Welcome to the Leader of the Faithful

Transcription

1 Welcome to the Leader of the Faithful With the poet we sing- O, Spring, visit our land in this Season of Winter with all your flowers of variegated hues and sweet fragance and strew them in the path of our beloved one as he sets foot on the ground sacred to us: A decade and a half has passed since the holy presence of Khalifathul Masih IV was felt by the sacred homeland of the Mahdi Masih. Ever since then we have been in ardent expectation of the Second Coming of the present Ameer-ul- Mu mineen Khalifathul Masih V. Allah, in His unbounded grace and mercy has let it happen to us once again. Both at the end and the beginning of the centuries twine the irresistible stream of Divine beneficence has flowed in to our motherland with the glorious promise of deliverance. May the Most Merciful will it so that Hazrath Mirza Masroor Ahmad s message of peace and goodwill among men of different faiths and pursuits deliver this country from the gruesome clutches of terrorism and all brands of extremism. May He will it so that the glory of true Islam as a religion of peace and tolerance dawn upon this sub-continent once and for all. If the Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? asked the poet and our answer is, the Spring is here in the holy person of Hazrath Mirza Masroor Ahmad, Khalifathul Masih V as he sets foot on our beloved land. May Allah, shower His unfold blessings on His true servant and enable him to carry out the tasks set on the divine track. Ameen. Nazim, Majlis Ansarullah Subai, Kerala.

2 hn j b hn h cw amkni Hcp A kmdp m {]kn- o-i-cww FUn- C Nm Pv: Fw. \mkn AlvaZv Unkw-_ P\p-hcn 1180 hr niw [\p Zp JAvZv Zp l v h^ølv kp lv BapJw am\-h-cm-in-bpss Imh m-c\v kzmkxw... 4 bpk-\mzw BZy ktω-f\ hnfw-_cw... 5 lkvdøv an km Kpemw Al-vaZv (A) hnip Jp -B kqd-øp lnpv x A w hymjym\w... 6 ka-im-eniw \ΩpsS ktω-f\w l p-t]mse... 9 lkvdøv an km _io-dp-±o alv-aqzv Alv-aZv (d) JpXzv_ AXn-Yn-I-fpsS IS-a-Iƒ ]pkvxiw 5 e w 6 hne 10 cq] SATHYAMITHRAM ANSARULLAH PUBLICATION Printed and Published by Majlis Ansarullah State Committee,Kerala at BRB Offset Printers & Publishers Thavakkara, Kannur-17. Ph: and Edited by M. Nasir Ahmad Manager: Muhammed Salim, Kannur Ph: tej\w lkvdøv an km akv-dq Alv-aZv (A-ø-Z-lp) `qi-º-ß-fp-ss-ta `qiºw ap\o Alva-Zv, JmZnw JmZn-bm, Zmdp Aam...18 auehn \mkn AlvaZv bqkp^v \_n(-a)s sfxn-lm-kn-i-amb IY F.-Iyp. alvzn sszhhpw Ahs kn^-øp-ifpw F. A p dlnw P\m-k-Km-bn_v \nkvimcw apl-ωzv Ckvam-bo F v.-f. hkn-øøv snbvx-h, hm Ø-Iƒ, Adn-bn- p-iƒ, Postal Address : Editor/Manager Sathyamithram bymonthly Ahmadiyya Muslim Complex, Fort Road Kannur-1 ap-j-nn{xw : lkvdøv an km akvdq AlvaZv

3 BapJw B[p\nIbpK-Øn Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øn-eqsS BtKm-f-k-aq-l-Øn\v sszhn-i-{]` FØn- p alm-]p-cp-j\v kzmk-xw. Ncn-{X-Øns Xmfp-I-fn BZn-a-kw-kvIm-c-Øns \n[n-t]-s-i-ambn Adn-b-s -Sp al-ømb cmpyamwv \Ωp-tS-Xv. hmkvzø alvzo ako-lns P\\wsIm v ]hn-{x-amb aæn-te- mwv hmkvzø alvzo ako-lns IpSpw-_-]-c-º-c-bnse Cfw-X-e-ap-d-bn \n pw Jnem-^-Øns A\p-{Kl-hp-ambn bpk]p-cp-j-s\-øn-t -cp- -Xv. C ym D]-`q-Jfiw im n-bp-tsbpw kam-[m-\-øn-t bpw kar- -`q-an-bmbn temi-a-\- m- n-bn Ipfn sx- hoinb ]gbimew Htcm Ω-sØ- mbn \ΩpsS apºn-ep- v. At\Iw \Zn-Iƒ tn v Hcp kap-{z-ambnøocp- -Xp-t]mse \m\m-xz-øn GIXzw {]Jym-]n Hcp kwkvim-csø \ΩpsS a\- ns ASn-hm-cØn \mw Xmtem-en- p- p- v. hnhn[ ax-߃ ]c-kv]cw Ie-ln- m-sx, H m-bn- \n v Adn pw BZ-cn pw apt m- p-t]m-b-xns {]m \kvarxn \ΩpsS \mz-xmf hn]- n-i-bn \mw Bkz-Zn- n- p-ap v. ]t, h Ø-am-\-Imew Hcp Xos]m- -temss am{xta \ap v A\p-`-hn- m Ign-bq. `oi-c-hm-z- Øns Igp-I \J-߃ apdn- m-sp-iƒ kr n- \msv, Ahn-` `mcxw C y-bm-hs ]m n-ÿm-\mhs kam-[m\w \ -s v hnlz-e-am-b-xns timwn-a-bn Ie Nn{Xw \sω th -bm-sp- p. `qiºw XI Ø-\m-Sns knc-iƒ HSp-ßmØ thz-\-bpss {]`-h-ti-{µ-am-bxv \mw Adn-bp- p. aæn- -Sn-bnemb 4 am\-h-cm-in-bpss Imh m-c\v kzmkxw P\-]-Z߃ Nn n- n-x-dnb Ifn- m- -߃ t]mse InS- p- p. ]Ibpw hntzz-jhpw Bbn-cw-X-e-bp Imfn-b-s\-t]mse hnj-pzm-e-iƒ Db Øp- p. A - sø A w t\sm hymip-e-s -Sp a\p-jy ]cn-`-h-ß-fpss then-tb- -Øn c -In- msx Dg-ep- p. \ -bp-tsbpw km m -ni-x-bp-tsbpw hmxn-ep-iƒ AS- p-in-s- p- p. D]-t`mK kwkvim-c-øns hn{`m-a-e-l-cn-bn, ico-c-`m-j-bpss \ -X-bn, snip-øm \mk-cn-i-x-bpss ae-sh- - m- n-en kzbw \ -s -Sp Hcp P\-X-bpsS hnf Ø\ng-ep-Iƒ ChnsS shdpw ImgvN-I-fmbn \ΩpsS IÆp-Isf a fn- n- p- p. Cu hnj-a-k- n-bn Xulo-Zns Aa-c-i w tiƒ n- m, im n-bp-tsbpw kam-[m-\-øn-t bpw kulr-z-øn-t bpw kmtlm-z-cy-øn-t bpw ktµ-i-hp-ambn, [m Ωn-I-X-bpsS {]Nm-c-I-\mbn Ckvemw Alva-ZnøØns Jeo^ lkvdøv an km akvdq AlvaZv FØn-t -cp- p. Cdm-Jn P\n- pho-gp Ip n-t]mepw txm n-t bpw t_mw_n-t bpw ih-zm-l-øn sh v Xocp-tºmƒ, A^vLm-\nÿm-\n \n pw Xmen-_ms c -s mxn \njvi-f- -\mb Hcp tic-fo-b -bp-hm-hns\ Igp-Ø-dpØv sim p-tºmƒ bym Ckvem-ans\ {]Xn-\n-[m\w snbvxv Jn-em^-Øns t\xrxzw sfiy-øns am{ n- -I-X-bn-ems-W- -cpƒ snbv- -Xv, `oi-c-xbp-ss Im m-føw Ckvem-an-\-\y-am-sW- m-lzm\w snbvxv AlvaZnøm kmcyn C y-bn, AsX im n-bpss Hm Ω-Xo-c-sØ-Øp- p. B j-kw-kvim-c-øns {]`mh-imeøv temiwi ax-k-a-\z-b-øn Snh-c-bn v kvt\l-km-k-cx-ocøv km z-\-hp-ambn C y-bnse P\-ß-tfmSv sfiyzm Vyw {]Jym-]n- m am\-hn-i-x-bpss \ -{X-tim` h -W-bp- p. ]pxnb bpk-øn Xulo-Zn-t bpw kvt\l-øn-t bpw kam-[m-\-ønt bpw im- n-b-ptsbpw kmtlm- Z-cy-Øn-t bpw lrzbw t]dp am\-h-cm-in-bpss Imh m-c\v R߃ tnmc-sxm-sp a\-t mss kzmkxw Biw-kn- p p.- kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 224

4 bpk-\mzw BZy-ktΩ-f\hn-fw-_cw lkvdøv hmkvzø alvzo ako-lv(-a) _bvaøv snøp- -Xns Dt±iyw `uxn-i-x-tbm-sp AXym-k n XWp- p-ibpw A m-lp-hnt\mspw Ahs dkq-en-t\m-sp-ap kvt\lw lrz-b-øn B[n-]Xyw ÿm]n- p-ibpw ]c-tem-i-bm-{xtbmsv shdp v txm mø Hcp ÿnxn-hn-tijw kwpm-x-am-hp-ibpw snøpi F -Xm-Wv. Fs ssibn _bv-aøv snbvxn- p Bfl-k-tlm-Z-c-߃ C mcyw a\- n-em- n-bn-cn- -Ww. B e y-{]m-]vxn- mbn H w h v Xma-kn-t - Xpw Bbp- ns Hcp-`mKw Cu am -Øn sne-h-gn-t - Xpw AXy- m-t]- n-x-am-ip- p. A mlp C n- m, ZrV-]-c-amb AS-bm-f-ß-sf-s - nepw ImWm\pw Aßs\ I Ω-]-c-amb Zp -e-xbpw hnizm-k-]-c-amb _e-lo-\-xbpw Bflo-b-amb i n- -bhpw hn -I v ]cn-]q Æ hnizmkw ssih-cn v khn-ti-j-\n-e-bn-ep Xmev]-cyhpw D m-lhpw kvt\lm-th-ihpw kn n- m\pw th n-bm-wn-xv. C m-cy-øn Ft mgpw {i n-t - Xpw sszh-ir-]-bp- m-ip- -Xn\pw th n ]cn-{i-an-t - -Xp-am- Wv. Cu ÿm\w Ic-ÿ-am-Ip- -Xp-hsc CS-bv nss H w-h v Xma-kn- p-i-xs thww. ImcWw, _bv- AØv snbvxv Pam-A-Øn {]th-in- n v IqSn- mgvn v Iº-ap- m-ip- n-s - n Aß-s\-bp _bv- AØv ASn-apSn \n -ehpw shdp-samcp k{º-zm-b-sa \ne-bn-ep- -Xp-am-bn-cn- pw. F m, imco-cn-i- o-whpw kmº-øn-i-tijn- p-dhpw Zo L-Zq-c-bm-{XbpwsIm v H w h v Xma-kn- m\pw As - n h j-øn c p-aq v XhW _p n-ap n ChnsS hcmt\m F m-h pw km[n p F p-h-cn-. CXn- \mbn henb henb _p n-ap- p-ifpw srcp- -ßfpw AXyp- m-l-tømss hln- m-\p hmrvo an lr-z-b-ß-fnepw i n-{]m-]n- n- n-s - mwv AXn\v Imc-Ww. AXp-sIm v Bfl-kp-lr-Øp- -fmb F mhcpw A mlp C n- m Ah v Btcm-Kyhpw Hgnhpw Ds - n, a v XS- -ß-sfm- p-an-s - n \n nx Xnø-Xn-I-fn ]s -Sp- pw-hn[w h j-øn aq p-zn-hkw P k-bv mbn AYhm ktω-f-\-øn-\mbn \n -bn- p- Xv DNn-X-am-bn-cn- p-sa v Rm Icp-Xp- p. Fs A`n-{]m-b-Øn B XnøXn Unkw-_ 27 apx 29 hsc BIp- -XmWv DØ-aw. C v Ign v \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn Unkw-_ 27 kam-k-x-ambm km[n- p F m ktlm-z-c-ßfpw A m-lp-hn-\p-th- n, sszhn-i-im-cy-߃ {ihn- m\pw ZpBbn `mk-`m- m-im\pw Cu Xnø-Xn-I-fn ChnsS FØn-t -tc- -Xm-Wv. Cu P k-bn ZrV-hn-izm-k-Øn\pw Znhy- m-\-øn\pw Icp-Øp-]-I-cp- -Xn\v Bh-iy-amb XtØzm- Zvt_m-[-\hpw B ym-fln-i- m-\hpw tiƒ n- m-\p kwhn-[m-\hpw D m- n-bn-cn- p- p. CØcw kvt\ln-x p-th n {]txy-in v ZpB snøp- Xpw Ahsc {]txyiw {i n- p- -Xp-am-Wv. A mlp X n-te v Ahsc hen- -Sp- n- p- -Xn\pw Xt -Xmbn kzoi-cn- p- -Xn\pw ]cn-ip- -amb am w Ah-cnep- m- p- -Xn\pw th n ]c-a-im-cp-wn-i-\mb Ahs Xncp-k- n-[n-bn ]cn-{i-a\nc-x-\m-bncn- p-w. Hmtcm h jhpw Pam-A-Øn- {]th-in- p- -h-cpss apjw Z in- m\pw Aßs\ ]c-kv]cw Xncn- dn v _ w A`n-hr- n-s -Sp-Øm\pw km[n- psa -Xv Cu P k-sim- p Hcp {]tbm-p-\-amwv. Cu Ime-b-f-hn Zp -bm-hn-t\msv hns-]-d- p-t]m-ip \ΩpsS ktlm-z-c-ß-fpss akv^n-d-øn-\pth n P k-bpss Ah-k-c-ß-fn {]m n- p- -Xm-bn-cn- pw. F m ktlm-z-c-ß-tfbpw Bflo-bamb \ne-bn GtIm-]n- n- p- -Xn\pw ipjvi-xbpw A]-cn-Nn-X-Xzhpw I]-S-Xbpw Ah-cp-sS-bn-S-bn \n v \n Ωm \w snøp- -Xn-\p-wth n ]cn-{i-an- p- -Xp-am-Wv. Cu Bflo-b-]-c-º-c-bn a v _lp-apj ^e-ßfpw {]tbm-p-\ßfpw D m-bn-cn- pw. AXv kµ t`m-nnxw shfn-s - p-sim- n-cn- p-ibpw snøpw. kmº-øn-i-tijn Ipd- -h P k-bn ]s -Sp- p- -Xn\v aps m-cp w \S-Øp- Xv KpW-I-c-am- Wv. bp n-tbmspw, anx-amb \ne-bn sne-h-gn pw hcp-am-\-øns sndn-sbm-cwiw bm{xm-sn-e-hn-\mbn Hmtcm Znh-ktam amktam kzcp- q- n-sh- m {]bmkw IqSmsX bm{xm-sn-ehv ]cn- -lcn- m Ign-bpw. Aßs\ Cu bm{x kup-\y-ambn A\p-`-h-s -Sp- -Xm-Wv. lrz-bm-fl\m Dd- -Xo-cp-am-\-tØmsS, \n nx Xnø-Xn-I-fn \S- p Cu P k-bn ]s -Sp- m k - -cmb Cu ktlm-z-c-߃ hcm-s\m- mø \n _- -km-l-n-cyap mbm-sem-gnsi Ah-cpsS t]cp- Iƒ {]txy-i-ambn cpn-ã-dn tcj-s -Sp-Øp- -Xn\v Ct mƒxs F\n v \evip- -Xm-bn-cn pw DØ-aw Unkw-_ 27 BIp Ct -Zn-hkw Zo\o-]-c-amb IqSn-bm-tem-N-\- mbn tbmkw kwlsn nt]pv kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 5

5 hnip Jp -B kqd-øp lnpv (a- -bnâ Ah-X-cn A²ym-bw) A w, hymjym\w (Xp-S ) 15:17 ""\mw BIm-iØv ]e cmin-isf G s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw \mw Ahsb ImWn- Iƒ v Aew-Ir-X-am- p-ibpw snbvxn-cn- p- p.'' ]Zm w ]Zm w Xo -bmbpw \mw G s -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p- p BIm-i-Øn cminisf Ahsb \mw Ae- -cn- p-ibpw snbvxp ImWn-Iƒ v 15:18 ""hnc- -s F m ]nim-nn \n pw \mw Ahsb kpc- n-x-am- p-ibpw snbvxn-cn- p p.'' Ahsb \mw kpc- n-x-am- p-ibpw snbvxp F m ]nim-nn \n pw hnc- -s 15:19 ""]t h -h\pw Hfn- p-tiƒ p- -Xm-bm At mƒ Ahs\ Hcp {]Imin- p XoP zme ]n ]- p- -XmWv.'' ]Zm w hymjym\w Hfn p {iaw \S-Ønbhs\m-gnsI tiƒ m At mƒ Ahs\ ]n p-scpw XoPzme (D - -sn-t m ) {]Im-in- p `uxn-i-hy-h-ÿn-xnbpw Bflo-b-hy-h-ÿn- Xnbpw XΩn i -amb Xpey-Xbpw cq]-km-zriyhpw hnip- -Jp -B ]d-bp- p- v. Bflob-tem-IsØ a\- n-em- n-ø-cp- -Xn-\mbn kqcy\pw N{µ\pw \ -{X-ßfpw Ah-bpsS \nb- { -W-߃ -Xo-X-am-Wv. CXp-Xs bmwv Bflo-b-amb temiøns Ah-ÿ-bpw. \_n-am-cp-tsbpw Ah-cpsS ]cn-]q Æ A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-tS-bpw-ta ibvxzms Hcp \nb-{ -Whpw \S- p-i-bn-. as mcp ÿeøv Jp - B ]d-bp p: C C_mZo ebvk-e Aebvlnw kp Xzm. ]cn-]q Æ-cmb Fs Zmk-cp-sS-ta \ns Hcp kzm[o-\hpw A[n-Im-chpw \S- p-i-bn-. `uxn-im-imiw Cd- n-bn- p A\p-{K-l-ß-fn ibvxzm\v Hcp \nb-{ -Whpw C m-ø-xp-t]m-se-x-s, {]Im-iw, Im v XpS-ßnb `uxn-i-i- ni-fn XS- -ap- m- m Ah\v km[n- m-ø-xp-t]m-se-xs Bflobm-Im-i-Ønepw AXm-bXv \_n-am aptj\ shfn-s]- Sp A\p-{K-l-ß-fnepw sszhn-i-h-n-\-ßfnepw Znhy- Zr- m- -ß-fnepw Znhy-A-S-bm-f-ß-fnepw ibvxzm\v Hcp \nb-{ -Whpw D m- m Ign-bp-I-bn-. A m-lp-x- Be Bflo-b-amb BIm-isØ AXm-bXv \_n-amtcbpw Ah-cpsS {]`m-h-ßtfbpw ]cn-]q Æ-amb\nebn kmøm-\n-i-amb ssii-s-ø-ep-i-fn \n v ]cnip- -am- n-bn-cn- p- p. CXv C m \lv\p \ \- ±nivd h C m -elq elm-^n-fq F -Xns hymjym\w ]d- n-cn- p-i-bm-wv. Cu Jp -B-\nIhN\w \ne-hn-encn-s -Øs lkvdøv Cukmbpw At±-l-Øns amxmhv a bhp-a- msx a mcpw \_n-bm-sw- n t]m-epw ibvxzms kv] i-\-øn \n v ]cn-ip- -c-s hnizm-k-øn apkvenw-iƒ Dd- p-hn-iz-kn- p- p. hmkvx-h-øn A mlp Cu hn-\-øn Bflo-bamb BIm-i-Øns kpc- n-x-xz-sø- p-dn- mwv ]dbp- -Xv. CXn BZw apx dkq I-cow(-k)hscbp F m \_n-amcpw Ah-cpsS ]cn-]q Æ A\pbm-bn-Ifpw Dƒs -Sp- p. CXn-\p-tijw ]d-bp p: "C m a\n-kvx-d-j- w-a' AtX. Bsc- nepw ti p-tiƒhn-bn-ep Imcyw tam n-s -Sp-Øm Ah-\n inlm-_p ap-_o AYhm {]Imin- p XoPzme hogp- -Xm-Wv. ChnsS BIm-ihpw kuc-hyq-lhpw D]a F -\n-e-bn hnhcn- -s - n-cn- p-i-bm-sw v Cu hn\w hy -ambpw shfn-s -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p-i-bm-wv. A msx `uxn-i-amb 6 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 226

