(2) (an-i FUn-t m-dn-b-en-\p hn. Icp-Wm-I-c \ºym Ahm Uv), amxr-`qan Xncp-h-\- -]pcw _yqtdm-bnse ko\n-b t^mt m-

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1 (1)

$(2) ticf aounb A m-z-anbpss am[ya Ahm Uv tpxm- -fmb Zo]nI sxmsp-]pg _yqtdm No^v tpm k thß-øsw (an-i lyqa C -dãv tãmdn- p F.-F. kxy-{h-x Ahm Uv), awkfw Nhd tej-i hn.$

2 (2) ticf aounb A m-z-anbpss am[ya Ahm Uv tpxm- -fmb Zo]nI sxmsp-]pg _yqtdm No^v tpm k thß-øsw (an-i lyqa C -dãv tãmdn- p F.-F. kxy-{h-x Ahm Uv), awkfw Nhd tej-i hn. kptc-{μ ]n (an-i {]mtz-initej- I-\p tum. aq - q \mcm-b-w Ahm Uv), Gjym-s\ v \yqkv Xncp-h-\- -]pcw No^v dnt m ]n.-b. {]how (an-i Zriyam-[ya{]h Ø-\-Øn-\p A m-zan Ahm Uv), amxr-`qan Xncp-h-\- -]pcw bqwn- nse No^v dnt m Fkv.-F. P-b-{]-Imiv (an- I At\z-j-WmflI dnt m n-\p snmδc ]c-ta-iz-c Ahm Uv), N{μnI timgn-t msv ko\n-b k_v FUn- F.-]n. Ckvambn (an-i FUn-t m-dn-b-en-\p hn. Icp-Wm-I-c \ºym Ahm Uv), amxr-`qan Xncp-h-\- -]pcw _yqtdm-bnse ko\n-b t^mt m- {Km-^ _npp h Kokv (an-i t^mt m-{k-^n- p Ahm Uv) F n-h C ^ ta-j - -]-ªnIv dnte-j kv a{ n si.-kn. tpmk- ^n\pw A m-z-an -sn-b am sk Pn B -Wn pw sk{i- dn F.-F. l nan-\psam- w.

$- (3)... ]pkvxiw 4 e w 7 hne `20... FUnt mdnb 04 hm Øbv p t\scbpw tziob t{zmlw 06 tpm v I n-h-b-en am[y-a-hn-nm-cw am\y-x-tbmss 10 PÃnkv kn. F. cma-n-{μ \mb hna i-\-ap- -am-iww am[y-a-cwkw 13 F.$ $Chatterji ssen-hn-j : kn m- hpw {]tbm-khpw 32 jmpn tp _v Adn-hns hnkva-b-tkm-]pcw 36 ]n.$

3 - (3)... ]pkvxiw 4 e w 7 hne `20... FUnt mdnb 04 hm Øbv p t\scbpw tziob t{zmlw 06 tpm v I n-h-b-en am[y-a-hn-nm-cw am\y-x-tbmss 10 PÃnkv kn. F. cma-n-{μ \mb hna i-\-ap- -am-iww am[y-a-cwkw 13 F. F. l nw Xnc-s -Sp- p-imew am[y-a-ßƒ p 17 simbvøp-imew F.-]n.-B Students Corner 16 J. V. Vil anilam s\k- ohv ]ªn-kn- nbpw aoun-bbpw 26 si. F. taml-\-h Ω The making of a 29 film journalist Shoma A. Chatterji ssen-hn-j : kn m- hpw {]tbm-khpw 32 jmpn tp _v Adn-hns hnkva-b-tkm-]pcw 36 ]n. kppm-x An Indian 41 By Accident A m-zan hm Ø-Iƒ 46 Bookshelf 49 temiw I hc 50 s{^bnw s^bnw 51

$(4) ap hm-xn Adn-bm-\p Ah-Imiw, Adn-bn- m-\p kzmx{ yw... Editor Sergy Antony Editorial Board K.C. Rajagopal V.V. Dakshinamoorthy George Podippara Printer & Publisher A.$

4 (4) ap hm-xn Adn-bm-\p Ah-Imiw, Adn-bn- m-\p kzmx{ yw... Editor Sergy Antony Editorial Board K.C. Rajagopal V.V. Dakshinamoorthy George Podippara Printer & Publisher A. Abdul Hakkim Marketing In Charge Shainus Markose Design & Layout Chetana Media, Kottayam Address Media Kerala Media Academy Kakkanad, Kochi Phone: kmamedia2015@gmail.com mediamag.kma@gmail.com Website: A`n-{]mbkzmX-{ yhpw am[yakzmx-{ y-hp-sams th bm-ss -Sp- Xv C{μ-{]-ÿ-Øn \mw I p. \oxn p th n hmzn-t - -h A\o-Xn-bpsS JUvKw G p-tºmƒ Nn -s -Sp- Xv P\m-[n-]- Xy-Øns NpSp-tNm-c-bm-Wv. U ln-bnse ]Syme lukv tims-xn-bn Ac-tß-dnb A{Ia-kw-`-h-ßƒ A`n-`m-j-I-hr-Øn p am{x-a, \oxn-\ymbhyh-ÿ-bv p- Xs A]-am-\-I-c-amWv. am[y-a-{]-h -ØI p -t\tc-bp AXn- {I-a-ßƒ hm Ø-Iƒ A\-`n-a-X-am-Ip- -Xns t{im[-am-imw. F m Ip m-tcm-]n-x-\mb Hcmsf tims-xn-bn lmp-cm- p-tºmƒ apn-kvt{s- n\p ap n-en v A`n-`m-j-I Abmsf X n- -X-bv p ImgvN \oxntz-h-x-bpss aqsn-s - nb IÆpIfnepw A{ip-I-W-ßƒ krjvsn- ncn pw. Ph-l em s\lvdp k h-i-em-im-e-bnse hnzym Yn bqwnb {]kn-u v I\-ø-Ip-am-dns\ tims-xn-bn lmp-cm- n-b-t m-gmwv Hcp kwlw A`n-`m-j-I Kp -I-fmbn amdn-b-xv. A`n-`m-j-IIp m-ba-wn h Hcn- epw snøm ]msn- mø Imcy-ß-fmWp timsxnhf- nepw timsxnapdn-bnepw Ah snbvx-xv. Cu kw`høns Xte pw ]Syme lukv timsxn]cn-k-cøv Hcp hn`mkw A`n-`m-j-I sp.f.bp-.hnse hnzym Yn-Iƒ pw A[ym- ]-I p-sa-xntc A{Iaw Agn- p-hn- n-cp p. ASp-Ø- Znhkw IqSp- X ImS-Ø-tØmsS Ah tims-xn-h-f- n s]cp-am-dn. am[y-a-ßfpw s]mxp-p-\hpw F p-xs ]d- mepw Xßƒs mcp Np p-an- F a n Ah Agn- m-sn-bxv A[n-Im- -cti-{μ-ß-fn ]nsn-bps ss[cy-øn-em-h-ww. sp.f.bp-.hnse {]iv\-ßƒ p ImcWw ejvi C txmbn- _-bm-sw p ]d B`y- c-a-{ n v A mcyw ÿm]n- m Xs A[n-Im-c-Øn Iogn-ep U ln t]meo-kns ]n pw e`n- n-. {][m-\-a{ n \tc-{μ-tam-zn-bm-is Ct mƒ ]d-bp- Xv k kwl- S-\-I-fmWp {]iv\-ßƒ p ]n n-se- m-wv. Ip m-tcm-]n-x\p Xs `mkw ]d-bm-\p Ah-kcsamcp- pi Hcp A`n-`m-j-Is [ a-amwv. Xßƒ p XmXv]-cy-an- mø tikp- I-fn a v A`n-`m-j-I-cmcpw lmp-cm-ti F \ne-]msv Hcp Iq

5 (5) kzoi-cn- m AXv A - -hy-amb Al- bpw A\o-Xn-bp-am-Wv. PUvPn p timsxn apdn-bn {]th-in- m t]mep-am-im-ø-hn- [-Øn XSkw krjvsn A`n-`m-j-I p \oxn\ymbhyh-ÿ-tbmsv F v BZ-c-hm-Wp- Xv? Aß-s\-bp- -h v P\m-[n-]-XytØmSv F p _lp-am-\w? cmpy-tømsv F p kvt\lw? cmpy-øns a p- Nne `mk-ß-fnepw {]tim-]-\-hp-ambn Iptd A`n-`m-j-I cwk- Øn-d-ßn. Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøv A`n-`m-j-I tncn-xn-cn p {]I-S\w \S-Øp-Ibpw Hc-hk-c-Øn AXp kwl j-øn-te p \oßp-ibpw snbvxp. sslt m-s-xn-bnse A`n-`m-j-Icpw {]Xn-tj[{]I-S\w \SØn. ]Syme lukv timsxnhf- n \S AXn-{I-a-ß-fn A`n-`m-j-I IqSn-bmb _n.sp.]n Fw.F.F H.]n. i a-bpss ] p hy -am-wv. P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n- Iq-Sn-bmb Hcp A`n-`m-j-I-\n \n v C{Xbpw tami-amb \S-]-Sn-I-fp m-bm Fß-s\-bmWp km[mcw P\-ß-ƒ p PpUo-j-dn-bnepw P\m-[n- ]-Xy-Øn-ep-sams hnizm-kw ]pe Øm-\mhpI? kp{]ow tim-s-xn pw Xßƒ ]p p-hne-bmwp Iev]n p- -sx v A`n-`m-j-I sxfn-bn p. timsxn kap- -b-øn \S kw`-h-ß-fpss \np-ÿnxn a\-kn-em- m kp{]ow -tim-sxn \ntbm-kn A`n-`m-jI IΩo-j-t\m-Sp s]cp-am w CXn\p sxfnhmwv. ap \nb-a-a{ n- Iq-Sn-bmb I]n kn_epw a v A v A`n-`m-j-Icpw Dƒs - I-Ωo-j\p t\ v Ah Ak-`y-ßƒ hnfn p ]d- p; jq Fdn- p. \oxn-\ymbhyh-ÿ-tbm-sp Ah-tlf-\-Øn-eqsS cmpysø \mww-si-sp-øn-btijw tims-xn-bn htμ-am-xcw apg- nbxp-sim pw tzio-b-]-xmi hoinbxpsim pw Ah tzi-kvt\-ln-i-fm-iptam? A{Iaw Im n-bmepw Xs Bcpw H pw snøn-s Hu Xyw Hcp cmpy-kvt\- lnt m A`n-`m-j-It\m tn -X-, P\- {]-Xn-\n-[nt m H pw tn -X-. Ph-l em s\lvdp k h-i-em-im-e-bn Ac-tß-dp kw`-hßfpw Ah-bpsS AWn-bd cmjv{so-bhpw Hcp D XhnZym-`ymktI{μ- Øns A -kn\p tncp- -X. CØ-c-samcp kml-ncyw AhnsS kwpm-x-am- p- -Xn `c-w-iq-shpw cmjv{so-b-i- n-ifpw A]-lm-kyamb Nne Ifn-Iƒ Ifn- n- p v. cmpysø Nne D XhnZym-`ymktI{μ-ßƒ Iem-]-tI-{μ-ß-fmbn amdp- Xv Bi- -bp-w Øp Imcy-amWv. ]q\ ^nenw C Ãn- yq- n ]pxnb snb ams\ \nb-an- -t mƒ \S hnzym Ynkacw BgvN-Iƒ \o p. Ahn-sSbpw cmjv{so-b-am-wp {]iv\-ap- m- n-b-xv. sslz-cm-_mzv k h-i-em-im-e-bn Iem-]-Øns I\-ep-Iƒ si -S-ßp- -tx-bp- q. hnzym-`ymkÿm]-\-ß-fn h [n- p-h-cp hn`m-kob{]h Ø-\- ßfpw cmjv{sobt]mcm- -ßfpw Akz-ÿ-X-tbm-sStb t\m n- m-wm- \m-iq. A]-I-S-I-c-amb Zni-bn-te- mwv CØcw {]t m-`-ßfpw Ahsb t\cn-sp coxn-ifpw \oßp- Xv. Iem-imemhf- p-iƒ cmpyhn-cp {]h Ø-\-ßƒt m Xo{h-hmZ {]Nm-c-W-Ønt\m D]-tbm-Kn- s Sp p-s - n AXp I i-\-ambn XS-tb- -Xp-Xs. F m, AXns t]cn A`n-{]mbkzmX-{ y-w \ntj-[n- -s -S-cp-Xv. cmpy-t{zm-l- p- -Øn\p Xq n-te- -s - -bmsf Hcp k h-i-em-ime-bpss Imº-kn A\p-kva-cn- p-tºmƒ AXv A`n-{]mbkzmX-{ y- {]I-S\ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn- p- Xv Nne v Dƒs m- m {]bm-k-ap- mipw. F m Cu kml-n-cysø `c-w-iqsw t\cn coxn Gsd hna i-\-ßƒ hnfn- p-h-cp-øp- -Xm-bn-cp- p. sp.f.bp-.hnse {]iv\sø tziobxe-øn hf Øn-sb-Sp- Ø-Xn cmpyw `cn- p- -h-cpss ] p hfsc hep-xmwv. Imº-kn \S- Xp cmpy-t{zm-l-am-b A -S- -an- m-bva- am{x-ambn ImW-Wsa- mwv Ahn-SsØ A[ym-]-I-cn Hcp hn`m-k-øns A`n-{]mbw. Imº-kn cmpy-hn-cp ap{zm-hm-iy-ßƒ apg- p- Xv A -S- -ew- L-\-Øn\p]-cn-bmb Ip w Xs -bmwv. CØcw \S-]-Sn-Iƒ XS-tb Npa-Xe k h-i-em-imem A[n-Ir-X p v. Ah X ka-bøp th -hn[w CS-s]- n-cp- p-sh- n Imcy-ßƒ C{Xbpw ssihn p t]min mbn-cp p. hnzym Yn-I-fpsS A`n-{]mb-kzm-X-{ yhpw A -S- hpw Hcp-t]mse kwc- n- -s -SWw. mkv apdn-i-fn am{x-a, Imº-knepw A mzaniv Imcy-ßƒ m-bn-cn- Ww ap K-W-\. Bcp-sS-sb- nepw cmjv{sob XmXv]-cy-ßƒ p hf-cm-\p thzn-i-fm-i-cpxv hnzym-`ymkti{μ-ßƒ. Imº-kp-I-fn cmjv{s-hn-cp {]ÿm-\-ßƒ hnl-cn- msx {i n- -W-sa- -Xp-t]mse {][m-\-amwp {]Xn-tj-[-ß-fpw {]tim-]-\-ß-fpw t\cn-sp- -Xn `c-w-iqsw \njv]- -Xbpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-acym-Zbpw ]Iz- Xbpw ]pe ØWsa- -Xpw. am[y-a-ßfpss DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw \n h-ln- p- -Xn\p XSkw \n p- -h P\m-[n-]-Xy-tØmSpw A`n-{]mbkzmX-{ y-tømspw k thm-]cn Adn-bm-\p Ah-Im-i-tØmSpw apjw-xn-cn- p-\n p-i-bm-wv. ticf aounb A m-zan `c-w-k-anxn AwK-ßƒ snb am : sk Pn B Wn (Zo-]n-I), sshkv snb am : si.-kn. cmp-tkm-]m (a-e-bmf at\m-c-a) AwK-ßƒ: hn. hna Ipam (am-xr-`q-an), ]n.-kn. sk_m-ãy (am-[y-aw), Fw. clp-\myv (tz-im-`n-am-\n), Fkv. _npp (G-jym-s\ v \yqkv), F.-]n. Pnjm (ao-unb h ), ]n.-hn. N{μ (am-xr-`q-an), Zo]p chn (ti-cf Iuap-Zn), ^m. t_m_n AeIvkv aæw-πm- (Zo-]n-I), km_p h Kokv (aw-k-fw), hn.-hn. Z n-wm-aq Øn (tz-im-`n-am-\n), a[p B. _me-ir-jvw (ti-c-f-i-_vzw), Pb v amω amxyp (a-e-bmf at\m-c-a), si. am[-h (G-jym-s\ v \yqkv), t n amxyp (Po-h Snhn), sndp-ic kæn eqt mkv (ti-c-f-i-_vzw), tpmkv ]\- n- pdw (a-e-bmf at\m-c-a), tpm v s]msn- md (am-xr-`q-an), te_n kpo-{μ (am-xr-`qan \yqkv), _nhn ]o (P-bvlnμv Snhn), chn Un.-kn. (Un.-kn. _pivkv), Zo]Iv [ ΩSw (A-arX Snhn), {iotzhn ]n (a-t\m-ca \yqkv), sk{i- dn (^n-\m kv), sk{i- dn (C ^ ta-j & ]ªnIv dnte-j kv), Ub-d-IvS (C ^ ta-j & ]ªnIv dnte-j kv), saº sk{i- dn: F.-A_vZp l nw.

$(6) tpm Pv I n-h-b-en hm Øbv p t\tc-bpw- tz-iobt{zmlw ""]{X-kzm-X- { yhpw A`n-{]m-b-kzm-X- { yhpw Aa snøs ASn-b- -cm-h-ÿbpss `oi-cx I -hcmwp$ $c p h jw t]mepw ]q ØnbmIpw apºp tamzn-bpss `c-w-øn, `c-w-kn-cmti-{μ-amb U ln-bn am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I timsxn apdn-bn h v, B{I-a-W-Øn-\n-c-bm- Ip p.$

6 (6) tpm Pv I n-h-b-en hm Øbv p t\tc-bpw- tz-iobt{zmlw ""]{X-kzm-X- { yhpw A`n-{]m-b-kzm-X- { yhpw Aa snøs ASn-b- -cm-h-ÿbpss `oi-cx I -hcmwp \msa- mw. P\m-[n- ]-Xy-Øn-t -ep If- - am-wn-xv'' {][m-\-a{ n \tc{μ tamzn-bpss A`n- {]mbamwn-xv tabv aq n-\mwp tamzn Szn - dn CsX-gp-Xn-b-Xv. c p h jw t]mepw ]q ØnbmIpw apºp tamzn-bpss `c-w-øn, `c-w-kn-cmti-{μ-amb U ln-bn am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I timsxn apdn-bn h v, B{I-a-W-Øn-\n-c-bm- Ip p. {][m-\-a-{ n-bm- Is, au\-øn-em-wv. U ln t]meokv IΩoj-W _n.-f-kv. _ nsb hnfn phcpøn hni-zo-i-cww txsn-b-tijhpw tamzn {]Xn-I-cn- n-. s^{_phcn P\p-hcn 2016

$(7) kp{]ow tims-xn-bpss {]txyi\n tziw t]mepw ewln- mwp timsxnapdn- p- n tamzn A\p-Iq-en-Iƒ am[y-a-{]- h Ø-Isc ]c-ky-ambn B{I-an- -Xv.$ $Hcm-gvN-bv nss c mw Xh-W-bmWp U ln ]Syme lukv tims-xn-bn A`n-`m-j-I-cpsS t\xr-xz-øn am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I p t\tc Agn- m w \S- -Xv.$

7 (7) kp{]ow tims-xn-bpss {]txyi\n tziw t]mepw ewln- mwp timsxnapdn- p- n tamzn A\p-Iq-en-Iƒ am[y-a-{]- h Ø-Isc ]c-ky-ambn B{I-an- -Xv. ti{μ-k m-cns t\cn p \nb-{ -W-Øn- {]h Øn- p U ln t]meokv F mw I p ssisi- n- \n- p. Hcm-gvN-bv nss c mw Xh-W-bmWp U ln ]Syme lukv tims-xn-bn A`n-`m-j-I-cpsS t\xr-xz-øn am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I p t\tc Agn- m w \S- -Xv. ti{μ B`y- -c-a{ n cmpv\myv knßpw hm Øm-hn-X-c-W [\Imcya{ n Acp Pbv venbpw A{IasØ A]-e-]n- p. A{X-bp-sa- nepw `mkyw. ]Sym-e- lukv tims-xn-bnse A{I-a-kw-`-h-ßƒ - C- se t]meo-kns ssihn p t]mb-txmss kp{]ow -tim-sxn ASn-b- c CS-s]-S \S-Øn. IdpØ tim n ImSØw cmpy-t{zml p w -Np-aØn Ad-Ãp -snbvx U ln Ph-l em s\lvdp k h-i-em-ime bqwn-b {]kn-u v I\ø Ipam-dns\ tims-xnbn lmp-cm- n-b-t m-gm-bn-cp p G -hp-sam-sphn kwl-]-cn-hm A\p-Iq-en-I-fmb A`n-`m-j- I tn p am[y-a-{]-h Ø-Isc B{I-an- -Xv. timsxn apdn-bn-te p t]meokv sim pt]mip- -Xn-\nsS hnzym Yn t\xm-hn-s\bpw Ch {Iqc-ambn a ±n- p. \nbaw ssibn-se-spøp am[ya{]h Ø-Isc B{I-an- p-tºmƒ t]meokv t\m n-\n- p. A{I-an-Isf ]n n-cn- n- m t]mepw \nb-a-]m-e-i sa\-s - n-. kp{]ow timsxn \ntbm-kn apxn A`n-`m-j-I-cpsS ]m\-en-s\-xn-tcbpw Hcp hn`mkw A`n-`m-j-I Kp -Isf t]mse Agn- m-sn. ap ti{μ-a{ n I]n kn_, Zpjy v Zsh, cmpohv [hm, F.-Un.-F. dmhp, lnc dmh-øv, Cμnc PbvknMv XpS-ßnb-h-cm-bn-cp p kanxnbwk-ßƒ. ]Sym-e- lukv tims-xn-bpss {]h Ø-\-ßƒ \n Øn-h p ]cnkcw Hgn- n- m kp{]ow tims- Xn p \n tziw \ ti- n- h- p. Iogvt m-sxn {]h Ø-\-ßƒ \n Øn-h-bv m ]c-tam- XtImS- Xn v CS-s]-tS n hcp- Xp Xs P\m-[n-]XycmPy- Øn\pw \nb-a-hy-hÿbv pw sh p-hnfn-bm-wv. CXn\p tijw Ab apxn A`n-`m-j-Isc ssitb w snøm\pw A{I-an-Iƒ asn- n-s - Xp {]iv\w AXohKpcp-X-c-am- p- p. tims-xn-bpss IÃ-Un-bn-ep Hcm-sfbmWv A`n-`m-j-I-cpsS Ku [cn kwl- ]-cn-hm A\p-Iq-en-Iƒ \ne-øn p Nhn- p-ibpw snin- Øv ASn- p-ibpw snbvx-xv. timsxn \S-]Sn dnt m p snøm-s\-ønb am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I-scbpw CtX A`n-`m-j-IcmWp ssitb w snbv-xxv. \nb-a-hy-h-ÿtbm-sp sh p-hn-fn-bm-wn-xv. `c-w-l-s-\- sbbpw \oxn-\ymbhyh-ÿ-sbbpw am\n- mø shdpw sxωm-sn- q- -ß-fmbn A`n-`mj-I-cn Nne A[x-]-Xn- p. tims-xn- p- n sxcp-hp-kp t]mepw snøm-\n-s-bn- mø Imcy-ß-fmWp h Ko-b-{`m- - m I\ø Ipam-

$(8) Im n- q- n-b-xv. tzi-kvt\-l-øns t]cn-emwp sxcp-hp-kp- -Isf t]mse A`n-`m-j-I-cnse Nne s]cp-am-dn-b-sx- Xpw ImWmsX t]mip- n-.$ $hnl-s-\-hm- Zn-Isf Fß-s\bpw ssiimcyw snømw, ]t, I]ScmPy-kvt\-ln- Iƒ Zpc w hnx-bv p-sa ]g-samgn ad- -cp-xv.$

8 (8) Im n- q- n-b-xv. tzi-kvt\-l-øns t]cn-emwp sxcp-hp-kp- -Isf t]mse A`n-`m-j-I-cnse Nne s]cp-am-dn-b-sx- Xpw ImWmsX t]mip- n-. tzi-kvt\-l-øn\p ]pxnb A -X-e-ßfpw \n h-n-\-ßfpw Is -Øp- -h cmpy-øns sfiy-øn\pw AJ-fi-Xbv pw kam-[m-\m- -co- -Øn-\p-amWp timsmen hbv p- -Xv. hnl-s-\-hm- Zn-Isf Fß-s\bpw ssiimcyw snømw, ]t, I]ScmPy-kvt\-ln- Iƒ Zpc w hnx-bv p-sa ]g-samgn ad- -cp-xv. `n m-`n-{]m-b-ßƒ ]d-bp- -h-tcmsv Ak-ln-jvWpX {]I-Sn- n- p-ibpw {]tim-]-\- Øns hmtfm-ßp-ibpw snøpi hgn \msns\ Acm-P-I-Xz-Ønte p X nhnsp-i-bm-wv. `oxnz-amb Cu Ahÿ {_n ojv `cwime-l- sø t]mepw \mwn- n- p Xc-Øn-em-Ip- p. ssihn-c-ep-iƒ p ]mi-am-in ISn- m spf bphp-ambn _ -s v cmpy-ømsi henb timfn-f- ap- m- nb kw`-h-ßƒ dnt m p snøm tims-xn-bn-se-ønb am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I-sc-bmWp t]meo-kns km n-[y-øn h o-e- m-cnse Nne sxωm-sn-iƒ X n- -X- Xv. Ima-d-Iƒ X n-s m-fn- p-ibpw am[ya{]h Ø-I p t\tc Is -dnbp-ibpw snbvxp. I pw Ipdp-h-Sn-I-fpam-sb-Ønb B -F-kv-Fkv A\p-Iqe A`n-`m-j-I A{Iaw Agn- p-hn- n pw t]meokv A\-ßn-bn-. HcmgvN apºp am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I pw A[ym-]- I pw t\tc \S A{I-a-Øn\p t\xrxzw \ Inb hn{iw knmv Nulm-\m-bn-cp p ho pw am[y-a-{]- h Ø-Isc A{I-an- m ]c-ky-ambn t\xrxzw \ In-b-Xv. F ns t]cnem-bmepw kzx{ am[ya{]h Ø-\- Øn-s\-Xn-tc-bp ]c-ky-amb sh phn-fn-bmwp U ln timsxn ]cn-k-c- Øp- m-b-xv. am[ya-{]-h Ø-I s - Xntc Ak-ln-jvWp-Xbpw A{I-ahpw IqSn-h-cn-I-bp-am-Wv. am[y-a-{]-h Ø- Isc `oj-wn-s -Sp-Ønbpw Imbn-Iambn ssitb w snbvxpw hmb-s- n- m-sa p Nne-sc- nepw Icp-Xp- p. ]e pw, kzx-{ -amb A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw FXn p-i-fpw C m-xm- m-\p Ipdp- p-hgn IqSn-bmWp am[y-a-{]- h Ø-I pw am[y-a-ÿm-]-\- ßƒ pw t\tcbp `oj-wn-ifpw ssitb- -ßfpw A{I-a-ß-fpw. hm Ø-I-fpsS t]cn ]{X-{]- h Ø-I simesnø-s kw`-hßfpw \nc-h-[n-bm-wv. am[y-a-{]-h Ø- I-cm-b-Xns t]cn 2014 am{xw 61 t]cmwp Poh _en-b n- -Xv. kndn-b-bn am{xw 17 t] p Poh \jvs-am-bn. B{ m{]tz-in

