s]-s -t m-kvx-tcmsv am v tnmzn- p

Transcription

1 1 05 ka-im-eni ]{XnI MEMBER NEWS PAPERS ASSOCIATION OF INDIA BKÃv Tel hmeyw. 18 e w. 15 hne `.4.00 Published from Thiruvalla on H ve-tlm-a-bn bp.fkn sf.]n.kn v h ap-t w sf.-]n.kn ^manen tim {^ kn ko\n-b k`m ip{iqj-i- ]mã amxyp kmap-h {]kw-kn- p- p. hn k tpmk-^v 3 Du p-]p-c-i-fpw Xp-em-`m-chpw ]n-s \-{km-wn-ifpw -sim- p- m- I-tØm-en- m k-aq-lw hm- psim- pw {]-h -Øn-sIm- pw s]-s -t m-kv-x-sc ]o-un- n- - Xn {^m -kn-kv ]m- am- p tnm-zn- p. I-tØm-en- m k-`-sb a-l-xn-bmw _m-_n-tem F- pw am -]m- -sb A- n- {In-kv-Xp-sh- pw ]-d- -h - p-th- n G-Xp s]-s t m-kv-xp t\-xm-hv am- p tnm-zn- pw! lqã : Ata-cn- -bnepw Im\- U-bn-ep-ap s]s -t m-kv-xv hnizm-kn-i-fpss G -hpw henb kwk-a-øn\v Xnc-»oe howp. hnizm-kn-iƒ v Bfl-\n-hr-XnbpsS Zn\߃ kωm-\n 12- maxv ktω-f-\-amwv lqã-wn \S- -Xv. Pqsse hsc \S ktω-f-\-ß-fn Bbn-cß-fmWv Hmtcm Znh-k-ß-fnepw FØn-b-Xv. I ho-\ tum.-g-{_lmw Nmt m DZvLm-S\w snbvxp. {InkvXp-hn Pbm-fn-Iƒ F -Xm-bncp p Nn m-hn-j-bw. ]mã amcm-b Ãohv dn n, kvtim v s{i j-a, Sn.-Un. -_m-_p, cmpp ta{x, tp- _v tpm, kmw tpm v, t n h Kokv F nh {]kw-kn- p. {]ikvx Kmb- I-cmb tdm-_n tk _m Uns a[p-tcm-x-c-amb Km\-߃ kwko- X-Øns \m-z-hn-kvabw Hcp Ahn-kva-c-Wob A\p-`-h-ambn bph-p-\-߃ v Xo p. ap h j-ßsf At]- n v ]e-xp-sim pw sa -s - -Xm-bncp p Cu h jsø tim - {^ kv. 14- m-axv tim {^ kv H -e-tlm-a-bn \S-Øp-hm Xocp-am-\n- p. CXns Npa-X-e- Iƒ mbn ]mã AeIvkv sh n- (I ho-\ ), tpmbn Xpº-a (sk-{i- -dn), kmapth tbml- m ({S-j-dm ), sh n Bepw-aq- n (bqøv tim Un-t\- ), knã tkm^n h Kokv (te-uo-kv tim Un-t\- ) F n-hsc Xnc-s -Sp-Øp. Xn-cp-h- : B-cm-[-\-bv- p ap -Xq- w \-ev-in k-`m-hy-xym-kw Iq- Sm-sX A-Sn-ÿm-t\m-]-tZ-i-ß-fn k-am-\-x-bp- F- m s]-s t m-kv-xp hn-`m-k-ß-fpw tn - v H.-]n.-F a-kv- - n-s B-cm-[-\ A-b-hn-d- n Pq-sse 19- mw Xo-b- Xn Xn-cp-h- im-tcm Hm-Un-t mdn-b-øn H.- -]n.-f Ip-Spw-_ kw- K-aw \-S- p. H.-]n.-F bp-ss ap -ip-{iq-j- I ]m-ã ssh. tpm - p-ip- n-bp-ss A- y- -X-bn Iq-Sn-b B-cm-[-\-bn sf.- -]n.-kn ti-cfm tã- v Iu -kn sk-{i- -dn ]m-ã ^n-en- v ]n. txm-a-kv h- N-\-ip-{iq-j \n -Δ-ln- p. 2 cm- Pm. 4:1 7 h-sc-bp- hm-iy-߃ B-kv -]-Z-am- n Xm kw-km-cn- p. `- -\m-b a-\p-jy-\pw _p- n-ap- v A-Y-hm Zm-cn-{Zyw D- m-imw. F- m `- n-bn Po-hn- -h-s a- ka-im-eni ]{XnI F.sF. tpm -Pp-Ip n h-øn- m : s]-s -t m-kv-xphn-izm-kn-i-sf hm- p-sim- pw {]- hr-øn-sim- pw D-]-{Z-hn- n- p- I-tØm-en- - p-th- n k-`-bpss ]-c-am- y- -\m-b {^m -knkv am -]m- N-cn-{X-Øn-em-Zy-ambn s]- -t m-kv-x-tcm-sv am- v A- t]- n- p. Pq-sse 29- mw Xo-b-Xnbn-se hm -Ø-bn-em-Wv h-øn- m td-un-tbm C- m-cyw s]m- Xp-tem-I-sØ A-dn-bn- -Xv. am -]m- -bm-ipw ap-ºv, _yp-h- \-kv F-tb-gv-kn B - v _n-j- v B-bn-cp- k-a-b-øm-wv C- - en-bn-se C-hm- -en- N - v Hm-^v sd- -kn-en-tb-j F- s]- -t m-kv-xp-k-aq-l-øns ÿm-]-i-\m-b ]m-ã Pntbm-sh-\n {S-sb- n-t\m-sb ]-cn-nb-s -Sp- -Xv. I-gn- H-cp h - j-øn-\n-s-bn h-øn- m-\n X- s h-k-xn-bm-b km m am -Øbn h- v ]m- m hn-hn-[ s]- t m-kv-xp-hn-`m-k-ß-fp-am-bn Iq-Sn- m-gv-n-iƒ \-S-Øn-bn-cp- p. Pq-sse 28- mw Xo-b-Xn Xn- - fm-gv-n Z- n-w C- -en-bn-se I- t - -bn- F-Øn-b t]m- v, kz- Im-cy Iq-Sn- m-gv-n-bm-bn ]m-ã Pn-tbm-sh-\n {S-sb- n-t\m-sb-bpw Ip-Spw-_-sØ-bpw A-`n-hm-Zyw snbv-xp. ]n- o-sv, D-Ø-c, -Z- n-w A-ta-cn- -bn -\n- pw, C- -en-bpss hn-hn-[-`m-k-ß-fn -\n- pw F- Øn-b C-cp- q-tdm-fw h-cp- {]- Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ \-ev-in-b kzo-i-c-w- Øn kw-_- n- p- -Xn-\n-sS am -]m- -sb F-s {]n-b k-tlmam ]m s]-s -t m-kvx-tcmsv am v tnmzn- p H.-]n.-F IpSpw_ kwkaw H.-]n.-F Ip-Spw-_-kw-K-a-Øn sf.-]n.-kn ti-c-fm tã- v sk-{i- -dn ]m-ã ^n-en- v ]n. txm-a-kv ap-jy-{]- `m-j-ww \-S-Øp- p. ]m-ã -am-cm-b tpm -k am-xyp, ssh. tpm -Pv-Ip- n, tp- -_v ]n. F-{_-lmw, _m- _p km-ap-th, kn.-hn. am-xyp, A-e-Iv-kv tpm, hn.-sn. ]u-tem-kv, F.-Pn. Nm-t m F- n-h k-ao-]w k-t m-j-kq-n-i-am-b \o- I-c-tLm-j-߃- n-ss ]m- m, I-gn- Im-e-ß-fn hm- p-ifm-epw {]-hr-øn-i-fm-epw s]- -t m-kv-x-sc ]o-un- n- n- p- I-tØm-en- - p-th- n am- v A-t]- n- p. \m-sa- mw ]m-]n-iƒ X-s, ]- t, \mw I -Øm-hn-s km- n- y-øn \-S- p- -Xn-\v ss[-cy-ap- -h-cm-i-ww. ]u-tem-kv sim-cn- y -s -gp-xn-b te-j-\w D- -cn- p-sim- v, {In-kv-Xp-hn-s i-co-c-øn-\v hn-hn-[ A-h-bh-ß-fp-s - pw F- m F- m A-h-b-h-ßfpw X-Ωn ]-cn-ip- m-flm-hn-s {]-hr-ønbm \n-c- n- -s - v G-I-i-co-cw B-bn-cn- p- p-sh- pw ]d- p. -sf I-S- m ]n-sn- p-sim- p t]m-ip-hm ssz-hw A-\p-h-Zn- n-. Zm-ho-Zv A- w C-c- n- p- v. F- m A-h-s k- -Xn- v C-ct - -Xm-bn h- n- n-. am-xm-]n- Xm- -fp-ss \- -bm-wv X-e-ap-d A- \p-`-hn- p- -sx- pw B-b-Xn- \m X-e-ap-d-sb ssz-hw A-\p- Z-cm F- v kw-t_m-[-\ sn-bv- Xp-sIm- v, ]m-ã Pn-tbm-h-\n Cu k-μ -i-\-øn-\v ]m- m-tbm- Sv {]-txy-iw \-μn tc-j-s -Sp-Øn. A-Sp-Ø-Im-ew h-sc Nn- n- m t]m-epw I-gn-bm-Xn-cp- H-cp kw- K-Xn-bm-Wv C-Ø-cw H-cp Iq-Sn- mgv -N F- pw, X-s k-`mw-k-ß-fn A-t\-Iw t] \n-xy-hpw ]m- mbv- p-th- n {]m - n- p- p-s - pw, am -]m- m-bm-bn Xn-c-s - Sp- -s - -Xv ]-cn-ip- m-flm-hn-s {]-hr-øn-bm-bn X-߃ I-W- m- tijw9 mw t]-pv {K-ln- p- -Xn-\v am-xm-]n-xm- ƒ `- n-bp-ss km- yw ]p-e -Øn Po-hn- -Ww F- pw A-t±-lw ]- d- p. tijw 9 mw t]-pv

2 2 ka-im-eni ]{XnI snb am tpm h Kokv amt\-pnwkv FUn- Ãm en tpm v No^v FUn- A Ip v Ce- q Hmh kokv FUn- DΩ F_-t\-k Hmh kokv Ub-d-Œ tum. Fw.-F-kv. kmap-h dkn-u v FUn- Ipcym-t mkv txm -Øn Atkm-kn-tb v FUn-t gvkv h Kokv amxyp Nm eokv amxyp sdpn aqtesw amxyqkv ]n. tpm tpmkv sf -c- Sn sd n tp _v tpm Pv s_ n sim p-h-s-t k_v FUn-t gvkv sp n h Kokv spbv -txm-akv amen-bn s]m Ω kmw kvs]jy dnt m t gvkv osbkv I -amw-aq- n sdpn h Kokv shæn- pfw ^n n s_ -an h Kokv PÃkv N{μ-t_mkv kmw amxyp bp.- F-kv. -P-\-d tim -Hm Un-t\- ^n n cmpp lqã bp. -si. P\-d tim -Hm Un-t\- PnPn _tdmu bp.-f.-c. P\. tim -Hm Un-t\- tpm aømbn AXn-cp- kmw ]Wn- tpm. tim -Hm Un-t\- spbnwkv taa\ tim -Hm Un-t\-t gvkv si.- n.-tpm-jz tpm Im p-]-d-ºn- cmp G{_lmw tpm k tpm v Umf v tpmbn kmw tp _v Im\U hm jni hcn-kwjy C y-bn : 150 cq] bp.-f-kv.-f. & Im\U : $ 50 Cw v : 20 ]u v Kƒ^v cmpy-߃ : 2000 cq] hcn-kwjy Ab-bvt hnemkw acp- πmt m w timwπivkv Xncp-h- - 1, tic-f. t^m : maruppacha@yahoo.com FUn-t m-dn-b sszhw Kmk-bn-te v \S- p p Kmk-bn \msf kviqƒ C t m! Ah-cpsS ]nt sc F mw RßfpsS ssk\yw sims m-sp- n-bt m!! PqX- p- n-iƒ sxcp-hn \røtømss CtX- p-]m-sp-tºmƒ thz-\n- m-ø-h a\p-jy-c. tem I-Ønse G hpw henb Xpd Pbn-emb ]e-kvxo-\nse Kmk-bn Ign Hcp amkw sim v sim s Ip n-ifp-ssbpw kv{xoi-fp-ssbpw FÆw c mbn-c-tøm-fw. Kmkbn \n pw HmSn c -s]- p-sim- p-hm P\-ß-tfmSv C{ktb ssk\yw ap -dn-bn v \ Ip- p. IS-en\pw h a-xn-en\pw CSbn IpSp-ßn-b-h Fhn-tS v HmSpw? sh -an-, shfn- -an-, Blmc-an-. hosn-\p-sh-fn-bn Cd-ßm-\p-am-hn-. GXp ka-bhpw ]pc-ap- I-fn anssk ]Xn- mw. {]m n- m-sa v Icp-Xn-bm AXpw \S- n-. Kmk-bnse G hpw ]pcm-x-\-amb {InkvXob tzhm-e-bhpw anssk B{IaWØn XI p. sshzypxn \ne-bhpw Htcm a am{xw. Bcm-[-\m-e-b-߃, Bip-]-{Xn-Iƒ, kviqfp-iƒ Ch-sb-bmWv PqX ssk\yw e y-an-sp- -Xv. lamkv `oi-c-hm-zn-iƒ Bbp-[-߃ kq n- n-cn- p- Xv AhnsSsbms -bm-sw v C{k-tb-en\p IrXyambn Adn-bmw. Ch kwc- n- p-hm lamkv a\p-jy-i-hnw krjvsn- p- p. bp -Øn IcpW ImWn- n v Imcy-an-s - mwv bn{k-tbens \ne-]m-sv. Ah-km-\sØ Bbp-[hpw \n ho-cy-am- ntb Ah im -cm-i-bp- q. DΩ-bpsS hb- nse Ip n-\p-t]mepw Kmk-bn kpc- n-x-xz-an-. A m-cm-jv{s-bp- -\n-b-a-ß-sf-sb mw ]cn-lkn- p-sim v PqX mfw Kmk-bpsS ta Xo - \ Ip n- p-i-bm-wv. H p \ne-hn-fn- p-hm t]mepw Cu Ip p-ßfpw kv{xoifpw _m nbp- m-hptam? Bbp-[-߃ s]mxp-ÿ-eøv sim p-h v h n v lamkv `oi-c- m P\-ßsf Np pw Iq p- p. a\p-jy-i-h-nsø lamkv Xs bmwv anssk-ep-iƒ v Cc-bm- p- -Xv. Cu simspw {IqcX Hcp \pw- Y am{x-am-i-s -sb- m-in- p-t]m-ip- p. apdn-th- -hsc FSp-Øp-sIm- p-t]m-ip-hm Xº-Sn p Ign-bp bp.-f. ZuXy-kwLw t]mepw sime-sn-ø-s -Sp ImgvN! Kmk-bnse Xpc w bn{k-tb-ens\ shd-fn-]n- Sn- n- p-i-f- p. {`m -amb Bth-i-tØmsS Kmksb XI p-tºmƒ Nn n n-x-dp- Xv a\pjy-i-co-c-ß-fm-wv. F mw Dt]- n v Poh\pw sim v HmSn-t mb B P\-ßsf C\n Bcv kwc- n pw? aq p Iuam-c- msc hi-h-cp-øn-b- Xns {]Xn-Im-c-ambn bn{k-tb XpS-ßn-h Cu Xo fn C\n F{X-\mƒ XpScpw? lam-kmtwm CXns ]n n-se v bn{k-tb-en\v Ct mgpw Xo -bn-. slt{_m-\n Zpcql-km-l-N-cy-Øn sim -s B PqX- p- n-isf Hm Øv bn{k-tb am{x-a hne-]n- -Xv. F m cmpy-ß-fn-sebpw AΩ-am s\sp-ho ]n- p. Hcp amk-tøm-f-ambn \S- p t]mcm Øn bn{k-tb-en\p \qtdmfw t]cpss Poh \jvs-am-bn. Kmk-bnse Xpc- hpw lamkv `oi-c-hm-zn-ifpw _ -an s\x-\ym-hn\p Hcp sh p-hn-fn-x-s -bm- Wv. Kmk-bn \n pw sxmsp-øp-hn-sp F m anssk-ep-i-tf-bpw, \n ho-cy-am- p-hm bn{k-tb i -am-wv. tic-f-øns aq n c v `mkw am{xw hcp Hcp Xp p-`q-anbn PqX- mcpw ]e-kvxo Imcpw XΩn Ie-ln v F{X-\mƒ \ne- \n pw? btlmh Ah v Ah-Im-i-ambn \ Inb hmkvzø tzi-amwv Cu I\m F v blq-z hniz-kn- p- p. X߃ ]nd- p-how aæv Ah-cpsS am{xw kz -am-sw v ]e-kvxo Im G p snm p- p. ]e-kvxo bym -Øn Hcp km -ev]ni cmpyw am{x-am-wv. ]e-xp- ß-fmbn InS- p ]e-kvxo cmjv{sw! tim bv -IØv Zpcn-X-a-\p-`-hn p Ign-bp Ad_v kaqlw! 