6 hyh-ÿn-xn-b Dt±-iyw. ImcWw H m-a-xmbn ]d- m, ti p-tiƒhn-bpss Imcy-߃ tam n- p- - Xp-ambn `uxn-i-amb BIm-i-Øn\v Hcp _ -hp-an-. c m-a-xmbn ]d- m "inlm-_p ' F ]Z-Øn-t\msSm w "ap_o ' F hnti-jww simsp-øn-cn- p- p. CXn\v `uxn-i-amb inlm-_p-(sim- n-ao )am-bn v Hcp _ -hp-an-. F p-sim-s - m inlm_v F v ]d-bp- Xv XoPzm-ebvt m As - n BIm-i-Øn ImWp {]Im-i-Ønt\m BWv. GtXm \ {Xw s]m nho-gp- -Xp-t]mse AXv txm pw. Cu c v hkvxp- ƒ pw ap_o F hnti-jww A\-h-k-chpw \nc -I-hp-am-Wv. F m Bflo-bm-Im-i-amWv CXpsIm- p Dt±iyw F v Icp-Xp-Ibpw inlm_v F - Xp-sIm- p Dt±iyw sszhn-i-amb klm-b-ßfpw AS-bm-f-ßfpw sim p-h-cn-ibpw sszhn-i-h-n-\-øn hn -ep- m- m {ian- p- -h s -Xnsc t]mcm- SpIbpw snøp {]hm-n-i- m-cp-am-sw v a\- n-em- p-ibpw snbvxm Cu ap_o F hnti-jww XnI pw Ah-k-tcm-Nn-X-ambn ImWm Ign-bpw. ImcWw Cßs\- hcp-tºmƒ inlm-_n-t\msp tn ph ap_o F ]Z-Øns D]-tbmKw IqSp-X {]tbm-p-\-i-chpw hy -am-sbmcp AS-bm-f-Øns A w hnfn-t m-xp- -Xp-ambnØo-cpw. ]d-bp p: A mlp-hns hn\w BIm-i-Øn-em-bn-cn- p- -Xp-h-sc, Bflo-b-amb BIm-i-Øns {Kl-W-ß-fn AXmbXv \_n-am-cn Cd-ßp- -Xp-hsc XnI pw kpc- n- X-am-bn-cn- pw. F m, XmgsØ BIm-i-Øn Cdßn-b-Xn-\p-ti-jw, a\p-jy-ip-e-øns apºn AXv ka n -s -Sp-tºmƒ, ti Imcy-ß-fn AXv s]- pt]m-ip- p. Aßs\ AXv AZr-iy-Øn- \n v Zriy- Øn-te v hcp p. P\߃ ]c-kv]cw B hn\w tiƒ n- m XpS-ßp- p. At mƒ ibvxzm AYhm \_n-am-cpss i{xp- ƒ B hn-\-߃ tam n-s - Sp p p. AXm-bXv A\ym-b-ambn B hn-\-߃ X nsb-sp- p- p. AXns\ Zp hn-\n-tbmkw snøp- p. At mƒ, Ime-Øns \_n-ap-tj\ Ah-cp-sS-ta sszhn-i-in Cd-ßp-Itbm As - n \_n-amtcm Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-Itfm B hn-\-øns bmym yw P\-߃ v hy -am- n-sim-sp-øp-sim v B I - m-cpss h -\sb shfn-s -Sp-Øp-Itbm snøp- p. Aßs\ ibvxzm \nµy-am-b in -bn AIs -Sp- p. kxy-øns {]`-bn B tam m- -fpss bmym yw {]I-S-am-Ip-Ibpw snøp p. Cu hn-\øn sszhn-i-h-n\w tam n-s -Sp- p p F v -]d- -Xns Dt±-iyw, I A\ym-b-ambn a p- -h-cpss [\w Ih s -Sp- p- -Xp-t]mse Ah A\ym-b-ambn sszhn-i-h-n-\-ßsf Ih s -Sp- p p F mwv. AXm-b-Xv, AXns A -߃ a\- n- em n hniz-kn- msx Zpcp-]-tbmKw snøp- -Xn\pw sx mb A -I-ev]-\-Iƒ \evin P\-ßsf hgn-]n-g- n- m\pw th n am{xw sszhn-i-h-n-\sø Ih s - Sp- p- p. sszhn-i-h-n\w tam n- p- p-sh- -Xn\v as mcp 227 A w-iq-sn-bp- v. AXm-b-Xv, \_n-am-cpss Nne A ym-]-\-ßsf C m-e-øp Bfp-Iƒ Xß-fp-tSsX \ne-bn {]N-cn- n- p- p. \_n-am p B m\-ß-sf- p-dn v X߃ p-a-dnbmw F v ÿm]n- m\pw \_n-am Ah-cpsS A-dn-hp-Iƒ tam n-s -Sp- p- -Xm-sW v hcp-øn-øo m-\pamwv Ah {ian- p- -Xv. F m, I s hkv{xw Xncn- -dn-b-s -Sp- -Xp-t]m-se AXv I s ico-c-øn\v ]mi-am-ipibn- \_n-am-cn \n v tam n-s -Sp-Ø A ym-]\w B I - m-cpss a p hnizm-km-z i-ß-tfmsp s]mcp- Ø-s -Sp-I-bn-. \_n-amcpw Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw Ah-bpsS bmym yw Xpd- p-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS tamjww shfn- -Øp-hcp p. Cu c p-im-cy-ßfpw F m \_n-am pw t\cn-ts- n-h- n- p- v. \_n-am-cpss D -X-amb A ym-]-\-ßsf BfpIƒ Xß-fpsS A ym-]-\-ß-fmbn shfn-s -Sp- Øm Ft mgpw {ian- p-t]m- n- p- v. C{]-Imcw AXns {]m[m-\ysø C mbva snøm Ah B{Kln- p- p. F m \_n-am-tc- mfpa[niw CØcw B{Ia-W-ap- mbxv \_n(k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS taem-wv. {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw Bcy-k-am-Pn-I-fp-amb Fgp-Øp-Im hnip- -Jp -Bs A ym-]-\-ß-fpss Ij-W-߃ FSp-Øp-sIm- v, AXv Ah-cpsS ax-{k-ÿ-ß-fn \n v FSp-Øn- p- -Xm-sW v hcp-øn-øo m Hcp-]mSv {ian- n- p- v. F m, \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n sim ph {]Imiw shfn-s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw \nß-sf-spø Ij- W-߃ kpzo L-amb Hcp Nß-e-bnse IÆn am{xam-sw pw \n߃ v `mh-\-bn t]mepw ImWm Ign-bmØ hnim-e-amb A -߃ AXv Dƒs m- p- -hbmsw pw ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS D n-encn v ad-\o n ]pd-øp-h-cp- p. AØcw B{I-aWw \S-Øp- -h-cn-sem-cm-fmwv "b\m-_o-d -Ckvemw' F {KŸ-Øns I Øm-hv. Abmƒ a\x-]q w Jp -B- \ni A -ß-fpsS Ij-W-߃ FSp-Øp-sIm v AXv ap t]-h ax-ß-fpss {KŸ-ß-fn \n-s -Sp-Ø-XmsW v ÿm]n- m {iaw \S-Øn-bn-cn- p- p. hmkvxh-øn B Ij-W-߃ AJn-e-Øns Hcw-i-am-Wv. ]q Æ-am-b-Xn \n v Ahsb th s -Sp-Øms\ km[ya-. Ahsb as -s - nepw hkvxp-hns `mk-amsw v ]d-bmt\ ] m-ø-hn[w Ah B ]-cn-]q Æ-XtbmSp tn n-cn- p- p. sszhni-h-n\w tam n-s -Sp- p- -Xn-s\- p-dn v c m-axv Rm ]d A w, sszhn-i-h-n-\-ßfpss Nne Ij-W-߃ FSp-Øp-sIm v sx mb \nebn temi-øns apºn AXv ka n- p- p-sh- m-wv. F m \_n-am-tcmspw CØcw kao-]\w D mbn- p- v. Hmtcm- \_nbpssbpw C lmw AYhm shfn- m-sns\ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ Ae-t m-e-s -SpØn P\-ß-tfmSv ]d- p-sim- n-cp- p; \_n-am s Xn-cn P\-ß-fpsS tim]w Pzen- p-b-cm-\mwv Cßs\ snbvx-xv. Ah-cpsS C lm-ans bym Dt±-iysØ am n-a-dn v {]N-cn- n- p-ibpw I - m-sc-t]mse Zpcp-]-tbmKw snbvxpsim- n-cn- p-ibpw snbvxp. At mƒ A mlp Xs kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 7

7 8 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ \_n-am-cpss AS-bm-f-ßfpw Znhy-Zr- m- -ß-fpw-sIm v (hn-izm-kn-i-sf) klm-bn- p. Hcp-`m-KØv sxfn-hp- IƒsIm v Bt -]-I-cpsS sx mb A -߃ Zqco- I-cn- p. adp-`m-køv Xs tim]hpw i nbpw shfns -SpØn AS-bm-f-߃ aptj\ Xs \_n-amsc klmbn- p-sim v Ah-cpsS i{xp- sf \in- n- p-ibpw Aßs\ sszhn-i-h-n-\-ßsf kwc- n- p-ibpw snbvxp. Nne kµ `-ß-fn \_n-bpss A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw Zo\o-t_m-[-an- m-sxbpw \n _- -Øn\v hgßnbpw axm- ym-]-\-ßsf XInSw adn- m-dp- v. sszhn-i-h-n-\-øn\v Fs m-s tbm A w simsp p- p. AXns KpW- K-W-ßsf sx mb hymjym\w \evin ad- p-h-bv p- p. At mƒ A mlp Xs \_n-bpss A\p-bm-bn- I-fn \n v Bsc-sb- nepw inlm-_p- m-jn-t_m, inlm-_p ap-_ot\m B n-s m v AXm-bXv C lmw \evin-s m pw Xs AS-bmf߃sIm v i n-s -Sp-Ønbpw Bflo-bm-Im-iØv \n n-d- p- p. AØcw ibvxzm- m-cpss XesRcn v sszhn-i-h-n- \sø ho pw AXns bym -ÿm-\øv ÿm]n p- -Xn\pw Nn n- n-x-dp-ibpw \in- p-t]m-ip- Ibpw snøp-sa \ne-bn-seønb B hn-\-ßsf ho pw kpc- n-x-am- p- -Xn\pw AXns icn-bmb Dt±-iy-߃ P\-߃ v ho pw shfn-s SpØp Xn\pw th n-bmwv Ahsc Fgp-t -ev]n- p- -Xv. api-fn {]Xn-]m-Zn hnj-b-øn \n- v Cu hn-\- ß-fn \ -{X-߃ F -Xp-sIm- p hnh- nxw \_n-am-cm-sw v hy -am-ip- p- v. inlm-_p ap-_o As n inlm-_p- m-jn_v F -Xp-sIm- p Dt±iyw Ime-Øns \_n-bm-wv. ImcWw Hmtcm \_nbpw Hcp \ -{X-am-Wv. Bflo-bm-Im-i-Øn\v Ae- m-c-am-wv. F m, F m \_nbpw F m-im-eøpw inlm-_ns {]tbm-p\w snøp-i-bn-. ax-øn ssii-s-øn-s m- n-cn- p ibvxzms \mi-øn\v Imc-W- m-cm-hp-i-bn-. Cu {]hrøn Ime-Øns \_n-am-{x-amwv snøp- -Xv. As - n Poh-kp \p_p- -Øp- Xpw {]h Ø-\-tbm-Ky-amb ico-a-øp- -Xpamb \_n-bmwv AXv snøp- -Xv. AØcw \_n-bpss DΩ-Øn tzmj-ßfp m-bn c m-asø Xzm_n-Av \_n \ntbm-kn-x-\m-bm BZysØ \_n-bpss ico- A-Øns\ ]p\-cp- -cn- p- -Xn\v \ntbm-kn-x-\m-ip ImcWØm B alm-flm-hns ]cn-ip- -amb i nhn-emkw B Xm_n-Av \_n aptj\ {]h Øn- p-sim- n-cn- p- p inlm_v F p-xs ]d-b-s -Sp- -Xm- Wv. Cu hni-zo-i-c-w-a-\p-kcn v lkvdøv aqkm, lkvdøv Cukm(-A)Dw a p {]hm-n-i- mcpw Bflobm-Im-i-Øns \ -{X-ß-fm-sW- Xv icn-x-s, F m Ah inlm_v A. Imc-Ww, B ImeØv ibvxzms\ Fdn-bp- -Xn-\mbn A mlp Ahsc D]- tbm-kn- n- n-. F m apl-ωzv dkq (k) inlm_v BWv. ImcWw B alm-flm-hns {]Xn-cq-]-߃ Cu tpmen Jnbm-a-Øp- mƒhsc snbvxp-sim- n-cn- p- p. ]d- -Xns kw n]vxw CXm-Wv. Cu hn-\-ßfn C m \lv\p- \- \±nivd hc m elq elm- ^n-fq F hn-\-øns bmym yw F m-sw v ]d- n-cn- p- p. X n \n- n-d-ßn-bxpw A±nIv F v ]d-b-s -Sm A lam-b-xp-amb F m hn-\-ß-tfbpw A mlp Fß-s\-sbm- s -bmwv kwc- n- p- sx v ]d- n-cn- p- p. _mly-ambpw B -cn-i-ambpw \_n-bpss Ime-L- -Ønepw AXn-\p-ti-jhpw hnip- -Jp -Bs kwc- Ww Cu F m hgn-bn-eq-ssbpw Ah \S-Øp- -Xm-Wv. Cu hn-\-߃ kqdxl nse Xmsg ImWp hn-\-߃ v kam-\- amb A -apƒs m- p- -Xm-Wv. ******* (22:53) AXm-bXv Hmtcm \_n-tbmspw Hmtcm dkq-en-t\mspw CØcw kao-]\w D m-bn- p- v. Ah A m-lp-hns hn\w P\-߃ v HmXn-t ƒ n- -t m-sg mw ibvxzm Ah-cn \n- p-ti hn-\-ß-fn Xß-fp-tS- Xmb A -߃ ssibn \n- n v, am n-a-dn v hnj-b߃ P\-ßsf tiƒ n- m XpS-ßn. Ah-km\w Ah Iq n- -e Ønb Imcy-ßsf A mlp \o w snøp-ibpw sszhn-i-h-n-\sø \ne-\n-dp-øp-ibpw snbvxp. AXm-b-Xv, P\-߃ sszhn-i-h-n-\sø Aet m-e-s -SpØn a p- -hsc hgn-]n-g- n- p p F Xp icn-x-s. ]t, Ah-km\w sszhn-i-h-n-\-øns kxyx shfn-s -Sp-Ibpw P\-߃ ]cm-pn-xcpw e yw t\smø-h-cp-ambnøo-cp- p. Cu c v hn-\-ß-fnepw AXn-bmb kmzriyw ImWmw. Bflo-bm-Im-isØ kwc- n- p- p-sh v kqdx-ln-pvdnepw ]d- n- p- v. A m-lp-x-be sszhn- I-h-N-\sØ kwc- n- p-sa v Chn-sSbpw hnh-cn- n- p- v. ibvxzm BIm-i-Im-cy-ß-fn ssii-s-øm B{K-ln- p- p-sh v kqdx-ln-pvdn-epw, kqdx-l- nepw ]d-bp- p. ssii-s-øp- -hsc \in- n- p- -sa v kqdxln-pvdnepw ChnsS kqdx-l- nepw A mlp ]dbp- p. c n-t bpw D -S- -ß-fn \n v hy -ambpw a\- n-em-ip- Xv Htc hnj-bw-x-s -bmwv c nepw {]Xn-]m-Zn- -s - n-cn- p- -sx- m-wv. Cu BIm-i-ßfpsS kuµ-cy-øn-s bpw AXns kwc- -W-Ønt bpw hnh-cww F m-bnsøpw ]d- n- p- Xv sszhn-i-h-n-\-sø- p-dn v ]d- n- p- -Xn\p tij-am- Wv. CXn \n v ChnsS Bflo-bm-Im-i-tØbpw AXns kwc- -WtØbpw Ipdn mwv ]d- n- p- sx v hy -am-w-v. A msx `uxn-imim-i-søtbm AXns kwc- -W-sØtbm Ipdn- -. `uxn-im-im-itømsv D]-an- n-cn- p- p-sh p am{xw. AXn-s\- m-fp- ]-cn-bmbn AXn\p CXp-ambn Hcp _ -hp-an-. kpc- n-x-amb sszh-h-n-\-øns e -W-ambn Cu Bb- Øn ]d-b-s - n-cn- p- -Xv, Bsc- nepw AXn ssii-s-øm B{K-ln- m AXns kwc- -W-Øn- \mbn inlm_v Cd-ßp- p-sh- m-wv. GsXmcp hn-\- Øns kwc- -W-Øn-\mbn inlm_v Cd-ßp- n- tbm B sszhn-i-h-n\w kpc- n-x-a-s v AwKo-I-cn-t - n-h-cpw. At mƒ AXv A±n-Iv F ÿm\-øp- \n v howp-t]m-bn. 228

8 ka-im-eniw lkvdøv an km _io-dp-±o alvaqzv AlvaZv (Jeo-^-Øp akolv km\n) \ΩpsS ktω-f\wl v t]mse F mh jhpw \S-Ønhcp H mwv P k. IΩn- n-iƒ a p IΩn- n-i-fpss N -ß-fn \n pw \nb-a-ß-fn \n pw ^e-sa-sp- p- -Xp-t]m-se, ktω-f\w-t]m-ep at -sx- nepw Imcy-ß-fn \n v ^e-sa-spøv \Ωfpw AXns\ {]tbm-p-\-s - Sp-tØ- -Xm-Wv. as mcp IΩn- n-tbmtsm ktωf\- tømtsm Hcp-X-c-Ønepw \ΩpsS Cu ktωf\sø kmzr-iy-s -Sp-Øm H p-i-bn-. kwl-s-\-ifpw kam-p-ßfpw temiøv Hcp-]m-Sp- v. ]t, Ah a\p-jy-\n Ωn-X-am-b-Xp-sIm v Ah-tbmSv \ΩpsS ktωf\sø D]-an- m ] p-i-bn-. A m-lphns {]hrønbpw Ah ÿm]n- -Xp-amb Hcp Imcy-Øn-\p-th- n-bmwv \mw DZm-lcWw txsp- - Xv. P\-߃ ]e-ÿ-eøpw HØp-tN-cp- p. D hw sim m-sp- p. ktω-f-\-߃ \S-Øp- p. F m, \mw D -h-ß-fn ]s -Sp- m-\ H n- p-tn-cp- - Xv. Xam-i-Iƒ ImWpI F X \ΩpsS e yw. P\-߃ Xam-i-Iƒ ImWp- -Xn-\p-th- n-bmwv H n- p-tn-cp- -Xv. henb henb km[-\-km-a-{kn-iƒ sim p-h-cp- p. hmwnpyw kpo-h-am-ip- p. AXn- \p-th- n-bp-a \mw H n- p-tn-cp- -Xv. Cu ]cn-xÿn-xn-bn \msa-ß-s\-bmwv \nb-a-ßfpw N ßfpw D m-t - -Xv. GsXmcp Imcy-Øn-t\m-SmWv \mw ktωf\sø DZm-l-cn-t - -Xv. \ΩpsS ktωf\sø kmzr-iy-s -Sp-Øm ] nb Htcsbmcp Imcy-ta- temiøp q. AXv l m-wv. l v GsX- nepw D -h-a-. {]Z i-\-hp-a-. GsX- nepw kwl-s-\-bpss ktω-f-\-hp-a-. AXv A mlp \n -bn- n- p Imcy-am-Wv. AXv Zo\n-\pth n ÿm]n- -s - -Xm-Wv. A m-lp-hns \_nam aptj-\-bmwv AXv ÿm]n-x-am-b-xv. AXpsIm v l n\v Fs -s mw \nb-a-ßfpw N ß-fp-apt m AXn \n v \mw ^e-sa-sp-t - -Xm- Wv. Rmt\m-Xnb hn-\-øn l n\v ]men-t Iev]-\-I-fm-Wp- -Xv. (2:198) A mlp ]d-bp p: l v kp]-cn-nn-x-ß-fmb amk-ß-fm-ip- p. (i- m, Zp J-AvZv, Zp l- v. apgp-h amktam As - n ]Øv Znh-ktam) AXn-\m B amk-ß-fn Bsc- nepw l v snøp-sa v Dd- p-i-gn- m Abmƒ l n d^tkm ^pkqtjm PnZmtem snø-cp-xv. CXbmƒ v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-. l n d^tkm ^pkqtjm PnZmtem snø-cp-sx v l n-\p-t]m- Ip Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcmSpw A mlp ]d-bp- p. F mwv d^kv? kwtbm-k-øn-\mwv d^kv F p ]d-bp- -Xv. l n CXv hntcm-[-am-wv. ]t CXn\v a p A -ß-fp- v. B A -߃ 229 ChnsS \ -hæw tbmpn- p- p-ap v. NoØ kwkmcw, sxdn hnfn- p-i, Ak-`y-Im-cy-߃ hnh-cn- p- I, A«o-e-I-Y-Iƒ tiƒ n- p-i, \nc -Ihpw A\m-h-iy-hp-amb h Ø-am-\w. CXn\v ] m-_nbn ]dbp- Xv "Kt am \m' F mwv. AXm-bXv hnsp-hm-bøw ]d-bp-i. Bsc- nepw l n\p t]mip-i-bm-sw- n Abmƒ Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep NoØ-kw-km-c-ß-fnepw G s -Sp-cp-Xv. A«o-e-I-Y- Itfm hnsp-hm-bøtam ]d-b-pi-bpacp-xv. ^pkqjv F -Xns A w A\p-k-c-W-Øn \n pw B m-]m-e-\-øn \n pw ]pd-øp-t]m-ipi F m-wv. A m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn- p- -Xn \n v ]pd-øp-t]m-im-xn-cn-t - Xv lmpn-am v \n _- - am-wv. Ah F m Iev]-\-Ifpw ]men-t - -Xm-Wv. PnZm : Bfp-Iƒ IqSp-tºmƒ AhnsS ASn-]n- Snbpw D m-im-dp- v. ImcWw Bfp-I-fpsS kz`mhw ]e-x-c-øn-em-wv. Nne hn p-ho-gvn-bn- mø ]nsn-hmin- m-cm-bn-cn- pw. AXp-sIm v Ah-cn \nkm-c- Imcywt]mepw hg- n\v Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp- p. DZml-cWw, Ahs\s ÿew FSp-Øp, Fs X n- Øm-sg-bn p Aßs\ XpSßn ]e-xpw. AXp-sIm- mwv hg- n-s-cpxv F v ]d- -Xv. l n\v ]pds -Sp-tºmƒ Cu aq p-im-cy-߃ Hm Ωn- -W-sa v A mlp apkvenw-i-tfmsv ]d- p. C v ktωf\-øns BZy Znh-k-am-Wv. \ΩpsS ktωf\hpw l p-t]m-se-bm-wv. kxy-hn-izm-knbpss ]ptcm-k-xn- mbn mwv A mlp l v \n - bn- n- p- -Xv. C v Alva-Zn-Iƒ v ax-]-c-amb ASnÿ-m\-Øn l v ^e-{]-z-am-sw- nepw CXns bym Dt±-iy-amb P\-X-bpsS Bflo-b-]p-tcm- KXn AXn \n v Ah v e`n- pi km y-a-. ImcWw l ns ÿew C p- Xv Alva-Zn-Isf h[n- p- -Xp-t]mepw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sW v Icp- Xp Hcp-] w Bfp-I-fpsS Iøn-em-Wv. AXp-sIm v A mlp JmZn-bms\ Cu {]h Ø\Øn\mbn \n -bn- ncn- p p. \ΩpsS Bfp-I-fn A mlp Xu^oJv \evin A\p-{K-ln- p- -h l v snømdp- v. F m, Ah l v sim p-t±-in- p bym ^esasp p- Xv ktωf\øn ]s - SpØp-sIm- m-wv. A mlp ]d-bp p Cu Dt±-iytØmsS ]pd-s -Sp- -h A«o-ehpw \nc -hpamb Imcy-߃ kwkm-cn- -cp-xv. A m-lp-hns Iev]-\sb [n -cn- -cp-xv. hg pw ASn-]n-Snbpw D m- p-i-bp-a-cp-xv. (_ msø Jnem^, t] 5) kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 9