$Øn\pw P\-ßƒ pw \oxnbpw \ bpw e`y-am- m t]mcm- Sp-I-bm-Wv. (9) Fw.-hn.-F.$ $Øn- p- p-sh- Xpw cl-ky-a-. tp W-en-k-Øns ad-hn ]e Xc-Ønepw Xe-Ønepw BIvSnhn-Ãp-I-fmbn amdm-\p Nne-cpsS \ymbo-i-c-w-ßfpw Ifw tami-am- p- p.$

9 Øn\pw P\-ßƒ pw \oxnbpw \ bpw e`y-am- m t]mcm- Sp-I-bm-Wv. (9) Fw.-hn.-F. i - s]m n-s -dn-bpi Iq p-hn-e-ßp-iƒ am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I-cn Nne kz w tpmen ad p cmjv{so-b- m, PmXn- -ax ta[m-hn-iƒ, h Ko-bhm-Zn-Iƒ, Xo{hhm-Zn-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h p th n Adn pw Adn-bm-sXbpw hgn-hn pw hf pw {]h Øn- p- p-sh- Xpw cl-ky-a-. tp W-en-k-Øns ad-hn ]e Xc-Ønepw Xe-Ønepw BIvSnhn-Ãp-I-fmbn amdm-\p Nne-cpsS \ymbo-i-c-w-ßfpw Ifw tami-am- p- p. am[ya- [ aw ad p {]h Øn- p- -hcpw Agna-Xn- m-cp-ambn amdp A]q hw Nne-scbpw ImWm-\m-Ipw. hm Ø-I-fnse kxy-k- Xbpw \oxn-t_m-[hpw kmaq-lyt_m-[-hp-am-iww am[ya-{]-h Ø-Is henb hnπ-hw. FÆam^n-b-s -Xnsc dnt m v Fgp-Xn-b-Xns t]cn Fw.-hn.-F. i - F sxep v am[y-a-{]- h Ø-I sim -s - p. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s bpw a\pjym-h-im-i-ß-fp-ssbpw Imh mcmb am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I C p temi-saßpw ]e-co-xn-bn th -bm- S-s - p-sim- n-cn- p- p. C y `c- W-L-S\ hn`m-h\w snøp BhnjvImckzmX-{ yhpw A`n- {]mbkzmx-{ yhpw t]mepw \ntj- [n- p \ne. `c-w-iq-s-ß-fpss sim -cp-xm-bva-iƒs -Xntc i_vzn- -Xns t]cn, Xo{h-hmZw F Hma-\-t -cn Ac-tß-dp simsnb {Iqc-X-Ifpw a\p-jym-h- ImiewL-\-ßfpw ]pdw-tem-isø Adn-bn- -Xns t]cn, `c-w- mcpss Agn-a-Xn-Iƒ ]pd-øp-sim- ph- -Xns t]cn, ]e-x-c-ønepw Xe-Ønep-ap Nqj-W-ßsf sndp- p- -Xns t]cn, kv{xo]o-u-\-ßƒs -Xntc {]Xn-Icn- p- -Xns t]cn, PmXo-bhpw h Ko-bhp-amb XmXv]-cy-ßƒ Xpd- p-im- p- -Xns t]cn F mw th -bm-s-s -Sp- Xp am[y-a- {]-h Ø-I-cm-Wv. kz w Poh\pw Pohn-Xhpw kam-[m- \hpw kºøpw Btcm-Ky-hp-sa mw ]W-bs -Sp-Øn-bmWp am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I XßfpsS tpmen snøp- -Xv. ]e-t mgpw {]Xn- ^-e-tam, hcpw-h-cm-bvi-itfm t]mepw t\m m-sx-bmwp `qcn-] w am[ya-{]- h Ø-Icpw kaq-l-øns \ -Iƒ mbn ]mbp- -Xv. kz w tpmen pw Pohn-X- Øn\pw kpc- n-xxzw C m-ø-h, cmpy- am[y-a-ß-fn-sebpw am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I-cn-sebpw sx mb {]h-w-x-iƒ Xnc-ptØ- Xv am[y-a-kaqlw Xs -bm-wv. F m ]pgp- p-øp-iƒ Nq n- m n ]e-x-c-øn am[y-aß-sfbpw am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I-scbpw Iq p-hn-e-ßn-sm\pw \nb- { n- m\pap {ia-ßfpw ImWmsX t]mi-cp-xv. \nb-a- Øns kmt -Xn-IXzw D]-tbm-K-s -SpØn am[y-a-{]-h Ø- Isc XS-h-d-I-fn-em- p kw`-h-ßfpw Ipd-h-. ti{μ kwÿm\k m-cp-iƒ apx {]mtz-init\xm- ƒ hsc Xß-fpsS Imcyw hcp-tºmƒ am[y-a-{]-h Ø-Isc \nb-{ n- m XnSp w Im p- p. GXp-X-c-Øn-ep \nb-{ -Wßfpw kzx{ m`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-ssbpw kxy-øn-s bpw taep Iq p-hn-e-ßp-iƒ Xs -bm-wv.... Zo-]nI Atkm-kn-tb v FUn- dpw U ln _yqtdm No^pamWv tej-i C -sabn : chiefdelhi@deepika.com

$(10) am[y-a-hn-nm-cw am\y-x-tbmss PÃnkv kn.-f.$ $F m Im jni{]iv\-ß-tf- p-dn v Ct -hsc Ft m-smcpw tnmzn- n- n. ImcWw \ΩpsS \m nse ÿnxn-b-\p-k-cn v Hcp A{Kn-Iƒ _nfkvkn t]mep-an- mø Bƒ Irjn-sb- p-dn p ]d-bm tbmky-\.$

10 (10) am[y-a-hn-nm-cw am\y-x-tbmss PÃnkv kn.-f. cma-n-{μ \mb ti-cf aounb A m-z-an-bn \S kvtimf C Imºkv {]`m-j-w-ønse {]k `mk-ßƒ Hcp I j-i-\mbn P\n- v, I j-i-\mbn hf v, apjyambpw Im jnihrønifnte s - n-cn- p BfmWp Rm. F m Im jni{]iv\-ß-tf- p-dn v Ct -hsc Ft m-smcpw tnmzn- n- n. ImcWw \ΩpsS \m nse ÿnxn-b-\p-k-cn v Hcp A{Kn-Iƒ _nfkvkn t]mep-an- mø Bƒ Irjn-sb- p-dn p ]d-bm tbmky-\. Aßs\ t\m p-tºmƒ am[ya Imcy-ß-sf- p-dn v B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn kwkm-cn- m F\n v Hcp tbmky-x-bp-an-. "{Sb ss_ aounb' F XmWp \ΩpsS hnjb-w. 24 awn- qdpw Sohn-bpsS ap ]n \nßƒ I p-sim- n-cn- p XmWv Cu {Sb ss_ aoun-b. Hmtcmcp-Ø pw AXn-t\- n Hmtcm A`n-{]m-b-ap- v. ]ecpw hn[n-sb-gp-xp coxn-bn Ah-X-cn- n pw. ]t, ]n m-eøv timsxnhn[n-i-sf mw am[ya-hn-nm-c-w-bp-am-bn F{Xam{Xw tbmpn p t]mip p? Hcp DZm-l-cWw ]d-bmw. h jßƒ p ap ]v Rms\mcp A`n-`m-j-I-\m-bn-cp- -t mƒsim sø hfsc {][m-\- s Hcp ti{μk m Iº-\n-bn sxmgn-emfn bqwn-bs bpw skmssk- nbp-ssbpw F m-am-bn-cp Hcp henb t\xm-hp- m-bn-cp- p. hf-sc- mew a{ nbp-am-bncp p. ÿncw FwF F Bbn-cp- p. Hcn- Hcp sndnb t\xm-hmb sndp- - m-c At±-l-Øn-s\-Xncmbn bqwn-b kwl-sn- n p. Npcp w t]cpss t\xr-xz-øn At±-lsØ hna in v bqwn-b

$(11) D m n. Iptd A\p-bm-bn-I-sfsbms In n. Aßs\ Hcp sndpt\xmhv FXn `m-køp h p. At mƒøs F m-hcpw ]d p, Cu sndp-t\-xmhv ISen ]Xn pw; A yw Ipdn- pw. A{X i -\mbncp p apjy-t\- Xm-hv.$

11 (11) D m n. Iptd A\p-bm-bn-I-sfsbms In n. Aßs\ Hcp sndpt\xmhv FXn `m-køp h p. At mƒøs F m-hcpw ]d p, Cu sndp-t\-xmhv ISen ]Xn pw; A yw Ipdn- pw. A{X i -\mbncp p apjy-t\- Xm-hv. Hcp {]-`m-x-øn Cu sndpt\-xmhv A{]-Xy- -\m-hp p. Cbmƒ ssk n-fn t]miptºmƒ sim s Sp- p. Aßs\ ]{X-ßfnepw am[y-a-ß-fnepsa mw henb t\xm-hns\ sndp-t\-xm-hns Xntcm-[m-\- Øns DØ-c-hm-Zn-bm n am n. Abmƒ Ce- \n txm p. ]t, Hcp aq p-h jw Ign- t mƒ Adn-bp p ImWm-Xmb sndp- - m-cs\ Btcm IpS-In Xma-kn- n- n-cn- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p. Abmƒ asßn h p, Cu a\pjys `mky-øn-\v. Rm Xs am[y-a-hn-nm-c-wbpss Hcp Cc-bm-Wv. sslt m- SXn PUvPnbmbn-cp ImesØ Hcp hn[n-\ymbw \nßƒ ti n- p- m-bn-cn- pw hgn-tbm-ctbmk\ntcm-[-\w. B hn[n\ymbsø- p-dn v Cs -\n p ]dbmw. ImcWw C v Rm PUvPn-b-. Beph sdbn th tãj\p ap ]n-ep _kv Ãm Un, P\-Øn\p \n pxncn-bm ÿean- m-øn-søp ÿncw Itk-c-Ifn p tbmkw \S-Øp p F p ]d v t^mt m klnxw Hcp s]mxp-xm ]cyl Pn tims-xnbn FØn. AXn\v Bcpw H_vPIvj H pw ^b snbvxn-. AXp \ntcm-[n- -Wsa v ]d- p. At mƒ Rm ko\n-b PUvPn-bm-Wv. Fs IqsS Hcp PUvPn-bp- v. Unhn-j s_ n tikv h p. s]mxp- Xm ]-cyl Pn Unhn-j s_ n-em-wv. Rm hnnm-cn p CXv F p \n m-c-im-cy-amwv. hgn-bn Cßs\ Itk-cbn v tbmkw \S-Øm-tam? Sm C tdmun, CXp icn-b- -t m. F m-hcpw kzmkxw snøp-sat m Øv hn[n-\ym-b-sa-gp-xn. ]Øp-an-\n v UnIvt v snbvx hn[n-bm-wv. hgn-tbmctbmk-ßƒ \ntcm-[n- n-cn- p- p. hgn-bm-{x- m, Bw_p-e kv, kviqƒ Ip n- Iƒ, kviqƒ _kv AsX mw XS p tbmkw \S-Ø-cp-sX pw AXp-h-enb A]-I-S-ap- m pw. CXp km[m-c-w-_p- n-bp B p ti mepw txm pw. CXn- \-IØv C{X {]iv\-sa- mwv? hgn-bn ao nmv A \S-tØ- Xv. hgn- h ntbm-sn- m-\pw \S- m-\p-ap- -Xt? Cu PUvPvsa n qsn am{xw Fs Adn-bp Bfp-I-fp- v. A p sship-t cw ho n Snhn ImWp-tºm-gmWv CXp `b- -c-timfn-f w krjvsn PUvPv-sa msw v Adn- -Xv. CXp-t]mse lo\-amb Hcp Ip -IrXyw Cu tic-f-ønse cmjv{so-bøn-s\-xncm-bn,v P\m-[n-]-XyØn-s\-Xn-cmbn v tims-xn p snøm-\n F p ]d p `b- c{]iv\ambn. Pqdnkv{]qU kv F p ]d- m km[m-c-w- m p a\- n-em- m ] mø Imcy-sam- pa-. Bep-h-bv p hgn- tnm-zn- m, hgn ]d p simsp- pi. AXmWp \nb-aw. \oxn F p ]d- m AXns F UmWv. km[m-c-w- m-c\p In p- Xp \oxn-bm-wv. At mƒ \oxnsb Øn- p hgn-bmwp \nb-aw Fgp-Xnb PUvPvsa v C pw ]cm-a in- p-sim- n-cn- p-ibm-wv. shdpw I{Xn-I-sIm v Fgp- Xp hn[n-\ym-b-ß-fmwp ]Ip- Xnbpw. F mwv Hdn-Pn-\ krjvsn? Aß-s\-bp PUvPvsa n-. I Cßs\ ]d-bp- p. t_mws_ Cßs\ ]d- p. a{zmkv sslt m-sxn Cßs\ ]d- p. Rm\n-ßs\ ]d-bp- p. tizm v snømsx Hdn-Pn- \ ]pkvxiw hmbn p \nbaw hymjym-\n v hn[n-\ymbw Fgp- Xm ]d- m ]e PUvPn-amcpw Hcp-]-t, cmpn-h p t]mti- - Xm-bn- h-cpw. ImcWw Ah-cpsS klmbn CXmWv {]okn-u kv AYhm Iogvhg w. tic-f-øn F{Xtbm Nm\- epifp v! henb kw`m-h-\-ifmwv Ah kaq-l-øn\p \ Ip- -Xv. ]t, Ccp-Xeaq -bp IØn-bmWp \ΩpsS am[ya-ßƒ. henb C shãvsa v Bh-iyap v am[y-a-ßƒ v. Izmfn-ss^- Umb [mcmfw am[ya{]h Ø- I, Bt -gvkv, dnt m am henb kmº-øni Hu vte. t^mivkv Nm\, knf -F F n-hsb mw timsn-i-fpss henb hyh-kmbÿm]-\-ß-fm-wv. aoun-b-bn Hcp sk ^v I t{smƒ D m-h-ww kzbw \nb-{ Ww. hyqh- jn v A\p-kcn- m-wp ]ckyw e`n- p-i. F{Xt] hyqthgvkv Ds p k tδ- \SØp p. AX-\p-k-cn- mwv

$(12) Ah AUz sss-kn-ßns Xmcn^v Iq p-i. \yqkv t{]m{km-ap-iƒ t]mepw kvt]m k snøp- p. aounb sntø- Xv H - m-cyam{xw Ign-bp- Xpw kxy-k- X ]pe Øp-I. \yqkv Nm\-ep-Iƒ hnt\mznm\-ep-i-fmbn Hcn- epw amd-cp-xv.$

12 (12) Ah AUz sss-kn-ßns Xmcn^v Iq p-i. \yqkv t{]m{km-ap-iƒ t]mepw kvt]m k snøp- p. aounb sntø- Xv H - m-cyam{xw Ign-bp- Xpw kxy-k- X ]pe Øp-I. \yqkv Nm\-ep-Iƒ hnt\mznm\-ep-i-fmbn Hcn- epw amd-cp-xv. \yqkv Nm\-ense \yqkv I mwp sabn. Nm\ N hc-s. N -Iƒ Hcmsftbm Hcp cmjv{so-b- m nsbtbm Hcp IΩojs\tbm Sm K v snøm\mi-cp-xv. C Ã mb Ih-tdPv BWv C-t mƒ. H pw ]Tn- m Bcpw Xbm-d-. Ah-Xm-c-I-\p-t]mepw Imcyw Adn-bn-. Ah-Xm-c-I Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcmSpw tnmzn p Imcyw a\- n-em pw. Hcp tnmzy- Øn\pØcw Hcmƒ ]d-bpw. B DØ-c-Øn \n p as mcp tnmzyw. Hcp-X-c-Øn AØcw ÿnxn-hn-ti-j-amwp \S- p- Xv. henb timws]- o-j BWv Nm\- ep-i-fn-te-xv. B pw ImØp- \n m Ign-bn-. ^Ãv IhtdPv BcpsS F mwv; B p - In n F m-wv. hyqh jn]v Iq m-\p hy{k- Xbn, F m-øn-s\bpw hnhm-zß-fm n am m\p {ia-amwv, hnhm-zan-s - n Bcp tiƒ m- \mwv? Fs -b-spøv Snhn C hyq FSp- m h Hcp s] Ip n A`n-apJw Ign- t mƒ ]d- p, ""H p-an t m kmtd''. Rm ]d- p, ""Rm Bh-iy-s - n- - -t m, \nßƒ h Xv? ]t, hnhm-z-am-bns m pw Rm ]d-bp- n-.'' Ah v Dt±-in Xc-Øn adp- ]Sn In p- n. Nm\-ens s{iun-_n-en n hfsc {][m\s Imcy-amWv. Hcp aounb lukns hnizmkyx hfsc {][m-\amwv. A n-aambn Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw hne-bn-cp- Øpw B Nm\-et, henb hnesbm- p-an-. As - n Cbmft ]d- Xv? Fs mcp henb A]-am-\- amwp cmjv{sobi n-iƒ kln- p- -Xv. ]ecpw A ln- p- -h-cmwv. F nepw \ ^e-ßƒ \mw Hcn- epw ad- -cp-xv. C p \Ωƒ Snhn-bn \S-Øp hensbmcp Imwºbv {Iq-sskUv, aounb FK Ãv Id-]vj. Xo bmbpw F I-tdPv snø- Ww. ]t, kxy-k- sc ssi q-en- m-cmbn Nn{Xo- I-cn- cp-xv. F m-bmepw Id]vS-dm-b-t m. F m ssiiqen hmßntb mw F p coxn-bn a\ pw amdpw-hn[w Btcbpw Uotam-dssekv snø-cp-xv. Btcbpw tami- m-cm n am -cpxv. Snhn-bn-sems I n- nt t]meokv Hm^o-k sxm nbqcn f v {Inan-\-embn hcn-i, IØn-sb-Sp- p-i, IpØp-I \oxn Rm \S- n-em pw F p ]d-bp AØ-c-samcp ÿnxn hntijw \m nep v. \ -h-cm-b-hsc hgn-sx- n- p coxn-bn aounb Xncn-b-cp-Xv. hnhm-z-øn-\p-th n hnhmzw Hcp Imc-W-h-imepw Bh-iy-an-. Unkvs{I-Un v snøm aoun-bbv v Hcp asn-bp-an-. \ne-hn-ep tikp-iƒ aounb hnkvx-cn p P\-ß-fn-semcp Cw{]-j D m pw C -bmƒ C -Ip w snbvxp F a n. cmjv{sobt\xmhv Hcmsf sim p IS-en X n-sb- -XmWp aoun-b-bpss I qsj. Abmƒ Xncn- p-h- ns n Cbmsf Hcp sime-bm-fn-bmtbm Ip - mc-\mtbm P\w Nn{Xo-I-cn- pw. \oxn-\ymb hyh-ÿsb henb coxnbn kzm[o-\n- p H mwp \ΩpsS aounb hnkvxm-cw. timsxn hnkvxm-chpw aounb hnkvxm-chpw XΩn henb A cap v. henb Btcm-]Ww t\cn-sp DtZym-K-ÿ-cp- v; cmjv{so-bt\-xm- -fp- v. Ah s ms FXn-cmbn F Iz-bdn \S-Øp-tºmƒ hfsc _me kvum-bn, \oxn a\- n - p-sim p am{xta am[yahnkvxmcw \S-Øm-hq. am[y-a-hn-kvxm-csø Rm A\p-Iq-en- p- p- v. AXp icn-bmb Zni-bnemI-Ww. Xo -bmbpw kaq-l-øns \ -bv p- th n kaq-l- Ønse Agn-aXn XpS- p-\o- m hen-b-co-xn-bn am[y-a-ßƒ Imcyßƒ snøp- p- v. bmsxmcp kwi-b-hp-an-. ]t, F m-øn-s\bpw hnhm-z-ß-fn-te p sim p-t]m-icp-xv. snss -bnse sh -s m w, t\ m-fnse `qiºw Aßs\ F{X henb Zpc- -ßƒ am[y-a-ßƒ Gs -Sp-Øp. temi-øns \m\m-`m-k-ßfn \n pw ]Ww hcp-øn. Aßs\ Fs mw henb klm-b-ßƒ kaq-l-øn\p snøp p! am[y-a-ß-fpss {]h Ø-\-ßƒ v AXn-cp-Ifn. AXnse \ bv pw AXn-cp-I-fn-. AXv GXp-co-Xn-bn-te pw A[x-]-Xn- p- -Xn\pw AXn-cp-I-fn-. am[y-a-ßƒ p -th- hnhm-z-ßƒ am{xw simsp- p s{]m^-j- W-emb ÿncw IptdbmfpIfp v. \yq{s-embn \n p- -hsc, Imc- Iv D -h-sc, kxy-øn \n p hyxn-n-en- m-ø-hsc am{xta Cßs\-bp- n-søp sim p-h-cm-hq. am[y-a-{]-h Ø\w, \ΩpsS P\m-[n-]- Xy-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn PpUo-jydn t]msexs {]m[m\ya ln- p- - H m-wv.... Xbm-dm- n-bxv: si. tla-ex

$(13) F.-F. l nw hna i\ap -am-iww Hakkim am[y-a-cwkw am[y-a-{]-h Ø\w BZ-c-Wo-b-amb s]mxp-{]-h Ø-\-am-Wv. cmpyøv Hcp-]mSp k Δ-I-em-im-e-Ifpw hnzym-`ym-k-ti-{μ-ß-fp-ap- v.$ $h jw-txmdpw e - -W- n\v F Pn-\o-b amcpw tumivs amcpw A`n-`m-j-Icpw CXc s{]m^-j-w-ep-ifpw _ncp-z-ßƒ t\sn ]pdw-tem-i-tø p hcp- p. Ah-sc-sb m-hscbpw \msn\v Bh-iy-ap- v.$

13 (13) F.-F. l nw hna i\ap -am-iww Hakkim am[y-a-cwkw am[y-a-{]-h Ø\w BZ-c-Wo-b-amb s]mxp-{]-h Ø-\-am-Wv. cmpyøv Hcp-]mSp k Δ-I-em-im-e-Ifpw hnzym-`ym-k-ti-{μ-ß-fp-ap- v. AhnsS \ns mw Ht sd bphm- ƒ h jw-txmdpw k\zv t\sn ]pd-øp-h-cp- p-ap- v. A q- -Øn FÆw ]d-bm-hp Ipd- pt] am{x-amwp tp W-en-Ãp-Iƒ. h jw-txmdpw e - -W- n\v F Pn-\o-b amcpw tumivs amcpw A`n-`m-j-Icpw CXc s{]m^-j-w-ep-ifpw _ncp-z-ßƒ t\sn ]pdw-tem-i-tø p hcp- p. Ah-sc-sb m-hscbpw \msn\v Bh-iy-ap- v. Ah-cp-tSXv Dƒs ss cmpysø apgp-h ]uc- m-cp-ssbpw tkh-\hpw A -W-hp-amWv \ΩpsS cmpy-øns i n. CØcw tumivs amcpw F Pn-\ob am-cp-sa mw CXc cmpy-ß-fn-ep-ap- v. Ahn-S-ß-fn-sebpw C y-bn-sebpw hnz-kv[-cpss {]h Ø-\-Øn henb hyxym-k-sam- p-an-. tumivs am tcmkn-isf NnIn n- p- p. F Pn-\o-b am aμn-c-ßfpw ]mx-ifpw ]me-ßfpw \n an- p- p. F m, tp W-en-Ãp-Iƒ Aß-s\-b-. Ah p khn-ti-j-am-sbmcp {]m[m\yw \ΩpsS cmpy-øp- v. Ah \ΩpsS P\m-[n-]-XysØ Xmßn-\n Øp \mep kvxw`-ßfn H m-wv. Aß-s\-sbmcp ÿm\w, C y-bn-ep- {X {]m[m-\y-tøm-ss, ]e cmpy-ßfnepw tp W-en-Ãp-Iƒ n-. AØcw cmpy-ß-fn tp W-en-Ãp-Iƒ A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS ]n.-b. tpmen- mtcm Ipd- -] w Ah-cpsS kvxpxn-]m-t-itcm Hs -bm-wv.

