ss{ikvxh `h-\-߃ Aø- - m-cpss CS-Øm-hfw

Transcription

1 05 hmeyw. Unkw_ e w. 23 MEMBER: NEWS PAPERS ASSOCIATION OF INDIA F. kmw \n-xy-x-bn -sim- p- m- Ign sxmæqdp h jambn Rm i_-cn-a-e-bnse Ac-h-W- m-bkw Ign- p- p. Ac-h-W- m-bkw t]mse C{X-bpw {]i-kvx-amb as mcp t {X {]km-z-an-. am {IntkmÃw CXmWv {IntkmÃw kzman-bpss Bbp- ns clkyw hne ` 4.00 Xn-cp-h-\- -]p-cw: {]-i-kv-x s{si-kv-x-h F-gp-Øp-Im-c-\pw, G.Pn k-`-bn-se ap -\n-c {]-h - Ø-I-\pw ti-c-f ]-ªn-Iv k -hokv I-Ωn-j-\n D-b - D-tZym- K-ÿ-\p-am-bn-cp- F.kmw (82) \n-xy-x-bn. G.Pn. Zq-X am-kn-i-bp-ss Zo -L-Im-e ]-{Xm- [n-]-\pw G.Pn k-`-bn-se hn-hn- [ X-e-ß-fn ]-Z-hn-Iƒ h-ln- n- p-ap- v. an-i- F-gp-Øp-Im-c F- \n-e-bn F-cn- -S-ßn-b ssi-øn-cn-iƒ, ]m-ã -F.kn. km-ap-th Po-h-N-cn-{Xw, ^pƒ sse-^v Ã-Un ss_-_nƒ No-^v F-Un- Xp-S-ßn A-t\-Iw kmln-xy-߃ X-s Po-hn-X-Øn-se \m-gn-i I- p-iƒ X-s -bm-wv. k - k-an-xn, A-, G.Pn Zq- X am-kn-i F- o kw-l-s-\- I-fp-sS ]p-c-kv-im-cw e-`n- n- p- v. Im- m- -S ssl-kv-iq-fn Ipd- p Im-ew A-[ym-]-I-\m-bn tkh-\w A-\p- n- p. Xp-S - v Xn-cph-\- -]p-cw-un.]n.sf. Hm-^okn m -Iv, ti-c-f ]-ªn-Iv k - ho-kv I-Ωo-j-\n m - m-bn B-cw-`n- v tpm-bn sk-{i- -dn-bmbn hn-c-an- p. G.Pn k -tu kv- Iqƒ B-Zy-Im-e {]-h -Ø-I F- \n-e-bn X-s tk-h-\w a-l-ø-c-am-wv. {In-kv-Xy F-Uyq-t -j ti-jw t]-pv 8 ao-un-b t m-_ ao- v P-\p-h-cn 19\v Ip-º-\m-Sv: C- ym s]-s -t mkv-xp ssz-h-k-`-bn-se am-[y-a {]- h -Ø-I-cp-sS-bpw F-gp-Øp-Im-cpsS-bpw B-tKm-f-X-e-Øn-ep- kw-k-aw (ao-un-b t m-_ ao- v- 2019) 2019 P-\-h-cn 19\v i-\n-bmgv-n cm-hn-se 10 a-wn ap-x Ip- º-\m-Sv I -h -j-t\m-s-\p-_- n- v P-\-d Iu -kn lmfn \-S- pw. k-tω-f-\-øn B-Œnw-Kv sn-b -am ]m-ã kmw-ip- n Nmt m \n-e-ºq A- y- -\m-bncn- pw. sf.]n.kn P-\-d sk- {I- -dn ]m-ã si.kn tpm D- Zv-Lm-S-\w \n -h-ln- pw. sk- pe ta-j-e-bn \n- pw {]-ap-jcm-b-h-sc Iq-Sm-sX sf.]n.kn P- \-d {]-kn-u- v ]m-ã tp- - _v tpm, A-hm -Uv tp-xm-hv kn.hn.am-xyp F- n-h ap-jym-xn- Yn-Iƒ B-bn-cn- pw. sf.]n.knbn-se P-\-d, kw-ÿm-\ X-eß-fn-se ap -\n-c t\-xm- ƒ B- iw-k-iƒ t\-cpw. ti-c-f-sø Iq-Sm-sX a- v kwÿm-\-ß-fn \n- pw A-ta-cn-, Im-\-U, Cw- - v, Hm-kv-t{Sen-b, Kƒ-^v cm-py-ß-fn \n- pw {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ ]-s -Sp- pw. ]p-c-kv-im-c hn-x-c-ww, an-i- kr- n-iƒ- p- A-hm -Up-I-fpw hn-x-c-ww sn-øpw. ap-xn - ]- {X-{]-h -Ø-I-sc-bpw F-gp-Øp- Im-sc-bpw B-Z-cn-, N -, ka-im-eni ]{XnI maruppacha@yahoo.com Published from Thiruvalla on A-\ym-cm-\-bv-s -Xn-sc \n-e-sim- G-en-bm-hn-s bm-k-]ot-øn kz - -Øn \n- pw Xobndßnb I- -tω ] -Δ-X-Øn ]m-ã _m-_p tpm -Pn-s t\-xr-xz-øn a-cp- - bm{xmkw-lw B-flo-b D-W -hn-\m-bn {]m - n- p- p. i_-cn-aebnse ]pxnb t {Xw \n Ωn- Xv am tøm-ωm- m-c PmXntbm axtam a v t`z-ßtfm H p-an- msx AhnsS sn p F mhcpw sszh-øns {]Xo-I-ß-fmhp hfsc A]q h-amb ImgvN i_-cn-a-e-bn A msx as ßpw Ds p txm p- n-. ` \pw sszhhpw H m-bn-øo-cp p : am {In-tkmÃw am-cm-a : `- -\pw ssz-h-hpw H- m-ip- ssz-h-z -i-\w X-Xz-akn i-_-cn-a-e-bn A- m-sx thsdm-cn-s-øp-an-s - p am -tøm- Ωm k-`m h-en-b sa-{xm-t m-eo- Ø am -{In-tkm-Ãw. i-_-cn-a-e-bv- p t]m-im ame-bn- p I-gn- m am-e-bn-sp- h-cpw A-ø- -\m-hpw. tem-i-øp X-s A-sXm-cp A-]q -h-x-bm- Wv. X-Øz-a-kn F- p ]-d-bp- A-h-ÿ b-ym -Y-Øn D- mbn Xo-cp-I-bm-Wv. "A-Xv \o B- Ip- p.' {_- w \o B-Ip- p. sszhw \o BIp- p. F mw \o BIp- p. A-ß-s\ `- -\pw ti-jw t]-pv 8 Xn-cp-h- : i-_-cn-a-e-bn ]p-xnb t -{Xw \n -Ωn- -Xv am -tøm- Ω- m-c-\m-b am-th-en- -c t]m-f- n-d-bv- ]n.-kn. tim-in-bm-sw- pw i-_-cn-a-e-bn-te- v Im -\- S-bm-bn t]m-ip- A-ø- -`- - m - v C-S-Øm-h-f-am-bn ]-e ss{i-kv-x-h `-h-\-ß-fpw Xp-d- p sim-sp-øn- p- -Xv a-tx-x-c-xz-øns Zr-V-X-sb hy- -am- p- psh- pw am -tøm-ωm k-`m ]-c- am- y- tum. tpm-k-^v am - tøm-ωm sa-{xm-t m-eoø. i-_-cn-a-e-bn-se hn-izm-k- Øn-s ]m-h-\-x-sb l-\n- p- hn-[-øn D- m-bn-cn- p- {]- Jym-]-\-ß-fpw i-_-cn-a-e-sb H- cp kw-l -j `q-an-bm-bn am- p- p F- -Xv G-sd \n -`m-ky-i-c-am-sw- v k-`m-p-\-߃- v A-b- -I- Øn sa-{xm-t m-eo-ø ]-d- p. {io-aq-ew Xn-cp-\mƒ a-lm-cm- Pm-hn-s Im-ew-h-sc i-_-cn-a-ebn, a-fi-e D- -h-im-e-l- - Øn a-i-c-hn-f- n-s Z -i-\- Øn-\p Xm - m-en-i-am-b t - {Xw \n -an- p, B-ep-h-bn inh-t -{Xw a-w -]p-d-øp ]-Wnbp- -Xn-\p ap-ºp- m- n-bn-cp- t]m-se Xm-ev-Im-en-I-t -{Xw \n -an- m-bn-cp- -s{x B-cm-[-\- Iƒ \-S- p-h- n-cp- -Xv. {]-Pm-Xti-jw t]-pv 8 ss{ikvxh `h-\-߃ Aø- - m-cpss CS-Øm-hfw tpmk^v am tømωm ssz-h-hpw H- m-ip- ssz-h-z - i-\w i-_-cn-a-e-bn A- m-sx th-sd F-hn-sS-sb- n-epw D-s - p txm- p- n-. Pm-Xn-tbm a- X-tam a- v t`-z-ß-tfm H- p-an- msx A-hn-sS sn- p- F- m-hcpw ssz-h-øn-s {]-Xo-I-ß-fmhp- h-f-sc A-]q -h-am-b Im-gv- N i-_-cn-a-e-bn A- m-sx a- s -ßpw D-s - p txm- p- n-. A-c-h-W-{]n-b-\m-Wv Xm-s\- p sa-{xm-t m-eo-ø ]-d-bp- p. ""F-\n- v a-[p-cw h-f-sc C-jv-Sam-Wv. F- m Rm a-[p-cw I- gn- p- -Xv F-s Nn-In- n- ph-s-ti-cn- -c-bn-ep- m-bn-cp- H-cp ss{i-kv-x-h Ip-Spw-_-Ø-e-h-s tpm-en- m-cm-bn-cp- p Ip-Xn-c-]p-d-Øp i-_-cn-a-e-bn-te- p t -{X-\n - Ωm-Ww I-gn- -t mƒ Im-Wp-hm t]m-b sim- p-ω-\p h-gn-sx-fn- v A-\p-bm-{X sn-bv-x-xv. i-_-cn-a-e-bn-te- p Im -\-S-bm-bn h-cp- ` - m - v C-S-Øm-h-f-am-bn ]-e ss{i-kv-x-h `-h-\-ß-fpw Xp-d- p-sim- Sp-Øn- p- -Xv a-tx-x-c-xz-øn-s Zr-U-X-sb hy- -am-ip- p. sf.]n.kn t m-_ ao-un-b A-tkm-kn-tb-j am-[y-a ]p-c-kv-im-cw kn.hn.am-xyp-hn-\v Ip-º-\m-Sv: C- ym s]-s -t mkv-xv ssz-h k-`-bn-se am-[y-a {]- h -Ø-I-cp-sS-bpw F-gp-Øp-Im-cpsS-bpw A- -tz-io-b kw-l-s-\- bm-b sf.]n.kn t m-_ ao-unb A-tkm-kn-tb-j-s 2018 se am-[y-a ]p-c-kv-im-cw Kp-Uv-\yq-kv No-^v F-Un- kn.hn am-xyp-hn- \v. s{si-kv-x-h km-ln-xy am-[ya cw-k-ß-fn-epw k-`m {]-h -Ø- \-ß-fn-epw kv-xp-xy -l-am-b k- a-{k kw-`m-h-\-i-sf am-\n- v sf.]n.kn t m-_ ao-un-b A- tkm-kn-tb-j Hm-tcm h -jhpw \-ev-ip- hn-in- am-[y-a ]pc-kv-im-c-am-wn-xv. \-hw.27 \v Xncp-h- -bn Iq-Sn-b F-Iv-kn-Iyq- o-hv I-Ω- n A-hm -Uv {]-Jym-]n- p. a-e-bm-fn s]-s -t m-kv-xp k-aq-l-øn-s N-cn-{X-tØm-sSm- w k- -cn- A-t±-lw C- ym s]-s -t m-kv-xv ssz-h-k-`-bpss hn-hn-[ ta-j-e-i-fn-epw \n - Æm-b-I ]- m-fn-øw h-ln- n- p v. ti-jw t]-pv 10 ti-jw t]-pv 10

2 2 ka-im-eni ]{XnI FUn-t m-dn-b Unkw_ 05 snb am tpm h Kokv amt\-pnwkv FUn- ^n n cmpp lqã No^v FUn- A Ip v Ce- q Hmh kokv FUn- DΩ F_-t\-k Hmh kokv Ub-d-Œ tum. Fw.-F-kv.kmap-h dkn-u v FUn-t gvkv Ipcym-t mkv txm -Øn Pm kn F. h Kokv Atkm-kn-tb v FUn-t gvkv jn_p ap -wim- n h Kokv amxyp Nm eokv amxyp sdpn aqtesw amxyqkv ]n. tpm tpmkv sf -c- Sn sd n tp _v tpm Pv s_ n sim p-h-s-t k_v FUn-t gvkv sp n h Kokv spbv -txm-akv amen-bn s]m Ω kmw kvs]jy dnt m t gvkv osbkv I -amw-aq- n sdpn h Kokv shæn- pfw ^n n s_ -an h Kokv PÃkv N{μ-t_mkv kmw amxyp \yqtbm v bp.si. P\-d tim -Hm Un-t\- PnPn _tdmu bp.-f.-c. P\. tim -Hm Un-t\- tpm aømbn AXn-cp- tpm. tim -Hm Un-t\- spbnwkv taa\ tim -Hm Un-t\-t gvkv a p ]osn-tb- s_ n ]m - H etlma cmp G{_lmw tam kn hf- -h w Umf v tpmbn kmw tp _v Im\U hm jni hcn-kwjy C y-bn : 150 cq] bp.-f-kv.-f. & Im\U : $ 50 Cw v : 20 ]u v Kƒ^v cmpy-߃ : 2000 cq] hcn-kwjy Ab-bvt hnemkw acp- πmt m w timwπivkv Xncp-h- - 1, tic-f. t^m : maruppacha@yahoo.com Cu \ {Xw hgn sx n- n {Inkvakv Hcp BtLm-j-am-Wv. kt m-j-øns, kam-[m-\- Øns hnfw-_-cw. \ {X hnf- p-ifpw Ae- m-c-ßfpw {Inkva-kn\p tim` \ Ip- p. {Inkvakv F m-h-cp-ts-xp-ambn amdp- p. {Inkva-kns bym ktμiw a\pjy kaq-lsø ]m]ßfn \n pw c n- m sszh-]p-{x `qan-bn PVm-h-Xmcw snbvxp-sb- - Xm-Wv. B ]ndhn ]mh-\-am-bn-cp p; \nkvxp-ey-am-bn-cp- p. Cßs\ Hcp inip Ncn-{X-Øn-te v h n- n-. CXp-t]m-semcp P\\w `qan-bn \S- n- n-. aømbn Fgp-XnbXnß-s\-bm-Wv: ""tbip-{inkvxp-hns P\\w C{]- Im-c-am-bn-cp- p. Ahs AΩ-bmb adn-b, tpmk-^n\p hnhmlw \n - bn- -s - n-cp- p-sh- nepw Ah kl-h-kn- p- -Xn\p apºv ]cn-ip- mflm-hn-\m K `n-wn-bmbn F p ImW-s - p. Ah-fpsS ` Øm-hmb tpmk^v \oxn-am-\mbncp Xp sim v Ahƒ v temim-]-hmzw hcp-øp-hm Ah\v B-{K-l-an- m-xn-cp- -XpsIm pw Ahsf KqV-ambn Dt]- n- p-hm Ah Xocp-am-\n- p. Cßs\ Nn n- n-cn- p-tºmƒ btlm-h-bpss ZqX Ah\p kz-]v\-øn {]Xy- -\mbn: Zmho-Zns ai-\mb tpmk-t^, adn-bsb \ns `mcybmbn kzoi-cn- m i n-t - ; Ah-fn Dev]m-Zn-X-am-bn-cn- p- Xv ]cnip- m-flm-hn-\m BIp- p. Ahƒ Hcp ais\ {]k-hn pw; Ah Xs P\sØ Ah-cpsS ]m]- ß-fn \n p c n pw; AXp-sIm v \o Ah\v tbip F p t]cntsww! F p ]d- p. CsXm-s bpw kw`-hn- Xv btlmh {]hm-n-i apjm- cw Acp-fnsN-bvXXp \nhr-øn-bm-ip-hm-\m-bn-cp p; I\yI K `w [cn v Hcp ais\ {]k-hn pw; Ah\v "sszhw \tωmsp IqsS' F -ap "CΩm-\pth ' F p t]cp hnfn- pw.'' kz]v\-øn \n p DW tpmk^v ZqXs Iev]\b\p-k-cn v adn-bsb `mcy-bmbn kzoi-cn- p. HuKp-kvsXmkv ssik-dpss `c-w-øn-ep ÿe-ß-fnse P\- kwjy FSp- p Ime-am-b-Xn-\m- K `n-wn-bmb adnbsbbpw Iq n tpmk^v Keo-e-bnse \t{k-øn- \n pw blq-zbnse t_xve-tl-ante v t]mbn. AhnsS Bbn-cn- ptºmƒ {]k-h-imew XnI- p. eqt mkv tcj-s -Sp-Øp- p: ""Ahƒ Xs BZy-Pm-X-\mb ais\ {]k-hn p; hgn-b-º-e-øn- Ahƒ v ÿew e`n- m-xn-cp- -Xp sim v Ahƒ Ahs\ io-e-iƒ s]mxn v ]p søm- n-bn- InS- Øn.'' blqz P\X Hcp ain-l-bv pth n ImØp-Im-Øn-cp Ime-L am-bn-cp p AXv. blqz Xncp-sh-gp- Øp-I-fn ain-l-bpss P\- \sø n \nc-h[n ]cma i-߃ D v. * ainl kv{xobn \n p P\n pw. * A{_-lm-ans ]n X-e-ap-d- m-c-\mbncn pw. * bmt m-_ns ]n Xe-ap-d-bmbn-cn- pw. * ainl hcp- Xv blqzm tkm{x-øn \n m-bn-cn- pw. * Zmho-Zns knwlm-k-\-øn\v Ah-Im-in-bm-bn-cn pw * \nxy\pw A`n-tjIw snø-s - -h-\p-am-bn-cn- pw. * t_xve-tl-an PmX-\mIpw. CØcw \nc-h[n ]g-b-\n-ba {]h-n-\-߃ tbip-hns P\\- tømss \nd-th-dn. tbip-hns \maw Xs c m- I-c-{]-h Øn-bp-ambn _ -s - -Xm- Wv. "sbtlmiph'f lo{_p ]Z- Øn \n p-amwv tbip F t]cp- m-b-xv. ""btlmh c n pw'' F w. AsX; a\pjy h -K-sØ ]m]-øn \n pw c n- m ]nd sszh-]p-{x. blqz Xncp-sh-gp- Øp-I-fnse {]h-n-\-߃ v \nhr-øn-bm-bn- mwv ZmhoZv ]p{x-\mb tbip-hns P\-\w. blqzm ]pkvx-i- p-cp-fn {]h-nn- -s ainlsb imkv{xn-iƒ pw alm-]p-tcm-ln-x- m pw AwKo-I-cn- m-\m-bn-s - nepw Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Iƒ shfn-s -Sp-Øp {InkvXp-hmWv \k-td-øp-imc-\mb tbip. blqz kaq-lsø am{xw ]m]-ß-fn \n pw c n- m-\ tb-ip `qan-bn-te v h -Xv. Ahn-Sp p kie a\p-jy-cp-ssbpw c -I-\m-Wv. tbip-hns P\\ ka-bøv CS-b- m v {]Xy- -\mb ssz-h-zq-x CXp IrXy-ambn ]d-bp- p-ap v: ""`b-s -ts-, k Δ-P-\-Øn-\pw D m- Ip-hm-\p Hcp alm kt mjw Rm \nß-tfmsp kphn-ti-jn- p- p...'' s]s p kz Kob ssk\y-øns Hcp kwlw ZqX-t\mSp tn v sszhsø ]pigvøn ]d p: "AXyp- -X-ß-fn sszh-øn\p alxzw; `qan-bn sszh-{]-km-z-ap a\p-jy v kam-[m-\w'. sszh-øns