9 JpXzv_ AXn-Yn-IfpsS IS-a-Iƒ lkvdøv an km akvdq AlvaZv (Jfo-^-Øp akolv Jmankv) C v sship-t cw C im-a- mlv Hu]-Nm-cn- I-amb DZvLm-S-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn bp.-si. Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns hm jn-i-p k Bcw-`n- p-i-bm-wv. ]t, P k-bpss tim`bpw AXns {]hr- Ønbpw AXn-Yn-I-fpsS hc-hp-sa mw AS-ßp h Æ- -In v XpS-ßn-bn v A m-lp-hns A\p-{K-l- Øm hfsc Znh-k-ß-fm-bn. \_n-xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)s Pohn-X-Øns shfn- - Øn C v AXn-Yn-I-tfmSv Nne Imcy-߃ ]d-bm- \mwv Rm B{K-ln- p- -Xv. AXn-Yn-Iƒ pw Nne DØchmZn-Ø-ß-fp- v. B DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ AXn-Yn-Iƒ \ -hæw \nd-th- p-i-bm-sw- n, kaql-ønse _ -߃ IqSp-X i -am-ip- -Xm-Wv. AXn-Yn-Isf {i n- p-i-bpw, Ah v Ah-cpsS Ah-Imiw \evip-ibpw snøpi F v kxy-hnizm-kn-tbmsv Iev]n- p- n-s-øv, AXn-Yn-Iƒ Fßs\-bmWv Xß-fpsS ISa \nd-th-t - -sx pw ]d n-cn- p p. AXm-bXv Fß-s\-bmWv AXn- Yn-bm-bn-s m v Hcp ho n t]mti- Xv? Ft mgmwv t]mti- Xv? t]mip Dt±iyw ]q Øn-bm-bn- -gn- m asßn-h-tc- -Xm-Wv. ho p-imsc hnj-an- n- p {]hr- Øn-I-sfm pw snø-cp-xv. AXn-Yn-Iƒ C mcyw {i n- p-i-bm-sw- n kaq-l-øn CXp-aq-e-ap- m-ip Akz-ÿ-X-Iƒ Ah-km-\n- p- -Xm-Wv. s]mxpsh kaq-l-øn {]txy-in v \ΩpsS cmpy-ß-fn s]s - mwv Hcp-]mSv AXn-Yn-Iƒ Hcpan- p-h-cp- -Xv. F p-sn-ø-w-sa- -dn-bmsx ho p-im hnj-an- p- p. \ -hæw Ahsc k -cn- m ] nb Ah-ÿ-bm-bn-cn- p-i-bn an t m-gpw. AXpsIm mwv ]d- -Xv. em XZvJpeq _pbq-ø Kbvd _pbq-øn pw løm XkvX-A-v\nkq h Xpk- naq Aem Alven-lm. \nß-fp-ts-x- mø hosp-i-fn, B ho p-im-tcmsv A\p-aXn tnmzn- p- Ibpw Ah v kemw snm p-ibpw snbvxn- - msx \n߃ {]th-in- -cp-xv. (24:28) A\p-aXn hmßpi F Xv ho n sn n v am{xam-bn-s m- -W-sa- n-. C m-eøv hfsc Zqsc-bncp- p-sim pw A\p-aXn hmßmhp- -Xm-Wv. A\paXn In n- -gn- m, B ho n t]mip- -Xp-sIm v Ipg- -sam- p-an-. a p cmpy-ß-fn \n v ChnsS P k-bn ]s -Sp- m AXn-Yn-I-sf-Øp- p. Ah ]pdw-tz-i-øp-\n mwv hcp- -sx pw hnam\- ØnemWv hcp -sx pw, Xßsf kzoi-cn- m Bsc- nepw hc-w-sa pw ap Iq n Adn-bn- p- p. ChnsS AXnYn k m-c-sø- p-dn- v s]mxpshbp Imcy-ß-fmWv ]d- p-h-cp- -Xv. AXpsIm v Rm CXpw-IqSn ]d-b-s. ap -dn-bn-s m pw IqSmsX s]s v GsX- nepw ho n sn pi F Xv \ΩpsS \msp-i-fn I p-h-cp samø- Øn-ep Hcp ioe-am-wv. ]m n-ÿm-\n CXv ÿnc-am-wv. CXv AXn-Yn-bp-tSbpw BXn-tY-b-cptSbpw kz`m-h-am-bn-øo n-cp- p- p. AXp-sIm v Ccp-Iq- cpw CX{X Imcy-am- m-dn-. F m, Cßs\-bm-sW nepw ` Ww XpS-ßn-b-h-bn Xmakw t\cn- m Nne-t mƒ Nne AXn-Yn-Iƒ D bv p ` Ww sshin- mwv \evin-b-sx v ]d v ]cm-xn-s -Sp- p. Adn-bn- p-sn- m-epw, FØnb-Xn-\p-tijw Blmcw Xøm-dm- m XpS-ßp Nne ioe-ßfpw \ΩpsS ]m n-ÿm-\n-ep- v. F m-bmepw Cu sn-dnb sndnb ]cm-xn-iƒ ]n osv h ]-cm-xn-iƒ v hgn-h-bv p- p. {]txy- In v Ip n-isf hnhmlw Ign- -b- p hosp-i-fpam-bn- p _ -ßsf CXv h msx _m[n- m-dp- v. Cßs\ a\- p-i-fn AI -bp- m-im XpS-ßp- p. ]m n-ÿms DZm-l-cWw Rm \evip- -Xp-sIm- v, Ahn-SsØ Hcp {]txyi P\- hn-`m-k-øns Imcy-ß-f C -d-bp- -Xv. Cu ]m m- Xy-tZ-iØpw CØcw DZm-l-c-W-ß-fp v; Hcp ap dn-bn pw IqSmsX Ak-a-bØv GsX- nepw ho n sn p- p. As - n Xs _ p-hns ho n Xs Hcmƒ sn p- p. Ak-abw Bb-XpsIm v ` Ww Ign- n- m-bn-cn pw h -sx v ho p- Im Icp-Xp- p. Ipd p-i-gn v Nmb IpSn- p- - Xns\ kw_- n v ho p-im tnmzn- p-tºmƒ, Ft msp ` Ww Ignt m F v F p-sim v tnmzn- n- m-sb v ]d v ]cm-xn-s -Sp- p. ]ns AXpw CXpw ]d-bm XpS-ßp- p. Cßs\ ]n osv _ -ß-fn De- nepw AI bpw D m-ip- p. C m-e-l- -Øn F mw hgnifpw- kpk-a-ambn -gn- n- p v. Adn-bn- m-\p G m-sp-iƒ hnim-e-am-wv. t^m snbvxv Adn-bn-t - -Xm-Wv. C ka-bøv hcm Rm\m{K-ln- p- p, Xm ƒ v ka-b-ap-s - n Rm hcmw F v Imte- q n ]d-b-ww. Cu acym-z-isf kw_- n v Bcpw Adn-bm-Xn-cp Hcp-Im-eØmWv A mlp \sω CsX mw ]Tn- n- -Xv. k m-c-øn-\mbn hnfn- -s - m, IrXy-k-a- 10 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 230

10 bøv sn m\pw Iev]-\-bp- v. k mcw Ign- m Xncn- p-t]m-cm\pw ]d- n- p- v. Nne-bn-Sß-fn hºn k m-c-am-bn-cn pw; IeymWw XpS-ßnb ÿe-ß-fn cm{xn apgp-h H bpw _lf-hp-am-bn-cn- pw. \ΩpsS Pam-A-Øn CXv Ipdhm-Wv. ]t, A\y-cn CØcw Imcy-߃ hfsc IqSp-X-em-Wv. Ahn-sSsØ ka-b-øn\v \nb-{ -Wsam- p-an-. ]t, Nne im -amb apven-kp-ifpw D m-im-dp- v. Pam-A-Øns\ H -S w Wn- p- p. Cs - n Pam-A-Øns ÿm]-\-ß-fn sh v k mcw \S-Øp- p. CØcw L -ß-fn Cu W-Øns F m acym-z-ifpw AXn-Yn-Iƒ {i nt - -Xm-Wv. ka-bøv t]mip-i, k mcw Ign- m s]s v Xncn- p-t]m-cpi XpSßn Hcp-]mSv \n t±-i-ß-fp v AXn-Yn-Iƒ v. Hcn- \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n Hcp-]m-Sm-fp-Isf Wn- p-h-cp-øn. Fhn-sS-\nt m ` Ww h t mƒ Ahn-S v F m-h-tcbpw hnfn- XmWv. \nth- Z-I ]d-bp p: F m-hcpw ` Ww Ign- p-i-gn- -t mƒ A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw Xncn- p-t]m-bn. F m, Nne Ahn-sS-Øs IpØn-bn-cp v kwkm-cn- m XpS-ßn. \_n(-k) Ah-cp-sS-bn-Sbn Ccp- n-. Ahn-S v Fgp-t v DΩplmØp apa-van-\os apdn-bn-te- p-t]m-bn. Ipd- p-i-gn- t mƒ AhnsS Ccp- -hcpw Fgp-t - p-t]m-bn. ]n osv \_n(-k) Xm\n-cp ÿeøp h n-cp- p. (Hcp-]mSv tpmen-iƒ sntø- Xp mipw; \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n msw- n a p Imcy-ßfpw sntø- - Xp- m-bn-cp- p. AXp-sIm v A mlp {]txyiw Iev]n- p: \n߃ {i n- p-i, A\m-h-iy-ambn kwkm-cn- mxn-cn pi. \_n-xn-cp-ta-\nbv v hnjaw D m- m-xn-cn- p-i.) Cu Iev]\ \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bp-ambn _ - s - -Xm-sW- n-epw, a p Iev]-\-I-fn \n v CXn v s]mxp-hmb Hcp \ndw D -Xmbpw a\- n-em-ip- p. Nne-t mƒ, k m-c-øn-\p-tijw ho p-im v ]m{x-ß-sf mw FSpØv hrøn-bm- p-ibpw a p tpmen-iƒ sntø- -Xmbpw hcpw. At mgpw Bfp- Iƒ AhnsS IpØn-bn-cn- p-i-bm-sw- n Ah Xv _p n-ap- p- m- pw. AXp-sIm v AlvaZo kaqlw CX-\p-k-cn v {]h Øn-t - Xv \n - -am-wv. -Nne-t mƒ Nne AXn-Yn-Iƒ hnj-a-ß-fp- m- mdp- v. ` Ww t\c-øp-in- n-bn-s - n, \ ` Ww In n-bn-s - n ]cm-xn-s -Sm\pw Bt -]n- m\pw XpS-ßp- p. AØcw Imcy-ß-fn \n pw Hc-lvaZn amdn-\n-evt - -Xm-Wv. CXp-kw-_- -ambn Hcp \nth-z-\-øn h n-cn- p- p. lkvdøv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) \nth-z\w snøp- p. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n ]d p: \nß-fn h -h\pw Wn- -s - m Ah Ww kzoi-cn- s. t\mºp-im-c-\mwv Ah-s\- n A m-lp-hns\ kvxpxn- p-ibpw {]Io Øn- p-ibpw Wn- h p-th n {]m n- p-ibpw snø-s. t\mºp- Im-c-\-s - n Fs m- mtwm \evin-bxv AXv kt m-j-tømss Ign- -s. \evin-bxv kt m-j-tømss Ign- -W-sa v Cu \nth-z-\-øn ]d- n-cn- p- p. kt m-j-tømss-bp Cu ` Ww Ign- Xs -bmwv AXn- Ynbpw BXn-tY-b\pw XΩn-ep _ sø i ns -Sp-Øp- -Xv. CXnse BZysØ ]mtw Wn- m Ww kzoi-cn- pi F -Xm-Wv. _ -ßsf i n-s -Sp- Øm ] nb Hcp-am -am-wn-xv. Bt ]w H pw ]d-bm-sx, BXn-tY-b Xcp- Xv ` n-t - -Xm-Wv. BXn-tY-b hfsc Bflm -X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv \nßsf Wn- -n p Xv. kxy-hn-izm-kn-bmb Hc- Xn-Yn, Xt mssm w A\p-{K-l-ß-fp-am-bn- mwv hcp- -Xv. AXp-sIm v Ft mgpw A\p-{K-l-߃ sim p-t]m-ip AXn-Yn-bmbn Xotc- -Xm-Wv. ho p- Im v hnj-a-ap- m- p AXn-Yn-bm-Im ]msn-, Ahsc hnj-a-ß-fn \n v AI- p- -h-cm-i-ww. Nne-t mƒ, ho p-im ` Ww Ipdt D m- nbn- p- m-ip-i-bp- q. At m-gm-bn-cn pw AXn-Yn- Iƒ s]s v hcp- -Xv. At mgpw Ccp-hcpw IqSnt v D Xv Ign-t - -Xm-Wv. kq va-x-tbm-ss- Ign m {i n- -Ww. ` Ww \ -s -Sm ]msn-. a v AXn-Yn-Ifpw Ds hnnm-c-tømss Ign- p-i. lkvdøv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) \nth-z\w snøp- p. \_n(-k) ]d p: c m-fpss ` Ww aq m-fp- Iƒ pw aq m-fpss ` Ww \mem-fp-iƒ pw axnbm-b-xm-wv. as mcp \nth-z-\-øn h n-c-n p- p. \_n(k) ]d p: Hcm-fpsS ` Ww c mƒ pw c mfptsxv \mem-fp-iƒ pw \mem-fp-i-fp-tsxv G mƒ pw axn-bm-ip- -Xm-Wv. P k-bpss Zn\-ß-fn Nne-t mƒ Xmev men-i-ambn ` Ww Ipdhv hcm-dp- v. AXp-sIm- v, AXn- Yn-Iƒ At mƒ a ImWn-t - -Xm-Wv. P km Zn\-ß-fn ` Ww Ipdhv h m A m-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-Øm s]s - p-xs ` Ww Xøm-dm- Ip- -Xm-Wv. s]s v AXv ]cn-l-cn- -s -Sp- -Xm-Wv. Hcn- d_vh-bn sdm n D m- p- -h l Øm-em-N-cn- p. amhp-ip-g v Dcp-f-bm- p- -h kacw snbvxp. AhnsS amhpip-g-s -Sp- m anjy- \n kui-cy-an-. Hcp-t\cw hfsc _p n-ap- p- mbn. AØcw kml-n-cy-ß-fn Imcy-߃ ssiimcyw snøm Alva-Zn-Iƒ v A mlp \ ss\]pwyw \evin-bn- p- v. Ft mgpw Ah AXn\v Xøm-dm-bn-cn- pw. km[m-cw c v sdm nbmwv Hmtcm-cp-Ø pw \n -bn- n- p- -Xv. Jeo-^- Øp akolv kmenkv(d-lv) c n\p ]Icw H v Ign- m Alva-Zn-I-tfmSv A v ]d- p. d_vh- 231 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 11

11 bnse ho p-im-tcm-sv, sdm n-bp- m n simsp-ø-b- m\pw ]d- p. F{X-bm-fp-Iƒ A v ]s -SpØp F v F\n-t m Ω-bn-. Aßs\ Hmtcm ho p- Im pw Hmtcm IW pw simsp-øn-cp- p. hnhn- [-Xcw sdm n-iƒ hosp-i-fn \n v hcm Xp-Sßn. e Jm-\-bn \n v hnx-c-whpw \S-Øn. AXn-\ptijw s]s - p-xs F mw ]cn-l-cn- p-ibpw snbvxp. F n-epw, Jeo-^-Øp ako-lns \n t±i-{]-im-cw, Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Hmtcm sdm n am{xta Ign- n- p- m-ip-i-bp- q-sh- mwv Rm Icp-Xp- -Xv. AXn-Yn-Isf D]-tZ-in- p-sim v \_n(-k) ]d p: A m-lp-hnepw A y-zn-\-ønepw hnizkn- p- -h Xs AXn-Ynsb am\n- p-sim- -s. Ahs AXnYn k mcw Hcp cm -I-em-Wv. s]mxp-hmb AXnYnk mcw aq p-zn-h-k-whscbm-wv. AXn-\- p-d-ap- Xv kz-j-bp-am-wv. Xs ktlm-z-cs\ Ip -Øn-e-I-s -Sp-Øpthmfw Ah-s - b-spøv (A-Xn-Yn-bm-bn) Xma-kn- Hcp apkvenan\pw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-. BXn-tY-b-t\mSv Hcp cm - I \ -hæw AXnYn k mcw \S-Ø-W-sa v ]d- n-cn p- p. aq p-\m-fp-iƒ - p-d-ap- Xv kz- J-bm-sW pw ]d- n-cn- p- p. kz-j, \ h n- m Imc-W-am-Ip- p. ]t, Hmtcm-cp-Ø pw Hmtcm Ah-ÿ-bm-bncn pw D m-ip-i. kzj simsp- m F mh pw Ign- p-sh pw hcn-i-bn-. Aßs\ hcptºmƒ km[m-c-w-\n-e-bn-em-bn-cn pw Pohn v apt m- p-t]m-ip- -Xv. AXn-Yn-Iƒ A[n-I-\mƒ \n m, DW- -sdm n Xn v BXn-tY-b Ign-bp- -Xp-t]mse Ign-tb- n-h-cpw. Nnet mƒ ho p-im sh w IpSn- v ]in-b-s- nbn- m-bn-cn pw AXn-Yn- Iƒ v ` Ww \evip- -Xv. kzj F ]Zw ]d- p-sim- v, AXn-Yn-Isf D]-tZ-in- Xv IqSp-X Znhkw AXn-Yn-k mcw \S-Øn- p-i-bm-sw- n, AXns A w kzj Xn pi F -m-wv. km[m-cw \nß-fn-em s - nepw kzj X m, \n߃ AXv hfsc tami-am-bn- mbn-cn pw Icp-Xp- -Xv. ]t, _em m-c-ambn Hcm-fpsS ho n IqSp-X \mƒ AXn-Yn-bmbn \n p- Xpw kz-j-bm-sw v ]d- n-cn- p- p. Aßs\ ho p-im pw hnj-a-øn\v Imc-W- mcmbn Xocp- p. lzo-kn ]d- n- p- -Xp-t]mse aq v Znhkw Ign- m AXn-Yn-tbmSv Imcyw At\z-jn-t - - Xm-Wv. NnIn XpS-ßnb Fs - nepw {][m-\-s Imcy-Øn-\mWv \nev p- -sx- n AXn\v \aps mcp hyh-ÿn-xn-bp- v. AX-\p-k-cn v A\phmZw hmtß- -Xm-Wv. F n v Xma-kn- p-i-bmwv th -Xv. CsX mw AXn-Yn-Iƒ {i n-t - - Imcyßfm-Wv. BXn-tY-b\v Hcp _p -n-ap pw D m-im ]msn-. BXn-tY-b As - n e Jm-\-bnse {]h Ø-I As - n AXnYn kev mchip v (e- Jm-\bv v Ct mƒ Zmdp-fn-bm-^Øv F mwv d_vh-bn ]d-bp- -Xv) Hc-Xn-Yn-tbmSpw Ib Øp kwkm-cn- m ]msn-. Ah v Xß-fp-sSta DtZym-K-ÿ- msc Adn-bn v \n t±iw txsm-hp- -Xm-Wv. F m, AXn-Yn-Iƒ v hnj-a-ap- m-ipwhn[w {Iqc-ambn s]cp-am-dm ]msn-. as mcp \nth-z-\-øn h n-cn- p p: C m-cyß-sf mw hni-zo-i-cn- -Xn-\p-tijw Ahn-S v ]d p, A m-lp-hnepw A y-zn-\-ønepw hniz-kn- p- -h \ Imcyw ]d-bp-itbm au\w]men- p-itbm snbvxpsim- -s. CXn \n v a\- n-em-ip- Xv Fs - nepw Imcyw ]d v AXn-Yn-Isf [cn- n- -W-sa- n IqSp-X hg- p- m-ipw-hn[w AXv ]cp-jamb \ne-bn ]msn- F mwv. Cu D]-tZiw AXn-Yn- Iƒ pw IqSn-bp- -Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv \n߃ BXntY-b-tcmSv \ \ne-bn kwkm-cn- p-i. ho p-imsc _p nap n- pi F -Xp-sIm- p Dt±-iy-sa- m-sw v klm-_øv tnmzn- p. Ahn- S v ]d p: _p n-ap- n- pi F -Xns A w ho p-im-cpss ] kev -cn- m H p-an- m-xncn- p-ibpw F m, AXnYn Ah-cpsS IqsS Xmakn- p-ibpw snøpi F -Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm v ]pd-øp-\n pw h -h-tcmsv {]txy- I-ambn Rm ]d-b-s, {]txy-in v ]m n-ÿm-\n \n v hcp- -hcpw Chn-SsØ _ p- -fp-ss- ho- n AXn-Yn-I-fmbn Xma-kn- p- -hcpw Ft mgpw Hm Ωbn sht - -Xm-WnXv. Chn-SsØ Bfp-Iƒ v tpmen v t]mti- -Xp- v. AXp-sIm v Akm-[mc-W-amb {]Xo- -I-sfm pw AXn-Yn-Iƒ sh p-]pe tø- -Xn-. Xß-fpsS tpmen If- n v \nßsf \msp-im-wn- m sim p-t]m-ip-sat m a v B{Kl-߃ ]q Øo-I-cn- p-sat m \nß-fpss C -Øn- -\p-k-cn v ]cn-]m-sn-iƒ Xøm-dm- p-sat m D Nn th. BXn-tY-b\v hnj-a-ap- m-ip F m Imcy-ß-fn \n pw \n߃ hn p-\n-ev p-i. Ah v Imcp-Wy-Øn\v Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-I. \nßsf Wn- p-i-bm-sw- n Wn- -s - -h am{xta t]mimhq F pw Ahn-S v \sω D]- tz-in- p. C\n {]txy-i-amb Ah-ÿ-I-fm-sW- n ho p-im-tcmsv tnmzn v A\p-hmZw hmßn IqSp-X AXn-Yn-Isf sim p-t]m-imw. ` -W-Øn-\p G msv an -t mgpw hosp-i-fn ]cn-an-x-am-bn-cn- pw. Ah v a p-]-e- ]-cn-]m-sn-ifpw D m-ipw. lkvdøv A_q akv-du-zv(-d) \nth-z\w snøp- p. A_q ipabv_v F p-t]-cmb Hcmƒ, Ad-hpImc-\mb Xs ASn-a-bpsS ASp- sn v F\n- pth n A m-fp-ss ` Ww D m- m ]d- p. Rm \_n(-k)-bpss apjøv Blmcw Ign- m-ø- Xns e Ww I n-cn- p- p F pw ]d p. Abmƒ ` -W-ap- m n \_n(-k)-tbbpw Ahn- SsØ H w Ccp- -h-tcbpw hnfn- p-sim- p-h-cm Bsf Ab- p. \_n (k) Cd-ßn- p-d-s - -t mƒ Hcmƒ 12 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 232