$(14) C y-bn tp W-en-Ãp-Iƒ Aß-s\-b-. Ah Cu \m nse P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns Imh \mbv -fm-wv. Aß-s\-b- msx Ah as m pw Bbn-cn- m\pw ]msn-.$

14 (14) C y-bn tp W-en-Ãp-Iƒ Aß-s\-b-. Ah Cu \m nse P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns Imh \mbv -fm-wv. Aß-s\-b- msx Ah as m pw Bbn-cn- m\pw ]msn-. -P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns \mepsi v kz -μ-ambn {]h Øn- p-tºmƒ ]Sn- p-c-bn Dd- -an-f p Imh \n p- -h-cmwp tp W-en-Ãp- Iƒ. ]pdøp tp W-en-Ãp-I-fpsS Imh-ep v F Dd- nepw hnizm-k-øn-ep-amwv AI-Ø-f-Øn \ΩpsS P\m-[n-]Xyw `wk-ta-xp-an- msx {]h Øn- p- -Xpw- am[ya{]h Ø\w BZ-c-Wo-b-am-Ip- -Xpw. am[y-a-ÿm-]-\-ß-fpss \S-Øn v C v BtKm-f- XeØn Øs Hcp hyh-km-b-ambn amdn-bn- p- v. hyh-km-b-øns BXy- n-i-e yw em`-am-wv. t\ ß-fpsS A -s -cp- -ßƒ ASn-ÿm-\-am n hni-k- \-Øns ]pxnb ta n p-d-ßƒ txsp- -XmWp hyh-km-b-øns coxn-imkv{xw. Ipd sne-hn IqSp-X em`-ap- m- p- - XmWt m hyh-kmbhf bpss Ipdp- -ph-gn. B {]h- WX C y-bnepw tic-f-ønepw hym]n- n- p- v. am[yahyh-km-b-øns e yw IqSp-X {]Nm-chpw IqSp-X ]c-ky-hpw -F- m-bncn- p- p. ]c-ky-amwp apjy-hcp-am\w F n-cnt ]c-ky- Øn-\mbn t\c-tø-xs ÿew am n-h-bv p- p. ]e {]ap-j-]-{x-ß-fpssbpw H mw t]pv Pm v ]c-ky-øn-\mbn \ Ip- p. hm Ø-Iƒ ]c-ky- Zm-Xm-hn\v CjvS-t -Sp- m- p- txm k p-te-j Ipdbm Imc-W-am-Ip- txm BsW- n B hm Ø \ΩpsS ]{X-Øn /Nm\-en simsp-t - -Xn F apxemfn a\- ns\ Xr]vXns Sp-Øm tp W-en-Ãns\ \n _- n- p Ah-ÿ. tp W-en-Ãp-I-fpsS at\m-`m-h-ønepw am w h p XpS-ßn-bn-cn- p- p. tp W-enkw Cs mcp sxmgn am{x-ambn amdn-bn-cn- p- p- -am-[y-a-{]-h Ø- I Hcp sxmgn-emfn! Npcp-ßnb ka-b-øn-\p- n G n- -s tpmen Ipd A[zm-\-Øn ]q Øn-bm n as-ßn-t m-ip sxmgn-em-fn. hm ns Bc- m t\m n, Fb I- ojs XWp- n-s\bpw Iw]yq- -dns kv]oun-s\bpw B{i-bn p tpmen snbvxp Xo p "sdthuv ss n'. Cu c p -{]-h-w-xbpw sx m-wv. P\m-[n-]-Xy- Øns Imh kvxw-`-øn-\v, ]Sn- p-c-hm-xnen Icp- X-temsS \n p {]kv F hn`m-k-øns ÿm]n-x-e yw km[n- m Cu c p {]h-w-x- Iƒ pw Ign-bn-. temiøp \ -Xn-\mbn \S F m am - ßƒ pw Nme-I-i- n-bm-bn-cp- n- p- Xv aoun-b-bm- Wv. temi-k-am-[m-\-øn\p apjy-] p hln- n- p- Xv cmpy-t\-xm- ƒ XΩn-ep ]ªnIv dnte-j km-wv. CXn\v C y-bn Øs hfsc A\p-I-c-Wob DZml-c-W-ßƒ D v. C y-bpss am[yancn-{xsø c p {][m\ hmey-ß-fm- mw \p apºpw- ti-jhpw. c pw \ΩpsS kzmx{ yt]mcm- -hp-ambn _ -s p InS- p- p. kzmx-{ y-ap am[y-a-{]-h Ø-\sØ txspi F Xv A\v[ ]p ta-sp-itfm Pe-{]-hmltam sxm -dn-bm {ian- p- -Xp -t]m-se-bm-wv. F m Nne \nan-jm [-ß-fn Kmb-I Km\-am-Ip- -Xp-t]m-se, \ ØIn \rø-am-ip- -Xp-t]m-se, Nn{X-Im-c Nn{X-ambn amdp- -Xp-t]mse am[y-a-{]- h Ø\w Xs kzmx-{ y-ambn amtd- -Xp- v. C y-bn BZy-Im-eØv Cu Zni-bn \nc-h[n hgnb-s-bm-fßƒ (A\v[ m v F t]mse) \ap pw e`n- n- p- v. alm-flpn-bmwp \ΩpsS amxrim tp W-en-Ãv. ]fin v Ph-l em s\lvdp, temivam\y _me-kw- Km-[cXne-I XpSßnb t\xm- ƒ F m-ehpw ]n p-s-cm-hp ]mx Cu cwkøp sh n-sø-fn- -hcmwv. Agn-a-Xn- m-cmb `c-wm-[n-im-cn-iƒ pw Ah p Iq p-\n DtZym-K-ÿ pw FXntc

$(15) si.-kn. amω am n-f si.-]n. tii-h-ta-t\m {]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ hi-h-bv msx \S-Ønb [oc-t]mcm- -ß-fpsS ^e-ambn Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn \n p \msp- I-S-Ø-s kztz-im-`n-am\n ]{Xm-[n-] si.$ $v ]e-x-hw Pbn hmkw A\p-`-hn-t - nh si.-]n.$ $tii-h-ta-t\m, kzmx-{ y-k-a-c-øn\p i -amb ]n pw \ In-b-Xp- aqew Xm ]{Xm-[n- ]Xyw hln ae-bmf at\m-ca AS p-]q- p-ibpw Xs DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep "\mj-w Izbn-tem _m v' ]nsn-s -Sp- p-ibpw aq p h j-tømfw Pbn in$

15 (15) si.-kn. amω am n-f si.-]n. tii-h-ta-t\m {]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ hi-h-bv msx \S-Ønb [oc-t]mcm- -ß-fpsS ^e-ambn Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn \n p \msp- I-S-Ø-s kztz-im-`n-am\n ]{Xm-[n-] si. cma-irjvw-]n-, kz w ]{Xw ]q n-t m-ip-thmfw At±-l- Øn\p kºq W]{Xm-[n]kzmX{ yw \ In hºn IjvS-\-jvS-ßƒ v Cc-bmb kztz-im-`n-am\n ]{Xw DSa h w A_vZp Jm-Z aue-hn, amxr`qan ]{XsØ kzmx-{ y-k-a-c-øn ] m-fn-bm n F mtcm-]n v ]e-x-hw Pbn hmkw A\p-`-hn-t - nh si.-]n. tii-h-ta-t\m, kzmx-{ y-k-a-c-øn\p i -amb ]n pw \ In-b-Xp- aqew Xm ]{Xm-[n- ]Xyw hln ae-bmf at\m-ca AS p-]q- p-ibpw Xs DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep "\mj-w Izbn-tem _m v' ]nsn-s -Sp- p-ibpw aq p h j-tømfw Pbn in A\p-`-hn-t - n-h-cn-ibpw snbvx ]{Xm-[n-] si.-kn. amω am n-f, ]ns si. tif-, si.-f. Zmtam-Z-c-ta-t\m, apl-ωzv A_vZp-d-lnam kmln-_v, si. kpip-am-c Xp-Sßnb D zeamxr-iƒ tic-f-øn Øs \ap p ImWmw. kzmx-{ y-e-_v[n-hsc ]{X-{]-h Ø\w Hcp ZuXy-am-bn-cp- p. kaql-tømsv Fs - nepw ]d-bm- \p- -htcm kaq-l-øn-\p -th n Fs - nepw {]h Øn- m-\p- -htcm BWv ]{X-{]-h Ø\ cwktø p IS- p-h- n-cp- -Xv. Ah DØami-bßƒsIm v A\p-hm-N-Isc t_m[-h-xvi-cn- p. B t_m[w Ahsc Akz-ÿ-am- n. Akz-ÿ-k-aqlsØ A sø t\xm- ƒ kwl-sn- n- p. AØcw kwl-ß-fmwv \m n \ -Xn-\m-bp F m am hpw sim p-h- -Xv. AXp-sIm- p-xs A sø am[y-a-ÿm-]\\s-øn- nse \jvshpw tpmen-bnse XymKhpw Ah p a[p-c-amb A\p-`-ham-bn-cp- p. B t\xm- -fn \n- mwp \mw Du w kw`-cn-t - -Xv. F m Hcp ]{Xm-[n-]sc Ib-dq-cn-hn-Sp Xcw kzmx{ yw A\p-h-Zn- m amt\-pvsa-t m, X\n p tkh\w snøm CSw X ÿm]\w ]q n-t m-ipthmfw A -amb kzmx{ yw FSp- m am[y-a-{]- h Ø-Itcm apxn-cp- Xv `qj-w-a. CXn\p c n-\pan-s-bn Hcp \ne-]m-sp-xd Is -Øm \h-x-e-ap-dbnse am[ya{]h Ø-I p Ign-b-Ww. Ncn-{XsØbpw h Ø-am-\-sØbpw kmlncyøns ]n _-e-øn Iq n-bn-w- p {]mtbm-kn-i-_p- nbpss \ne-]m-sp-x-d. AhnsS BZ it{]m -am-sbmcp t]mcm-fn-bmbn ]pxp-x-e-apd am[ya{]h Ø-I p Xnfßm\m-h-Ww. a-xn-ep-s - nte Nn{Xw hc-bv m- \mhq F {]mtbm-kni kao-]-\hpw Ah-k-c-_p- nbpw IqSntb Xocq. F mw Xnb-dn-bn \n- psim p am{xw snøm {ian- -cp-xv. Xnb-dnbpw {]mivsn- epw XΩn henb A -cap taj-e-bmwp tp W-en-kw. Bg-ap ]pg apdn- p-i-s- m txmwn-bn Ibdnb k mcn Xs XpS p bm{x-bn AtX txmwnbpw Npa p \S pwt]mse-bm-i-cpxv tp W-enkw hnzym YnIƒ. B txmwn k\zv t\sm-\p kne-_kv am{x-am-wv. adp-i-c-bn-se-øn-b-t mƒ ]pxnb am[ya{]h Ø-IcmWv Ah. C\n-bmWp IqSp-X bm{x-sn-øm-\p- - Xv Ic-bnepw BIm-i-Øp-sa- mw. Hmfw X nb ]pgbpss amdn BSn-bp-e txmwn-bn k -cn- -

$(16) t mƒ D m-bn-cp Pm{K-X-bmWp ssihn-smsx kq n-t - -Xv. kky-im-kv{x- \p ]qhns\ Ipdn v \tωmsv Hcp]mSp ]d- p-x-cm Ign-bpw. F m AXns ]cn-a-f-hpw kuμ-cy-hpw \ΩƒXs Bkz-Znt axn-bm-iq.$ $B[p-\nIa\p-jy\v kuμ-cyhpw sshcq-]yhpw- Xn-cn- -dn-bm-xm- n-bxn \ΩpsS aounbbv p henb ] m-wp- -Xv. AXp \oxn-bpss kuμcy-am-imw; a\p-jy-xz-øns kuμ-cy-am-imw.$

16 (16) t mƒ D m-bn-cp Pm{K-X-bmWp ssihn-smsx kq n-t - -Xv. kky-im-kv{x- \p ]qhns\ Ipdn v \tωmsv Hcp]mSp ]d- p-x-cm Ign-bpw. F m AXns ]cn-a-f-hpw kuμ-cy-hpw \ΩƒXs Bkz-Znt axn-bm-iq. Cu kuμ-cyhpw ]cn-a-f-hp-amwv ]q sf ]c-kv]cw hyxn-cn- -am- p- -Xpw. C p \ΩpsS Bkzm-Z- \-io-e-søbpw kuμcyk ß-sfbpw \nb-{ n- p- Xv aounb BWv. kuμcyw AXp ImWp- -h-cpss IÆpIfn-em-Wv. B[p-\nIa\p-jy\v kuμ-cyhpw sshcq-]yhpw- Xn-cn- -dn-bm-xm- n-bxn \ΩpsS aounbbv p henb ] m-wp- -Xv. AXp \oxn-bpss kuμcy-am-imw; a\p-jy-xz-øns kuμ-cy-am-imw. [ a- Øns, am\-hn-i-x-bpss, Zo\m\p-I-º-bpsS, ]c-kv]-ckvt\-l-øns, cmpy-kvt\-l-øns, ITn-\m-[zm-\-Øns -sbms kuμ-cysø sshcq-]y-ambpw Ahsb \ntj-[n- p- -Xns sshcq-]ysø kuμ-cy-ambpw sx n cn- n- -Xn h Ø-am-\-Ime amkv aoun-bbv p ] v A\n-tj-[y-am-Wv. AXp-sIm- mwv C p aounb Gsd hna i-\-ßƒ p hnt[-b-am-ip- -Xv. aoun-bsb hna i\ap -am- pi F Xv Cfw- X-e-apd am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I BZyZuXy-ambn Gs -Sp- Ww. F n ]ns hnpbw \nß-fp-ts-xm-bn-cn- pw. B hnp-b-øn\p \ -{X-Øn-f- -ap- mipw. am[y-a-{]-h Ø-Is t]\-sb, Ima-dsb {]Xo- n v Hcp-]mSp P\-hn-`m-K-ßƒ Ign-bp- p- v. Hcp hm Ø h n-cp-s - n, Hcp Zriyw ImWn- n-cp-s - n...-b-izm-k-øns Bi-I-fn-emWp {]iv\-ßƒ t\cn-sp kaq-l-ßƒ. HØn-cn-t -cpss IÆo-cn\v Bizm-k-ta-Im \nßƒ Fgp-Xp Hcp Ipdn n\m-ipw. AtX-kabw Fgp-Øn h p-t]m-im-hp Hcp A -c-sø p t]mepw Hcp- ]msp a\p-jysc IÆocp IpSn- n- pw. AXn\v Hcn- epw CS-bm- cpxv. Fs Xqen-Ibpw Ima-dbpw F m \ bv pw th n (am-{xw) D]-tbm-Kn- p-sa pw F m Xn bv pw FXn-sc Fs t]\bpw i_vzhpw Ima-dbpw Nen- p-sim-t -bn-cn- p-sa pw ]pxp-x-e-apd am[ya{]h Ø-I {]Xn snø-ww. am[ya {]h Ø\w Hcp X]-ky-bmbn bph-x-e-ap-d-bnse am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I Gs -Sp- -Ww.... C -sabn : nahahakkim@gmail.com...

$(17) aounb ss_ vkv F. ]n. B Xn-c-s -Sp- p-im-ew am-[y-a-ßƒ- p sim-bv-øp-imew Ata-cn- -bn {]kn-u v Xnc-s -Sp v ASp-Øp-h-cp-tºmƒ {]Nm-c-W-s -e-hp-ifpw N m-hnj-b-am-ip- p.$ $s {]h-n\w A\p-kcn v 2015-16- am[y-a-ß-fnse {]N-mc-W-]-c-kyßƒ v 2016- ÿm\m n-ifpw ]m n-ifpw 11.4 _ney tumf sne-hm- pw. CXv 2012teXn-t\- mƒ 20 ix-am\w IqSp-X-em-Wv.$

17 (17) aounb ss_ vkv F. ]n. B Xn-c-s -Sp- p-im-ew am-[y-a-ßƒ- p sim-bv-øp-imew Ata-cn- -bn {]kn-u v Xnc-s -Sp v ASp-Øp-h-cp-tºmƒ {]Nm-c-W-s -e-hp-ifpw N m-hnj-b-am-ip- p. cmjv{sobw Xs h _nkn-\kv Bbn-cn- p- p. F{X timsn tumf-dmwv {]Nm-c-W-]- c-ky-ßƒ p sne-hm- -s -Sp- Xv? t_md Atkm-kn-tb vkv C tim. s {]h-n\w A\p-kcn v am[y-a-ß-fnse {]N-mc-W-]-c-kyßƒ v ÿm\m n-ifpw ]m n-ifpw 11.4 _ney tumf sne-hm- pw. CXv 2012teXn-t\- mƒ 20 ix-am\w IqSp-X-em-Wv. sne-hm-ip- -Xns ]Ip-Xn-sb- nepw {]mtz-in-i-x-e-ønse {]Nm-cW Øn-\mWv D]-tbm-K-s -Sp-I. am[y-a-ßƒ p samø-øn CXp KpW-I-c-am- Ip-sa- nepw F m hn`m-k-ßƒ pw Hcp-t]mse kt m-j-{]-z-a-. ssen-hn-j taj-ebv p apºp In n-tb-s-tømfw CØ-hW In n-. B XpI t]mip- Xp UnPn- am[y-a-ßƒ m-wv. A -Sn- -{Xßƒ pw \ncmibp m-ipw. \jvsw IqSp-X Nm\-ep- Iƒ m-wv, ]{X-ßƒ -. cmjv{so-b-øns Imcyw hcp-tºmƒ Ct mgpw ]{X-ßƒ mwp IqSp-X kzm[o-\w. \ΩpsS \m nse coxn-bn \n p hyxy-kvx-ambn Ata-cn- bn an ]{X-ßfpw {]Nm-c-W-Øns A y-l- - Øn-se- nepw ÿm\m n-i-sfbpw Ah Db Øn- n-sn- p \b-ßfpw hne-bn-cpøn Bsc Pbn- n- p- -XmWp P\-ßƒ p \ Xv F Imcy-Øn-ep

$(18) A`n-{]mbw {]I-Sn- n- m-dp- v. Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp- m P\-ßsf klm-bn- pi F Xp Xß-fpsS Npa-X-ebn s]sp p F mwv Ah Icp-Xp- -Xv.$ $F nepw ]{X-ßƒ A\p-Iqe hne-bn-cp-ø-ep-iƒ \S-Øm ]m n-ifn \n p ]Ww hmßp p Fs m-cm-t ]w Db p-ti- n- n-. ]{X-ß-fpsS \ne-]m-sp-iƒ kω-xn- Zm-b-Isc KWy-ambn kzm[o-\n- p- p- v.$

18 (18) A`n-{]mbw {]I-Sn- n- m-dp- v. Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp- m P\-ßsf klm-bn- pi F Xp Xß-fpsS Npa-X-ebn s]sp p F mwv Ah Icp-Xp- -Xv. AXpsIm- p-xs ]{X-ß-fpsS A\p-Iqehne-bn-cp-Ø-ep- Iƒ ]e-t mgpw Ahbnse ]m n -c-ky-ß-fn ÿew ]nsn- p-ibpw snøp- p. F nepw ]{X-ßƒ A\p-Iqe hne-bn-cp-ø-ep-iƒ \S-Øm ]m n-ifn \n p ]Ww hmßp p Fs m-cm-t ]w Db p-ti- n- n-. ]{X-ß-fpsS \ne-]m-sp-iƒ kω-xn- Zm-b-Isc KWy-ambn kzm[o-\n- p- p- v. thm p-snøm t]mip- -h-cn 80 ix-am\w t]cpw ]{X-hm-b- \- m-cm-wv- - H- p-in {]n v As - n Hm sse. A -Sn- -{Xßƒ Hm sse, samss_ B v, tkmjy ao-unb F nh hgnbpw P\-ß-fn-se-Øp- - Xp-sIm v ]pxnb Xe-ap-dsbbpw kzm[o-\n- m Ah p Ign-bp- p. sidn Hm p Uv "]ckyw ]{X-ßƒ p \ Im-Xn-cn- p- Xv ÿm\m n-iƒ v Bfl-l-Xym-]cambn-cn pw' jp kv Iayq- Wn-t -j kv sshkv {]kn-u v sidn Hm p Uv A`n-{]m-b-s - p. ]{X-ß-fpsS kzm[o\w XpS-cp- -Xn-s\- p-dn v Hcp-]m-sSms ]d-bp- p-s - nepw G hpw IqSp-X {]Nm-cW-]ckyw {]Xy- -s -Sp- Xp Zriy-am-[y-a-ßfn Ø-s -bm-wv- 2017se Xnc-s -Sp- n CXv 32 ix-am\w hcpw F mwp {]h-nn- -s -Sp- -Xv. A - Sn- -{X-ßƒ p In pi Hº-Xp-i-X-am\w am{x-am-bn-cn- pw. F p-sim v F p hni-zo-i-cn- m {]bm-ks -Sp- p v \nco- -I. ]{X-ß-fnse ]c-ky-\n-c- ns k o W-kz-`mhw ]ckyw \ Ip- -hs\ Aº-c n pw. ]e-xcw k p-te-j IW- p-iƒ, Hmtcm t]pn-s bpw BI j-ww kw_- n v Ahniz-k-\o-b-amb Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßƒ, ]c-ky-øns `mjbpw hen- hpw kw_- n A\n- n-x-øz-ßƒ Xp-S-ßnb XS- -ßƒ. Nm\-ep-I-fn Cu {]iv\-sam- p-an-. t{]m{kmw ka-bhpw ssz Lyhpw Xocp-am-\n- m axn. B p I mepw a\- n-em-ipw Hcp \nco- -I A`n-{]m-b-s - p. CsX mw sim mbmepw As - nepw ASpØ {]kn-u jy Xncs -Sp- n sne-hm- -s -Sm t]mip ]Xns\m p _ney tumf-dn Hcp _neyt\ ]{Xßƒ p e`n- m-\n-s-bp q F pw Icp-X-s -Sp- p. thms -Sp pimesø Cu ]c-ky- -W-sam-gp v Gsd [m ani{]iv\-ßfpw Db Øp- p v F p am[y-a-cw-k-øp- -h, H p ]Xnsb BsW- nepw ]d-bp- p- v. ]c-kyw- - F-Un-t m-dn-b AIew Atacn- -bnepw Ipd- p-h-cp- p- v, Xo Øpw A{]-Xy- -am-bn- n-s - n-epw AXp-sIm- p-xs ]c-ky- -Wk- n-bpss hen w ]e ]{X-ß-fp-sSbpw FUn-t m-dnb \b-ßsf kzm[o-\n- p- p. \ΩpsS s]bvuv \yqkns sndn-sbmcp hi-t`zw am{x-amb "t\ ohv AUz sss-knmv' hym]-i-am-ip-i-bm-wv. (am-[y-a- Øns D S- -Øns kz`m-h-hp-ambn ]q W-ambn s]mcp-ø-s -Sp ]ckyw F mwv t\ ohv AUz sss-knmv sim v A -am p- -sx- nepw ]ckyw hm Øm-cq-]-Øn simsp- pi F -XmWp ^ew). CXn am[y-a-[m an-i-x-bpss ewl\w D m- Im-Xn-cn- m Kh sa v {ian- p- p-s - nepw ]q W-hy- X D m-im-ø-xp-sim v ewl\w ]cs \S- p- p. [

$(19) 2016 houn-tbm- -B v kph W-Imew ]T-\-ßƒ \ Ip hy -amb kqn-\, 2016 am[y-a-ÿm-]-\-ßƒ G hpw IqSp-X aqe-[\w \nt -]n- p- Xv Hm sse houn-tbm-iƒ pw B p-iƒ pw th n-bmipw F m-wv.$

19 (19) 2016 houn-tbm- -B v kph W-Imew ]T-\-ßƒ \ Ip hy -amb kqn-\, 2016 am[y-a-ÿm-]-\-ßƒ G hpw IqSp-X aqe-[\w \nt -]n- p- Xv Hm sse houn-tbm-iƒ pw B p-iƒ pw th n-bmipw F m-wv. Hm sse hountbm cwkw ssib-s- pw. samss_ B p-iƒ k h-km-[m-c-w-am-ipw. {]i-kvx-amb tdmbvt gvkv C Ãn- yq- ns hm jn-i-dn-t m mwv Ah-cpsS ]T-\-ßƒ B[m-cam n Cu {]h-n\w \S-Øp- -Xv. temi-hym-]-i-ambn 130 FUn- am, kn.-c.-h.-am XpS-ßnb UnPn- {]ap- J- m n-s-bn \S-Ønb ]T-\-amWv Cu \nk-a-\-øn\v B[mcw. s]cp-ipw. tpmen \jvs-s -Sp- -Xns t]cn tp Wen-Ãp-Iƒ ka-c-øn-\n-d-ßpw. Hm sse-\n kμ iiiw- p-i-tf- mtfsd {]mapjyw D -S w/]ckyw F n-h-bpss {]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ p e`n- pw. Hm sse houn-tbm-iƒs m w samss_ B p-i-fpw ]c-a-{]m-[m\yw t\spw F v tdmbvt gvkv k tδ B[m-c-am n FgpXnb tej-\-øn AhcpsS dnk v Akn-Ã v \niv \yqam {]h-nn- p- p v. ( predictions-2016/) k tδ \nk-a-\-ß-fpss hni-zmw-i-ßƒ: \yqkv dq-ap-i-fn h [n txmxn tu D]- tbm-kn- Ww F v 76 ixam\w am[y-a-{]-ap-jcpw Icp-Xp- p. ap h j-tø- mƒ IqSp-X ]Ww Xßƒ Cu h jw Hm sse houn-tbm- Iƒ hmßm\pw \n an- m\pw D]-tbm-Kn- pw. 22- i-x-am-\w-t] Hm sse hgn-bp hcp-am-\-sø- p-dn v Bi ]pe Øp- p. 20 ix-am-\-øn-\m-is \ {]Xo- -bm-wp- -Xv. C\n Nne {]h-n-\-ßƒ: ]ckyw XS-bp kwhn-[m-\-ß-tfm-sp t]mcm w C\n samss_ t^mwp-i-fnepw th nhcpw. ssk p-i-fpss {]Nmcw kw_- n hymp-ÿn- Xn-hn-h-c- -W- p-iƒ Hm sse am[y-a-ß-fpss hnizm-kyx IqSp-X kwi-bm-kv]-z-am- pw. ]e-xcw s]bvuv D -S- -ß-fn ÿm]-\- ßƒ {i snep-tø- n- h-cpw. 360 Un{Kn houn-tbm, Hmt m- tπ houn-tbm, sh n- hountbm (tate-\n p Xmtg-s m-gp-ip- -XmWp sh n- houn-tbm. t^mwp-i-fpss BIr-Xn-s møv AXmWv kuicyw F p Icp-Xs -Sp- p) F nh hym]-i-am-ipw. hy n-iƒ kzbw- sh-fn-s -Sp-Øn-bm am{xw k hokv In p coxn hf-cpw. "b{ -tp- W-en-Ãp-Iƒ' (tdm-t_m- p-iƒ) AtXm-sSm w hcp-am-\-am K-ß-fn Db-cp XS- -ßƒ- -{]-txy-in v BUvtªm- p-iƒ- - \-ho-\- am K-ßƒ Is -Øm Imc-W-am-Ipw. Hm sse ]{X-{]-h Ø\w kvam v t^m ]{X-{]-h Ø-\- amipw F pw At±lw Icp-Xp- p. ]{X-ß-fn hnizm-kyx IqSp p! a p am[y-a-hm Ø-Iƒ Ahn-iz-kn- p- -Xpt]mse Cu hm Øbpw Ahn-iz-kn-t - -cp-xv kw`hw Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-am-sW- nepw. {_n -\n \S Hcp k tδ ImWn- p- -Xv, ap Xp h j-øn- \n-s-bn ]{X-ß-fn-ep P\-hn-izmkw G hpw Db-c- Øn \n p-i-bmsw mwv. C]vtkmkv tamdn F ÿm]-\-øn-t -XmWp ]T-\w. ]t, B Dbcw F{X XmsgbmsW- p-iqsn tiƒ -Ww. \men Hcm-fmWp ]{X-ß-ƒ Fgp-Xp- Xp kxy-amwv F p hniz-kn- p- Xv! 990 t] n-s-bn