1948 emwv blq-z- m- {]m -sf-t mse Henhns \msmb ]ekvxo-\n-te v ]d- n-d-ßn-b-xv. Npcp-ßnb Imew-sIm v acp-`qan DZym- \-ambn amdn. blq-z-]-c-º-c-bn s] -h temi-saßp \n p-ambn FØn-s m- n-cn- p- p. ]e-kvxo-\ni-fpss ÿe-߃ Ah ku[- ߃ \n Ωn- p- p. AXn-cp-Iƒ am n-h-c-bv p- -Xn Bcp-sSbpw kωxw Ah m-h-iy-an-. shãv _m v AXn-\p-Zm-l-cWw am{xw. F m PqX- mcpw as-ßn-sb-øn-bm ÿnxn F mipw! NnX-dn-t mb Ad_v hwi-p ]e-kvxo\n-te v Xs as-ßn-h- mepw KXn `bm-\-iw. bn{k-tb temi-øns apgp-h Xe-th-Z-\-bmbn amdn-bn-cn- p-i-bm-wv. temi-n-cn-{x-øn PqX-sc-t mse C{X-b-[nIw hwil-xybv v hnt[bamb thsdmcp kaqlw Dt m? tbml- m kv\m]-is P -ÿ-e-amb F I-cn-anse tlmtfm-timãv kvamciw kμ in- p-a-s-ßp GXp k mcn-bp-ssbpw lrzbw XI-cpw. Adp-]-Xp-e w PqX- msc \njvtq-c-ambn ln ve sims m-sp- n-b-xns t\c-dn-hp-i-fpss kvamc-iw. temi-saßpw NnX-dn-t mb blq-z\p Xß-fpsS cmpyhpw ]nxm- - m-cpss I -d-ifpw Bcm-[-\m-e-bhpw \nb-as Ihpw {][m-\- am-wv. imtemw- -k-am-[m\w ]d- mwv blq-z Bscbpw A`nhmZyw snøp- -Xv. F m C pw sbcp-i-te-ans kam-[m-\-øn- acp- bpss sh_vssk v kμ in- pi kz- w ]u-c- m-sc kw-c- n- p-hm bn-{k-tb Km-k-sb B-{I-an- p- p. B-bp-[-߃ kw-c- n- -s -Sp-hm l-amkv ]-e-kv-xo -Im-sc a-\p-jy-ih-n-ß-fm- p- p. C-Xm-Wv k- Xyw. l-am-kn-s H-fn-Øm-h-fß-fpw B-bp-[-ß-fpw X-I - p- bn-{k-tb \ -Ip- k-tμ-iw A-im- n-bp-ts-xm-wv. hn-e-a-xn- m-\m-hm-ø a-\p-jy- Po-hn-X-߃ I-\m -tz-i-øv ]- p-t]m-ip- p. \mbn Ah p {]m n-t - n-h-cp- p. shsn-bp ]Xn- mø tim -Itfm simø-f-ßtfm bn{k-tb-en-en-. btlm-hbv v bmkw Ign- p-hm blq-z\v Cs m-cm-e-bhpw C. Ah-cpsS tzhm-ebw I p-i-t m-sp-ti-jn- msx XI Øp-I-f- p. tamdn-bm-a-e-bnse B tzhm-e-b-øns Np p-a-xn-ens Hcp-`mKw am{xw AhnsS tijn- p- p. hnem-]-a-xn! F m A -Ønepw hnem-]-a-xn Xs. sbcp-itew tzhm-ebw \n ÿm\-øm-ws{x tumw Hm^v Zn tdm v ap nw Xmgn-I- p-sw. temi-øns Atbm- [y-bmwv Cu ÿew. ChnsS tzhm-ebw ]p\ \n Ωn- p-hm PqX kaqlw shº sim p- p. B ZuXyw \n h-ln- p-hm s ºnƒ C Ãn- q v kpo-h-am-wv. F p h-ne-sim-spøpw ]pxnb tzhm-ebw ]Wn-bp-hm Xøm-sd-SpØp \n p bmym-ÿn-xni PqX- m! "Rß-fpsS ain-lmsb htc-w-ta, Rß-fpsS cmpyw bym-ÿm- \-s -Sp-tØ-W-ta, R߃ v Bcm-[n- p-hm Bebw Xtc-Wta' temi-sa-ßp-\n- p-ambn FØp PqX-k-aqlw hnem-]-a-xn-en Xebn-Sn p Ic-bp- Xv Cßs\ ]d- p-sim- m-wv. {]Xym-i-bpsS NphcmWv Ah v hnem-]-a-xn. Hen-hp-a-ebv v A`n-ap-J-ambn \n p Cu tamdn-bm-a-e-bn \n p Xs -bmwv {]hm-n-i apl-ωzv kz Km-tcm-lWw snbvx-sx v ap n-߃ hniz-kn- p- p. blq-zs s\sp-ho pw ap o-ans B p-amwv au v tamdnb. temi-am-[ya IÆp-I-sf mw Ca-sh- msx Ahn-tS p t\m nbncn- p- Xv AXp-sIm- mwv. tamdn-bm-a-e-bn C\n Hcp tzhm-ebw blq-z\v ]Wn-bm-\m-hptam? ] p-sa- p-x-s bmwv blq-zs hnizm-kw. ss nƒ {]h-n- \-߃ hniz-kn- p ss{ikvx-h-cp-ssbpw {]Xym-i-b-Xm-Wv. blq-zs t]mcm- -Øn\v Cßs\sb{X-sb{X Imc-W-߃! kz w ]uc- msc kwc- n- p-hm bn{k-tb Kmksb B{I-an- p- p. Bbp-[-߃ kwc- n- -s -Sphm lamkv ]e-kvxo Imsc a\p-jy-i-h-nß-fm- p- p. CXmWv kxyw. lam-kns Hfn- Øm-h-f-ßfpw Bbp-[-ßfpw XI p bn{ktb \ Ip ktμiw Aim- n-bp-ts-xmwv. hne-a-xn- m-\m-hmø a\p-jy-po-hn-x-߃ I\m tz-iøv ] p-t]m-ip- p. bn{k-tb-en ]e-kvxo-\n-bpss ÿnxn AXn-Z-b-\o-b-am-Wv. \m p-x-s- -en Ign-bp ]e-kvxo-\n-iƒ Ad_v hwi-p. Ah ap o-ßfpw {InkvXym- \n-i-fp-am-wv. PqX- m-cpss ]ou-\-ta p Ign-bp- -h-cmwv c p Iq -cpw. Ch-cpsS kzmx-{ y- Øn-\p-th- n-bmwv t_xve-tl-anse axn-en Xe-bn-Sn v {^m knkv ]m lrzbw \pdpßn {]m n- -Xv. blq-z- m v {InkvXym-\n-Isf ]p -amwv. tbip Ah v Zmho-Zp-]p-{Xt\m ain-lmtbm A ; thiym-]p-{x\pw I -{]-hm-n-i-\p-am-wv. blq-z-a-x-øns Iƒ m-ws{x {InkvXym-\n-Xzw. ]ns Fßs\ tbip-hns\ Ah v {InkvXp-hmtbm c -I-\mtbm AwKo-I-cn- m- \mhpw? blq-z C pw Ahs ain-lm-bv p-th n ImØn-cn- p- I-bmWv. C mw hnizm-kn-iƒ ]e-kvxo ImtcmsSm -am-wv. kz w P\-X, Htc axw. Kmk-bn a\p-jy- p-cpxn \S- p-tºmƒ blq- Z-] mf- m sim -s -Sp-tºmƒ {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ GXp ] Øp \n pw? Cdm- n `oi-c- m- {InkvXym-\n-Isf sims m-sp- p- -Xn {]Xn-t -[n- mø ap ow kaq-l-tøm-ssm w \n m Xøm-d- -sb p ]d-btwm? sszh-øns kz w P\-amb bn{k-tb-en-t\msv sfiy-zm Vyw {]Jym-]n- twm? ]e-kvxo aæn acn- p-ho-gp Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw sszh- Øns kzcq-]-ønepw kmzr-iy-ønepw krjvsn- -s - -h-cm-wv. ap ow c -sat m PqX-c- -sat m ss{ikvx-h-c- -sat m th Xn-cn- m-\m-hn-. sszhw bp -{]n-b-\-. tbip-{in-kvxp-hn-eqss {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ v shfn-s - n-cn- p sszhw GsX- nepw kaqlsø sim p-ap-sn- p-hm i n-]-i-cp aq Øn-b-. ]t{xm-tk, hmfp-d-bn CSpI; hmsf-sp- p- -h hmfm F v ap -dn-bn v \ Inb {InkvXp-hmWv {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ v {]tnm-z- \w. blq-z \ne-\n n-\m-bn- m-bn-cn mw bp w snøp- -Xv. ]t a\p-jysc sims m-sp- p- -Xn \ymbo-i-c-w-an-. lamkv Bbp- [-߃ Xmsg-bn-S-s. bp w H n\pw ]cn-lm-c-a-. lam-kns ] w tncp-i-b Ic-Wo-bw. bn{k-tb \nc- ]-cm-[n-b-. lam-kns ssii-fn c - -d-bp- v. Xos m- n-sim v Xe-sNmdn-b-cp-Xv. kv{xoisfbpw Ip p-ßsfbpw A nbvs -dn-bp- Xv [m Ωn-Ia-. ka-kr-jvs-ßsf kwc- n- p-ibpw Ah-tcmSv kwb-a\w ]men- p-ibpamwv blq-z sntø Xv. imtemw temi- Øns {]m -\-bmbn amd-s. thz-\- s -Sp blq-z-t\mspw A\m-Y-\mb ]ekvxo Imc-t\mSpw tn p-\n mw. sszh-tøm-ssm w Kmk-bn-te v \ap pw k -cn- mw.

3 3 Ih tãmdn Ncn-{X-hn-NmcW ka-im-eni ]{XnI 19 mw \q- m- nse ticfw Du p-]p-c-i-fpw Xp-em-`m-chpw ]n-s \-{km-wn-ifpw tum. kmap-h s\ n-apiƒ N-cn-{Xw H-cp ]p-g t]m-sebm-wv. Nn-e-t mƒ Im-cy-am-b am- w H- pw Iq-Sm-sX Zo -L-Im-ew A-Xv t\-sc H-gp-In-s m- n-cn- pw. Nn-e-t mƒ N-cn-{X \-Zn-bpsS K-Xn- v s]-s - v am- w h- p tn-cpw; A-Xn-s H-gp- v i- - am-bn-øo-cp-i-bpw sn-øpw. \q- m- p-i-fm-bn ]-S - p ]- -en- p \n- n-cp- ]-e Iq- hr- -ß-fpw Cu H-gp- n-s K-Xn-bn I-S-]pg-In ho-sw- pw h-cpw. G-Xp \m- Sn-s N-cn-{Xw ]-cn-tim-[n- m-epw C-Xv Im-Wm-hp- -Xm-Wv. H-t -ap- m \q- m- p ap-ºv ti-c-f-øn-s N-cn-{X-K-Xn- pw ta -]-d- X-c-Øn H-cp K-Xnt`-Zw kw-`-hn- p-i-bp- m-bn. k- aq-l-øn-s A-Sn-Ø- p-ap-x ap- Iƒ-Ø- -ph-sc F- m hn-`m-kw a- \p-jy-cn-ep-w A-h-cp-sS Po-hn-X co- Xnbn-epw kw-`-hn- m-\n-cp- H-cp h-en-b ]-cn-h -Ø-\-Øn-s Xp-S- -am-wv ]-søm-º-xmw \q- m- ns B-cw-`w ap-x kw-`-hn- -Xv. ""Im-ew ssh-in-t m-bn, ti-h-e-am-nm-c- \q-ep-i-sf- mw ]-g-in-t m-bn, si- n-\n-dp-øm I-gn-bm-sX Zp - -es - N-c-Sn P-\-X \n - mw.- am- p-hn N- -ß-sf kz-b-a-s - n am- p-a-xp-i-fo \n-ß-tf Xm am- p-hn N- -ß-sf! am-s m-en-s m- o sam-gn-x-s k -Δ-Zm Im- n-c-ºp- n- p ti-c-f-øn '' F- v a-lm-i-hn Ip-am-c-\m-ims Im-e-am-b-t m-tg- pw ti-c-f- Øn k-aq-ew B- n-sn- B ]-cn-h -Ø-\-s m-sp- m- v A-Xn- \pw H-cp \q- m- v ap-ºv X-s B-cw-`n- n-cp- p. A-Xn-te- v I-S- pw-ap-ºv A- -sø km-aq-ly-]- m-ø-e-øn-s H-tc-I-tZ-i Nn- {Xw A-h-X-cn- n-t - -Xm-bn- p- v. A- -sø km-aq-ly {I-aw C- -tø-xn \n- p Xn-I- pw hy- Xy-kv-X-am-bn-cp- p. Pm-Xn k-{º- Zm-bw A-Xn-cq- -am-bn-cp- p. {_m- -W-cm-bn-cp- p A- v k-aq-l- Øn G- -hpw B-Z-cn- -s - n-cp- -Xv. -{Xo-b, ssh-iy, iq- {Z F- o Pm-Xn- m b-ym-{i-a A-Sp-Ø ]-Z-hn D- -h-cm-bn-cp- p. Cu-g-h Xp-S-ßn Xm-tgm- p- Pm- Xn-bn-ep- -h - v bm-sxm-c-h-im-iß-fpw C- m-bn-cp- p. ]-d-b, ]pe-b, th-s, Ip-d-h Xp-S-ßn-b hn-`m-kß-fn D- -h-sc a-\p-jycm-bn-t m-epw K-Wn- n-cp- n-. A- h A-Sn-a-Iƒ B-bn-cp- p. iq-{z- -m {_- -W-sc tk-hn- p-i-bm-bncp- p A-h-cp-sS I-S-a. `-S- m, A- I-º-Sn- m, Aw-K-c- -I Xp-Sßn-b ÿm- -\-߃ A-h - -h-imi-s - -Xm-bn-cp- p. Iq-Sm-sX {_m- -W-cp-sS-bpw -{Xn-b-cp-sS-bpw Kr-l-hn-Nm-c-I- m-cm-bpw `r-xy- mcm-bpw iq-{z-sc \n-b-an- n-cp- p. {In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ C-h-sc \-{km-wn-iƒ F- p hn-fn- n-cp- p. ssk-\n-i tk-h-\- Iu]o-\-Øn-s bpw c- mw-ap- n-s bpw Imew h-f-sc e-fn-x-am-b th-jam-bn-cp- p ti-c-f-øn-se P-\- ß-fp-tS-Xv. G-Xm-\pw hm-c Xp- Wn-a-Xn-bm-bn-cp- p ]p-cp- -j- m - pw kv-{xo-iƒ- pw. ]pcp-j- m A-Sn-bn Iu-]o-\w [-cn- v ao-sx H-cp Ip-dn-ap-t m t[m-øn-tbm D-Sp- pw. j - v B - p-an- m-bn-cp- p. k-º- -cm-b ]p-c-j- m H-cp c- mw ap- v txm-fn C-Spw. A-h - Æ-Pm-Xn- m-cm-b ]p-cp-j- m I- n- v \- -X a-d-bp- X-c- Øn-em-bn-c-p- p h-kv-{xw [-cn- n-cp- -Xv. B Ip- n-iƒ- v ]-Øpw ]-Xn-\m-dpw h-b- p-h-sc Iu- ]o-\w am-{x-am-bn-cp- p th-jw. C-cp-]-Xm-w \q- m- n-s ]-Ip- Xn-h-sc {Km-ao-W-cpw km-[m-c- W- m-cp-am-b Iu-]o-\-[m-cn-Ifm-b ti-c-fob _m-e- m-sc [mcm-fw Im-Wm-am-bn-cp- p. ""{_m- -W, -{Xn-b, \m-b, Xo-b, tnm-h, A-Sna-Iƒ, A-]-cn-jv-Ir-X Im- n-se P-\-߃ F- m-h-cpw th-jw sim- v hy-xy-kv-x-cm-bn-cp- p. kp-dn-bm-\n {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-sfbpw ap-l-ω-zo-b-sc-bpw th-jw sim- v Xn-cn- -dn-bm-am-bn-cp- p. \m-b- -m {_m- -W-sc-t mse Pm-Xn ]-cn-ip- n Im-Øpkq- n- p- -Xn hn- p-ho-gv-nbn- m-ø-h-cm-bn-c-p- p. 11 kv-{xo-i-fp-ss th-j-hpw h- Øn-\v \m-b- m-sc- q-sm-sx X-Snan-Sp- p- {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-sf-bpw \n-b-an- n-cp- p. hm-kv-tim-u-km-a ti-c-f-øn F-Øp-tºmƒ hm-fpw ]-cn-n-bpw [-cn- {In-kv-Xym-\n ssk-\n-i bp-hm- - m-sc I- - Im-cyw tc-j-s -Sp-Øn-bn- p- v. {_m- -W-cp-sS Ir-jn-Im-cy-ß-fp-sS \- S-Øn- pw `r-xy-tpm-en-bpw hn-izkv-x-cm-b {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-sf G-ev- ]n- n-cp- p. {In-kv -Xym-\n-Iƒ- v {_-m -W- f-sc e-fn-x-am-bn-cp- p. ssl-μ-hkv-{xo-i-fn, {_m- -W-cpw - {Xn-b-cpw ta -h-kv-{xw [-cn- n-cp- p. a- p- -h ]-søm-º-xmw \q- m- n-s H-Sp-hn t]m-epw amdp-a-d-bv- p- -Xn-\p H-cp A-\n-hmcy kw-k-xn-bm-bn I-cp-Xn-bn- -s{x. ssl-μ-h-kv-{xo-iƒ ap- p-sp- ptºmƒ \n-xw-_-øn-s h-sn-hv hy- cp-ss ho- n-\-i-øpw t -{X-Ønepw I-b-dm ]m-sn- m-bn-cp- p. A- h - v C- -ß-fp-sS k-ao-]-øv Xma-kn- mw. B-en -aq- n F- ho- p-t]-cv {In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ- v [m-cf-ap- m-bn-cp- -t m. B- ln-μp- -fp-ss hn-ip- -hr- -am-wv. A- Xn-\-Sp-Øv Xm-a-kn- p-hm-\p- {]- txy-i A-h-Im-i-am-Wv B t]-cv kq-nn- n- p- -Xv. A-h -Æ Pm-Xn- m - v B-en-\p k-ao-]-tøm, C- -߃- -Sp-tØm h-cm ]m-sn- -am-bn Im-Wm-am-bn-cp- p. h-kv-{x-[m-c-ww sim- v A- m-e-øv ssl-μ-h-kv-{xo-iƒ ]pc-p-j- m-cp-ss ap-ºn-e-[n-iw {]-Xy- -s -Sm-dn- m-bn-cp- p. F- m ap-l-ω-zo-b kv-{xo- I-fpw {In-kv-Xy kv-{xo-i-fpw amdp-a-d-bv- p- h-kv-{xw [-cn- n-cp- p. {In-kv-Xy kv-{xo-iƒ ap- p- Sp- p-tºmƒ \n-xw-_-h-sn-hv srm- cm-py-øn-s km-º-øn-i ta-j-e-bpss \-s - m-bn-c-p- A- zm-\n- p- Xm-W-h -K m - v bm-sxm-cp hn-e-bpw I-ev-]n- n-cp- n-. A- zm-\n- m-s\m-cp- Iq-, ^-ew A-\p-`-hn- m a-s m-cp Iq- F- A-im-kv-{Xo-b-am-b k-{º-zm-b-am-wv \n-e-hn-en-cp- -Xv. m-bn-cp- p. A-Xp-sIm- m-wv X- ߃ B-en -aq- n Ip-Spw-_- mcm-wv F- v ]-d- v {In-kv-Xym-\n- Iƒ A-`n-am-\n- n-cp- -Xv. H-cp ]n-sn t]-cp-iƒ \-{km-wn {In-kv -Xym-\n-Iƒ- n- S-bn ]p-cp-j- m - pw kv-{xo- Iƒ- pw h-f-sc Ip-d- p t]-cp-itf D- m-bn-cp- p- q. ss_-_n-fnse lo-{_p t]-cp-i-fp-ss cq-]m- -c-am-b A-, G-en, Nm- n, a- tijw 4 mw t]-pv {_m- -W -{Xn-b sshiy iq{z dn-hn- p-sp- pw. km-cn-bp-sp- p- B-[p-\n- I h-\-xn-i-fp-ss th-j-tø- mƒ am-\y-am-b th-j-am-bncp- p A- m-e-øv {In-kv-Xy h-\n-x-i-fp-ts-xv. km-cn-bp-sp- p- ]-cn-jv -Imcn-Wn-I-fn `q-cn-`m-k-hpw h-bdp ap-gp-h-\pw {]-Z -in- n- m-wt m \-S- v.