12 \_n-bpss ]n mse IqSn. kev m-c-øn\v Wn ka-bøv Abm-fn- m-bn-cp- p. \_n(-k) ho p-imtcmsv ]d p: Xm ƒ Rßsf Wn- p-tºmƒ Rß-tfm-sSm w C m-xn-cp Hcm-fpw-IqSn Rß-tfmsSm w h n- p- v. Xm ƒ A\p-h-Zn- p-i-bm-sw- n Abmfpw hcp- -Xm-Wv. ho p-im-c ]d p, F\n v kω-x-am-wv. At±-lhpw t]mc-s.'' Cu amxr-i-bmwv \_n(-k) temiøv ÿm]n- -Xv. CXv \sω D]-tZ-in- p- -Xn\pw Cu Imcy-Ønte v \ΩpsS {i D m-ip- -Xn\pw th n-bm- Wv. Ahn-S v IqSp-X AXn-Yn-Isf sim p-t]mbmepw AXv ho p-im-tcmsv tnmzn- m-sx-bm-bmepw ho p-im F p-]-d-bm-\m-wv! Hcmƒ A \qdp-t] AXn-Yn-bmbn \_n-tbm-ssm w h mepw Ahn- SsØ {]m \ sim v ` -W-Øn _ -Øp- m-ip-sa- pw AXv F m-h pw XnI-bp-sa pw Ah -dn-bm-am-bn-cp- p. CØcw Hcp-]mSv DZm-l-c- W-߃ klm-_øv I p-a-\- n-em- n-b-xm-wv. AXn-Yn-I-fpsS kz`mhw Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn- -W-sa- p amxri \ne-\m- p- -Xn\pw \sω D]-tZ-in- p- -Xn\pw th n-bm-wn-xv. kev m-c-øn\p t]mip-tºmƒ Wn- -s -SmØ Btcbpw IqsS- Iq- -cp-xv. ho p-im XS-bp-I-bm-sW- n hnfn- -s - SmØ AXnYn ]cn-`-hn- m\pw ]msn-. CX-Sn-ÿm- \-]-c-amb [m Ωn-I-Kp-W-am-Wv. Nne hnhm-l-øn\v DZm-l-c-W-ambn `mcy-tbbpw ` Øm-hn-t\bpw am{xta hnfn- n- p mhp-i-bp- q. F m, Ah Ip n-i-tfbpw IqsS sim p-t]m-im-dp- v. CXv BXn-tY-bs kui-cysø tzmj-icambn _m[n- p- -Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm v C m-cy-øn kq vax ]men- -Ww. sndnb sndnb Imcy-ß-sf-t]mepw sndp- Xmbn ImWmsX {]h Øn- p-tºm-gmwv D -X-amb [m Ωn-I-KpWw ÿm]n-x-am-hp- -Xv. as mcp Imcyw- IqSn ]d-bs Ip n-iƒ, Xn p- -Xn-t\- mƒ IqSp-X ` Ww \ -s -Sp-Øn- -f-bm-dp- v. AXp-sIm v Ah v Ipdt C p-sim-sp- m ]msp- q. Xn p- I-gn- m Bh-iy-sa- n ho pw C p-sim-sp- p- I. F m, an -t mgpw I p-h-cp- Xv Ip n-i-fpss ]m{x-øn IqSp-X ` -W-an-cn- p- -Xm-Wv. AXh v Xn m Ign-bp-I-bn-. C{]-Im-cw-Xs ]m{xw \nd- n-sp-ibpw F n v Xn m Ign-bm-Xn-cn- p-ibpw snøp- Xv Nne-bm-fp-I-fpsS ioe-am-wv. Aß-t\bpw Blmcw \ -s - p-t]m-ip- p. CXpw \mw hfsc {i n-t - -Xm-Wv. P kmzn-\-ß-fn {]txy-in pw ` -W-an-Sp-tºmƒ Pm{KX ]men- -Ww. Bsc- nepw C p-sim-sp- p-i-bm-sw- n Ahcpw {i n- -Ww. tnmzn- p- {X C p-sim-sp- m-hp- -Xm- Wv. AsXm-cn- epw \ntj-[n- m ]msn-. AXnYn X\n v Xn m Ign-bm-Ø{X CSm\pw ]msn-. lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a)s Hcp-k-lm-_nbpsS kw`hw Rm hnh-cn- mw. At±lw Fß- \-bm-bn-cp p AXnYn kev mcw \S-Øn-bn-cp- -Xv. AXn-Yn-Iƒ At±-l-tØmSv Fß-s\-bm-bn-cp p s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp- -Xv. lkvdøv tibvjv lman-zen kmln_v Fgp-Xp- p. F\n v akolv audu-zv(-a) Hcp I n X ncp- p. Bsc- n-ep-sams AXn-Yn-bmbn h m Fs I n-en Nne Ib-dn-In-S- pw. Rm apk Xmsg hncn v InS- p-am-bn-cp- p. Rm InS hncn- m B InS hncn I n-en AXnYn Ib-dn- n- S- pw. Fs a\- n Aev]w-t]mepw shdpt m \oc-ktam D m-ip-am-bn-cp- n-. ImcWw Cbmƒ AXn-Yn-bm-sW pw R߃ ChnsS Xma-kn- p- h-cm-sw pw F\n- dn-bm-am-bn-cp- p. Nne Bfp- Iƒ Fs InS I n-en- -Sn-bn-te v FSp-Øn-Sp- Ibpw kz w InS hncn v InS- p-ibpw snøpam-bn-cp- p. Hcn- Hcp kv{xo lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a)-t\msv ]o kmln_v \neøv InS- p p F p ]d- p. At mƒ Ahn-S v tnmzn p: I n Fhn-sS-t]mbn? X\n- -dn-bn-s v B kv{xo Adnbn- p. ]n osv lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a) shfnbn h p. lman-zen kmln_v ]d-bp p: tkmƒ apdn-bpss ASp-tØ v Fs hnfn- p. F n-\mwv Xmsg InS- p- -sx v tnmzn- p. Ct mƒ ag- m-eam-sw pw ]mºpw txfpw a p p{z-po-hn-ifpw Cd-ßp ka-b-am-sw pw Ahn-S v ]d- p. At±lw ]d-bp p: Rm F m Imcy-ßfpw lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a)-t\msv hni-zo-i-cn v ]d- p. Chsc kev -cn-t _m[yx \ap- m- Wt m F pw Adn-bn- p. CXp-tI- -t mƒ lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a) ho n-te v Ib-dn-t m-bn. Hcp I n simsp-ø-b- p. H p c v Znhkw Ign- t mƒ ho pw B I n Fs Iøn \n v hn pt]m-bn. ho pw ]g-b-xp-t]m-se-bm-bn. thdmtcm lkvdøv akolv audu-zn-t\msv C mcyw ]d- p. ho pw Ahn-S v Hcp I n simsp-ø-b- p. Ipd p Znhkw Ign- -t mƒ ]nt bpw ]g-b-xp-t]m-sebm-bn. ho pw Btcm lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(- A)-s\ hnh-c-a-dn-bn- p. kp_ln \a-kvim-c-øn-\ptijw lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a) Ft msv ]d p: kmln_v kmzm kmlnt_! Xm ƒ snøp- Xv icn-x-s. \ΩpsS Bfp-Iƒ sntø- Xv Aß-s\-X-s -bm-wv. F m, Xm ƒ Hcp Imcyw snøp-i, \mw Hcp Nße Xcmw. I n-en Nße si n a n Xq n-bn-sp-i. auehn A p Icow kmln_v AhnsS \nev p- m-bn-cp- p. At±lw Nncn- p-sim v ]d p: lpkq Cu Nße apdn v I n Xmsg-bn-d- m ] nb DkvXmZpam-cp-ap- v! AXp-tI v lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a)dw Nncn- p. kmln_v kmzm kmln_v ImWn- p- -XmWv DZm- Ø-amb kz`m-h-kp-w-sa v Ahn-S v ]d- p. ]s, \ Imcy-߃ ]d-bp-i, As - n au\w- ]m-en- pi F lzo-k-\p-k-cn v AXn-Ynsb H pw ]d-bm ]msn-. F m kq n-t - -Xmb 233 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 13

13 Nne Imcy-ß-fp- v. AXv Hm Ω-s -Sp-Øn-s m v Fß-s\-bmWv I n kq n-t - -sx v At±lsØ D]-tZ-in- p. AXn-Ynsb kev -cn-t - Xv \n w Xs bm-wv. ]t, Xs Ah-Imiw ]nsn p]dnbm-i-cpsx - hnnmcw AXn-Yn- p- m-iww. Aßs\ hcptºmƒ Hmtcm hkvxp-hn\pw Xmgn-tS- -Xmbn hcpw. AXv ho p-im v as mcp hnj-a-ap- m- pw. AXn- Yn-Iƒ v AXnYn F Ah-Imiw A\p-h-Z-\o-bamb \ne-bn D]-tbm-Kn- mw. aq p-zn-h-k-øn-\ptijw AXnYn ho n IpØn-bn-cn- p-ibpw ho p- Im shfn-bn-em-hp-ibpw snøp Ahÿ D m- Im ]msn-. P k-bpss Zn\-ß-fn Cß-s\-bp- m-im-dp- v. d_vh-bnepw JmZn-bm-\nepw Cß-s\- bp- m-b-n-cp Xmbn Adn-bm Ign- p. P km Zn\-ß-fn ct m aqt m Nne-t mƒ Hcm-gvNtØ v Bfp-Iƒ AXn-Yn- mbn Xß-fpsS hosv Hgn- p-sim-sp- m-dp- v. ]Øv Znh-k-tØ pw simsp-øn-cp- p. F n v ho p-im shfn-bn Xº- Sn p Xma-kn- p-am-bn-cp- p. CXv ho p-im kt mj-tøm-sp-iq-sn-bmwv snøp- -Xv. AXnYn Hcn- epw InS- tbm at m ]nsn-s -Sp- m-dn-. BXn-tY-b Xs DZm-Ø-amb [m Ωn-I-KpWw ImWn- p-tºmƒ AXn-Ynbpw AXp-t]mse DZm-Ø-amb [m Ωn-I- KpWw ImWn-t - -Xm-Wv. ""R߃ A\y-cm-Py-ß-fn \n v h -h-cmwv As - n ]m n-ÿm-\n \n v h -h-cm-wv. C\n ChnsS hcm Ah-kcw In ptam Ct F -dn-bn-. AXp-sIm v R߃ tjm nwkv \S-Øm B{Kln- p p'' F v Nne AXn-Yn-Iƒ BXn-tY-b-t\mSv ]d-bm-dp- v. tjm nw-kn-\p-th n Xßsf sim pt]m-im\pw Ah \n - n- p- p. tjm nw-kn-\pt]m-bm BXn-tY-b-s\-s m v sne-h-gn- n- p- Ibpw snøp- p. Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ Xß-fpsS AXn-Yn- Isf sim p-t]mbn Fs - n-ep-sams km[-\- ߃ hmßn-\-evim-dp- v. ]s, Nne AXn-Yn-Iƒ Ct mƒ Rß-fpsS Iøn ]W-an-s pw \m n-se- Øn-bm Xncn- p-x-cm-sa pw ]d p sne-h-gn- n- p- p. F m-h-cp-a-, Nne-cmWv Cß-s\-bp- -h. CXn \n-s mw hn p-\n-evt - -Xm-Wv. Cßs\ Hcp asn-bp-an- msx CsX mw snøn- p- -h hfsc hfsc Ipd- p-t]tc D q F v Rm ]d- -t m. F m, Ipd- p-t] Nne-t mƒ F m-h pw Zpjvt]-cp- m- m Imc-W- m-cm-bn-øo-cp- p. ho p-im CØcw AXn-Yn-Isf Xman-kn- n v _p nap- p-i-fn AI-s -Sp- p. Ipd p Znh-k-tØ v kz w ho n \n v ]pd-øp -I-nS pibpw ka-bw \ -s -SpØpIbpw tjm nw-kn\v \n - n-x- \mhpibpw snøp p BXn-tY-b. NnecmsW n ho p-im-cp-ambn Hcp _ -hp-an- m-øh-cm-bn-cn- pw. ]s, ho p-im-tcmsv X߃ p-th- -sx mw Bh-iy-s -Sp-Ibpw snøpw. km[\w hmßn-s m-sp-øm am{xw t]mcm AXv G n ho nse-øn- p-ibpw thww F v ] m-_n-bn ]dbp- -Xp-t]mse! ImcWw Nne-t mƒ tjm nwkv hfsc -Iq-Sp-X-em-bn-t mipw. At mƒ AXv kz w sim p-t]m-im km[n- n-. Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ Fs Cu km[\w ]n osv \n߃ \m n-se-øn- p-x-c-w-sa v BXn-tY-b-t\mSv ]d-bp- p. t]mip Hmtcm-cp-Ø pw Ah-cp-tS-Xmb km[-\-߃ D m- Ip-a-t m. shdpw ItømsS bm{x snøp- -hsc an t mgpw In m-dn-. Aßs\ km[\w ho n-se-øp- -Xn\v Xmakw t\cn- m DSs\ ]cm-xn-s -Sm XpSßp p: Fs km[\w Rm AhnsS Gev]n- pt]m- n v CXp-hsc Abmƒ Ab- n-, Hcp DØ-chm-Zn-Xz-t_m-[-an- mø a\p-jy-\mwv Fs ms ]d v Bt -]n- m XpS-ßpw. AXp-sIm v C m-cy-ß-fn \n-s mw \ap v hn p-\n-evt - - Xp- v. CØcw HcpZml-c-Ww-t]mepw Pam-A-Øn D m-im ]msn-. ChnsS P k-bn ]s -Sp- m- \mwv \n߃ hcp- -Xv. AXp-sIm- p-xs AXns Dt±iyw Ft mgpw \nß-fpss a\- n D m-bn-cn- -Ww. P k-bpss _ -Øp-Iƒ akolv audu-zv(-a)s ZpB aptj\ k n-iƒ \nd- p-sim v Xncn- p-t]m-hp-i; tjm nwkv snøp- -Xn\p ]I-cw. \n߃ Ic-ÿ-am- p- -Xn CXnt\- mƒ D -X-amb Hcp km[-\-hp-an-. AXp-sIm v Bflm -X-tbmsS P k-bn ]s -Sp- p-i. \ap v _ -Øp-Iƒ Ic-ÿ-am- - W-sa pw A m-lp-hns\ Xr]vXn-s -Sp-Ø-W-sa pw P km-]-cn-]m-sn-iƒ tiƒ -W-sa- p Dt±iyw Ft mgpw ap n ImWp-I. P k-bn Ccp v ]cn-]m-sn-iƒ tiƒ m\pw, ]d-bp Imcy-߃ {i n- p-tiƒ m\pw lkvdøv akolv audu-zv (A) Hcp P km Ah-k-c-Øn \tωmsv ]d-bp-ibp- m-bn. Ahn-S v ]d p: F m kmln-_p-amcpw {i -tbmss tiƒ p-i. Rm Fs Pam-A- Øn\pw F\n pw Fs Bflm-hn\pw th n B{K-ln- p- Xpw C -s -Sp- Xpw {]kw-k-ß-fn _mlyambn ImWp hmni Ik-d-Øp-I-f-. AXp-am-{X-am-bn-cn- -cp-xv \nß-fpss Dt±-iy-e- yw. {]kw-k-is amkva-cn-i-amb hmivnm-xpcyhpw hm p-i-fn-ep Kmw`ocyhpw Ir{Xn-a-Xzhpw Rm\n- -s -Sp- n-. Fs a\- m-{k-ln- p- Xv A m-lphn\p th n-bp {]hr-ønbpw Ah\p th nbp kwkm-c-hp-am-wv. ho pw Ahn-S v ]d-bp p ""apkvenw-i-fn A[x-]-X\w D m-im-\p Hcp henb ImcWw CXm-Wv. Cs - n F{X-sb{X hº ktω-f-\- ßfpw ao nw-ßp-i-fpw, apven-kp-i-fp-am-w-h kwl- Sn- n- p- -Xv. AXn henb henb Bfp-Iƒ Kw`oc-ambn {]kw-kn- p-ibpw {]`m-jww \S-Øp-Ibpw snøp- p. Ihn-Iƒ Ime-Øns Ah-ÿ-sb- pdn v hne-]n- p- p. F p-sim- m-wn-sxm pw ^ew 14 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 234

14 snøm-ø-xv. P\-߃ Hmtcm Znh-khpw A`n-hr- n-s -Sp- -Xn\p ]Icw A[x-]-X-\-Øn-te v hogp- Xv F p-sim- m-wv. CXn\p ImcWw Cu tbmkß-fn ]s -Sp- p- -h Bflm -X-tbm-Sp-IqSn t]mip- n F -Xm-Wv.'' Cu Bflm X Hmtcm Alva-Znbpw ap n ImW-Ww. F v {]hr-øn-bm-sw- nepw GXv kwkm-c-am-sw- nepw AXv A m-lp-hn\pth n-bmbn-cn- -W-sa pw Ahn-S v D]-tZ-in- p. Cu \nbaw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw apºn ImW-Ww. F n v P kbpss _ -Øp-I-fn \n v ^e-sa-sp- -Ww. Hmtcm Nph-Snepw A m-lp-hns Xr]vXn kzmb-ø-am- m ]cn-{i-an- p-ibpw thww. AXp-sIm- v Cu Zn\-߃ ZpB-bn Ign- p-iq- p-i. F m ]cn-]m-sn- Ifpw k{i w tiƒ pi. ChnsS Ccn- p-ibpw Nn _mkm-dn-em-bn-cn- p-ibpw Acp-Xv. P k-bn ]s -Sp- m h -Xm-sW- n P kbpss Dt±iyw Ft mgpw ap n sht - -Xm-Wv. tiƒ p Hmtcm \ bpw kzmb-ø-am- m {ian-t - -Xm- Wv. \ -bpss Imcy-߃ \nßsf ]Tn- n- p- -Xpt]mse \n߃ Pohn-t - -Xm-Wv. \a-kvim-c-ßfpw \^-ep-ifpw k{i w A\p-jvTn-t - -Xm-Wv. Cu Zn\-߃ sszh-kva-c-w-bp-tsbpw {]m -\-I-fptSbpw A -co- -am-bn-cn- p-tºmƒ Hmtcm \nanjhpw A m-lp-hns _ -Øp-Iƒ {]m]n- p- h-cm-bn-øocpw \n߃. Cu sszh-kva-c-w-bpss {]m[m-\y-sø- p-dn v lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(a) at\m-l-c-amb \ne-bn Cßs\ hnh-cn- n-cn- p- p. Ahn-S v ]d p: F\n v thsdmcp Nn -bp- mbn. AsX- m-sw- p-sh- m P km Zn\-ß-fn sszh-kva-c-w-bn A[n-I-a-[n-I-ambn apgp-im A mlp ]d- n-cn- p- p. CXns ^ew A mlp ]d- -Xv, DZvIp-dp- ml bzvip-dp pw \n߃ sszh-kva-cw snbvxm A mlp \nßtfbpw kvacn- m XpS-ßpsa mwv. kz w bp-am-\ Hm Ωn- p-ibpw hnfn- p-ibpw snøp a\p-jy-t\- mƒ `mky-hm a m-cmwv? sszh-kva-cw F Xv henb \nav-a-øm-wv; AXn-\p-]-Icw C\mw In n-bmepw Cs - nepw. AXp-sIm v \n߃ sszh-kva-c-wbn apgp-ip-i. Cu \mfp-iƒ A m-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-߃ hen- p-sim- p-h-cp- -Xn-\p {]txyi Zn\-ß-fm- Wv. CXn `uxn-i-amb Imcy-߃ Nn n- p- -Xn- \p-]-icw, _p n-ap- p-ifpw Bh-em-Xn-Ifpw t_m[n- n- p- -Xn\p ]I-cw, Ip -ßfpw Ipd-hp-Ifpw t\m p- -Xn\p ]Icw a\- n-t\bpw _p n-tbbpw Bflm-hn-t\bpw sszh-kva-c-w-bm {]tim-`n-x-am- p-i. Hmtcm \ -bn-te pw Nph-Sp-sh v apt -dp- I. Cu Zn\-ß-fn IqSp-X IqSp-X {]m n- p-i. \n߃ pw \nß-fpss `mcym-a- ƒ pw \nß-fpss hcpw-x-e-ap-d pw Pam-A-Øns\ tkh\w snøp- -h pw th n ZpB snøp-i. CXn apsßmsx \nxyhpw tkh\w snøp- -hcpw PohnXw hjv^v snbvx-hcpw hnhn-[-x-e-ß-fn tkh\w snøp hf- n-b am-cp-ap- v. hnhn[ \msp-i-fn tkh\w snbvxv ap I-S- p-t]mb ap_- n-kp-am pw Pam-A-Øn\pw Pam- A-Øns A`n-hr- n- pw-th n ZpB Cc- p-i. hnhn[ cmpy-ß-fn, Ct m-t\-jy-bn CuønsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ {]t m`w XpSßnbn-cn- bm-wv. Pam- A-Øns\ \ntcm-[n- -W-sa pw AXn-s -ta \nb- { Ww G s -Sp-Ø-W-sa- p-ap Bh-iy-߃ D -bn v k m-cn-s -ta kω ±w snep-øm XpS-ßn-bn-cn p- p. _ m-tz-inepw CØcw {]h-w- X-Iƒ \S- p-h-cp- p- v. Ct m-t\-jy-bn P k \S- p-tºmƒ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ B{I-aWw \S-Øp- Ibpw Bfp-Iƒ v ]cn-t -ev p-ibpw \mi-\ w D m-hp-ibpw snbvxp. \ΩpsS ti{µ-øn\p t\tcbpw B{I-a-W-ap- m-bn. {]Xy- -Øn k mcpw Ah-tcm-sSm- -am-sw p txm p- p. AXp-sIm v Cu a ±n-x-cmb Bfp-I-tfbpw \nßfpss {]m -\-bn Hm p-i. A mlp Hmtcm Alva-Zn-tbbpw Hmtcm hy n-bn \n pw kpc- n- X-am- p-am-dm-i-s. GXp-t]mse ChnsS kam-[m-\m- -co- -Øn \n߃ P k \S-Øp- pthm AXpt]mse Ahn-sSbpw P k \S-Øm-\p Ahkcw D m-ip-am-dm-i-s. ]m n-ÿm-\nepw Cu Ahkcw D m-i-s. Cu kam-[m-\m- -co w Chns- SsØ `c-w-iq-s-øns HuZm-cy-am-Wv. lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a) \sω D]-tZ-in- p-sim v ]d p: Rm aptº ]d- n- p AtX D]-tZiw Xs -bmwv Fs Pam-A-Øn\v Bh Øn- m-h Øn v F\n v \evim-\p- -Xv, Bbp- v hfsc Ipd-t -bp- q, h tpmen-iƒ snbvxp-xo t - -Xp- v. AXp-sIm v ip`-]-cy-hkm-\-øn-\mbn ]cn-{i-an- p-i. ip`-]-cy-h-km-\-ap- m-ip- Xv XJvh-bn A[n-jvTn-X-ambn Pohn- ptºm-gm-wv. Hmtcm hm pw {]h Ønbpw A m-lphns Xr]vXn- -\p-k-cn v sntø- -Xm-Wv. At mgmwv ]cy-h-km\w \ -Xm-bn-Xo-cp- -Xv. I Ω-߃ sszh-ln-x-øn- -\p-k-cn v snøp- -txmssm w \nß-fpss {]m \ sim pw AXns\ Ae- -cnt - -Xmbn hcpw. I Ω-Øn-t\m-sSm w {]m - \-bnepw {i snep-tø- -Xm-Wv. Cu Imcyw a\- n-em-bm, {]m \ sntø- -Xp-t]mse snbvxm, A m-lp-hn-t\m-sp IS-abpw kr n- I-tfm-Sp IS-abpw \nd-th- n-s m v {]m -\- bn apgp-in-bm B {]m \ \n -b-ambpw kzoi-cm l-am-ip- -Xm-Wv. ( hnh: apl-ωzv Ckvam-bn, Be- pg) 235 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 15