kmzr-iy-ønepw kzcq-]-ønepw krjvsn- -s a\pjy ]m]w snbvxp sszh-tx-p v C møhcm-bn-øo p; ]m]w a\p-jys\ sszh-øn \n pw AI- n. acww Hml-cn-bm-bn. \nxyx \jvs-am-bn. a\p-jys\ ]m]-øn \n pw hos -SpØp ac-w-øn-\- pdøp Dbn p \ In \nxy kt m-j-øn-te p {]th-in- n- m th nbmwv sszh-]p-{x-\mb {InkvXp `qan-bn-te v h -Xv. Cu c m-i-c-{]- hrøn tbip-hn am{x-amwv \mw ImWp- -Xv. BZna k`-bn tbip-{inkvxp-hns hy n-xz-sø- n Gsd N -Ifpw hnhm-z-ßfpw \S- p. tbip-hns sszh-xz-søbpw a\p-jy-xz-søbpw Nne tnmzyw snbvxp. ]e-hn[ D]-tZ-i-ß-fm k` BSn De kμ `-ß-fp- v. \njymkp l-tzm-kn cq]-s hnizmk {]am-w-øn tbiphns\- n ]d-bp {]Jym-]\w C pw {]k- -am-wv: ""k Δ temi-߃ pw apsº ]nxmhn \n p P\n- -h\pw {]Im-i-Øn \n p {]Im-ihpw kxy-sszh-øn \n p kxy-ssz-hhpw P\n- -h\pw krjvsn-b- m-ø-h\pw kmcmw-i-øn ]nxm-hn-t\msv GI-Xz-ap- -h-\pw kie krjvsn pw apjm- c-am-b-h\pw a\p-jy-cmb R߃ pw Rß-fpsS c bv pw sszh-{]-kmzw txsn bm{x-sn-øp- -h v sszh- ]p-{x A[nIw Zqscb-. bm{x sx n- p- -h At\-I-cp v. c m Nn -߃ AWn- -h hgnb-cn-in ImWpw. sszhhpw ` \pw H m-sw- -h ]d-s p hcpw. aq Øn-Iƒ v \nth-zn- p ]mb- -Øns cpnnsb n hmnm-e-cm-ipw. {hxm-\p-jvtm-\-ß-fn-eqss e`n- p hnip- nsb n ]d-t - pw. Ah Nq n- m-wn- p hgn Ccp- n-te- m-wv. iq\y-x-bn-te- m-wv. \ap v bm{x sntø- Xv \ {Xw I CS-tØ- m-wv. A\ym n IØn- n- n-s-tø- -. Awi hsnbpw ]nsn p hgn-ø-e-bv Ccp p XXz- m\w ]d-bp hsc ad-t - mw. Ah Hcp- p CS-Øm-h-f-Øn hn{i-an- -cp-xv. bm{x- msc hcq; IÆp-Iƒ Db ØpI; Ing- p-i \ -{XsØ t\m n-bmwv \ΩpsS bm{x. th n kz -Øn \n pw Cdßn ]cn-ip- m-flm-hn-\m I\y-I-adn-bm-an \n pw icocw [cn v a\p-jy-\mbn s]m n-tbmkv ]oemtøm-kns \mfp-i-fn R߃ v th n IjvS-X-b-\p-`-hn v {Iqin- s p acn v AS- -s v Xncp-lnX {]Imcw aq mw \mƒ Dbn sø-gpt v kz K-Øn-te v Itcdn Xs ]nxm-hns he-øp-`m-k-øncn p h\pw Ah-km-\-an- mø cmpy-xz-ap- -h-\pw Pohn- n-cn- p- hscbpw acn- -h-scbpw hn[n- m Xs alm {]`m-h-tømss C\nbpw hcp-hm-\n-cn- p- -h-\p-amb tb-ip-a-inlm Bb GI I Ømhnepw R߃ hniz-kn- p- p.'' tbip-hn-ep hnizm-k-øns {]Jym-]\w IqSnbmWn-Xv. tbiphns P\\sØ Hcn- epw \n m-c-h -cn- -cp-xv. sfxn-l-ß-fnse IYm-]m-{X-߃s m w tn Øp ]d-b-cp-xv. \sω ]m]-ß-fn \n pw c n- m `qan-bn-te v h ]pwym-flm- ƒ thsd-bn-. sfxn-l-ßfnse aq Øn-Iƒs m -a {InkvXp {]tlm-jn- -s -ts- -Xv. ]m]-øn \n pw c n- m tbip h p. sszhw \tωmsp IqsS CΩm-\p-th. `qan-bn sszh-{]-km-z-ap- -h v kam-[m-\w. Xncp- nd-hn-bpss ktμiw CXm-Wv. CXn Ipd- -sxm pw {In-kv-akv BI-bn-. ]S- hpw ]qøn-cnbpw \ -{X-hn-f- p-ifpw h Æ- -S-em- p-i-fpsa mw D -h-øns {]I-S-\-ß-fm-Wv. kt m-j-øns AS-bm-f-ß-fm- Wv. F m {Inkvakv AXn-\- p-d-am-wv. tbip \tωm-ssm w BIp A\p-`-h-am-Wv. AYhm \mw {InkvXp-hns Iq m-bva-bn BIp- -Xm-Wv. {Inkvakv F m {InkvXo-bX-bm-Wv. AXv ax-øn-\- p-d-ap A\p-`h-am-Wv. {InkvXp-hn-t\m-sSm w Po-hn- p A\p-`-hw. tbip-hns kjnxzw Pohn-X-Øn-s F m taj-e-i-fnepw {]Xn-^en- pw. CΩm-\p-th-emb tbip-hn-t\m-ssm- -ap Pohn-X-Øn {In-kvXphn\p ]Icw Bcm-[n- m H- pw D m-i-bn-. Cu ktμ-i-øn-s {]Nmc-I-cmWv Hmtcm {InkvXym-\nbpw. tbip I Ømhpw c -I-\p-ambh v thsdmcp sszh-ß-fp-ssbpw km n[yw Bh-iy-an-. A-h- v {InkvXpam-{X-am-Wv ssz-h-hpw c -I\pw. hn{k-l-ß-fpss ssnx\yw Ah v Bh-iy-an-. I Ωm-Nm-c-ß-fn-eqsS kmbqpyw t\sm {ian-t - -Xn-. ssz-h-sø txsn C\n Ae-tb- -Xn-. ssz-hw Ah-t\m-sSm w D v. tbip-hn-eqss sszhsø Is -Øp- p. krjvsm-hmb sszhhpw Ahn-Sp-sØ krjvsnbpw H -. c m-wv. {In-kvXphns\ Adn-bp- -h {In-kvXp-hm-I-bn-. tbip-{in-kvxp-hn-s k-tlm-z-c Bbn amdp- p. sszh-a- ƒ F ]Zhn-bn F-Øp- p. A{X-am-{Xw. {InkvXm-\p-`-h-ap- -h as mcp aq Ønsb F n\v hw-ßww? ]m- ]- a tbip-{in-kvxp-hn-eqss e`n- p. Dbn ns {]Xym-ibpw \nxy c bpw {InkvXp-hn-eqsS kz -am- mw. sszh-{]-km-z-ap- -h v kam- [m-\w. CXpw tbip-hn-eqss e`n- p- p. ]m]w- -a-c-ww- -\n-xy-x Cu aq p {]iv\-ßfpw {InkvXp-hn-eqsS ]cn-lcn- -s - p. A\p-Zn\ Pohn-X-Øn {InkvXym\n H -bv -. tbip-hn-t\mssm amwv. ]cn-ip- m-flm-hns k- lm-b-ap- v. Xncp-h-N-\-Øns {]Imi-ap- v. Znhy-k-am-[m-\-Øn-\mbn thsdmcp CSw At\z-jn-t - Xp-t m? A ; {InkvXph msx Hcp aq -Ønsb Bcm-[n- m-\m-hptam? kxy-{inkvxym-\n v CXmWv am Kw. CXmWv Pohn-Xw. tbip am{x-amwv Ahs c m \ui. temi c -I-\mbn P\n tbip A px {]Im-i-am-Wv. F m \ -{Xßfpw IqSn {]Im-in- mepw B {]ImiØns\m w hcn-. Znhy-{]- kmzw e`n- m bmk-ßfpw hgn-]m-sp- Ifpw th. ITn\ {hx-߃ Bhiy-an-. tbip-hn- -te v B pw Ft mgpw HmSn sn mw. F{X henb ]m]n pw. kv{xo-sb-t m ]pcp-j-s\t mbn. {]mb-t`-z-an-. tbip-hneqss shfn-s sszh-kvt\lw a m-cn-epw, as m- nepw \Ωƒ ImWp- n-. XXz-im-kv{X-Øns kuμcyw Bflm-hns amen\yw Igp-In-I-f-bp- n-. I Ωm-Zn-Iƒ imizx kam-[m-\w \ Ip- n. k Δ P\-߃- pw D m-ti- Xv kt m-j-am-wv. tbip \sω t\m n ]p n-cn- p- p. Ahn-SpsØ kjn-xz-øn-te v Wn- p- p. \thm- m\ hgn-bn k -cn- p- -h v tbip-hns\ {]Im-i-tKm- ]p-c-ambn ImWm-\m-hpw. `mc-x-øn-\m-hiyw Cu {InkvXp-hns ktμ-iam-wv. ss{ikvx-h {]tlm-jn-t - Xpw CXp Xs -bm-wv. sszh-{]- kmzw txsn bm{x-sn-øp- -h v sszh-]p-{x A[nIw Zqscb-. bm{x sx n- p- -h At\-I-cp v. c m Nn -߃ AWn- -h hgn-b-cn- In ImWpw. sszhhpw ` \pw H m-sw- -h ]d-s p hcpw. aq Øn-Iƒ v \nth-zn- p ]mb- -Øns cpnnsb n hmnm-e-cm-ipw. {hxm-\p-jvtm-\-ß-fn-eqss e`n- p hnip- nsb n ]d-t - pw. Ah Nq n- m-wn- p hgn Ccp- n-te- m-wv. iq\y-x-bn-te- m-wv. \ap v bm{x sntø- Xv \ {Xw I CS-tØ- m-wv. A\ym n IØn- n- n-s-tø- -. Awi hsnbpw ]nsn p hgn-ø-e-bv Ccp p XXz- m\w ]d-bp hsc ad-t - mw. Ah Hcp- p CS- Øm-h-f-Øn hn{i-an- -cp-xv. bm{x- msc hcq; IÆp-Iƒ Db ØpI; Ing- p-i \ -{XsØ t\m nbmwv \ΩpsS bm{x. CXm \mw ChnsS FØn. ""B ho n IS p sn v, iniphns\ AΩ-bmb adn-b-tbmsp IqsS I p; Ah kmjvsmwkw howv Ahs\ Bcm-[n p; Ah \ntj-]- ]m-{x-߃ Xpd v Ah\v s]m pw Ip p-cp- hpw aqcpw ImgvN-sh p''.

3 3 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Ih -tãm-dn anj\-dn `mcxw Unkw_ 05 H-cp Im -jn-i-sxm-gn-em-fn-bm-bpw ]n- o-sv H-cp sn-cp- p- Ip-Øn-bp-sS A-{] o-km-bpw. {Ko- v `m-jm-]-t-\-tømssm- w kz- -am-b ss_-_nƒ ]T-\-hpw A-t±-lw B-cw- `n- p. sum-tdm-øn πm- - n-s\ ti-cn hn-hm-lw sn-bv- Xp ti-cn _m-]v- n-ãv ip-{iq-j-i-cm-b tpm k- v- n-^v, tpm ssd-em v, B -{Uq ^p- F- n-hsc I- p-ap- n. C-Xn-t\m-S-Iw A-t±-lw kp-hn-ti-jw {]- kw-kn- p-hm-\pw lo-{_p, U- v, {^- v F- o `m-j- Iƒ ]Tn- m-\pw Xp-S-ßn-bn-cp- p. tem-i-kp-hn-ti-j-h- Xv- -c-ww kw-_- n- v Xm {]-kn- o-i-cn- F -Iz-bdn A-t±-l-Øn-s an-j tã- v-sa v B-bn-cp- p. kphn-ti-j-{]-n-c-wm -Yw H-cp _m-]v- n-ãv skm-ssk- n ÿm- ]n- p-i F- B-i-bw A-t±-lw ap-tºm- p-h- p. hneyw ticn `m-c-x-øn h- -t mƒ tum.- _m-_p si.- h -Ko-kv (sk-dm-ºq tim-tf-pn-s 200- mw hm -jn-i-øn \-S-Øn-b {]-kw-k-øn -\n- v.) C- y A-ta-cn- F-gp- Øp-Im-c-\m-b cm-po-hv a -tlm- {X, X-s s{_-bv- n-ßv C -Uy F- ]p-kv-x-i-øn hn-eyw ticn-sb hn-fn- n-cn- p- -Xv {_n- ojv tim-f-\n-hm-gv-n- m-e-sø G- -hpw hr-øn-si- H-cp kp-hn-tij-i F- m-wv. C- y-bn P-\n- cm-po-hv, ss{i-kv-x-h-an-j-w-dn-am ÿm- ]n- U -ln-bn-se sk v Ão- ^ -kv tim-tf-pn-em-wv ]Tn- -Xv. ]n- o-sv A-t±-lw A-ta-cn- bq-wn-th-gv-kn- n-i-fn ]Tn- m t]m-bn, A-h-bpw ss{i-kv-x-h-anj-w-dn-am ÿm-]n- -Xp-X-s. ]n- o-sv A-t±-lw H-cp A-ta-cn- ]u-c-\m-bn Xo - p. C- ybn-se X-s kz- -{Km-a-Øn-se txm- n- -Wn- m-cp-ss tk-h-\w C- t mƒ A-t±-l-Øn-\v B-h-iy-an-. C- y-bn-se sxm- p-iq-sm-øh-sc- p-dn- pw Z-fn-X-sc- p-dn- pw B-i- -s -ts- B-h-iy-hpw A- t±-l-øn-\n-t mƒ C-. ss_- _nƒ hn-izm-kn-iƒ ]-Sp-Øp-b - Øn-b A-ta-cn- -bn-se B-Vw- _-c-߃ B-kz-Zn- p-i-bm-wv A-t±-l-an-t mƒ. A-t±-lw A-tacn- -bn-en-cp- p-sim- v X-s Xm-\m- n-øo -Ø hn-eyw ti-cn ap-x-em-b ss{i-kv-x-h-th-e- mcp-ss-ta sn-fn hm-cn-sb-dn-bp- ]p-kv-x-i-߃ F-gp-Xn-s m- v Z- i-e- -߃ k-ºm-zn- p- p! B-cm-Wo hn-eyw ti-cn? F- m-wv A-t±-l-hpw sk-dm-ºq an-j-\n-se A-t±-l-Øn-s k-lan-j-w-dn-am-cpw C- y-bv- p-th- n sn-bv-x-xv? \mw skdm-ºq bq-wn-th-gv-kn- n-bp-ss 200- mw hm -jn-iw B-tLm-jn- ptºmƒ 225 h -j-߃- p-ap-ºv hn-eyw ti-cn C- y-bn-se- Øn-b-t m-gp- m-bn-cp- C- ybp-ss A-h-ÿ F- m-bn-cp- p F-s m- v Xn-cn- p-t\m- p- - Xv \- -Xm-Wv. C- y k-aq-lsø {]-txy-in- v `m-j, kmln-xyw, hn-zym-`ym-kw F- o ta- J-e-I-fn cq-]m- -c-s -Sp-Øp- -Xn ss_-_nƒ {]-h -Ø-Icp-sS kw-`m-h-\-iƒ F-s - m-ambn-cp- p? {]m-cw-`-am-bn, ]-fl-{io tp-xmhpw C- y \m-j-w ssk n- ^n-iv tum-iyp-sa-t -j sk - dn-s ap U-b-d-Iv-S-dp-am-b _n.- F-kv.-tI-i-h ln-ã-dn Hm-^v {]n n-ßv B v ]-ªn-jn-ßv C C -Uy: F tãm-dn Iƒ- -d dn- F-th- -\n-ßv (\m-j-w _p- v {S-Ãv C- y, 1985) F- aq- p hm-fy-ß-fp- X-s _r-l- Zv {K-Ÿ-Øn ]-d- n-cn- p- H-cp Im-cyw D- -cn- -s : Po-hn-X- Øn-ep-S-\o-fw H-cp hy-xy-kv-x \ne-]m-sp-im-c-\pw _m-]v- n-ãp-im-c- \p-am-bn-cp- X-s - p-dn- p- Hm -Ω-bp-sS ap-ºn C-Ø-c-Ønep- H-cp {i- m- -en tbm-kyam-twm F- v kw-i-b-tøm-ss- Ø-s ]-d-b-s, s{]m- -à p- Im hn-ip- - m-sc \m-a-i-c-ww sn-øp- -Xn- hn-iz-kn- n-cp- psh- n A-h-cp-sS G- -hpw ap - \n-c-bn-se H-cp hn-ip- B-Ipam-bn-cp- p- hn-eyw ti-cn. A-Xn- ti-cn B-cm-Wv? H-cp-]-t ti-cn-sb H-cp kp-hn-ti-j-i-\m-bn ]p-dw-tem-i- Øv A-dn-b-s -Sp-hm km-[y-x Ip-d-hm-Wv. F- m \n-xy-xsb kzm-[o-\n- -Ø- -hn-[-ap- A-t±-l-Øn-s G- -hpw h- en-b kw-`m-h-\ A-t±-lw ]-cn- `m-j-s -Sp-Øn-b ss_-_n-fp-ifm-wv. H-cp hn-zym-`ym-k-hn-n-j- W, `m-jm-]-wv-un-x, kmln-xy \n-]p-w F- o \n-e- I-fn-ep- A-t±-l-Øn-s kw- `m-h-\-iƒ tem-i-øn-s A-`n- \-μ-\w ]n-sn- p-]- p-i-x-s snbv-xp. C- y hn-zym-`ym-k-sø kw-_- n- p- ti-cn-bp-ss Z - i-\w ln v-kv dn-te- n-ßv Sp t\- o-hv F-Uyp-t -j F- {]- _- -Øn-eq-sS Xm hy- -am- n-bn- p- v. ]m-h-s - -h - v km-º-øn-i-`m-cw D- m- m-ø- Xpw N-cn-{Xw, `q-an-im-kv-{xw, k- b -kv, K-Wn-Xw Xp-S-ßn-b-hbn A-Sn-ÿm-\-s - -Xpw X-t±io-b-hpw ssh-tz-in-i-hp-am-b hn- m-\-sø kw-tbm-pn- n- p- -Xp-am-b H-cp hn-zym-`ym-kam-bn-cp- p ti-cn-bp-ss Im-gv-N- m-sv. t\- o-hv kv-iqƒ I-Ω- n-bpss sn-b -am ti-cn-bpw sk- {I- -dn am -jv-am-\pw B-bn-cp- p sk-dm-ºq-cn kv- \m-bn H-cp A- p-xw kw-`-hn- - Xv I-s -Øp- -Xn-\v H- pw _p- n-ap-t - n-bpw h-cn-i-bn-! 