4 4 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Ih tãmdn Ncn-{X-hn-NmcW hn-zym-`ym-kw F- m `m-j-bpw kw-kv-ir-x-hpw ]Tn- p-i F- -Xp am-{xam-bn-cp- p. A-Xm-I-s k-h -Æ ssl-μ-h-cm-bn-cp- ]p-cp-j- m-cp-ss am- {X-w A-h-Im-i-am-bn-cp- p. ss{i-kv-x-h-cn-epw h-f-sc Np-cp- w t] - p am-{x-ta A- -c- m-\w D- m-bn-cp- p- q-. A-ß-s\ P-\-ß-fn _- lp-`q-cn-`m-k-hpw \n-c X-bn-epw A- -X-bn-epw A- -hn-izm-k-ß-fn-epw ap-gp-in I-gn- n-cp- A- -sø ti-c-f-øn-s Nn-{X-w C- v hn-`m-h-\ sn-øm t]m-epw {]-bm-k-am-bn-cn- pw. kh -Æ - v am{xw A-h-Im-i-s - hn-zym-`-ymkw ]-søm-º-xmw \q- m- n-s B-cw-`-Øn ti-c-f-øn ]m- m-xy-an-j-\-dn-am F-Øp-tºmƒ hn-zym-`ym-kw F- -Xv k-h -Æ - p-am-{xw A-h-Im-i-s - -Xm-bn-cp- p. F-gp-Ø- -s Im-ew h-sc iq-{z-\p-t]m-epw A- -cw ]Tn- m A-\p-hm-Z-an- m-bn-cp- p-ht m. A-t mƒ A-Xn Xm-sg-bp- Pm-Xn- m-cp-ss Im-cyw Nn- n- p-hm I-gn-bpw. A- -X-bp-sS A- -Im-c- Øn I-gn-bm-\m-bn-cp- p A-hcp-sS hn-[n. F- m ti-c-f-øns {]m-no-\ N-cn-{Xw ]Tn- ptºmƒ ti-c-f-øn-se B-Zn-a \nhm-kn-i-fm-bn-cp- ]-d-b, ]p-eb, Ip-d-h Xp-S-ßn-b-h-cp-sS \n- e A-Xm-bn-cp- n-. kw-l-im-e- Øn Cu hn-`m-k-øn -s - -h - v hn-zym-`ym-k-øn-\p- ku-icy-ß-fp- m-bn-cp- p. A-h-cn ]- e-cpw an-i- I-hn-I-fm-bn-cp- p. "im-e-iƒ' F- t]-cn hn-zym- `ym-k-øn-\v A-t\-Iw ti-{μ-ßfp- m-bn-cp- -Xm-bn a-\- n-em- m I-gn-bpw. Xp-S - p kw-`hn- km-aq-ln-i ]-cn-wm-a-øn ti-c-f-øn-se B-Zn-a \n-hm-kn-isf- mw A-[x-Ir-X-cm-bn A-h - v hn-zym-`ym-kw \n-tj-[n- -s - p. A-tX- - n N-cn-{X-Im-c-\pw hn-zym- `ymk Nn- -I-\p-am-b tum. si.- hn. Cu- ]-d-bp- -Xv {i- n- mw. ""kn.-fw.-f-kv. an-j-\-dn-amcp-ss B-K-a-\ L- -Øn ti-c-f- Øn-s hn-zym-`ym-k-]-c-am-b ]- m-ø-ew Xn-I- pw ]-cn-xm-]-ic-a-mbn-cp- p. kw-l-im-e-øv D-b- - im-e-i-fpw D- -X hn-zym-`ymk ti-{μ-ß-fpw Z -in- ti-c-f- Øn\v Im-e-Øn-s A-{]-Xn-l-X- {]-hm-l-øn B {]m-am-wy-sa- mw \- -s - p. Xo- -en-s -bpw sxm-so-en-s - bpw h -Æ-hn-th-N-\-Øn-s -bpw t]-cn km-[m-c-w- m - v hn-zym- `ym-k ku-i-cy-߃ \n-tj-[n- p. hn-zym-`ym-kw D- -X Pm-Xn- m-cp-ss Ip-Ø-I-bm-bn-Øo - p. k-`m-at-߃ \-ºq-Xn-cn-am-cp-sS hn- Zy-m`ym-k-Øn-\p-th- n am-{xw th -Xn-cn- n-cp- p. a- p- -h - v A-hn-sS F-Øn-t\m- m -t]m-epw A-\p-hm-Z-an- m-bn-cp- p. "I-f-cn- Iƒ' Ip-dp- - m-cp-ss Io-go Imbn-Im-`ym-k-Øn-\p am-{x-am-bn th -Xn-cn- n-cp- p. A-ßn-ßm-bn {Km-a-ß-fn B-im- m-cp-ss Iogn Nn-e "]mt-im-e-iƒ' {]-h - Øn- n-cp-s - n-epw Xm-gv- Pm-Xn- m - v A-hn-sS {]-th-i-\w e- `n- n-cp- n-. kv-{xo-iƒ- v hn-zym- `-ym-k-ku-i-cyw \n-tj-[n- n-cp- p. A-[x-Ir-X-cm-b A-Sn-a-Iƒ- pw ]n-t m- k-ap-zm-b- m - pw hn-zym-`ym-kw \n-tcm-[n- n-cp- p. K-h -sa n \n- m-i-s hn-zym-`ym-k-ÿm-]-\-߃ t\-cn- p \-S-Øp- -Xn-t\m hn-zym-`ym-k- Øn-\p-th- n ]-Ww sn-e-hm- p- -Xn-t\m bm-sxm-cp Xm-ev -]-cy-hpw C- m-bn-cp- p.- 10 kv-iqƒ F- ]-Z-tam, ]- n- q-sw F- t]m-tcm A- v ti- ncp- n-. hn-zym-`ym-kw F- m `m-j-bpw kw-kv-ir-x-hpw ]Tn- p- I F- -Xp am-{x-am-bn-cp- p. A- Xm-I-s k-h -Æ ssl-μ-h-cm-bncp- ]p-c-pj- m-cp-ss am-{x-w A- h-im-i-am-bn-cp- p. ss{i-kv-x-h-cnepw h-f-sc Np-cp- w t] - p am- {X-ta A- -c- m-\w D- m-bncp- p- q-. A-ß-s\ P-\-ß-fn _-lp-`q-cn-`m-k-hpw \n-c- - X-bnepw A- -X-bn-epw A- -hnizm-k-ß-fn-epw ap-gp-in I-gn- ncp- A- -sø ti-c-f-øn-s Nn- {X-w C- v hn-`m-h-\ sn-øm t]mepw {]-bm-k-am-bn-cn- pw. 3 mw t]-pv Xp-S dn-bw, C-f- n Xp-S-ßn-b t]-cp-ifm-wv kv -{Xo-Iƒ- v C- n-cp- -Xv. A-, A- w (l- ), Nm- n, B- n, tn-, D-Wn- n (kq-k- ), C- f- n, G-en, G-en-b (F-en-k-t_- Øv), A- (dn-t_- ), A- m-cp, D-Æn- m-cp (km-dm) F- n-ß-s\- bm-wv t]-cp-i-fpw A-h-bp-sS aqe-cq-]-ß-fpw. ]p-c-p-j- m - v C-, D-Æn-, C- n, C-Ω- n, Nm- n, C-Sn- m- n, B- n, Ip- m- n, Hu-X, Hu-tk- v F- n-ß-s\-bp- t]- cp-i-tf D- m-bn-cp- p- q. Ip-eo-\ ssl-μ-h kv-{xo-iƒ- n- n-cp- t]-cp-i-fpw B-[p-\n-I - vv hn-nn-{x-am-bn-tøm- mw. C- n- n-cn, C- -tß-en, C- n- m-]v-xn, C- Æn- m-fn, Xm-{Xn, Nn-cp-X, \-tßen C-ß-s\ t]m-ip- p ]-g-b A-`n-Pm-X-\m-a-߃.- Pm-Xn-hy-h-ÿ I -i-\-am-bn ]m-en- m F- m-h-cpw _m- yÿ-cm-bn-cp- p. ""{_m- -W, - {Xo-b, \m-b- m, Xp-S-ßn-b k- h -Æ-ln-μp- ƒ- v hn-ti-jm-[n- Im-c-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b ]-Z-hn-bm-Wp- m-bn-cp- -Xv. Pm-Xn-]-c-am-b B- Nm-c-߃ hn- p-ho-gv-n-bn- m-sx ]men- m I-S-s - -h-cm-bn-cp- p A- h. Cu B-Nm-c-߃ ew-ln- p- -h-sc \m-sp-hm-gn-bp-ss B- - {]Im-cw {`- -p-i-ev-]n- v ap- o-߃t m {In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ-t m hn - p-i-bm-wv ]-Xn-hv. 1 C-cp-]-Xmw \q- m- n-s A- y-øn-epw Pm-Xn k-{º-zm-bw \ne-\n-ev- p- p-s - n-epw ]-g-b-ime-sø-t m-se A-{X cq- -a-. F- m hn-`m-k-øn-epw s]- a-\pjy - v H-cp-an- v C-S-s]-Sp- -Xn- \v kzm-x-{ y-ap- v. X-s A-S-p- \n-ev- p-i-tbm C-cn- p-itbm sn-øp- a-\p-jy G-Xp Pm-Xn-bn -s - -h-\m-sw- v _- n- tem s{s-bn-\n-tem bm-{x sn-øp- H-cp {_m- -W A-t\z-jn- p- n-. F- m {_m- -W-s A-Sp- \m-b - p-t]m-epw h- p-iq-sm-\m-h-ø H-cp C-cp- Ime-L- w \-ap- p- m-bn-cp- p. A- [ -Ω-cm-Pm-hv Xp-t]m-se, \m-b-cp-ss k-ao-]-øv Cu-g-h-t\m, Cu-g-h-s k-ao-]- Øv ]p-e-b-t\m, h-cm ]-m-sn- mbn-cp- p. A-tX- - n N-cn-{X-Im-c- m X-s ]-d-b-s ""sxm-so Iq-Sm-sX Xo- -epw I- p-iq-sm-bva-bpw _o`- -cq-]-øn A- p \n-e-\n- n-cp- p. \m-bm-sn-tbm ]pe-b-t\m \-ºq-Xn-cn-sb Im-Wm-\n- S-bm-bm \-ºq-Xn-cn- v A-bn-Øam-bn. ]p-e-b \m-b-cn \n- v A-dp-]-X-Sn A-I-se \n-ev- -Ww F- m-bn-cp- p N- w. \m-b {]- am-wn-am s]m-xp \n-c-øn-eq-ss k- -cn- p-tºmƒ, H-cp Xm-W- Pm- Xn- m-c bm-zr- n-i-am-sb- n-epw Xo- m- m-sn-\- p-dw h- v A-ip- am- p- Xv X-S-bm th- n A- h-cp-ss hm-ey- m "t]m, t]m' F- v B- n-s m- v ap-tº \-S- pw. \m-b- m - pw a- p-b - Pm-Xn- m - pw h-gn am-dn-s m-sp- m-ø Xm-W-Pm-Xn- m-c \n-bak-am-[m-\ ]m-e-i-cp-ss au-\-k- Ω-X-tØm-sS h-[n- -s -Spw.- 2 ""Xo- - m-sp-i-s- v H-cp \m-b-sc k- ao]n- m-\n-s-h-cp- Xm-W-Pm-Xn- m-c-s\ A-t mƒ-ø-s sh- nho-gv-øp-i-bm-bn-cp- p ]-Xn-hv'' F- v a-s m-cp N-cn-{X-Im-c-\pw tc-js -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p- p. 3 H-cp \m-b \-S- p-h-cp-tºmƒ H-cp ap- p-h h-gn-bn Im-Ws - m B ap- p-h D-S X- s I-an-gv- p-in-s- p-sim- -Ww. \m-b I-S- p-t]m-ip- -Xn-\p ap- ºv X-e D-b -Øn t\m- m ]m- Sn- m-bn-cp- p. Xm-W-Pm-Xn- m-sc lo-\- m, tæ- - m F v ap-{z-ip-øn-bn-cp- p. A-h D-b - Pm-Xn- m-tcm- Sv kw-km-cn- p-tºmƒ hm-bn ssi-s]m-øn ap-t m- v h-f- v Hm- m-\n- p \n- p-sim- v "A-Sn-b ' F- v B-h -Øn- p-cp-hn-s-w-am-bncp- p. Xm-W Pm-Xn- m - v {]- txy-i Nn-e ]-Z-{]-tbm-Kß-fp- mbn-cp- p. a-\- n-\v "]-g-a-\- v' F- pw `- -W-Øn-\v "I-cn- m-sn' F- pw ho-sn-\v "Ip- - m-sv' F- pw, {]-k-h-n- p- -Xn-\v "Ip-c-ßn-Sp-I' F- p-am-bn-cp- p ]-d- n-cp- -Xv. A-tX k-a-bw {_m- -W-cpw - {Xo-b-cp-am-sW- n A-h-cp-sS a- \- v "Xn-cp-a-\- pw' `- -Ww "Aa-td-Øpw' ho-sv "C- w' A-Y-h a- \-bpw B-bn-cn- pw. A-h-cp-sS kv- {Xo-Iƒ {]-k-hn- p-i-b-, "Xn-cph-b-sdm-gn-bp-I-bm-bn-cp- p' sn-bv- Xn-cp- -Xv. ti-c-f-øn-se N-cn-{X Pm-Xn-hy-h-ÿ I -i-\-am-bn ]m-en- m F- m-h-cpw _m- yÿ-cm-bn-cp- p. ""{_m- -W, -{Xo-b, \m-b- m, Xp-S-ßn-b k-h -Æ-ln-μp- ƒ- v hn-ti-jm-[n-im-c-ß-tfm-sp-iq-sn-b ]-Z-hn-bm-Wp- m-bn-cp- -Xv. Pm-Xn-]-c-am-b B-Nm-c-߃ hn- p-ho-gv-n-bn- m-sx ]m-en- m I-S-s - -h-cm-bn-cp- p A-h. Cu B-Nm-c-߃ ew-ln- p- h-sc \m-sp-hm-gn-bp-ss B- -{]Im-cw {`- -p-i-ev-]n- v ap- o-߃-t m {In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒt m hn - p-i-bm-wv ]-Xn-hv. c-n-bn-xm-hm-b {io-[-c-ta-t\m ]- d-bp- -Xp-t]m-se, "A-Xn-cq- -amb Pm-Xn hy-xym-kw k-ap-zm-b-l- S-\-bp-sS k-hn-ti-j-x B-bn-cp- p. D-b - Pm-Xn- m - pw Xm- W-Pm-Xn- m - p-an-s-bv- v B-g-tadn-b H-cp In-S-ßv A-h-sc th - Xn-cn- p-hm-\p- m-bn-cp- p.- 4 A-h-Im-i-ß-fpw A-h-Im-i \- tj-[-ß-fpw F- m-w Pm-Xn-bp-sS A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cp- p. Pm-Xnk-{º-Zm-bw Xm-sg \n- v ap-i-fnte-bv- m-bn-cp- -Xn-\m G- -hpw D- -X Pm-Xn- m-c-\m-b {_m- -W- \pw -{Xn-b-\pw B-bn-cp- p F- m A-h-Im-i-ß-fpw A-\p-`-hn- ncp- -Xv. Xm-tg- p-t]m-ip-t m-dpw A-h-Im-i-ß-fp-sS ]-cn-[n Ip-d- p-h-cpw. G- -hpw Xm-sg F- Øp-tºmƒ ar-k-߃- p- A- h-i-mi-߃-t]m-epw C- m-ø A- h-ÿ-bm-bn-cp- p. A-hIm-i-߃ F- m-h - pw H-cp-t]m-se B-bncp- n- F- p- -Xn-\v N-cn-{X-Imc- m-cp-ss I-s -Ø F- m-bncp- p F- p t\m- mw: ""\m-b-c-s- -ap- ]-e iq-{z-pm- Xn- m - pw km-aq-ly-am-b ]-e A-hIm-i-ß-fpw \n-tj-[n- n-cp- p. kz -Æm-`-c-W-߃ A-Wnbp-I, ]- - n k- -c-n- p-i, hn-ti-j h-kv-{x-߃ [-cn- p-i, X-e- m-hp [-cn- p-i, Ip-S ]n-sn- p-i (A- v Hm-e- p-s-tb D- mbn-cp- p- q), ao-i h-bv- p-i ap- X-em-b Im-cy-߃- v A-h cm- Pm-hn-t\m \m-sp-hm-gn-t m ]-Xnhp \n-c- -\p-k-cn- v A-Sn-b-d sh- v A-\p-hm-Zw hm-tß- -Xp- mbn-cp- p.- 5 Cu-g-h Xp-S-ßn Xm-tgm- p- Pm-Xn-bn -s - -h - v \- ho-sp h-bv- m-t\m, ]-ip-hn-s\ h-f - Øm-t\m, ]m D-]-tbm-Kn- mt\m, B-`-c-Ww [-cn- m-t\m A- \p-hm-zw C- m-bn-cp- p. hr-ø-n-bp- h-kv-{xw [-cn- m A-\p-hm- Z-an- m-bn-cp- p. A-h-cp-sS kv-{xo- Iƒ- v am-dp a-d-bv- m-\p- A- \p-hm-z-an- m-bn-cp- p. iq-{z-kv-{xo- Iƒ- v am-dp-a-d-bv- p- -Xn-\v hne- n- m-bn-cp- p F- n-epw A-hcn _-lp-`q-cn-`m-k-h-pw ta h- kv-{xw [-cn- n-cp- n-. A-Y-hm B- sc- n-epw ta h-kv-{xw [-cn- m H-cp {Xn-b-t\-tbm {_m- -W-s\-tbm Im-Wp-tºmƒ B- Z-c-hv {]-I-Sn- n- m th- n A- Xv F-Sp-Øp-am- p-am-bn-cp- p. ]- søm-º-xmw \q- m- n-s D-Ø-c- L- -Øn t]m-epw \m-b kv-{xo- I-fn-e-[n-Iw t]-cpw ta h-kv-{xw [-cn- n-cp- n-.- 6 Pm-Xn-bp-sS t]-cn-ep- C-Øcw A-kw-_- -߃ an-j-\-dn-amsc sr- n- p. C -Uy ap-gp-h-\pw ]-cn-n-b-s - A-h - v Pm-Xn k- {º-Zm-b-Øn-s ]-cp- ap-j߃ ti-c-f-øn-se-t m-se a-s - ßpw Im-Wm I-gn- n-.- 7