$(20) \S- -XmWp k tδ. 70 ix-am-\-am-fp-iƒ ]{Xhm Ø-Iƒ Ahn-iz-kn- p- p-sh- mwp ]d- -Xv. A v ix-am-\-øn\v Dd- n-. _m n-bp 25 ixam-\-øn-emwp ]{X-tem-I-Øns {]Xo-.$

20 (20) \S- -XmWp k tδ. 70 ix-am-\-am-fp-iƒ ]{Xhm Ø-Iƒ Ahn-iz-kn- p- p-sh- mwp ]d- -Xv. A v ix-am-\-øn\v Dd- n-. _m n-bp 25 ixam-\-øn-emwp ]{X-tem-I-Øns {]Xo-. tii-ku-μ-cy-cw-køp {]h Øn- p- -h-cnep hnizmkw 69 ix-am-\-am-wv. tdmun ImWp hgn-bm-{x- m-c-t\msv Fs - nepw tnmzn- p- Xv F{X-tØmfw _p n-]q h-iamwv? t]snt ix-am-\sø hniz-kn- mw. Hmtcmtcm hn`m-k-øn-t bpw hnizm-ky-x-bpss \ne-hmcw Aßs\ Ipd- p-h-cp- p. t{suv bqwn-b {]h Ø-I-cn-ep- Xv 46 ix-am-\w -am-{xw. {]mtz-in- I-`-c-W-k-`mw-K-ß-fn 43 ix-am-\hpw _m amcn 37 ix-am-\-hp-amwv AXv. ]{X-{]-h Ø-I v Bizm-k-am-Iptam A]-am-\-amIptam F -dn-bn-, ]{X- m-cpss AtX \ne-hm-c-amwv FtÃ v GP pam-cp-ts-xv 25 ix-am-\w. ]{X- m p Xmsg-bmWv F mbvt mgp-sa- -t]mse Ct mgpw Kh sa v a{ namcpw (22 -i-x-am-\w) s]mxpth cmjv{so-b- mcpw (21 ix-am-\w). Cu k tδ Xo Øpw A_- -am-sw p ]{X- m hnnm-cn- m Ip -s -Sp-Øm-\m-hn-. Imc-Ww, Ah ]d-bp- Xv ssen-hn-j-\n hm Ø Ah-X-cn- n- p- -h-cn 65 ix-am-\-am-fp-iƒ pw \ hnizmk-amwv F mwv! F nepw ]{X- m-cn-ep hnizm-k-tømxv ix-am-\hpw ix-am-\-hp-am-bn-cp- p Bbn-cp p BZy k tδ. A v shdpw 19 ix-am-\-am-bn-cp p ]{X- Øn-ep hnizm-kw. k tδ- m-cn-ep hnizm-k-sø- p-dn v Hcp k tδ-bmwv ASn-b- cw F p txm p- pt m? (k th ^ew hni-z-ambn researcharchive/3685) ]ckyw XS-ben s^bvkv_p- n\pw Bi Hm sse am[y-a-ßsf am{x-a-, ]ckyw XSb tkm^v vshb-dp-iƒ Bi- -bn-em-gvøn-bn-cn- p- Xv. G hpw henb kmaq-ly-am-[y-a-amb s^bvkv_p pw BUvtªm- p-iƒ Xß-fpsS hcp-am- \sø Kuc-h-ambn _m[n-t - p-sa p `b-s -Sp- p. s^bvkv_p v Iº\n bpss\- Uv tã vkv skiyq-cn- okv B Uv FIvkvtN v IΩo-j\v ka n hm jn-i-dn-t m n C mcyw {]m[m\yw \ InbmWv ]cm-a in- n-cn- p- Xv. F m tim -td v Iº- \n-ifpw \n _- -ambn ka n-t H mwp dnt m v. Ign h jsø dnt m nepw ]c-kyw- X-S-b kwhn-[m\w P\-ßƒ n-s-bn ]S p-]n-sn- p- -Xn-s\- p-dn p ]d- n-cp- p-sh- nepw CØ-hW A mcyw hni-zo-i-cn- m dnt m n {]txyi sk Xs tn Øn-cn- p-i-bm-wv. s^bvkv_p- n\v 2015 Unkw-_- dn icm-icn Znh-khpw 1.04 _ney kpohkμ i- I (subven BIv ohv bqtk-gvkv) D m-bn-cp- psh pw ap h jw CtX-am-k-tØ- mƒ CXv 17 ixam\w IqSp-X-em-sW pw dnt m n ]d-bp- p. 943 Zie w Bfp-I-fmWv Znh-khpw kvam Sv t^m-wp-i-fn

$(21) s^bvkv_p v kμ in- p- -Xv. Cßs\ kμ in- p- -h-cpss kwjy-bn Hcp h jw-sim v 25 ix-am\w h [-\-bp- v. ]cky-ß-fmwp Xß-fpsS G hpw henb hcp-am-\-sa pw dnt m nep- v.$ $BUvtªm- p-isf Imc-W-ambn FSp-Øp-]-d-bp- n-s - nepw `mhn-bn D]-tbm- m- -fn-ep h [-\-bp-ssbpw hcp-am-\-h [- \-bp-ssbpw txmxp -Ip-d-bp-I-Xs snøpw F mwp dnt m n ]d-bp- -Xv.$ $htm) Im \q- m- n sim s Xv 2300 ]{X-{]-h Ø-I P\-ßsf hnh-c-ß-f-dn-bn- m {ian p F Ip -Øn\p Ign Im \q- m- pim-eøv temiøp 2300 am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I sim -s - - Xmbn C \m-j-w s^u-td-j Hm^v tp W-enÃvkv (sf.-f-^v.$

21 (21) s^bvkv_p v kμ in- p- -Xv. Cßs\ kμ in- p- -h-cpss kwjy-bn Hcp h jw-sim v 25 ix-am\w h [-\-bp- v. ]cky-ß-fmwp Xß-fpsS G hpw henb hcp-am-\-sa pw dnt m nep- v ix-am\w hcp-am-\hpw ]c-ky-zm-xm- -fn \n- p- -Xm-Wv. Cu taj-esb Xf Øp- -XmWp ]c-kyw-x-s-b kmt -Xn-I-hn-Zy. CXns\ Fs - nepw kmt -Xn-I-hnZy D]-tbm- Kn p t\cn-sm-\m-hn-. BUvtªm- p-isf Imc-W-ambn FSp-Øp-]-d-bp- n-s - nepw `mhn-bn D]-tbm- m- -fn-ep h [-\-bp-ssbpw hcp-am-\-h [- \-bp-ssbpw txmxp -Ip-d-bp-I-Xs snøpw F mwp dnt m n ]d-bp- -Xv. ]e cmpy-ß-fn Kh sa p-iƒ s^bvkv_p v XSbp- Xpw tim n-ssd v {]iv\-ß-fp- m-ip- Xpw kwhn-[m-\- Øns \S-Øn- p-sn-ehp h [n- p- -Xp-sa- m-amwv hf -bpss txmxp Ipd-bm-\n-Sbm- p Imc-W-ß-fmbn Nq n- m- n-bn-cn- p- Xv. (dn-t m ns ]q W-cq-]w /fb x10k.htm) Im \q- m- n sim s Xv 2300 ]{X-{]-h Ø-I P\-ßsf hnh-c-ß-f-dn-bn- m {ian p F Ip -Øn\p Ign Im \q- m- pim-eøv temiøp 2300 am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I sim -s - - Xmbn C \m-j-w s^u-td-j Hm^v tp W-enÃvkv (sf.-f-^v.-sp) dnt m v shfns -Sp-Øp- p. sf.-f-^v.sp Cu dnt m v tij-cww Bcw-`n ]{X-{]-h Ø-Itc acn- n-cp- p- q. ASp-Ø-h jw kwjy Db p. 2010\v tijw Hcn- epw AXp \qdn Xmsg h n-. Ign ]Øp-h jw ÿnxn tami-am-bn-cp- p Bbn-cp p G hpw tamiw h jw 155 t] acn- p. sxmgn cw-køp ]{X-{]-h Ø-I-cpsS Poh kwc- n- m \S-]Sn FSp- -p-sa v sfiy-cmjv{s k` Dƒs ss Dd- p-\ In-bn- ps - nepw ÿnxn IqSp-X tami-am-bnt bp q F v sf.-f-^v.sp P\-d sk{i- dn B Wn s_ m- A`n-{]m-b-s - p. ]Øp -a-c-w-ap- mbm AXn Ht At\z-jn- p- p-t]m-epap q. in n- -s -Sp- Xv AXn-tesd A]q Δw. B Wn s_ m- IpØn-sh p kzoi-cn e - - W- n\p Ip n-i-fpss c n-xm- ƒ Bip-]-{Xn-I-fn-te v Ccºn-s - -t mgmwv A[n-Ir-X hnh-c-a-dn-bp- -Xv. hymp-hm Ø-bm-Wv, Hcp Ip n pw H pw kw`-hn- n- n F p k m {]kvxm-h\ Cd- n, \m n-ep-s-\ofw kmaq-ly-am-[y-a-øns Zpcp-]-tbmKw s]mxpth-xs {] p-_v[-amb PΩp- -Imivao-cnse ÿnxn tami-am- p- -Xn kmaqlyam[y-a-ßfpw ] p-h-ln- p- p. P\p-hcn Ah-km\w P\-ßsf sr n {]Nm-cWw kmaqly-am-[y-a-ß-fn Ae-b-Sn p. t]mfntbm hmivkn kzoi-cn Ip n-iƒ acn- p-ho-gp p F -Xm-bn-cp p hm Ø.

$(22) Z C Un-s] U v Hm sse am{x-amipw ]m m-xy-tem-iøv A -Sn-am-[y-a-ßƒ AkvXan- p p F [mcw i n-s -Sp-Øn-s m v {_n - \nse Hcp {]apj Zn\-]{Xw A Sn Ah-km-\n- n- p p.$ $CF-kvsF aounb F Iº-\n-bmWv c p ]{X-ß-fp-sSbpw \S-Øn- p-im. ]{X-hy-h-kmbw henb {]Xn-k- nsb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn- p-i-bm-wv. hmb-\- m-cmwp `mhn Xocp-am-\n- p- -Xv.$

22 (22) Z C Un-s] U v Hm sse am{x-amipw ]m m-xy-tem-iøv A -Sn-am-[y-a-ßƒ AkvXan- p p F [mcw i n-s -Sp-Øn-s m v {_n - \nse Hcp {]apj Zn\-]{Xw A Sn Ah-km-\n- n- p p. Z C Un-s] U v ]{Xhpw AXns hmcm y FUn-j-\mb Z C Un-s] U v Hm k su-bp-amwv am v Ah-km-\-tØmsS A Sn FUn-j \n Øm Xocp-am-\n- n-cn- p- -Xv. Ahti-jn- pi Ah-bpsS Hm sse FUn-j am{xw. CF-kvsF aounb F Iº-\n-bmWv c p ]{X-ß-fp-sSbpw \S-Øn- p-im. ]{X-hy-h-kmbw henb {]Xn-k- nsb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn- p-i-bm-wv. hmb-\- m-cmwp `mhn Xocp-am-\n- p- -Xv. `mhn UnPn- BsW p hy -am-bn-cn- p- p aounb {Kq v DSa CuhvsP\n se_n-suhv ]d- p-sh v _nkn-\kv sse dnt m v snbvxp. C Un-s] U n\v Ct mƒøs Hm sse FUn-j-\p- v. ]t, hmb-\- m v CsXm-cn- epw Hcm-izm-k-am-In-s p X\n- -dn-bmsa pw A -Sn- {Xw ssibn-se-sp- p- -Xns kpjw Fs -t - p-ambn C m-xm-ip- -Xn X\n p tjzap-s pw FUn- _n_n-kn-tbmsp ]d- p. Hm sse-\ns hmb-\- m-cpss FÆ-Øn ix-am\w h [-\-bp- m-ip-sa mwp IW- m- s -Sp- -Xv Bcw-`n ]{X-Øns Ct mgsø FUn- Atam cmp-\m-wv. s]mxp-{]-iv\- ß-fn i -amb \ne]mss-sp- p ]{X-amb Z C Un-s] U ns Ah-km\ FUn-j am v 26\pw hmcm- y-]{xw am v 20-\p-amWp ]pd-øn-dßp-i. ssa v {]Nm-cWw \S-Øn-sb- nepw {] p-_v[mhÿ amdm Znh-k-ß-sf-Sp-Øp. simsp-wx-wp- nemwv A -\-Ω-am cm -I tumivs am-cpss hosp- I-fn-te pw Bip-]-{Xn-I-fn-te pw IpXn- -Xv. ]{X-{]-h Ø-I F p \Sn- p- -h \SØp \qdp-i-w- n\p ssk p-ifpw hmsvkvb v- -s^-bvkv_p v t]pp-ifpw Iivaocn `mj-bn-ep- v. Znh-khpw Ah Hcp ]cn-tim-[-\bpw \S-ØmsX I Xpw ti -Xp-sa mw ASn- p-hn-sp- p. h Kobkz`m-h-ap houn-tbm-iƒ {]N-cn- n- p- - Xp-sIm- p {]iv\w thtd. F m-hcpw dnt m am-cm-bn-cn- p- p, B pw H pw \nb-{ n- m ] mø Ah-ÿ-bm-Wv A[n-Ir-X \n -lmbx {]I-Sn- n- p- p. {]Nm-chpw AwKo-Im-chpw D ]{X- -Zr-iy-am- [y-a-ß-fpss t]cn-emwp ]e hymp-t]-pp-i-fpw. apjy-a{ n ap^vxn apl-ωzv skbvzv acn- p- -Xn\p Znh-k-ßƒ p -apºv Hcp ssk v ac-w-hm Ø dnt m v snbvxp. t{k Iivao F hnizm-ky-x- bp Hcp ]{X-Øns t]cn-ep F^v.-_n. t]pnemwv B hm Ø {]Xy- -s - sx p t]meokv At\z-jWØneqsS Is -Øn. H -c-e w A\pbm-bn-Iƒ D B t]pv tªm p- sn-øm ]{X-ÿm- ]-\-Øn\p s^bvkv_p- ns\ kao-]n-t - n- h p. ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-Øns lcn{io Adn-bmØ Iptd hmsvkvb v tp W-en-Ãp-Iƒ \S-Øp dnt m nmv \miw hnx-bv p-i-bm-wv. Ch tp Wen-Ãp-I-f-, {Inan-\-ep-I-fm-Wv {io\-k-dnse G hpw hnizm-ky-x-bp ]{X-{]-h Ø-I-\mb bqk^v Pao (Znlq- v tum v HmB Pn-tbmSv) ]d- p. [ ap-xn am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I\pw timf-anãpw ticf aounb A m-z-an-bpss ap snb am-\p-amwv tej-i. C -sabn : nprindran@gmail.com...

towards the end of the 19 th century when newspaper business there had grown big, circulation had increased and mediated public communication had begun exerting great political influence.

23 Students Corner (23) A Few More Theories of J. V. Vil anilam MASS COMMUNICATION What is Objectivity? Is It Achievable? Early journalists both in the West and in the East used the columns of newspapers for advocating a particular cause dear to them and their society. This practice changed in the U. S. and U.K. towards the end of the 19 th century when newspaper business there had grown big, circulation had increased and mediated public communication had begun exerting great political influence. More than pleading for a cause, the newspapers began to earn their revenue through advertising of government and private production and service establishments and their products and services. Most advertised products were of daily use to people with purchasing capacity. The same thing happened in the case of the electronic media in the third quarter of the 20 th century. The businessmen who controlled the media did not find it wise to advocate any particular cause and alienate those who either opposed it or wanted to discourage it; their major aim was to reach the maximum number of potential customers for the new goods and services available in the market. The media thus became the spokespersons of the

24 (24) business world. And neutrality was found as the ideal business policy of the media. Political ideology became less important when people got political freedom through the hard struggles of the previous generations. This led to a neglect of the large majority in countries like India, where the media joined the middle and upper class customers and advocated measures that defended the status quo. The critics of the media were sidelined because the media s income came from policies that protected and promoted the interests of the well-to-do in society. It was patently disadvantageous for the media to sponsor inconvenient policies that promoted the interests of the poor majority. Objectivity, neutrality and advocating the status quo began to be eulogized as ideal media attributes, essential for protecting the economic interests of the media. Media themselves grew into big businesses with three or varieties of ownership: chain; cross media; conglomerate; and vertical integration. Another development in the 19 th century was the advent of news agencies such as Reuter, Associated Press (AP), United Press International (UPI), Agence France Press (AFP), Deutsche Press Agentur (DPA), etc. in the West and Associated Press of India (API), Press Trust of India (PTI), United News of India (UNI), Hindustan Samaachaar, New China News Agency (NCNA or Xinuah) in the East. All news agencies are primarily engaged in selling news as a commodity but protecting national interests. As Gaye Tuchman has said, journalists routinely proclaim their objectivity in order to process facts about social reality. There are no two sides to poverty or sexual misdeeds by the powerful. Poverty is wrong and it ought to become history; sexual misdeeds are wrong. There is no other side to it but very often reports draw attention to the laziness as the cause of poverty; similarly, provocation by female victims of sexual abuse is indicated as the reason for sexual misdeeds by men.. Reports about such events are couched in objectivity which is ridiculous. In such circumstances objectivity and balancing are cloaks for unjust and biased reporting! Thus two major developments carried the media into the realm of business: changes in media ownership, and the advent of faster modes of communication through news agencies and their cable connections, first under the sea and then through electromagnetic or radio waves. Media - print and electronic began to be controlled by conglomerates that owned steel, jute, rubber, sugar, plantation crops, metallic ores, cotton and other commercial products. The number of independent newspapers dwindled; even they depended heavily on advertising. The media companies were owners of several chains of newspapers, radio and television stations, film companies, etc. This cross media ownership became a major

(25) feature in the West by the end of the 20 th century, although chain ownership of newspapers and magazines and interlocking directorship became the major feature in India and other eastern

Objectivity is not considered a desirable goal of journalists now because searching for the other side is artificial in certain situations and most newspapers owned by conglomerates have a definite

25 (25) feature in the West by the end of the 20 th century, although chain ownership of newspapers and magazines and interlocking directorship became the major feature in India and other eastern countries following democratic forms of government. Objectivity is not considered a desirable goal of journalists now because searching for the other side is artificial in certain situations and most newspapers owned by conglomerates have a definite goal of siding with the economic interests of the business house that owns and conducts media affairs. Behind every newspaper, radio and television channel, there is a group of promoters, editors and reporters and what we get through the medium is likely to be coloured by the personal views of the promoters and workers, whatever they claim about their objectivity. But if their views are not influenced by the priorities of the society in which they and their organizations function, and instead their personal monetary goals are given top priority, their media efforts are likely to affect society adversely. Media persons may succeed in promoting personal benefits but their media organizations lose their relevance to society. Sometimes media take certain positions based on their owners economic and political interests and express comments and views in such a manner that paint the government badly. Their commentators take up certain positions which apparently look like objective and neutral, but really unfavourable to certain leaders in government. This deliberate twisting achieved through choice of topics, examples, words, etc., is no credit to the media; such twisting of facts and omission of truth or economical use of truth may mislead the citizenry. Citizens can notice this over a period of time and through listening repeatedly to the lies and prejudiced presentations. The media take up certain positions and try to justify them through repetition. This is dangerous to democracy. Ultimately, what the media present will affect the information and judgment of the listeners, viewers and readers; this has happened in India and in Kerala and other states of India. What is the remedy? Media users have to turn to more media than one and try to arrive at their own conclusions. Intelligent media users, beware. See you later, communicator!!... Professor Dr.J. V. Vil anilam was Vice-Chancellor ( ) and Head of the Department of Communication & Journalism ( ) at the University of Kerala. As Professor Emeritus of the UGC he has taught at Berhampur, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Calicut, Dharwar, and Mangalore universities from 1996 onwards. Visit his website:

$(26) {^w h Ωm-Pn, hnøv eu s\k- ohv ]ªn-kn- nbpw aoun-bbpw si.-f.$

26 (26) {^w h Ωm-Pn, hnøv eu s\k- ohv ]ªn-kn- nbpw aoun-bbpw si.-f. taml-\-h Ω s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ s]msn pw sxmßepw h v BI j-i-ambn apdbv v aoun-b-bn-eqss Ah-X-cn- n -s -Sp-tºmƒ Ah Ime-{I-taW Hcp t]mkn ohv kz`mhw t\sn-sb-sp- pw. \mw kzbw cl-ky-am-bn- p- t]mepw kω-xn- m asn- p Ht sd A{]n-b-k-Xyßƒ \ΩpsS kz`m-h-øn-ep- v. kzm X, Akqb Ch-bmWv {][m\w. s]mxpth \n t±m-j-amb A[n-Im-c-tam-lw, {]i-kvxntam-lw, [\-tamlw XpS-ßn-bh henb Ipg- an-. Ahbpw a\p-jy-cpss ASn-ÿm\ kz`mh-øn s]-sp- -Xm-Wv. AXp-t]mse H mwv \ap p s\k- ohv hm Ø-I-tfm-Sp CjvSw. s\k- ohv hm Ø-I-fn \ap- njvsw Hcp hy nsb txtpm-h[w snøp IY-Ifm-Wv. AXn skivtkm, Xo{h-hm-Z-tam, Akm-[m-c-W-amb Pohn-Xco-Xn-Itfm BImw. s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ s]msn pw sxmßepw h v BI j-i-ambn apdbv v aoun-b-bn-eqss Ah-X-cn- n -s -Sp-tºmƒ Ah Ime-{I-taW Hcp t]mkn ohv kz`mhw t\sn-sb-sp- pw. Ah Ak-Xy-am-sW- n qsn kxy-ambn ]cn- K-Wn- -s Spw. ansp- - mcmb hy n-iƒ Xß-sf- p-dn v s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ krjvsn- p- -Xn\v aoun-bsb cl-ky-ambn D]-tbm-Kn- pw. A\p-hm-N-Isc txsnbp a -c-øn aoun-bbv p a\x-]q htam A m-sxtbm ]et mgpw hm Ø-IfpsS t{kmxt m A n-a-e- ytam ImWm kmh-imiw In m-dn-. {]txy-in p hm Øm-ti-J-c-Whpw Ah-X-c- Whpw XΩn-ep ka-b-ssz Lyw {]mtbw - ]q-py-am-bn-cn- p Cu Ime-Øv.