15 16 ep [mc-w-iƒ sh p-]p-e Øp-Ibpw snbvx kµ `- Øn. At mƒ kxy-hn-izm-kn-iƒ AXn-I-Tn-\-ambn ]co- n- -s -Sp-Ibpw Ah-cn i -amb `qiºw t]mep Ahÿ shfn- -s -Sp-Ibpw snbvxp. (33:11-12) CXn\ptijw temialvazn-iƒ A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb da-km-\n a ±n-x-cmb B Alva-Zn-Iƒ p-th n ZpBbpsS {]Xo-I-ß-fm-bn-Øo p. G hpw ap n B a ±n-x-tcm-ssm w AhcpsS Cam-ans ZpB D m-bncp- p. da-km amk-øn aq p-xcw Bfp-I-fpsS {]m -\-Iƒ A mlp XS-bp-I-bn-s v \_n(-k) Xncpta\n ]d- n- p- v. H v \oxn-am-\mb Cam-ans ZpB. as m v t\mºp- Im-c t\mºp Xpd- p-tºmƒ snøp ZpB. aq m-atøxv a ±n-xs ZpB. Ah v A mlp-hns Xncpk- n-[n-bn Jnbm-a-Øp- mƒ D -X-amb ÿm\w e`n- p-ibpw Ah mbn BIm-i-Øns Ihm-S-߃ Xpd- p-ibpw snøpw. A mlp ]dbp p: Fs am\hpw {]Xm-]-hp-amW! Aev]w Xma-kn- n- m-sw- nepw Rm Ahsc klm-bn- p-ixs snøpw. \nc-]-cm-[nifpw a ±n-x-cp-amb tam nse ktlm-zc-߃ v aq p-im-cy-ßfpw e`n- n-cp- p. A m-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-Øm Ah v \oxn-am-\mb Hcp Cam-ap- v. Ah t\mºp-imcpw a ±n-x-cp-am-bn-cp- p. {]Xm-]- hm-\mb A mlp Ah p-th n Xs am\-søsxm v kxyhpw snbvxp. AXns ^e-ambn {]kvxpx kw`hw D mbn 24 awn- q Ign- -tx-bp- q, A mlp Xs tim]-øns Zr m w shfn-s - SpØn. i -amb `qi-º-øm F mw ASn-ta adn- p. KpW-]m-T-Øns Zr n-bn-eqss t\m p- -h v A mlp-hns tim]w shfn-s -Sp-Øp Hc-S-bm-f-am- Wn-Xv. Ct v \qdp h jw aptº, 1905 G{]n 4 \v Im -S-bnse ] -X-{]-tZ-iØv Hcp `qiºap m-bn-. [dwim-e-bnse ] -X-am-bn-cp p AXns {]`-h-ti-{µw. Ahn-sS-bmWv AXv G hpw IqSp-X Zpc- -߃ hnx- Xv. CXn-\p-]p-dsa A m-eøv ] m-_nse hensbmcp ÿeøpw \mi-ap- m-bn. Cu `qiºw D m- Ip- -Xn\v Aev]w Nne amk-߃ p aptº lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a)\v A m-lp-hn \n v C lm-ap- m-bn: A^v^-Øn-±n-bmdp al- plm h apjm-aplm ""ASp- Øp-Xs Hcp \mi-and-ßm t]mip- p. A m-c-w- Øm Xm m-en-i-am-bp- m- nb Xma-k-ÿ-e-ßfpw ÿnc-xm-a-k-øn-\p- m- n-bn- p hosp-ifpw XI tej\w `qi-º-ß-fp-ss-ta `qiºw ap\o AlvaZv JmZnw, FUn- _Zv, JmZn-bm tam nse (]m- n-ÿm ) Alva-Zo-k-tlm-Z-c߃ v HtŒm-_ Ggv sh n-bmgvnsø {]`mxw- Jnbma-Øns\ Hm Ωn- n- p h `q-i-º-øns cq]-ønemwv shfn-s - -Xv. A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb da-km amk- Ønse PpapA Znhkw kp_vln \nkvim-c-øn\v XßfpsS bym c n-xm-hns k n-[n-bn km mwkw {]W-an- p- -Xn-\mbn t]mb-t mƒ, Xncn- p-ho- n-te v as-ßn-h-cn-s v B \nc-]-cm-[n-iƒ Adn- n- p- m-hn-. Ah kp_vln \nkvim-c-ønse Hcp div-aøv ]q Øn-bm- n- -gn- v, c m-asø div-a- Øn-em-bn-cp- p. s]s - mwv ]pd-øp-\n v Btcm Ahcp-sS- ta Xpcp-Xpsc \nd-sbm-gn- -Xv. s]msp- s\ F v t] kw`-h-ÿ-eøv ilo-zm-bn. Ccp-]Xv t] v ]cnt - p. X ^-e-ambn Alva-Zo-ho-Sp-I-fn Iq -\n-e-hnfn-iƒ Db p. kv{xoiƒ hn[-h-i-fm-bn. Ip n-iƒ bxow-i-fm-bn. apdn-th Xß-fpsS {]nb-s - -htc-bp-sa- SpØv Ah Bip-]-{Xn-bn-te-t m-sn. \nc-]-cm-[n-i-fmb B \nkvim-c- m-cp-tsbpw alm- m-cmb ilo-zp-am-cptsbpw NpSp-tNmc ] n-bn Xfw- si- n-\n- p. hosp-ifnseßpw Iq -\n-e-hn-fn-i-fp-tsbpw Gß-e-Sn-I-fp-tSbpw A -co- -am-bn-cp- p. ilo-zm-b-h Alva-Zn-I-fm-b-XpsIm v ]m n-ÿm k m-dnt\m AXp-ambn _ - s - hip nt\m Cu kw`-hsø A]-e-]n- m-\p Xu^oJv In n-bn-. Imc-Ww, Ah-cp-Xs ]d- n p Xv Alva-Zn-I-fp-ambn _ -s GsX- nepw kw`-h-øn kl-xm]w ImWn- p-itbm As - n A]-e-]n- p- Itbm snbvxm ap -am v tim]w hcp-sa pw AhcpsS a\ v ZpxJn- p-sa- m-wv. kw`hw \S v 24 awn- q-dm-bn pw k m-cns Hcp GP kn pw Cu kw`-hsø A]-e-]n- -W-sa t_m[-ap- m-bn F v \mw I p. kønzp\m lkvdøv Aao-dp apavan\o Jeo-^-Øp akolv Jmankv Aø- Z-lp- m-lp-x-be _n\-kvcn-ln Akokv HtŒm-_ 17\v snbvx PpapA JpXzv_-bn tam nse \nc-]-cm-[n-ifmb Cu Alva-Zn-I-fpsS ilm-zøv hnhcw temisc Adn-bn- p. Aßs\ temiw apgp-h-\p-ap Alva-Zn- Iƒ AXn-Zm-cp-W-amb B kw`-hadn p. AlvaZnøm temiøv B hm Ø Hcp `qi-º-øns {]Xo-Xn-bp- m- n. kxy-hn-izm-kn-i-fpss Ahÿ XnI pw A mlp kqdx-a-lvkm-_n ]d- -Xp-t]m-se-bm-bn. ""Ah \nß-fpss ASp- \nß-fpss apiƒ `m- K-Øp-\n pw \nß-fpss Xmgv`m-K-Øp-\n pw h -t mƒ. Zr n-iƒ ]X-dp-Ibpw lrz-b-߃ IWvT-\m-Z-ß-fn IpXn-s -Øp-Ibpw A m-lp-hn-s\- p-dn v ]e-hn-[-øn- kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 236

16 Sn-bp- -Xm-Wv. ""thz-\m-p-\-i-amb ac-w-ß-fm Jnbm-a-Øns h m-sømcp apd-hn-fn-bm-wp-b-cp- -Xv. Fßpw acn pw ac-w-ßfpw Xs.'' Aev]w Nne amk-߃ p-aptº hn m-]\w snbvx Cu C lm-ap-iƒ A\p-k-cn- p- mb `qiºw P\-ßsf Jnbm-a-Øns amxri ImWn- p. {]h-n\w hy -ambpw ]pe-cp-ibpw snbvxp. CXp-kw-_- -ambn A p-x-i-c-amb Hcp Imcyw XmcosJ Alva-Zn-øØv, hmfyw 2, t] 378- tcj-s -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p- p. lkvdøv akolv auduzv(a) 1905 G{]n 14- \v _dmlos\ Alva-Znøm Fgp-Xn-s m- n-cn- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p. Ahn-S v ""temi-sømcp Xm o-xp-im-c h p. F m temiw At±lsØ kzoi-cn n-. ]s, A mlp At±lsØ kzoi-cn- p-ibpw i n-a-ømb B{I-a-W-ß-fm At±lØns kxyx shfn-s -Sp- Øp-Ibpw snøpw'' F p C lmw FgpXn. AXv - ]p-e-cp- -Xn-\p sxfn-hp-iƒ FgpXn-ØpSßp-tºmgmWv B `qi-º-ap- m-b-xv. køn-zp\m lkvdøv Jeo-^-Øp akolv dm_n- Av(-dlv) Pam-A-Øw-K-ß-tfmSv ]d- p: akolv audu- Zv(-A)s Ime-amb 1882 apx 1908 hsc-bp Imeß-fn kw`-hn- -Xp-t]m-ep Imcy-߃ \qdp-h j- Øn-\p-tijw 1982 apx 2008 hsc-bp Ime-b-f-hn Bh Øn- -s -Sp- -Xmbn ImWp- p. AXv 1982 apx Xs Bh Øn- p- -Xmbn \mw I p-h-cp p F Xv B -cym-h-lw-x-s. Cu Ime-Øn-\n-S-bn KpP-dmØv kwÿm-\-ønse kqd-øn tπkns Ncn{Xw Bh Øn- -s - p. ]n osv kqcy-n{µ {Kl- W-ß-fpsS AS-bm-f-Øns Ncn-{Xhpw Bh Øn- s - p. \qdp-h jw Ign- -t mƒ IrXyw Im_qƒ ho pw KpW-]m-T-Øn-\p AS-bm-f-am-bn- Øo p. \nc-]-cm-[n-ifpw a ±n-x-cp-amb ilozv lkvdøv A p- -Øo^v kmln-_n-t bpw lkvdøv A p d-lvam kmln-_n-t (d)bpw ilm-z-øn-\ptijw B aæn Hcp e -tømfw Bfp-Iƒ timfd _m[n v acn- n-cp- p. Cu kw`hw \S v IrXyw \qdph jw Ign- -t mƒ Im_q-fnse P\X "]c-kv]cw snbvx PnlmZn'epw Ata-cn snbvx Pnlm-Znepw e - -W- n\v Bfp-Iƒ sim -s - pign- ncn- p- p. C{]-Im-cw-Xs \qdp-h jw Ign- -t mƒ ] -X-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn D{K-amb `qiºw \miw hnx- n-cn- p- p. ]nsn-hm-in- mcpw bmym-ÿn-xn-i-cp-amb Bfp-Iƒ CXv AwKo-I-cn- n F -Xn kwi-b-an-. ]t, \oxn-t_m-[-ap- -hcpw AXns\ C -s -Sp- -hcpw sszh-hn-izm-kn-i-fp-amb P\-߃ XpS -bm- bp- m- -Ip Cu kw`-h-ß-fpss IÆn-Isf I n v Ahsb k - -\mb A m-lp-hns AS-bm-f-ambn AwKo-I-cn- p- -Xm-Wv. Jeo-^-Øp akolv Jmankv Aø-Z-lp mlv 2005 HtŒm-_ 14- mw XnøXn snbvx JpXz-v_-bn ]d p. \nc-]-cm-[n-ifpw a ±n-x-cp-amb tam nse Alva-Zn- Iƒ p- mb ZmcpW-amb kw`-h-øn R߃ ZpxJn- p- -Xp-t]m-se-Xs, AXn-s\-Xp-S v 24 awn- q-dn- \p-tijw D mb `qi-º-ønepw R߃ ZpxJn- p- Ibpw thz-\n- p-ibpw snøp- p. a\p-jy-ip-e-øn\v FhnsS hnj-a-ß-fp- m-bmepw Alva-Znøm Pam-AØv ITn-\-amb thz-\b-\p-`-hn- m-dp- v. {]m -\-sim- p klmbw am{x-a adn- v, R߃ p Ign-hp- Iƒ aptj\ klm-bn- m\pw R߃ ]cn-{i-an- p- p. Ign kp\m-an-bpss \mfp-i-fn {ioe- -bnepw Ct m-t\-jy-bnepw C y-bnepw Pam-A-Øns klmb-sa-øn. KpP-dm-Øn-ep- mb `qi-ºm-h-k-c-øn e - -W- n\v cq] Pam-A-Ø-hnsS klm-b-ambn sne-hgn- p. FhnsS sh -s m- -ap- m-bmepw simsp- m- p- m-bmepw a p-x-c-øn-ep hn]-øp- m-bmepw Alva- Znøm Pam-AØv kr n-tk-h-\-cw-køv ap ]- n-bn-ep- m-bn-cn- p- -Xm-Wv. C pw Cu `qi-º-øn Zpc- ߃ n-c-bm-b-hsc klm-bn- m\pw ico-chpw a\ pw [\-hpw-sim v XymKw snøm\pw R߃ Xøm-dm-Wv. \nc-]-cm-[n-ifpw a ±n-x-cp-amb tam nse ilo-zm-b-hcpss ]n Km-an-I-tfbpw hn[-h-i-tfbpw bxow-i-tfbpw klm-bn- m Bsc- nepw apt m- p-h- mepw th n h n-s - nepw th n. AXp-t]m-se-Xs Kpcp-X-c-ambn ]cn-t - -hsc NnIn- n- m\pw Ahsc kam-[m-\n- n- m\pw Bsc- nepw apt m v h mepw th n h n-s - nepw th n- Alva-Zn-Iƒ AhcpsS kr n-bp-t±iyw cm]-i \n hln p-sim- n-cn- p-ix-s - snøpw. A m-lp-hn-t\m-sp ISa \n ln- p- -Xn \n v Ahsc XS- mepw Ah A mlp-hn-t\m-sp ISa \nd-th- p- -Xm-Wv. Alva-Zn-I-fpsS c -Øn-\p-th n Zmln- p- -hcpw Ahsc FXn p- -h-cpam-sw- n t]mepw Ah-tcm-Sp ISa \nd-th- p- -Xn Alva-Zn-Iƒ Bcp-sSbpw ]n n-em-hp-i-bn-. F m-bmepw Ct m-gp- mb Cu `qi-º-øn \n v A{I-an-Iƒ Xo -bmbpw ]mtw ]Tn-t - -Xm-sW v ]d-bmsx hø. a ±n-x-cpss s\sp-ho p-i-fn \n v c -s -ts- -Xm-Wv. ]m]-ß-fptsbpw A{I-a-ßfptSbpw hnf-`q-an-bm-bn-cn- p-ibpw sszh-\n-tbm-kn-xs\-xn-cn Al- m-chpw s]mß- hpw ImWn- p-ibpw snøp aæv sszh-tim-]søbmwv Wn- p-h-cp-øp- Xv ]m n-ÿm Akwªn Alva-Zn-Isf Aapkvenw \yq\-]- -ambn {]Jym-]n- p- -Xn-\p aptº Alva-Zn-Isf Aapkvenw \yq\-]- -ambn {]Jym-]n apk-^-dm-_mzv Akwªn tn B apk-^-dm-_mzv Xs -bt ASn-ta ad pins p- -Xv. AXns\ XpS v ]m n-ÿm - A-kw-ªn-bnepw Cu \nbaw ]mkm- p-i-bp- m-bn. Ah hnip- -Jp -B AwKo- I-cn- p- -h-cm-sw- n Ipd- -] w sszh-\n-tbm- Kn-X-cpsS FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ p- mb kw`-h-ß-sf- nepw hmbn- p-t\m- p-i. A mlp C q- v ip -amb _p n {]Zm\w snøp-am-dm-i-s. 237 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 17

17 tej\w auehn \mkn AlvaZvv JmZn-bm, Zmdp Aam AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns ÿm]-i lkvdøv an km Kpemw AlvaZv(A)s ]q -]n- Xm- -fn Hcm-fmb t] jy hwi-p lkvdøv an km Kpemw lmzn-t_kv Ccp- q-tdmfw t]c-s-ßp Hcp kwl-hp-ambn ka Jµn \n pw ]emb\w snbvxv _nbmkv \Zn v Ggv \mgni AI-sebp Hcp {Kma-Øn Xma-k-ap-d- n- p. B {]tz-iamwv C v temi-{]-ikvx-amb JmZn-bm. Chn-sSbmWv 1835 s^{_p-hcn 13- mw XnøXn lkvdøv an km Kpemw Alva-Zv(-A) `qpm-x-\m-b-xv sabv 26- mw XnøXn emtlm-dn sh v At±lw Cl-tem- I-hmkw shsn- -t mƒ At±-l-Øns P\mk sim p-h v J_-d-S- n-bxpw Cu JmZn-bm-\n Xs -bm-wv. hmkvz-ø- alvzn a-ko-lv lkvdøv an km Kpemw AlvaZns P -ÿ-ehpw At±-l-w A y-hn-{iawsim p ÿe-hp-am-b-xp-sim v C v JmZn-bm temi-sø-hn-ssbpw Adn-b-s -Sp Hcp ÿe-ambn amdn-bn-cn- p- p se C ym- -]m v hn`-p-\-im-eøv JmZnbms {]m -{]-tz-i-amb _ m-e, KpcpZmkv]q, ]Tm tim- v, Aar-Xvk XpS-ßnb ÿe-ß-fn-ep Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øn-s _ -ssh-cn-iƒ JmZnbms\ \in- n- p-sa pw Ahn-sSsØ an\m-c-øp akolv XI sø-dn-bp-sa pw hoc-hmzw apg- n-bncp- p. am{x-a-, _nlniv-øna-jv_-d-bnse J_-dp- I-sf mw s]mfn- p-am- p-sa pw Ah hoºn-f- nbn-cp- p. F m, Cu FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS J_-dp- Ifpw ] n-ifpw ]n- osv hn]m-s\w snø-s Xm- Wv temiw I -Xv. JmZn-bm- C v P\-km-K-c- Øns {]`-h-ÿm-\-am-hp-ibpw snbvxn-cn- p- p. lkvdøv hmkvz-ø alvzn -a-ko-lns J_ s]mfns dnbp-sa v ]d- -h-cpss J_-dp-Iƒ Cs -hn-sss-b nepap-t m? F m, JmZn-bm-\n hmkvzø alvzn ako-lns J_ ÿm\w C pw ` -P-\-ß-fm Xnßn-\n-d-bp A p-x-im-gvnbmwv \mw ImWp- -Xv. JmZn-bm-s\- p-dn v hmkvzø alvzn ako-lmb lkvdøv an km Kpemw Alva-Zv(-A) ]d-bp p: ""JmZn-bm-\m-Ip Cu hnp-\-{]-tz-isø A mlp P\-\n-_n-V-{]-tZ-i-am n am p- -Xm-Wv. Hmtcm \m nse P\-ßfpw ChnsS Hcp-an- p-iq-sp- -Xm-Wv.'' (_-dm-los\ Alva-Zn-øm, hmfyw 5, t] 95) ""Hcp Imew hcpw A v JmZn-bm Hcp kxyhms ÿe-am- -sw v kqcy-s\-t]mse AXv {]tim- `n-x-ambn sxfn-bn- pw.'' (Zm-^n-D _em, dqlm\n Jkm-bn, hmfyw 18 t] 231) ""Cu {]tziw _nbmkv \Zn-hsc hym]n- p- - Xmbn Rm Z i-\-øn I n-cn- p- p.'' (X-ZvInd, t] 782) ""\mw Hcp Pm{K-Xm-Z i-\-øn ImWp-I-bp- mbn. JmZn-bm Hcp alm-\-k-c-am-bn-øo n-cn- p- p. AXns AßmSn IsÆ-Øm-Ø{X Zqcw-hsc FØn-bn-cn- p- p. Db Ccp-\ne si n- -S-ßfpw \mep-\ne si n-s-ßfpw at\m-l-c-amb IS-Ifpw AhnsS \n Ωn- -s - n-cn- p- p. XSn- p-sim-gpø IpS-h-b-d m-cmb tktp-am Ch-cmWv Aßm-Sn v am p-iq- p- -Xv IS-I-fn-en-cn- p- p- v. Ah-cpsS apøp-ifpw ]hn-g-ßfpw hne-]n-sn a p hkvxp- fpw ]W-hp-sa mw Ip p-iqsn InS- p- p. hnhn-[-bn\w km[-\-߃ hnev p IS-Iƒ at\m-l-c-amb hkvxp -fm an n-øn-f-ßp-i-bm-wv. AXp-t]m-se- Xs ]e-xcw hml-\-ß-fpss Xn pw Xnc pw ImcWw hgn-i-sf mw CSp-ßn-b-Xmbn A\p-`-h-s - Sp- p.'' (X-ZvIn-d, 419) ]pwy-ÿ-e-߃ hmkvzø alvzo- a-ko-lmb lkvdøv an km Kpemw Alva-Zv(-A)s Hcp klm-_n-bm-bn-cp lkvdøv anbm apl-ωzv A p m kmln_v k\u-cn(d) Xs JmZn-bm kµ i-\-sø- p-dn v C{]-Imcw hnh-cn- p- p. ""Rm JmZn-bm CS-bv nss kµ in- m-dp- v. ChnsS h m ]e-t mgpw Nne Jp -B-\nI hn- \-ß-fpsS Bibw s]s v F n Xpd- -s -Smdp- v. Fs lrz-b-øn Jp -B-\nI m\- Øns Hcp `mfiw-xs CS-s - -Xmbn F\n v A\p-`-h-s - n- p- v. hnip- -Jp -Bs m\w \evin-s m- mwv Xm Ab- -s - -sx pw AXns\ tkhn- p-i-sb- -XmWv Xs I Ø-hysa pw AXp-sIm v Xs kmao-]y-øm Cusbmcp KpWw F m-h pw e`n-t - -Xm-sW pw lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) ]d-bm-dp- v.'' (ko-d- Øp alvzn, hmfyw- 1, t] 101) lkvdøv kmln_v kmzm A p- -Øo^v kmln_v ilozv(d) ]d-bp- p. ""dkq Xncp-ta-\n (k)-bpss t]cn IqSp-Xembn kzemøv snm p- -hcpw lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s IpSpw- _sø kvt\ln- p- -h-cp-amwv JmZn-bm-\n kpjambn Pohn- p-i.'' (A ^kv C \m-j-w, 18 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 238

18 Pqsse 2003) akvpnzv ap_m-div emwv akvpnzv ap_m-div \n Ωn- -Xv. akvpnzv AJvkm t\c-sø-bp- m-bn-cp- p. akvpnzv ap_mdiv lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s hosn-t\msp tn p ] n-bm-wv. BZyw hfsc sndnb ] nbm-bn-cp p CXv. Camw Ign- m BdmƒhoXw \nev m Ign-bp c v k^v^pw Ccp-]-tXmfw t] v \nev m Ign-bp _m n-`m-k-hp-am-wp- -mbn-cp- -Xv. BZy-Im-eØv ChnsS _m pw CJma-Øp-sa mw lkvdøv alvzn akolv(a) Xs bmwv \n -ln- n-cp- -Xv. Ccp-]-Øn-\mev h jw-hsc Cu ] n Cu Ah-ÿ-bn Xs -bm-bn-cp- p lkvdøv ao \mkn \hm_v kmln-_ns ta t\m- -Øn sx p-`m-k-tø v ] n \o n-sb- Sp-Øp. AXm-b-Xv, C pimwp- -Xns ]Ip-Xn-`m- Kw-h-sc. C p-im-wp {X hni-kn- n- Xv c mw Jeo-^-bpsS Ime-Øm-bn-cp- p. BZysØ ] n-bpss \mep-`m-køpw sndnb an- \m-c-ß-fp- m-bn-cp- p. Pam-AØv ÿm]n-x-ambn ]ecpw JmZn-bm-\n hcm XpS-ßn-b-t mƒ Cu ] n-bpss api-fn Ccn- n-s-ap- m- p-ibpw akvcn- _n-\p-tijw lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) Xs injy-cp-samøv AhnsS Ccn- m-dp-ap- m-bn-cp- p. hn m-\-ß-fpss Cu kz v "Z _msc imw' F mwdn-b-s - n-cp- -Xv. hmkvzø alvzn Camans kxy-km- y-øn-\mbn shfn-s -Sp c S-bmfßsf v Xncp-\_n(k) {]h-n\w snbvx kqcy- N-{µ-{K-l-W-ßfn kqcy-{k-lww G{]n 16- \v (1311 da-km 28- \v) lkvdøv alvzn akolv (A) Cu ] n-bpss api-fn \n- mwv Z in- -Xv. akvpnzv ap_m-d- n-s\- p-dn- p shfn-]m-sp-iƒ Aew- \-P-vA kplq-e-ø ^o Ip n- Aw-dn _bvøp ^nivdn h _bvøp±nivdn ha ZJelp Im\ Ban\m 1. (A- mlp ]d- p) \mw \n\ v F m Imcyßfpw Ffp- -am- n-ø- n-t? \n\ v ss_øp ^nivdpw ss_øp±nivdpw X n- nt? B CXn {]th-in- p- pthm Ah v kam-[m\w e`n- p- -Xm-Wv. (X-ZvInd:105) 2. Bflm -X-tbmSpw kzp-t±-iy-tømspw bym hnizm-k-tøm-spw-iqsn Bcm-[-\bv mbn Cu ss_øp-±n-ivdn {]th-in- p- -h tami-amb ]cy-h-km-\-øn \n pw kpc- n-x-cm-bn-cn- pw. (X- ZvInd:106) 3. "ap_m-cn-ip hap-_m-d-ip hip p Awdn ap_m-d-ip bppv-aep ^oln' Cu ] n A\p-{K-l-߃ \evip- Xpw A\p-{K-ln- -s - -Xpam-Wv. A\p-{K-lo-X-amb F m {]h Øn-Ifpw CXn snø-s -Spw. (X-ZvIn-d:106) akvpnzv ap_m-d- n-s\- p-dn v lkvdøv tumœ ao apl-ωzv Ckvam-bo kmln_v(d) hnh-cn- p- p. ""C -tø- mƒ IqSp-X-embn \nkvim-c-ß-fn P\-߃ A v Ic-bp- Xv Cu hn\o-x I n- p- v. ]- n-bpss Hmtcm aqe-i-fn \n pw Gß-e-Sni- -߃ tiƒ m-am-bn-cp- p. Xs Pam-A-Øw- K-ß-fpsS Cu Ic- n-ens\ hfsc A`n-am-\-tØm-Sp- Iq-Sn- lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) FSp-Øp-]-d-bp- Ibpw snøm-dp- v.'' c mw Jeo^ an km _io-dp-±o alvaqzv Alva- Zv(-d) C{]-Imcw ]d-bp p: ""JmZn-bm-\n hcp- -h \nxyhpw Hcp t\csø \nkvim-c-sa- nepw akvpnzv ap_m-d-in \nkvi-cn- m {ian-t - -Xm-Wv.'' ( ) sna ajnøp nhow -apdn akvpnzv ap_m-d- ns ]g-b-`m-køv Ing v GWn- -Sn-bpsS ASp-ØmWv Cu apdn \ne-sim- p- -Xv. lnpvd 1302 da-km 27- mw XnøXn sh nbmgvn (1885 Pqsse 10) lkvdøv alvzn akolv(a) Cu sndnb apdn-bn Xe ]Sn- mdp`mk-øm nbpw apjw hs-t m v Aev]w Xncn pw InS- p-i-bm-bncp- p. Hcp ssi D]-[m-\-ambn Xe-bv -Sn-bnepw at ssi s\ nbpw sn nbpw ad-bp-amdv Xe-bv p-ap-ifnepw sh n-cp- p. At±-l-Øn-s {]ox-in-jy-\mb ap in A p m kmln_v k\u-cn(-d) At±-l- Øns Im Aa Øn-s m v sxm -Sp-Øp- m-bncp- p. B InS- n lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) Hcp Z i\w I p. `mhn-bn kw`-hn- m-\p Nne hn[n-hn-e- p-iƒ kz w ssiiƒsim v FgpXn AXv H n-sp-hn- p- -Xn-\mbn A m-lp-hns khn- [-Øn ka n- p. At mƒ A mlp hn[n- I Øm-hns cq]-øn Ccn- p- -XmWv I -Xv. CXn H n-sp- -Xn-\mbn sna- -a-jn- p- n-bn t]\ ap n H p IpS- p. F n v B IS-em-kn H n- p. (CXv Pm{K-Xm-Z i-\-am-sw v Hm t - -Xm- Wv.) Z i-\-øn I Cu ajn-xp- n-iƒ _mlyambn lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s Pp -bnepw a pw ImW-s - p.'' Cu kw`hw \S apdn-bmwnxv. Z i-\-øn ImWp- Xv _mly-ambn Fßs\ kw`-hn- p-sa- Xv Hcp Zo L-hn-j-b-am-b-Xp-sIm v ChnsS hni-zo-i-cn- p- n-. A mlphn\v C mø Ah-ÿ-bn \n v kr n- m Ign-bp-a-t m. _bvøp ^niv akvpnzv ap_m-d-ins hs- p-h-i-øv ] n-tbmsp tn n- p apdn mwv _bvøp ^niv F p ]d-bp- -Xv. Cu apdn-bpss P\ akvpnzv ap_m-d- ns ]g-b-`m-k-tø mwv Xpd- -s -Sp Xv. Cu apdnbpss hoxn ]Ø-Snbpw \ofw ]Xn-aq v ao -dpam-wv. ChnsSsh- mwv hmkvzø alvzn akolv(a) XpS- -Øn {KŸ-c-N\ \S-Øn-bn-cp- Xv. _dmlos\ Alva-Znø F hniz-{]-kn- -IrXn ChnsS sh mwv cnn- -Xv. Cu apdn \nkvim-c-øn\pw ZpB- 239 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 19