5 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Ih tãmdn Ncn-{X-hn-NmcW ""I-Æn I- -Xn-\v F- m-ap- mbn-cp- p \nipxn. A- zm-\n- p- h -K m ]m-sp-s]- v F-s - n-ep-ap- m- n-bm A-Xv sr- n- ngn-s -Sp- p- -Xn-\v F- m hn-ti-j-k-μ- -ßfpw {]-tbm-p-\-s -Sp-Øn-bn-cp- p.-'' \-ºq-Xn-cnam - v bm-sxm-cp \n-ip-xn-bpw \ -ti- -Xn- m-bn-cp- p. -{Xn-b, \m-b- m Xp-S-ßn-bh - v H-t -sd \n-ip-xn C-f-hpw A-\p-h-Zn- ncp p se Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-se \n- Ip-Xn 2,42,604 cq-]-bm-bn-cp- p. C-Xn 88,044 cq-] ]p-cp-jm- -cw, {]m- n-øw F- n-h h-gn kz-cq-]n- -Xm-Wv. \-s -s m-sn- p- \n-ip-xn-iƒ Xm-W-Pm-Xn- m km-º-øn-iam-tbm km-aq-ln-i-am-tbm H-cn- epw D-b - p-h-cm km- y-a- m- Ø co-xn-bn-ep- \n-b-a-ß-fpw hn-e- p-i-fpw B-Wvv \n-ehn-encp- -Xv. \-s -s m-sn- p- hn-hn- [ X-c-Øn-ep- \n-ip-xn-i-fm-wv A-h-cp-sS ta G -s -Sp-Øn-bncp- -Xv. hn-hm-l-\n-ip-xn, a-c-w \n-ip-xn, G-Wn- -Ww, h-e- -Ww F- p-th- X-e-h-cn, ap-e-h-cn, Ip-Sn-h-cn Xp-S-ßn A-t\-Iw \n- Ip-Xn-Iƒ G -s -Sp-Øn-bn-cp- p. ""I-Æn I- -Xn-\v F- m-ap- mbn-cp- p \n-ip-xn. A- zm-\n- p- h -K m ]m-sp-s]- v F- s - n-ep-ap- m- n-bm A-Xv sr- n- n-gn-s -Sp- p- -Xn-\v F- m hn-ti-j-k-μ `-ß-fpw {]- tbm-p-\-s -Sp-Øn-bn-cp- p.-'' 8 \-ºq- Xn-cn-am - v bm-sxm-cp \n-ip-xn-bpw \ -ti- -Xn- m-bn-cp- p. -{Xnb, \m-b- m Xp-S-ßn-b-h - v H-t -sd \n-ip-xn C-f-hpw A-\p-h- Zn- n-cp- p se Xn-cp-hn- Xmw-Iq-dn-se \n-ip-xn 2,42,604 cq- ]-bm-bn-cp- p. C-Xn 88,044 cq- ] ]p-cp-jm- -cw, {]m- n-øw F- n-h h-gn kz-cq-]n- -Xm-Wv. Du- p-]p-c-iƒ {_m- -W - p e-`n- n-cp- ]- Z-hn-Iƒ- pw `q-an-bp-ss A-h-Imi-Øn-\pw ]p-d-sa cm-py-sø-ºm- Spw A-h - p ku-p-\y `- -Ww \ -Ip- -Xn-\v Du- p-]p-c-iƒ D- m-bn-cp- p. am -Øm-fi-h -Ω a-lm-cmpm-hn-s Im-e-Øv Du- p- ]p-c-i-fp-ss F-Æw \m-ev-]-xm-bn h - n- n- p. ]-Ip-Xn F-Æ-Øn c- p-t\-cw `- -Ww X-øm-dm- n {_m- -W - p-\ -Ipw. ]IpXn FÆ-Øn H-cp t\-cw H-cp Zn-h-kw G-Xm- v {_m- - W ku-p-\y `- -Ww I-gn- pt]m- p. kw-ÿm-\-øn-s h-cpam-\-øn-s \-s m-c-p-`m-kw C-Xn- \p-th- n sn-e-hm- n-bn-cp p. Xp-em-`m-cw H-cp cm-pm-hv ÿm-\m-tcm-l- Ww sn-øp-tºmƒ kz -Æw sim- v Xp-em-`m-cw \-S-Øp-w. B kz - Æw \m-w-b-ß-fm- n k-i-e {_m- -W - pw \ -Ipw. H-cn- H-cp cm-p-ip-am-c-\v ÿm-\mtcm-l-w-øn-ep- A-h-k-cw h- p tn - p. A-t±-lw Ir-i-Km- {X-\m-bn-c-p- -Xn-\m i-co-cw X- Sn- p- -Xp-h-sc ]p-tcm-ln-x- m ÿm-\m-tcm-l-ww Xm-a-kn- n- p F- m-wv H-cp N-cn-{X-Im-c hnh-cn- p- -Xv. in- m co-xn-bn-epw hn-th-n-\w Pm-Xn-hy-h-ÿ-t]m-se {]-Ir- X-am-b in- m-k-{º-zm-b-am-wv {]m- No-\-Im-ew ap-x ti-c-f-øn \n-e-\n- n-cp- -Xv. {_m- -W F- {X- h-en-b Ip- w sn-bv-xm-epw in- e-lp-hm-bn-cp- p. -{Xn-bs\ A- n-]-co- - p hn-t[-b-\m- p-w. ssh-iy-s\ ap-x-e-i-fp-ss txm- n F-dn-bpw. iq-{z-\m-wv Ip- w sn-bv-x-sx- n - ]m-ºn Ip- S-Øn ssi C-Sp-hn- pw. A-h - Æ Pm-Xn-bn -s - -h-\m-wv Ip- w sn-bv-x-sx- n X-e sh- p-i-tbm, I-gp-hn-te- p-i-tbm sn-øp-am-bn-cp- p. Xm-W P-m-Xn- m-sc kw-_- n- n-s-tøm-fw A-tß-b- w ITn- \-am-bn-cp- p in- m-\n-b-aw. tamj-ww, tkm-h-[w Xp-S-ßn-b km- [m-c-w Ip- -߃- p-t]m-epw h- [-in- -bm-wv hn-[n- n-cp- -Xv.- 9 th-ep-ø-ºn-z-f-h-bp-ss Im-e-Øv \n- m-c-ip- -߃- p-t]m-epw A- h-b-h-߃ ap-dn- p-i, ap- m-en si- n A-Sn- p-i Xp-S-ßn-b in- -Iƒ \ -In-bn-cp- p. hn.-b. ]-c-ta-iz-c -]n- -bp-ss "th-ep-ø- ºn-Z-f-h' F- ]p-kv-x-i-øn hn-h-cn- p- H-cp kw-`-hw A- sø in- -I-fp-sS ImTn-\y-sØ- - n Du-ln- p- -Xn-\v klm-bn- p- -Xm-Wv. ""H-cn- H-cp \- ºq-Xn-cn- Xn-cp-h-\- -]p-c-øp- n- \pw h-s-t m- p t]m-hp-i-bm-bn-cp- \-\p. C-S-hm F- ÿ-e-øp-sh- v H-cp ap-l-ω-zo-b \-ºq-Xn-cnbp-sS ssi-bn-ep- m-bn-cp- sn- -w ssi- -em- n. hy-k-\m-{im- -\m-b \-ºq-Xn-cn Xn-cp-h-\- - ]p-c-øp Xn-cn- p sn- v Z-f-h-sb I- v k- -Sw ]-d- p. Z-f-h F- Æ tx- p sim- v \n-ev- p- k- a-b-øm-wv \-ºq-Xn-cn sn- -Xv. F-Æ Xp-S- p-i-f- n- v D-S \- ºq-Xn-cn-tbm-Spw G-Xm-\p-w D-tZym- K-ÿ-tcm-Sp-sam-Øv C-S-hm-bn-se- Øn I-f-hp sn-bv-x-h-sc- p kwi-b-w txm- n-b ap-l-ω-zo-b-sc Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cm-bn a-c-tøm-sv tn -Øv B-Wn X-d- p \n-dp-øn. C-ß-s\ G-Xm-\pw t] in- n- -s - t mƒ tam- m-hv sn- -w Z-f-h-bpsS ap-ºn lm-p-cm- n. A-t±-lw \-ºq-Xn-cn-tbm-Sv sn- w Xp-d- pt\m- m-\m-h-iy-s - p. A-X-\p-kcn- v Xp-d- p t\m- n-b-t mƒ A- I-Øp- m-bn-cp- ]-W-hpw kmam-\-ß-fpw A-Xp-t]m-se X-s C-cn- p- -Xm-bn- - v kw-xr-]v-x- \m-b \-ºq-Xn-cn Z-f-h-sb A-\p- {K-ln- n- v a-s-ßn''. C-ß-s\ a-\pjy-xz-c-ln-x-am-b in- m-co-xn `- c-wm-[n-im-cn-i-fp-ss \o-xn-t_m-[- søm-bm-wv Im-Wn- p- -sx- v ]p-i-gv-øm P-\-߃- pw a-sn- bn- m-bn-cp- p.- cm-py-øn-s km-º-øn-i ta- J-e-bp-sS \-s - m-bn-c-p- A- zm- \n- p- Xm-W-h - m - v bmsxm-cp hn-e-bpw I-ev-]n- n-cp- n-. A- zm-\n- m-s\m-cp-iq-, ^- ew A-\p-`-hn- m a-s m-cp Iq- F- A-im-kv-{Xo-b-am-b k- {º-Zm-b-am-Wv \n-e-hn-en-cp- -Xv. tcm-kw, A-Im-e-a-c-Ww I-gn- -\q- m- p-i-fn C- cp-]-xmw \q- m- n-s BZyZi-Iß-fn -t m-epw C -Uy-bn-se tijw 9 mw t]-pv th-ep-ø-ºn-bpw sa- m-sf-bpw 1798 \m-sp-\o-ßn-b [ - Ω-cm-Pm-hn-\p ti-jw cm-py-`mc-w G-s -Sp-Ø-Xv ti-h-ew ]- Xn-\m-dp h-b- p-am-{xw {]m-bap- m-bn-cp- _m-e-cm-a-h -Ω a-lm-cm-pm-hm-wv. A-t±-l-Øns {]m-b- p-d-hn-s\-bpw ]-cn- N-b-an- m-bv-a-sb-bpw k- -\-kns\-bpw Nn-e D-]-Nm-]-I- m ap-x-se-s-p-øp. [q -Ø-cpw, A- Xy-m{K-ln-I-fp-am-bn-cp- P-b- i- -c \-º-q-Xn-cn, i- - c-\m-cm-b-w sn- n, am-øq- Ø-c-I F- n-h-cp-ss kzm - t{]-c-xn-am-b {]-h -Ø-\- ߃- cm-py-øn-s km-º-øn- I \n-e ]-cp-ß-en-em- n. A- v X-e- p-fw Im-cy- m-cm-bncp- th-ep-ø-ºn, Nn-d-bn - Iogv sn-º-i-cm-a -]n- -bp-ambn tbm-pn- v D-]-Nm-]-I- m - s -Xn-sc P-\-Io-b {]-t m- `w kw-l-sn- n- p. a-{ n-am-sc \n-jv-im-k-\w sn-øm cm-pmhv t{]-cn-x-\m-bn. th-ep-ø-ºn cm-py-kv-t\-ln-bpw I-gn-hp- `- c-wm-[n-im-cn-bpw F- \n-ebn {]-i-kv-xn t\-sn. A-tXk-a-bw ITn-\-hpw {Iq-c-hp-amb in- m-co-xn-iƒ aq-ew P-\- ߃ A-t±-l-sØ `-b-s -Sp- ØpI-bpw sn-bv-xp ti-w tim-fn sa- m-sf Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-se {]-Y-a {_n- o-jv d-kn-u m-bn \n-b-an-x-\m-bn. sa- m-sf-bp-ss D-]-tZ-i-{]-Im-cw th-ep-ø-ºnsb Z-f-h-bm-bn cm-pm-hv \n-ban- p. A-Xn-\m B-Zyw ap- X d-kn-u p-am-bn \- kulr-z-b-øn B-bn-cp- th- ep-ø-ºn Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq Cu-Ãn -Uym I-º-\n-bp-am-bn H-cp ]p-xn-b D-S-º-Sn-bn G - s - p. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-s\ kwc- n- p- Xn-\p- ssk-\n- I sn-e-hn-\m-bn h -jw txmdpw F- p-e- w cq-] I-º-\n- p sim-sp- -Ww F- v A- Xn hy-h-ÿ sn-bv-xp. F- m- A-{X-b-pw h-en-b Xp-I Cu sn-dn-b cm-py-øn-\v A- -sø \n-ip-xn k-{º-zm-b-a- \p-k-cn- v A-S-bv- p-hm hnj-aw t\-cn- p. C-Xv th-ep-ø- ºn-bpw Cu-Ãn -Uy- -º-\nbpw X-Ωn A-`n-{]m-b-hy-Xymk-Øn-\v h-gn-sbm-cp- n. sam- Øw ]-Xn-s\- p e- -Øn A- dp-]-xn-\m-bn-cw cq-]-bm-wv I- º-\n Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq k - mcn \n- pw B-h-iy-s - -Xv. A-{X-bpw h-en-b Xp-I A-S-bvt - -Xn-s - v Z-f-hpw Xo-cpam-\n- p. Iq-Sm-sX, cm-py-øns B-`y- -c Im-cy-ß-fn-ep- d-kn-u n-s C-S-s]-S A-an-X-am-Ip- p-t m F- pw X-ºn kw-ibn- p. A-[n-Iw Xm-a-kn-bm-sX sa- m-sf-bpw th-ep-ø-ºn-bpw _- -i-{xp- fm-bn. th-ep-ø-ºn Z-f-h- ti-w tim-fn sa- m-sf 1808 sim- n-bn-se {]-[m-\- a-{ n-bm-bn-cp- ]m-en-b-ø- -\pam-bn tbm-pn- v d-kn-u n-s\-xntc H-cp I-em-]-Øn-\v X-ºn X- øm-dm-bn. A-dp-\q-dv ]-S-bm-fn-I-fpsS H-cp kw-lw sa- m-sf-bp-ss sim- n-bn-se h-k-xn B-{I-an- p. sa- m-sf A-{I-a-W-Im-cn-I-fp-sS I-øn A-I-s -Sm-sX c- -s - p. C-tXm-sS th-ep-ø-ºn {_n- o-j- [n-im-cn-i-fp-ss {]-Xn-tbm-Kn-bpw I- Æn-se I-c-Sp-am-bn. th-ep-ø-ºn-bp-ss Bƒ- mcpw {_- o-jv ]- m-f-hpw X-Ωn-ep- Xp-d- bp- -am-wv ]n- o-sv \- S- -Xv. C-cp-hn-`m-K-hpw ]-e ÿ- e-ß-fn h- v G- p-ap- n. C-cp-`m- K-Øpw Bƒ \m-i-ap- m-bn th-ep-ø-ºn N-cn-{X {]- kn- -am-b Ip- -d hn-fw-_-cw {]- kn- -s -Sp-Øn. A-tXm-sS P-\- ߃ B-th-i-`-cn-X-cm-bn. {_n- ojp-im -s -Xn-sc A-Wn \n-c- pw. A-ß-s\ cm-pm-hn-s ssi- I-fn \n- v Xo-cp-am-\-߃ h- gp-xn-t m-bn. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq k - m-cp-am-bn sn-bv-x D-S-º-Sn-Iƒ- p hn-cp- -am-bn Z-f-h i-{xp-xma-t\m-`m-h-tøm-sp-iq-sn s]-cp-am-dnb-t mƒ {_n- o-jp-im cm-pm-hns\ kw-c- n- p-hm-\pw Z-f-h-sb H-Xp- p-hm-\pw Xo-cp-am-\n- p. sim- -Øp-h- v Z-f-h-sb Bƒ- m-cpw {_n- o-jv ssk-\y-hpam-bn D-{K-k-a-cw \-S- p. Z-fh-bp-sS ho-sv {_n- o-jv ssk- \yw \-in- n- p-i-f- p. {_n- o-jp-im-tcm-sp- hntcm-[w aq-ø th-ep-ø-ºn {Inkv-Xym-\n-I-sf-bpw D-]-{Z-hn- p. {In-kv-Xp-a-X-sØ-bpw C-hn-sS \n- v Xq-sØ-dn-b-Ww F- mbn-cp- p A-t±-l-Øn-s B- {K-lw. H -]-Xp ssh-zn-i-scbpw kv-{xo-i-sf-bp-w Ip- n-i-sfbpw Dƒ-s -ss A-t\-Iw {Inkv -Xym-\n-I-sf-bpw A-t±-lw I- S-en- F-dn- p sim- p. Imcy-߃ C-{X-bpw h-j-fm-bt mƒ X-ºn-bp-sS {]-h -Ø- \-߃ cm-pm-[n-imcs-ø a-dn- I-S- p- p-sh- p cm-pmhn-\v t_m-[y-am-bn. X-ºn-sb \n-b- { n- p-hm _m-e-cm-a-h -Ω a-lm-cm-pm-hv \n -_- n-x-\mbn. A-t±-lw X-s ap -ssisb-sp-øv Z-f-h-sb-bpw {_n- ojv A-[n-Im-cn-I-sf-bpw X-Ωn A-\p-c-Rv-Pn- n- p-hm {i-aw \-S-Øn. A-Xn-\v C-cp-Iq- -cpw h-g-ßn-bn-. Z-f-h-sb X-S-hnem- m cm-pm-hv I-ev -]-\ \ - In. cm-pm-hpw F-Xn-cm-b-tXmsS X-\n- p ]n-sn- p \n - phm km- y-a- m-xm-bn. X-ºn A-\p-P-t\m-sSm- w h-s-t m- v ]-em-b-\w sn-bv-xp a-æ-sn t -{X-Øn-se im- n- m-cs `-h-\-øn A-`-bw tx- Sn. ssk-\yw ]n -Xp-S - v ho- Sp-h-f- -t mƒ X-ºn kz- w hm-fq-cn B-fl-l-Xy-sN-øp-Ibm-Wp- m-b-xv. cm-p-`-s- m th-ep-øºn-bp-ss i-co-cw Xncp-h-\- -]p-c-øp sim- p-h- v I-gp-hn-te- n. ti-c-f-øn-s B ho-c-k- m-\-sø A-{]- Im-cw A-]-am-\n- p- -Xn d- kn-u v sa- m-sf-bp-w Iq- p- \n- p. sa- m-sf-bp-ss \n-e- ]m-sn {_n- o-jv A-[n-Im-cn- Iƒ A-Xr-]v-X-cm-bn. In-cm-Xam-b Cu \-S-]-Sn-sb tem -Uv an-t m A-]-e-]n- p-i-bpw A- t±-l-sø I -i-\-am-bn im-kn- p-i-bpw d-kn-u p ÿm-\- Øp \n- p \o- -w sn-øp-ibpw sn-bv-xp. Sn- p-hn-s B-{I-a-W- Øn \n- pw c- -s]-sm a- e-_m, sim- n, Xn-cp-hn-Xmw- Iq F- o cm-py-߃ {_n- ojv ta -t m-bv-a Aw-Ko-I-cn- -t mƒ Cu cm-py-߃ "A- Sn-a-Ø'Øn A-a -s - nepw, cm-py-øn-se b-ym - A-Sn-a-Iƒ- pw, A-[x-Ir-X-h - - m - pw, kv-{xn-iƒ- pw A-t\-Iw X-e-ap-d-I-fm-bn A- \p-`-hn- p-t]m- ]o-u-\- Øn \n- pw A-Sn-a-Ø-Øn \n- pw tam-n-\w t\-sp- -Xn- \v H-cp ]p-xn-b bp-k-øn-s D-Z-b-Øn-\v A-Xv tl-xp-hm-bn. 1. F. {io-[-c-ta-t\m, ti-c-f-n-cn-{xw 1990 ]p-dw F. {io-[-c-ta-t\m, ti-c-f N-cn-{Xw, 1990 ]p-dw d-h-. sa- n-b, D- r-xw, {io-[-c-ta-t\m, ti-c-f N-cn-{Xw, ]p-dw 316 4,5. ti-c-f N-cn-{Xw, ]p-dw "The nair women, like the classes above them are not allowed to cover the upper part of their body"-proceeding of the Church Missionary Society: 1862 p "At the same time, no where is cast more despotic and more absurd than it is to this day in Travancore. Church Missionary intellegenier 1882, p d-h-. sa- n-b, D- r-xw, {io-[-c-ta-t\m, ti-c-f N-cn-{Xw, ]p-dw Purushannthram was an undefind tax upon the inhearitance of property generaly exceeding 40 percent of its value, prayachitham was a kind of tim, exacted from a person for any supposed or real offence. 10. tum.-si.-hn. Cq- : U-tbm-kn-b sk n-\-dn kp-h-\o 1980, ]p-dw Church Missionery Intelligencer: 1882, P.372.