$(27) hmkvx-h-øn C v \ΩpsS aoun-bsb \bn- p- Xv Cu s\k- ohv sskt -bt? Nne DZm-l-c- W-ßƒ: ssien \qx-\-am-wv. aoun-bsb I i-\-ambn A[n-t -]n- p-i, Ah s\k- o-hm-ipw. Ah s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ ]c-øpw.$ $saivkn- AXn Øn- \tc-{μ-tam-zn- Cu \q m- ns ]ndhn apx Ign ]Xn- \ p sim -Øn-te-sd-bmbn C y-bn G -hp-a-[niw s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ h p-sim- n-cp- Xv \tc-{μ-tam- Zn-Pn-sb- Ip-dn- m-bn-cp- p.$ $Ø-I-fmWv At±-l-sØ- p-dn v Cu Ime-sa mw Hcp Zn\w-t]mepw Hgn-hn- msx F m ]{X-ßfpw ssen-hn-j Nm\-ep-Ifpw cmjv{so-b-]m n- Ifpw _p n-po-hn-ifpw {]N-cn- n- p-sim- n-cp- -Xv.$

27 (27) hmkvx-h-øn C v \ΩpsS aoun-bsb \bn- p- Xv Cu s\k- ohv sskt -bt? Nne DZm-l-c- W-ßƒ: ssien \qx-\-am-wv. aoun-bsb I i-\-ambn A[n-t -]n- p-i, Ah s\k- o-hm-ipw. Ah s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ ]c-øpw. sum\mƒuv {Sºv Xm {]kn-u v ÿm\- tø p a -cn- p-sa p {]Jym-]n- Xv 2015 PqWn-em- Wv. A v At±lw BZyw snbvxxv Gsd hnhmzw krjvsn- pibpw FXn p- m- p Nne {]Jym-]-\- ßƒ \S-ØpIbpam-bn-cp- p. saivkn- AXn Øn- \tc-{μ-tam-zn- Cu \q m- ns ]ndhn apx Ign ]Xn- \ p sim -Øn-te-sd-bmbn C y-bn G -hp-a-[niw s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ h p-sim- n-cp- Xv \tc-{μ-tam- Zn-Pn-sb- Ip-dn- m-bn-cp- p. lnμpxo{h-hm-zn, ap nw hntcm[n XpSßn km[m-cw B pw henb {]iv\- an- msx e`n- p Ata-cn- hnkmbpw Ata-cn- bqwn-th-gvkn- n-bnse KÃv eivn ]cn-]m-snbpw t]mepw \ntj-[n- -s _n em-z sss v `oi-c F a n-ep hm Ø-I-fmWv At±-l-sØ- p-dn v Cu Ime-sa mw Hcp Zn\w-t]mepw Hgn-hn- msx F m ]{X-ßfpw ssen-hn-j Nm\-ep-Ifpw cmjv{so-b-]m n- Ifpw _p n-po-hn-ifpw {]N-cn- n- p-sim- n-cp- -Xv. At±-l-Øns kz w ]m n-bnse t\xm- fpw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw t]mepw Cu s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ ]c-øp- -Xn Hcp tem`hpw Im n-bn-. ^ew \mw I p. Cu s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ At±-l-Øn\v KpW- I-c-am-bn. Ah At±-lsØ Ft mgpw P\-{i- -bn \n Øn. At±lw aq p-x-hw, ]Xn-aq- p- sim w XpS -bmbn KpP-dm-Øns \mb-i-\mbn \msp `cn- p. ]n osv t\tc C y-bpss \mb-ixzw Gs -Sp-Øp. C y ]m e-sa v aμn-c-øns Ihm-S-Øn-te v BZy-ambn Im h- Xv ]m e-sa v eou-dm-bn- m-bn-cp- p. C pw At±-lsØ Bth-i-tØmsS ]n p-s-cp- Xv t]mkn- o-hn-t\- mƒ s\k- ohv hm Ø-I-fm-Wv. _wkm-fns aaxm _m\ Pn-bp-sSbpw IY hyxy-kvx-a-. _wkm-fnse am[y-a-ßfpw tzio-b-am-[ya-ßfpw Nn -Icpw hnπ-h-im-cn-ifpw axxo-{h-hm-zn- Ifpw F p th, -a-a-x-sb- tami-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn- mø Hcp am[y-ahpw hy nbpw ASpØImeØv D m-bn-cp- n-. B s\k- ohv ]ªn-kn- n-bm-bn-cp p Ah v km[m-c-w- m-cpss thm p e`n- m {][m\ Imc-W-ambn amdn-b-xv. Ign ]Øp- sim- -ambn tic-f-ønse Imcyw t\m q. DΩ Nm nbpw ]nw-dmbn hnpb\pw e`n ]ªn-kn n H p ap mepw s\k- ohv Bbn-cp- nt? Ah-cpsS t\xr-xz-øns A{]XnaXz-Øn\p Imc-Whpw AXm-bn-cp- n-t. CXp ]d-bm ImcWw Ata-cn- {]kn-u v CeIvj\nse t\man-t\-j tamln-i-fpss aounbbp-am-bp {]h Ø-\-ssi-en-bn h n-cn- p {]I-S-amb am -ßƒ I Xm-Wv s^{_p-hcn H mw XobXn Atbmh ss{]a-dn-bn XpS-ßnb sxc-s -Sp p {]{In-bbv p hfsc apºp-xs aoun-b-bn {]kn-u v ÿm\-tø p t\mant\j km[y-x-i-fn \nd- p-\n- Xv c p t]cp- I-fm-bn-cp- p. sutam-{im- niv ]m n-bpss lnemcn n \pw dn -ªn- ]m n-bpss sum\mƒuv {Sºpw. lnem-cn v temi-hm Ø-I-fn skivkpw a pw ck-i-c-ambn Ie Øn kz w CSw t\snb ` Ømhv _n n s sib-tdm^v D mbn-cp- p. AXv Hcp knºxn ]ªn-kn- n-bpss s\k- ohv {]` ssib-s- n- -gn- n-cp- p. {Sºv ]t, Xt -Xmb Hcp ssien-bn-eqss s\k- ohv ]ªn-kn n t\sn. sum\mƒuv {Sºv lnemcn n

$(28) bn \pg pib- - msc XS-bm Hcp axn-ep- m- p-i, \nb-a- ]-c-am-b- msx Ata-cn- -bn Xma-kn- p hntz-in-isf \mspis-øp-i, Xm m-en-i-ambn ap n-ßƒ v Ata-cn- -bn {]th-i\w \ntj-[n- pi F n-h-bm-bn-cp p Cu$

28 (28) bn \pg pib- - msc XS-bm Hcp axn-ep- m- p-i, \nb-a- ]-c-am-b- msx Ata-cn- -bn Xma-kn- p hntz-in-isf \mspis-øp-i, Xm m-en-i-ambn ap n-ßƒ v Ata-cn- -bn {]th-i\w \ntj-[n- pi F n-h-bm-bn-cp p Cu {]Jym-]-\- ßƒ. ]{X-ß-fmb ]{X-ßfpw ssen-hn-j Nm\-ep-Ifpw F mw At±-lsØ \J-in-Jm w FXn Øp. Ata-cn- kwkvim-c- Øn\v {Sºv Hcp A]-am-\-sa p apd-hnfn Iq n. ]t, At±-l- Øns km n[yw {i n- -s - p. At±lw ]pxnb aoun-b-kwth-z-\-coxn XpS-ßn. BZysØ dn -ªn- ss{]a-dn-bnse ÿm\m n-isf h p Ata-cn- P\m-[n-]-Xy-ssi-en-bpsS Gsd- m-e-ambn \S- p-h-cp am[y-a-hn-nm-c-w. t^mivkv \yqknemwv N. sum\mƒuv {Sºv N _ln-jvi-cn- p. ImcWw ]d- Xv t^mivkv \yqkns B - -tam-u-td- sakn si n F {]ikvx]{x-{]-h ØI ] -]m-x-]-c-ambn {]h Øn- p, kxy-k- X C mø, aq mw-ins, a p ÿm]n-x-xm ]-cy-ap dnt m -dmwv F m-wv. Szn ktμ-i-ß-fn-eqss At±lw \nc- cw an -hmdpw F m \yqkv Nm\-ep-I-sfbpw ]{X-{]-h Ø-Iscbpw A[n-t -]n- p- Xv XpS- w-ap-xte ]Xn-hm- n. ] p ImeØv Cu hn[w Hcp coxn hnp-bn- p-am-bn-cp- n-. h Ø-am\ {Xhpw tdun-tbm-bpw ssen-hn-j\pw am{x-am-bncp p hm Øm-hn-X-c-W-Øn\v B[m-c-am-bn-cp- -Xv. At mƒ Hcp hy n krjvsn- p hm Ø-Isf Iq mbn Xa-kvI-cn- m ÿm]-\-ßƒ p km[y-am-bn-cp- p. C v tkmjy aoun-bbpss i -amb km n[yw hm Ø-Isf B pw XS-bm hømø \ne-bn-se-øn- p. sum\mƒuv {Sºv A n-a-ambn hnpbn- p-tam {]kn-u m-iptam C tbm F Xv a p ]e LS-I-ßsfbpw B{i-bn- m-bn-cn- pw. ]t, H p kw`-hn- p. {Sºn\v D X hnzym-`ym-k-an- mø thm -d- m-cpss CS-bnse ]n pw s]s - p- Iq-Sn. lnemcn n -\m-bn-cn pw FXn-cm-fn-sb- n F a n \S-Ønb kmºnƒ A`n-{]mbk thbn Ccp-hcpw ka-am-bn. Cu s\k- ohv ]ªn-kn- n-bpss hne a\- n-em- n-bn- m-bn-cn- Ww lnemcnbpw {Sºns ssien sas {]Nm-c-W- Øn sim p-h- p-i-gn- p. hyh-ÿm- ]n-x-am-[y-a-ßsf FXn Øv Ah-sbs m p s\k- ohv hm Ø-Iƒ krjvsn- n- pi F Xv Hcp \ Bbp-[-ambn hf Øn-Øp-S-ßn. ChnsS aoun-bbpss ISa C m-xm- -s -Sp-IbmWv F mwv am[ya cwksø AXyp- -X A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- - Xv. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn \memw Xq F p {]Io Øn- -s -Sp aoun-btbmsv Fß-s\-bm-Wv, F mwv hm Ø- I-fmbn \ ti- -sx v P\m-[n-]-Xy- Ønse a p aq p- Xq-Wp-I-fmb P\-{]-Xn- \n-[n-i-fpw DtZym-K-ÿ-cpw \oxn-]o-thpw Xo -s -SpØn \n _- n-xcm p coxn aoun-b-bpss AkvXn-XzsØ {]Xn- Iq-e-ambn _m[n- pw. am[yakzmx{ yw Fs m v C m-xm- p-i-bmwv {Sºpw At±-lsØ A\p-I-cn v a p- -hcpw snøm t]mip- -Xv. tkmjy aoun-bbpss hchv hyh-ÿm-]nxhm Øm-kw-hn-[m-\- Øns kzmx-{ yw \in- n- p-tam?... t\mh-enãpw "ho Ww' ap No^v FUn- -dp-amwv tej-i. C -sabn : klmv@rediffmail.com

(However a newer trend of previews is catching up but that is more informational in content and aligned to the advertisement of the film rather than a critical review), 2) semiacademic and 3) purely

29 THE TRANSFORMATION OF FILM JOURNALISM IN INDIA (PART- 3) (29) The making of a Shoma A. Chatterji FILM JOURNALIST Film related articles in India are primarily of three types 1) the film reviews that come out on Saturdays in the websites and newspapers. (However a newer trend of previews is catching up but that is more informational in content and aligned to the advertisement of the film rather than a critical review), 2) semiacademic and 3) purely academic. Point 1) above drives the Box-office to an extent. People do read these reviews and tend to shape a decision of whether to watch it or give it a pass. Mostly these reviews catering to the general mass keep things simple short, and narrating the story of the film with minor references of the acting, music and other integral parts of the film. Point 2) is where my interest lies. Semi-academic critiques need to be broad, often inter-textual, yet neutral in stance and factually accurate. There are citations which are required to drive a point home but in the end it remains more of the critic s stable

thought. The point 3) is probably the most neutral in essence at the cost of losing the author s views in the cauldron of cross references, many times.

30 (30) views. Fortunately such a film critic is not burdened with the responsibility of rating the film on a scale of five to ten. Rather, a critic can have a general disliking for a particular film yet write a critique on some aspect of it since that aspect was something that intrigued her and opened up further avenues of thought. The point 3) is probably the most neutral in essence at the cost of losing the author s views in the cauldron of cross references, many times. The essential qualities of a good film journalist are not very different from any journalist focussed on other subjects and issues accuracy, objectivity, authenticity and credibility. Besides that, one needs to keep away from involving in anything other than purely professional relationships with industry people. This could bring in bias both positive and negative; they might influence you with their charismatic personality; you will tend to lose your objectivity totally. Always draw an invisible line between a film personality and yourself. The development of source depends entirely on which film journalism one is focussing on. For example, if one is to interview Amitabh Bachchan, one needs to brush up on Amitabh Bachchan everything there is to know about AB. It cannot be an ordinary article so you would be given a wider horizon to scan depending on the personality you have been asked to write on. You may or may not ask him about his non-film background or his activities beyond films but you must keep abreast of all these areas too. If you are reviewing a film say by a noted director like Anurag Kashyap, you need to have preferably watched at least one of his earlier Anurag Kashyap films to be able to discover whether he has matured since his last film or whether he has regressed. This would not apply to small directors or firsttime filmmakers. If possible, you might catch a few bytes from the director through telephone or but only after you have seen his film, not before. If you are working on a Tribute piece, you first need to find out if there is a biography or an autobiography on or by the person you are paying a tribute to. Then scan the NET to find out about his career in films, make your analyses roughly and then try to find out a definite focus for the article. If you are covering a shooting, you first need to monitor the situation sets, placing, etc, that will give you a rough idea about the budget of the film, its production values, etc. Then try to nail down the main people director and actors acting on the sets on that given day. The most difficult and challenging task for any film journalist is to interview a cinematographer and an editor and sound designer because they talk very little, they talk technique and most of us know very little about the technique in these three areas. If we knew, we would be technicians, not film journalists! As for developing and sustaining a standard consistency in style of writing and language, I personally believe in writing at least 500 words every single day on any subject under the sun, ex tempo to keep the language flowing and continuous which will prevent brain blocks and idea blocks and your fingers move smoothly on the keyboard because now you know your subject through

invisible ranking from excellent to very good and so on, on the other.

31 (31) your homework and you are confident of your language and style too. Watching films good, very good, bad, indifferent, terrible is a wonderful exercise in developing patience on the one hand and discovering the qualitative range of films and creating your own invisible ranking from excellent to very good and so on, on the other. Reading books on cinema, mainly on Indian cinema because you will be contributing mainly to Indian media and would be covering Indian films. reading what others are writing about the same film/personality/director/subject etc.(d) rewriting and editing your own articles mercilessly so that you do not keep on and on propagating your own views and comments. Do not shy away from redrafting and re-editing and sometimes even rewriting the entire piece. Sounds painful but can anything be attained without pain? (e) Write at least 500 words a day on any aspect of cinema; (f) try your best to stick to the word-limit. Most young journalists find this easy because they find it difficult to churn out more than 1000 words. But if you tend to go on and on, remember that the reader will stop reading you now and in the future. There is extensive and intensive research being done across the world on Hindi mainstream cinema. Most of these papers can be downloaded directly from the NET without spending a naya paisa. Take advantage of these essays and if they are too technically academic, do not bother and concentrate on the more reader-friendly essays. At a later stage, one might begin to invest in books on cinema and start building a library of film books. Magazines and journals should be bought after seeing the contents and buy them only if they fit into your needs. If you aspire to be a film journalist, you must love (a) watching films almost as if it is an obsession more than a mere passion, (b) reading everything there is or was or will be to know about cinema filmmaking, film reviews, books, magazines, everything, (c) You can never get tired of watching films because the minute you tire of watching films, stop being a film journalist and switch to a different genre. (Concluded)... The writer is a freelance journalist, author and film scholar based in Kolkata. She has authored 17 books and contributed to many compilations on cinema, family and gender. shoma.chatterji@gmail.com

$(32) hmb-\ ssen-hn-j : kn m- hpw {]tbm-khpw jmpn tp _v am[y-a-ß-sf- p-dn p \S- p A m-z-ani]t-\-ßfpw ssk m- nin -Ifpw an -t mgpw am[y-a-{]-h Ø-\-]-cn-io-e\ (tp W-enkw) ] -Xn p ]pd-ømwp \ne-sim-f-fp-$ $k Δ-I-em-im-em-X-e-Øn {]h Øn- p am[y-a-]-t-\-h-ip- p-i-fm-i-s, am[y-a-{]-h Ø-\-Øns kmt -Xn-I {]mtbm-knicoxn-iƒ Hgn-hm n Ah-bpsS kmwkvim-cn-i- cm-{ obkn m tajeifn {i n- p p.$

32 (32) hmb-\ ssen-hn-j : kn m- hpw {]tbm-khpw jmpn tp _v am[y-a-ß-sf- p-dn p \S- p A m-z-ani]t-\-ßfpw ssk m- nin -Ifpw an -t mgpw am[y-a-{]-h Ø-\-]-cn-io-e\ (tp W-enkw) ] -Xn p ]pd-ømwp \ne-sim-f-fp- -Xv. tp W-enkw timgvkp-i-fpss `mk-ambn \S- p ]T-\-ßƒ am[y-a-ß-sf- p-dn- p-ff Ncn-{X-]-chpw cm{ o-b-hp-amb N -I-fn-te p IS- msx kmt -Xn-Ihpw {]mtbm-kn-i-hpamb Xe-ß-fn HXp-ßn-t m-ipibpw snøp- p. k Δ-I-em-im-em-X-e-Øn {]h Øn- p am[y-a-]-t-\-h-ip- p-i-fm-i-s, am[y-a-{]-h Ø-\-Øns kmt -Xn-I {]mtbm-knicoxn-iƒ Hgn-hm n Ah-bpsS kmwkvim-cn-i- cm-{ obkn m tajeifn {i n- p p. kn m- -hpw- {]tbmkhpw XΩn \ne-\n p Cu hnshv ^e-øn am[y-a-]-t-\-ß-sfbpw am[y-a- {]-h Ø-\-sØbpw Ccp-{[p-h-ß-fn-em- p- p. F p-h- m am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I am[y-a-kn- m- -ß-fn A -cm-bncn- p- -Xp-t]mse am[y-a-ssk- m- n-i AXns {]mtbm-kn-i- -km-t - XnIXe-ß-fnepw A -cm-ip- p. Cu sshcp[yw adn-i-s- m-\p-ff ka Yamb Hcp {ia-ambn ImWmw, Pdan Hm se-_m cnn Cu {KŸ-sØ.

$(33) Pdan Hm se-_m "am[y-a-{]-tbmkw' (Media Practice) F, Pbnwkv Ipdm FUn v snøp ]T-\-]-c-º-c-bn du vsepv {]kn- o-i-cn H c Uk-t\mfw ssi pkvxi-ß-fp-ssbpw s]mxp-kz-`mhw CXm-Wv am[y-a-kn- m- -ßsfbpw$ $ssen-hn-js ]cn-wm-aw, Xmt m k- -ev]-\-ßƒ, hkvxp-xm-ss-en-hn-j, hm Øbpw Imbn-I-Ie-bpw, hnt\m-z- ss-en-hn-j, ]cn-]m-sn-i-fpss \n anxn F n-ßs\ Bdp `mk-ß-fn-embn cnn- n-cn- p Hm se-_m-dns ssen-hn-j ssi$ $Ccp-]-sØm mw \q m- ns BZyZi-I-Øn DS-a-ÿ-X, Df-f- S w, kmt -Xn-I-X, P\-{]oXn XpS-ßnb Xe-ß-fn kw`-hn am - ßƒ ap \n Øn ]m mxyssen-hn-j-s\- p-dn p \S-Øp Hcp ]m m- Øehni-I-e-\-amWv H mw `mkw.$

33 (33) Pdan Hm se-_m "am[y-a-{]-tbmkw' (Media Practice) F, Pbnwkv Ipdm FUn v snøp ]T-\-]-c-º-c-bn du vsepv {]kn- o-i-cn H c Uk-t\mfw ssi pkvxi-ß-fp-ssbpw s]mxp-kz-`mhw CXm-Wv am[y-a-kn- m- -ßsfbpw {]tbm-k-søbpw Iq n-bn-w- p-i. ssen-hn-js ]cn-wm-aw, Xmt m k- -ev]-\-ßƒ, hkvxp-xm-ss-en-hn-j, hm Øbpw Imbn-I-Ie-bpw, hnt\m-z- ss-en-hn-j, ]cn-]m-sn-i-fpss \n anxn F n-ßs\ Bdp `mk-ß-fn-embn cnn- n-cn- p Hm se-_m-dns ssen-hn-j ssi pkvxihpw `n -a-. Ccp-]-sØm mw \q m- ns BZyZi-I-Øn DS-a-ÿ-X, Df-f- S w, kmt -Xn-I-X, P\-{]oXn XpS-ßnb Xe-ß-fn kw`-hn am - ßƒ ap \n Øn ]m mxyssen-hn-j-s\- p-dn p \S-Øp Hcp ]m m- Øehni-I-e-\-amWv H mw `mkw. C m-eøv {_n -\nse A p `qx-ekw-t{]-jwnm\-ep-i-fpss (_n.-_n.-kn. 1, 2, sf.sn.-hn. 1, Nm\ 4, Nm\ 5 F n-h-) t{] -I-cpsS FÆ-Øn Ipd-hp- m-b-xmbpw AtXk-a-bw-Xs CtX ÿm]-\-ß-fpss UnPn- Nm\-ep-Iƒ IqSp-X t{] -Isc t\snbxmbpw ]T-\-ßƒ sxfn-bn- p- p HmsS as mcp am hpw ssen-hn-j afi-e- Øn {]I-S-am-bn-Øp-S-ßn. Hm sse houn-tbm, C s\- v, samss_ t^m XpS-ßn-b-h-bpsS kwe-b\w (convergence) kr n am -am-w- Xv. \q m- ns c mw Zi-I- Ønse am w, t{_muvim-ãnmv ssen-hn-js P\-{]o-Xn-bn-ep- mb hf -bvs m w ]pxnb ]pxnb am[y-a-ß-fneqss ssen-hn-j ]cn-]m-sn-iƒ ImWm-\p-ff t{] -I-cpsS XmXv]-cyhpw shfn-s -Sp-Øp- p. Hm sse tkh-\-zm-xm- ƒ, kmaq-ly-am-[y-a-ßƒ, hountbm Hm Unam Uv XpS-ßnbh ssen-hn-js XpS km-[y-x-iƒ Gs -Sp- p p. New Media, Old News F {KŸ-Øn (2010) Pbnwkv Ipdm Cu hnjbw hni- Z-ambn N -sn-øp- p- v. C pw ssen-hn-j X-s bmwp temi-saßpw G hpw {]ap- J-amb hm Øm hnt\m-z-am-[y-aw. ]t, ssen-hn-j cq-]-ßƒ t{] -I p e`n- p am[y-aß-ƒ IqSp-X kmt -Xn-I-sshhn[yw ssih-cn- p-ign ncn p p. Sn.-hn. sk p-iƒ C p ssen-hn-j ]cn-]m-sn-i-fpss ]e kwt{]-j-w-am-[y-a-ß-fn H p-am- {X-am-Wv. ssen-hn-j sk p-iƒ X-s bpw t{_muv_m Uv IW- Œn-hn- n-bp-ff kvam v Sn.-hn.-I-fm-bn- Øp-S-ßn. FIvkvt_mIvkv t]mepff hountbm skbn-ap-iƒ t]mepw C\n-ta Sn.hn-.bn km[y-am-ipw. KqKvƒ, tkmwn F o ÿm]-\-ßƒ F v.-un. kvam v Sn.hn. p th n cq]o-icn Icm Dƒs -ss-bp-f-fh kr n- m t]mip hnπhw ImØn-cp p ImWp-I-Xs thww. _n._n.-kn.bpw CXcNm\- ep-ifpw tn m-cw-`n you view, Bh-iy-ap-ff ]cn-]m-sn-iƒ Ft mƒ thw-sa- nepw ImWmhp "Sn.hn. Hm Unam Uv' km[y-x-iƒ Xpd- n- -XmWv as m-cp-zm-l-c-ww.

$(34) CØ-c-samcp kmt -Xn-I- -am-[yahnπ-høns ] m-ø-e-øn-emwp ssen-hn-js\ kw_- n \nba-ßfpw \nb-{ -W-ßfpw `c-w-iqs CS-s]SepI-fpsams ]pxn-sbmcp ]cn-t{] yw Bh-iy-s -Sp- -Xv.$

34 (34) CØ-c-samcp kmt -Xn-I- -am-[yahnπ-høns ] m-ø-e-øn-emwp ssen-hn-js\ kw_- n \nba-ßfpw \nb-{ -W-ßfpw `c-w-iqs CS-s]SepI-fpsams ]pxn-sbmcp ]cn-t{] yw Bh-iy-s -Sp- -Xv. ssewkn-i-x, A{I-aw, hwio-b-x, h Ko-bX XpS-ßnb-h-bpsS B[n-Iyw, Ip n-i-fpss ssen-hn-j Nm\-ep- Iƒ p taep-ff IWn-i-amb Imh -Æp-Iƒ, ]cky-ß-fp-ssbpw hn]-wn-bp-ssbpw A[o-iXzw XpS-ßnb-h-sbms ChnsS N -sn-ø-s -Sp- p. s]mxp-ta- Jem ssen-hn-js {]m[m-\yhpw {]k- nbpw C pw \ne-\n p kμ `w CXp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. _n._n.-kn.sb ap \n Øn Hm se-_m Cu hnjbw hni-zo-i-cn- p p. "Xmt m k -ev]-\-ßƒ' F c mw `mkøv \mep hnj-b-ß-fmwp N -sn-ø-s -Sp- -Xv. "ssen-hn-j KWw' F BZy-hn-j-bw, ]c-º-c, kn vtimw, Ip m-t\z-j-w-]-cn-]m-sn, tsmiv tjm, dnbmen- n tjm F n-h-sb- p-dn p kqnn- n- p- p. ssenhn-js BJym-\-Ie F c m-asø hnjbw Nn -hn- m-\obw (semiotics), kt -X-ßƒ (codes), {]hmlw (flow), {]Xyb-imkv{Xw (ideology), bym - YXzw (realism) F o kao-]-\-ßfpw ]cn-i-ev]-\- Ifpw ap \n Øn kn vtim-ap-i-sfbpw "tlmkv]n- {Uma' F khn-ti-j-k-w-søbpw hni-zo-icn- p- p. aq m-asø hnjbw "ayqkniv ssen-hnj\pw t]mãv tamtu-wn-khpw' F -Xm-Wv. P\-{]nb-kw-kvIm-cw, BtKm-f-hXvI-c-Ww, kmwkvimcnikm{am-py-xzw, enwk-cm-{ o-bw, Xmc-_nw-_w, kwko-x-øns Zriy- -i-cochxvi-cww F n-ßs\ F{X-sb- nepw Xe-ß-fn ayqkniv ssen-hn-j kr n- p-i-gn am -ßƒ ChnsS hni-i-e\w snøs -Sp- p. \mem-asø hnjbw "ssen-hn-j\pw t{] -Icpw' F -Xm-Wv. IpSpw-_-ß-fn ssen-hnj kr n- p ka-b PohnX {Ia-ß-fpƒs -ss-bpffh ChnsS N -sn-øp- p. "hkvxp-xm-ss-en-hn-j ' F aq mw `mkw, tumiyp-sa -dn, dnbm-en n Sn.hn. XpS-ßnb cq]-ß-sf- p-dn- mwp N -sn-øp- -Xv. Hcp-]t ssen-hn-j- \n hm Øb-vs m- w-xs "hkvxp-xm-]-c-x' ap \n Øp-, F m hm Øm-kz-`mhw ssih-cn- m-ø, hm Øbv pw hnt\m-z-øn\pans-bn \n p-, ]cn-]m-sn-i-sf \ne-bn Ch {]m[m-\ya ln- p- p. ]c-º-c-iƒ pw an -hmdpw cmpy-ßfn, kn\n-abv pw kwko-x-øn-\p-sam w P\-{]n-b-ambn- -gn- n- p- v, dnbm-en n Sn.hn. hnhn-[-xcw tumiyp-sa -dn-iƒ, bmym Yy-hpambn Ah-bv p-ff _ w, Ah-bpsS BJym-\-I-e, dnb-en-khpw tumiyp-sa -dnbpw F n-ßs\ Ht sd hnj-b-ßƒ ap \n Øn-bmWv tumiyp-sa -dn-isf Hm se-_m hni-zo-i-cn- p- -Xv. dnbm-en- n- Sn-hn-bpsS Ncn-{Xhpw {][m\ KpWßfpw Nq n- m-wn- p-sim v ss{iw, t]meokv XpSßnb dnbm-en n Snhn cq]-ßƒ N -bvs -Sp- p p, XpS tßm v. tumiyp-sa dn \n Ωm-W-Øns kmt -Xn-I- cq]w Df-f-S- -k-ao-]-\-ßƒ hni-zo-i-cn- p Hc-[ym-b-hp-ap v Cu `mk-øv. "hm Øbpw Imbn-I-Iebpw' F \memw `mkw Cu cq]-ßƒ c n-s\bpw Ipdn- p-ff ssk m- n-ihpw k -ev]-\-]-c-hp-amb hni-ie-\-ßƒ Dƒs m-f-f-p p. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v hm Ø-sb- p-dn- p-ff `mksø N mhn-j-b-ßƒ t\m pi: hm Ø-bpsS {]Xy-bimkv{Xw, s]mxp-a-fi-ew, hm Ø-bpsS kº-zvl-s-\, hm Øm GP kn-iƒ, hm Øm-ti-J-c-Ww, kn nk tp W-enkw, hm Øm-L-S-\, aqey-ßƒ, hm Øm-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpsS hymjym-\w, 9/11 Dw bmym Yy-ß-fpw, t_mznemzpw AXn-bm-Ym Yyhpw, hm Øm-Nm-\-ep-I-fpsS hnizm-ky-x, hm Øm-t{]- -I... F n-ßs\ ssenhn-j hm Ø-bpsS (hm Øm ssen-hn-js bpw) ka-{k-amb hni-i-e\-am-ip- p, Hm se-_m-dns coxn. kvt]m Svkn-s\- p-dn- p-ffxpw kam-\-amb Ah- X-c-Ww -Xs. hn]-wnbpw ]c-ky-ß-fp-ambn AXn-\p-