34 h -j-߃-s m- v 40 hy-xy-kv- X `m-j-i-fn-em-bn, sk-dm-ºq-cnse A- p-iq-s-øn hm -sø-sp- Ø A- p-iƒ \n-c-øn, A-hn-SpsØ lm v {]- n -\n- pw 212,000 hm-fy-߃ A- -Sn- p-ibp- m-bn. am-xr-`m-j A-[y-b-\ am-[y-a-am-b H-cp tim-tf-ppw A- hn-ss ÿm-]n- -s - p. ]m- m-xy- -]u-c-kv-xy hn- m-\-߃ ]- I - p \-ev-ip- H-cp hn-zym-`ymk k-{º-zm-b-hpw B-hn-jv- -cn- p-i-bp- m-bn... Ir-jn-bv- pw k-ky-im-kv-{x- Øn-\pw Du- \-ev-in-s m- p- im-kv-{x-]-t-\-co-xn A-hn-sS B-cw-`n- p. ayq-kn-tbm-f-pn-bv- v A-Sn-ÿm-\-an- p. Np- p-ap- tem- I-Øn-se-bpw bq-tdm- p-t]m-ep- hn-zq-c-tem-i-ß-fn-se-bpw hn-h-c߃ e-`y-am- p- h -Ø-am-\- ]-{X-߃- v Xp-S- -an- p. cm-pmdmw tam-l- -tdm-bv t]m-ep- X- e-ap-xn - km-aq-ln-i ]-cn-jv- -Øm- -fp-am-bn _- w ]pe -Øn. k-xn Xp-S-ßn-b km-aqln-i Xn- -Iƒ-s -Xn-sc i- - am-b {]-t m-`-߃ kw-l-sn- n- p. t^m - v hn-eyw tim-tf-pn kw-kv-ir-x-hpw _w-km-fn-bpw t] -jy-\pw ]Tn- n- p- s{]m- ^-k-dm-bn-cp- ti-cn X-s k- ky-im-kv-{x-ssh-z-kv- y-øn-s t]-cn tem-i-{]-i-kv-x k-kyim-kv-{x- -cm-bn-cp- tdm-ivkw-_ -Kv, hm-en-iv F- n-h-cp-ss {]-iw-k ]n-sn- p-]- p-i-bp- m-bn. Iq-fp-Iƒ B-cw-`n- p. km-º-øn- I _m-[y-x an- -hm-dpw an-j-wdn-am -Ø-s h-ln-t - n-h- p. F- m kv-iq-fp-iƒ h-en-sbmcp hn-p-b-am-bn-øo - p. Pm-Xntbm a-x-tam t\m- m-sx A-hnsS hn-zym -Yn-Iƒ- v {]-th-i-\w \-ev-in em-wv ti-cn sk-dm-ºq tim-tf-pv B-cw-`n- -Xv. kw-kv-ir- X-hpw t] -jy-\pw A-hn-sS ]Tn- n- p-i-bp- m-bn. Um-\n-jv K- h -W tim-tf-pn-s B-Zy K- h -W-dm-bn. ]m- m-xy- -]u-c-kv- Xy hn- m-\-im-j-i-sf kw-_- n- v D-Zm-c-k-ao-]-\w kzo-i-cn- n-cp- {]-kv-xp-x ÿm-]-\w ]m- m-xy co-xn-bn-ep- G-jy-bnse B-Zy-sØ bq-wn-th-gv-kn- nbm-bn. ssn-\o-kv, kw-kv-ir-xw, t] -jy, {Ko- v, em- n, Cw- o-jv, ]m- m-xy- -]u-c-kv-xy im-kv-{xw, ^n-tem-k-^n, ln-ãdn, km-ln-xyw F- n-h-sbms A-hn-sS ]T-\-hn-j-b-ßfm-bn-cp- p. ]T-\-am-[y-aw am-xr- `m-j-x-s B-bn-cn- -W-sa- v an-j-w-dn-am \n-jv- -jn- p. ti-cn-bp-ss Po-hn-Xm-h-km-\- Øn-\p-ap-ºp-X-s Um-\n-jv tdm-b Nm - e-`n- -Xp Im- Wp-hm-\p- `m-kyw A-t±-l- Øn-\p- m-bn. B Nm - skdm-ºq-cn-se h-kv-xp-h-i-i-fp-ss ta-ep- ]q -Æ A-[n-Im-cw anj-w-dn-am - p- \-ev-in _n-cp-z-߃ \-ev-ip-hm-\p- N- -ß-fpw D- m- n. ti-cn-tbm-sp- _-lp-am-\m-xn-tc- Iw-sIm- v A-h ]-e sn-sn-isf-bpw A-t±-l-Øn-s t]-cptn -Øv \m-a-i-c-ww sn-øp-i-bp- m-bn... en- -tbm skm-ssk- n-bnepw Pn-tbm-{K-^n- skmssk- n-bn-epw A-t±-l-Øn-\v Aw- K-Xz-ap- m-bn-cp- p. G-jym- n-iv skm-ssk- n-bn A-t±-lw {]-`mj-w-߃ \-S-Øn-bn-cp- p. h-fsc Zp -e-`-am-bn-cp- k-ky-pm-e߃ Dƒ-s m- p- H-cp D-Zym- \w A-t±-lw kz- -am-bn D- m- n. A-t±-l-Øn-s a-c-w-øn-\v G-Xm-\pw Zn-h-k-߃- p-ap-ºv A-h-km-\-am-bn sn-bv-x Im-cyw ]p-xn-b-\n-b-a-øn-s dn-hn-j ]q -Øn-bm- p-i-bpw, A-t±-lw Z- im-_v-z-ß-tfm-fw Xo-{h-am-bn b- Xv-\n- k-xn \n-tcm-[-\w \-S- n h-cp-øn-s m- p- K-h -W P- \-d-en-s {]-Jym-]-\w _w-km-fnbn-te- v ]-cn-`m-j-s -Sp-Øp-I-bpam-bn-cp- p. sk-dm-ºq tim-tf-pv ]-Wn- Xp-b -Øn-b-Xv A-t±-l-Øn-s - bpw k-l-an-j-w-dn-am-cp-ss-bpw k-ºm-zy-߃-s m- m-bn-cp- p. A-hn-sS ]m- m-xy- -]u-c-kv-xy-co- Xn-bn-ep- ]T-\-ß-fm-Wv D- mbn-cp- -Xv. ssn-\o-kv, kw-kv-ir- Xw, t] -jy, {Ko- v, lo-{_p, e-øo F- n-h A-hn-sS ]Tn- n- n-cp- p. ^n-tem-k-^n-bpw N- cn-{x-hpw km-ln-xy-hp-sa- mw ]T- \-hn-j-b-ß-fm-bn-cp- p ti-cn C-ß-s\ ]-d-bp-i-bp- mbn: am-xr-`m-j-bn-sem-gn- v a-t -sx- n-epw `m-j-bn ]Tn- n- p- -Xns\- p-dn- v Nn- n- p- -Xp-t]mepw A-_- -am-bn-cn- pw. tim-tf- Pn-te- pw kv-iq-fn-te- p-ap- {]-th-i-\-øn Pm-Xn- -h -Æ, h -K hy-xym-k-߃ ]-cn-k-wn- n-cp- n-. A-t±-l-Øn-s {]-kn- -am-b ln v-kv dn-te- o-hv Sp t\- o-hv F-Uyp-t -j au-en-i-hpw em-`-i-c-hp-am-bn-cp- p. sk-dm- ºq hn-zym-e-b-ß-fn 10,000 hn- Zym -Yn-Iƒ ]Tn- p-i-bp- m-bn. A-[ym-]-I-]-cn-io-e-\-Øn-\p- H-cp kv-iq-fpw B-cw-`n- p-i-bp- m-bn. C-sX- mw H-cp 35 h -jsø Im-e-b-f-hn-\p- n-em-wv \- S- -Xv, A-[zm-\-Øn-s {]-k-hth-z-\ A-t±-lw A-\p-`-hn- p-ibp- m-bn.

4 4 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Ih -tãm-dn anj\-dn `mcxw Unkw_ 05 F-fn-b Xp-S- w N-cn-{X-Im-c-\m-b Fw.-F.-sebv-Uv C-ß-s\ A-`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p: an-j-w-dn-am-sc- m-h-cpw-xs Xm-c-X-tay-\ F-fn-b km-aqly-]- m-ø-e-øn -\n- p- -hcpw A-h-cp-sS k-`m-hn-`m-k-ßfn -\n- pw an-j-w-dn tim-tf-pp- I-fn -\n- pw e-`n- ]-cn-io-e-\- sam-gn- m Im-cy-am-b hn-zym-`ymk tbm-ky-x-sbm- pw C- m-øh-cpw B-bn-cp- p. sk-dm-ºq bq-wn-th-gv-kn- nbp-ss Xp-S- - m-cpw in-ev-]n-i-fpw ta-ev-]-d- -Xn-\v D-Ø-tam-Zm-lc-W-ß-fm-bn-cp- p. hn-eyw ti-cn Hu-]-Nm-cn-I hn-zym-`ym-kw A-[n-Iw e-`n- H-cm-fm-bn-cp- n- hn-eyw ti-cn. t\m -Xmw-]v-S -jb-dn-se t]m-fm -kv-]yq-dn-bn 1761, B-K-Ãv 17- -\v P-\n- ti-cnbp-ss ]n-xm-hpw ]n-xm-a-l-\pw {Km-a-Øn-se Bw- n- Nm-cn- n kv-iq-fn-se A-[ym-]-I-cm-bn-cp- p. A-hn-sS-bm-Wv ti-cn {]m-yan-i hn-zym-`ym-kw sn-bv-x-xv. A- Xn-\p-ti-j-ap- -sx- mw ti-cn kz-bw A-`y-kn- -Xm-Wv. A-t±-l- Øn-s am-xm-]n-xm- -fm-b F-Uva- pw F-en-k-s_-Øpw hn-izmk-øn Xo-jv-W-X-bp- -h-cm-bncp- p. hm-b-\ h-f-sc C-jv-S-s - n-cp- C- y-bn-se Zp-c-h-ÿ ti-cn {]-Ir-Xn \n-co- -W- Øn-epw _- -{i- -\m-bn-cp- p. kp-lr-zv-_- -ap- H-cp s\-bv- Øp-Im-c ti-cn-sb {Ko- n-s - bpw e-øo-\n-s -bpw A-Sn-ÿm- \-]m-t-߃ ]Tn- n- p. ]-Xn-\memw h-b- n H-cp sn-cp- p-ip- Øn-bp-sS Io-gn A-{] o-km-bn tn - p. Nn-e h -j-߃- p-tijw A-h H-cp _m-]v- n-ãv k-`bn Aw-K-am-Ip-I-bpw Nn-e sndn-b k-`-i-fp-ss ip-{iq-j- m-c-\mhp-i-bpw sn-bv-xp. H-cp {Km-ao-W hn-zym-e-b-øn A-[ym-]-I-\m- hn-eyw ti-cn C- y-bn Im-ep-Ip-Øp-tºm-gp- C- y-bn-se hn-zym-`ym-k-cw-k-sø A-h-ÿ F- m-bn-cp- p? hn-im aw-k -hm-un-bp-ss hn-eyw ti-cn & dn-sp-\-td-j Hm-^v C -Uy F- {K-Ÿ-Øn-s A-h-Xm-cn-I-bn `m-c-xo-b Z-fn-Xv km-ln-xy A- m-z-an-bp-ss tz-io-b {]-kn-u v tum.-tkm-l -]m kp-a-\m- ]-d-bp- -Xv C-Xn-te- v sh-fn- w ho-ip- -Xm-Wv: Z-fn-X-sc hn-zym-`ym-kw sn-øn- p-i F- a-lm-b-xv-\-øn _-lp-am-\y-\m-b hn-eyw ti-cn 18- mw \q- m- n {]-Z -in- n- A- km-[m-c-w-am-b ss[-cyw F-s A- p-x-s -Sp-Øp- p. A- m-e- Øv C- y k-aq-lw an- -hm-dpw ssl-μ-h-k-aq-l-øn-se ta - Ø- p-im-cp-ss B-[n-]-Xy-Øn Io-gm-bn-cp- p. a-\p-kv-ar-xn-bn-se hy-h-ÿ-i-fp-ss t]-cn Z-fn-X-sc H-cn- -epw hn-zym-`ym-k-ÿm-]- \-ß-fn {]-th-in- n- n-cp- n-. am-{x-a-, A-h - v th-zw D-cp-hn-Sp- -Xn-t\m tiƒ- p- -Xnt\m- t]m-ep-ap- A-\p-hm-Zw D- m-bn-cp- n-. B-sc- n-epw tiƒ- p-hm {i-an- m A-bm-fp-sS sn-hn-bn Cu-bw D-cp- n H-gn- - W-sa- pw B-sc- n-epw D-cp-hn- m \m-hp ap-dn- p I-f-b-W-sa- pam-bn-cp- p \n-b-aw. C-Ø-cw In-cm-X-am-b hy-h-ÿ-iƒ \n-e-\n- ncp- -t m-gm-wv hn-eyw ti-cn Z-fn-X-sc hn-zym-`ym-kw sn-øn- p-hm ss[-cy-s - -Xv. A-Xv Cu-Ãv C- ym I-º-\n-bp-sS A-[n-Im-cn-I-sf tim-]m-ip-e-cm- n. ta -Ø- p-im-cm-b k-h -Æ ln-μp- -fp-ss ]- cm-xn-sb-øp-s - v Cu-Ãv C- ym I-º-\n ti-cn-sb ]-e-x-h-w Xm- o-xp- sn-bv-xp-sh- n-epw A-t±-lw bm-sxm-cp ho- p-hn-nm-chpw Iq-Sm-sX Z-fn-X-cp-sS hn-zym-`ym-k-hp-am-bn ap-tºm- p-t]m-bn. hneyw ti-cn-bp-ss tk-h-\-ß-sf Z-fn-X F- m-e-hpw Hm -Ωn- p-i- X-s sn-øpw. bpw A-ev-]-\m-fp-Iƒ {]-h -Øn- p-i-bp- m-bn. H-cp sn-cp- p-ip- Øn-bm-bpw A-[ym-]-I-\m-bpw k- `m-ip-{iq-j-i-\m-bpw t\m -Ømw- ]v-s -j-b-dn-se {Km-ao-W ta-je-bn Nn-e h -j-߃ {]-h - Øn- -Xn-\p-ti-jw ti-cn H-cp ]p-xn-b B-flo-b-{]-h -Ø- \-hp-am-bn se-bv-si-ã-dn-te- v \o-ßn. A-hn-sS ti-cn-bp-ss im-kv-{xob A-`n-\n-th-i-ß-sf ]-cn-t]m-jn- n- p- -Xn-\m-h-iy-am-b km-l-ncyw e-`n- p-i-bp- m-bn. ss-en-kvtim- p-i-fpw C-e-Iv-{Sn- D-]- I-c-W-ß-fpw sse-{_-dn-bp-sa- map- se-bv-si-ã-dn-se ^n-temk-^n- C -kv- n- yq- n \-S- {]-`m-j-w-ß-fn-epw N - -Ifn-epw A-t±-lw -]- p-sim- p. Cu h -j-ß-fn-se- mw ti-cn hntz-i-`m-jm-]-t-\-øn {]-txy-i {i- ]-Xn- n- p-i-bpw tpm-{k-^nbn-epw ln-ã-dn-bn-epw k-b -knep-ap- X-s A-dn-hv hn-kv-xr- X-am- p-i-bpw sn-bv-xp-sim- ncp- p. k-ky- -P- p-pm-e-ß-sf- p-dn- p- ]T-\-Øn ti-cn-bv- v {]- txy-i Xm-ev-]-cy-ap- m-bn-cp- p. k-b -kv, N-cn-{Xw, I-S bm-{x- Iƒ F- n-h-sb- p-dn- v Xo- v- W-am-b hm-b-\ A-t±-l-Øn-\p- m-bn-cp- p. 14- mw h-b- n- -Øs kz- D-]-Po-h-\-Øn-\p-th- n ti-cn A-[zm-\n- m Xp-Sßn-bn-cp- p. B-Zyw H-cp Im -jn- I-sXm-gn-em-fn-bm-bpw ]n- o-sv H- cp sn-cp- p-ip-øn-bp-ss A-{] okm-bpw. {Ko- v `m-jm-]-t-\-tømssm- w kz- -am-b ss_-_nƒ ]T-\-hpw A-t±-lw B-cw-`n- p. sum-tdm-øn πm- - n-s\ ti-cn hn-hm-lw sn-bv-xp ticn _m-]v- n-ãv ip-{iq-j-i-cm-b tpm k- v- n-^v, tpm ssdem v, B -{Uq ^p- F- nh-sc I- p-ap- n. C-Xn-t\m-S-Iw A-t±-lw kp-hn-ti-jw {]-kw-kn- p-hm-\pw lo-{_p, U- v, {^- v F- o `m-j-iƒ ]Tn- m-\pw Xp- S-ßn-bn-cp- p. tem-i-kp-hn-ti-jh-xv- -c-ww kw-_- n- v Xm {]-kn- o-i-cn- F -Iz-b-dn A- t±-l-øn-s an-j tã- v-sa v B-bn-cp- p. kp-hn-ti-j-{]-n-c- Wm -Yw H-cp _m-]v- n-ãv skmssk- n ÿm-]n- p-i F- B- i-bw A-t±-lw ap-tºm- p-h- p. A- Xv a- p Nn-e - pw kzo-im-cy-am-bn. A-ß-s\-bm-Wv _m-]v- n-ãv an-j skm-ssk- n B-cw-`n- -Xv. C- ybm-bn-cp- p A-t±-l-Øn-s a-\- n-ep- an-j ^o -Uv. A-ß-s\-bm-Wv ti-cn, Ip-Spw- _-k-ta-xw tpm txm-a- n-t\mssm- w C- y-bn-te- v bm-{x-bmb-xv. 1793, \-hw-_ 11- -\v A-h I - -Ø-bn F-Øn-t - p. F- m h-f-sc {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-b H-cp km-l-n-cy-am-wv C- y-bn ti-cn-sb {]-Xo- n- n-cp- -Xv. {_n- o-jv A-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ an-j-wdn-am-cp-ss h-c-hn h-f-sc tcm-jm- Ip-e-cm-bn. A-h-sc A-d-kv- p-snbv-xv Xn-cn- -b-bv- p-hm -t]m-epw A-h {i-an- p. ]-e-hn-[ {]-Xn-k- n-iƒ ti-cn-bv- v C- y-bn A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t - n-h- p. F- m I -Øm-hn B-{i-bn- v {]-iv-\-ß-sf A-Xn-Po-hn- p-hm ti-cn-bv- v I-gn- p. kz- w A- [zm-\n- m-wv A-t±-lw an- -hmdpw km-º-øn-i B-h-iy-߃ \n-d-th- n-bn-cp- -Xv. A-ev-]-Im-ew h-en-sbm-cp hn-zym-`ym-k hn-n-j-w-\m-bn-cp- hneyw ti-cn ss_-_nƒ F- ]p-kv-x-i-øn-s a-\p-jy Iq-sS-bm-bn-cp- p. 45- A-[n-Iw `mj-i-fn-ep- ss_-_nfp-iƒ sk-dm-ºq-cn -\n- pw {]-kn- o-i-cn- p-ibp- m-bn. A-h-bn 38 F-Æw sk-dm-ºq-cn -\n- p-x-s ]-cn-`m-j-s - Sp-Øn-b-h-bm-Wv. ti-cn kz- -am-bn, `m-kn-i-amtbm ]q -Æ-am-tbm, 29 `m-j-i-fn ]-cn-`m-j \n -h-ln- p-i-bp- mbn. p-i-bpw ss_-_nƒ _w-km-fnbn-te- v ]-cn-`m-j-s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw sn-bv-xp. 1800, P-\p-h-cn 10 C- y {]n nßv N-cn-{X-Øn-se H-cp kp-{]-[m- \ Zn-\-am-bn-cp- p. A- m-wv ticn-bpw kp-lr-øp- -fpw sk-dm- ºq an-j {]- v B-cw-`n- -Xv. km-º-øn-i sr-cp- -hpw Cu- Ãv C- y I-º-\n-bp-sS i-{xp-xzhpw ]-e-cpw tcm-kn-i-fm-bn a-c-ws - p-sim- n-cp- -Xp-sa- mw skdm-ºq an-j A-\p-`-hn- h- enb sh- p-hn-fn-i-fm-bn-cp- p. F- m Um-\n-jv K-h-s n-s k-lm-b-hpw tu-hn-uv {_u, tpm -Pv D-Uv-\n Xp-S-ßn-b kv-t\- ln-x- m-cp-ss k-lm-b-hp-sa- mw {]-Xn-_- -ß-sf X-c-Ww sn-øphm ti-cn-sb k-lm-bn- p. h - j-߃- p- n sk-dm-ºq anj {]- v G-jy-bn-se G- -hpw h-en-b A- -Sn-im-e-bm-bn-Øo - p. ti-cn h-en-sbm-cp Sow eo-u B-bn-cp- p. A-\-h-[n an-j-w-dnam ]n- o-sv sk-dm-ºq an-j- \n A-t±-l-tØm-sSm- w tn-cp- I-bp- m-bn. A-h-cn {]-[m-\- s - c- p t]-cm-wv tpm-jzm am -jv-am-\pw hn-eyw hm -Upw. s\-{lp ]-d-bp- p: ""h-en-sbm-cp hn-zym-`ym-k hn- N-j-W-\m-bn-cp- hn-eyw ti-cn ss_-_nƒ F- ]p-kv-x-i-øns