6 6 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Christianity and its Beginnings ]tflmkv >S n > {Kokv > tdmw > høn- m shfn msv ]pkvx-i-ønse k`-iƒ ]utemkv k -cn \msp-iƒ Patmos Beyond PATMOS FOLLOWING IN THE FOOT STEPS OF ST. PAUL THE ISLAND OF PATMOS SEVEN CHURCHES OF REVELATION _p nwkv Bcw-`n p Fs^-skmkv kv-ap m s] - -sam-kv Xp-b-ssY-c k -±nkv ^n-e-sz -^y e-shm-zn ym AMPHIPOLIS PHILIPPI NEAPOLIS THESSALONICA BEREA VERGINA KALAMBAKA ANCIENT CORINTH ROME VATICAN Kƒ^v, Ata-cn-, Cw v XpS-ßnb cmpy-ß-fn \n p h pw bm{xm kwl-øn tncm {Iao-I-c-W-߃ snøp- p. ]utemkv k -cn \msp-i-ƒ tbml- ms\ \msp-i-s-ønb ]tflmkv Zzo]v shfn- msp ]pkvx-i-ønse 7 k`-i-fpss \msp-iƒ ]pxnb \nb-a-im-esø \mspw \K-c-ßfpw Patmos kphn-ti-j-øn\p km yw hln \msp-iƒ ss nƒ ]Tn- p- -h v ]pxnb Z i\w \ Ip- p. Trips from USA, UK, CANADA, MIDDLE EAST AND INDIA Ph: , theolivewaytours@gmail.com oliveway tours.com ]pxnb\nb-aøns -\m- n-eqss Hcp Znhy k mcw

7 ka-im-eni ]{XnI sf.-]n.kn tã v I h j \ne-ºq-cn tpm-pn sf- v am-xyqkv Iu -kn-ep-i-fn-epw {]-h - Ø-I k-tω-f-\-ß-fn-ep-am-bn hn- Ip-º-\m-Sv: C- y s]- -t m-kv- ]p-e-am-b {]-h -Ø-\-߃- v I- Xv ssz-h-k-` aq- mw tã- v I h -j 2014 Un-kw-_ 3-7 h- ap-ºm-bn a-e-_m-dn-s hn-hn-[ `m- Ωn- n cq-]o-i-cn- p. I -h -j-\v sc \n-e-ºq-cn- \-S- pw. ]m-ep- K-ß-fn {]-tam-j-w ao- nw-kp- \yq-tlm- v ss_-_nƒ timtf-pv {Ku- n- \-S- p- I - I-ƒ- v ]m-ã -am-cm-b cm-pp ]q-h- Iƒ \-S- pw. hn-hn-[ sk- -\pbn- p. \yq-tbm - v Nm-]v- {]- kn-u v k-pn X- -bn B-ap-J- h -j-\n ]m-ã {]-Xm-]v knw- m-e, ^n-en- v ]n. txm-a-kv, jn- {]-kw-kw \-S-Øn. tpm-kv t_-_n Kv sn-ss B-Wv ap-jy-{]-`m-j- _p s\-sp-th-en, {S-j-d k-æn kzm-k-x-hpw, A-\p-cm-Pv cm-p \- I. tã- v {]-kn-u v ]m-ã ]m-ã {]-Xm-]v knw-kv ap-f-aq- n, F.-sI. tdm-bn, μn-bpw ]-d- p. k-t -kv -Iqƒ So- si.-kn txm-a-kv D-Zv-Lm-S-\w snøpw. ]-I- ]m-e- m-sv, a-e- p-dw, dn-se sk ]m-ã -am F- n- Iu -kn Aw-K-߃, a-e-_m- nw-kv sa-uyqƒ {]-Im-i-\w CutIm-gn-t m-sv, h-b-\m-sv, I-Æq-, ticfm s]s -t m-kvx ssdt gvkv t^mdw DZv-LmS-\w sn-bvxp \yq-tbm - v: t\m -Øv A-tacn- a-e-bm-fn s]-s -t m-kv- Xv F-gp-Øp-Im-cp-sS Iq- m-bv-a-bmb ti-c-f s]-s -t m-kv-xv ssdt -gv-kv t^m-dw ]p-xn-b `m-c-hmln-i-fp-ss {]-h -Ø-I k-tω-f-\- hpw D-Zv-Lm-S-\-hpw Izo -kv hnt -Pn-ep- sf.-]n.-kn.-k-`-bn Pq-sse 20- -\v ssh-kv {]-kn-u v ]m-ã txm-a-kv In-S-ßm-en-en-s A-[y- -X-bn {]-kn-u v ]m- à _m-_p txm-a-kv D-Zv-Lm-S-\w sn-bv-xp. si.-]n.-txm-a-kv, d-h.-tum.-tpmtam si.-tpm - v F- n-h mkp-iƒ \-bn- p. ]m-ã -am-cm-b kmw n.-ap-j-ø-e, txm-a-kv Ipcy, B -hn tu-hn-uv, am-øp- p- n F- n-h B-iw-k A-dn- Ata-cn- -bn \n pw ss nƒ \m-sp-i-fn-te v Following in the Foot steps of JESUS HOLY LAND TOUR Sept Oct Feb March 7 April 29 - May 08 Contact: tã do-pn-b k -tu-kv -Iqƒ U-b-d-Iv -S ]m-ã B -hn tuhn-uv si.-]n.-txm-a-kn-\v \ -In {]-Im-i-\w sn-bv-xp. ]m-ã _m-_p txm-a-kv ({]- kn-u v), ]m-ã txm-a-kv In-Sßm-en (ssh-kv {]-kn-u v), cm- P B-cy- - n (P-\-d sk-{i- -dn), ]m-ã tpm txm-a-kv (tpm.-sk-{i- -dn), tpm-bn-kv ]n.-am- Xyq-kv ({S-j-dm ), tj -en Nm-t m (te-uo-kv tim -Un-t\- ) F- nh-cm-wv ]p-xn-b `m-c-hm-ln-iƒ. Un-kv-{Sn-Iv-Sv I -sh -j cm-p-ÿm : sf.-]n.-kn tim- Un-kv-{Sn-Iv-Sv I -sh -j Hm-K- Ãv h-sc tim- sl-t{_m sf.-]n.-kn-bn \-S- pw. sf.-]n.- kn cm-p-ÿm kv -t - v {]-kn-u v tum:tpm -Pv kn h -Ko-kv D-Zv-Lm- S-\w sn-øp- -tbm-k-øn, ]m- à txm-a-kv -ap- - (apw-ss_), ]m-ã am-xyp txm-a-kv- (su ln) F- n-h ap-jy-k-tμ-iw \- ev-ipw ]m-ã sp.-tpm-bv, ]m-ã km-_p cm-pv, ]m-ã tpm-bv tpm - Pv, ]n.-pn.-am-xyp F- n-h t\-xr- Xzw \-ev-ipw. tim- Un-kv-{Sn-Iv-Svv ]n.-ssh.-]n.-f.-bp-ss Xm-e- v ]- cn-tim-[-\-bpw \-S- pw. JORDAN ISRAEL EGYPT BABU MATHEW VADAKKEKUT (Tour Consultant) Beyond Patmos EPHESUS LEODICIA SARDIS PHILADELPHIA SMYRNA PERGAMUM THYATIRA AMPHIPOLIS PHILIPPI NEAPOLIS THESSALONICA BEREA VERGINA KALAMBAKA ANCIENT CORINTH TOUR OF ROME VATICAN TURKEY, GREECE, PATMOS, ROME & VATICAN (C) (O) admiraltravelbureau@yahoo.com Im-k- -tkm-uv d-h-\yp Pn- - -Iƒ Dƒ-s -Sp- a-e-_m ta-j-e-bn-se ip-{iq-j-i k-tω-f-\w \-S- pw. G-gn-\v cm-hn-se kw-bp- k-`mtbm-k-hpw k-am-]-\ k-tω-f-\-hpw \-S- pw. Pq-sse 15,22 Xo-b-Xn-I-fn-embn \n-e-ºq-cpw Ip-º-\m- pw \-S- h t\-xr-xzw \ -Ip-sa- v ao-unb I -ho-\ -am-cm-b ^n- n ]n. am-xyp, tpm-pn sf- v am-xyq-kv F- n-h A-dn-bn- p. ku-øv ^v-tfm-dn-u: C- ym s]- s -t m-kv-xv ssz-h-k-`-bp-ss t\m -Øv A-ta-cn- -bn-ep- do- Pn-b-\p-I-fn ku-øv Cu-Ãv kwÿm-\-ß-fn-se sf.]n.kn.-k-`- Iƒ Aw-K-ß-fm-bp- sf.]n.-kn. t\m -Øv A-ta-cn- ku-øv Cu-Ãv do-pn-b-s hm -jn-i tim- -^-d -kv, B-K-Ãv h-sc k- ssd-kv ^v-tfm-dn-um-bn-ep- tlm-fo-tu C- n (3003 t\m - Øv bq-wn-th -kn- n ss{u-hv, k- ss{w-kv, ^v-tfm-dn-um 33322)v \-SsF.]n.kn.t\m Øv Atacn kuøv CuÃv dopnb hm jni tim ^d kv pw. ]m-ã n.un._m-_p ap- Jy-{]-kw-K-I-\m-bn-cn- pw. sk ^v-tfm-dn-um, ku-øv ^v-tfm-dn- Um, tpm -Pn-b, ss- -kn, ku- Øv I-tcm-en-\m F- o kw-ÿm- \-ß-fn-ep- sf-]n-kn k-`-i-fnse ip-{iq-j-i- m-cpw hn-izm-kn- I-fpw Cu tim -^-d -kn ]- s -Sp- pw. ]m-ã si.kn. tpm- ({]-kn-u v), ]m-ã G.kn. D-Ω (ssh-kv {]-kn-u v), ]m- à tam-do-kv kw-k (sk-{i- dn), {_-Z cm-p B-cy- - n (tpm-bn v sk-{i- -dn), {_-Z Nmt m Ão-^ ( {S-j-d ) F- n-hcm-wv Cu tim -^-d -kn-\v t\- Xr-Xzw \ -Ip- -Xv. t_m[-h-xv -cw dmen t\cy-aw-kew: sf.-]n.-kn.-t\-cyaw-kew sk ]n.-ssh.-]n.-f.- bp-ss B`n-ap-Jy-Øn Imh- m- Spw ]cn-k-c-ßfpw ti{μo-i-cn v elcn hncp t_m[-h-xv -cw dmen \S-Øn. ]mã si.-f-kv.- jm-p, ]mã kmap F tzm F n-h t\xrxzw \ In. ]nc-anuv apx tkm tkm-y -hsc t]mƒ a-e-b-sn-bp-ss G- -hpw ]p- Xn-b N-cn-{X- -kmw-kv-im-cn-i- -ss_- _nƒ N-cn-{X-kw-`-h-߃ Dƒ-s - ]pkv-x-iw {]-kn- o-i-cn- p. B-cpw Im- Wm-Ø-Xpw {i- n- m-ø-xpw F-gp-Xm- Ø-Xp-am-b C-{k-tb, ]-e-kv-xo, Cu-Pn-]v-Xv, tpm -±m F- o \m-ep cm-py-ß-fn-eq-ss tem-i-c- -I-s\ a- e-b-sn-b ssi-en-bn h-c- p-im- p- ]p-kv-x-iw an-d- nƒ ]-ªn-t j {]-kn- o-i-cn- p.- _n.- -kn h -j-sø N-cn-{X-apƒ-s -ss Cu \q- m- p-h-sc-bp- Cu-Pn-]v-Xn-s N-cn-{Xw, kw-kv-im-cw, `m-j, km-ln-xyw, I-e-Iƒ, ss\ -\-Zn, ]n-c-an-up-iƒ, ]p-cm-x-\ {In-kv-Xy ]- n-iƒ, tb-ip-hpw Ip-Spw-_-hpw H-fn- n-cp- Kp-l, tb-ip-{in-kv-xp-hpw Ip-Spw-_-hpw an-{k-bo-an-te- pw A-tX-Xp-S - p- Cu-Pn-]v-Xy - -{In-kv-Xy N-cn-{X-hpw, kqb-kv I-\m, Cu-Pn-]v-Xy ayq-kn-bw, sam-wm-kv-{sn Hm- ^v Im-X-dn, ko-\m-bv a-e, tam-si I- apƒ- -S - v, Cu- Pn-]v-Xn-se ss_-_nƒ N-cn-{X-]- m-ø-ew, t_-xv-e-tlw ]- n, ]-e-kv-xo, sb-cp-i-tew, Nm-hp-I-S, Nm-hp-Np-cp-fp-Iƒ Xp-S-ßn tkm -tkm-ym-h-sc-bp- hy-xy-kv-x kw-`-h N-cn-{Xapƒ-s -ss-bp- h-kv-xp-x-iƒ {]-Xn-]m-Zn- p- N-cn-{X-]p-kv-X-Iw.- t]mƒ a-e-b-sn-bp-ss Cu ]p-kv-x-iw hm-bn- p- t]m-ip-tºmƒ ss_-_nƒ kv-ar-xn-i-fpw N- cn-{x-kv-ar-xn-i-fpw Iq-Sn- -e-cp- -Xp-t]m-se txm- pw. hn-ip- -\m-sn-s Im-gv-N- t]m-se-bm-wv Cu ]p-kv-x-i-øn-s hm-b-\-bpw. F-s kw-_- n- n-s-tøm-fw A-Xv ss_-_n-fn-s H-cp ]p-\ -hm-b-\-bm-bn-cp- p. s]-cp-º-s-hw {io-[-c C-{km-tb k-μ -i-\-sø- p-dn- v C-Xn-\-Iw \n-c-h-[n {K-Ÿ-߃ a-e-bm-f-øn {]- kn- o-i-cn- n- p-s - n-epw tum. t]mƒ a-e-b-sn c-nn- Cu {K-Ÿw hy-xy-kv-x-x ]p-e -Øp- p. F-gp-Øv, `m-jm-ssi-en F- n-h e-fn-x-am-wv. H-cp a-e-b-sn-ssi-en Cu Ir-Xn-bn \n-d- p-\n - p- p. d-h.-tum.-si.- -kn.- -tpm A-Xn-km-l-ko-I-hpw A-hn-kv-a-c-Wo-b-hp-am-b ]-cy-s-\-øn-s t\-c-dn-hp-i-fp-ss Xp-Sn- p- Iƒ ]n-c-an-uv ap-x tkm -tkm-ym-h-sc F- ]p-kv-x-i-øn-s Xm-fp-I-sf A-\p-]-a-am- p- p. i-in-hn-t\m-_m-\n-ti-x C-{km-tb -bm-{x H-cp ssh-im-cn-im-\p-`-h-am-bn am-dn-bn-cn- p- p ]m-ã a-e-b-sn-bn. Cu {K-Ÿw hm-bn- p-xo - p-tºmƒ ss_-_nƒ-\m-sp-iƒ k-μ -in- p-hm-\p- tam-lw hm-b- \- m-cn-epw D-W - n-cn- pw. txm-a-kv txm- -bv- c-pn-kv-t -Uv X-]men e-`n-t -h 50cq-]bpw hn-tz-i-tø- v 100cq-]bpw A-[n-Iw A-b-bv- pi. t]pv: 344 hne: 200 cq]

8 ka-im-eni ]{XnI ip{iq-jm k-lmbn a- p- -h-sc am-\n- p- -Xn- \p ]-I-cw A-h-sc ]-c-ky-ambn X-cw-Xm-gv-Øp- {]-h-w-x Nn-e - p- v. Pm-Xn-hy-Xym-khpw h -Æ-hn-th-N-\-hpw a-\pjy-s D- n -\n- pw \n-b-awaq-ew am- n- -f-bp-hm I-gn-bp- -X- -t m. a- p- -h-sc X-cw- Xm-gv-Øp-hm {i-an- p-t m-dpw ta - -d- hn-th-n-\w aq-eap- A-I - h - n- p-i-bm- Wv. H-cp I-Y \-ap- v t\m- mw.- Z- n-wm-{^n- -bn-se I-Ybm-Wn-Xv. sh- - m-cn-bm-b H-cp kv-{xo hn-am-\-øn ko- v e-`n- -Xv I-dp-Ø h - - m-c-\m-b H- cm-fp-ss A-Sp-Øm-bn-cp- p. \n-baw aq-ew h -Æ-hn-th-N-\w am- nsb-gp-xn-sb- n-epw {]-kv-xp-x kv- {Xo-bp-sS D- n -\n- pw A-Xv \o- n-bn- n- m-bn-cp- p. a-s m-cp ko- n-te- v am-dn-bn-cn- p-hm I-gnbm-Ø-hn-[w hn-am-\w \n-d-sb bm- {X- m-cm-bn-cp- p. hn-am-\-ønse D-tZym-K-ÿ-s\ {]-kv-xp-x kv-{xo hn-fn- v D-b - m- n ko-s m-gn-hp-s - n A-Xn-\p- ]-Ww Cu-Sm- m-sx, X-s am- n-bn-cp-øm-tam F- v B-cm- p. Nn-e-t m-ƒ Xm-gv- m- n- se ko- v ]-cn-an-xn-aq-ew D-b - - m- n bm-{x- m Ip-d-hpw B- bn-cn- p-tºmƒ A-{]-Im-cw D-b - - m- n-te- v A-[n-I-Øp-I Cu-Sm- m-sx am- p-i ]-Xn-hp- v. hn-am-\w D-b-cp- -Xn-\p ap-ºv kv- {Xo-sb t\m- n-s m- v: ""\n-ßfp-ss {]-iv-\-øn-\v Rm ]-cnlm-cw I- p; D-b - m- n H-cp ko- v Im-en-bp- v'' F- v ]- d- -ti-jw I-dp-Ø-h - - m-cs\ t\m- n-s m- v: ""\n-߃ F-s -Iq-sS h-cq'' F- v ]-d-bp- -Xp-tI- v \-Ωp-sS I-Ym-\m-bn-I C-fn-`y-bm-bn A-hn-sS-bn-cp- p.- ]mã amxyp kmap-h {]kwkw C-Xm-Wv k-a-bw b-tlm-h-bp-ss B-e-bw ]-Wnhm-\p- Im-ew h- n- n-s - v Cu P-\w ]-d-bp- p. Cu B-e-bw iq- \y-am-bn-cn-s, \n-߃- p X- n- ho-sp-i-fn ]m - m Im-e-amtbm.-.-.-? \n-ß-fp-ss h-gn-i-sf hn- Nm-cn- p t\m- p-hn. l- m. 1:17.