$(35) ff _ w ap \n Øn kvt]m Svkv Nm\-ep-Iƒ \n hln- p Akm-[m-c-W-amb kmº-øn-i-hn-\n-a-b-øn\v Du \ In-bmWv Cu N apt -dp- Xv. "ssen-hn-j {Uma' F \memw -`m-køv \mep- hn-j-b-ßƒ A]-{K-Yn- -s -Sp- p.$

35 (35) ff _ w ap \n Øn kvt]m Svkv Nm\-ep-Iƒ \n hln- p Akm-[m-c-W-amb kmº-øn-i-hn-\n-a-b-øn\v Du \ In-bmWv Cu N apt -dp- Xv. "ssen-hn-j {Uma' F \memw -`m-køv \mep- hn-j-b-ßƒ A]-{K-Yn- -s -Sp- p. {Uma-bpsS KpW-\n-e-hm-cw, dnb-en-khpw ]c-º-c-ifpw, {Umam- \n am-whpw Xnc- -Ym-c-N-\-bpw, ss{iw {Uma F nß-s\. Ata-cn- {Uma ap \n Øn-bmWp P\- {]nbssen-hn-j hnt\m-z-cq]-sa \ne-bn Cu KW-Øns KpW-\n-e-hm-c-N Hm se-_m \S-Øp- -sx- n {_n ojv kocn-b-ep-iƒ ap \n ØnbmWv Ahbpw dnben-khpw XΩn-ep-ff _ w hni-i-e\w snøp- -Xv. temi-sø-hn-ssbpw ssen-hn-j kr n- n- p-ff khn-ti-j-amb aq p kwkvim-c-ß-fpss {]Xo-I-amWp {Uma-Ifpw tkm v Hm -d-i-fpw. 1. ssen-hn-js\ Hcp Km lnihnt\m-z-am-[y-a-am n ÿm]n-s -SpØ KWw. 2. kv{xot{]- -I {]I-Sn- n- p-t]m-cp Akm-[mc-W-amb B`n-ap-Jyw. 3. IpSpw_w F ÿm]-\sø ]p\ \n h-nn pw ]p\ hn-\y-kn pw kr n- p aqey-hn-nm-cw. Ata-cn- -bnembmepw {_n \nembmepw C y-bnem-bmepw CXn\p am -an-. ]pcm-w -]-c-º-c-iƒ kr n khn-ti-j-amb ax- kmw-kvim-cni-]p-\-cp- m\- amwv BsI- qsn thdn- p-\n p Hcp afiew. {Umam-\n an-xn-bpss LS-\bpw BJym-\hpw Iebpw kmt -Xn-I-Xbpsams N -sn-øp ASpØ A[ym-b-amWv Cu `mkøp thdn- p-\n p- -Xv. ssen-hn-j ]cn-]m-sn-i-fpss \n am-w-co-xn-imkv{x-ßƒ ka-{k-ambn hni-zo-i-cn- p- p, Hm se- _m. Digital Television Production - A Handbook (2002), Practical Media Dictionary (2003) XpS-ßnb {KŸ-ßfn Hm se-_m Xs ap ]-h-x-cn- n- n- p-ff \nco- -W-ß-fpsS XpS Cub-[ym-b-Øn ImWmw. CSI Dƒs -ss-bp-ff hnjym-x-ß-fmb Ata-cn- ss{iw {Uma-Iƒ ap \n Øn Cu \nco- -W-ßƒ km[q-i-cn- p- p, ASpØ A[ymb-Øn {KŸ-Im-c. Bdmw `mkw, ssen-hn-j ]cn-]m-sn-i-fpss \n am-w-sø- p-dn- p-ff {]mtbm-kni]cn-nbw Dd- m- p- p. Gg-[ym-b-ß-fp v Cu `mkøv. Production kit, Framing and shot size, Lighting for television, The television studio, Post production and creative editing, Working in television, Television and the law F n-h-bmwv Gg-[ym-b-ßƒ. \mep-xcw kmt -Xn-tIm-]-I-c-W-ß-fmWp s{]mu- In ns `mkw. Ima-d, i_vz-te-j-\w, hnhn-[-xcw ssat{im-t^m-wp-iƒ, {]Im-i-kw-hn- [m\w F n-h. Imadm BwKnƒ apx Ima-d-bpsS Ne-\hpw ÿnxnbpw Dƒs -ss-bp-f-f-h-bmwp c m-a- [ym-b-ønse hnj-bw. ]e-xcw ]cn-]m-sn-iƒ mbn {Iao-I-cn- p hnhn[ {]Im-i-kw-hn-[m-\-ß-sf- pdn pw Ah -\ Im-hp Zriy-{]-Xo-Xn-I-sf- p-dn- pamwv ASpØ A[ym-bw. \n Ωm-Wm-\- cãpuntbmzuxy-ß-sf- p-dn p \mem-a-[ymbw hni-zo-i-cn- p-tºmƒ FUn- nßns hnhn[ coxn- Ifpw km[y-x-ifpw Nq n- m-wn- p- p, A m-a- [ym-bw. \n am-w kmt -XnIXe-ß-fnse ssen-hnj {]h Ø-\-ß-sf- p-dn v Bdm-a-[ym-bhpw ssenhn-j ]cn-]m-sn-iƒ \n an- p-tºmƒ Adn- n-cnt {]my-an-i-amb \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-i-sf- p-dn v Ggm-a-[ym-bhpw hnh-cn- p- p. kzim-cyx, ]I -h- Im-iw, t] v, am\-\- w, tims-xn-b-e yw XpSßnb Xe-ß-fn ssen-hn-j {]h Ø-I {i nt N -ßfpw acym-z-ifpw t{imuo-i-cn- p- p, Cub-[ym-b-Øn. Npcp- -Øn, ssk m- n-ihpw {]mtbm-kn-i-hpamb Xe-ß-fn, A m-z-an-ihpw s{]m^-j-w-ep-amb cwk-ß-fn, ]T-\-]-chpw {]hr-øn-]-c-hp-amb taj-e- I-fn Hs ssen-hn-j am[y-a-tømsp XmXv]-cy-apf-f-h Adn- n-cn-t kmt -Xn-Ihpw am[y-a-]- chpw kmaq-ln-ihpw kmwkvim-cn-i-hp-amb Hcp-]mSp hnj-b-ß-fp-ssbpw hkvxp-x-i-fp-ssbpw {]am-w-ß-fpssbpw {]tbm-k-ß-fp-ssbpw Hcp BI-c-am-Ip- p, Cu {KŸw. The Television Handbook, Jeremy Orlebar Routledge, {ioi- c k Δ-I-em-im-e-bn ae-bmfw A[ym-]-I- \mwv tej-i. shajijacob67@gmail.com.

$]{Xhm Ø-I-fn \nt m ssen-hn-j hm Ø-I-fn \nt m bmym yw Adn-bm-\m-Ip- n. kw`-h-ß-fpss _mly-hn-h-cww am{x-amwv hm Ø-I-sf t]cn P\-ßƒ Adn-bp- -Xv. hkvxpx AXm-bn-cn- -W-sa- n-.$ $hm Ø-bv p- n \n p hkvxpx e`n- m F p-thww? ]{X{]h ØI kxy-øn-\p -th n kw`-h-ß-fpss D n-te v At\z-j-W-_p- n-tbmss IqSp-X k cn-t - n- hcpw.$

36 (36) ap t] ]d- -h Adn-hns ]n. kppm-x hnkvab-tkm-]pcw hm Øbpw hkvxp-xbpw h -ssh-cp-[y-ßsf-t mse ]c-kv]cw apjw Xncn p c p hgn- p-t]m- Ip- p. ]{Xhm Ø-I-fn \nt m ssen-hn-j hm Ø-I-fn \nt m bmym yw Adn-bm-\m-Ip- n. kw`-h-ß-fpss _mly-hn-h-cww am{x-amwv hm Ø-I-sf t]cn P\-ßƒ Adn-bp- -Xv. hkvxpx AXm-bn-cn- -W-sa- n-. hm Ø-bv p- n \n p hkvxpx e`n- m F p-thww? ]{X{]h ØI kxy-øn-\p -th n kw`-h-ß-fpss D n-te v At\z-j-W-_p- n-tbmss IqSp-X k cn-t - n- hcpw. Ata-cn- -bnse hnjym-x-\mb ]{X-{]-h Ø- I hmƒ en]vam-t -XmWv Cu \nco- -Ww. hm Ø-tbbpw hkvxp-x-tbbpw th Xn-cn- p-sim v ssz\w-zn\]{x-{]-h Ø-\-Øn kxyw Fß-s\- bmwv sim -s -Sp- sx v DZm-l-c-Wßƒ \ncøn en]vam sxfn-bn- p. Ata-cn- ]{Xßƒ Ggp Zim-_vZtØmfw tkmhn-b v bqwn-b-s\- p-dn v Fgp-Xn-b-sX mw shdpw \pw-i-fm-bncp- p. HIvtSm-_ hnπ-h-sø- p-dn p {]apj bpfkv ]{Xß-fn \n v P\- ßƒ hmbn- -dn hmƒ en]vam- ip A_- -ßƒ temiøv A\m-hiyamb kwl kw`-h-ß-fpss _mly-hn-h-cww am{x-amwv hm Ø-I-sf t]cn P\-ßƒ Adn-bp- -Xv. hkvxpx AXm-bn-cn- -W-sa- n-. hm Ø-bv p- n \n p hkvxpx e`n- m F p-thww? jhpw tncn-xn-cnhpw D m- n-sb pw At±lw hmzn p. "iox-bp w' D m-bxpw apxem-fnøhyhÿ-bpss i{xp-hmwp Iayq-Wn-k-sa txm hf Xpw kxyhpw hm Øbpw c p -h-gn- m-b- XpsIm- m-sw v Bcnepw sr Df-hm- pw-hn[w hmƒ en]vam \nco- n- p. kw`-h-ß-fpss ]pdw-txmsp am{x-amwv hm Ø Fs -gp-xnb F.-hn. IrjvW-hm-cy Adnt m Adn-bm-sXtbm hmƒ en]vams A`n-{]m-b-Øn\v ASn-h-c-bn- p. Ata-cn- am[y-a-hr-øn-bn Hcp XØz-Nn- -Is ÿm\-amwp en]vam kz -am- nb-xv. \yqtbm v ssswkv, hmjn-mvs t]mãv, Nn mtkm ss{s_yq F o {]apj Zn\]-{X-ß-fnsem pw en]vam {]h Øn- p-itbm Fgp-Xp-Itbm snbvxn-. sssw, \yqkv ho v hmcn-i-i-fn \n pw Ah {]N-cn- n- m {ian kmº-øni hnnm-c-ßfn \n pw Ft mgpw At±lw Hcp {]m -\mzqcw ]men- p.

$IrjvW-hm-cy- sndp-in-s, CS-Øcw {]kn- o-i-c-w-ßƒ Bcw-`n pw Ahbn am{xw \nc- cw Fgp-Xnbpw At\Iw Xe-ap-d-Isf kzm[o- \n- p-ibpw _u n-i-tem-isø hio-i-cn- p-ibpw snbvx en]vams ticf ]Xn- m-bn-cp- p F.hn.$

37 (37) F.-hn. IrjvW-hm-cy- sndp-in-s, CS-Øcw {]kn- o-i-c-w-ßƒ Bcw-`n pw Ahbn am{xw \nc- cw Fgp-Xnbpw At\Iw Xe-ap-d-Isf kzm[o- \n- p-ibpw _u n-i-tem-isø hio-i-cn- p-ibpw snbvx en]vams ticf ]Xn- m-bn-cp- p F.hn. IrjvW-hm-cy. _lp- `mjm]fin-x, Ihn, {]_- -Im-c, Imhy-hn-a i-i, kmaqlninn -I F n-ßs\ At\Iw Xqhe-p-Iƒ IrjvW-hm-cycpsS sxm n-bn D m-bn-cp- p. F nepw ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-Øn-embn-cp p F.-hn.-bpsS {][m\ D]-Po-h-\w. B\p-Im-enI{]kn- o- I-c-W-Øns D -S w \n -bn- p- -Xn XnI pw hy n-\njvt-amb ImgvN- msp ]pe Ønb At±lw kmwkvim-cniticfsø Bg-Øn kzm[o-\n- p. Bi-b-tem-IØv D m-ip sndnb kv^penw-k-ßƒ t]mepw Pm{K-Xm-]q hw t\m n-bn-cp Hcp ]{Xm-[n-], Hcp sndp-hm Ø-bn \n p {]tnm-z\w Dƒs m p alm-{]-_ w Na-bv m F.-hn. v GXm\pw \nan-j-ßƒ axn-bm-bn-cp p F v At±-l-Øns ssz\w- Zn\{]h Ø-\-ßƒ p km n-bm-bn-cp- -h ]d-bp- p. {ZpX-c-N-\-Iƒ p km[m-cw kw`-hn- p Bg-an- mbva IrjvW-hm-cy-cpsS tej-\-ßsf Hcn- epw _m[n- n-. F.-hn. Fgp-Xnb ]{X- p-dn- p-iƒ t]mepw Zo L-K-th-j-Whpw At\z-j- Whpw Btem-N-\bpw sim v Kl-\-X-bm hnnm-c-_n-μp- fmbn hmb-\- m v A\p-`-h-s - p. Adn-hns ]c pw Bghpw sim v tic-f-ønse hmb-\m-k-aqlsø hnkva-bn- n At±lw kmln-xy-øn-sebpw ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-I-e-bn-sebpw \qx-\-{]-h-w- X-I-tfmSp kwi-bmephmbn-cp- p. AXn-\m H.-hn. hnp-bs "Jkm- ns CXn-lmkw' F bpk-\n ΩmWt\mh amxr- `qan hmcn-i-bn {]kn- o-i-cn- m Xocp-am-\n ]{Xm-[n-]-cmb IrjvW-hm-cy B\-μns "Bƒ q w' F ani IrXnsb Ah-K-Wn p If- p. Bƒ q w t\mh-e ; shdpw {]_- -am-sw p Ip -s -SpØn \nc-kn- p-ibm-bn-cp- p. tum. si. Aø- -Wn- cpss "Ipcp-t {Xw' F Ihn-Xbpw {]kn- o-i-c-w-tbm-ky-a-s p hn[n v Xncn- -b ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp p IrjvWhm-cy. ]co- WIuXp-I-ßsf Ihn-Xbn-em-bmepw t\mh-enembmepw F.-hn. ssib-sn p t{]m m-ln- n- n-. AtX kabw P\-ßsf ]pxnb Adn-hp- IƒsIm v Bi-b-k-ºpjvScm m ]{Xm-[n-] F \ne-bn At±lw PmK-cq-I-\mbn. sske vhmen h\-{]-tziw kwc- n- m kwl-snx{]t m`w Bcw-`n thf-bn s{]m^-k Fw.-sI. {]kmzv AtX- p-dn v Hcp tej-\-sa-gp-xn. tic-f- Ønse Hcp {]apj Zn\-]{Xw B tej\w {]kn- o-i-cn- m Iq m- n-bn-. ]{XapS-a-I-fn Hcm-fns \n _ w aqew \nc-kn- -s B tej\w F.-hn. A ]w [oc-x-tbmss kzoi-cn v amxr- `qan hmcn-i-bn {]kn- o-i-cn- p. ]{Xw \ncm-i-cn- -te-j\w hmcn-i-bn {]kn- o- I-cn- Xv DS-a-Iƒ p ckn- n-. "sim msa p txm n-bxp sim p simspøp' F p hni-zo-i-cn ]{Xm-[n-] p ]ns B ÿm]-\-øn Xs sxmgn Icm ]pxp- n- n- n-bn-. tpmen-bpss `mhn t\m msx icn-sb p txm p Bi-btØm-sSm w \ne-bp-d- n IrjvW-hmcy p ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-Øn t]mø tpmk-^n-s\-t mse ]e XhW Dcpf I v BtI- n-h- p. AXp-sIm v Hcp KpW-ap- mbn At±-l-Øns \ne-]m-sp-ifn Hcn- epw Po W-X-bpsS ]mb s]mxn n-. ]gb A`n-cp-Nn-tbmSpw Po Wn Bi-b-ß-tfmSpw s]mcp-tx- n-h-cp ]{Xm-[n-]- m temiøv F m-bn-s-øpap v. tic-f-ønse hmƒ en]vam F v DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-tØmsS Rm hnfn- m CjvS-s -Sp F.-hn. IrjvW-hmcycpw AØ-c-Øn-semcp tp W-enÃv Bbn-cp- p. P\m-`n-{]mbw kzcq-]n- p- - Xn t\xr-]-c-amb ] mwv ]{Xm-[n-]- sc \ne-bn F.-hn. hln- -Xv. F m A -c-bsn Db-c-ap apgp-h ae-bm-fn-ifpw Xs Ihn-Xbpw tej- \hpw hmbn- m-kz-zn- -W-sa v At±lw

$(38) B{K-ln- n. Iem-kzm-Z- \hpw Nn bpw GXp kaq-l-ønepw Hcp \yq\- ]- -Øn-sem-Xp-ßp Imcy-am-Wv. kaq-l- Øns B -c-tn-x-\sb sxmsm AXp-a-Xn.$ $Aßs\ P\m-[n-]-Xy- Øn\v DW hpw _ehpw \ Ip A\p-aXn \n ΩmWw A\p-kyqXw tpmk^v ap -t»cn \S- p-sa v en]vams\ A\p-kva-cn- n pw hn[w F.-hn. Fgp-Xn. ]Xn-s\ p `mj-iƒ Adn-bm-am-bn-cp GI -a-e-bm-fn-bmbn-cp p F.$ $P\m-`n-{]mbw kzcq-]n- p- -Xn-s\- p-dn v hmƒ en]vam \S-Ønb "am\p-^m-iv -dnmv I sk v' F {]tbmkw t\mw tnmwkvin IS-sa-SpØv Hcp IrXn p t]cn- n- p- v. F.-hn.$

38 (38) B{K-ln- n. Iem-kzm-Z- \hpw Nn bpw GXp kaq-l-ønepw Hcp \yq\- ]- -Øn-sem-Xp-ßp Imcy-am-Wv. kaq-l- Øns B -c-tn-x-\sb sxmsm AXp-a-Xn. B \yq\-]- -Øn-eqsS sshimsx Bi-b-ßƒ simsp- m- mbn s]mxp-kaq-l-amsi hoin-b-sn- pw. Aßs\ P\m-[n-]-Xy- Øn\v DW hpw _ehpw \ Ip A\p-aXn \n ΩmWw A\p-kyqXw tpmk^v ap -t»cn \S- p-sa v en]vams\ A\p-kva-cn- n pw hn[w F.-hn. Fgp-Xn. ]Xn-s\ p `mj-iƒ Adn-bm-am-bn-cp GI -a-e-bm-fn-bmbn-cp p F.-hn. IrjvW-hm-cy. At\Iw `mj-iƒ hi-am- p- -h p inip-k-l-p-amb Nne kz`m-h-hn-ti-j-ß-fp- m- Ip-sa v `mjm-im-kv{x- -\mb t\mw tnmwkvin \nco- n- n- p- v. F.-hn. bpssbpw ]n.-hn. \c-knw-l-dm-hp-hn-s bpw a pw s]cp-am- -ß-fnse ssii-h-`m-h-ß-sf- m-bn-cp p F v Ah-cp-ambn \nc- ckmao]yw ]pe Øn-bn-cp- -h Hm søsp- -s. P\m-`n-{]mbw kzcq-]n- p- -Xn-s\- p-dn v hmƒ en]vam \S-Ønb "am\p-^m-iv -dnmv I sk v' F {]tbmkw t\mw tnmwkvin IS-sa-SpØv Hcp IrXn p t]cn- n- p- v. F.-hn.-bpsS `mjm-]-cn-jvi-c-w-{i-a-ßfpw Nn m-co-xn-ifpw en]vam-t\mspw tnmwkvin-tbmspw CW-ßnt m-ip- Xv bmzr- n-i-a apx ]Xn-\mdp h j- mew amxr-`qan hmcn-ibpss ]{Xm-[n-]-cmbn {]h Øn- -ti-j-amwv IrjvW-hm-cy HutZym-KnI`mjm-]-cn-jvI-c-Wm w cq]-sa-spø `mjm C Ãn- yq- ns ÿm]i Ub-d-IvS Bbn Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøv FØn-b-Xv. IrjvW-hm-cy-cpsS _lp-ap-j-amb Ign-hp-I-fn hnizm-k-ap- m-bn-cp tpmk^v ap -t»cn, C.-Fw.-F-kv, kn. ANyp-X-ta-t\m F n-h-cpss \nc- ct{]cw AXn\p ]n n {]h Øn- n-cp- p. imkv{x-km-t -XnI]Z-ßƒ ]cn- `m-j-i-fn-eqss Dƒs m v ae-bmf`mjsb temi-ssh- m- \ni`mh-ßƒ apgp-h kzoi-cn- m si p- -Xm- -Wsa v C Ãn- yq- ns Xe-h-s\ \ne-bn F.-hn. B{Kln- p. At±lw Na ae-bm-f-]-cn-`m-j-iƒ ]expw B - cyhpw IuXp-Ihpw ]cn-lm-khpw P\n- n- p. BwK-teb]Zßƒs mw X\n- a-e-bm-f-ap- m- m \S-Ønb {iaw Nncnbp-f-hm- n. `mjm C Ãn- yq- nse "C Ãn- yq v' F hm n\p ae-bm-f-ant F p hna i-i IrjvWhm-cy p t\tc Hfn-bºv FbvXp. kmlnxy A m-zan, kwko-x- \m-si A m-z-an, efn-x-iem A m-z-an, {] v A m-zan F o HutZym-KnIÿm]-\-ß-fpsS t]cv awn-{]-hm-f-øn XpS p. A m-z-an pw C Ãn- yq- n\pw hmcy ae-bmfw kw`m-h\ snbvxn-. C.-Fw.-F-kv kn. ANyp-X-ta-t\m Xan-g-sc-t mse `mjm-{`m v ]pe Øp- -h-c ae-bm-fn-i-sf pw hn m-\-hn-]p-eo-i-c-w-øn\p ]cn-`m-jtb- mƒ Ffp- w A\y-`m-jm-]Zw A Sn kzoi-cn- p- -Xm-sW pw A`n-{]mbap h-cp- v. IrjvW-hm-cycpw AXn-t\mSp tbmpn- p. amdp A -Sn kmt - XnIhnZybv v CWßpw hn[w `mjmen]n ]cn-jvi-cn- m A o-w- {iaw \S-Ønb F.-hn. ]{X-ß-sfbpw A Snime-I-sfbpw henb Af-hn klm-bn- p. A -c-ß-fpss Cc- n v Hgnhm- n. Nn - cw Ign- p-h-cp hyrvp-\-ßƒ Cc- n-t -s p \n tzin p ent\m sss n \n p t^mt m Itºm-knßn-te- p Nph-Sp-am- -Øn IrjvW-hm-cy-cpsS en]n ]cn-jvi-cww A -Sn-im-e-Iƒ v A\p-{K-l-am-bn. ]pxnb Iw]yq- tkm^v vshb hni-kn- n -t mƒ Cu ]cn-jvi-c-w-ßƒ Gsd- psd A{]-k- -am-sb- nepw Ct mƒ F.-hn. D m-bn-cp-s - n `mjmimkv{xtaj-e-bn ]pø ]co- -Wßƒ XpS-cp-am-bn-cp- p. Ihn-Xbpw tej\kam-lm-c-ß-fp-a- S w \qtdmfw {KŸ-ßƒ F.-hn. IrjvW-hm-cy {]kn- o-i-cn- n- p- v. Ncn- {X-sØbpw kwkvim-c-søbpw ASp-Ø-dnbm D]-I-cn- p tej-\-ßƒ n-s-bn imkv{xm-h-t_m-[-ap- m- p \nc-h[n cn-\-i-fp- v. B\p-Im-enI{]kn- o-i-c-wß-fpss ]{Xm-[n-]-sc \ne-bn Fgp- Xnb {]Xn-hm-c- p-dn- p-ifpw apj-{]-kw-kßfpw Nne tej\kam-lm-c-ß-fn CSw