a-\p-jy Iq-sS-bm-bn-cp- p. 45- A-[n-Iw `m-j-i-fn-ep- ss_-_n-fp-iƒ sk-dm-ºq-cn -\n- pw {]-kn- o-i-cn- p-i-bp- mbn. A-h-bn 38 F-Æw sk-dm- ºq-cn -\n- p-x-s ]-cn-`m-j-s - Sp-Øn-b-h-bm-Wv. ti-cn kz- -ambn, `m-kn-i-am-tbm ]q -Æ-am-tbm, 29 `m-j-i-fn ]-cn-`m-j \n -hln- p-i-bp- m-bn.'' C- y `m-j-i-fp-ss hn-i-k- \-Øn-\v sk-dm-ºq an-j-w-dn-amcp-ss a-l-øm-b kw-`m-h-\-sb hy- -am- p- -Xm-Wv P-hm-l - em s\-{lp-hn-s H-cp {]-kv-xmh-\: km-[y-am-b F- m `m-j-ifn-te- pw ss_-_nƒ ]-cn-`m-js -Sp-Øp-hm-\p- ss{i-kv-x-han-j-w-dn-am-cp-ss Xr-jv-W A-\- h-[n `m-j-i-fp-ss hn-i-k-\-øn- \v Im-c-W-am-bn h-sc {_n- o-jp-im bmsxm-cp ss{i-kv-x-h-an-j-w-dn-amsc-bpw C- y-bn {]-h -Øn- phm A-\p-h-Zn- n-cp- n-. F- m Cu-Ãv C- ym I-º-\n-bpsS Nm - ]p-xp- n-b-t mƒ {]- kv-xp-x \n-tcm-[-\w \o- p-i-bp- m-bn. A-ß-s\ Iq-Sp-X the- m - v sk-dm-ºq-cn-se-øphm h-gn Xp-d- p. am-xr-`m-j-i-fp-ss hn-i-k-\w C- y-bn-se am-xr-`m-j-i-fpss hn-i-k-\-øn-\v Du- sim- Sp-Øp F- -Xm-Wv sk-dm-ºq anj-w-dn-am-cp-ss a-s m-cp kw-`m-h- \. b-ym -Y-Øn, `m-j-bpw B- i-b-hn-\n-a-b-hpw a-\p-jy-s B- h-iy-ß-fpw h-f-sc _- -s - -hbm-wv. \-Ωp-sS km-aq-ly-hpw km- º-Øn-I-hpw cm-jv-{so-b-hpw kmwkv- m-cn-i-hpw B-flo-b-hp-am-b B-h-iy-߃ \n-d-th- p- -Xn-\pth- n-bm-w-t m \mw B-i-b-hn- \n-a-bw \-S-Øp- -Xv. A-Xp-sIm- v H-cp cm-jv-{s-øn-s k -h-txm- -p-j-am-b h-f - -bn `m-j Poh -{]-[m-\ ]- p h-ln- p- p. cm-py-sø F- m-h - pw a-\- n-em-i-ø- -hn-[-ap- H-cp s]m-xp-`m-j C- y-bn H-cn- epw D- m-bn- n-. A-t\-I-h -j- m-ew kw-kv-ir-x-øn-\v {]m-ap- A-t±-lw H-cp C -Un-tKm ^m- Iv-S-dn-bn-epw tpm-en sn-øp-i-bp- m-bn. F- m {]-Xn-Iq-e km-l- N-cy-ß-fp-sS-bpw \-Sp-hn ti-cn Jyw D- m-bn-cp- p F- n-epw _w-km-fn-bpw kw-kv-ir-x-hpw ]Tn- ti-jw t]-pv 8

5 5 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Ih -tãm-dn axhpw a-\p-jy\pw Unkw_ 05 ssd v. dh.- kæn G{_lmw Ncn-{X-Øn kw`-hn- -sx mw \ -Xn-\p-th- n F v ]d-bp- Xv shdpsx Aßp ]d-bp- -h pw, Pohn-X-Øn bmsxmcp \jvshpw thz-\bpw A\p-`-hn- møh pw F mw \ -Xn\v F p ]d-bp- -Xn _p n-ap- n-. [\w, am\w, Poh, kz -s - -h-cpss th ]m- Sv, NXn, h -\-bn AI-s v PohnXw Zpcn-X-]q Æ-cm-b-h, tcmkw, A]-I-S-߃ aqew PohnX Zpcn-X-߃ A\p-`-hn- -h Ch-scm pw Xß-fpsS Ncn-{X-Øn kw`-hn- -sx- mw \ -Xn\v F p ]d-bp-i-bn-. NmXp h Æy-Øns t]cn a\p-jy-k-aqlw A\p-`-hn-t - n-h ]ou-ifpw ]ou-\-ßfpw \ -Xn-s\ v Fßs\ ]d-bm Ignbpw? \mk-km- nbnepw lntcm-jn-a-bnepw B w-t_mw_v h jn- -s - Xv \ -Xn-s\- pw, \ -Xm-bn-t mbn F pw kpt_m-[-ap Hcp a\p-jy\pw G p-]-d-bp-i-bn-. \Ωp-sS X-e-bn Bcpw h-c- n- n a-x-߃ a-\p-jy-s\ h- n- p p X-߃- -dn-bm ]m-sn- m- Ø hn-j-b-ß-sf- p-dn- v B-[n- Im-cn-I-am-bpw D-d- m-bpw A-`n-{]mbw ]-d-bm, A-Xv i-cn-sbm sxt m F- v Nn- n- m-sx X-s s]m-xp-p-\-ß-fp-ss ta A-Snt - n- m {i-an- p- A-]- Iz-hpw hn-i-e-hp-am-b a-\- pw Nn- -I-fp-am-bn hn-e-kp- -h C- v A-[n-I-am-Wv. a-x-sø-bpw B- ym-fln-i-x-sb-bpw kw-_- n- v A-Ø-cw Nn-e {]-kv-xm-h-\-iƒ Ip-dn- p- p. 1. a- p a-x-ß-sf B-Z-cn- - Ww, 2. F- m a-x-ß-fpw ssz-h- Øn-s {]-h -Øn-bm-Wv. 3. k- I-e a-x-ß-fn-epw I -Ω-\n-c-X-\mbn [ -Ωw ]p-e -Øp- -Xv sszh-am-wv. 4. Xq-Wn-epw Xp-cp-ºn-epw Cu-iz-c h-kn- p- p. 5. F- m Po-h-Pm-e-ß-fn-epw Cu-iz-c-ssN- X-\yw \n-e-\n-ev- p- p. 6. Im-Wp- -Xpw Im-Wm-Ø-Xp-am-b k-ie-xpw `-K-hm-s eo-em-hn-em-kß-fm-wv. 7. G-Xp a-x-øn hniz-kn- m-epw k-i-e-cpw k-i-e- Xpw sn-s -Øp- c- m-ti-{μw Cu-iz-c-\m-Wv. 8. \mw G-h-cpw hn-e-bw {]m-]n- p- -Xv ]-c-{_- - am-b Cu-iz-c-\n-em-Wv. 9. N-cn-{X- Øn C- p-h-sc am-\-h-pm-xn- p kw-`-hn- -sx- mw \- -Xn-\pth- n-bm-wv. 10. C-\n-bpw kw-`hn- m-\n-cn- p- -Xpw \- -Xp-Xt. 11. F- m a-x-ß-fpw H-tc k- Xyw X-s -bm-wv ]Tn- n- p- - Xv. 12. G-Xp a-x-ti-{μ-ß-fn {]m - n- m-epw ^-ew H- p-xt. 13. X-Xz-a-kn, A-lw {_- m-kv-an \o X-s -bm-wv Cuiz-c. c- n- H-t -bp- q. \mapw Cu-iz-c-\pw H- p-x-s -bm- Wv. 14. Cu tem-i-øn -\n- pw am-dn Po-hn- p- -Xm-Wv tam- w t\-sm-\p- G-I h-gn. 15. {io-_p- -\v m-t\m-z-bw {]m-]n- -Xpt]m-se \mw F- mw m-t\m- Z-bw {]m-]n-t -Ww. 16. Hm-tcmcp-Ø - pw Hm-tcm X-te-h-c D- v. A-h-\-h-s hn-[n-bm-wv \mw C- v Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cn-epw Im-Wp- -Xvv. X-e-th-c am- m ]- n G-sX- n-epw Xo - m-s-\ ti-{μ- Øn t]m-bn Cu-iz-c tk-h-bpw ]q-p-bpw t\ - -I-fpw I-gn- m-sx c- -bn ]m-]-]-cn-lm-c-øn- \m-bn _-en-i -Ω-߃ \-S-Ø- Ww, kz-bw ]o-un- n- -s -S-Ww A-Xn-s `m-k-am-bn Xo - m-s- \-Øn-s \-S- v, i-co-cw Z-Wv-Un- n- p-i (iq-ew Ip-Øv), K-cp-V Xq- w, k-xn, \-c-_-en, t\ - - Im-gv-N-Iƒ, `- -Ww sh-sn-b, Ip-Spw-_-Po-hn-Xw D-t]- n- C-h-sbm-s ssz-h-øn-\p {]- kmz-i-c-am-b ]p-wy-{]-h -Øn-Ifm-Wv. 19. tz-ho-tz-h- m-scm-s km- m `-K-hm-s ]p-wy A- h-xm-c-ß-fm-wv. 20. tem-i-n-cn-{x- Øn a-\p-jy-\m-bn A-h-X-cn- tb-ip-{in-kv-xp-hn am-{x-ta a-\pjy-h - -Øn-\v tam- -hpw \n-xyc- -bpw D- m-hp-i-bp- q F- v ]-d-bp- -Xv i-cn-b-. ap-i-fn - -d- {]-kv-xm-h-\- I-fpw hn-izm-k-ß-fpw X-Xz-Nn- - I-fpw Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cp-sS t_m-[yß-fp-sa- mw I- p-h- \p-w-bm- Wv, N-Xn-bm-Wv. a-\p-jy-s\ h- n- v X-ß-fp-sS Cw-Kn-X-Øn-\v hn-t[-b-s -Sp-Øm _p- n-am- mcm-b a-\p-jy I- p-]n-sn- Hmtcm X-{ -ß-fn-se D-]m-b-߃ am-{x-a-. bm-ym - y-ß-tfm-sv bm-sxm-cp _- -hp-an- m-ø Cu t_m-[y-߃ a-\p-jy-s\ A- - hn-izm-kn-bm- n `-b-øn-epw \ncm-i-bn-epw Po-hn-Xw X- n-\o- m im-]-øn-te- v ho-gv-øp- p. a-\p-jy ssz-h-km-zr-iy- Øn kr-jv-sn- -s - H-cp hnti-j-s - hy- n-xz-ap- -h-\m- Wv. t\-sc-snm-tδ Nn- n- p-ibpw Po-hn- p-i-bpw Po-hn-X-sØ Po-hn- p- ssz-h-hp-am-bn _- - s - v ap-t -dp- -Xn-\m-Wv a-\p-jy- \v Nn- m-i- n-bpw _p- n-bpw hn-th-n-\-øn-s -bpw hn-th-i- Øn-s -bpw kp-t_m-[w \ -Inbn-cn- p- -Xv. a-\p-jy-s\ kpt_m-[-an- m-ø-h-\pw A- -hnizm-kn-bp-am- n X-f -Øn \n-cmi-\m- m-\m-wv ssz-h-øn-s {]- Xn-tbm-Kn-bm-b km-øm-\pw A- h-s ssk-\y-øn-se ]n-im-np- -fpw {i-an- p- -Xv. A-ß-s\ ]n-im-np- -fn a-\p-jy hn-izkn- p- -Xn-\m-bn hn-hn-[ a-x-ti- {μ-ß-fn A- p-x-ß-fpw A-Sbm-f-ß-fpw Im-Wn- m km- Øm X-{X-s -Sp- p. F-hn-sS k- Xy-ssZ-h-Øn-s B-flm-hn C- Ø-cw Zp-jv-S-i- n-iƒ-s -Xn-sc ssz-h-hn-izm-kn-iƒ im-kn- m A-h-bp-sS i- n-bn- m-xm-ipw. A-Ø-cw H-cp ip-{iq-j-bn-te- v \mapw Cuiz-c\pw H p-x-s -sb- n ]ns Bcm-[\ th, Bcm-[-\m-tI-{μ-߃ th m, {]XnjvT th, Xo m-s\w th. F m Alw {_ m-kvanbpw XXza-knbpw ]d-bp- -h Xs api-fn d- sx mw snøp- p- v. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn CXpw Hcp XXz-Nn am{x-am-wv. krjvsn thsd {kjvsmhv thsd. a\p-jy\pw sszhhpw H p-x-s -b-, c pw c m-wv. sszh-øn-s\m- w a\p-jy\pw F p ]d-bp- -Xv, a\p-jy\pw sszhw F \ne-]m-snse-øpw. krjvsn-bmb a\p-jy {kjvsmhp-iq-sn-bm-wv F p ]d-bp- Xv sszh-\maw hrym FSp- p-i-bmwv. CXp ambv m-\mhmø ]m]-øn\pw ISpØ sszh-in- bv pw Imc-W-amIpw. {]-th-in- m, ssz-h-øn-s Iq- p-{]-h -Ø-I-\m-bn-cn- p- -Xn-\v ssz-hw a-\p-jy-sc A-t\z-jn- p- I-bm-Wv. ap-i-fn sim-sp-øn-cn- p- {]-kv-xm-h-\-iƒ Hm-tcm- m-bn \- ap- p ]-cn-tim-[n- mw. 1. a- p a- X-ß-sf B-Z-cn- -W-sa- v ]-dbp- -Xn bp- n-bn-, km-am-\y- _p- n- v \n-c- p- -X-. a-x- ߃ F- -Xv Hm-tcm A-`n-{]m-b߃ (opinions) B-Wv. A-`n-{]mb-߃ Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cpw a-\- n- em- n-b hn-[-øn-em-wv A-h-Xcn- n- p- -Xv. \ym-b-a- m-ø-xpw sx- m-b-xp-am-b A-`n-{]m-b-߃, Xn-I- pw a-\p-jy-s \n-e-\n-ev-]ns\ tnm-zyw sn-øp- a-x-߃, A-\o-Xn-bpw A-\ym-b-hpw \n-d- -Xv, A-[m -Ωn-I-hpw k-xy-hncp- -hp-am-b-xv, A- -Im-c-i- n- I-tfm-Spw km-øm -tk-h-tbm-sp _- -s - -Xp-am-b-Xv, am-\p-jn-i _- -߃- v ]m-c ]-Wn-bp- - Xv Xp-S-ßn A-]-I-Sw-]n-Sn- D-]- {Z-h-Im-cn-I-fm-b a-x-ß-fp- v. C- h-sb-sbm-s B-Z-cn- -Ww Aw- Ko-I-cn- -Ww F- v ]-d-bp- -Xv kp-t_m-[-an- m-ø-h-cm-bn-cn- pw. a-x-ß-sf-b- G-Xp a-x-øn-epws]- a-\p-jy-sc-bm-wv B-Z-cn-t - -Xv, kv-t\-ln-t - -Xv, tk-hnt - -Xv. 2. F- m a-x-ß-fn-epw ssz-h- {]-h -Øn-bm-Wv \-S- p- -sx- v ]-d-bp- -Xv a-x-ß-sf- - n-tbm, A- Xn-s ^n-tem-k-^n-sb- - n bp- A- -X-bm-Wv. N-cn-{X-Øn- Hm-tcm a-x-ß-fpw F- p {]- h -Øn- p F-ß-s\ {]-h -Øn- p F-s m-s ]Tn- p-tºmƒ A-Xn-sem- pw ssz-hn-i-am-b-xv F-s - n-epw Im-Wm I-gn-bp- I-bn-. A-Xp-sIm- v a-x-ß-sf- mw ssz-h-øn-s {]-h -Øn-bpsS {]-Xo-I-ß-fm-sW- v ]-d-bp- -Xv A-dn-hn- m-bv-a-bpw A- - X-bpw aq-e-am-wv. 3. Hm-tcm a-x-ß-fn-epw k-xv- {]-h -Øn-Iƒ [m -Ωn-I {]-h - Øn-Iƒ, tk-h-\ {]-h -Øn-Iƒ C-sXm-s Z -in-s - n-cn- mw. A-\p-Iq-e km-l-n-cy-ß-fn am- {X-am-bn-cn- pw A-h A-ß-s\ sn-øp- -Xv. X-߃ hn-iz-kn- p- -Xn-s\-Xn-cm-bn a- m-sc- n-epw ]- d-bp-i-tbm X-ß-fp-sS Zp-jv-{]-h - Øn-Iƒ- pw A-\o-Xn {]-h -Øn- Iƒ- pw F-Xn-cm-bn {]-h -Øn- p-i-tbm sn-øp-tºmƒ, [m -Ωn- I {]-am-w-ß-sf-sb- mw ]p-dtim-s -dn-bp- -Xv Im-Wmw. km- Øm-\pw sh-fn- Zq-X-s th-j- Øn {]-h -Øn- v a-\p-jy-sc X- s ]- -Øp-\n -Øm {i-an- mw. 4. k-i-e N-cm-N-c-ß-fn-epw, Hm-tcm A-Wp-hn-epw (atom) Cuiz-c IpSn-sIm- p p F- p ]d-bp- Xv Hcp XXz-Nn am-{x-am-wv. Hmtcm AWp-hnepw t{]mt m, \yqt{sm, Ce- Ivt{Sm Ds v ]d- m AXv kb kv am{x-am-wv. AXn- Du w (Energy) Du - w D- Xp-sIm v AhnsS i n (power) {]-I-S-am-Ipw. i- n-sb ssz-h-sa- v hn-fn- p- -h - v A- Xn-\p- kzm-x-{ y-ap- v. F- m hm-kv-x-h-a-x- F- v sszh-sø- p-dn- v ]-cn- m-\w t\- Sn-b-h ]-d-bpw. H- mw m- n- se Ip- n ]Tn- p-h- n-cn- p- -Xpt]m-se-bn-cn- -bn- -t m. 10- mw m- n-se Ip- n a-\- n-em- p- Xv. 5. {]-]- -Øn-se k-i-e krjv-sn-bpw {k-jv-sm-hm-b ssz-h-øns I-c-hn-cp-Xm-Wv. \- -{X-k-aql-߃, tkm-f-tkm-fm- -c-߃, Po-h-\n- m-ø h-kv-xp- ƒ, B- flm-hn- m-ø (soul) ar-k-]- n-e- Xm-Zn-Iƒ, B-flm-hp- a-\pjy C-sX- mw ssz-hn-i kr-jv- Sn-I-fm-Wv. kr-jv-sn-pm-e-ß-sf- mw ssz-h-øn-s kr-jv-sn-i-fm- Wv. F- mw a-\p-jy-zr-jv-sn-bn a-t\m-l-c-hpw, A-h -Æ-\o-b-hpam-b A- p-x {]-Xn-`m-k-߃ X- s. A-Xn-\ - w C-h-bn-se- mw Cu-iz-c-ssN-X-\yw ]-cn-e-kn- p- p F- v ]-d-bp- -Xv Hm-tcmcp-Ø-cp-sS-bpw Im-hym-fl-I (poetic) hn-h-c-w-߃ am-{xw. A- Xn- ssz-hn-i-x I-ev-]n- v Nm - tø- -Xn-. 6. G-sX- n-epw kw-`-h-߃, Im-gv-N-Iƒ, {]-Xn-`m-k-߃, kw- `-h-]-c-º-c-iƒ, bm-zr- n-i kw- `-h-߃, A- p-x {]-h -Øn- Iƒ, N-cn-{X-]-T-\-Øn sx-fn-hm- Ip- K-Xn-hn-K-Xn-Iƒ, {]-Ir-Xn Zp-c- -߃, D-Ø-cw I-s -Øm- \m-hm-ø k-a-ky-iƒ, F- mw t\m- n- m-wp- a-\p-jy A- p-x-]-c-x-{ -\m-bn \n- v A-hkm-\-sØ hm- m-bn ]-d- p Xr-]v-Xn-s -Sp- -Xv F- mw ambm-pm-ew F- mw Cu-iz-c-s am-bm-hn-em-k-߃ F-s m-s bm-wv a-\p-jy ]-d- p B-izkn- m-\pw Xr-]v-Xn-s -Sm-\pw {ian- p- -Xv. bm-ym - y-ß-fn \n- p- H-fn-t m- -am-tb C-Xns\ Im-Wm-\m-hq. 7. a-\p-jy A-h-\m-bn-cn- p- A-h-ÿ-bn, I -Ω-ti-jn \-jv-s-s - -h-\m-bn, C-cn- p- C- S-Øp-\n- v F-gp-t - m-sx, Ip-f-Øn In-S- p- X-h-f-sbt m-se, C-Xn-\- p-dw H-cp tem- Iw C- F- v ]-d- v kz-bw Xr-]v-Xn-s -Sp-hm {i-an- p- -Xv a-sn-b- m-cp-ss kz-`m-h-am-wv. atb- m-cp-ss A-h-ÿ-bm-Wv. \mw F-hn-sS-bm-bn-cn- p-t m F- mbn-cn- p-t m A-Xn \n- pw sa- -s - A-h-ÿ-bp-s - n A- Xn-te- v sn-s -Øm-\p- {ia-am-wv th- -Xv. In- n-b-xp-sim- v Xr-]v-Xn-s - n-cn- p- -Xn-epw ]p-xn-b I- p-]n-sn-ø-ß-fn-te- p- ssp-{x-bm-{x-bm-wv am-\- h-pm-xn-bp-ss ]p-tcm-k-xn-bn \mw Z -in- p- -Xv. Im-f-h- nbn k- -cn- n-cp- a-\p-jy F-ß-s\ hm-bp-hn k- -cn- mw F- v Nn- n- v ]-co- -W߃ \-S-Øn-b-Xp-sIm- m-wv