- _m-_n-tem {]-hm-kn-ifm-bn G-gp Z-im- -߃ ]n- n- bn-{km-tb-ey ti-jn- v sb-cp-i-tean a-s-ßn-h-cp-hm ssz-hw Ir- ] sn-bv-xp. cm-p-hw-i-p-cm-b skcq-_m-t_-en-s -bpw ]p-tcm-ln-x Ip-e- m-c-\m-b tbm-ip-h-bp-ss-bpw t\-xr-xz-øn A-c-e- -tøm-fw bn-{km-tb-ey ssz-ho-i k-μ -i- \-Øn-\p hn-t[-b-cm-bn _m-_ntem-wn \n- pw b-cp-i-te-anseøn (F-{k. 1,2 A). {]-X-n-Iqe-ß-fn ]-X-dm-sX, ""G-dn-b kwh-xv-k-cw ap-sº ]-Wn-X-cp- sszhm-e-b \n -Ωn-Xn-bn A-h G - s - p. l -jm-c-h-ß-fp-ss \-Sphn B-e-b-Øn-\v A-Sn-ÿm-\- an-sp-i-bpw ]-Wn B-cw-`n- -bpw sn-bv-xp. F- m i-{xp- -fp-ss X-{ -]q -Δ-am-b \o- -ß-fm Cu B-e-b- -Wn Xp-S-cm I-gnbm-sX-bm-bn. ]m -kn ssk-\yw _em-ev- m-tc-w h- v ]-Wn-ap-S- n. ]-Xn-\- p \o- kw-h-xvk-c-߃ (_n.-kn ) F- ß-s\ ssz-hm-e-b ]-Wn ap-s-ßn In-S- p- p (F-{km. 3, 4 A).- _m-_n-tem-wn \n- p a-sßn-sb-øn-b D-W -Δp kw-l-øns B-flo-b ho-cy-hp-w D-W -Δn Pzm-e-bpw si- n-s-ßn-øp-s-ßn. i- {Xp- -fp-ss sh- p-hn-fn- p ap-ºn ti-h-ew `o-cp- m-bn A-h Xo - p. Zu-Xy-t_m-[-hpw km- y-hpw \- -s - -h-cm-bn Xo - P-\-sØ Cu {]-Xn-k- n-bn \n- p I-ctI-dp-hm A-h-cp-sS t\-xm- ƒ- p I-gn-bm-sX-bm-bn. A-hp-sS B- m-i- n -bn- p-t]m-bn. A- h-cp-ss C-S-bn B-flo-I ]n - ]- n-bn-te- pw A-\m-flo-I ap- \n-c-bn-te- pw h- p I-gn- p. F-ßpw ]-cm-p-b-øn-s -bpw ]n-dp- ]n-dp- n-s -bpw I-cn-\n-g ]-c- p. ""B-e-b-]-Wn-bv- p C-\n k-a-b-ambn- n- '' ]n- n-cn- n ap-{zm-hm-iyw P-\-km-am-\yw G- p-]m-sn. ssz-hme-b-]-wn ]mts hn-kv-ar-x-am-bn. ssz-h-tk-h-bn \n- p ]n- ncn-s - n-epw, \n-jv-{in-b-cm-bn P- \w C-cp- n-. A-h-cp-sS F-c-n-hpw D -km-l-hpw A-\y-Ym Xn-cn-bp- I-bm-Wp- mb-xv. kzm - em-`߃- pw, kp-j-ku-i-cy hym-]v- Xn- p-am-bn A-h ap- n- n-d-ßn, B-e-b- -Wn- m-bn hn-fn- -s - h, hn-e Ip-d- Im-cy-ß-fn hym-]r-x-cm-bn. ssz-ho-i Im-cy߃- p Np-a sim-sp-t - ssz-h-p-\w. ssz-hw X-ß-sf F- gp-t -ev-]n- -sx- n-\m-bn-s - v Xo -Øpw hn-kv-a-cn- p. X- n- a-wnam-fn-i-iƒ ]-Wn-Xp-b -Øp-hm A-h Atlm-cm{Xw A-[zm-\n- p. B-e-b- -Wn-cw-K-Øp ]m -kn ssk-\y-hyq-lw A-Wn \n-c- -Xp I- p "F- p sn-ømw' B-e-b- - Wn- p C-\n k-a-b-am-bn- n- F- v A-h hr-ym k-am-[m-\n- p. "kz -K-Øn-se ssz-hw R-߃- p Im-cyw km-[n- n- pw. A-hs Zm-k- m-cm-b R-ß-sf-gp-t - v ]-Wn-bpw' F- p ]-d-hm P-\- km-am-\yw ss[-cy-s - n-. _m-_n-tem hn- v sb-cp-i-tean h-cp-hm A-h-sc t{]-cn- n- NncnbpwImcyhpw tum.-tpm Pv kmap-h ko p-am w ta - -d- I-Y-bn \n- pw \mw a-\- n-em- p- -Xv \- ap-t -h - pw A-dn-bm-hp- H- cp Im-cy-am-Wv. D-b - -h-sc- pw h-en-b-h-sc- pw kz-bw Nn- n- p- -h - v A-h-cp-sS B-{Klw D-b - -sx- mw A-h-cp-sS ]- -Øm-sW- m-wv. hn-e Ipd- -Xpw, Xm-gv- -Xpw F- mw sim- pw a- p- -h Xr-]v-Xn-b- S-t m-ww F- p-am-bn-cn- mw. F- m a-\p-jy-cpw ]q -Æ-a-\pjy- B-I-Ww. a-\p-jy-xz-c-ln- X-am-bn C- v tem-i-øn h - Øn- p- -Xv D-b - -h-sc- v Nn- -bp- -h-cm-wv. Xm-gv- -h-sc D- b -Øp- a-\p-jy-kv-t\-ln-ifm-b km-aq-ly-{]-h -Ø-I-tcm-Sv C- q- - v H-cp-]-s ssh-a- \-kyw D- m-imw. F- m hy- n-i-fpw, h -Æ- -h - hy-xymk-sa-t\y k -kz-`m-h-øn-s D-S-a-I-fm-bn \- a-\p-jy-cm-ti- n-bn-cn- p- p. \- -aq-ey-߃ H-cp-h-s\ \- a-\p-jy-\m- p- p. sx- m-b aq-ey-߃ a-\pjy-xz-c-ln-x-cm- p-i-bpw a-\pjym-f-xz-sø \-in- n- p-i-bpw sn-øp- p.- ssz-ho-i B-lzm-\w A-h hn-kva-cn- n- m-bn-cp- p `u-xo-i D- -a-\- ߃- p ]n-sº Xn-cn- -Xv. ""\nß-fn A-h-s P-\-am-bn- m-sc- nepw D-s - n ]p-d-s -S-s. A-hs ssz-hw A-h-t\m-Sp-Iq-sS C-cn- pw'' (F-{k. 1:3). H-cn- a-wn- \m-zw t]m-se A-h-cp-sS D- n- ap-g-ßn-ti- i- -Øn-\v sn-hn si- Sp- m-sx, km-l-n-cy-ß-tfm-sn-wßn tn-cm sh-º sim- -Xns Xn- -[-\w A-h A-\p-`-hnt - n-h- p. B-e-bw iq-\y-am-bn In-S- p-tºmƒ, Hmtcm-cp-Ø Xm- m-s ho- n-te-t m-sp-i-bm b- tlm-h-bm-b ssz-hw A-h-cp-sS k- ar- n-bn-t h-dp-xn-sb hn-fn- p h-cp-øn. Hm- k- n-bn ]-W-an- Sp- -Xp-t]m-se h-f-sc hn-x- n- pw A-ev-]w sim-bv-hm am-{x-ta A-h- - p I-gn- p- p. ssz-ho-i Z - i-\-øn \n- v hy-xn N-en- p- h - v F-ßpw F- pw kw-xr-]vxn am-{x-am-bn-cn- pw Iq-en (l-km. 1:5 11).- F- m Cu Zp-ÿn-Xn-bn D-t]- n- p I-f-bp-hm ssz-hw k-`m-{]-kw-kn: A-`u-an-I i-àn-bp-ss {K-Ùw e-øo hƒ-tk- n \n- m- Wv F- n-_n-bm-ã-kv F- Cw- ojv t]-cp h- -Xv. "sb-cp-i-te-an cm-pm-hm-b Zm-ho-Zn-s ]p-{x-\m-b Iz-l-te-Øn-s h-n-\-߃ F- m-wv F-{_m-b t]-cv. A-[ym. 1:1 F-gp-Øp-Im-c H-cp {]-kw-k-i-\m-sw- pw \mw hm-bn- p- p. sb-cp-i-te-an-se cm- Pm-hm-bn Zm-ho-Zn-s a-i F- m- Wv {]-kw-k-i X-s -Ø-s ]- cn-n-b-s -S-Øp- -Xv. F- n-epw F- gp-øp-im-c-s t]-cv ]p-kv-x-i-ønsem-cn-s-øpw {]-Xy- -s -Sp- n-. H- mw A-[ym-bw 12 mw hm-iy- Øn ""k-`m {]-kw-kn-bm-b (Izl-te-Øv) Rm sb-cp-i-te-an bn-{km-tb-en-\p cm-pm-hm-bn-cp- p F- v F-gp-Øp-Im-c {]-kv-xm-hn- p- p. kn-\-tkm-kv ]m-c-º-cy-a-\pk-cn- v k-`m {]-kw-kn-bp-ss ]pkv-x-iw Zm-ho-Zn-s ]p-{x-\m-b i- tem-tam-\m-sw-gp-xn-b-xv. H-cp d- _n ]m-c-º-cyw ]-d-bp- -Xv {]mtbm-kn-i {]-iv-\-߃- v Du- \ -Ip- k-zr-iy-hm-iy-߃ A- h ]-Iz-X t\-sn-b Im-e-Øpw Pohn-X-Øn hy - -X-bv- v Du- \ -Ip- k-`m-{]-kw-kn A- h-s hm - -Iy-Im-e-Øpw F-gp- Xn F- m-wv. kr- n-bp-ss Im-ew ap-x X- s B-Zm-apw l-δ-bpw G-Z txm- -Øn \n- pw ssz-h-hp-am-bp- ap-jm-ap-j _- -Øn \n- pw \njv-im-k-\w sn-ø-s - -t mƒ ap- X, a-\p-jy ssz-h-hp-am-bpw a- p- -h-cp-am-bpw X-t m-sp X-s bpw D- _- w ÿm-]n- p- -Xn- \m-bn ]-cn-{i-an- p-xp-s-ßn. A-h A-\p-`-hn- m hn-[n- -s - hnb - pw I- - m-sp-i-fpw im-co-cn-i A-[zm-\-sØ- mƒ A-[n-I-am-b H- m-sw- p sx-fn-bn- -s - p. A- A-h-sc- p-dn- p B-{K-ln- n-. P- \-sø D-d- -Øn \n- p-w - Øn b-ym-ÿm-\-s -Sp-Øp-hm ssz-hw Cu c- p {]-hm-n-i t{ijvt- m-sc A-h-cp-sS a-t y A- m-e-øv F-gp-t -ev-]n- p. A-hc-t{X l- m-bn-bpw sk-j-cym-hpw. hr- -\m-b l- m-bn-bpw bp-hm-hmb sk-j-cy-mhpw ssz-h-k- n-[nbn ssz-h-p-\-øn-\m-bn Zn-\-cm- {X-߃ ]- -hm-zw sn-bv-hm aptºm- v h- pw sim-gp- p a-c-ßfp-ss Io-gn-en-cp- v {]m - -\-bn A-tlm-cm-{Xw t]m-cm-sn-b Cu [oc t]m-cm-fn-iƒ Z- -i-\w e-`n- -hcm-bn. hy- -am-b ssz-ho-i k- tμ-i-hp-am-bn P-\-a-[y-Øn-te- -v C-d-ßn-h- p (sk-j. 1 B). ""l- m-bn {]m-h-n-i-\pw C-t m-hn-s a-i sk-j-cym-hpw b-lq-z-bn-epw b-cp-i-te-an-epw ]m - p- b-lq- Z -am-tcm-sp X-ß-fp-sS ta hnfn- -s - bn-{km-tb-en-s ssz-h- Øn-s \m-a-øn {]-h-nn- p'' F- {k 5:1, 2; l- m. 1:1, sk-j. 1:1.- Cu {]-hm-n-i -am B-Zyw P- \-Øn-s ]n -am- -sø- p-dn- p A-h-sc t_m-[-hm- m-cm- n. sszh-tk-h hn- p tem-i-øn-s ]nsº t]m-b-xm-b sx- p A-h-sc Nq- n- m-wn- p. A-h-cp-sS ta-ep- D- -X-am-b hn-fn-sb- p-dn- p A-h-sc i- -am-bn {]-t_m-[n- n- p. kz - -Øn-\pw `q-an- pw sszh-am-bn-cn- p- -h-s ip-{iq-j- mcm-b A-h `uani Im-cy-߃- m-bn kz - o-b hn-fn D-t]- n- -cp-sx- v Hm -Ωn- n- p. P-\w D- W-c- p. sk-cq-_m-t_-epw tbmip-hm-bpw ho- pw ssi-i-fn - Xq- p-i- ]n-sn- m ap-tºm- n-d-ßn. k -Δ-`q-an-bn-epw Du-Sm-Sp- b- tlm-h-bp-ss Xr- -Æp-Iƒ A- Xn -t ]-Xn- p. A-h F- gp-t - v ]-Wn-Xp. ssz-h-øn-s {]-hm-n-i -am A-h-tcm-Sp-Iq-sS-bncp- p A-h-sc k-lm-bn- p. kz - -Øn-se ssz-hw A-h - m-bn s]m-cp-xn. i-{xp- -fpss hm-b-s- n- p. F-Xn - n-\p ap-xn - -h k- lm-bn-i-fm-ti- n-h- p. P-\w B- fl-o-b-hpw `u-xn-i-hp-am-bn A-\p- hn\-nn- -Iƒ tum. Fw.Fkv. km-aph sxm-cp B-flo-I Xo - m-s-\-am-bncp- p; h -Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øpw Po-hn- Xm-\- -c-hpw a-\p-jy-po-hn-x-øns A - -hpw D-t±-iy-hpw \n -Æbn- p- -Xn-\p- I-s -Ø-en-\mbp- bm-{x-bm-w-xv. bp-h-p-\-߃ m-\-sø sx- pw hn-e-a-xn- p- n-s - pw a- dn- v kp-j-øn-\pw hy- n-]-c-amb kw-xr-]v-xn- pw th- n-bp- A-t\z-j-W-Øn X-s Po-hn-Xw Nn-e-h-gn- p-i-bm-w- pw i-temtam kz- A-\p-`-h-Øn \n- pw a-\- n-em- n-bn-cp- p. Cu h-gn-ap- p- A-h-ÿ H-gn-hm- n t\- Øn-tev- p \-bn- p- H-tcsbm-cp ]m-x Xn-c-s -Sp- m bph-p-\-ß-sf k-ω-xn- n- m I- gn-bpw F- D-d- m-b {]-Xo- -tbmss-bm-wv X-s kw-`m-j-ww m-t\m-]-tz- m-hv cq-]-s -Sp-Øn- bn-cn- p- -Xv.- A-t\-I-bm-fp-Iƒ X-ß-fp-sS Po-hn-X-Øn-se Zu-Xyw ]q -Øo- I-cn- p- -Xn Cu ]p-kv-x-i-øn- \p- i- n A-\p-`-hn- -dn- n- p- v. X-s A-hn-izm-k-Øn-s {K-lo-X-cm-bn. i-{xp- ƒ e- n- p X-e-Xm-gv-Øn. h-en-b-h-\m-b ssz-hw A-h-tcm-Sp Iq-sS-bp-s - v t_m-[y-am-hp-i-bm i- -cmb ssh-cn-iƒ kz-bw A-ev-]-cmbn `-hn- p (F-{k. 5, 6 A; sk- J. 3, 4 A). ssz-h-`r-x- m F- m-e-hpw A-\p-Im-en-I Zq-Xp-hm-ln-I-f-t{X. Im-e-Øn-s Np-h-sc-gp-Øp a-\- kn-em- n P-\-Øn-s B-flo-b ]p-\-cp- m-c-w-øn-\m-bn A-h apt m- n-d-tß-ww. ssz-h-øn-s B-tem-N-\m k-`-bn-en-cp- p sszho-i B-tem-N-\ {]-Xn-{K-ln- v A- Xv hn-iz-kv-x-x-tbm-ss P-\-sØ A- dn-bn- -Ww. ap -K-W-\ G-Xn-\m- Wv \ -ti- -sx- v P-\-sØ Nq- n- m-wn- m {]m-]v-x-cm-ti-ww. a-\p-jy-ap-ºn h-ep-xm-b-xv sszh-k- n-[n-bn A-d- -t{x F- p t_m-[y-s -Sp-tØ-Ww. ÿm-\w, am-\w, Hu-tZym-Kn-I-]-Z-hn-Iƒ F- n-ß-s\ Im-ip-t]m-epw hn-e-bn- m-ø-h-sb ]-cn-xy-pn- p ssz-hk- n-[n-bn hn-e-bp- -Xn-\m-bn ap-t m- v B-bp- -h-cm-bn sx-fn-tb- Ww. sh-fn- m-sn- m-øn-s-øp P-\w \-in- p- p. kz - o-b Z -i-\w e- `n- -h-cpw A-Xn-\m \n-e-\n-ev- p- -h-cpw P-\-sØ A-Xn-te- p k- Zm \-bn- p- -h-cp-am-bn tim-`n-t - Ww (sb-c. 23:18; eq-t m. 16:15; k-zr 29:18; ^n-en. 3:7 14; {]-hr. 26:19,20). k-xyw, \o-xn, L-\w, \n -Ω-e-X, c-ay-x, k - o -Øn, ]p-i-gv-n -C-Xm-bn-cn-t -Ww ssz- `r-xy- m-cp-ss Nn- m-hn-j-b-w (^nen-. 4:8,9).- hn-iz-kv-x `r-xy- m - p P-\-tØm-Sv A-dn-bn- m hy- -am-b Zq-Xp- v. ssz-hm-e-b- -Wnbv- p- k-a-b-am-wn-xv. kz- -Imc-߃- -, ssz-ho-i Im-cy-Øn- \p- k-a-b-a-t{x C-Xv. kp-hn-tij hm -Ø A-dn-bn- m-\p- k- a-b-am-wn-xv. ""\mw Cu sn-øp- - Xp i-cn-b-. C- p k-zz -Ø-am- \ Zn-h-k-am-W-t m. \m-tam an- m- Xn-cn- p- -p. t\-cw ]p-e-cpw h-sc Xm-a-kn- m Ip- w \-Ωp-sS ta h-cpw. B-I-bm h-cp-hn Cu k-zz -Ø-am-\w \mw A-dn-bn- p- I'' (2 cm-pm.-7:9) \m-fp-iƒ, k-`m-{]-kw-kn X-s ta A-`u-a-am-b H-cp i- n ]- Icp-I-bpw X-s Po-hn-X-Øn-s iq-\y-x t_m-[y-s -Sp-Øn X-s ssz-h-øn- -te- p \-bn- p-i-bpw sn-bv-x-xm-bn _n.-f- v. I-tcmƒ km- y-s -Sp-Øn-bn- p- v. kq-cy-\p Io-sg a-\p-jy X- s Po-hn-X-Øn A-\p-`-hn- p- -sx- mw X-s A-Xn X-s A-s - n A-Xn-s \-iz-c-x \nan-øw A - w iq-\y-hpw A-s - n h-n-e-bn- m-ø-xpw B-Wv F- m-wv te-j-i kn- m- n- p- - Xv. A-Xn-\m k-i-e a-\p-jy-cpts-bpw hn-{i-a-c-ln-x {]-h -Ø-\- ߃, F-s - -epw t\-sm-\p- A-h-s ]-cn-{i-a-߃, B-Xy- n- I-am-bn \n-jv-^-e-am-wv. A-h X- s kz- A-\p-`-h-Øn \n- pw X-s hm-zw sx-fn-bn- m {i-an- p- p. F- n-cp- m-epw C-X- {]-kw- Kn-bp-sS ap-jy-kn- m- w "kq-cy- \p Io-sg a-\p-jy {]-b-xv-\n- p- k-i-e {]-b-xv-\w sim- pw F- p-em-`-ap- q F- A-h-s tnm-zy-øn-\p- ]- m-ø-e-am-wnsx- mw. C-Xm-Wv \-Ωp-sS k-`m- {]-kw-kn kz-bw tn-m-zn- p- ITn- \-am-b bm-ym - yw. am-b-bm-b H- cp tem-i-øn F- p t\- -am-wv H-cp-h-\p t\-sm I-gn-bp- -Xv. k- `m {]-kw-kn-bp-ss k-tμ-iw a-\- n-em- p-hm-\p- Xm-t m Cu {]m-cw-`-hm- p-i-fn sx-fn-bp- p. P-Un-I a-\p-jy ho-gv-n kw- `-hn- tem-i-øn kq-cy-\p Iosg Hm-tcm-Zn-h-k-hpw B-Z-m-an-s A-\p-k-c-t -Sn-s -bpw a-c-w-øns `-hn-jy-øp-iƒ sim-bv-xp-iq- n-s m- n-cn- p-i-bm-wv (D-ev-]. 2:17, tdm-a.-5:12)