19 bv pw-th n Ft mgpw Xpd- n- n-cn- p- p. lkvdøv AΩm-Pm (d)- Xma-kn ÿew _bvøp ^nivdnt\msv tn v hs- p-h-i-øv ImWp Aev]w \ofw-iq-snb apdn-bm-wn-xv. CXns \ofw 23 ASnbpw hoxn 12 ASn-bp-am-Wv. lkvdøv an km _io Alva-Zv(-d) CXn-s\- p-dn v ]d-bp- p. ""_bvøp-±p-b-bpss Ing- p-h-i-øp-ff apdnbpw Ncn-{X-{]m-[m-\y-ap- Xpw ]pwyw \nd- - Xp-am-Wv. lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) Xs Ahkm-\-\n-an-j-߃ sne-h-gn- Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. ]n osv lkvdøv AΩm-Pm Chn-sS-bm-bn-cp p Xma-kn- n-cp- -Xv. Chn-sS-sh v lkvdøv alvzn akolv (A)\v ]e C lm-ap-ifpw D m-bn- p- v. CXv _bvøp ^nivdn-s -Xs `mk-am-sw- mwv lkvdøv AΩm-Pm (-d) ]d-bm-dp- m-bn-cp- -Xv. ChnsS-sh pw ZpB snøm-hp- -Xm-Wv.'' _bvøp-±pb lkvdøv ba-vjq_en kmln_v C ^m\n (-d) hnh-cn- p- p. ""lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) bm-{xbn-em-sw- nepw As - nepw ZpB snøm Hcp ÿew {]txy-i-ambn \np-s -Sp-Øp-am-bn-cp- p. AXns\ _bvøp-±pb F mwv ]d-bm-dp- m-bncp- -Xv. Rm Fhn-sS-sb mw Aß-bp-sS-IqsS bm{x snbvxn- pt m Ahn-sS-sb mw F\n v ImWm km[n- Xv ZpB-bv p-th n Hcp ÿew Ahn-S v {]txy-i-ambn \np-s -Sp-Øp XmWv. F n v Ipd- pkabw ZpB-bv p-th n {]txy-i-s -Sp-Øp- Ibpw Ahn-sS-t]mbn ZpB-bn-c- p-ibpw snøpw. XpS- -Øn JmZn-bm-\n Xs Xma-k-ÿ-e-Øp- Xs ZpB snbvxp-sim- n-cp- p. ]n osv akvpnzv ap_md v AXn-\mbn hn\n-tbm-kn- p. AXn-\p-tijw A m-lp-hns CwKn-X-{]-Imcw akvpnzv ap_m-dipw Bsf-s m v \nd-bm XpS-ßn-b-t mƒ GIm- ambn {]m n- m ho n-semcp _bvøp-±pb \n Ωn- p-i-bp- m-bn.'' CXmWv Ct m-gsø _bvøp-±p-b. _bvøp-±p-b-sb- p-dn v lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) ]d-bp p. ""C\n F{X-Imew Pohn- psa v ]d-bm ] n \-SpØv {]mb-sa-øn-bn-cn- p- p. acww Ft mƒ hcp-sa v sszh-ønt\ Adn-bq. \ap- m-sw- n tpmen Hcp-]mSv snbvxp- Xo m-\p-ap- v. XqenI-bpsS i n bn- n-cn- p- p. hmfm-sw- n, AsX-Sp- m-\p sszhn-i-iev]-\-bp-an-. AXn-\m, \mw BIm-i-Øn-te v ssibp-b Øp-Ibpw Ah-\n \n- p-xs i n Ic-ÿ-am- m th n thdn Hcp apdn AXn-\mbn \n Ωn- p-ibpw snbvxp. F n v C{]-Imcw ZpB snbvxp. A m-lp-th, Cu akvpnzp _bvøns\ AYhm _bvøp-±p-bsb im n-bp-tsbpw kam-[m- \-Øn-t bpw tkl-am- n-am-t -W-ta. CXns\ i{xp- -fp-ss-ta {]I-S-amb sxfn-hp-ifpw Ahsc \njv{]-`-am- p AS-bm-fßfpw aptj\ hnpbw hcn- p hosm- n-xo p-ibpw sntø-w-ta.'' _bvøp dnbm-føv tem, 76- tem XpS -bmbn Ft m HºtXm amkw lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) cl-ky-ambn t\msº-spø ÿe-amwv _bvøp dnbm-f-øv. Cu Zn\-ß-fn Chn-sS-sh v AXn-kq- va-amb Iiv^p-Iƒ Z in- p-ibpw Ign- p-i-s D -Xÿm-\o-b-cmb Huen-bm- - m-tcbpw a pw Z i-\- Øn ImWp-Ibpw snbvxp. DW n-cn- p Ahk-c-Øn Øs Hcn- \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\ntbbpw lkvdøv Camw lk, lkvdøv Camw lpssk, lkvdøv Aen, lkvdøv ^mxzn-a (d.lpw) F n-htcbpw ImWp-I-bp- m-bn.'' ChnsS-sh pw ZpB snøm-hp- Xpw \^v \nkvi-cn- m-hp- -Xp-a-mWv. lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) P\n apdn A±m F si n-s-øn lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) P\n apdn ImWm-hp- -Xm-Wv. Jeo-^-Øp akolv km\n(-d) P\n apdn A±m-dn Xs c mw Jeo-^-bmb apkvenlv audu-zv lkvdøv an km _io-dp-±o alvaqzv Alva-Zv(-d) P\n apdnbpw ImWm-hp- -Xm-Wv. akvpnzv AJvkm køn-zp\m lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s hµy- ]n-xmhv lkvdøv an km Kpemw ap ØZm kmln- _mwv Cu ] n-\n Ωm-W-Øn-\mbn c v Aßm-Sn- I-fp-tSbpw CS-bv p Db -ÿew Fgp- qdv cq]bv v hmßp-ibpw ] n v Xd- - n-sp- Ibpw snbvxxv Pq amk-øn AXns \n Ωm-Ww ]q Øn-bm-bn. lkvdøv alvzn akolv (A)\v A v \mev]xv hb- m-bn-cp- p. A m-eøv At±lØn\v Hcp-hm-Zhpap m-bn-cp- n-. JmZn-bm- \n CXp-Iq-SmsX a p ] n-ifpw \ne-hn-ep- mbn-cp- p. C{Xbpw henb ]ffn \n Ωn- -t mƒ P- \߃ Bt -]n- m XpS-ßp-Ibpw ]ecpw ]cnl-kn- p-ibpw snbvxp. aqß-iƒ hne-kp Cu ÿeøv \nkvi-cn- m Bcv hcm-\m-sw v Ah ]cn-l-kn- p-sim v tnmzn- p. F m C v P\-k-l-{k-ß-sf-s m v Cu ] n \nd-bp- p. Cu ] n-bpss ]g-b-`mkhpw AXn-t\mSp tn p ap hpw, InWdpsa mw AtX-t]m-se- Xs C p-ap- v Pq 2 \v lkvdøv an km Kpemw ap ØZm kmln_v h^m-øm-b-t mƒ At±l-Øns hkn-bøv {]Imcw ] n-tbmsv tn ÿe-øp-xs At±-lsØ ad-hp-sn-bvxp. BZysØ ] n-bn 200 Bƒ v Hcp-an v \nkvi-cn- m km[n- p-am-bn-cp- p. Pam-AØv cq]o-i-cn- -s - -Xn-\p-tijw ] n-bn ÿew axnbm-imsx hcn-ibpw Ing- p-`m-k-tø v ] n hym]n- n- p-ibpw snbvxp. CXp-aqew ]nxm- 20 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 240

20 hns J_ ] n-bpss ap Ømbn. icn- p J_ Ct m-gp ] n-bpss GgSn Xmgv`m-K-Øm- Wv. P\-߃ J_-dn\p api-fn-eqss \S- m-xn-cn- p- -Xn-\p-th n AXn\p api-fn sndnb Np paxn si n Db Ønbn-cn- pibmwv ] n hoxn-iq- n-b-t mƒ ap Øv sh - \- -{X-ß-fpsS AS-bm-f-ap C n-i-bmwv ]Xn- n-cp- -Xv. AXn-t mgpw ImWmw. ] n hep-xm- nb-t mƒ 2000 t] v \nkvi-cn- m-\p kuicyw e`n- p lkvdøv Jeo-^-Øp akolv A (-d)dw Jeo-^-Øp akolv km\n (d)dw CXns\ ho pw hn]p-eo-i-cn- p P\phcn 7 mw XnøXn sh n-bmgvn PpapA JpXzv_ \n ln- p-hm lkvdøv Jeo-^-Øp km\n ChnsS BZy-ambn D -`m-jnwn D]-tbm-Kn p. Cu ] n-bn lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) \nkvi-cn- m-dp- m-bn-cp- p. Cu ] n-bpss ]gb ÿeøv (]- n-bpss he-xp-h-iw) \Sp-hn-esØ anlvdm-_n \n- m-bn-cp p lkvdøv alvzn akolv (A) G{]n 11- mw XnøXn _en-s]-cp- m-fn\v Ad-_n-`m-j-bn s]cp- mƒ JpXzv_ \n -ln - Xv. JpXzv_ C lm-anb F t]cn Cu {]`mjww {]kn- o-i-cn- n- p- v. Cu ] n-bn sh- mwv 1891 Unkw-_ 27- mw XnøXn BZysØ P km kmem\ \S- -Xv. 75 t]cmwv A -Xn ]s -Sp-Ø-Xv se P k Hgn-sI-bp lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s ImeØv \S F m P -k-ifpw akvpnzv AJvkbn sh- p-x-s -bmwv \S- -Xv. lkvdøv Jeo-^- Øp akolv A -ens ImesØ BZy A v P -k-ifpw Chn-sS-sh- mwv \S- -Xv. an\m-c-øp akolv akvpnzv AJvk-mbpsS A -W-Øn-emWv an\m-c- Øp akolv \ne-sim- p- -Xv am v 13- mw XnøXn sh n-bmgvn lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) CXn\v Xd- - n- p. CXns \n Ωm-W-w ]q Øn-bmbXv 1916 Unkw-_-dnem-Wv. Cu at\m-l-c-amb an\mc-øns Dbcw 105 ASn-bm-Wv. CXns api-fn Ib-dp- -Xn\v 92 ]Sn-I-fp- v. Cu an\m-c-\n Ωm-W- Øn\v \qdp-cq] hoxw Nµ \evin-b-h-cpss t]cp- Iƒ AXn simøn-sh- n- p- v. CXns \n ΩmtWm-t±iyw hnh-cn- p-sim v lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) ]d-bp- p. 1. CXns api-fn Ibdn A p-t\-chpw apa±n _m p-hn-fn- p-ibpw em Ceml C mlv F i w Hmtcm snhn-bnepw ams men sim p- Ibpw thww. 2. BIm-i-Øp-\n v {]Imiw Cd-tß Imeam-Wn-sX v P\-߃ a\- n-em- m CXns apifn Hcp hnf v sxfn- -Ww. 3. ka-b-a-dn-bn- p- -Xn-\p LSn-Imcw CXns api-fn ÿm]n- -Ww. CXp-aqew P\-߃ AhcpsS ka-b-a-dn-bpibpw ka-b-øns hne a\- n- em- p-ibpw thww. _nlnivxn ajv_d JmZn-bm-\nse ]pwy-ÿ-e-ß-fn-sem- v _nlnivxn ajv_-d-bm-wv. Chn-sS-bmWv 1908 sabv 27- mw XnøXn apx lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) A y-hn-{iaw sim p -Xv. "A h-kn-øøv' F {KŸ-Øn Cu J_ ÿm-\n-s\- p-dn v lkvdøv alvzn akolv(- A) hnh-cn- p- p- v. lkvdøv alvzn akolv(- A)s J_-dn- h v hnizm-kn-iƒ knbm-døv snøm-dp- v. ZpB sntø- -cq]w Xmsg hnh-cn- mw. ZpB snøp-tºmƒ Ccp-ssI-I-fp-ap-b Øn BZyw kqdx-^m-ønl HmXp-Ibpw kzemøv snm p- Ibpw thww. XpS v kz w `mj-bn C{]-Imcw ZpB snøm-hp- -Xm-Wv. ""Rm\n v lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s J_-dn- -Sp-ØmWv \nev p- -Xv. Rß-fpsS `mk-øp-\n v Xncp-\-_n-bpsS kemw \o At±-l-Øn\v FØn-t -W-ta. A m-lp-th, Ckvemans ]p\ P-\-\-Øn-\mbn Ahn-S v cq]o-i-cn Cu Pam-AØpw At±lw temi-øn\v ka n hnip- -Jp -B-t bpw lzo-kp-i-fp-tsbpw A ym- ]-\-ßfpw P\-߃ kzoi-cn- p-hm A\p-{K-lnt -Wta. F\n pw Fs a ƒ pw Pam-A-Ønse apgp-h AwK-߃ pw Cu A ym-]-\-a-\p-k-cn v Pohn- p-hm-\p Xu^oJv \o \evti-w-ta. Jnem- ^sø Alva-Zn-ømsb ]q Æ-amb coxn-bn A\pk-cn- m-\p ku`m-kyhpw F\n p \o \evti-wta. Jeo-^-Øp ako-lns\ dqlp JpZvkp-sIm v \o klm-bn-t -W-ta. Cu J_ ÿm-\n ad-hpsn-ø-s - -h pw temi-øp F m aqknam pw \ns ImcpWyw \o {]Zm\w snøp-ibpw Cu A\p-Kr-lo-X-]- -Xn-bn Rß-tfbpw AwK-ßfm-t Wta.'' CXn-\p-tijw kz - m p th nbpw _ p- ƒ p-th- nbpw ZpB snøp-i. _nlnivxn ajv_-d-bn-ep {][m\ ÿe-߃ _nlnivxn ajv_d 17 G ÿe-am-wv. CXv lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s IpSpw_kzØmb Hcp txm ambn-cp- p. ]n osv Ipd- p-iqsn ÿew hmßn CXns\ hn]p-eo-i-cn- p-i-bp- m-bn. BZyambn ChnsS J_-d-S- n-bxv lkvdøv auehn A p Icow kmln_v knbm t m- n(-d) sbbmwv HtŒm-_ 11- \v fplv \nkvim-c-øn- \p-ti-j-amwv auehn kmln_v JmZn-bm-\n h^m- Øm-b-Xv. A p-x-s sship-t cw lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) At±-l-Øns P\mk \nkvicn- n- p-ibpw as mcp J_-v -ÿm-\n Aam-\- Ømbn AS- p-ibpw snbvxp. Unkw-_ 26- \v fplv Akv \nkvim-c-øn-\p-tijw At±-l- Øns Xm_qØv ]pd-sø-sp- p-ibpw Unkw-_ 27- \v 10 awn v Hcp henb P\m-h-en-bpsS km n- 241 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 21

21 y-øn lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) P\mk \nkvi-cn- p-ibpw _nlnivxn ajv_-d-bn J_-d-S- p-ibpw snbvxp. Chn-sSsØ BZysØ J_v At±-l-Øn-t -Xm-Wv. lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s J_vdn\v he- Xp-h-iØv lkvdøv l ow \qdp-±o kmln-_v (d)s J_-dm-Wv. CS-Xp-h-iØv Btcbpw AS- nbn- n-. Cu ÿew lkvdøv DΩp apa-van-\o kønzm \pkvdøv Plmw _okw kmln-_(-d) v th n Hgn- n- n-cn- p-i-bm-wv G{]n 20- \pw 21\pw CS-bv p cm{xn-bn-emwv d_vh-bn sh v Ah h^m-øm-b-xv. Ah-cpsS hkn-øøv C{]- Im-c-am-Wv. ""Fs JmZn-bm-\n-se-Øn- -Ww. ChnsS sh -cp-xv.'' Ct mƒ DΩp apav-an-\os P\mk Aam-\-Øm-bn- mwv d_vh-bn adhv snbvxn-cn- p- -Xv. F{X-bp-thKw Cu hkn-øøv ]q Øn-bm- m ku`mkyw In p- -Xn-\mbn F m-hcpw {]m n-t - -Xm-Wv. i{xp- ƒ J_vdp-Isf A]-am-\n- p- -Xn \n pw XS-bp- -Xn-\mbn CXn-\p-Np pw axn si p-i-bp- m-bn. _nlnivxn ajv_-d-bnse {][m\ J_vdp-Iƒ F m-hcpw kµ in- p- Xv \ - Xm-Wv. AXn-se-gp-Xnb t]cp-ifpw Ah-cpsS {lkz- N-cn-{Xhpw hmbn v ap X-e-ap-dsb kvacn- m CXpap-tJ\ km[n- pw. lkvdøv AΩm-Pm (-d)-bpss hosv lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a)s akm-dn\v ]Sn- mdv hiøv Hcp hosv \ap v ImWm km[n- pw. CXns\ lkvdøv AΩm-Pms hosv F mwv ]d-bm-dv sabv 27- mw XnøXn emtlm-dn \n v lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s P\mk JmZn-bm- \n FØn-b-t mƒ Cu hosns \Sp-hn-esØ apdnbn-emwv sh n-cp- -Xv. Xß-fpsS {]nb- alvzo a-kolns\ Ah-km-\-ambn klm-_øv I Xv Cu apdnbn sh m-wv. ilv\-io CXv _nlnivxn ajv_-d-bn Xs -bp Hcp ÿe-am-wv. BZy-Im-eØv lkvdøv alvzn akolv (A) klm-_m- -fp-samøv ChnsS hcp-tºmƒ ChnsSbp- m-bn-cp ac-øn Io-gnemWv Ccn- mdp- m-bn-cp- -Xv. hn m-\kz v \S- n-cp ÿeamwnxv emwv Hcp si n-s-øns cq]-øn CXv \n Ωn- -Xv. 22 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ P\m-km-Kmlv 1908 sabv 27- mw XnøXn lkvdøv l ow \qdp- ±o kmln-_v(-d)s t\xr-xz-øn lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s P\mk \nkvi-cn Ncn-{X- {]m-[m-\y-ap ÿe-amwv Cu P\m-km-Kmlv. Jeo-^sb Xnc-s -SpØ ÿew ajmsa klqsd JpZvdsØ km\nb F -dn-bs -Sp c mw i n-{]-`m-h-amb Jnem-^-Øns ÿm]\w XpS-ßnb ÿew P\m-km-Km-ln\v sxm p- X-s -bm-wv. Chn-sS- A p-a-c-߃ n-s-bn sh- mwv Pam-A-Ønse F m-hcpw GI-I-WvT-ambn lkvdøv l ow \qdp-±o kmln-_v(-d)s\ H masø Jeo-^-bmbn Xnc-s -Sp-Ø-Xv. Zmdp akolv akvpnzv ap_m-d- n-t\msv tn n- p lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a)s hosn-\mwv Zmdp akolv F p-]-d-bp- -Xv. AhnsS tkmƒi-ac (hrømir- Xnbn-ep- -ap-dn)bp v. Cu apdn-bn sh- mwv AXn- Yn-Isf lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) I n-cp- -Xv. ] n-iƒ akvpnzv ap_m-d- v, akvpnzv AJvkm F nh IqSmsX a p ] n-ifpw JmZn-bm-\n-ep- v. akvpnzv \mkn-dm- _m-zv, Zmdp A hm, Zmdp _ m-øv, Zmdp dlva- Øv, timtn Zmdp- emw (kn v \mj-w timtf- Pn\p ]n hiw), akvpnzv \q F n-h-bm-wn-xv am v 5 \v lkvdøv Jeo-^-Øp akolv A (-d) BWv akvpnzv \qdns Xd- - n- -Xv cq]-bmwv CXns \n Ωm-W-Øn- mbn sne-hm-b- Xv. lkvdøv \mkn \hm_v kmln-_mwv Cu kwjy A v \ In-b-Xv. XAv-eoap Ckvemw kviqfn-t bpw timtf-pn-t bpw ASp-ØmWv Cu ] n-bp- -Xv am v 14- \v Cu ] n-bn sh mwv c mw Jeo-^sb Xnc-s -Sp-Ø-Xv. Nne Jnem-^-Øn \n v A v hn p-\n-s - nepw GItZiw c m-bn-c-tømfw t] At mƒxs lkvdøv an km _io-dp-±o alvaqzv Alva-Zv(-d)s Iøn ss_aøv snøp-ibp- m-bn. lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a)s amxmhv lkvdøv NndmKv_o_n kmln-_-bpss J_ JmZnbms ]Sn- mdv hi-øp ]pcm-x\ J_- ÿm-\n Ct m-gp-ap- v emwv Ah h^m- Øm-b-Xv. lkvdøv alvzn akolv(-a) AhnsS ZpB v t]mb-xmbn \nth-z-\-øn ImWp- p- v. 5mw t]pn \n v... s ncn- p- p. A m-lp-hn-\p-th n am{xw _p n-ap v kln v Cu P k-bn k n-ln-x-cm-bn-cn- p F m ktlm-z-c-߃ pw A mlp \ {]Xn-^ew \evip-am-dm-i-s. Cu hgn-bnse AhcpsS Hmtcm Nph-Sn\pw k ^ew {]Zm\w snø-s. Bao kpω Bao.* * 1891 Unkw-_ 27- \v akvpnzv AJvkm-bn BZysØ P k DZvLm-S\w snø-s - p. 75 AwK-ßfmWv AXn ]s -Sp-Øn-cp- -Xv. "Bkvam\o ^bvke' F {]_ w hmbn- p-tiƒ n- Xv Cu P kbn-em-wv. CXn-\p-tijw hcp Hmtcm h jhpw Unkw-_ 27, 28, 29 Xnø-Xn-I-fn JmZn-bm-\n P k \S- p- -Xm-sW Xocp-am\w AhnsS hnfw-_-c-s -Sp-Øp-I-bp-ap- m-bn. (k:]) 242