6 6 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Ih -tãm-dn axhpw a\p-jy\pw Unkw_ 05 hnam-\-øn bm-{x sn-øm-\m-b- Xv. A-t\z-j-W-ß-fpw I- p-]n- Sp-Ø-ß-fpw th- F- p ]-d-bp- -h - v F- mw H- p-x-t F- p ]-d- v Xr-]v-Xn-s -Smw. 8. G-h-cpw H-Sp-hn sn-s - Øp- -Xv Cu-iz-c-\n-em-Wv F- v ]-d-bp- -Xv F- m-h - pw k- t m-j-hpw kw-xr-]v-xn-bpw \ - Ip- k-tμ-i-am-wv. A-ß-s\- sbm-cp kw-`-hw \-S- p- n-s - nepw, Cu tem-i-øn \n- v Poh am- -s -Sp-tºmƒ Cu-iz-ct\m-Sp e-bn- p-sa- v tiƒ- p- - Xv Po-hn- n-cn- p- -h - pw, a-cn- m H-cp-ßn-s m- n-cn- p- k-i-e Po-h-\p- -h - pw tiƒ- m-\pw ]-d-bm-\pw kp-j-ap- k-tμ-i-am-wv. kr-jv-sn kr-jv-snbpw {k-jv-sm-hv {k-jv-sm-hp-am-wv. H-cn- -epw kr-jv-sn-bm-b a-\pjy {k-jv-sm-hm-b ssz-h-øn A-en- p-tn-cp- n-. Nn-e X-Xz- Nn- -Iƒ h- p-]p-e -Øp- -h - v C-sXm-s - -d- v P-\-ß-sf h- n- -bpw X-ß-fp-sS ]- -Øv ]n-sn- p-\n -Øm-\pw C-Xp-a-Xn-bm- Ipw. 9. N-cn-{X-Øn kw-`-hn- -sx- mw \- -Xn-\p-th- n F- v ]-dbp- -Xv sh-dp-sx A-ßp ]-d-bp- -h - pw, Po-hn-X-Øn bmsxm-cp \-jv-s-hpw th-z-\-bpw A- \p-`-hn- m-ø-h - pw F- mw \- -Xn-\v F- p ]-d-bp- -Xn _p- n-ap- n-. [-\w, am-\w, Po-h, kz- -s - -h-cp-ss th -]m-sv, N-Xn, h- -\-bn A-I-s - v Po-hn-Xw Zp-cn-X-]q -Æ-cm-b-h, tcm-kw, A- ]-I-S-߃ aq-ew Po-hn-X Zp-cn-X߃ A-\p-`-hn- -h C-h-scm- pw X-ß-fp-sS N-cn-{X-Øn kw-`-hn- -sx- mw \- -Xn-\v F- p ]-d-bp-i-bn-. Nm-Xp -h -Æy-Øns t]-cn a-\p-jy-k-aq-lw A- \p-`-hn-t - n-h- ]o-u-i-fpw ]o-u-\-ß-fpw \- -Xn-s\- v F- ß-s\ ]-d-bm I-gn-bpw? \m-kkm- n-bn-epw ln-tcm-jn-a-bn-epw B- w-t_mw-_v h -jn- -s - -Xv \- -Xn-s\- pw, \- -Xm-bn-t m-bn F- pw kp-t_m-[-ap- H-cp a- \p-jy-\pw G- p-]-d-bp-i-bn-. Cu bm{x shfn- -Øn-te 10. C-\n-bpw kw-`-hn- m-\n-cn- p- -Xp \- -Xm-bn-cn- -W-sa- n a-\p-jy A-h-s Po-hn- X-Øn-s Hm-tcm Np-h-Sp-I-fpw {kjv-sm-hm-b ssz-h-tøm-sp- _- -Øn B-tem-Nn- v {]-h -Øn- -Ww. s_- pw t{_- p-an- m- Ø h- n-t]m-se F-ß-s\-bpw Po-hn- p-xo - m-\p- -X- a-\pjy-po-hn-xw. a-\p-jy kz-bw kw-kv-i-cn-s -Sp- p- Po-hn-Xssi-en-bpw Po-hn-X-aq-ey-ß-fpw Im-Øp-kq- n- p-tºmƒ am-{xta `m-hn tim-`-\-am-iq. A-X- msx h-cp- n-s-øp Im-Wmw F- v ]-d- v kz-bw Ip-gn-bn F-Sp- Øp-Nm-Sp- -h-sc-t m-se-bm-bm A-]-I-Sw Xo -, ]-cn- p ]- n In- S- -bn B-Imw F- p am-{xw. kp-t_m-[w \-jv-s-s - m A-hnsS-bpw F- mw \- -Xn-\p-th- n F- v D-cp-hn-Sp-I-bpw sn-ømw. 11. a-x-߃ F- mw Hm-tcm A- `n-{]m-b-ß-fm-wv. H-cp a-x-øn-epw k-xyw A-Xn-s ]q -Æ-X-bn-en-. F- m A-`n-{]m-b-ß-fpw A- t\z-j-w-ß-fp-ss \n-e-hm-c-øn am-{x-am-wv. k-xym-t\z-j-w- Øn k-xyw I-s -Øm {ian- p- -tx-bp- q. A-Xp-t]m-se F- m a-x-ß-fn-epw Ip-sd k-xyß-fpw bm-ym - y-ß-fpw D- mbn-cn- m-sa- n-epw A-sXm- pw a- \p-jy-s\ F-ßpw sim-s -Øn- -bn-. ]q -Æ B-tcm-Ky-tØmsS C-cn-t - a-\p-jy-\v ]-Ip- Xn B-tcm-Ky-tØm-sS Po-hn- m \-S- m t]m-epw ti-jn-bn- m- Ø-h-\m-bn-cn- mw. ]q -Æ-X-bm- Wv I-s -tø- -Xv. F-hn-sS ]q -Æ-X sh-fn-s - n-cn- p- pthm A-Xn-s\ Im- n-ø- m A- Xp kzo-i-cn- -bm-wv th- -Xv. Ip-d- -]- w I-Æp Xp-d- p Im-Wp- -Xn-\pw kv-] -in- p- - Xn-\pw, A-\p-`-hn- m I-gn-bp-sa- n A-Xn-\pw X-øm-dm-I-Ww. A- t mƒ k-xy-sø I-s -Øn-bh-cm-bn, k-xy-øn Po-hn- m km-[n- pw. A-X-, ]- m-tcm ]- d- n- p- v, \-ap-s m-cn- -epw k-xyw I-s -Øm-\m-hn-, A-XpsIm- v k-xym-t\z-j-w-hpw th- F- \p-w ti- v hn-iz-kn- m A-Xv h-en-b \-jv-sw X-t. 12. a-x-ti-{μ-ß-fn H- pw X- {Ko v, tdmam, _m_n-tem-\y, A o-dn-b kwkv m-c-ß-fnse AØcw tzhotz-h- m-cp-ss-sbm pw t]cp-t]mepw C pw tiƒ m-\n-. a\p-jy hf v hni-kn- -t mƒ AØcw \pw- -Y-Iƒs m pw ÿm\-an- m-sx-bm-bn, a\p-jy kzx-{ -\mbn ]pwy Ah-Xm-c-߃ F v a\p-jys\ hniz-kn- n- m hnhn[ ax-ß-fn-eqss {ian- p- -sxm- pw-xs kxy-ssz-h-hp-ambn bmsxmcp _ - hp-an F p Xs -bn-, sszhni ] -Xn-Iƒ v ]mc-]-wn-bp IYm-]m-{Xß-fp-am-Wv. CXp-aqew a\p-jy kzm -\pw, h o-b-hm-znbpw kzp-\-søbpw \m p-im-scbpw ho p-im-scbpw Hcp-t]mse i{xp- -fmbn ap{z-ip-øp-ibpw snøp- p. i{xp-x, ]I, ]nw w, ]I-t]m-, i{xp-kw-lmcw F o \ne-ifn a\p-jy-cpss CS-bn i{xp-xbpw bp hpw -Wn- p-h-cp-øm kmøm CØcw hym-p sszh-ßsf ad-bm- p-ibpw snøp- p. s ssz-hw h-kn- p- n-. a-x߃ F- mw A-`n-{]m-b-߃ (opinions) XXz-Nn- -Iƒ (philosophy) am{x-am-bn-cn- -bm ax-߃ krjvsn-s -Sp- p tzho-tz-h- m km -ev]niw am{x-am-w-v. a\p-jys `mh-\- bn krjvsn-s -SpØ tzho-tzh- m, AX-s - n ]pcm-w߃, CXn-lm-k-߃ Ch-bnse mw Ah-X-cn- n- -s -Sp Cuizc k -ev]-߃, IYm-]m- {X-߃ Ch-sb-sb mw hn{k-lß-fm- n, aq Ø `mhw \ In hnhn[ ÿm\-ß-fn {]Xn-jvTn- p- p. Aßs\ {]Xn-jvTn- s -Sp ÿe-ßsf t {X߃, Bcm-[-\m-e-b-߃, ]qpm- ]o-t-߃ Fs ms hnfn- p- p. CØcw ti{μ-ß-fn-sem pw sszh-øn\p ÿm\-an-, km n- y-an-. CØcw ti{μ-߃ kμ in- p- -h BtcmSp {]m n- p p F -h Adn-bp- n-. Ah Xß-tfm-Sp-Xs {]m n- p (autosuggestion) Hcp A\p-`-h-Øn Bizmkw Is -Øp p F p am{xw. C mø sszh-ß-tfm-smwv X߃ {]m n- m t]mip- sx Xncn- -dnhv C m-sx-h-æw, P\\w apxte Ah-cpsS kp_p n Ipcp-Sm-bn-cn- -bm-wv. Aßs\ Ah axm- Xbn PohnXw X n-\o- p- p. 13. \mapw Cuiz-c\pw H p- X-s -sb- n ]ns Bcm-[\ th, Bcm-[-\m-tI-{μ-߃ th m, {]XnjvT th, Xo m-s\w th. F m Alw {_ m-kvanbpw XXz-aknbpw ]d-bp- -h Xs apifn d- -sx mw snøp- p- v. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn CXpw Hcp XXz-Nn am{x-am-wv. krjvsn thsd {kjvsmhv thsd. a\p-jy\pw sszhhpw H p-xs -b-, c pw c m-wv. sszh- Øn-s\m- w a\p-jy\pw F p ]d-bp- -Xv, a\p-jy\pw sszhw F \ne-]m-sn-se-øpw. krjvsnbmb a\p-jy {kjvsm-hp-iq-snbm-wv F p ]d-bp- Xv sszh- \maw hrym FSp- p-i-bmwv (Taking the name of God in vain). CXp ambv m-\m-hmø ]m]-øn\pw ISpØ sszh-in- bv pw Imc-W-amIpw. 14. Cu temiw sszh-øns krjvsn-bm-wv. Cu temi-øn tpmen snøm-\pw, the snbvhm\pw, temiw AXns `wkn-bn Xs kq n-t DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xzhpw sszhw a\pjys\ `c-ta-ev]n- n-cn- p- p. AXn-\mbn `qan-bn-ep kie Ncm-N-c-ß-fp-sS-ta-ep-ap- \nb- { Ww a\p-jy\v \ In-bn-cn- p- p. Cu temisø sszhcmpyw F mwv tbip-{inkvxp ]Tn- n- -Xv. sszhw `cww \S- Øp cmpyw Bbn-cn- Ww `qan. sszh-øns {]Xn-\n-[nbmbn B `cww \S-Øm sszhw a\p-jy-]p-{xsc \nb-an- m- n-bn-cn- p- p. B sszhni Npa-X-e-Isf Dt]- n v temi- Øns hym]m-c-ß-fn \n v a\p-jys\ ]n n-cn- n- p- Xv kmøm-\m-wv-. Xs hgn-]n-g ] Xn \S- n-em- p- -Xn\v kmøm Iq p-]n-sn- p- Xv axsø-bm-wv. ax-øns D]-tZ-i- Øn `qanbpw temi-hp-sa mw ]m]-am-wv, Xn \nd- -Xm-Wv F \pw -{]-N-cWw \S-Øm kmøm axsø Iq p-]n-sn- p- p. Aßs\ temiw Dt] n m a\p-jy\v Blzm\w \ Ip ax-amwv _p -a-xw. _p -a-x-øn sszh-an-, sszh-hn-izm-k-an Ft m -Ww. 15. mt\m-zbw {]m]n p F p ]d-bp- Xv F p m\-am-wv. a\p-jy\v B{Kl-߃ ]msn (desires) F p ]d-bp- Xns\ mt\m-zbw (enlighenment) F v ]d-bm Fß-s\ Ign-bpw? a\p-jys\ \njv{in-b-\m- p-ibpw Ahs hnim-c-hn-nm-c-ßsf ASn- a Øp-Itbm C mbva snøp- Itbm thww F p ]d-bp- - Xv, sszh-øns temi-sø- pdn- p \ ] -Xn-Iƒ v Xpc w hbv p-i-bm-w-v. kz- w `mcy-sbbpw ai-s\bpw Dt]- n v h\-hm-k-øn\pw k\ymk-øn\pw t]mb {io_p- \v PvRmt\m-Zbw D m-bn F p ]d-bp- -Xn IqSp-X hnh-ct -Spt m? A{I-a-cm-ln-Xy- Øn (Nonviolence) hniz-kn- p p F p ]d-b-s -Sp _p -a-xw, AXns ÿm-]-i Xs IpSpw_w Dt]- n- -Xneq-sS G hpw henb AXn-{Iaw (violence) A-t \-S-Øn-b-Xv. A-t mƒ \mw C- v (_p- -a-x- Øn ) tiƒ- p- m-t\m-zbw ssz-hn-i-a-, F- v a-\- n- em- m _p- -a-x-øn-s I-gn- c- -c k-l-{km-_v-z-øn-se A-Xn-s kw-`m-h-\-iƒ ]-cn-tim- [n- m a-xn-bm-ipw. 16. C-sX-s hn-[n-bm-wv, X- te-h-c-bm-wv F- v kz-bw i-]n- p-sim- v, Po-hn-X-Øn \n-cmi-cm-bn \n-jv-{in-b-cm-bn Po-hn- p- P-\-tIm-Sn-I-sf \-Ωp-sS

7 7 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Unkw_ 05

8 8 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Ih -tãm-dn axhpw a\p-jy\pw Unkw_ 05 am-bpw Nq-j-Ww sn-ø-s -Sp- p F- -Xm-Wv bm-ym - yw. "F-\n- p sx- p-]- n: F-t m-sp s]m-dp- p-i' F- v G-sXm-cp am-xm-]n- Xm- -tfm-spw a- ƒ sn- p ]-dbp- -Xp-t]m-se, ]n-xm-hm-b sszh-tøm-sv sx- p-iƒ G- p-]-d- v ]m-]-øn-\v s]m-dp-xn t\-smw. A- Xn-\v ]-cn-lm-c-{in-b-tbm, _-en- I-tfm, Xo - m-s-\-ß-tfm, t\ - -Im-gv-N-I-tfm B-h-iy-an ssz-h-sø {]-km-zn- n- m- \m-bn a-\p-jy {]-I-Sn- n- p- B-cm-[-\-Iƒ ap-x bm-sxm-cphn-[ {]-I-S-\-ß-fpw ssz-h-k- n- [n-bn hn-e-t m-ip-i-bn-. _-elo-\ a-\p-jy-s\ A-Sn-a-bm- n, am-\-kn-i-am-bpw km-º-øn-i-ambpw Nq-j-Ww sn-øp- -Xn-\m-bn a-x-]p-tcm-ln-x-h - w H-cp- n-bncn- p- Nn-e sn- -Sn hn-zy-i-fmtb C-Ø-cw {]-I-S-\-ß-sf I- m a-xn. 19. ]p-cm-w-߃, C-Xn-lm-k߃, t\m-h-ep-iƒ, km- -ev-]n- I I-Y-I-fn-se I-Ym-]m-{X-߃ (mythological stories) C-Xn -\ns m-s sa-\-s -Sp-Ø, D-cp- Øn-cn- tz-ho-tz-h k- -ev-]-ßsf- mw a-\p-jy \n -Ωn-s -Sp- Øn- p- -Xm-Wv. {Ko- v, tdm-am, _m-_n-tem-\y, A- o-dn-b kw-kv- m-c-ß-fn-se A-Ø-cw tzho-tz-h- m-cp-ss-sbm- pw t]-cpt]m-epw C- pw tiƒ- m-\n-. a- \p-jy h-f - v hn-i-kn- -t mƒ A-Ø-cw \p-w- -Y-Iƒ-s m- pw ÿm-\-an- m-sx-bm-bn, a-\phneyw ticn `m-c-x-øn h- -t mƒ 4 mw t]-pv Xp-S AXv km-[m-c-w- m-cp-ss-b-, hnzym-k-º- -cp-ss am-{xw `m-jbm-bn-cp- p. ap-kƒ `-c-wm-[n-imcn-iƒ t] -jy `m-j-sb HutZym-Kn-I `m-j-bm- n; {_n- o-jp- Im h- -t mƒ Hu-tZym-Kn-I-`mj Cw- o-jm-bn. cm-py-sø F- m `m-j-i-sf-bpw Xp-ey-am-bn B- Z-cn- p-i-bpw A-h hn-i-kn- n-s - Sp- p-i-bpw th-w-sa- -Xm-bn-cp- p an-j-w-dn-am-cp-ss \n-e-]m-sv. A-h-c-h-cp-sS am-xr-`m-j-iƒ h- f-sc {]-[m-\-s - -Xm-Wv F- -h a-\- n-em- n. H-cp `m-j-bpw t{ijvt-tam t{i-jvt-x Ip-d- -txm B-bn- n- F- \n-e-]m-sn skdm-ºq an-j-w-dn-am D-d- p-\n- p. ]mt-]p-kv-x-i-߃ sk-dm-ºq an-j-w-dn-am-cp-ss a-s m-cp a-l-øm-b kw-`m-h-\ ]mt-]p-kv-x-i-߃ D- m- n-sb- Sp- p- -Xn-em-bn-cp- p. _w-km-fn hn-zym-`ym-k k-{º-zm-b-øn ]miv-nm-xy A-dn-hp-Iƒ kw-tbm-pn- n- p-sim- p- ]mt-]p-kv-x-i߃ A-h {]-kn- o-i-cn- p-ibp- m-bn. am-xr-`m-j-i-fn-ep- H- -\-h-[n ]mt-]p-kv-x-i-߃ A- h {]-kn- o-i-cn- p-i-bp- m-bn. kv-{xo-i-sf im- o-i-cn- p- p a-t -sxm-cp ta-j-e-bn-ep-sa- t]m-se s] -Ip- n-i-fp-ss hn-zym- `ym-k-im-cy-øn-epw an-j-w-dn-amcm-wv A-{K-Km-an-Iƒ. sk-dm-ºq an-j C- m-cy-øn Xp-S- w Ip-dn- p. H- -\-h-[n