9 9 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Du p-]p-c-i-fpw Xp-em-`m-chpw ]n-s \-{km-wn-ifpw 5 mw t]-pv Xp-S P-\-ß-sf G- -hpw `-b-s -Sp-Ønbn-cp- -Xv kmw-{i-an-i tcm-k-ß-fm- Wv. h-kq-cn. -bw, Pz-cw, A-Xnkm-cw, tπ-kv Xp-S-ßn-b tcm-k-߃ C-S-bvv- n-ss D- m-ip-am-bn-cp- p. ssz-h-tim-]w sim- m-wv C-Xp- -mip- -Xv F- v hn-iz-kn- n-cp- P-\-߃ tz-ho-tz-h- m-sc {]o- Xn-s -Sp-Øm-\m-bn a-{ -hm-z-ßfpw, ]q-p-i-fpw \-S-Øn-bn-cp- p. A-Xn-s `m-k-am-bn tim-gn, B-Sv F- n-h-bp-ss tnm-c tz-ho-tz-h- m - v A - n- n-cp- p. 18 mw \q- m- n t]m-epw C -Uy-bn \- c-_-en km-[m-c-w-am-bn-cp- p F- v tc-j-s -Sp-Øn-bn- p- v. Zm-cn-{Zyw, tcm-kw, A- -X, k-a-xzw, A-bn-Øw Xp-S-ßn-b A- t\-iw Zp-c-X-ß-fp-sS \-Sp-hn Poh-Xw X- n \o- p- a-\p-jy-pohn-i-fm-bn-cp- p ti-c-fw F- ]- dp-zo-k-bn H-cp Im-e-Øv Po-hn- n-cp- -h-cn A-[n-I-hpw. cm-{ o-bm- -co- w 1758 am -Øm-fi-h -Ω a- lm-cm-pm-hv \m-sp-\o-ßn-b-t mƒ cm-py-`m-cw G-s -Sp-Ø-Xv [ -Ω-cm- Pm-hv F- t]-cn A-dn-b-s - ncp- Im -Øn-I- Xn-cp-\mƒ _me-cm-a-h -Ω a-lm-cm-pm-hm-wv. `- c-w-\n-]p-w-\pw I-tem-]m-k-I-\pam-bn-cp- p [ -Ω-cm-Pm-hv. A-ø- - am -Øm-fi- n-, cm-pm tii-h-zm-k F- o {]-K- cm-py- H.-]n.-F IpSpw_ kwkaw 1 mw t]-pv Xp-S {]-hm-n-i in-jy-s `m-cy-tbm- Sv G-eo-im-bv- p tnm-zn- m-\p- - Xv Rm \n-\- p-th- n F- p sn-tø-ww, ho- n \n-\- v F- p- v''. H-cp -`-c-wn F-Æ A- m-sx A-Sn-b-s ho- n a-s m- pw C- F- v A-hƒ ]-d- p. ssz-ha- -fm-b \mw ]-e-t m-gpw \-ΩpsS C- m-bv-a-iƒ ]-d- p I-c-bp- -h-cm-wv. F- m \-Ωp-sS h- en-b-h-\m-b ]n-xm-hn-\p tnm-zn- m- \p- -Xv \-Ωp-sS ]- F- p- v. \-Ωp-sS ]-g-b-im-e A-\p-`h-ß-sf Hm - p-tºmƒ F-{X-a-Sßv \mw A-\p-{K-ln- -s - p. ]n- Xm-hp ]-d-bp- -Xv. \n-\- p e-`n- -Xn-s\ Hm -Øp kv-txm-{xw snøp-i, A-t mƒ ]n-t -bpw A- p- X-Øn-s h-gn Xp-d- v \-S-Øphm A-h i- -\m-wv. ]-et m-gpw {]-iv-\-߃ D- -t m-gm- Wv A-Xn-i-bw \-S- p- -Xv hn-[- h-bv- pw a- ƒ- pw ]m-{x-߃ a-s- n-sim-sp- p-tºm-gpw ""ssz-hw A- p-xw sn-bv-xp'' F-s m-cp km- yw ]-d-bm-\p- v. th -]m-snepw hn-ip- n-bn-epw Po-hn- v A- p-xw I- km- n-i-fm-bn-øocp-hm ssz-hw Ir-] sn-ø-t F- v B-iw-kn- p. H.- -]n.- -F. ap -Im-e ip-{iq-j-i- m-cm-bn-cp- ]m-ã _m-_p imap-th, ]m-ã tp- -_v ]n. G- {_-lmw, ]m-ã tpm ^n-en- v, ]m-ã tpm -kv am-xyp, ]m- à A-e-Iv-kv tpm, H.-]n.-F sk-{i- -dn-bpw, H.-]n.-F sk- v {]- X-{ - - m-cm-bn-cp- p A-t±l- Øn-s a-{ n-am. cm-pm ti-i-h- Zm-k X-s Hu-tZym-Kn-I ]-Zhn- v a-{ n F- -Xn-\p ]-I-cw Zn-hm F- t]-cm-wv kzo-i-cn- n-xv h-sc \m-ev-]-xp h - j-sø `-c-w-øn-\n-s-bn cm-py- Øn-s t -a-øn-\v k-lm-bn- H-t -sd ]-cn-jv-im-c-߃ [ -Ω-cm- Pm-hv \-S- m- n. F- m A-{]- Xo- n-x-am-b Nn-e kw-`-h-߃ a-lm-cm-pm-hn-\v h-f-sc Zpx-J-ap- m- p-i-bpw cm-py-øn-\v km-º-øn- I `m-cw D-f-hm- p-i-bpw sn-bv-xp. ssl-z-cm-en, Sn- p-kp -Øm F- n-h-cp-ss B-{I-a-W-ß-fm-bn-cp- p A-Xn-\p ap-jy-im-c-ww Sn- p-hn-s ]-S-tbm- - m-e-øv tim-gn-t m-sv, sim- n, Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq F- o cm-py-ßsf c- n- m {_n- o-jv Cu- Ãn -Uym- -º-\n k- - -X {]- I-Sn- n- p. C-Xn-\p {]-Xn-^-e-ambn ]-Øp-e- w cq-]-bm-wv A- h Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn- \n- pw B- h-iy-s - -Xv. G-Xm-bm-epw 1795 Xn-cp-hn- Xmw-Iq I-º-\n-bp-am-bp- D-S-º- Sn-bn H- p-h- p. Sn- p-hn-s B- {I-a-W-ß-sf sn-dp-ø-xn-\v ssk- \n-i sn-e-hp-iƒ- m-bn G-gp-e- w cq-] J-P-\m-hn \n- pw sim-sp-øp. A-tXm-sS {_n- o-jv B-[n-]-Xyw Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-\v Aw-Ko-I-cn-t - n-h- p. kn-u p-am-b {_-Z tpm -Pv si. im-ap-th, H.-]n.-F Iu -kn Aw-K-ß-fm-b {_-Z ^n-en- v t_- _n, {_-Z _n-tpm-bn n. h -Kokv, Kp-Uv-\yq-kv No-^v F-Un- {_-Z kn.- -hn. am-xyp Xp-S-ßn-bh B-iw-k-Iƒ A-dn-bn- p.- H.-]n.-F Aw-K-ß-fp-tS-bpw F- Iv-kv H.- -]n.-f Aw-K-ß-fp-sS-bpw C- y-bn 10epw 12epw ]Tn- p- Ip- n-iƒ- v Hm-tcm kn-e-_-kn-epw e-`n- p- G- -hpw Iq-Sp-X am - n-s A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn A-hm - Upw, sa-cn- v k - n-^n- - pw \-ev- In. A-X-\p-k-cn- v 10 mw m-kv tic-f kn-e-_-kn Pq-en tpm, kn.-_n.-f-kv.-kn kn-e-_-kn ª-kn-tamƒ _- n, 12 mw m-kv ti-c-f kn-e-_-kn tbm-ip-h A- hn-\m-jv Ip-am F- n-h A - l-cm-bn. C-h - v {_-Z n.- -F. G- {_-lmw, {_-Z Fw.- -Fw. txm-akpw A-hm -Upw sa-dn- v k - n- ^n- - pw \-ev-in. A-Sp-Ø h -j-sø Ip-Spw-_- kw-k-a-øn-s sn-b -am B-bn ]m-ã tpm ^n-en- n-t\-bpw, tim- -Hm -Un-t\- -dm-bn, {_-Z txma-kv am-xyp-hn-s\-bpw A-kn-à v tim- -Hm -Un-t\- -dm-bn {_-Z sfk-iv Fw.- - Nm-t m-tb-bpw sx-cs -Sp-Øp. A-Sp-Ø h -j-sø 18- m-a-xp H.-]n.-F Ip-Spw-_-kw-K-aw Xn-cp-h- im-tcm Hm-Un-t m-dn-b-øn I -Øm-hp-h-cp-hm Xm-a-kn- m 2015 Pq-sse 18\v \-S-Øp-hm Xocp-am-\n- p. kndn-b kwl jw: XI -s - Xv 91 {InkvXy ] n-iƒ kn-dn-b: kn-dn-b-bn-se B-`y- -c-bp- -Øn C-Xp-h-sc 91 {In-kv-Xy ]- n-iƒ X-I - -s - n- p-s - v sa -ssi- v {Ko-Iv I-tØm-en- m k- `m- y- ]m-{xn-b - o-kv {Kn-K-dn aq- m-a A-dn-bn- p. C-Xn 37 F-Æw sa -ssi- v I-tØm-en- m-k-`-bp-ts-xm-wv. {]-Xn-k- n-iƒ- p ap-ºn kn-dn-b-bn-se ss{i-kv-x-h-km- n- yw \n-e-\n-dp-øp-i F- - Xm-Wv k-`-bp-ss G- -hpw h-en-b A-P-]m-e-\ sh- p-hn-fn-sb- pw ]m- {Xn-b - o-kv ]-d- p. tdm-an k-`-bp-ss kn-\-un {]-kw-kn- p-ibm-bn-cp- p A-t±-lw. A-b cm-py-ß-fpw ]-e-hn-[ kw-l -j-ß-fpss ]n-sn-bn-em-sw- v ]m-{xn-b - o-kv Nq- n- m- n. ae-bmfn s]s -t mkvxv kaqlw AXn-thKw hf {]m- ]n- p-i-bm-wv. temi-øns F m timwp-i-fnepw ae-bmfn s]s -t mkvxv k`-ifpw hnizmk kaq-l-hp-ap- v. t\csø ae-bmfn s]s -t m-kv- X hf-sc-b-[niw Cg-b-Sp- ap kaq-l-am-bn-cp- p. ]ckv]-cw Adn-bp-hm\pw a\- n-em- p-hm\pw km[n- n-cp- p. hnizmk kaq-l-øns FÆw B-bn-c-ß-fn \n v e -ß-fn- F mhcpw Adn-bs Xm ƒ Bcm-sW v te- v hf -t mƒ \ap v ]ckv]-c-ap _ -߃ Adn-hp- Iƒ A\y-am-Ip- p. lmte-eqøm Cb _p- ns "lq Cukv lq' hn`m-k-øn \nß-sf- p-dn v/\nß-fpss t\ ßsf- p-dn v/ip{iq-j-sb- p-dn v/ _nkn-\-kn-s\- p-dn v/hutzym- KnI cwk-sø- p-dn v/ipspw-_- sø- - p-dn v/ Hs elp hnh-c- Whpw t^mt mbpw Dƒs -Sp-Øpw. temi-saßpw F m-hcpw Adn-bs Xm ƒ Bcm-sW- v. Hcp ]t Pohn-X-bm-{X- n-s-bn \jvs-am-bnt mb kplr-øp- sf Is -Øphm t]mepw Cu lq Cukv lq Xm sf klm-bn-t - mw. CtXm-sSm- -ap t^mw ]qcn- n v C p-xs Ab- p-i. lq Cukv lq hn`m-k-øn aƒ- n If-dn t^mt m klnxw Poh-N-cn-{X- p-dn v {]kn- o-i-cn- p- - -Xn\v 1000 cq]-bmwv ^okv. B XpI- p sn v k- lnxw t^mw Ab- p-i. lqkv Cukv lqhn hnhc-߃ \ Ip F- m-h pw 500 cq] hne-bp Cb _p v kup-\yambn Ab- p Xcp- -Xm-bn-cn- pw. hntz-i-øp \n v lqkv Cukv lqhn-te- v hnh-c-߃ \ Ip- -h v \nß-fpss \m nse hnem-k-øn am{xta Cb _p- v Ab p Xcn-I-bp- p. As - n Hcp tim n-bpss t]mtã- Pmbn 2000 cq] Dƒs ss 3000 cq] Ab-t - -Xp- v. (lm-te-eqøm Cb _p v aebmf s]s -t mkvxv kaq-l- sø- - p-dn v Adn-tb- -sx mw Dƒs -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p k-ºq- Æ C ^ ta-j sskum-wv.) Hallelujah Year Book, Periyillath Complex, Near YMCA, Tiruvalla Ph: , , hyearbook2012@gmail.com lq Cukv lq t^mw t]cv :...P\-\-Xo-bXn :... hnemkw : Pn :... tã v :... ]n :... t^m :... Csa-bn :... P -tziw :... ho p-t]cv (IpSpw-_-t]cv) :... ]nxmhv :... amxmhv :... `mcy :... `mcy-bpss tpmen :... a ƒ: 1 :... 2 :... 3 :... \nß-fpss hnzym-`ymkw :... ]Tn ÿm]-\-߃ :... \nß-fpss tpmen/ip{iqj :... HutZym-KnI ÿm\w :... tpmen snøp ÿm]\w :... F{X h j-ambn Cu tpmen snøp p? :... ]mã-dm-sw- n Ct mƒ ip{iq-jn- p k` :... \n߃ Ct mƒ Xma-kn- p ÿew :... ChnsS F{X h j-ambn :... \n߃ Dƒs p \n p k` :... tic-f-øn\v ]pd-ømwv Xma-kn- p- -sx- n CXn\v apºv Fhn-sS-sbms Xma-kn p... GsX- nepw {]ÿm-\-øns tbm ÿm]-\-øn-s tbm k`-bp-tstbm HutZym-KnI Npa-X-e-Itfm ]Zhn-Itfm hln- p- pt m? Ds - n Fgp-XpI. (t\csø hln HutZym-KnI Npa-X-e-sb- p-dn v Fgp-Xp-I.) {]kn- o-i-c-w-øn-\p-th n ]q Æ-a-\-t mss Cu t^mw ]qcn- n v \ Ip- p. t]cv : H v : NB: ]mkvt]m v sskkv t^mt m CtXm-sSm w Ab- p-x-cn-i. Cu t^man Nne timf-߃ ]qcn- n- phm ÿew XnI-bp- n-s - n as mcp-t]- -dn FgpXn tn p-i-. D -X-hn-Pbw +2 ]co- bn F m hnj-b߃ pw A+ t\snb \ \ Pnk. Ago-t msv A\n si.-]n.-bp-ssbpw jo\- bp-ssbpw aifpw ap\ºw N v Hm^v k`mw-khpw ssh n bp.-]n.-ssh.-f-ωns kpoh {]h Ø-I-bp-am-Wv. am ]m s]s -t m-kvx-tcmsv am v tnmzn- p 1 mw t]-pv Xp-S p-s - pw A-dn-bn- p.- -a-bp-ss-bpw \n-c- n-s -bpw A-\p-`-h-߃- v {]m-[m-\yw \-ev- Ip- hm- p-i-fm-bn-cp- p ]m- mbp-ss {]-Xn-I-c-Ww. k-t m-j-kq- N-I-am-b \o- I-c-tLm-j-߃- n-ss ]m- m, I-gn- Im-e-ßfn hm- p-i-fm-epw {]-hr-øn-ifm-epw s]- -t m-kv-x-sc ]o-un- n- n- p- I-tØm-en- - p-th- n am- v A-t]- n- p. \m-sa- mw ]m-]n-iƒ X-s, ]-t, \mw I - Øm-hn-s km- n- y-øn \-S- p- -Xn-\v ss[-cy-ap- -h-cm-i- Ww. ]u-tem-kv sim-cn- y -s gp-xn-b te-j-\w D- -cn- p-sim- v, {In-kv-Xp-hn-s i-co-c-øn-\v hn-hn- [ A-h-b-h-ß-fp-s - pw F- m F- m A-h-b-h-ß-fpw X- Ωn ]-cn-ip- m-flm-hn-s {]-hr- Øn-bm \n-c- n- -s - v G-I-ico-cw B-bn-cn- p- p-sh- pw Du- n- -d- p. Iq-Sn- m-gv -bv - p-ti-jw s]- -t m-kv-xv k-aq-l-tøm-ssm- w D- -`- -Ww I-gn- n- v km-bm- -Øn ]m- m sl-en-tim-]v- am - w h-øn- m-\n-te- v a-s-ßn.