22 ]cnip Jp -B. sszhn-i-h-n-\-ß-fpss A p- X-I-chpw AXy w al-\o-bhpamb Hcp kºq Æk-am-lm-cw. {]mtbm-kn-i-amb Ht sd XØz-Nn- -Ifp-sSbpw kmµ `n-i-amb Hcm-bncw kmtcm-]-tz-iß-fp-tsbpw A -b-j-\n. apl-ω-zv\-_n(-k)s kxy-km- y-øns al-ømb Hcp sxfn-hp-iq-snbm-wn-xv. k -i- -\mb A m-lp- k h-tem-i- Øn-\p-ambn ka n Cu DØ-tam-]-lm-cw, Imemh-km-\w-h-sc-bp a\p-jy-ip-e-øns BPo-hm- \ \ bv pw Bflo-tbm j-øn\pw DX-Ip DZm-Ø-amb D]-tZ-i-\n t±-i-߃sim v kºp- - am-wv. Xs \mev]xmwhb- n {]hm-n-i-xz-in-cosw \ I-s - -t mƒ tihew {]my-an-i-hn-zym-`ymkw t]mepw t\snb Hcm-fm-bn-cp- n apl-ω-zv\-_n(-k). FgpØpw hmb-\bpw Adn-bmØ Hcp hy n-bn-eqss k h-i- C{X al-ømb Hcp {KŸw a\p-jy- Ip-e-Øn-\m-I-am-\-ambn Ah-km-\-Im-e-tØmfw \ne- \n p Xc-Øn Ah-X-cn- n- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p. \q n- -Xn-\mev A ym-b-ß-fp Cu al {K-Ÿ- Øn H msi Bdm-bn-c-Øn-A-dp- q-dn-e-[niw hn- \-ß-fm-Wp- -Xv. a\p-jy-po-hn-x-øns ka-kvx-hi-ß-sf- - nbpw B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn Adn-hp-]-I-cp Ckvem-ans Cu \nb-a-kw-ln-xm-k-am-lm-c-øn\v XØp-ey-ambn temiøv Ct mfw as mcp {KŸhpw cnn- -s - n- n-. Imc-Ww, Cu {KŸ-Ønse Hmtcm Xmfn-epw, Hmtcm A -c-ønepw k -i- -\mb A m-lp-hns {]I-S-amb ssisbm v ]Xn- p-in- S- p- v. Hcp-e- -Øn-e-[nIw {]hm-n-i- m hnhn[ Ime- L- -ß-fn-embn `qan-bn Ah-X-cn- n- -s - n- p-s - nepw Ah-cn G hpw {]ap-j-cm-b 25 t]sc ] n am{xta Jp -B ]d-bp p- q. Hcp IYm-{K-Ÿ-a ]cn-ip- -Jp -B. F m a-\pjypohn-x-øns hyxykvx `mh-ß-sf- n {]Xn-]m-Zn- p-tºmƒ kzm`m-hn-i-amb A\p-`-h-X- p- -fm tim Øn-W- -s IYm-k-µ `-ß-fpsS kpo-h-km- n yw Jp -B\nse hnhn-[-bn-s-ß-fn hyxykvx `mh-ß-fn \nd- p-\n p- Xp ImWmw. XnI HuNn-Xy-t_m-[-tØm-sS-bmWm IYm-k-µ `-߃ Jp -B-\n ebn- p-tn n- p- - Xpw. AØcw Nne A\p-`-h-ap-lq Ø-ßsf AhteJ\w bqkp-^v\-_n(-a)s sfxn-lm-kn-i-amb Pohn-X-IY F.-Iyp. alvzn sim w bpss `wkn sx pw tnm p-t]m-imsx IYm-cq-]- Øn Ah-X-cn- n- m-\p {ia-øn-emwv Rm. ]cn-ip- -Jp -B-\nse Cu IYm-hn-jvIm-c-Øns tkmt±-iy-]-c-amb cq]-l-s-\-xs Btcbpw A pxs- SpØpw-hn[w kmµ `n-ihpw F m, bp n-k-l-hp-am-sw v Rm I p. am{ n-i-xbpss Xqh kv] i-tam, A p-x-ß-fpss AXn-{]- k-c-tam, Akm-[m-c-W-Xz-Øns A\m-Zr-i-]-cn-thjtam sx p-t]mepw kzm[o-\n- mø coxn-bn-emwv Hmtcm kw`-h-ßfpw IYm-cq-]-Øn Jp -B ]dbp- -Xv. ]cn-ip- -Jp -B-\nse ]e IYm-\p-`h hnh-c-wß-fn Fs G hpw BI jn H m-wv, bqkp^v \_n(-a)s Pohn-X-I-Y. IY ]d-bm XpS-ßp- -Xn\p apºv sndn-sbmcp Bap-Jw. Htc Ime-L- -Øn Htc tziøv Hcp IpSpw-_- Øn X-s -bpw, ASp-Ø-SpØ Xe-ap-d-I-fnepw {]hm-n-i- m Ah-X-cn- -s - n- p- -Xmbn Jp -B- \n \n pw lzo-kp-i-fn \n pw a\- n-emip- p- v. {]]n-xm-a-l-\pw, ]nxm-a-l-\pw, ]nxm-hpw, ai\pw sxm -SpØ ktlm-z-c- m Xs bpw {]hm-n-i- mcm-bn-øo Ncn-{Xhpw tcj-i-fn-ep- v.- {]m-tbw sndn-sbmcp Ime-b-f-hn-\p- n, B {]mno-\-imeøv Htc-k-a-bØpXs Ah-X-cn- n- -s H ne-[niw {]hm-n-i- m-sc- - nbpw hnh-cn- -s - n- p- v. CtX- n Hm p-tºmƒ, Cu h Ø-am-\-Im-eØv \ap v hnkvabw txm mw; F m sszhn-i-ncn{xw AXm-Wv. C -sø-t mse bm{xm-ku-i-cy-ßfn msx H - I- p-døv Cg- p-\o-ßn-bn-cp Imew. A v hm Øm-hn-\n-ab k{º-zm-b-ßfpw Xosc Zp _-eam-bn-cp- p. B AXn-]p-cm-X-\-Im-e-Øv, {]mtz-in-iambn Ah-X-cn- n- -s {]hm-n-i- m-cpss A\n hm-cy-x v {]k- n-bp- m-bn-cp- p. sxm b tz-i-am-bn-cp- m t]mepw Hcp \msv ASp-Ø-\m- n \n v F{Xtbm AI-se-bp Hcp temiw t]mse hyxy-kvx-ambn txm -s - n-cp- p. hm Ømhn-\n-a-b-ß-fpsS {]mir-x-`mhw ImcWw Hcp ktµi-hm-l-is i w sxm -SpØ tzi-øp P\-ßfn-te- p-t]mepw FØn- m Ign-bm-Ø-X-c-Ønep ]cn-an-xn-iƒ. kao-]-im-e-ømwv GI-tZiw bm{xm-hn-\nabcw-k-ß-fn ]ptcm-k-xn-bpss XpS kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 23

23 sa- nepw ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn temiw I p-xp-s-ßn-b-xv. C nxm \mw B kui-cy-ß-fpss ]mc-ay-x-bn FØn-\n -bm-wv. B t\ -߃ C\nbpw A\pkyqXw hf p-sim- p-an-cn- p- p. ]Xn-\m-bn-c- -W- n\p Intem-ao- AI-se, bqtdm- n-en-cn- p \ΩpsS Cam-ans\ I p-ºn ImWp-hm-\pw, B [\y-i w tiƒ phm\pw \ap- n v Ign-bp- p. F{X s\msn-bn-s-bv p- n-emwv lpkq-dns ktµiw temi-sam- msi FØn- m \ΩpsS Fw.-Sn.-F- Xøm-dmbn \n p- -Xv. Chsbms A m-lp-hns A]-mcamb A\p-{K-l- Øns km n-]-{x-ß-f-s - n as - mwv? \_n-am-cpss ]n m-e-n-cn{xw t\m n-bm Cukm-\-_n(-A) v Adp-\qdv B p-iƒ p tijamwv apl-ωzv \_n(-k)s Ah-Xm-c-Im-ew. ho psamcp ]Xn-\mep \q m- p-iƒiqsn ]n n- -Xn-\p-tij-amWv hmkvz-ø alvzn -a-ko-lns P\-\w. Chn-sS, Rm \nßsf apl-ωzv \_n(-k)\v apºp Hcp Ime-L- -Øn-te v Iq n-s m- p-t]mhp-i-bm-wv. B {]mno-\-im-eøv Ah-X-cn- n- -s Hcp {]hm-n-i-\m-bn-cp p ba-vjq_v \_n(-a). At±lw Pohn- n-cp- Xv ^e-kvxos kao-]-ÿ-e-amb I B tzi-øm-bn-cp- p. Ad-_n-\m- n Xs bp ImSpw ae-ifpw \nd Hcp {]tz-iw. B ae-s -cp-hnse P\-߃ v kxy-am w Im n-s m- Sp- m\pw Ahsc t\ h-gn v \bn- m-\p-ap al- Ømb ZuXy-amWv A mlp ba-vjq_v \_n (A)\v \ In-b-Xv. t\m p-i, ChnsS tihew sndn-sbmcp tzi-øn\p am{x-ambn Hcp {]hm-n-is\ A mlp Ab- n-cn- p- p. bqkp-^v \_n(-a)s DtZz-K-P-\-amb Pohn-X- IY hnh-cn- p-xp-s-ßp-tºmƒ, Jp -B-\n-ep kw`h-sa- -Xn-\m AXn-\mbn Rm {][m-\-ambpw B{i-bn- Xv \ΩpsS hnip- -{K-Ÿ-Øns ]cn-`mj-sb-x-s -bm-wv. AXm-I-s, \ΩpsS Pam-AØv Xs {]kn- o-i-cn-, a lqw auehn A_p h^m kmln_v \n h-ln ]cn-`m-j-bm-bn-cp- p. Cu kw`-h-iy Xøm-dm pw apºv \Ωp-tSbpw a p ]ecp-tsbpw Jp -B ]cn-`m-j-i-fn-eqss IS- p-t]mbn Rm. Hcp Xmc-X-ay-]-T\w \S-Øm\pw F\n- -hkcw e`n- p. \ΩpsS ]cn-`m-j, Xo -bmbpw a p- ]e Jp -B hnh Ø-\-ß-sf- mfpw F{Xtbm A[nIw bp n-k-lhpw at\m-l-c-hp-am-bmwv Xømdm- -s - n-cn- p- -sx v Rm I p. auehn A_p h^m kmln-_v, Xs ]cn-`m-j- -bn-eps\ofw D]-tbm-Kn `mj-x-s, Imem-\p-kr-X-amb am -ßfn-eqsS cq]-s `wkn-bp ssien-bn-eq-ss-bp- - Xm-sW- Xv CXns am v Hc-f-hp-IqSn h n- n- p- -Xmbn Rm I p. Fs bo cn-\bv v {][m-\-ambpw Jp -B ]cn- `m-j-sb-xs B{i-bn- Xp Imc-Ww, Cu kw`-h- I-Y-bpsS B[n-Im-cn-IX H pw tnm p-t]m-im- Xc-an-. Jp -B-\nse ]e- D -c-wn-ifpw kw`m-j- W-cw-K-ßfpw Jfin-I-Ifpw Ign-bp- Xpw AXpt]m-se-Xs \ Im Rm {ian- n- p- v. hfsc A]q -k-µ `-ß-fn-sem-gn-sI, Fs kz w `mh- \sb Nnd-Ip-hn-S Øm Rm A\p-h-Zn n pan-. Hcp \_n-bpss Ncn-{X-am-hp-tºmƒ, {]txy-in v AXv ]cn-ip Jp -B Xs hnh-cn- p-tºmƒ, B kw`-h-i-y-bn Hcp ]c-[n- - pdw kz w `mh-\- Iƒ p {]k- n-bn-s pw Rm Icp-Xp p. AXns\m-cp-Zm-l-c-Ww-IqSn ]d- p-sim v IY-bn-te v IS- mw. ]cn-ip- -Jp -B kqnn- n- p Cu kw`-h- Øn bqkp^v \_n(-a) bphm-hm-bn-cp Ime- Øv, At±-l-Øns kuµ-cy-ønepw Akm-[m-cW imco-cn-i-`w-knbnepw {`an- p-t]mb kpµ-cnbpw bph- Xn-bp-amb Hcp kv{xobpss IY hnh-cn- p- p- v. CuPn-]vXnse N{I-h Øn-bm-bn-cp døms a{ nbmb Ako-kns `mcy kpsse-j-bmwm kv{xo IYm-]m-{Xw. \nan-j-t\-c-tø-s - nepw bqkp-^v\- _n(-a)s\ imco-cn-i-ambn kz -am- m Ah \S- Ønb hn^-e-{i-a-sø- n Jp -B-\n hy -amb ]cm-a i-ap- v. B kv{xobm bqkp^v \_n(-a) Xs Xnf-ßp bu -\-Im-eØv _em m-c-{ia-sa \ne-bn B{I-an- -s -Sp-Ibpw \nc-]-cm-[nbmb At±lw kv{xobpss ` Øm-hmb Xs bpam-\s apºn sx n- -cn- -s -Sp-Ibpw snøp- - Xm-bn- mwv Jp -B-\n-eXv hnh-cn- n-cn- p- -Xv. HSphn At±-l-Øns \nc-]-cm-[nxzw ]q Æ-ambpw sxfn-bn- -s -Sp-Ibpw snøp- p- v. kv{xoi-fpss taep Itø- -ß-fp-tSbpw _e- {]-tbm-k-ß-fp-tsbpw ]ou-\-i-y-iƒ k h-km-[mc-w-amb C m-e-øv, kv{xoi-fpss `mk-øp-\n- p ]pcp-j-]o-u-\-ßfpw Ac-tß-dm-dp-s v hfsc A]q -ambn \mw tiƒ m-dp- v. kao-]- Im-eØv \S-Ø-s Hcp B[p-\n-I-k t -bn-eqss shfn-s - -Xv, ]pcp-j-]o-u-\-ß-sf- n ]pdw-tem-i-adn- m AXn\v Imc-W- m-cn-bmb kv{xosb- n a p- -h-cn Ahn-iz-k-\o-bX P\n- p-sa Bi- -bm-tem, CXn _ -s kv{xobpss A`n-am\w kwc- n- m-t\m, kw`-h-sø- n A[n-I-amcpw ]pd- Øp-]-d-bm-dn F m-wv. Aßs\ kw`hw shfns -Sp-Ø-s -Sm-Ø-Xn-\m CØcw A\p-`-h߃ p hm Øm-{]m-[m-\yhpw \ -s -Sp- p- s{x. F m, F{Xtbm \q m- p-iƒ p apºv, CØ-c-samcp kw`hw \S- -Xmbn Jp -B-\n hnhcn- p- -Xv, XnI pw kmµ `n-i-am-sw- -Xv, A p- X-tØmsS \ap- n-hnss hmbn- mw. AsX, F me-tøbpw kmaq-lnipo-hn-x-l-s-\-bnse Hmtcm 24 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 244

24 X m-{x-bp-tsbpw kq va-amb Hcp ]cn-to-zw, ]cnip- -Jp -Bs Hmtcm `mkøpw \nd- p-\n p- p-sh bmym y-øn-te v Cu kw`-hhpw hnc Nq- p- p. Cusbmcp ]pcp-j-]o-u-\-sø- - n, AXpw Hcp \_n-bpss bu -\-Im-e-hp-ambn _ -s p \S- psh v Rm\o kw`-h-i-y-bn-eqss ]d-bp-tºmƒ Aß-s\-sbm- p- m-b-xmbn Jp -B-\nse ]q h-i- Y-bn hnh-cn- n- p- m-hptam F p-t]mepw hmb- \- m kwi-bn- p-t]m-tb- mw. F m kwi-bte-i-an- m-sx, A{X-I v \ms-io-b-amb Ah-X-c-W- `w-kn-tbm-ss-bmwv Cu kw`-h-øn\p Jp -B hni- Zo-IcWw \ Ip- -Xv. AØcw kµ `-ß-fn D m- Im-\n-S-bp kwi-b-ßfpw ktµ-lßfpw Ah hmb- \- m-cn kr n-t - m-hp sx p[m-c-w-ifpw Xo Øpw Hgn-hm- m-\m-wv, Rm, A[n-Ihpw Jp - B kq -ß-fp-sS, ]cn-`m-j-bn \ I-s - n- p `mk-߃xs AtX-]Sn IY-bnse Hmtcm `mkøpw kqn-\-bmbn tn Øn- p- -Xpw. \ap- n\n XpS-ßmw. ba-vjq_v\_n(-a)\v c v `mcy-am-cp- m-bn-cp- p, dmln-e, eø F n-h. dmln-e-bn P\n- -hcm-bn-cp p bqkp-^pw, _n bm-an-\pw. eø-bn Bdp-a- fpw. a v c v ASn-a-kv{Xo-I-fn \mev ]p{x- m thsd-bp-ap- m-bn-cp- p. BsI ]{ - p-t]. Hs bpw B a- ƒ. Ah-cn G hpw Cf-b-hcm-bn-cp p bqkp-^pw, _n bm-an-\pw. ]nxm-hn\v bqkp-^n-t\mspw _n bm-an-t\mspw AXn-bmb hm -eyhpw kvt\l-hp-ap- mbn-cp- p. a v ]Øp-a- fpw ]nxm-hns kvt\lm-z-chv ]nsn- p-]- m Ign-bm-Ø-hn-[-Øn \ntj-[n-i-fm-bmwv hf -Xv. bqkp^v kpµ-c\pw kpio-e\pw AXo-h-_p- nam-\p-am-bn-cp- p. Ahs kmxzn-i-`m-h-øn-ep Pohn-X-N-cy-I-fmWv ]nxm-hmb ba-vjq_v \_n(a) s {]txyi kvt\l-hm- -ey-߃ v ]m{xo-`q-x- \m-hm Imc-W-am-bn-Øo -Xv. _n bm-an\pw tpyjvts ]mx-xs XpS p-t]m- p. bqkp-^n-t\mspw _n bm-an-t\mspw a v ]Øv ktlm-z-c- m pw Akq-b-\n-d hntzz-j-`m-h-ap- m-bn-cp- p. CXv B hr -]n-xmhv a\- n-em- n-bn- p- m-bn-cp- p. ba-vjq_v\_n(-a)s hnizm-k-{]- am-w-ß-tfmspw GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-tØmSpw B ]Øp-a- ƒ pw Xosc A`n-Im-ay-ap- m-bn-cp- n-. F m, B sszh-\n-tj[w ]pd-øp-im- msx a\- ns D -d-bn Xo Øpw ss]im-nn-i-`m-h-tømss Ah ImØp-kq- n- n-cp- p. bqkp-^n-s\-xn-sc, Hmtcm \nan-jhpw NXn-hns Icp- ƒ Ah \o ns m- p-an-cp- p. bqkp-^n-\-t mƒ Iuam-c-{]m-bam-bn-cp- p. CXn-\nsS bqkp^v Hcp Znhy-kz]v\w I p. Ah Xs kz]v\-sø- n ]nxm-hn-t\msp ]d-bp- Ibpw snbvxp. Jp -B-\n-eXv C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. ""Fs ]nxm-th, ]Xn-s\m p \ -{X-ß-tfbpw kqcy-t\bpw N{µ-t\bpw Rms\mcp kz]v\-øn I p. Ah Fs apºn {]W-an- p- -Xmbn Rm I p.'' Cu kz]v\w Xo Øpw sszhn-i-amb Hc-dn-bn- msw v ba-vjq_v \_n(-a) a\- n-em- n- -gn- ncp- p. Cu Znhy-kz-]v\-hn-hcw B ]nxm-hns a\- n h m-sømcp Bi kr n- -bp- m-bn. B Z i- \-sø- n i{xp- -f-dn- m, AXnse sszhn-i- Zr- m- -`m-hsø a\- n-em- n, Ah bqkp-^ns\ A]m-b-s -Sp-Øm t]mepw asn- n-s v At±lw `b-s - p. Xs a p ]Øp-a- fpw i{xp-]m-f-b-ønem-bn-cp- -Xn-\m, Ah-sc-sbm- -S w At±lw Bi- -tbm-ss-bmwv ho n- n-cp- -Xv. ai-\mb bqkp-^n-t\msv At±lw ]d- -Xmbn Jp -B-\n Cßs\ kqn-\-bp- v. ""Fs {]nb-s ai-t\, \ns kz]v\w ktlm- Z-c- msc Hcn- epw Adn-bn- -cp-xv. Adn-bn- m Ah \n\-s -Xn-cn henb X{ w Bkq-{XWw snøpw. Xo -bmbpw ]nimnv a\p-jys {]Xy i{xp-hm-ip- p.'' CXn-\nsS B a ƒ bqkp-^n-s\-xn-sc, cl-kyamb Hcp KqVm-tem-N-\m-]- -Xn v Icp- ƒ \o n- -gn- n-cp- p. X߃ BSns\tabv m t]mip-tºmƒ, bqkp- ^n-s\-iqsn H w Iq m A\p-h-Zn- -W-sa pw B a ƒ ]nxm-hn-t\m-s-t]- n- p. BZyw AXn-\-t±lw hg-ßm Iq m- n-bn-. B ]nxm-hns a\- n a -fpss Cu \o -ß-fn Ft m Hcp Zpcq-l-Xbp-s txm -em-wp- m-b-xv. ]cn-ip- -Jp -B-\n, ]nxm-hmb bavjq_v \_n (-A)-t\mSv bqkp-^ns\ Xß-tfm-sSm- -a-b- m B a ƒ kω ±w snep-øp Hcp `mk-ap- v. ""Rß-fpsS ]nxm-th, bqkp-^ns Imcy-Øn Rßsf hniz-kn- m-xn-cn- m Xm ƒs - p- v. Rß-fm-h-s, Ah-t\mSv Bflm -Xbp- -hcpw KpW-Imw- n-i-fp-amwv.'' Ah XpS p. ""\msf Ahs\ Rß-tfm-sSm w Ab- p-x-cn-i. Ah B\-µn- p-\-s- p-i-bpw, Ifn- p-ibpw snbvxp-sim- -s. Xo -bmbpw R߃ Ahs\ ImØp-c- n- p- -hcm-wv.'' C{X-sbms ti -t mƒ ]q Æ-a-\-t m-ss-b- msx-xs At±lw bqkp-^ns\ Ah-tcm-sSm w Ab- m Xøm-dm-bn. At mgpw B hr a\- n h m-søm-cm-i \ne-\n- n-cp- p. At±lw Cßs\ ]d- -Xmbn Jp -B-\n kqn-\-bp- v. ""\n߃ 245 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 25