$(39) ]nsn- -t mƒ \ FUn- n-ßns A`mhw aqew Ht sd t\m - n-i-ip-iƒ kw`-hn- -Xmbn ImWmw. AØ-c-samcp tej-\-amwv I\p-k-\ym-en-s\- pdn- p- -Xv.$ $\Ivk _mcn t\xm-hm-bn-cp I\p-k-\ym kzim-cy-po-hn-x- Øn XnI Im]-Sy- m-c\pw Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im v Hcn- epw lnx-i-c-a- mø Agp-Inb Pohn-X-Øn\pSabpw BsW v Cw ojv hmcni Fgp-Xn.$

39 (39) ]nsn- -t mƒ \ FUn- n-ßns A`mhw aqew Ht sd t\m - n-i-ip-iƒ kw`-hn- -Xmbn ImWmw. AØ-c-samcp tej-\-amwv I\p-k-\ym-en-s\- pdn- p- -Xv. Hcp Cw ojv hmcn-i-bn h Zo L-amb tej-\sø D]-Po-hn v Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-WXv. \Ivk _mcn t\xm-hm-bn-cp I\p-k-\ym kzim-cy-po-hn-x- Øn XnI Im]-Sy- m-c\pw Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im v Hcn- epw lnx-i-c-a- mø Agp-Inb Pohn-X-Øn\pSabpw BsW v Cw ojv hmcni Fgp-Xn. At\-Ie w cq]-bpss _m v _me kpw kzim-cy-k-ºm- Zyhpw Cu t\xm-hn-\p- v. At±-l-Øns sxmgnemfnh -t{]aw shdpw \msy-am-wv. Cw ojv hmcn-ibn \n v Bibw IS-sa-SpØv F.-hn. C m-cyw - hn-i-z-ambn Xs ]w n-bn Fgp-Xn. F m hkvxpxm-]-c-ambn Ah-sbm pw icn-bm-bn-cp- n-. Cw ojv hmcni sx p a\- n-em n ]nt -e w am- ]-W-]q hw Xncp-Øn. I\p-k-\ym-en\v A]-Io Ønbp- m- nb B ^o Na tej-is\ hmcni ]ncn- p-hn- p. Iayq-WnÃv Xo{h-hm-Z-{Kq- p-iƒ n-s-bnse IpSn- -I-bn tej-i ] w ]nsn-s -gp-xnb hnh-c-ßsf B{i-bn F.hn. IrjvW-hm-cy p Xncp-Øm Ah-kcw e`n- n-. At±-l-Øns tej-\-ßƒ kaml-cn p {KŸ-an-d- n-b-h ASn-ÿm-\-h-kvXp-X-Iƒ Fs - -dn-bmsx I\p-k-\ym-en-s\- p-dn- p A]- Io Øn-I-c-amb tej\w F.-hn.-bpsS t]cn am -an- msx {]kn- o-i-cn- n- p- v. Ip paw hmcn-i-bnepw amxr-`qan hmcn-i-bnepw Zo L-Imew ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bncp hmcy-cpss {]Xn-hm-c- p-dn- p-iƒ ]pkvx-i-cq-]- Øn-en-d- m {ian- p- -h Imcy-t_m-[-ap- -h-scs m v Ah kq va-ambn FUn v snøn- -W-sa v A`y n- p- p. IrjvW-hm-cy-cpsS P -i-xm_vzn BtLm-jn- p Cu thf-bn 1989 a a-d B alm-a-\o-jn-tbmsv At±-l-Øns Bcm-[-I p snøm-hp G hpw \oxn-bp- -amb Imcyw AXmWv. I\p-k-\ym- IS-Ω-\n cma-ir-jvw IS-Ω-\n cma-ir-jvw, _me-n-{μ Np n- msv F o Ihn-Iƒ v ]{Xm-[n-]-cmb IrjvW-hmcysc CjvS-am-bn-cp- n-. \nc- -c-ambn Xs ani Ihn-X-Iƒ \nc-kn- -s - -Xns ZpxJw IS-Ω-\n- bv v D m-bn-cp- n-cn- -Ww. hmcn-iiƒ p IhnX Abbv p- Xp \ndpøn "snm mgvn'ifn-eqss IhnX Be-]n v Bkzm-Z-Isc BI jn- p coxn IS-Ω- \n Bcw-`n- p. Xncp-h-\- -]pcw sk\ v lmfn ]pen-tøm DSp-Øv, IØp- -]- -ta n IS-Ω-\n "Im m-f ' F IhnX apg-ßp i_vz-øn Be- ]n- Xv F.-hn. F ]{Xm-[n-]-tcm-Sp {]Xn-tj[w IqSn [z\n- n- p. snm mgvn ]n m-eøv Hcp {]h-w-x-bmbn {]N-cn- p-i-bp- m-bn. {]Xn-`m-im-enbmb Ihn p P\-ß-fn-se-Øm Hcp ]{Xm-[n-]-cpsS A\p-{K-ltam ]n p-wtbm klm-btam Bh-iy-ans v sxfn- -t mƒ ]{Xm-[n-]- m IhnX txsn Ihn-I-fpsS ]n mse ]m p-xp-s-ßn. kwko-xm-fl-iamb Bem-]\w A -Sn pdw Ihn-Xbv v Hcp AkvXnXzw D m- n. Adn-bm-sX-sb- nepw AXn\p If-sam-cp- nb IrjvW-hm-cy p kvxpxn. Xr»q-cnse Bdm- p-]p-g-bn 1916 tabv 13- mw XobXn P\n IrjvW-hm-cy kwkvir-x-`m-jm-[ym-]- I-\m-bn- mwv Pohn-X-hrØn Bcw-`n- -Xv. ImeSn kwkvir-x-kviq-fn \n p Xr q-wn-øpd kwkvirx timtf-pn F.-hn. FØnb L -Øn tziobkzmx-{ y-k-acw Iep-jn-X-am-bn. "Izn v C y' {]t m-`-øn ]s -Sp- m th n timtfpv A[ym-]-I-tPmen Dt]- n- p. kzx-{ -`m-cxw F ]{Xw XpS-ßn. Bi-b-{]-N-c-W-Øns A hpw aqeyhpw Xncn- -dn At±lw kwlm-s-\hpw kmln-xy-c-n-\bpw ]{X-{]-h Ø-\hpw Xs I ΩtaJ-e-I-fm- n. hm Ø-Iƒ dnt m v snøp- - Xn At±lw henb {Xn I n-. hm Øbv p ]n nse hm Ø-bn-emWp kxy-sa v hmƒ en]vam-s\-t mse F.-hn. Icp-Xn. tic-f-

$(40) ]{X{]h ØIbqWn-bs ÿm]i {]kn-u v Bbn-cp IrjvW-hm-cy-cpsS t\xr-kpww B kwl-s-\bv p cmjv{sob] w tncmø Ipeo-\-`mhw \ In. sshcp-[y-ßsf Iq n-bn-w- m F.hn. kzm- X -c-\m-bn-cp- p.$

40 (40) ]{X{]h ØIbqWn-bs ÿm]i {]kn-u v Bbn-cp IrjvW-hm-cy-cpsS t\xr-kpww B kwl-s-\bv p cmjv{sob] w tncmø Ipeo-\-`mhw \ In. sshcp-[y-ßsf Iq n-bn-w- m F.hn. kzm- X -c-\m-bn-cp- p. Km nbpw tkmuvskbpw F mwv Hcp {][m\ Ihn-X-bpsS Xe-s - v. tej\kam-lm-c-ß-fpss t]cp-iƒ t\m p-i. {]iv\-ßƒ ]mt-ßƒ, sh phn-fn-iƒ {]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ, At\z-j-Wßƒ Is -Ø-ep-Iƒ, ka-ky-iƒ kam- [m-\-ßƒ, am\-ßƒ \nk-a-\-ßƒ, hnnn -\-ßƒ hni-zo-i-c-w-ßƒ, ho - W-ßƒ hna i-\-ßƒ F n-ßs\ \ofp p Ah. \mec Zim-_vZ-ßƒ pap ]v Atbm-[y-bnse X -`q-an-sb- pdn p {]h-n\kz`m-h-tømss F.-hn. FgpXnb ""]cn-lm-c-an- mø {]iv\-an-. F m Atbm[y Agn- pw-txmdpw Ipcp- p-iƒ apdp-ip k o W-amb {]iv\-am-wv.'' hniz-\myv {]Xm]v knmv bp.-]n. apjy-a-{ n-bm-bn-cnt Atbm-[y-{]-iv\- Øn CS-s]-Sm Bh-iy-s v Hcp kwl-s\ \nth-z\w \ Inb hm Ø D -cn- p-sim- mwv F.-hn. B tej\w XpS-ßp- -Xv. ae-bm-f-øn Atbm[y{]iv\-sØ- p-dn p h BZyteJ-\-am-bn-cp- p. Hcp ]{Xm-[n-]- cpss Pm{KX \ng-en- p {]h Ø-\-ßfn F.-hn. F m-h-tc- mfpw ap n-embn-cp- p. {^m knkv ^p n-bma "Ncn-{X- hniz-\myv {]Xm]v knmv Øns A yw' Ipdn- -t mƒ AtX- n BZyw tej-\-sa-gp- Xnb ]{Xm-[n-]cpw F.-hn. Bbn-cp- p. C s\ pw KqKnƒ sk pw C mø ImeØv CsXms Fßs\ km[n p? ]{Xm-[n-]-sc \ne-bn F.-hn. IrjvW-hm-cy Gh-scbpw hnkva-bn- n- Xv Aß-s\-bm-Wv. hn m\ssic-fn-bpss H mw e -Øn ]{Xm-[n-]- pdn-s \ne-bn F.-hn. FgpXn: ""kb kp -t]mse Bthi-I-c-ambn a\p-jy-n-cn-{x-øn as - p- v! a\p-jys G hpw al-\o-b-amb kn n kb kn A[n-jvTn-X-amb ho -W-am- W-t m. GXp b n- -Y-bmWv kb kns IYtb mƒ IqSp-X B -cy-ßsf Dƒs m- p- Xv?'' ae-bm-f-øn imkv{x-km-lnxyw Fs mcp hn`m-k-øn\p XpS w Ipdn- - Xn F.-hn. IrjvW-hm-cy F ]{Xm-[n-]-tcmSp \mw ISs - n-cn- p p (bp- n-bm hn{k-l-`-rvp-i, _p n-bm ]{Xm-[n-] F Xe-s - n Sn.-]n. Ip n- -Æ amxr-`q-anbn Fgp-Xnb tej-\-øn \n v D -cn- p- -Xv) cq]w sim ticf imkv{x-km-lnxy]cn-jøv AXn\v A p-sim w apºv IrjvW-hm-cycpw Iq cpw tn p- m- nb ticf imkv{x-km-lnxykan-xn-bpss hn]pecq]-am-bn-cp- p. c n-s bpw kmº-øn-i-im-cy-ßƒ ssiimcyw snbvxn-cp JPm Pn-bpsS ÿm\-amwv F.-hn. hln- -Xv. F m ]cn-j- Øns _p n-ti-{μ-am-im\pw "imkv{x-kxn' F AXns apj-]{xw XpS-ßm\pw At±lw ap ssi-sb-sp-øp. imkv{x-k- Xn-bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]-k-an-Xn-bnse H m-asø AwKhpw F.-hn. Bbn-cp- p. ""]cn-j-øns _u ni D -S- w, {]h Ø-\- Zni F nh cq]-s -Sp-Øp- -Xn F.-hn-. p- X-s -bm-bncp p {][m\ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw'' F v Ip n- -Æ tcj-s -Sp-Øp- p. hnt\m-z-tø- mƒ hn m-\-hn-`-h-ßƒ p {]m[m\yw \ Inb ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp p F.-hn. Fgp-Øp-Imsc ]pxnb m\-im-j-i-fn-te v At\z-j-W-Øns hnf- p-ambn At±lw ]d p hn p. tum. si.-pn. ASn-tbmSn ]mºp- Isf pdn pw Cμp-Nq-V tic-f-ønse ] n-i-sf- p-dn pw kn.-si. Zmtam-Z-c kky-pm-e-ß-sf- p-dn pw amxyp Xma-c- msv Im p-]q- -sf- - nbpw F.-hn.-bpsS t{]c-w-bm Fgp-Xn. s{]m^-k hn.-si. Zmtam-Z-c Iw]yq- dn-s\- p-dn-s -gp-xnb tej\w km[m-c-w- m-cmb hmb-\- m v BZym-\p-`hambncp- p. KWn-X-im-kv{Xw, ck-x-{ w, AWp-kn- m w XpSßn {]] cl-ky-ßƒ hsc kv] in- p imkv{x-hn-j-bßƒ v ]{Xm-[n-]-cmb F.-hn. Xs hmcn-i-bpss t]pp-iƒ Xpd- n- p. P\m-[n-]Xy hyh-ÿ-bpss hn]p-e-amb km[y-x-i-sf- n IrjvW-hm-cy p henb kz]v\-ßƒ D m-bn-cp- p. Adn-hn-eqsSbpw Bi-b-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw \msp-`-cn- m-sa v At±lw hnizkn- p. 78- mw hb- n PohnXw Ah-km\n p -Xp- hsc Adnhns temisø {]Pm-]-Xn-bmbn Ign- p. F.-hn.-sb-t msem-cmƒ ae-bmf]{x-{]-h Ø-\-Øn C\n-sb v? AXv h\yamb Hcp In\m-hm-Wv. {]txy-in- v, hmwn-py-h Ir-X-amb Cu Ime-Øv.... tic-f-iu-ap-zn, Iem-Iu-ap-Zn, ho Ww F o am[y-a-ß-fn {]h Øn- n- p cmjv{sob\nco- -I\pw {KŸ-Im-c\pamWv tej-i. sujaathan@gmail.com.

Doyen s Pen PRITISH NANDY (41) An Indian by accident Article by Pritish Nandy in the column Extraordinary Issue on Edit Page, Times of India on 14 August 2015 We contain multitudes, let s celebrate

41 Doyen s Pen PRITISH NANDY (41) An Indian by accident Article by Pritish Nandy in the column Extraordinary Issue on Edit Page, Times of India on 14 August 2015 We contain multitudes, let s celebrate the freedom of being Indian the way we want to be Curious as it may sound, I have always felt I am an Indian by accident. Let me explain why I say this. I was born in Bhagalpur. This ought to make me a Bihari. But I am not because my mother was a Bengali whose family had settled in Bihar. Within weeks of being born I came to Calcutta, where I spent all my growing up years. My school was founded by a Frenchman, a soldier of fortune. And though I scored far better marks in Bengali and Hindi there, the only language I learnt was English. How and why I have no clue since we all spoke Bengali at home. My first English article appeared in The Statesman when I was 13. Soon I published my first book of poems, again in English. I dropped out of college. Wrote more books till the desire to change the world (yes, in those days we actually thought we could) brought me to what was then Bombay, to be a journalist. Mumbai is where I have lived for most of my life. In between, for what seemed like six

42 (42) Pritish Nandy the man Pritish Nandy (born 15 January 1951) is a journalist, media and television personality, film producer and a poet. In the seventies, Pritish Nandy began to write for Sunday magazine. He was for several years Poetry Editor of The Illustrated Weekly of India and Books Editor of The Telegraph. He drew the front page cartoon called Mastermind for The Telegraph for three years. In December 1982 Nandy left Calcutta for Bombay where he joined The Times of India Group to become, for the first time in his life, a full-time journalist and editor. He was Publishing Director of The Times of India from 1982 to 1991, and Editor in Chief of The Illustrated Weekly of India from 1983 to He was also concurrently Editor of The Independent and Filmfare. He served at the same time as Publisher of The Illustrated Weekly of India, The Independent, Filmfare, Femina, Science Today, Dharmayug andmadhuri. He was also Publisher of Indrajal Comics. It was during this period that he received many awards and distinctions, including the Shrikant Verma Award for Excellence in Journalism. In 1991, Nandy left The Times of India Group to do television journalism and began with two shows: Fiscal Fitness, The Pritish Nandy Business Show on Zee TV and The Pritish Nandy Show, India s first signature show on Doordarshan National Network and Doordarshan Metro channels. He also covered the Indian Parliamentary elections 1998 for Doordarshan and did Face Off, a TV show he jointly hosted with noted poet Javed Akhtar. He is currently a columnist with The Times of India and Dainik Bhaskar. Nandy was one of the first internet evangelists in India and opened India s first cyber café in 1996 at Hotel Leela Kempinski in Mumbai. Nandy founded Pritish Nandy Communications in 1993 and remains its non-executive chairman. The company s first programme was a chat show titled the The Pritish Nandy Show which aired on Doordarshan, India s public broadcasting channel. This was the first signature show on Indian television. This was followed by Fiscal Fitness: The Pritish Nandy Business Show, India s first weekly business show, on Zee TV. Nandy has presented over 500 news and current affairs shows on Doordarshan, Zee TV and Sony TV. He has published a number of poetry books n English and translated poems by other writers from Bengali and Urdu into English.

Or a Bengali from Calcutta? A Bihari? Or a born again Anglophile like Nirad C Chaudhuri? I have no clue. Most Indians are like me, put together by accident.

43 (43) long years, I also lived in Lutyens Delhi. In a charming bungalow just opposite the BJP office on Ashoka Road, eating subsidised meals in Parliament and representing Maharashtra s interests on a Shiv Sena ticket. So am I Mumbaikar? Or a Bengali from Calcutta? A Bihari? Or a born again Anglophile like Nirad C Chaudhuri? I have no clue. Most Indians are like me, put together by accident. That s the magic of being a migrant in your own land, trying to discover yourself through your many identities. My mother s maiden name seemed to suggest that someone in her family in the past had a Muslim connect though her first name was Hindu (or Bengali, depending on how you see it). The only place of worship I ever saw her visit was the St Paul s Cathedral on New Year s eve, more out of convention than faith. My father was born a Hindu and his family home was in Kalighat. His father remarried and chucked them out. My father, his mother and two sisters found themselves on the street trying to fend for themselves when a passing Jesuit took pity on them. He gave them shelter in Bishnupur where he ran a school. The freedom struggle brought my parents together. They married and we three brothers were born. Never did it once strike me what my religion was, which state I belonged to, what my language ought to be, which culture I should fight for. (My adolescent years went in protesting against the Russians invading Czechoslovakia and the Americans, in Vietnam. My Bengali DNA, I guess.) If you look around you, you will find many people like me who in the midst of their many identities, accidentally chanced upon their Indianness. Each of them will swear by their regional culture, the language they speak, the faith they follow or (like me)

44 (44) do not. And, as they wander through all these, and discover themselves, they also discover the magic of being Indian. No, it is not the other way around, as we are being persuaded to believe today. No one is born with a sense of being Indian. No one is born waving a tricolour and singing jana gana mana. We reach there at some stage, in our own grew up in. I am an Indian when I whisper lines from Faiz to my wife. I am an Indian even when I quote Lorca on the lure of a faithless woman. I am an Indian in whatever I choose to be. That is the freedom being Indian gives me. So it may be a good idea on this Independence Day to chuck aside this new fangled faux patriotism and celebrate the very freedom that Being Indian is a process. It cannot be taught. It must be discovered through trial and error. It cannot be enforced through bans and threats. muddled way, trying to understand how this amazing nation has held itself together for so many centuries. Being Indian is not about speaking a particular language even though some of us think so. It is not about the gods we worship or the traditions we have inherited. It is not about some deep patriotic fervour that courses through our veins. In fact, the more you go outside the cities, the less they care what being Indian means. What they understand more are things like caste, dialect, honour, custom. That s what they identify with. I am an Indian when I translate the Isha Upanishad. I am an Indian when I recite Jibanananda Das to my daughters and tell them how he makes me feel proud of the Bengal I defines you and me and every one of us as an Indian. It is this freedom we need to protect. The freedom to be Indian in the way each one of us wants to be. Being Indian is a process. It cannot be taught. It must be discovered through trial and error. It cannot be enforced through bans and threats. The only way we can learn to be Indian is by learning to be free. Freedom is the flag under which we are all born and our utmost concern today should be to protect that freedom. Yes, each one of us is different. And it s this difference that brings us together. As one nation, one people, fighting, squabbling, arguing, struggling to make good. It is this struggle that will keep us together. s^{_phcn P\p-hcn 2016

$(45) ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-Ønse aqey-t_m[w: Hcp "DØ-a- p-dn v ' Fkv.-Un. kxo-i \mb sdsnair@gmail.com kn. DØ-a- p-dp v ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-cw-KØv Hcp "DØ-a- p-dn m'bncp- p.$

45 (45) ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-Ønse aqey-t_m[w: Hcp "DØ-a- p-dn v ' Fkv.-Un. kxo-i \mb sdsnair@gmail.com kn. DØ-a- p-dp v ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-cw-KØv Hcp "DØ-a- p-dn m'bncp- p HIvtSm-_ 11\v B hninjvs-km- n[yw \ap- n-s-bn \n p am p-t]m-bn. F m, At±lw ImØph v ssiam-dnb aqey-t_m[w {]Imiw ]I psim n-cn- p- p. ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-Øn jjvtn-]q Øn-bn-se-Øm Ign A[nIw t]cp- m-hn-, kn. DØ-a- p-dp- n-s\- t m-se sk]v w-_ 19\v Bcw-`n B k]cy acn- p-thmfw XpS p Unkw-_ 3\v amxr-`q-an-bn \n p ]ncn-bp-tºmƒ At±lw AhnsS Atkm-kn-tb v FUn- -dmbn 13 h jw ]n n- n-cp- p. A]q hw Nne ssih-cn- p Adn-hn-\p-a- p-d-ap m\w Ic-K-X-am-bn-cp- Xn\m At±lw DØ-am-Pn-bmbn, Kpcp-hm-bn. amxr-`q-an-bn Ign \mep ]Xn- m- n- \nss Hcmƒ p t]mepw B ssnx-\y-h-ømb kmao]yw A\p-`-h-s -Sm-Xn-cp- n- n-. ae-bmf]{x-ß-fpss apj-{]-kw-k-k-{º-zm-b-øn Hcp kz Ko-b- ssien krjvsn- -Xm-hWw kn. DØ-a- pdp- ns kw`m-h-\-i-fn {][m-\w. `mjm-ip- n, Bi-bhy- -X XpS-ßn-bh At±-l-Øns apj-{]-kw-k-ßsf ani- Xm- n. ht -cn-\m- n hs-t - msv Nn gn ]m n- p- n-b-ωbp-ssbpw FS- -gn-bq ]Xn-tbcn amfn-i-bv Ip -\m-bcp-ssbpw (I-Æ ) ai-\mbn 1933 sk]v w-_ 25-\mWv DØ-a- p-dp v P\n- -Xv. a{zmkv Kh. B Svkv timtf-pn \n v C ao-un-b v Pbn- p. Fd-Wm-Ipfw alm-cm-pmkv timtf-pn-em-bn-cp p _ncp-z-]-t-\w. ]I timtfpv ]T- \hpw cm{xn ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-hp-am-bn- m-bn-cp p A mesø PohnXw sk]v w-_ 19\v sim n-bn Zo\-_- p-hns k_v FUn- -dm-bn- ]{X-{]-h Ø\ PohnXw XpS-ßn Km n kvamci\n[n-bpss {]kn- o-i-cwhn`m-k-øn Akn-Ã v FUn- -dmbn s^{_p-hcn 11\v amxr-`qan sim n bqwn- n k_v FUn- -dmbn tn p. amxr-`q-anbpss sim n, timgn-t m-sv, Xr»q, tim bw ti{μ-ßfn {]h Øn- p hnc-an- p. hm Ø-I-fnse LS- \m-]-c-amb ]ni-ip-iƒ hni-i-e\w snøp amxr-`q-anbnse "snmδm-tzmjw' ]w n Gsd- mew ssiimcyw snbvxp PqWn-emWv At±lw amxr-`q-an-bn BZyapJ- {]-kw-k-sa-gp-xn-b-xv. tkm _-t -hns ImeØp tkmhnb v bqwn-b-\n \S am -ß-sf- p-dn v Fgp-Xnb "P\- lnxw Pbn- p p' F apj-{]-kw-k-øn\v se ap - Øp-h n ]pc-kvimcw e`n- p apj-{]-kw-k-øn- \p am[hhmcy ]pckvim-chpw e`n- p. {]kv C Ãn- yq v Hm^v C ybpss BZy tziob ]{X-{]-h Ø\ ]cn-ioe-\-øn ]s -SpØp ]{X-{]-h Ø-\- søbpw ]{X-hy-h-km-bsØbpw I pw Dƒ kn. DØ-a- p-dp v s m pw Pohn "dnb-enãv' IqSn-bm-bn-cp- p, Ahn-hmln-X-\mb DØ-am-Pn. aqey-t_m[w F Xp ]g- -\mbn XpS-cm-\p "\ymb'ambn At±lw I n-. Ime-Øn-\- \p-k-cn p k{º-zm-b-ßƒ amdp-sa pw At mgpw aqey]cn- K-W-\-Iƒ v A l-amb ÿm\w \ Im Ign-bp-sa pw hniz-kn- p. Hcn- At±lw ]d- p "Rm XpS-ßp-tºmƒ ]{X-{]-h Ø\w tzio-b-hm-z-øn A[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cp- p. C v Aß-s\-b-.' "k p-te-j Hmdn-b Uv' BWv ]{X-ß-sf- mw. CXv Hcp _nkn-\kv IqSn-bm-Wv. ] p P\- ßsf sskuv snøpi F Imcyw IqSn ]{X-ßƒ snbvxn-cp- p. C p sskuv snøp- n F ; ]t, Nne hn p-ho-gvn-iƒ D m-bn-cn- -Ww. ]{X-ßƒ p ]{Xm-[n-]- m {][m-\-a- m-xm-ip p F t]mcmbva Db Øn- m-wn- -s Hcp Ime-ØmWv DØ-am-Pn-bpsS ]{X-{]-h Ø\Pohn-X-Øns kmbm- w. ]t, At±lw ]d- p ""]{Xm[n] m Xs -bmwp ]{X-Øns i n. Ahsc FSpØp ImWn- p- n-s -t bp- q. C pw A`n-{]mbcq]-h-XvI-c-W-Øn ]{Xm-[n- ] p Xs -bmwp apjy-ÿm-\w. GXp hm Ø simsp- -Ww, F n\p {]m[m\yw simsp- Ww F sxms ]{Xm-[n-]-cpsS ImgvN-bn-eq-sStb \S- m-hq. Aß-s\-bmhm ]{Xm-[n-] kss[cyw Xs A`n-{]mbw {]I-Sn- n- -Ww.'' Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv aounb, {]n v aoun-bbv v `oj- Wn-bm-Ip-sa v At±lw hniz-kn- n-cp- n-. ]{X-{]-h Ø-\w, `mj, kaqlw F n-h-bp-ss-sb mw Zni \n W-bn- p- -Xn kn. DØ-a- p-dp v Gsd- mew k{in-b-km n-[y-am-bn-cp- p. sh JZ hkv{xhpw AXns \nd-øn-s\mø XmSnbpw B "D Xio js\' GXv Bƒ q- -Ønepw thdn p \n Øn. kvt\l-]q Wamb s]cp-am- hpw efnxpohn-xhpw At±-lsØ hyxykvx-\m- nsb nepw Hcn- epw kaq-l-øn \n v AI- n-. \ap-s m w Pohn- v Xs I Øhyw \nd-th- n. PohnXw [\y-am- p- Xv Fß-s\-sb p Im n-ø- p. B Hm a-iƒ p- ap-ºn Iq p-ssi. s^{_phcn P\p-hcn