10 10 ka-im-eni ]{XnI Z i\w F.-sF. tpm p-ip n A-Xn-ssi-Xy-ap- Nn-e -tz-i-ßfn a- n-eq-ss \m-bv- ƒ h-en- p- h- n-bn Hm- -a- -cw \-S-Øp- -Xn-s\- p-dn- v ti- n- p- v. a- p-nn-e-bn-s-ß-fn H-cn-\w am-\p-i-sf si- n-b h- n-i-fp- v. {In-kv-a-kv Nn-{X-ß-fn-epw a- pw A-Ø-cw h- n-i-ƒ Im-Wmw. Im-f-h- n-i-fpw Ip- Xn-c-h- n-i-fpw \-Ωp-sS cm-py-øv D- v. cm-p-ÿm-\n-epw Kp-P-dm-Øn-epw H- -I-h- n-iƒ [m-cm-f-am-bn Im-Wmw. tam-t m - hm-l-\-ß-fpw a-\p-jy N-hn- p- ssk- nƒ dn- -I-fpw \-ap- p- v. D-t±-in- p- ÿ-e-øv \-sω kp-c- n-x-am-bn F-Øn- p- -Xn-\v A-\p-tbm- Py-am-b hm-l-\-am-wv Xn-c-s -Sp- p-i. A-Xn-\v \m-bv - -sf-tbm, Im-f-sb-tbm, Ip- Xn-c-sb-tbm H- -I-ß-sf-tbm H-s \mw A-\p-h-Zn- p- p. A-h-bv - v \n -t±-i-߃ \-ev-in A-h-bp-sS i- n {]-tbm-p-\-s - Sp-Øn \-Ωp-sS e- y-øn F-Øp- p. a-\p-jy-tcm, ar-k-ß-tfm, ]-e-x-cw b-{ ß-tfm H-s A-Xn-\m-bn D-]-tbm-Kn- p- p. ss_-_n-fn-se D-Ø-a-Ko-Xw F- a-t\m-l-c-am-b F-{_m-b Im-hy-Øn \ns ]n- m-se F-s h-en-, \mw Hm- Sn-t m-i F- v iq-te-an {]n-b-t\m-sv A- `y - n- p- -Xm-bn 1:4 \mw hm-bn- p- p- v. Cu tem-i-po-hn-x-øn \-sω ]-ebn-s-tø- pw X-ß-fp-tS-Xm-b e- y-߃- ]q -Δ hn-zym - n Ip-Spw-_-kw-K-aw a-w- m-e: s^-bv-øv Xn-tbm-f-Pna-W- -e sk-an-\m-cn-bn-se ]q -Δhn-Zym - n-i-fp-ss-bpw Ip-Spw-_-ßfp-sS-bpw k-tω-f-\w 2014 Hm-K-Ãv 16\v cm-hn-se 9 ap-x 1 h-sc a-w- m-e sk-an-\m-cn-bn \-S- pw. B-e- p-g, ]-Ø-\w-Xn-, tim- -bw, sim- -w, Xn-cp-h-\- -]p-cw Pn- -Ifn-se I -Ør-th-e-bn-em-bn-cn- p- F- m ]q -Δ hn-zym - n-i-fpw Ip-Spw-_-am-bn ]-s -Sp- -W-sa- v A-`y - n- p- p. 25 h -jw I - Ør-ip-{iq-j-bn ]q -Øo-I-cn- -hsc Cu k-tω-f-\-øn B-Z-cn- pw. Iq-Sp-X hn-h-c-߃- v: [ym\w \sω hen- p- -h p-th- n h-en- p-sim- p-t]m-ip-hm {ian- p- A-t\-Iw hy- n-i-fpw i- n-ifpw D- v. k-zr-iy-hm-iy-ß-fn (30:18-20) m-\n ]-d-bp- -Xv C-{]-Im-c-am-Wv: F-\n- v A-Xnhn-kv-a-b-am-bn txm- p- -Xv aq- p- v. A- dn- p-iq-sm-ø-xv \m-ep- v. B-Im-i-Øv I- gp-i-s h-gn-bpw ]m-d-ta k - -Øn-s h-gn-bpw k-ap-{z-a-t y I- -en-s h-gn-bpw I-\y-I-tbm-Sp-Iq-sS ]p-cp-j-s h-gn-bpw X- s. B-Zy-sØ aq-s -Æ-Øn-s -bpw k- m-cw \n- n-x-am-[y-a-ß-fn-eq-ss-bm-wv. B-Im-iw, ]m-d, k-ap-{zw. F- m \m-ema-tø-xv H-cp hy- n a-s m-cp hy- n-sb A-\p-K-an- p-i-bm-wv. A-Xn-\v \n- n-x-k- m-c-]m-x C-. {]-Xyp-X, c- p-t]-cp-ss Xm-ev-]-cy-am-Wv. \-bn- p- -bm-fpw ]n -sn- p- -bm-fpw. ]p-cp-j-\v \-bn- m-\p- \ntbm-k-hpw kv-{xo- v A-\p-K-an- m-\p- a- \- p-am-wv {]-Ir-Xym D- -Xv. (F-s ]n- Zn s]-s -t m-kv-xp an-j kv-s]jy ss nƒ m pw sszhn-i tcm-k-im- n ip-{iq-jbpw ÿew: ]-g-h-\ {Ku v, ]p-ø -ho- n ]Sn, sn-ß q Xo-bXn: 2014 BK-Ãv 25 Xn- ƒ ap-x 27 _p-[ hsc k-a-bw: Zn-h-k-hpw ssh-in- v 6\v a- p tbm-k߃: snm-δ, _p-[ cm-hn-se 9.30\v {]-iv-\-]-cn-lm-c {]m -\ h-cp-hn! tb-ip-{in-kv-xp ap-jm n-cw k-t m-jhpw k-am-[m-\hpw ku-jyhpw {]m-]n n G-h-tcbpw kv-t\-l-]q -Δ-w -Wn- p-sim- p- p Zn s]-s -t m-kv-xv an-j, sn-ß- q. t^m : ss nƒ CD / MP3 apgp-h ss_-_nfpw 8 kn.un.bn 72 a-wn q, hn-e 450 cq] Narration: dh. kæn G{_lmw {In-kv-Xp-hn-s\ \-Ωp-sS `u-xo-i Imcy-km- y-øn-\m-bpw kzm - -Xm-ev- ]-cy-ß-fn-te- pw h-en- p-sim- pt]m-im-\p- {i-a-am-wv ]-e-cp-ssbpw ]-e {]m - -\-I-fpw. b-ym - -Øn \m-y-\v C-jv-S-ap- -bn-stø- v \-sω h-en- p-sim- p-t]m- Im \mw ]q -Æ-hn-t[-b-cm-Ip- - Xp-h-sc A-Xn-\m-bn kz-bw ]-cn-tim- [n- p- -Xn-\pw Xn-cp-Øp- -Xn-\pap- A-h-k-c-ß-fm-I-s \-Ωp-sS D-]-hm-k-hpw {]m - -\-I-fpw. m-se h-cn-i F- -,) \n-s ]n- m-se F-s h-en- F- v iq-te-an ]-d-bp- -Xv A-Xp-sIm- m-wv. k-zr-iy-hm-iy-w 7:22-23-, ]-c-kv-{xo-bpss N- -c-hm- p-iƒ ti- v A-h-fp-sS ]n- m-se t]m-ip- _p- n-lo-\-\m-b bp-hmhn-s\- \mw Im-Wp- p. A-h-s\ \-bn- p- -Xv tam-l-ß-fm-wv. A-dp- p-t -S-tØ- v Im-f-bpw N-ß-e-bn-te- v t`m-j-\pw Po-hlm-\n- p- -sx- -dn-bm-sx I-Wn-bn-te- v ]- n-bpw t]m-ip- -t]m-se I-c-fn A- kv-{xw X-d-bv- p-thm-fw A-h A-h-fp-sS ]n- m-se sn- p- p F- -t{x. B bm-{x \n- -b-am-bpw a-c-w-øn-te- m-bn-cn- pw F- v Xo -Øp-]-d- n-cn- p- p. tem-iw \- bn- p- -Xv Xn- -bn-te- pw A-ip- n-bn-te- pw a-c-w-øn-te- pw B-bn-cn- pw. F- m kv-t\-l-øn-s sim-sn- o-gn {]nb-t\m-ssm-øp- iq-te-an-bp-ss B bm-{x ho- p-ho- n-te- v B-bn-cp- p. K-eo-e- -S -]p-d-øp-iq-ss \-S- p-\oßp- tb-ip, F-s A-\p-K-an- p-i F- v ]-d- am-{x-bn A- -t\m-ssm- w ]-S-In C-cp- v h-e \- m- p- sk- _-Zn-a- -ƒ, A- -s\-bpw h-e-sb-bpw ]- S-In-s\-bpw D-t]- n- v tb-ip-hn-s ]n- m-se t]m-bn F- v kp-hn-ti-j-i tc- J-s -Sp-Øp- p. b-{ -ß-fpw ar-k-ß-fpw h-en- p- hm-l-\-߃ \-Ωp-sS Xm-ev- ]-cy-߃- -\p-k-cn- v \mw \n -t±-in- p- -t]m-se- Ip-Xn- p- -h-bm-wv. A-{]-Imc-a- {In-kv-Xp-hn-s\ A-\p-K-an- p- -Xv.- {In-kv-Xp-hn-s\ \-Ωp-sS `u-xo-i Imcy-km- y-øn-\m-bpw kzm - -Xm-ev-]-cyß-fn-te- pw h-en- p-sim- p-t]m-im-\p- {i-a-am-wv ]-e-cp-ss-bpw ]-e {]m - -\-I-fpw. b-ym - -Øn \m-y-\v C- jv-s-ap- -bn-s-tø- v \-sω h-en- p-sim- p-t]m-im \mw ]q -Æ-hn-t[-b-cm-Ip- -Xp-h-sc A-Xn-\m-bn kz-bw ]-cn-tim- [n- p- -Xn-\pw Xn-cp-Øp- -Xn-\p-ap- A-h-k-c-ß-fm-I-s \-Ωp-sS D-]-hm-k-hpw {]m - -\-I-fpw. {]n-b-t\ \n-s ]n- mse F-s h-en- p-i F- v iq-te-an ]- d-bp- -Xp-t]m-se \-Ωp-sS {]m-w-{]n-b- \m-b {In-kv-Xp-hn-t\m-Sv \-ap- pw ]q - Æ-a-\-t m-ss A-t]- n- mw. \-sω F-hn-sS F-t mƒ F-ß-s\ F-Øn- -W-sa- -Xv A-hn-Sp- v A-dn-bp- p, A-Xn-\v A-hn-Sp- v i- -\m-ip- p. \n-an-j-t\-c-tø- p- kp-j-߃ B- kz-zn- m-\m-bn tem-i-hpw ]n-im-npw h- en- p- -Xn-\-\p-k-cn- v N-en- p- -h amc-i-tcm-k-߃- pw a-c-w-øn-\pw \n-xyin- m-hn-[n- pw C-c-bm-Ip- p. ssz-h-ip- m-sv h-en- p- h- n-bn bm-{x-snøp- -h \o-xn-bpw hn-ip- n-bpw \n-xy- Po-h-\pw {]m-]n- v B-\-μn- m-\n-s-bm-ipw. ssd v. dh.- kæn G{_lmw SUVARTHA BHAVAN, T.K. ROAD, THIRUVALLA , PH: ]g-b-\n-baw & ]pxnb\nbaw tim- n-iƒ a-cp- - _p-iv-tjm n e-`n- pw.

11 11 ka-im-eni ]{XnI hnhml ]c-ky-߃ v 500 cq] ]c-ky-߃ ssen-t^m-wnepw kzoi-cn pw t^m : maruppacha@yahoo.com acp- - -bn {]kn- o-i-cn- p ]cky XpI \nß-fp-ss A- u n \n pw t\cn v _m n AS-bv mw. hnhml ]cky߃ kup-\y-ambn sh_vssk- n {]kn- o-i-cn pw MARUPPACHA South Indian Bank, Branch : Thiruvalla Account Number: IFSC Code: SIBL s] -t mkvxvbphxn 33/ 150 S.S.L.Ckphn-ti-j-the snøp bphm- -fn \n- pw hnhm-lm-tem-n\ - Wn- p- p. Mob : Pentecostal parents settled in the Gulf invite proposals for their daughter who was born and brought up in Gulf. 23 years old, Pharm D, 5' 4", She is in her 6th year pharmacy college in India, She is born again, water baptized, Holy Spirit filled and passion for Gods ministry, beautiful, doing her clinical rotation in USA, holding green card. Looking for a Christian professional, preferably mainstream professional, age 25 to 27. We welcome God fearing, good morals, family oriented Pentecostal groom from USA / Gulf. Please respond in full details and photograph to: tom13036@gmail.com Pentecostal boy, born againborn and brought up in Dubai.( in Kerala- IPC,in Dubai Assembly of god--- Sharjah worship center.- Salem A.G). B Arch from sathyabhama engineering college- Chennai. 174 cm, wheatish, 27yrs. ( ). Seeking alliance from girl of same or equivalent qualifications- preference from UAE. Girl,born again -good looking.(no ornaments using) jacob.samuel@hlg.ae shainyjacob320@gmail.com Im -\m v hosv hn -\-b v Im -\m p hmg- m-e, ]S-ap-Iƒ k-ao]w 6 sk v hkvxphpw 3000 sq.ft. Ccp-\ne hospw hn - \bv v / Pentecostal parents (pastor) settled in Bangalore seek suitable alliance for their born again, baptized and spirit filled son (28 / 5.4 / fair / B.Com / ongoing MBA in Finance) working as a business analyst in a MNC from the parents of God fearing, baptized, spirit filled and qualified girls. Interested may contact: (or) prayer_linkin@yahoo.com s]s -t mkvxv bphmhv (Iv\m-\mb am{xw) hbkv 29, 174 sk.-an., P\-d \gvkv, Ct mƒ \m n-ep v. Bflob-cmb s]s -t mkvxv bph-xn-i-fpss amxm-]n-xm- fn \n pw hnhm-lm-tem-n- \-Iƒ Wn- p- p , Pentecostal parents seek suitable alliance for their born again and baptised daughter, ( 25, 163cm, fair) working as nurse in Australia (coming for the vacation next January) from the parents of God fearing, baptised and qualified boys. (preferably from Australia and New Zealand ) Interested May contact (UAE) s]s -t m-kv-xv bp-hxn, 25/ 151, Staff Nurse (Mumbai), shfp-ø-\ndw, ]n-xm-hv am-dn-xma-kn- p p. hn-zym-`ym-k-hpw tpm-en-bp-ap- (Kƒ-^v/apwss_) B-flo-bcm-b s]-s t m-kv-xv bp-hm- -fp-ss am-xm- ]n-xm- fn \n pw hn-hm-lmtem-n\-iƒ -Wn- p- p MATRIMONIALS `m-cy a-cn- s]-s -t m-kv-xv hn-izm-kn. 56 h-b-kv. an-j {]-h -Ø-\-߃- v t\-xr- Xzw sim-sp- p- p. Zo -L-h - jw Kƒ-^n _n-kn-\-km-bncp- p. C-t mƒ ti-c-f-øn Xma-kn- p- p. _m- yx-iƒ C m-ø 40\pw 50\pw C- Sbn {]m-b-ap- Xpamb kndn-b {In-kvXy k-tlm- Z-cn-am-cp-sS am-xm-]n-xm- fn \n- pw hn-hm-lm-tem-n-\-iƒ -Wn- p- p. Mob: s] -t mkvxv kphntij- I 33/179Plus Two, BTh, Dip.mission, BA in Ministry s{]m^j-w Un-{Kn- D- - X- -p-w kphn-ti-j th-e-bv- v-ka - -W-ap- -Xp-amb s]- -Ip- n-i-fn \n pw hnhm-lm-tem- N\ Wn- p -p. tpmen-bp- -h-scbpw ]cn-k-wn- pw. Mob : &Facebook: rajeshre1979@gmail.com ]p\ hn-hmlw bmt m-_m-bn \n pw s]- -t mkvxv hnizm-k-øn h bphmhv 40 hb- v, 176 sk.-an., M.Com, B.Th Iºyq- Untπma ticf k m tpmen, _m y-x-iƒ C. kam-\-hn-`m-k-øn \n p bph-xn-i-fpss am-xm-]n-xm- fn \n v Btem-N-\-Iƒ Wn- p-sim- p- p , anandrajkizhakkel@yahoo.com Christian Pentacostal girl (Cheramar) 26/156 cm fair MSc Medical Biochemistry A\p-tbm-Py-amb hnhm-lmtem-n-\-iƒ Wn- p- p , REQUIRED TEACHERS Post:- Vice- Principal for Primary section (Std. I to VIII) Qualification: B.A, M.A or B.Sc, B.Ed Post:- Teacher - Primary Section - Sub: English, Social studies Qualification: Graduate with good communication skills in English. Interested candidate may send their Resume along with an application mentioning the expected salary to thegsmschool@gmail.com Selected candidate will get attractive salary+ accommodation The Principal, GLORY PUBLIC SCHOOL Kim Char Rasta, Palod, Surat, Gujarat Mob: hn - -\-bv- v 1. F-d-Wm-Ip-fw Iq-\-Ωm-hn 30 sk v ÿ- -ehpw 1650 sq.ft. ]p-xn-b ho- Sv 2. F-d-Wm-Ip-fw hm-cm- p-g-bn 20 sk v 1800 sq.ft ]p-xn-b ho-sv 3. s\-sp-ºm-t»-cn 6½ sk pw 3000 sq.ft e- z-dn ho-sv 4. sn-ß- q B-d- p-f-bn 10 sk pw C-cp-\n-e-ho-Spw 5. sn-ß- q Im-c-bv- m-sv 10 sk pw ]p-xn-b C-cp-\n-e-hoSpw 6. Xn-cp-h- In-g- -ap-øq 12 sk v ÿ-ew.- 7. Xn-cp-h- ta-fw Pw-Kv-j-\n 50 sk v ÿ-ew 8. a- - - n F-gp-a- q 10 G- d- txm- w 9. B-d- p-f H- -c G- d-_ txm- -hpw ½ G- \n-e-hpw 10. tim- -bw Im-cn-Øm-kv B-kv-]-{Xn- v k-ao-]w 8 sk pw C-cp-\n-e-ho-Spw U -ln-bn P-\n- p h-f - tn-c-a s]-s -t m-kv-xp bphm-hv 30/164 cm, B.Th, M.Div C-cp-\n-dw, t\m -Øv C- ybn kp-hn-ti-j th-e-sn-øp- p. tpm-en-tbm-ssm- w kp-hnti-j th-e-bv- v Xm -]-cy-ap- bp-h-xn-i-fp-ss am-xm-]n- Xm- -fn \n- pw hn-hm-lmtem-n-\-iƒ -Wn- p- p. U -ln-bn D- -h - v ap - K-W-\ , kmw_h s] -t mkvxv bphxn (26/147) GNM c n- -s s] -t mkvxv bphm- -fn \n pw Btem- N\ Wn- p- p. arrajivk@gmail.com Ph: s]-s -t m-kv-xv bp-h-xn, 27, 160 cm, B.Sc. (N), ku-zn. \- hw-_-dn \m- n h-cp- p. A- \p-tbm-py-am-b hn-hm-lm-tem- N-\-Iƒ -Wn- p- p WATERFRONT LAND WITH DOUBLE - STOREY HOUSE FOR SALE Double-storey, waterfront house near Kidangara bridge in one-acre land, which includes a fish pond, ideal place for Resorts and Vacation homes. It is located near a boat house hub and is a gateway for Kuttanad. All can see the beautiful view of the land from the bridge. For further information and assistance contact, Moncy Zacharia (011) sh-æn- p-f-øv 80 sk v ÿ-ew hn-ev-]-\-bv- v sh-æn- p-fw tim-g-t cn tdm-un (Pw-Kv -j-\n \n- v 1 In-tem-ao- ) 80 sk v ÿ-ew sam-ø-am-tbm tπm- m-tbm hn-ev-]-\-bv- v. t^m : ÿ-ew hn-ev-]-\-bv v G-gw-Ip-fw sa-un- tim-tf-pn-\p k-ao-]w 25 sk v ÿ-ew hn-ev-]-\-bv v. -sn-ß q sd-bn -th-tãj-\vk-ao-]w 10 sk v ÿ-ew hn-ev-]-\-bv v

12 MARUPPACHA Planthottam Complex Tiruvalla , Phone: JORDAN ISRAEL PALESTINE SINAI EGYPT TOURS FROM USA, UK, CANADA, ssz-h-]p-{xsâ \m-«n-eqss... R.N.I. Reg No.67619/97 Postal Reg. No. KL/TLA/100/ License No. KL/TLA/WPP-116/ Licensed to Post without Prepayment Date of Publication Middle East & India... \yq-u ln, apw-ss_, _mw q, sim- n F- n-hn-s-ßfn \n pw bm-{xm-kw-l-߃. tami hmkvzø \msv Zqsc \n p I Xv s\t_m-bpss api-fn \n m-wv. B ImgvN \Ωp-sSbpw IÆp-Iƒ v Ipfn a \ Ip- p. CuPn]vXv ko\mbv C{k-tb ]me-kvxo - tpm ±m hnip- - \msv bm{x kμ in- p {][m\ ÿe-߃ CuPn]vXv : CuPn-]vjy ayq-knbw, ]nc-an-up-iƒ, kv^n-ßvkv, BZy \q m- p- I-fnse B-cm-[-\m-e-b-߃, ss\- \Zn-bn-eqsS t_m v bm{x, kqb-kv I\m XocØp IqSn bm{x, apƒ -S v ko\m-bva-e, ]Øp Iev]-\-Iƒ e`n ÿew. bn{km-tb ]me-kvxo : sbcq-itew \K-cw, Heo-hv ae, I -Ømhp {]m - -\ ]Tn- n ÿew, Hm-im\ hoyn, KZvk-a-s\ txm- w, tb-ip ap p-ipøn {]m- - n- ]md. c m-bn-cw h j-øn- -]-cw ]g- -ap- Hen-hv hr -ß-fpw, t_-xv-e-tlw tbi-phn-s P -ÿ-ew, B- n-s-b- m v ZqX- m {]-Xy- -amb ÿ-ew, tbm-l- m- kv\m]-is P -ÿew, tkm tkm-ym, sbcn-t m, _Y\n : t_zvsk-bvzm-ip-fw, ZmhoZv cmpm-hns ih-ip-so-cw, ]co- m-a-e, k m-bn I Øm-hns\ ImWm Ib-dnb A-Ønhr- w, a t m-kns amfn-i-ap-dn, s_sy-\n-bn adn-b-bp-ssbpw am Ø-bpsSbpw `h-\w, emk-dns\ Dbn n I -d, Nmhp-I-S, tbip Ipcnipw Npa- pt]mb hgn, ]oem-tømkv hn[n-{]-kvxm-hn aμn-cw, apƒ n-cosw NqSn-b-bn-Sw, Ipcnins hgn-bnse ]Xn- mev ÿe-߃, tb-ip-hns\ Ipcn-in Xd ÿ-ew, Xetbm-Sn-Sw, I -Øm-hns\ AS- nb I -d-txm- -Øn Bcm-[-\, I -Øm-hp-bn sø-gpt I d. kntbm, \{k-øv, Im\, tbm ±m \Zn : K{_n-tb ZqX adn-bbv p {]Xy- -s - ÿ-ew, tbmk-^n-s -bpw adn-b-bp-ssbpw `h-\w, tbmk-^n-s ]Wn-im-e, tb-ip _mey- Imew Nne-hn ÿ-e-߃. ] -sh- -sø ho- m- n-b Im-\m-bnse I-eym-W-ho-Sv, Xmt_m- ae, tb-ip kv\m\- ta tbm- ±m \Zn. Keoe XSm-I-Øn t_m p-bm-{x: ]cky ip{iq-j Bcw-`n I-^- - -lqw, Kn-cn-{]-`m-jW-ae, tbip sh- -Øn\p aosx \-S- Keoe XSm-I- Øn-eqsS t_m- pbm-{x. tpm ±m- s\t_m ] ΔXw : tamsi Ah-km-\-am-bn hmkv-z-ø \msv Z- in Kƒ^v, Ata-cn-, Cw v XpS-ßnb cmpy-ß-fn \n pwt\cn p Sqdp-Iƒ. k`-iƒ pw anj kwl-s\iƒ pw th n {]txyiw ]mt -PpIƒ! ASp-Ø-bm-{X sk]v- w-_ 7 Ch Rß-fpsS {]txy-i-x-bmwv Ãm tlm -ep-i-fn Xmakw aq p-t\-chpw hn`-h-k-ar- -amb ` Ww ani- -bm{xm kui-cy-߃ tjm nwkv Ah-k-c-߃ Bflob Nn -Iƒ DW Øp ]T-\-ßfpw Bcm-[-\bpw {]K-Xv`-cmb sskup-i-fpss tkh-\w. acp- No^v FUn- A Ip v Ce- q t\xrxzw \evip- p. MARUPPACHA s\t_m ] Δ-Xw. Ph: ,Mob: Website : maruppacha@yahoo.com Printed, published and owned by Achenkunju Elanthoor, Planthottam Complex, Tiruvalla-1. Printed at Rashtra Deepika for MGM Offset Press, Kottayam, Published at Planthottam Complex, Tiruvalla-1 Editor : Achenkunju Elanthoor.