s] -Ip- n-isfm- pw hn-zym-`ym-kw sn-øm-\mbn ap-tºm- p-h- n-s - n-epw A- h-cp-ss ]-cn-{i-a-øn-\v Zq-c-hym-]- I-am-bn ^-e-ß-fp- m-bn ti-cn-bp-ss an-j-s s] -Ip- n- I-ƒ- m-bp- 12 kv-iq-fp-i-fn-eqss 300 s] -Ip- n-iƒ hn-zym-`ym- ` \pw sszhhpw H m-bn-øo-cp p 1 mw t]-pv Xp-S tum-iv-s -am- v C-jv-S-a-. A-Xp-sIm- v A-h F-t m- Sv a-[p-cw I-gn- -cp-sx- p ]-d-bpw. F- m-epw i-_-cn-a-e-bn \n- p- A-c-h-W- m-b-kw In- n-bm tum-iv-s -am A-dn-bm-sX-bm-sW- n-epw Rm I-gn- pw. C-Xv G- Xm- v sxm-æq-dp h -j-am-bn \- S- p-h-cp- G - m-sm-wv. ap-ºv F-\n-s m-cp k-lm-bn D- m-bncp- p. i-_-cn-a-e A-ø- -s h- en-b `- -\m-bn-cp- p A-bmƒ. a-fi-e-im-e-øpw a-e-bm-f-am-kw H- mw Xo-b-Xn-bp-sam-s A- bmƒ i-_-cn-a-e-bv- p t]m-hpw. A-bmƒ i-_-cn-a-e-bv- p t]m-iptºmƒ A-bm-sf- mƒ k-t mjn- n-cp- -Xv Rm-\m-bn-cp- p. Imc-Ww F-\n- v Ir-Xy-am-bn A-ch-W- m-b-kw sim- p-x-cpw. tum-iv-s -am A-dn-bm-sX Rm-\- Xp I-gn- p-i-bpw sn-øpw. A-c-h-W- m-b-kw t]m-se C- {X-bpw {]-i-kv-x-am-b a-s m-cp t -{X-{]-km-Zw D-t m F- p kw-i-b-am-wv. i-_-cn-a-e F- p tiƒ- p-tºmƒ-x-s A-c-h-W- m-b-k-øn-s cp-nn-bpw a-w-hpam-wv A-\y-a-X-ÿ-cn -t]m-epw D- m-ip- -Xv. H-cp A-ø- -`- sn-dn-sbm-cp Ip- n A-c-h-W- m-bk-hp-am-bn- m-wv a-e-bn-d-ßp- sx- n-epw A-Xv H-cp \m-sn-\p apgp-h A-bmƒ hn-x-c-ww sn-øp- p. A-Xm-Wv i-_-cn-a-e-bp-ss a- l-xzw. a-\p-jy ]-c-kv-]-cw ]- ph-bv- -Ww F- ssz-h-ln-x-am- Wv \-S- n-em- p- -Xv. H-cm-fm-Wv i-_-cn-a-e-bn-te- p t]m-ip- -sx- n-epw H-cp {]-tz-iw ap-gp-h A- ø- -s {]-km-zw A-\p-`-hn- p- p. kw sn-øp-i-bp- m-bn. C-Δn-[- Øn kv-{xo-i-fp-ss ÿm-\-sø- p-dn- v C- y-bn-se s]m-xp-kaq-l-øn-s {i- e-`n- p-hm-\n- S-bm-bn. A-[ym-]-I ]-cn-io-e-\- ÿm-]-\-ß-fpw B -Ip- n-iƒ- pw s] -Ip- n-iƒ- pw th- nbp- sh-tδ-sd tlm-ã-ep-i-fpw ti-cn B-cw-`n- p-i-bp- m-bn. am-xr-`m-jm {]-kn- o-i-c-w-߃ an-j-w-dn-am-cp-ss hn-zym-`ym-k ]-cn-{i-a-ß-fm Ip-sd-tb-sd _w- Km-fn-Iƒ km- -c-x ssi-h-cn- p I-gn- -t mƒ A-h kzm-b-øam- n-b hn-zy Xp-cp-ºn- p t]m- Im-Xn-cn- p- -Xn-\v F- p-snøm I-gn-bpw F-s m-cp tnm-zyw D-b - p-h- p. A-ß-s\-bm-Wv ti-cn _w-km-fn-`m-j-bn Zn-Kv-Z -i, k-am-nm Z - F- o {]-kn- o-i-c-w-߃ B-cw- `n- -Xv. A-ß-s\-bm-Wv C- y `m-j-i-fn ]-{X-{]-h -Ø-\-Øn- \v Xp-S- -am-b-xv. k-am-nm Z - B-Wv C- y -`m-j-bn-se B-Zy h -Ø-am-\- -{Xw. {^- v Hm-^v C -Uy F- t]-cn H- cp Cw- o-jv tp -W-epw sk-dm- ºq an-j {]-kn- o-i-cn- p-ibp- m-bn. A-h-km-\w, ti-cn X-s Zu- Xyw ]q -Øn-bm- n-b kw-xr-]v- Xn-tbm-sS 1834, Pq 9 -\v \n- Xy-X-bn-te- v bm-{x-bm-bn. skdm-ºq an-j C- y-bn h-ensbm-cp km-aq-ln-i ]-cn-h -Ø-\- Øn-\v h-gn-sbm-cp- n. B ]m-c- º-cyw Im-Øp-kq- n- p-i F- - Xm-Wv \-Ωp-sS ap-ºn-ep- sh- p-hn-fn. ssz-h-øn -\n- v h-enb Im-cy-߃ {]-Xo- n- p-i, ssz-h-øn-\m-bn h-en-b Im-cy߃ D-Zy-an- p-i F- p-]-d- hn-eyw ti-cn-bp-ss Im - m-sp-iƒ \-ap- p ]n- p-s-cmw. C-{X-bpw ssz-hn-i-am-b H-cp {]-km- Z-hn-X-c-Ww th-sd D-s - p txm- p- n-. C-t mƒ C-ß-s\-bpt m F- v F-\n- v A-dn- p- Iq-S. ap-ºv A-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp- p. F-s Ip- n- m-e-sø i-_- cn-a-e-bm-{x-sb- p-dn- v kq-nn- n- -t m? B bm-{x-bn G- -hpw hn-j-an- n- p- H-cp cw-k-ap- v. A-Xv A-ø- - m ho- p-im-tcm-sv bm-{x ]-d-bp- Im-gv-N-bm-Wv. A- -cm -Y-Øn A-sXm-cp bm-{x- ]-d- n-em-wv. Im-c-Ww C- -søt m-se kp-j-{]-z-am-b bm-{x-b- A- v. Im-Spw ta-spw Xm- nbp- bm-{x-x-s -bm-wv. Im- m- \-sb-bpw a- p h-\y-ar-k-ß-sf-bpsam-s I- p sim- p-x-s -bm- Wv A- v `- - m a-e-tb-dp- - Xv. ho- n -\n- v a-gp-thm A-Xpt]m-se-bp- B-bp-[-\-ß-tfm sim- p-t]m-bn Im-Sv sh- n-søfn- v h-gn-bp- m- n-bm-bn-cp- p A- v i-_-cn-a-e-bm-{x. A-XpsIm- v `- n-bpw km-l-k-hpw k-l-\-hpw -a-bpw H-s -bp- b-ym - `- am-{x-ta A- v i-_-cn-a-e-bv- p t]m-bn-cp- p- q. Cu bm-{x-bv- n-s-bn-ep- A-]- I-S-km-[y-X-bm-h-Ww ho- n-ep- h-sc ]-cn-{`m- -cm- p- -Xv. i-_-cn-a-e-bn F-s m-s tbm am- -߃ h-cm t]m-ip- p F-s m-s kp-lr-øp- ƒ ]- d-bp- p. F- m-hpw A-hn-Sp-sØ A-h-ÿ F- -dn- p-iq-sm. Imew am-dp- -Xn-\v A-\p-k-cn- v F- m-bn-s-øpw am- -߃ D- m-hp-at m. F- n-epw F-\n- v hy- n- ]-c-am-bn H-cp A-t]- -tb-bp- q. i-_-cn-a-e-bn \n- v Z-b-hp snbv-xv A-ø- -s\ am- n- -f-b-cp-xv!!!'' sa-{xm-t m-eo-øm ]-d-bp- p. 6 mw t]-pv Xp-S Np pw Im-Wp- p. D-b - Pm-Xnbn-tem Xm-gv- Pm-Xn-bn-tem P- \n- m Im-c-Ww A-h-\-h-s ap -P- -Øn-se ]m-]-i -Ω ^-esa- v a-xw ]Tn- n- p- \p-wbm-wv, h- -\-bm-wv. A-Xp-a-s - n A-Sp-Ø P- -Øn \o ar- K-am-tbm, ]p-gp-hm-tbm, hr- -amtbm P-\n- p- -sx- n, A-Xv \o Cu P- -Øn \n-\- m-bn hn-[n- -s - I -Ω-^-e-Øn-s ]-cn-wn-x ^-e-sa- pw a-xw ]Tn- n- p- p. H-cp P-\-X-bp-sS, cm-py-øns h-f - -sb-bpw ap-t - -søbpw X-S-bm C-Ø-cw hym-p D- ]-tz-i-߃ ]-S- p-hn-sp- -Xn-s\ kp-t_m-[-ap- P-\-k-aq-lw ]p- n- p X-t - -Xn-\p ]-I-cw, A- Xp txm-fn-te- n A-e-bp- Z-b- \o-b Im-gv-N-bm-Wv \-ap- p Np- pw Im-Wp- -Xv. 17. a-\p-jy-s ]m-]-]-cn-lmc-øn-\m-bn, I -Ω-]m-]-߃ \oßn- n- p- -Xn-\m-bn, ]-cn-lm-c- {In-b-Iƒ \-S-Ø-Ww F- v \n - t±-in- p- -Xv a-x-ß-fp-ss-bpw A- Xn-s\ \n-b-{ n- p- kw-l-sn- X-cp-sS Nq-j-W-Øn-\p- Nn-e {]-tbm-k-߃ am-{x-am-wv. ]m-]-]-cn-lm-c-øn-\m-bn a-\pjy k-ao-]n-t - -Xv X-s {kjv-sm-hm-b ssz-h-øn-s k- n- [n-bn-te- m-wv. bm-km-zn-i -Ω߃, t\ - -Im-gv-N-Iƒ C-h-bneq-sS a-\p-jy-s\ km-º-øn-i-ambpw km-aq-ln-i-am-bpw am-\-kn-i- Hm-^v Zn C-hm -sp-en- s^t m-jn-]v Hm-^v C- y (kn-f-^vsf)bp-ss hn-hn-[ t{k-up-i-fn-ep- 15 ]p-kv-x-i-߃ a-e-b-f-ønte- p ]-cn-`m-j-s -Sp-Øn. s]- tim-kv-xv k-`-iƒ Zo -L Im-ew Cu ]p-kv-x-i-ß-fm-wv ]Tn- n- ncp- -Xv ap-x A-s w-ªnkv Hm-^v tkm-uv ku-øv sh-ãv Un-kv-{Sn-Œv kn.f.sk-{i- -dn, k -tu-kv-iqƒ A-[ym-]-I, k -tu-kv-iqƒ A-[ym-]-I ]- a-x-߃ a-\p-jy-s\ h- n- p p ss{ikvxh `h-\-߃ Aø- - m-cpss CS-Øm-hfw ev-]-c-\m-bn-cp- {io-aq-ew Xn-cp- \mƒ a-lm-cm-pm-hn-s \n -tz-i- {]-Im-c-am-Wv B-Zy-am-bn i-_-cna-e-bn H-cp t -{Xw \n -an- - Xv F- v \mw Hm -Øn-cn-t - - X-t{X. B t -{Xw Xo-sh- v \- in- n- -s - p. ]p-xn-b t -{Xw \n -an- p- -Xn-\v cm-pm-hv \n-tbm- Kn- -Xv am -tøm-ω k-`mw-k-hpw Cu X-e-ap-d-bn F- m-h - pw ]-cn-nn-x-\p-am-bn-cp- ]n kn timin-bp-ss ]n-xm-hv am-th-en- -c t]m-f- n-d- sim- p-ω-s\-bmbn-cp- p. A-t±-lw a-lm-cm-pm-hns \n -t±-i-{]-im-cw X-Sn-bn H- cp t -{Xw \n -an- p. a-lm-cm-pmhn-\p i-_-cn-a-e-bn t]m-iphm bm-{xm-ku-i-cyw C- m-xncp- -Xn-\m sim- -Øp tx-h- n-sim- m-c-øn-s ]-cn-k-c-øp {]-Z -in- n- p. a-lm-cm-pm-hp h- p I- p Xr-]v-X-\m-b-t mƒ B t -{Xw A-gn- p h- -Øn tim- -b-øv h- - -S-hn-epw Imf-h- n-bn h- n-s]-cn-bm- n-epw F-Øn- p. X-e- p-a-ss i-_-cn-a-ebn sim- p-h- p ho- pw A- e-im-wn-iƒ h- p-d- n- p F- - Xm-Wv bm-ym - yw. B-Zy-sØ A-ø- {]-Xn-jvT \-S-Øp- -Xn-\p- {I-ao-I-c-W-hpw A-t±-l-Øns tpm-en- m-cm-bn-cp- p sn-bv- X-sX- v {]m-b-ap- -h ]-d-bp- - Xv ti- n- p- v. a-x k-tlm-z-cy-øn-s -bpw, k-l-i-c-w-øn-s -bpw {]-Xo-Iam-b A-ø- -t -{X-sØ C- p cm-jv-{sn-b Xm-ev-]-cy-ß-tfm-sS h -Ko-b-h - -cn- p-hm {i-an- p- -Xv ti-c-f-øn \n-e-\n - p- a-tx-x-c-k- -ev-]-sø X- I - p- -Xm-Wv. am -tøm-ω k- `m Aw-K-߃ B-bn-cp- ]-ebm-fp-i-fpw t]m-f- n-d- ]n.kn tim-in-bp-ss ]n-xm-hm-b sim- p- Ω-s ]-cn-{i-a-øn k-l-im-cn- Iƒ B-bn-cp- p F- p- -Xpw {]- txy-iw {i-t -b-am-wv. X-Sn-bn \n -an- H-cp t -{Xw {io-a-ø- -s B-cm-[-\- m-bn {I-ao-I-cn- -s - -Xp-]n -Im-e-ß-fn C-Xc kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn \n- p- A-ø- -`- - m-sc B-I -jn- p, bm-{xm ku-i-cy-߃ Iq-Sn-bt mƒ X-an-gv-\m-Sv, I -Wm-S-Iw, B-{ m F- o {]-tz-i-ß-fn \n- p- \n-c-h-[n P-\-߃ i- _-cn-a-e-bn B-cm-[-\- m-bn H- Øp Iq-Sn. i-_-cn-a-e-bn-se B-cm-[-\ `mc-xo-b kw-kv-im-cw am-{x-a- C- m-an-i kw-kv-im-c-hpw Iq-Sn cn-io-e-i, kw-lm-s-i. ]-tc- X-\m-b ]m-ã ]n.un. tpm k-t\m-ssm- w A-t\-Iw kp-hnti-j a-lm-tbm-k-߃- p t\- Xr-Xzw \ -Ip-I-bpw an-j-\-dn-am - v th- n ]-cn-`m-j \-S-Øp-Ibpw sn-bv-xp. Zq-X am-kn-i-bpss ]-{Xm-[n-]-\m-bn Zo -L-Im-ew {]-h -Øn- p. sf.kn.]n.f-^v. {]-kn-u v- Xp-S-ßn hn-hn-[ kw- L-S-\-I-fn h-ln- p. `m-cy: ta-cn. a- ƒ: Zzn-Kv- v, s{s_- v, Un-sse- v. jy kz-x-{ -\m-bn ]p-wy A- h-xm-c-߃ F- v a-\p-jy-s\ hniz-kn- n- m hn-hn-[ a-x-ß-fneq-ss {i-an- p- -sxm- pw-x-s k-xy-ssz-h-hp-am-bn bm-sxm-cp _- -hp-an- F- p X-s -b-, ssz-hn-i ]- -Xn-Iƒ- v ]m-c-]- Wn-bp- I-Ym-]m-{X-ß-fp-am-Wv. C-Xp-aq-ew a-\p-jy kzm - - \pw, h - o-b-hm-zn-bpw kz-p-\- sø-bpw \m- p-im-sc-bpw ho- p-imsc-bpw H-cp-t]m-se i-{xp- -fm-bn ap-{z-ip-øp-i-bpw sn-øp- p. i- {Xp-X, ]-I, ]n-w- w, ]-I-t]m-, i-{xp-kw-lm-cw F- o \ne-i-fn a-\p-jy-cp-ss C-S-bn i- {Xp-X-bpw bp- -hpw -Wn- p-hcp-øm km-øm C-Ø-cw hym-p ssz-h-ß-sf a-d-bm- p-ibpw sn-øp- p. 20. tem-i-n-cn-{x-øn ]q - Æ ssz-h-hpw ]q -Æ a-\p-jy-\pam-bn tem-i-øn-te- p h- -h H-cp-h am-{xw \-{km-b-\m-b tbip-{in-kv-xp. I-gn- 20 \q- m- p- I-fm-bn ssz-h-am-b tb-ip-{in-kv- Xp {Iq-in-se a-c-w-sø P-bn- v D-bn -sø-gp-t - p Po-hn- p-ibpw, A-t\-I-cp-sS Po-hn-X-Øn ]m-]-]-cn-lm-c-hpw \n-xy-c- -bpw ku-p-\y-am-bn \ -Ip-I-bpw snøp- p. C-t m-gpw B-sc- n-epw B-flm - -am-bn k-xy-k- -ambn {In-kv-Xp-hn-s\ I-s -Ø-Ww F- v B-{K-ln- m A-h - pw {In-kv-Xp X-s -Ø-s sh-fn-s - Sp-Øn A-h-sc-bpw c- -bn-te- v h-gn-\-s-øp- p. 1 mw t]-pv Xp-S tn - -Xm-bn-cp- p F- p- -Xns H-cp {]-Xn-^-e-\-am-Wv i-_- cn-a-e D- -h-tøm-sp tn - p F- cp-ta-en-bn \-S- p- -Xm-b {iohm-h-cp-kzm-an-bp-am-bn _- -s - p- A-ø- -`- - m-cp-ss t]- - Xp-. h-s-ti-cn- -c-bn-ep- mbn-cp- H-cp ss{i-kv-x-h Ip-Spw- _-Ø-e-h-s tpm-en- m-cm-bn-cp- p Ip-Xn-c-]p-d-Øp i-_-cn-a-e-bnte- p t -{X-\n -Ωm-Ww I-gn- -t mƒ Im-Wp-hm t]m-b sim- p-ω-\p h-gn-sx-fn- v A-\pbm-{X sn-bv-x-xv. i-_-cn-a-e-bn-te- p Im -\-S-bm-bn h-cp- `- - m - v C-S-Øm-h-f-am-bn ]-e ss{i-kv-x-h `-h-\-ß-fpw Xp-d- psim-sp-øn- p- -Xv a-tx-x-c-xz-øns Zr-U-X-sb hy- -am-ip- p. F- m a-x-hn-`m-k-ß-tfm-spw _- -s - p In-S- p- i-_-cn-ae a-x-ku-lm -Z-Øn-s a-l-\ob D-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv, A-hn-sS h - Ko-b-X-bpw, hn-`m-kn-b-x-bpw sim- p-h-cp- cm-jv-{so-b C-S-s]-S-ep- Iƒ A-]-I-S-I-c-am-Wv. A-Xv tic-f-øn-se a-tx-x-c kw-kv-im-csø X-I - p- -Xpw N-cn-{X h- kv-xp-x-iƒ- v \n-c- m-ø-xp-am- Wv. sa-{xm-t m-eo-ø ]-d- p. {]-i-kv-x s{si-kv-x-h F-gp-Øp-Im-c _mw- q a-e-bm-fn F.kmw \n-xy-x-bn 1 mw t]-pv Xp-S s]-s -t m-kv-xv I -h -j s_w-k-fp-cp: s_w-k-fp-cp-hn-se s]-s -t m-kv-xv sf-iy k-tωf-\-am-b s]-s -t m-kv-xv 2018 s hm -jn-i k-tω-f-\w Unkw-_ 9 11 h-sc sl- q F- v._n.b te Hu- v, kn- n lm -sh-ãv F.Pn.N - v lm-fn \-S- pw. ]m-ã {]n -kv txm-akv, ]m-ã A-\n sim-sn-tøm- w F- n-h ap-jy {]-kw-k-i-cmbn-cn- pw.