$(46) A m-zan hm Ø-Iƒ aømbn am q-cm - -F.-F. kxy-{h-x A\p-kva-cWskan-\m {]apj]{x-{]-h Ø-I-cm-bn-cp aømbn am q-cm, F.-F. kxy-{h-x F n-hsc ticf aounb A m-z-an-bpss B`n-ap-Jy-Øn A\p-kva-cn p.$ $-]n. tum. sk_m-ãy t]mƒ XpSßn Ht sd {]ap-j ]s -Sp-Øp. tum. sk_m-ãy t]mƒ aømbn am q-cm A\p-kva-cW{]`m-jWw \S-Øn.$

46 (46) A m-zan hm Ø-Iƒ aømbn am q-cm - -F.-F. kxy-{h-x A\p-kva-cWskan-\m {]apj]{x-{]-h Ø-I-cm-bn-cp aømbn am q-cm, F.-F. kxy-{h-x F n-hsc ticf aounb A m-z-an-bpss B`n-ap-Jy-Øn A\p-kva-cn p. tim bw {]kv _v lmfn \S NS-ßn C ^ taj - -]-ªnIv dnte-j kv a{ n si.-kn. tpmk-^v, tpmkv si. amwn Fw.-]n., ticf aounb A m-zan snb am sk Pn B -Wn, ae-bmf at\m-ca FUnt m-dn-b Ubd-IvS txmakv tp -_v, ap Fw.-]n. tum. sk_m-ãy t]mƒ XpSßn Ht sd {]ap-j ]s -Sp-Øp. tum. sk_m-ãy t]mƒ aømbn am q-cm A\p-kva-cW{]`m-jWw \S-Øn. 61 hb- n-\p- n Hcp "sep Um'bn amdnb hy n-xz-am-bn-cp p aømbn am q-cms\ v At±lw A\p-kva-cn- p. [ochpw kmlkn-i-hp-amb PohnXw \bn aømbn am q-cm a{ nbpw cmjv{sobt\xm-hp-sam-s -bm-bn-cp- p. CXn-s\ mw ]pdta am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I-s\ \ne-bnepw kz w hy n-ap-{z- ]-Xn- n- m At±-l-Øn\p Ign- p. ]{Xm-[n-]-sc \nebn am{x-a Ht sd ]{X-{]-h Ø-I-cpsS Kpcpsh \ne-bnepw At±-lw Hm Ωn- -s -ts- - Xp- v. si.- B. NpΩm, si. _me-ir-jvw, si. -Fw. tdmbn, ss\\m XpSßn Ht sd injy At±-l-Øn-\p- m-bn-cp- p. aømbn am q-cms\ ]{X-temIw _lpam-\n- n-cp- Xv ]{Xm-[n-] F \ne-bn-em-bncp- p. Ct±-lØns apj-{]-kwkw hmbn- m th n-bmwv \mep t]pp ticf {]Im-isa ]{Xw F m-hcpw hmßn-bn-cp- -Xv. hmb- \- m-cn A[n-Ihpw sxmgn-em-fn-iƒ sim nbnse t_m v tpmen- m, Sm -bnse sxmgn-emfn-iƒ- F n-ßs\. BsI hmb-\- mcn aqhmbn-c-øn-e-[nihpw sxmgn-em-fn-iƒ. F m CXv sxmgn-em-fn-iƒ p- th- n-bp FUn-t mdn-b-ep-i-fm-bn-cp- n-. {]mk-`w-kn-bp, ASp pw Nn -bp-ap at\m-l-c-amb `mj-bnep FUn-t m-dn-b-ep-iƒ. aømbn am q-cm-s\-t m-sebp ]g-b- X-e-ap-dsb Hm Øp-sIm v "am[y-a-{]-h Ø-\- Ønse ]pø {]h-wx'iƒ t\m n- m- Wm {ian- -Ww. C v ]{Xm-[n-]-cn-eqsS ]{Xßsf Adn- - coxn amdn ]{X{]h Ø- I pw ]{Xm-[n] m p -t]mepw {]m[m- \yan mø coxn-bn-te p am[y-a-temiw amdn-bn-cn- p- p. ]g-b-ime ]{X-{]-h Ø\w \ -Xv, C -tø-xp tamiw F A`n-{]mban. ani te Hu- v, ani aømbn am qcm A\p-kva-cWw ap Fw.-]n. tum. sk_m-ãy t]mƒ F.-F. kxy-{h-x A\p-kva-cWw ae-bmf at\m-ca FUn-t m-dn-b Ub-d-IvS txmakv tp _v t^mt m, {]n nmv Izmfn- n, \ Xe-s - p-iƒ Aßs\ C p ani-hp-iƒ Gsd-bp- v. ]{X-an-d- m h apx ap- S p th n-hcp C m-eøv DS-a-I-fpsS Xm ]cyw {][m-\-ambn hcp- p. ]g-b-im-eøv ]{Xm-[n-]-cmWp ]{Xw \nb-{ n- n-cp- -Xv. ]g-b-x-e-apd ]{X-te-J-I Fß-s\-bmWp aqey-ßƒ Dƒs m ncp -sx v C sø Xe-apd a\- n-em- -Ww. Icm sxmgn-em-fn-ifm \nb-{ n- -s Sp am[ya-temiw F Xp XnI pw FXn -s -ts Imcy-am- Wv. Cu am[ya{]h Ø-I-cn-eq-sS-bmWp \ΩpsS P\- ß-fpsS Adn-bm-\p Ah-Im-ihpw am[y-a-kzm-x- { yhpw kwc- n- -s -ts- -Xv. sxmgn ÿn-c-x-b-n- mø, axn-bmb iº-f-an- mø Hcp am[ya {]h Ø- I Fßs\ aqeym-[n-jvtn-x-amb am[y-a-{]-h Ø\w km[y-am- pw. kwl-sn-x-amb am[y-a-{]-h Ø\w F me-øp-ap- m-ipw. F m hnizm-kyx \ne-\n Øp-IbmWp {][m-\w. tum. sk_m-ãy t]mƒ ]d- p. Htc-k-abw XnI s{]m^-j-w-epw t{suv bqwn-b-\n-ãp-am-bn-cp p F.-F. kxy-{h-x-s\ v

$(47) ae-bmf at\m-ca FUn-t m-dn-b Ub-d-IvS txmakv tp _v A\p-kva-cn- p.$

47 (47) ae-bmf at\m-ca FUn-t m-dn-b Ub-d-IvS txmakv tp _v A\p-kva-cn- p. ]{X-{]-h Ø-\-cw-KØv c p {]apj]{x-ß-fpss Aa-c-Øn-cp v Btcm-Ky-]-c-amsbmcp a cw Rßƒ XΩn-ep- m-bn-cp- p-sh- nepw AXn-\- pdw \ofp Dujva-f-amb kvt\l-_ w \ne- \n Øm-\m-bn. ]{Xw ]pd-øn-d-ßp Hmtcm Znh-khpw kxy-{h-x-t -Xmbn Fs - nepw ]pxp-a-bp- m-ipw. hm Ø-Iƒ Fß-s\-bmWp kxy-\n-te-s -Øp- sx v A pxw Iqdnb \mfp-iƒ D m-bn-cp- p. 15 h jsø ticf {]kv A m-zan C Ãn- yq v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t -j Ub-d-IvS ÿm\w kxy\p kωm- \n- Xv e-[niw am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I-cpsS kulr-zirw-j-e-bm-wv; kvt\l-_-lp-am-\-ß-fm-wv. kxy Gh pw {]nb- -c-\mb A[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp- p. C y-bnse BZysØ {]kv _v Fd-Wm-IpfØv Bcw-`n- p- -Xn\p t\xrxzw \ In-bXv kxy- {h-x-\m-bn-cp- p. tic-f-ønse ]{X{]h ØIkwL- S\ i n-bm Pn- -Xn\p ]n n {]h Øn {]ap-j- \m-bn-cp p kxy-{h-x. ]{X-{]-h Ø-I p th n Ht sd ka-c-ßƒ p t\xrxzw simsp- m kxy F pw ap n-ep- m-bn-cp- p. Xm tpmen snøp ]{X-Øn-\p- th n Bflm -X-tbmsS XnI s{]m^-j-w-embn \ne-sim- p-tºmgpw A\o-Xn-s - Xnsc i_vz-ap-b Øm\pw ka-c-øn\p t\xrxzw \ Im\pw kxy\p Ign- p. {]kv A m-z-an-bpss t\xr-xz-øn {]mtz-in- I-]-{X-{]-h Ø-I -S w Ht sd skan-\m-dp-ifpw ]T-\- m-kp-ifpw \S-Øm kxy-{h-x ap ssisb- Sp-Øp. tic-f-øns hnhn[ taj-e-i-fn \S mkp-iƒ ]{X-{]-h Ø-I v Gsd {]tbm-p-\-{]- Z-am-bn-cp- p-sh v txmakv tp _v ]d- p. A\p-kva-cWskan-\m-dn ticf aounb A m-zan snb am sk Pn B Wn A[y yw hln- p. sk{i- dn F.-F. l nw kzmk-xhpw Akn. sk{i- dn si.-b. {]tamzv Ipam \μnbpw ]d- p. apxn am[y-a-{]-h Ø-I sndpic kæn eqt mkv Biwkt\ p. am[y-ata-j-e-bnse sxmgn {]-Xn-k n ]cn-l-cn- m Iq mb {iaw thww: a{ n si.-kn. tpmk^v ticf aounb A m-z-an-bpss 2014 se am[ya Ahm Uv hnx-cwtøms-\p-_- n v \S ktω-f\w tim bw {]kv v lmfn C ^ ta-j ]ªnIv dnte-j kv hip- p -a{ n si.-kn. tpmk^v D LmS\w snøp- p. am[yatemiønse sxmgn {]Xn-k n ]cnl-cn- m Iq m-b -{iaw thw-sa v C ^ ta-j ]ªnIv dnte-j kv hip p a{ n si.-kn. tpmk-^v. ticf aounb A m-z-an-bpss 2014-se am[ya Ahm Uv hnx-cww tim bw {]kv v lmfn \n h-ln- p-ibm-bn-cp p At±-lw. thpv t_m Uv \nb-a-ßƒ ]men- msx am[ya {]h Ø-Isc Icm ASn-ÿm-\-Øn Zo L-Imew tpmen snøn- p- Xv Ac- n-xm-h-ÿbpw {]Xn-k- nbpw krjvsn- p-sa v kao-]-ime kw`-h-ßƒ DZml-cn v At±lw hy -am- n. timsxn dnt m nmv t]mse Kuc-h-ap hm Ø-Iƒ t]mepw `mh-\bv \p-k-cn v Nne am[y-a-ß-sf- nepw hf-s m-sn- p- p- v. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns hf bv p hna i\w A\n-hmcy-am-Wv. F m AXp hkvxp-\n-jvthpw kxy-k- - hp-am-bn-cn- -Ww. AP- -Iƒ ap Iq n Xocp-am-\n- -s - Sp-tºmƒ C m-xm-ip- Xp am[y-a-[ Ω-amWv At±lw ]d- p. \njv]- -amb am[y-a-{]-h Ø\w P\-a-\- p-ifn F pw \ne-\n p-sa v NS-ßn A[y- X hln h\w KXm-KX hip p a{ n Xncp-h- q cm[m- Ir-jvW ]d- p. Xncp-Ømt\m Xncn-s -Sp- mt\m Ign-bmØ t{_ nmv \yqkp-i-fpss ImeØv hm Ø- Iƒ kxy-k- -a-s - n am[ya{]h Ø-\-Øns hnizm-kyx Xs kaqlw tnmzyw snøpw. ]gb Xeap-d-bnse am[ya {]h Ø-I-cpsS A x-kø Dƒs m- m ]pxnb Xe-apd {ian- Ww At±lw ]d- p. ani Zriy-am-[ya{]h Ø-\-Øn\p A m-zan Ahm Uv "Rßƒ pw B i ' F ]c-ºc dnt m v snbvx Gjym-s\ v \yqkv No^v dnt m ]n.-b. {]ho-wbpw ani t^mt m-{k-^n- p A m-zan Ahm Uv "\ap v Cß-s\-sbm pw BIm-Xn-cn mw' F ASn- p-dn-t mss amxr-`q-an-bn {]kn- o-i-cn

$(48) Nn{X-Øn\v ko\n-b t^mt m-{km-^ _npp h Kokpw G phmßn. ani FUn-t m-dn-b-en-\p hn. Icp-Wm-I-c \ºym Ahm Uv "hm Iyw `mc-am-ip-tºmƒ' F apj-{]-kw-k-øn\v N{μnI ko\n-b k_v FUn- F.- ]n.$

48 (48) Nn{X-Øn\v ko\n-b t^mt m-{km-^ _npp h Kokpw G phmßn. ani FUn-t m-dn-b-en-\p hn. Icp-Wm-I-c \ºym Ahm Uv "hm Iyw `mc-am-ip-tºmƒ' F apj-{]-kw-k-øn\v N{μnI ko\n-b k_v FUn- F.- ]n. Ckvam-bnepw ani At\z-j-Wm-flI dnt m nßn-\p snmδc ]c-ta-iz-c Ahm Uv "sk{i-t -dnb v hf-cp- p, `cww Xf-cp p' F tej\]c-ºcbv v amxr-`qan No^v dnt m Fkv.-F. Pb-{]- Imipw G p-hm-ßn. Zo]nI No^v dnt m tpm k thß-øsw "BImiw sxm kz]v\w' F ^o -dn\p ani lyqa C -dãv tãmdn- p F.-F. kxy-{h- X Ahm Upw awkfw Nhd tej-i hn. kptc- {μ ]n "sifw-fw-f Iº-\nbpw hnjw izkn- m hn[n- -s - -hcpw' F ]c-º-cbv v ani {]mtz-initej-i-\p tum. aq q \mcm-b- W Ahm Upw kzoi-cn- p. tpmkv si. amwn Fw]n apjym-xn-yn-bm-bncp p. A m-zan snb am sk Pn B -Wn, sk{i- dn F.-F. l nw, {]kv _v {]kn-u v Fkv. at\m-pv, sk{i- dn jmep amxyp F n-h {]kw-kn- p. Ahm Uv tpxm- sf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn v Fkv.-F-. Pb-{]-Imiv kwkm-cn- p. C Ãn- yq v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t -j _m ns k Zv Zm\w ticf aounb A m-zan C Ãn- yq v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t -j\nse _m ns k Zv Zm\w kwÿm\ k m-cn-s - ]Ømw iºf IΩo-j snb am PÃnkv kn.-f. cma-n-{μ \mb \n h-ln- p. A m-zan snb am sk Pn- B Wn A[y- X hln- p. tum. Fw. eoem-hxn `{Z-Zo]w simfpøn. A m-zan sk{i- dn F.- F. l nw, C Ãn- yq v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t j Ub-d-IvS Fw. cma-n-{μ, A m-zan Akn. sk{i- dn si.-b. {]tam-zv Ip-am, A[ym-]-I-cmb si. tla-e-x, si. APn-Xv, Fw.-Pn. _npp, F. I\-I-e van F n-h kwkm-cn- p. H mw dm p-im-cmb cxojv hn.-sn., \nanj Fw.-F., anyp Fkv F n-h p ticf aounb A m-zan Imjv Ahm Upw c mw dm p- Im-cmb Im ØnI _n.-]n., Ah-\oXv hnjvwp Fkv, Im ØnIv Sn.-Fw. F n-h v Fw.-F. inhcm-a \mb satωm-dn-b Imjv Ahm Upw \ In. ]n.-f-kv. tpm satωm-dn-b Imjv Ahm Uv aq mw dm p-im-cmb Aa si.-b, AJn Fw.-sI, AJn-e{io sp. F n-h p kωm-\n- p. cxojv hn.-sn, anyp tpmkv F n-h v tum. kn.-]n. tat\m kvamci Imjv Ahm Upw ticf aounb A m-zan C Ãn- yq v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t -j _m ns k Zv Zm\w ]Ømw iºf IΩo-j snb am PÃnkv kn.-f. cma-n-{μ \mb \n h-ln- p- p. Im ØnI _n.-]n. v Ipdq \oe-i-wvt \ºq-Xn-cn- msv kvamci Imjv Ahm Upw kωm-\n- p. ani hnzym n-iƒ p Sn.-sI.Pn \mb kvamci Imjv Ahm Uv s\man-\n tpmkv, {iojva hn.-fw., \nyn Zmkv Sn.-hn. F n-h p \ In _m nse tp W-enkw B v Iayq-Wn-t -j, ]ªnIv dnte-j kv B v AUz ssskn-mv, Sn.-hn. tp W-en-kw, hountbm FUn- nmv timgvkp-i-fnse 106 hnzym n-i-fmwp k n-^n- - p-iƒ G p-hm-ßnb-xv. aounb A m-z-an-bn dn -ªn-IvZn\w BtLm-jn p cmpy-øns Adp-]Øn Ggm-aXv dn -ªn- m-tlm-j-øns `mk-ambn ticf aounb A m-z-an-bn sk{i- dn F.-F. l nw tziob ]Xm-I-bp-b Øn. A m-zan C Ãn- yq v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t -j Ub-d- IvS Fw. cma-n-{μ, Akn-Ã v sk{i- dn si.-b. {]tam-zv Ip-am, A[ym-]-I, am[ya hnzym Yn-Iƒ, A m-zan Ãm^w-K-ßƒ F n-h ]s -Sp-Øp. Zn\m-tLm-j-Øns `mk-ambn \S-Ønb tzi-` n Km\m-em-]-\-a kcw snb am sk Pn B Wn DZvLm-S\w snbvxp. C Ãn- yq v Hm^v Iayq-Wn-t -j hnzym n-i-fmb an p hn.-sn., icxv iin, tal Ac-hnμv F n-h H pw c pw aq pw ÿm\w t\sn.

(49) A m-zan hm Ø-Iƒ (49) New Books @ Academy Library Bookshelf LEARNING THROUGH THEATRE : The changing face of theatre in education (3rd edition) By JACKSON, ANTHONY VINE, CHRIS Published by:

00 [In the two decades since the publication of the second edition, Learning Through Theatre has further established itself as an indispensable resource for scholars, practitioners and educators

49 (49) A m-zan hm Ø-Iƒ (49) New Academy Library Bookshelf LEARNING THROUGH THEATRE : The changing face of theatre in education (3rd edition) By JACKSON, ANTHONY VINE, CHRIS Published by: Routledge (London ; New York) 3rd Ed. Description: 335pages Price : [In the two decades since the publication of the second edition, Learning Through Theatre has further established itself as an indispensable resource for scholars, practitioners and educators interested in the complex interrelations between teaching and learning, the performing arts, and society at large. Theatre in Education (TIE) has consistently been at the cutting edge of the ever-growing field of Applied Theatre; this comprehensively revised new edition makes an international case for why, and how, it will continue to shape ways in which the participatory arts contribute to the learning of young people (and increasingly, adults) in the 21st century. Drawing on the experiences and insights of theorists and practitioners from across the world, Learning Through Theatre shows how theatre can, and does, promote: participatory engagement; the use of innovative theatrical form; work with young people and adults in a range of educational settings; and social and personal change. Now transatlantically edited by Anthony Jackson and Chris Vine, Learning Through Theatre offers exhilarating new reflections on the book s original aim: to define, describe and debate the salient features, and wider political context, of one of the most important and radical developments in contemporary theatre. This title charts the development of theatre in education, identifying its strengths and providing vivid and illuminating accounts of its practice around the world. In the two decades since the publication of the second edition of Learning Through Theatre, it has further established itself as an indispensable resource for scholars, practitioners and educators interested in the complex interrelations between teaching and learning, the performing arts, and society at large. Theatre in Education (TIE) has consistently been at the cutting edge of the ever-growing field of Applied Theatre; this comprehensively revised new edition makes an international case for why, and how, it will continue to define how the participatory arts contribute to the learning of young people (and increasingly, adults) in the 21st century. Drawing on the experiences and insights of theorists and practitioners from across the world, this book shows how theatre can, and does, promote: participatory engagement; the use of innovative theatrical form; work with young people in a range of educational settings; and social and personal change.] Glossary of Terms for Media Persons By Prof Mrinal Chatterjee Publisher- Sephali Communication- 1st Ed. Description: 207pages Price : [ A must have book for all students of mass communication, media professionals, research scholars and all those people who want to have a tap on the words used in day-to-day affairs of journalism. The book has been written by Prof Mrinal Chatterjee, Head of Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Dhenkanal. Prof Chatterjee is a well known author, academician and professional media trainer who has put all his experience over three decades in media to chronicle the development of journalism in Odisha for the first time. Prof Chatterjee is also known for his stories and novels in Odia. He has written several story books, novels, books on journalism. He is also a popular writer of radio plays.]

$(50) temiw I hc A t±iob am[yacwksø {]ikvxamb Im qwpiƒ ]cnnbs SpØpIbmWv Cu ]w nbn. amxr`qan Im qwnãmb tkm]oirjvw\mwv Ch Xncs SpØv AhXcn n p Xv.$ $1977 apx hnhn-[- am-[y-a-ß-fn Im q-wn- Ãmbn {]h Øn- p tuhn-s Im q-wp-iƒ {][m-\- ambpw Ncn-{X-kw-`-h-ß-sfbpw B\p-Im-en-I-kw-`-h-ßsfbpw XΩn \ Ω-Øns Nc-Sn tim Øn-W- p- h-bm-wv.$

50 (50) temiw I hc A t±iob am[yacwksø {]ikvxamb Im qwpiƒ ]cnnbs SpØpIbmWv Cu ]w nbn. amxr`qan Im qwnãmb tkm]oirjvw\mwv Ch Xncs SpØv AhXcn n p Xv. tuhv {K e v Ata-cn- -bnsebpw bqtdm- n-sebpw {]apj am[y-ßfn Im q-wn-ãmb tuhv {K e mwv Cu Im qwns cn-bn-xm-hv apx hnhn-[- am-[y-a-ß-fn Im q-wn- Ãmbn {]h Øn- p tuhn-s Im q-wp-iƒ {][m-\- ambpw Ncn-{X-kw-`-h-ß-sfbpw B\p-Im-en-I-kw-`-h-ßsfbpw XΩn \ Ω-Øns Nc-Sn tim Øn-W- p- h-bm-wv. ]pen- v-k ]pc-kvim-c-øn\v \nc-h[n XhW \ma- \n t±iw snø-s - n- p- v. tkm]oirjvws C sabn : cartoonistgopikrishnan@gmail.com Printed and Published by A. Abdul Hakkim, Secretary, Kerala Media Academy, Published from Kerala Media Academy, Kakkanad, Kochi ; Printed at Sterling Print House Pvt Ltd, Edappally; Editor: Sergy Antony

$(51) 2012 ]pen- vk ]pc-kvim-c-øn\v A l-amb Nn{Xw Nmth B{I-a-W-Øn NnX-dn-sØ-dn ico-c-ßƒ pw tnmcbv p-an-s-bn \n v Ae-dn- -c-bp ssdm\ AIv_mcn F ]{ - p-imcn.$

51 (51) 2012 ]pen- vk ]pc-kvim-c-øn\v A l-amb Nn{Xw Nmth B{I-a-W-Øn NnX-dn-sØ-dn ico-c-ßƒ pw tnmcbv p-an-s-bn \n v Ae-dn- -c-bp ssdm\ AIv_mcn F ]{ - p-imcn. B{I-aWw \S \nan-j-ßƒ p- n Ic-f-en-bn- p Cu Nn{Xw Iyma-d-bn ]I Øn-bXv A^vKm- \n-ÿm-\nse Im_qfn {]h Øn- p GP vkv {^m kns t^mt m-{km-^dmb akq±v slmssk-\n-bm-wv. t{_ nmv \yqkv t^mt m-{k^n hn`m-k-ønse ]pen- vk ]pc-kvim-c-øn\v Cu Nn{Xw A l-am-bn-cp- p. akq±v slmssk-\n

52 (52) Media Monthly February 2016 `20/- RNI Reg No. KERBIL/2000/01676

C ybn thcpd- n- p ^mkn-ãv kºzvhyhÿ

\nco- Ww [ C-Xv A-k-ln-jv-Wp-X-bp-sS cq-]-øn-epw A-{I-a-Øn-s cq-]-øn-epw {]-Xn-^-en- mw [ t\m v \ntcm-[\w, Pn.-F-kv.Sn, \oxn BtbmKv C ybn thcpd- n- p ^mkn-ãv kºzvhyhÿ ^m-kn-ãv A[n-Imchyhÿ `-c-w-iq-s-øn-s