9 9 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Unkw_ 05 tzml sf.-]n.-kn. tkmƒu Pq_nen \nd-hn tzm-l: J-Ø-dn-se B-Zy a-e-bmfn s]-s -t m-kv-xv k-`-bm-b tzm-l sf.-]n.-kn.-bp-ss A -]- Xmw hm -jn-i k-am-]-\ k-tω-f- \w Un-kw-_ 8 -\v \-S- pw. tzml sf.-un.-kn.un N - v timw-π- Iv-kn-se ss n \-S- p- hm - jn-i k-tω-f-\-øn sf-]n.-kn.- P-\-d {]-kn-u v ]m-ã tp- - _v tpm ap-jy A-Xn-Yn-bm-bn ]-s -Sp- pw. k-`m ip-{iq-j-i ]m-ã tpm- Sn.-am-Xyp A-[y- -X h-ln- pw. 50- mw hm -jn-i-tøm-s-\p-_- \nxy-x-bn ]m-ã ]n.-si.-am-xyp Nn-ß-h-\w: N - v Hm-^v tkm-uv _-ty k-`mw-kw \o-ew-t]-cq ]p- -t»-cn-bn-em-b ]p-ø ]p-cbv- Nn-d-bn ]m-ã ]n.-si.- am-xyp (53) \-hw-_ 19- -\v \n-cym- X-\m-bn. kw-kv-im-cw ]-cp-øpw- ]md N - v Hm-^v tkm-uv sk-antø-cn-bn \-S-Øn. C-c-hn-t]-cq ti-{μ-am- n-bp- ^n-e-z -^y N - v Hm-^v tkm-un Zo -L- \mƒ ip-{iq-j-i-\m-bn-cp- p. `mcy: tim-g-t -cn Im- n-cw- \n - p- -Xn tam-f-ω. a- ƒ: tpm-_n, tpym-xn-kv, a-cp-a- ƒ: {]n-b, A\p. n- v {I-ao-Icn- n-cn- p- {]-txy-i Xm- vkv Kn-hnw-Kv k -Δo-kn {]-i-kv-x Kmbn-I s] -knkv tpm-wpw tp _v tpm tzm-l sf.-]n.- kn.-iz-b-dpw tn - v Km-\-ip-{iqj \n -Δ-ln- pw. k-`-bp-ss ap - Im-e ip-{iq-j-i-cm-bn-cp- ]m- à si.-f-kv.-^n-en- v, Fw.-sP.- sum-an-\n-iv F- n-h-sc- q-sm-sx k-`-bp-ss {]m-cw-`-im-e {]-h -Ø- \-ß-fn ap -\n-c-bn- \n- Nne-cpw k-tω-f-\-øn ]-s -Sp- pw. k-tlm-z-c- m-cm-b F.-tXm- tpm Sn. amxyp s] knkv tpm a-kv kmw, kmw si.-ip-cy, {]- tam-zv ]n.-tpm -Pv F- n-h-cp-ss t\- Xr-Xz-Øn-ep- Hm -K-ss\-knw-Kv I-Ω- n Pq-_n-en B-tLm-j-߃- v t\-xr-xzw \ -Ip- p. C-tXm- S-\p-_- n- v Pq-_n-en kp-h-\odpw {]-kn- o-i-cn- p- -Xm-bn ]- ªn-kn- n I -ho-\ am-xyp ]n.-a- Øm-bn A-dn-bn- p Akw-ªokv Hm^v tkmuv P\-d I h j ]p-\-eq : A-kw-ªo-kv Hm-^v tkm-uv a-e-bm-fw Un-kv-{Sn-Iv-Sv P-\- d I -h -j P-\p-h-cn 8 13 h-sc ]p-\-eq F.Pn I -h j {Ku- n \-S- pw. 8 mw Xob-Xn ssh-in- v 6 a-wn- v k-`m kq- {]- v d-h. tum. ]n.-f-kv. ^n-en- v D-Zv-Lm-S-\w sn-øpw. Xr-iq, F-d-Wm-Ip-fw, C-Sp- n, tim- -bw, B-e- p-g, ]-Ø-\w-Xn-, sim- w, Xn-cp-h-\- -]p-cw Pn- -I-fn-em-bn 53 sk- -\p-i-fm-wv A-kw-ªokv Hm-^v tkm-uv a-e-bm-fw Un-kv- {Sn-Iv-Sn-\p- -Xv. 9,10 Xo-b-Xn-I-fn cm-hn-se 9 ap-x ssh-in- v 5h-sc ip-{iq-j- I- m - m-bn sk-an-\m \-S- Øpw. 11 mw Xo-b-Xn an-j k- tω-f-\-hpw D- -I-gn- v Hm -Unt\-j ip-{iq-j-bpw \-S- pw. 12\v (i-\n) cm-hn-se k-t -kv- Iqƒ k-tω-f-\-hpw D- -I-gn- v bp-h-p-\ (kn.-f) k-tω-f-\-hpw \-S- pw. Rm-b-dm-gv-N cm-hn-se 9\v B-cw-`n- p- kw-bp- -k-`m- tbm- -K-tØm-sS I -h -j k- am-]n- pw. d-h.-]n.-f-kv. ^n-en- v k-am-]-\ k-tμ-iw \ -Ipw. d-h.g-{_-lmw txm-a-kv (snss ), d-h. tpm -k h -Ko-kv (_mw- q ), d-h. tpm - v ]n. Nmt m, d-h. tum. ]n.-f-kv. ^n-en- v, d-h. Sn.-sP. km-ap-h, F-Iv-kn- Iyq- o-hv I-Ωn- n Aw-K-߃ F- n-h-cpw hn-hn-[ tbm-k-ß-fn ip-{iq-jn- pw. sf.-]n.kn. cmp-ÿm tã n\v ]pxnb t\xrxzw d-h.-tum.tpm -Pv kn.h -Ko-kv, ]m-ã ]n.-fw.-txm-a-kv ]m-ã tpm tz-hky, Fw.-sI.-Nm-t m, _n-\p Sn.-am-Xyp P-bv- q : sf.-]n.kn. cm-p-ÿm tã- v `m-c-hm-ln-i-sf Xn-c-s - Sp-Øp. d-h.-tum.tpm -Pv kn.h - Ko-kv {]-kn-u v, ]m-ã ]n.-fw.- txm-a-kv ssh-kv {]-kn-u v, ]m- à tpm tz-h-ky sk-{i- -dn, Fw.-sI.-Nm-t m tpm.-sk-{i- -dn, _n-\p Sn.-am-Xyp {S-j-dm, jm-pn ]m- - P-\.-Iu -kn {]-Xn- \n-[n F- n-h-cm-wv ]p-xn-b `m-chm-ln-iƒ. tã- v I -h -jt\m-s-\p-_- n- v \-S- P-\-d t_m-un-bn-em-wv Xn-c-s -Sp- v \-S- -Xv. cm-p-ÿm tã- v cq-]o-ir-xam-b 2007 ap-x ]m-ã tpm - Pv kn.h -Ko-kv Cu tã- n-\v t\- Xr-Xzw \ -Ip- p. Um-f-kn-se B-Zy-Im-e k-`-bm-b sl-t{_m s]-s -t m-kv-xv s^-tem-jn- v k-`-bp-ss ÿm-]-i-\m-wv. an-uvsh-ãv do-pn-b {]-kn-u m-bpw, sn-ß- q : Zn s]-s -t m-kv- Xv an-j sn-ß- q k-`-bp-ss I -h -j Un-kw. 6 9 h-sc sn-ß- q ]-g-h-\ {Ku- n \- S- pw. k-`-bp-ss {]-[m-\ ip-{iqj-i {]-kw-kn- pw. an-j {]- h -Ø-I I -h -j Km-\- ]n-kn-\m- v I -ho-\-dm-bpw -{]- h -Øn- n- p- v. ssh-kv {]-kn- U v ]m-ã ]n.-fw.-txm-a-kv C- t mƒ P-bv- q k-`m ip-{iq-j- I-\m-Wv. sk-{i- -dn ]m-ã tpm tz-h-ky.. tã- v ]n.-ssh.-]n.-f.-{]-kn- U m-bn ]m-ã P-bnw-kv ^n-en- v, ssh-kv {]-kn-u m-bn ]m-ã c-xo-jv ]n.-pn, sk-{i- -dn-bm-bn jn-pp G-{_-lmw, {S-j-dm-dm-bn A-\n tpm -Pv F- n-h-cpw Xnc-s -Sp- -s - p. tã- v k tu-kv-iqƒ t_m -Uv sn-b -am- \m-bn ]m-ã ]n.-fw.-txm-a-kv Xnc-s -Sp- -s - p. tã- v tkm-z-co k-am-pw {]- kn-u m-bn jo-pm k-pn, sshkv {]-kn-u v tj -fn k-pn, sk- {I- -dn-bm-bn tpm-_n-tamƒ P-bnwkv, {S-j-dm-dm-bn kp-pm sd-pn F- n-h-cpw Xn-c-s -Sp- -s - p. Sn.]n.Fw. sn-ß- q I -h -j ߃ B-e-]n- pw. Zn-h-k-hpw ssh-in- v Km-\-ip-{iq-j, kp-hnti-j {]-kw-kw, tcm-k-im- n {]m -Y-\ F- n-h \-S- pw. 9 -\v Rm-b-dm-gv-N kw-bp- B-cm-[- \-tbm-ss k-am-]n- pw.

10 10 ka-im-eni ]{XnI [ym\w Unkw_ 05 F.-sF. tpm p-ip n aigeorgekutty@gmail.com hn-ip- -ss_-_n-fn-se A- p-x-{]-hr-øn-i-fn {]-txy-i- X-bp- H-cp kw-`-h-am-wv K-Z-ctZ-i-sØ `q-x-{k-kv-x-s\ tb-ipku-jy-am- n-b-xn-s hn-h-c- Ww. in-jy- m-cp-am-bn K-eo-e- - S-en-eq-sS bm-{x sn-bv-xv A-hnsS-sb-Øn-b- tb-ip-hn-s ap- ºn - H-cp `q-x-{k-kv-x h- v \- a-kv-i-cn- p-; X-s Z-Wv-Un- n- cp-tx F- v A-h-\n-se `q-x߃ \n-e-hn-fn- p. A-h-s t]- cv F- v F- v tnm-zn- -Xn-\v setkym F- m-wv a-dp-]-sn ]-d- -Xv. \m- n -\n- v X-ß-sf A-b- p-i-f-bm-xn-cn- m G-dntbm- v A-t]- n- p F- v a - t m-kn-s kp-hn-ti-j-øn tc-j-s -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p- p(a - s m-kv 5:10). X-ß-sf ]m-xm-f- Øn-te- v A-b-bv- -cp-tx F- v A-t]- n- -Xm-bn eq-t mkn-s kp-hn-ti-j-øn-ep- v (8:31). bn-{km-tb -a- -ƒ tam-ibp-ss t\-xr-xz-øn Io-g-S- nb {]-tz-i-ß-fn Dƒ-s - -Xpw Km-Zv tkm-{x- m- - v A-h-Im-i- ao-un-b t m-_ ao- v P-\p-h-cn 19\v 1 mw t]-pv Xp-S Aw-K-Xz hn-x-c-ww, sf-un Im - Uv hn-x-c-ww F- n-h-bpw D- m- Ipw. sf.]n.kn-bn-se tem-i-sa- ºm-Sp-ap- F-gp-Øp-Im-cpw am-[ya {]-h -Ø-I-cpw A-Wn-\n-c- p- k-tω-f-\-øn k-` C- p t\-cn-sp- sh- p-hn-fn-i-fpw s{sikv-x-h am-[y-a [ -Ω-hpw N - sn-øpw. 20l 8 P-\p-h-cn 19\v Ip-º- \m-sv \-S- t m-_ ao- n-t\m-s- \p-_- n- m-wv sf.]n.kn t m- _ ao-un-b A-tkm-kn-tb-j cq-]o-ir-x-am-b-xv. C-Xn-s `m-kam-bn t\m -Ø-ta-cn- -bn-epw ]p- Xn-b Nm-]v- cq-]n-i-cn- -s - p am - v 23\v bp.f.c-bn t m-_ ao- pw ]p-xn-b Nm-]v- cq-]o-i-c-w-hpw \-S- pw. t m-_ ao- n-\p `m-c-hm-ln- I-fm-b kmw-ip- n Nm-t m \n-e- ºq (B-Œnw-Kv sn-b -am ), k- Pn a-øm-bn Im-tX- v (P-\. sk- am-bn- In- n-b-xp-am-bn-cp- p Cu {]- tz-iw- -K-Z-c tz-iw F- t]-cv A- ß-s\ h- -Xm-sW- v A-\p-am-\n- -s -Sp- p. {]-am-ww A-\p-k-cn- v tz-iw Km-Zv tkm-{x- m-cm-b-p-\- ß-fp-sS ]- B-bn-cp-s - nepw B-fl a-wv-u-e-øn `q-xmflm- ƒ B {]-tz-i-sø `-cn- psim- n-cn- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p. setkym F- ]-Zw B-dm-bn-cw ]- m-f- m-cp-ss Z-f-Øn-\v ]-d-bp- {Ko- v ]-Z-am-Wv. tdm-a km-{am- Py-Øn-s H-cp {]-hn-iy-bm-b b- \msv hmgp `qx-߃..! P -Ω-\n-bn-se G-Im-[n-]-Xn-bm-bn-cp- A-tUmƒ-^v ln- v-e c- mw tem-i-a-lmbp- -Im-e-Øv A-dp-]-Xv e- w b-lq-z- m-sc sim- -Xpw, Iw-t_m-Un-b-bn-se {]- [m-\-a-{ n-bm-bn-cp- t]mƒ t]m- v C-cp-]-Xv e- -Øn-\pw ap- -Xv e- -Øn-\pan-S-bn P-\-ß-sf {Iq-c-am-bn h-[n- -Xpw, tkm-hy- v bq-wn-b-\n-epw ssn-\-bnepw a- v A-t\-Iw cm-py-ß-fn-ep-am-bn cm-jv-{s-ø-e-h- m `-c-w-iq-s-øn-s kwhn-[m-\-߃ D-]-tbm-Kn- v tim-sn- -W- n-\v \n-c-]-cm-[n-i-sf sim-s m-sp- n-b- Xpw ]-cn-tim-[n- p-tºmƒ A-h- - - mw ]n- n hm-gv-n-iƒ F- v Xn-cp-sh-gp- Øv hn-ti-jn- n- p- `q-xm-flm- -ƒ hym-]-cn- n-cp- p-sh- v hy- -am-ip- p. lq-zy-bn B-bn-cw ]- m-f- m hn-\y-kn- -s - n-cp- p. (k-l- {km-[n-] F- v A-t m-kv-x-e- {]-hr-øn-i-fn \mw hm-bn- p- p- -t m). A-Xp-t]m-se, B-fla-Wv-U-e-Øn K-Z-tc-\-cp-sS tzi-sø \n-b-{ n- p- -Xn-\v B- bn-c- -W- n-\v Zp-cm-flm- -sf-bm- Wv km-øm hn-\y-kn- n-cp- -Xv. C-{X-b-[n-Iw `q-xm-flm- ƒ H- cp a-\p-jy-\n -Ø-s A-[n-hkn- p- ÿn-xn- v, B tz-i- Øn-s s]m-xp-hn-ep- A-h-ÿ F-{X ]-cn-xm-]-i-c-am-bn-cp- p F- {I- -dn), ]m-ã cm-pp B-\n- m- Sv, jn-_p ap- - m- n, ^n- n cm-pp (sk-{i- -dn-am ) ^n- n ]n am-xyp ({S-j-dm ), tsm-wn Un sn- Δq- m-c (P-\. tim -Un-t\- ), ]m-ã -am-cm-b A- Ip- v C- e- q, kn.]n.tam-\m-bn, tdm-bn hm-i-øm-\w, k-tlm-z-c- m-cm-b Ip-cy ^n-en- v, jm-pn am-dm-\m- Ym, si._n. sf-k-iv, jm-pn Imc-bv-, hn-tpm-bv kv-i-dn-b, sh- n am-xyp, D-Ω F-_-t\-k, \n-_p sh- -h- m-\w, Fw.hn.- ^n-en- v, cm-p B-cy- - n, tpm- -Pv G-{_-lmw, kn-ã Ãm -em eq- v Xp-S-ßn-b F-Iv-kn-Iyq- n-hv Aw-K-߃ t\-xr-xzw \-ev-ipw. t m-_ ao- n-t\m-s-\p-_- n- v ]p-xn-b ]p-kv-x-i-ß-fp-ss {]- Im-i-\w \-S-Øp- -Xn-\m-bn {]- km-[-i ap -Iq- n 1000 cq-] ^ok-s- v c-pn-ã sn-tø- -Xm-Wv. Iq-Sp-X hn-h-c-߃- v: , SHALOM MINISTRIES Cochin sszh-øns Af-h Ir]-bm Ign 13 h jsø {]h Ø-\-Øns ^e-ambn hmg- m-e-bn Hcp ÿew k` cq]o-ir-x-am- p-hm CS-bmbn F m Cu k`bv v Hcp skan-tø-cn-bpss Bh-iy-ap- v. Bb-Xnte v GI-tZiw 12 e w cq]-bpss Bh-iy-ap- v. AXn-\mbn sszh-p-\-øns hne-tb-dnb {]m -\bpw kl-i-c-whpw A`y n p sim p- p. SHALOM MINISTRIES, A/C NO , IFSC : FDRL , SWOFT CODE : FDRLINBBIBD, shalomindiaministries@gmail.com, v Hm - p-i. C- v \mw {`m- v F- t m am-\-kn-i tcm-k-sa-t m hnti-jn- n- p- B ÿn-xn- v am- \p-jn-i {]-b-xv-\-߃-sim- v (hn-e-ßp-i-fpw N-ß-e-I-fpw-sIm- v _- n- n- pw) ]-cn-lm-cw e-`n- n-cp- n-. bn-{km-tb tz-i-øpw k-ao- ]-tz-i-ß-fn-epw B-Xp-c-tk-h-\w sn-øp- ]-e-cn -\n- pw a-\- n- em- p-hm I-gn- -Xv C- pw A- hn-s-ß-fn Zp-cm-flm- -fp-ss _m- [-bm I-jv-S-s -Sp- -h h-f-sctb-sd-bp- v F- -X-t{X. A-S- n- n-cn- p- ho-sp-i-fn A-h-tcmsSm- w Xm-a-kn- v A-h-sc ip-{iqjn- p-hm hn-tz-i cm-py-ß-fn - \n- v A-t\-I-sc \n-b-an- p- p- v. H- mw tem-i-a-lm-bp- -Øn- \v ti-j-ap- P -Ω-\n-bn-se P-\- X-bn C-Ø-cw Zp-cm-flm- -fp-ss _m-[-bm I-jv-S-s -Sp- -h-cm-bn A-t\-I-cp- m-bn-cp- p-sh- v hneyw sp jv-s\ F- {K-Ÿ-Imc tc-j-s -Sp-Øn-bn- p- v. tem- I-sa-ßpw Cu ÿn-xn-bn h-ebp- -h G-sd-bp- v. F- m am-[y-a ]p-c-kv-im-cw kn.hn.am-xyp-hn-\v 1 mw t]-pv Xp-S sf.]n.kn kn -h Pq-_nen kp-h-\o, bp-h-p-\ Im-l-fw Xp-S-ßn-b {]-kn- o-i-c-ß-fp-ss F-Un-, ]n.ssh.]n.f kwÿm-\ F-Iv-kn-Iyq- n-hv Aw-Kw, k-`m Iu -kn Aw-Kw F- nß-s\ hn-hn-[ ]-Z-hn-I-fn A- t±-lw tk-h-\w A-\p-jvTn- n- p v. s]-s -t m-kv-xv ]-{X-{]-h - Ø-\ cw-k-øv \n-d-km- n- y-ambn \n-e-sim- p- kn.hn.am-xyp tp -W-en-kw cw-k-øp {]-h - Øn- p- s]-s -t m-kv-x-cm-b F- m-h-cp-ss-bpw tpy-jvt k- tlm-z-c-\m-wv. ]-cn-an-x-am-b hm- p-iƒ sim- v F-gp-Øn \q- X-\ ssi-en kr- n-s -Sp- p- kn.hn.bp-ss te-j-\-ß-fpw Ip-dn- p-i-fpw Nn- m-hn-j-b-ß-fpw {it -b-am-wv. 'hn-ip- \m- n-te-s m-cp bm- {X' F- X-s ]p-kv-x-iw k- m-c km-ln-xy-øn-se an-i- Ir-Xn-I-fn-sem- m-wv. s{si-kv-xh km-ln-xy A- m-z-an, k - k-an-xn, tem-tkm-kv ss_-_nƒ tim-tf-pv, Ip-ssh- v {In-kv-Xy ssd-t -gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb-j, s^-tem-jn- v Hm-^v {In-kv-Xy N - -kv Xp-S-ßn-b k-an-xn-i-fpss ]p-c-kv-im-c-߃- p-s-a-bm-wt±-lw. ku-ay-hpw e-fn-x-hp-am-b Po-hn-X ssi-en- v D-S-a-bm-b kn.hn.am-xyp Xr-iq B-ev-]m-d sf.]n.kn k-`mw-kw B-Wv. `m-cy: A-Ωn-Wn am-xyp. a- ƒ: B-in-jv, D-j-kv. a-cp-a- ƒ: \n-ωn, _n-tpm-bv. cm-jv-{s-ø-e-h- m-cn C-Ø-cw Zpcm-flm- ƒ Ip-Sn-bn-cp- m D- m-ip- Zp-c- w F-{X `-bm-\-iam-wv F- v N-cn-{X-Øn-te- v t\m- n-bm a-\- n-em-ipw. bn- {km-tb-en-se H- m-a-sø cm-pmhm-b iu ssz-hm-flm-hn-s A- `n-tj-i-ap- -h-\m-bn-cp- p. F- m ]n- o-sv A-`n-tj-Iw \-jv- S-am-bn. H-cp Zp-cm-flm-hv iu-en-s\ _m-[n- p. X -^-e-am-bn X-s a- cp-a-i-\pw A-`n-tj-I-ap- -, hn-izkv-x-\m-b Zm-ho-Zn-s\ sim- p- - Xn-\v iu ]-cn-{i-an- p. Zm-ho-Zns\ k-lm-bn- p-sh- Im-c-W-w ]- d- v \n-c-]-cm-[n-i-fm-b F -]- Øn-b- v ]p-tcm-ln-x- m-sc iu sim- n- p. P -Ω-\n-bn-se G-Im-[n-]-Xnbm-bn-cp- A-tUmƒ-^v ln- v-e c- mw tem-i-a-lm-bp- -Im-e-Øv A-dp-]-Xv e- w b-lq-z- m-sc sim- -Xpw, Iw-t_m-Un-b-bn-se {]-[m-\-a-{ n-bm-bn-cp- t]mƒ t]m- v C-cp-]-Xv e- -Øn-\pw ap- -Xv e- -Øn-\p-an-S-bn P-\-ßsf {Iq-c-am-bn h-[n- -Xpw, tkm-hy- \yq C y N v Hm^v tkmuv P\d I sh j Nn-ß-h-\w: \yq C- y N - v Hm- ^v tkm-uv P-\-d I -sh -j P-\p-h-cn 9 13 Rm-b hsc Nn-ßh-\w s_-ty-kv-y \-K-dn \-S- pw. 9 \p ssh-in- v 6 a-wn v k- `m {]-kn-u v ]m-kv- hn.f X- ºn I -sh -j D -L-S-\w sn-øpw. ]m-kv-t -gv-kv Sn.sP im-apth (]p-\-eq ), jn-_p txm-a-kv (bp-f-kv-f), _m-_p sn-dn-bm (]n-d-hw), B.F-{_-lmw (\yq- U -ln), tp- -_v am-xyp, A-\ojv txm-a-kv, {]n -kv txm-a-kv, _n- Pp X-ºn Xp-S-ßn-b-h cm-{xn tbm- K-ß-fn {]-kw-kn- pw. ]m-kv-t -gv-kv \q -Zn ap- (_ -Kmw), sd-pn Ip-cy (tzml), am - n ^n-en- v (tkm-h), _n-\p X-ºn ( I - - ) Xp-S-ßnb-h ]-I tbm-k-ß-fn {]- kw-kn- pw. sh- n-bm-gv-n 2 a-wn- v kn-ã a-dn-bm-ω X-ºn-bp-sS t\-xr-xz-øn \-S- p- k- tlm-z-cn k-tω-f-\-øn kn-ã ]-fl ap-x-en-bm {]-kw-kn- pw. i-\n-bm-gv-n ssh.]n.kn. F -kt -kv-iqƒ kw-bp-x hm -jn-i k-tω-f-\-øn-epw D- - v \-S- p- bp-h-p-\ k-tω-f-\-øn-epw ]m-kv- A-\o-jv G-e- m-d {]- kw-kn- pw. kn-ã s{]-kn-kv tpm B-cm-[-\- v t\-xr-xzw \ -Ipw. s{si-ãv t^m C- y knw-tk-gv-kv Km-\-ip-{ip-j- v t\- Xr-Xzw \ -Ipw. ]m-ã hn.f X-ºn sn-b -am-\m-bpw ]m-ã t_m-_ txm-a-kv P-\-d I ho-\-dm-bp-ap- I -sh -j I-Ω- n {I-ao-I-c-W-߃- v t\-xr- Xzw \ -Ip- p. Hmkvt{Senb C y s]s t mkvx tim ^d kv v bq-wn-b-\n-epw ssn-\-bn-epw a- v A-t\-Iw cm-py-ß-fn-ep-ambn cm-jv-{s-ø-e-h- m `-c-w-iq- S-Øn-s kw-hn-[m-\-߃ D-]- tbm-kn- v tim-sn- -W- n-\v \nc-]-cm-[n-i-sf sim-s m-sp- nb-xpw ]-cn-tim-[n- p-tºmƒ A-h- - - mw ]n- n hm-gv-n- Iƒ F- v Xn-cp-sh-gp-Øv hn-tijn- n- p- `q-xm-flm- -ƒ hym-]-cn- n-cp- p-sh- v hy- - am-ip- p. \-Ωp-sS Im-e-L- - Øn \mw ]m - p- tz-i-ßfn-epw C-Ø-cw hm-gv-n-i-fp- v. A-h-bm D-tØ-Pn-X-cm-Ip- `-c-wm-[n-im-cn-iƒ h-cp-øn-hbv- m-\n-s-bp- Zp-c- -ß-sf X-S- p-\n -Øp-hm B-flob-a-Wv-U-e-Øn bp- w sntø- -Xp- v. \-ap- v t]m-cm- -ap- -Xv P-U-c- -ß-tfm-S-, hmgv-n-i-tfm-spw A-[n-Im-c-ß-tfm- Spw Cu A- -Im-c-Øn-s tem-im-[n-]-xn-i-tfm-spw kz - t m-i-ß-fn-se Zp-jv-Sm-fl-tk- \-tbm-sp-a-t{x -(F-s^.6:12) F- v ]u-tem-kv A-t m-kv-x-e \-sω Hm -Ωn- n- p- p. \m- n -\n- v X-ß-sf A-b- p-i-fbm-xn-cn- m A-t]- n- K-Zc-tZ-i-sØ `q-xm-fl- -sf-t mse, \m-sp-hm-gn-i-fm-b `q-xm-flm- ƒ \-Ωp-sS \m- n-epw P-\-ßsf _m-[n- v k-i-e Xn- -bpw A-ip- n-bpw tæ- -X-I-fpw sime-]m-x-i-ß-fpw sn-øn- p- p- v. ^n-en-s m-kv i-a-cy-bn-epw, F-s^-tkm-kn ]u-tem-kpw ssz-h-i- n-bm P-\-ß-sf `q-xm-flm- -fp-ss _- -ßfn -\n- v hn-sp-hn- -Xp-t]m-se C-\n-bpw kw-`-hn-t - n-bn-cn- p- p. {_n-kv-s_-bv : Hm-kv-t{S-enb C- y s]-s -t m-kv- X tim -^-d -kn-s H-º- Xm-a-Xv k-tω-f-\w 2019 G-{]n am-kw h-sc {_n-kv-s_- bv-\n h- p (t\m -Øv-ssk-Uv {In-kv-Xy tim-tf-pv,151 ^v-tem- Œv-S kv-{so- v, F-sh - ]m - v-, Izo -kv em -Uv ) \- S- p- -Xn-\p- H-cp- -߃ ]ptcm-k-an- p- -Xm-bn \m-j-w {]-kn-u- v- ]m-ã txm-a-kvtpm -Pv A-dn-bn- p. ""ssz-h-`-b-øn hn-ip- nsb Xn-I- p-simƒ-i''(2sim-cn. 7:1)F- 'Xow' A-Sn-ÿm-\-am- n kz-tz-i-øpw, hn-tz-i-øpap- A-`n-jn- -cm-b I -Xr- Zm-k- m ssz-h-h-n-\w ip-{iqjn- p- -Xm-Wv. bq-øv skj, ^m-an-en sk-j, te- Uo-kv sk-j F- n-ß-s\ hn-hn-[ sk-j-\p-iƒ \-S- pw. t^m

11 11 ka-im-eni ]{XnI MATRIMONIALS / CLASSIFIEDS Unkw_ 05 Pentecostal parents invite proposal for their daughter 156cm 24,M.A, M.Phil, Ph.D aspirant seeking suitable alliance from the parents of God fearing ministry oriented, Post graduate, professionals preferably from Australia, U.S, Europe bijipoovakatil@gmail.com Remarriage (44/158) Pentecostal Boy TPM 44/158 Looks Degree Permanent Govt. Employee Fair Healthy good testimony parents of suitable pentecostal/other christain Denominations employed girls 1st/2nd expecting generations contact directly photo biodata convince then proceed , , Law Office of Mathew Vairamon Dr.Mathew M Vairamon, M.S., LL.M., Ph.D Houston, Texas Attorney & Counselor at Law Accredited General and Family Mediator Notary Practice in Immigration Law, Social Security, Non profit exemption from IRS, Personal injury, Business Law, Contract, Power of Attorney and Wills Phone # mathewvairamon@gmail.com \m-sm s]-s -t m-kv-xp bp-h-xn 30, 158cm, B.Tec, Deputy Manger B-bn State Bank of Indiabn tpm-en sn-øp- p. k - m /_m- v tpm-en-bp- bp-hm- -fp-ss am-xm-]n-xm- -fn \n- pw hn-hm-lm-tem-n-\-iƒ - Wn- p- p , ae-bmf Bcm-[\ BhSn ta ss v F Pn-\n-b-dnwKv timtfpn\p kao]w ]mã kn. A Ip v No. 70, I.P.C Peniel Prayer House, Srinivasan Nagar Etrn Veltech Vellanoor, Avadi Chennai, Mob: ]p\ hn-hmlw Zn s] -t m-kvxp-anj bphmhv 44/158 ImgvNbn k m tpmen s^-b \ km yw kmap- Zm-bnI Np p-]m-sp-i-fn \n pw th s] v 7 Xe-ap-dbmbn n.-]n.fw hnizm-k- Øn ASn-bp-d p \n - p IpSpw_w am\- m- c-s tpmen-bp A ym- ]-I, Hm^o-tkgvkv ap K- W\ Xe-ap-d-Iƒ {]Xo- n- m-hp ^Ãpw sk v kzoimcyw A\ptbm-Py-amb am\- m- -cs F m-{in-kvxym bph- Xn-I-fpsS amxm-]n-xm- -fn \n pw Btem-N-\-Iƒ Wn- p- p. t^mt m _tbm-tu m t\cn _ - s v t_m y-s -Sp-I am -tøm-a bp-hm-hv (33/177 C-cp-\n-dw. B.Com, MBA Zp- _m-bn tpm-en sn-øp- p. hn-tz-i-øv tpm-en-bp- -txm, tpm-en- v km-[y-x-bp- txm B-b bp-h-xn-i-fp-ss am- Xm-]n-Xm- -fn \n- pw hnhm-lm-tem-n-\-iƒ -Wn- p- p. k-` G-Xp-am-Imw , Xt X mø Imc-W- Øm hnhm-l-tam-n\w t\snb bphmhv 42 hb- v, e -\n ÿnc-xm-akw MBA 163 sk.-an. Dbcw A\p-tbm-Py-cmb bph-xn- I-fpsS amxm-]n-xm- -fn \n pw hnhm-lm-tem-n-\- Iƒ Wn- p- p. Whatsapp: nrimarriage2018@gmail.com Pentecostal girl, 34, Masters Degree (UK). Seeking proposals from qualified boys Pentecostal girl, 35, MA. Seeking proposal from educated boys snss -bn ae-bmfw Bcm-[-\ Pastor. C.K. Reji snss -bn ]pxn-b-xmbn hcp- h-sc ae-bm-fw Bcm-[-\-bn-te v kzm-kxw snøp- p. ÿew Chromepet, Airport \pw Tambaram -Øn\pw \Sp v Church of God (Full Gospel) In India No: 25/2 New colony 13th cross street Chromepet Chennai - 44 SUNDAY CLASS 9-10 AM MALAYALAM WORSHIP 10 AM PM Phone , Mob: RE LOCATE TO DALLAS FOR YOUR DREAM HOUSE!!! CALL REALTOR MATHEW C. SAMUEL SFR, ABR, SRES, SRS, GRI, AHWD cell BEAM REAL, ESTATE LLC WEBB CHAPEL RD hnev-]-\-bv v amth-en- -c-bn 6 sk v ÿ-e-hpw 2300 kv-iz-b -^o- v ho-spw, Xn-cp-h ]m-bn- m-sv 6 sk pw ]p-xn-b-ho-spw, Ip-º-\m-Sv 8 sk v ^v-tfm- pw hn-ev-]-\-bv- v hst C y-bn P\n p hf kndn-b s]s t mkvxv bphm-hv, JØ, 42, 5'7'', t]m-fn-ss-iv-\niv F n-\n-b-dnwkv ]p\ hnhm-lw, _m y-x-i-fn-. \m n ÿnc-xm-a-kw. lnμn kwkm-cn- m-\-dn-bmhp tpmen-bp sszh- `-b-ap s]s -t mkvxv bph-xn-i-fpss amxm-]n-xm- -fn \n pw hnhm-lmtem-n-\-iƒ Wn p sim p- p Pentecostal parents invite proposals for their daughter (32, 168cm) BAMS, MPH doing PHD working as senior Health Manager in a charity Trust at Bombay DALLAS TX Tel: , msamuel7@yahoo.com, A-tUm-Wm-bn tlmw-sa-bv-uv ^p-uv-kv TH FEBRUARY 2019

12 MARUPPACHA Planthottam Complex Tiruvalla Ph: Unkw_ 05 R.N.I. Reg No.67619/97 Postal Reg. No. KL/TLA/100/ License No. KL/TLA/WPP-116/ Licensed to Post without Prepayment Date of Publication Kƒ^v, Ata-cn-, Cw v XpS-ßnb cmpy-ß-fn \n pw- t\cn p Sqdp-Iƒ. k`-iƒ pw anj kwl-s\iƒ pw th n {]txyiw ]mt -PpIƒ! \yq-u ln, apw-ss_, _mw q, sim- n F- n-hn-s-ßfn \n pw bm-{xm-kw-l-߃. JORDAN ISRAEL PALESTINE EGYPT Departures from USA, UK, CANADA, MIDDLE EAST & INDIA.. Cu bm{x-bpss {]txy-i-x-iƒ tami hmkvzø \msv Zqsc-\n pw Z in s\t_m ] Δ-X-Øn \n pw bm{xm-cw`w Keoem S-en t_m p-bm{x tbip tbml- m-\m kv\m\-ta tpm ±m- \Zn- -S-hn kvtxm{x ip{iqj Ipcn-ins hgnsb [ym\-bm{x Acn-a-Xy- m-c tpmk-^ns I d txm -Øn Bcm-[-\bpw I Ør-ta-ibpw ]q Δ ]nxm- - m-cpss I -d-i-fp slt{_m kμ i\w sl Ω KtZm bp w \S- m t]mip sakntzm Xmgvhcbn-eqsS bm{x ^nen- ns ssik-cy-bn kμ i\w sbcp-itew tzhm-ebw \n Ωn- m Xøm-sd-Sp- p ÿew Nmhp-I-S-ense A\p-`-h-߃ bn{k-tb a ƒ XmhfaSn ÿeøp IqSn {]bmww sn -S XocØv cm{xn hn{iaw kqbkv I\m IS p sibvtdm-bn-te v ss\ \Zn-bn I bm{xbpw AØm-ghpw CuPn-]vjy ayqkn-bw, ]nc-anup-iƒ, kv^nßvkv, tpmk^pw adn-bbpw tbip p- p-ambn Hfn p ]m Ø ÿe-߃.. bm{x snøp {][m\ ÿe-߃ tpm -±m : A-tΩm, tam-hm-_v, ]n-kv- Im sim-sp-ap-sn, Kn-e-bm-Zv, tpm -±m Xmgv-h-c. bn-{km-tb : tkmem Ip- p-iƒ, ^nen- n-s ssi-k-cy, tbm-, ssl-^, ss A-ho-hv, I -tω ] -Δ-Xw, s_- lm-bv Km -U, sb-cn-tlm ]- -Ww, \- t{k-øv {Km-aw, Kn -Km, Nm-hp-I-S, a-kv-z-e-{km-aw, i-a-cy, _-ty, \-bow, Im- \, bm-t m-_n-s In-W, a-iv-t]-e, sl-t{_m, G-em-Xm-gv-h-c, sl -Ω-KtZm, K-eo-e- -S, tpm -±m \-Zn, sb-cp-i-tew, _-Y-\n, t_-xv-e-tlw, Xmt_m -a-e, ko-tbm -a-e, H-en-hp-a-e, tkm -tkm-ym, I-øm-^m-hn-s A-c-a-\, Ip-cn-in-s h-gn, A-cn-a-Xy- m-c tpmk-^n-s I- -d-tøm- w, Jpw-{_m. Cu-Pn-]v-Xv: ko-\m-bv, tlm-tc-_v, am-dm, F-en-w, ^-d-thm-\n-iv hn-t -Pv, sn- -S, kq-b-kv I-\m, ss\, kv-^nw-kv-kv, ]n-c-an-up-iƒ, ]p-cm-x-\ k-`-iƒ. Hm Ω-bn kq n- m F{X-sb{X ÿe-ßfpw ImgvN-Ifpw... ASp-Ø-bm-{X s^{_p-h-cn 18 Printed, published and owned by Achenkunju Elanthoor, Planthottam Complex, Tiruvalla-1. Printed at Rashtra Deepika for MGM Offset Press, Kottayam, Published at Planthottam Complex, Tiruvalla-1 Editor : Achenkunju Elanthoor.