25 Ahs\ sim p-t]m-ip- Xv Xo -bmbpw Fs ZpxJn- n- p- p. \n߃ Ah-s\- p-dn v A{i- -cmbn-cn-s, sn mbv Ahs\ ]nsn- p-xn- p-i-f-bpsa v Rm `bs -Sp- p.'' sn m-bv fpw h\y-ar-k-ß-fp-ap Hcp ImSns ]cn-k-c-tø- mwv bqkp-^ns\ Ab-t - n-h-cp- -sx- Xv At±-lsØ Xo Øpw Bi- m-ip-e-\m- n-bn-cp- p-sh v Cu hcn-iƒ kqn\ \ Ip- p. am{x-a-, Xs a p ]Øp-a- -tfbpw At±-l-Øn\v hnizm-k-ap- m-bn-cp- pan-. Ah Xß-fpsS \nkq-vx a\- n Hfn- n- psh v ]nxm-hn-t\msv ]d- Xv C{]-Im-c-am-sW v Jp -B-\n-ep- v. ""Rß-fn{X i -cmb kwl-am-bncn-s, sn mbv Ahs\ Xn p-sa- n Xo bmbpw R߃ \ -s - -h-cm-bn-c-n pw.'' HSp-hn A -a-\-t m-ss, F mw k -ÿ-\mb A m-lp-hn ka n- v, bqkp-^ns\ At±lw Ah-tcm-sSm w Ab- m Xocp-am-\n- p. Iuam-c- {]m-b- m-c-\mb bqkp-^n-t\-bpw-iq n B KqVmtem-N-\- m Im n-te- p-t]m-bn. Im n \n pw asßn-h-cp-tºmƒ, sshin-t m-bm [cn- m-\mbn Hcp Ip m-bw-iqsn bqkp^v Xs `mfi-øn Icp-Xnbn-cp- p. Fß-s\-sb- nepw bqkp-^ns\ A]m-b-s -Sp-Ø- W-sa ss]im-nn-i-nn am{x-amwv B ktlm-zc- m p- m-bn-cp- -Xv. Ah Im n-se-øn. Pohn- X-Øn-em-Zy-am-bmWv bqkp^v ]nxm-hns\ hn v CØcw hyxy-kvx-amb Hc- -co- -Øn FØp- -Xv. Im n- \p- nse ]pxn-b-temiw Ahs\ lcw ]nsn- n- p. F{X at\m-l-c-amb ImgvN-Iƒ. {]IrXn AXns `wkn apgp-h B h\-{]-tz-i-amsi hmcn-hn-x-dn-b- Xp-t]mse txm n Ah-\v. Np p-]mspw Xe-bp-b Øn- \n p hr - q- -߃. ImSns h\y-x-bn Hfn- n-cp \nkq-v-\n-i- -X-bn Cfw-Im- ns a Ω-c-i- w-t]mepw ebn- p-t]m-b-xp-t]mse Ah- \p-txm- n. Im p-]- n-i-fpss If-Iq-P\w at txm AZr-iy-tem-I-tØ v Xs Iq n-s m- p-t]m-bxv Ah-\-dn- p. kz w ktlm-z-c- m-tcm-ssm w F mw ad v bqkp^v Ahn-sS-sbms HmSn- -fn- p. X{ -im-en-i-fmb B ktlm-z-c- m bqkp- ^ns\ A]m-b-s -Sp-Øm X w-]m Øn-cn- -bm-bncp- -s m. Ah -Xn-\p kµ `hpw HØp-In- n. Im n-eqss t]mip bm{xm-kw-l-߃ k cn- p Hcp ]mx-bv -cn-in-em-bn-cp p Ah BSns\ tabv p-sim- n-cp- -Xv. AXn-\-cnsI Hcp hgn- n-w-dp-ap- m-bn-cp- p. A[nIw D]-tbm-Kn- s -SmØ Hcp s]m - n-w. Ah Ahs\ sh w timcp hen-sbmcp ]m{x-øn-en-cpøn InW- n-te- n-d n Ib apdn- p-hn- p. C\n F mwv sntø- -Xv, bqkp-^ns\ IqSmsX Fßs\ ho n as-ßn-t m-hpw, ]nxm-hn-t\m-ss p ]dbpw; KqVm-tem-N-\- m H -S w h w-iq-sn-bncp v Btem-Nn- p. HSp-hn Ah Hcp-]mbw Is - Øn. ""BSn-s\-ta-bv p- -Xn-\n-S-bn `mfi-߃ v bqkp-^ns\ Imh-en-cpØn X߃ v Aev]w Zqsc t]mim-\n-s-h- p, XncnsI h -t m-tg pw bqkp- ^ns\ GtXm sn mbv ]nsn- p-ibpw Ah Im n sh v ac-w-s -Sp-Ibpw snbvxp.'' Cß-s\- sbmcp \pw- Y ]nxm-hn-t\msp ]d-bmw, CXm-bncp p B Zp - m-cpss Xocp-am-\w. Jp -B-\n AXn- {]-Im-c-am-Wv. ""Ah Ic- p-sim v k ym-k-a-bøv XßfpsS ]nxm-hns ASp- sn p... Ah ]d- p, Rß-fpsS ]nxm-th, R߃ t]mbn a - cn phmsn-s m- n-cp- p. bqkp-^ns\ Rß-fpsS km[-\-ß-fpss ASpØv hn n-cn- -bp-am-bn-cp- p. At mƒ sn mbv Ahs\ ]nsn- p-xn- p. ]t, R߃ kxy-hm- m-cm-sw- nepw Xm ƒ Rßsf hniz-kn- p Bf- -t m...'' bqkp-^ns `mfi-øn sh ncp Ip m-b- Øn-t Aev]w Ir{Xn-a-c w ]pc- n, AsXmcp sxfn-hmbn Ah ]nxm-hns apºn lmp-cm- n. ]t, ]nxm-hxv hniz-kn- m Iq m- n-bn-. ais\ sn mbv ]nsn- -Xm-bn-cp-s - n Ah [cn- n-cp Ip m-bhpw Iodp-am-bn-cp- -t m. At±-lw, ba-vjq_v \_n(a), lrz-bw-s\m v sszh-tømsp {]m n- -am{xw snbvxp. B ZpxJkw-`h-hp-ambn s]mcp-ø-s -Sm am\-kn-i-ambn X\n v i nbpw abpw \ I-tW-sb v lrzb-th-z-\-tbmss At±lw ZpB snbvxp. Hcp I -h-s-kwlw IS- p-t]m-ipw-h-gn, Im p-]m- X-bv -cn-inse B InW-dn-\-SpØv Hcp Xm m-eni hn{i-a-ti{µw Hcp- p-i-bp- m-bn. Ah v sh w ]I-cm-\mbn Ah-cn-sem-cmƒ InW- n sxm n-bn-d- n-b-t mƒ, c -bpss Hcp ]nsn-h- n-sb- -t]mse Hcp Ib-dpw, AXn-\- -sømcp ]m{xhpw Xmgv p-hcp- Xv bqkp^v I p. Ah-\-Xn apdpsi Ib-dn- n-sn- p. Ib-dn-d- n-b- Bƒ Hcp sr -tem-ss-bm-wxv I -Xv. Abmƒ Xs Iq -tcmsv hnfn- p-]-d- - Xmbn Jp -B ]d-bp- p. "lm, Hcp kt m-j-hm Ø. CXm Chn-sS-sbmcp _me!' sszh-øns AZr-iy-I-c-߃ B InWdn-\p- n \n pw bqkp-^ns\ c n- m-\mbn {]h Øn- -Xm-bn-cp- p. Ah Ib-dn Xq-ßn, kpc- n-x-\mbn ]pd-øn-d-ßn. ASn-a-k-{º-Zmbw \ne-hn-ep- m-bn-cp Hcp Imeam-bn-cp p AXv. I -h-s-kw-l-øn\v \s mcp Ccsb In nb kt m-j-am-bn-cp- p. Iuam-c-Øns ]Sn-hm- Xn -seøn \n p-, AgIpw Btcm-Kyhpw XnI Hcp _me. Xo -bmbpw Ah\v \s mcp 26 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 246

26 hne In pw, Ah a\- n Icp-Xn. I -h-s-kwlw bqkp-^p-ambn Xß-fpsS cmpy-amb CuPn-]vXn-te v as-ßn-t m-bn. A v CuPn]vXv `cn- n-cp- Xv døm N{I-h Øn-bm-bn-cp- p. At±-l-Øns\mcp a{ n-bp- m-bn-cp- p, Ako-kv. I -h-s-kw-l-tøm-ssm- -sa-ønb AXn-kp-µ-c- \mb _me-s\- p-dn v a{ n- A-kokv ti -dn- p. At±-l-Øn\v Ip n-i-fp-an- m-bn-cp- p. B _mes\ Xs apºn lmp-cm- m a{ n Iev]n- p. bqkp^v a{ n-k- n-[n-bn lmp-cm- -s - p. a{ n Akokv A p-x-]q w, bu \tøms- SpØp \n p B _mes\ t\m n-\n- p-t]mbn. F{X kpµ-c-\mb Ip n. AgIpw Btcm-Kyhpw ssnx\yw Xpfp-ºp apj-`m-h-hp-ap bqkp- ^ns\ \s mcp XpI-sIm-SpØv I -h-s-kw-l-øn \n pw At±lw hne-bv p-hm-ßn. Ako-kns `mcy kpµ-cn-bmb Hcp bph-xn-bmbn-cp- p. X\n-s mcp Ip v]nd- m-ø-xn Ahƒ \ncm-i-tbmss Ign-bp-I-bmb-n-cp- p. bqkp-^ns\ hne-bv p-hm-ßn- -gn- -t mƒ, At±lw `mcy-tbmsp ]d- -Xmbn ]cn-ip- -Jp -B- \n C{]-Im-c-ap- v. ""Chs Xma-ksØ \o am\yam- p-i. Hcp-]t Ch \ap v `mhn-bn {]tbm- P-\-s -t - mw. As - n \ap- -hs\ ZØp-]p-{X- \mbn kzoi-cn- mw...'' bqkp-^ns\ Hcp ]cn-nm-c-i-\m- mw, AX-s - n hf Øp-]p-{X-\mbn ZsØ-Sp mw; CXm-bncp p Ip n-i-fn- mø Ako-kns B{K-lhpw Xocp-am-\-hpw. Imew IS- p-s]m-bvs m- n-cp- p. bqkp^v a{ n-a-µn-c-øn hf p. Ako-kns bph-xnbmb `mcy kpsse-jbv v bqkp-^n-\p-ta CXn-\Iw Hcp {]txyi Xmev]cyw DS-se-Sp-Øn-cp- p. AsXmcp hf Øp-]p-{X-t\m-Sp hm -ey-`m-h-am-bn-cp- n. Hcn- Akokv kzkr-l-øn C mø Hcp ka-b-øm-wxv kw`-hn- -Xv. bmzr- n-i-ambn apdn- p- n h v I p-ap- nb bqkp-^n-s\, apdn-bpss hmxn-ep-iƒ _ n v kpssej IS- p-]n-sn- m {ian- p. Jp -B-\n AXn-{]-Im-c-am-Wv. ""At±lw GsXmcp-Øn-bpsS ho n-emtwm, Ahƒ At±-l-Øn-s\- Xn-cmbn hio-i-cn- p-hm {ian- p. hosns F m hmxn-ep-ifpw Ahƒ AS- p. F n- -hƒ ]d- p, ""F n-te v hcn-i...'' bq-kp^v ]d- p. ""Rm A m-lp-hns\ A`bw {]m]n- p- p. Xo -bmbpw Ah Fs \my-\m-wv. Ah Xs -bmwv Fs Xma-k-ÿew \ -Xm- n-bn- p- -Xv. Xo -bmbpw A{I-an-Iƒ hnpbn- p-i-bn-.'' Xs ]n mse ]m p-h-cp kpsse-j-bn \n pw bqkp^v IpX-dn-amdn c -s -Sm {ian- p. Xs bp-am-\s\ h n- m Xms\m-cn- epw Xømd-s v Ahsf Adn-bn- pibpw snbvxp. imco-cn-ti- bpss hnim-cm-thiw IØn-Pz-en- p- \n p B kv{xobn \n pw Hcp-\n-anjw apsº- nepw tamnn-x-\m-hm bqkp^v hmxn -te v ]m p-sn- -t mƒ Ahfpw ]n mse H w HmSnsb-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp- p. bqkp-^ns Ip m-b-øns ]n n ]nsn- p-h-en v Xs - Cw-Kn-X-Øn\v hgn-s - Sp-Øm Ahƒ Hcp hn^-e-{iaw \S-Øn. B _e- {]-tbm-k-øn Ahs Ip m-b-øns ]n `mkw Iodn-t m-hp-ibpw snbvxp. At m-gmwv Akokv hfsc bmzr- n-i-ambn hmxn {]Xy- -s - - Xv. B ImgvN-I v At±lw sr n-ø-cn p \n pt]m-bn. kw`-h-øns Ah-km-\-cw-K-Øn\v am{xamwv At±lw km n-bm-b-xv. bqkp-^ns\ {]Xn- q- n-em- m-\p Hcp X{ w kpssej s]s v sa\-s -Sp-Øp. Xs, Cu sndp- - m-c Hcp Zpcp-t±-iy-tØmsS IS- p-]n-sn- -bm-wp- m-b-sx v ` Øm-hn-t\m-S-hƒ ]cm-xn-s - SpI am{x-a-, Cß-s\-sbmcp \on-{]-hr-øn v Xp\n Chs\ Xpdp- n-e-s-bv m th Xv snø- W-sa- p-iqsn Bh-iy-s - p. B kv{xobpss lo\-amb {]hr-ønbpw AXp Ign v Xm kzbw \nc-]-cm-[n-bm-sw a n-ep Ah-X-c-Whpw \njvi-f- -\mb bqkp-^ns\ sr n- pi-xs snbvxp. At±lw Aº-c-t mss Xs bp-am-\-t\msv Cßs\ ]d- -Xmbn Jp -B-\n kqnn- n- -s - n-cn- p- p. ""Rm \nc-]-cm-[n-bm-wv. Fs lnx-øn-s\-xn-cmbn Fs hio-i-cn- phm {ian- Xv Ah-fm-Wv.'' CsXmcp X -hn-j-b-am-bn-xs \ne-\n- p. BcmWo \on-{]-h Øn v ap ssi FSp-Ø-sX- -Xm-bn-cp p {][m-\-hn-j-bw. Xs \nc-]-cm-[nøw bp-am-\s apºn sxfn-bn- -s -Sm Ign-bn-t sb v bqkp^v Bi- m-ip-e-\m-bn. sszhn-i-klmbw Chn-sSbpw bqkp-^ns c -bvs -Øn. Ako-kn-s -Xs IpSpw-_-Ønse Hcmƒ, Cu hnj-b-øn kza-\- mse CS-s]-Sm Xøm-dm-bn. Abmƒ ]d- p, ""bqkp-^ns Ip mbw \ap p ]cn-tim-[n- mw, AXv apºn \nt m ]n n \nt m Iod-s - -sx v \ap- p-t\m- mw.'' ]cn-tim-[-\-bn AXv ]n n \n pw Iod-s - - \n-e-bn I -t mƒ, Xo -bmbpw Xs `mcy-xs -bmwv sx p-im-cn-sb v Ako-kn\v t_m[y-ambn. At±lw Cßs\ ]d- -Xmbn Jp -B km y-s -Sp-Øp- p. ""Xo -bmbpw CXv kv{xoi-fmb \nß-fpss IpX- 247 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 27

27 { -ß-fn s]- -Xm-Wv. \nß-fpss IpX{ w `b- -cw- X-s...'' Cu hnjbw ]pdw-tem-i-a-dn- m Xm\pw IpSpw- _hpw s]mxp-a- y-øn A]-am-\n-X-cm-hp-sa v Ako-kn\v t_m[y-ap- m-bn-cp- p. AXp-sIm v CXv X mew ad- p-i-f-bm\pw {]iv\-ßsf Ah-K-Wn- m-\p-am-bn-cp p bqkp-^n-t\m-sp-ff Ako-kns \n t±-iw. Cu kw`hw Ako-kns\ am\-kn-i-ambn Xf Øn- -f- p-sh- nepw t_m[-]q w kzb-axv ad- p-hm-\mwv At±lw {ian- -Xv. At±lw `mcytbmsv ]d- -Xmbn Jp -B-\n-ep- v. ""kv{xotb \ns ]m]-s m-dp-xn-bv mbn \o {]m n- p-i. Xo -bmbpw Ip - mcn \o Xs bm-wv.'' Cu kw`hw Fß-s\tbm tnm v, \m n-emsi ]c-s m-gp-in. a{ n-a-µn-c-øn\p ]pdøv CsXmcp ]c-ky-amb cl-ky-hm Ø-bmbn Hgp-In-\-S- p. a{ n Ako-kns `mcy Ah-fpsS ASn-a-s - s\ Ahs lnx-øn-s\-xn-cmbn Zp hr-ønbv pth n hio-i-cn- p-hm {ian- -bm-sw- pw, B bphmhn-t\msv A ln- m-ø- t{]aw Ahƒ n-t m-gp-aps - p-sams Krl-k-Z- p-i-fn-en-cp v \m nse {]mam-wn-i-kv{xo-iƒ AS- w-]-d-bm XpS-ßn. AXv ti -dn- -t mƒ a{ n-]-xv\n v AXn-bmb hnjaw txm n. Xm A]-am-\n-X-bm-hp-s v kpssej Adn- p. Xs kw_- n- p Xo Øpw tamiamb Cu ]cm-a isø Fß-s\bpw t\cn-s-w-sa Nn -bn-embn kpsse-j, AXn-s\mcp X{ hpw Ahƒ sa\-s -Sp-Øp. Cu A\m-im-ky-kw-`-h-Øns ]pdw-{]-nm-cww Gs -Sp-Øv, KqV-ambn AXn B\µw Is Øn ckn- n-cp \m nse B {]ap-j-h-\n-x-isf kpssej Hcn- Xs hk-xn-bn-te v Wn p hcp-øp- I-bp- m-bn. Hcp hncp- p-k m-cw. a{ n-a-µn-c- Øns {][m\ lmfn Ah s ms {]txyi Ccn- n-s-ßfpw Hcp- n-bn-cp- p. Wn- -s -Sp AXnYn-Iƒ v, hncp- p-k mc-øns BZy-`m-K-sa- -\n-e-bn Ign- p-hm GsX- nepw ]g-߃ \ Ip k{º-zmbw A v \ne-hn-ep- m-bn-cp- p. AXn-Yn-I-fm-sb-Ønb B {]mam-wn-i-kv{xo-iƒ ]g-ß-tfm-tcm- mbn FSp-Øp- I-gn- p-hm XpS-ßn. AXn-\n-S-bn-em-Wv, BXn-tY-b-bpsS {]txyi \n t±-i-{]-imcw bqkp^v B lmfn-te v IS- ph- -Xv. B kv{xoiƒ v apºn-eqss \S- p-\o-ßm bqkp-^n-t\msv bp-am\ I n- p. AXn-Yn-Iƒ p apºn-eqss Ah sas \S- p. kpsse-j-bpss B -{]-Imcw Hcp \nanjw B bphmhv Ah p apºn \ne-bp-d- n- bpw snbvxp. bqkp-^ns\ t\cn I- -t mƒ B kv{xoi-sfm- msi kvx -cm-bn-t m-bn. F mw ad v Ah Ahs\-Xs t\m n-bn-cp- p. F{X kpµ-c-\mb bphmhv. F{X `wkn-bp hsn-shmø ico-cw. B apjøv sxfn- p-i txp- v, ssnx-\yw, Ahsc hnkvabn- n- p. Ah-tcm-tcm-cp-Øcpw IÆn-a-]q- msx bqkp-^n-s\-xs t\m n-bn-cp- p-t]m-bn. kzbw hnkva-cn v ]cn-k-c-t_m-[w-t]mepw \ -s v Ahcn ]ecpw ]gw Ign- p- -Xn-\nsS Xß-fpsS ssihnc ISn- p-t]m-hp-i-iqsn snbvxp. F mw ad- v, kzb-a-dn-bmsx ISn- -t mƒ Nne-cpsS ssihn-c ISn- m-sp-sim v apdn-bp-i-t]mepw snbvxp. Ah A{X-I v B kpµ-c-cq-]-øn ebn- n-cp- p-t]mhp-i-bm-bn-cp- p. B kv{xoiƒ kzb-a-dn-bmsx Dcphn- p-t]mbn F v Jp -B ]d-bp- p. ""A mlp ]cn-ip-. CXm CsXmcp a\p-jy-\, CXv _lpam-\y-\mb Hcp amemj Xs -bm-wv...'' a{ n-]-xv\n- n-t mƒ Xm ImØn-cp Ahkcw kam-k-x-am-sb- -t]mse txm n. Ahfm kv{xo-i-tfmsv ]d- p, ""t\m q, \n߃ GsXmcp-hs Imcy-Øn Fs Ip -s -Sp-Øntbm Ah- \m-wn-xv. Rm\n-hs\ Ahs lnx-øn-s\-xn-cmbn kzm[o-\n- p-hm Xo -bmbpw {ian- n- p- v. AXv kω-xn- p-ibpw snøp- p. B kµ `-Øn Ch F n \n pw hgp-xn-c- -s -Sm {ian- bpw snbvxp. Fs B{K-l-Øn\pw A`o Øn\pw A\p-k-cn v Ch-s\-\n v hg-ßn-bn-s - n, Rm\nXm Chs\ Xpdp- n-e-s-bv m G msv snøp- p. AXn-eqsS bqkp^v Xo -bmbpw \nµy-\m-bn- Øo-cp-Ibpw snøpw...'' kptej XpS p. ""\n߃ pxs Ct m-gnhs kuµ-cy-sø- n t_m[y-am-bn-t. Ah-\n BIr- -cmbn F mw hnkva-cn- v, ]cn-k-c-t_m-[w- IqSn \ -s v \nß-fn-cp- p-t]m-bn-t. Cu bphmhns kpµ-c-cq-]-øns {]Y-aZ i-\-øn Xs B -cy-`m-h-øm kzb-a-dn-bmsx ISn- p-t]mb kz w ssihnc-ep-iƒ apdn v c w s]msn- p- Xv \n߃ ImWp- n-t. AXp-Xs sxfn-ht \nßfpw AXo-h-kp-µ-c-\mb Cu bphm-hn BIr- -cmbn F v...?'' ""]ns \n߃ F n-s\s Ip -s -Sp-Ø-Ww. C{X `wkn-bp Hcp sndp- - m-cs\ GXp kv{xobmwv tamln- p-t]m-hm-ø-xv kz -am- m B{K-ln- m-øxv?'' B aln-fm-k-z- n sh v bqkp^v Dds {]Jym-]n- p, "Xm\n-Xn-t\- mƒ C -s -Sp- Xv I Øpdp- p-x-s -bmwv' F v. CØcw Hcp ]m]-{]-hr- Øn v hg-ßn, Xm Xs bp-am-\s\ h n- m Hcn- epw Xøm-d-s v Ah Xo Øp-]-d- p.- 28 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 248

28 ]-cn-ip- -J-p -B-\n, bqkp^v A m-lp-hn-t\msv Cßs\ ]d- -Xm-bp- v. ""Fs \mym... Ah, B kv{xoiƒ, Fs GsXm- n-te v Wn-bv p- pthm AXn-s\- m-fp-sa-\n- n w Xpdp- m-wv. \o Ah-cpsS IpX-{ sø F n \n pw Xncn- phn ns n Rm Ah-cn-te v Nm p-t]m-hp- Ibpw Aßs\ A\ w {]h Øn- p- -h-cn s]- -h-\m-bn-øo-cp-ibpw snøpw.'' a{ n-]-xv\n, bqkp-^ns\ Pbn-en-e-S-bv m Xs G m-sp-iƒ snbvxp. Ako-kn-\v, kz w `mcybpss Xocp-am-\-Øn\p \n -lm-b-]q w hg-tß- nbpw h p. Pbn-ense Zp -l-amb Pohn-X-Øn-\n-S-bnepw XSh-d-bv p- n sh v bqkp^v Xs \my-t\m-sp {]m -\-I-fn apgp-in. kl-x-s-hp-im n-s-bn At±lw kphn-tijw \S-Øn Ah p-th XtXzm-]-tZ-i-߃ \ In; GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-sØ- n Ahsc D t_m-[n- n- p. kxy-hn-izmkw ssis m- p-hm At±-l-a-h v {]t_m-[\w \ In. B D]-tZ-i-ß-fn-eqsS H -\-h[n Ip hmfn- Iƒ v am\-km- cw D m-hp-i-t]mepw snbvxp. bqkp^v Hcp m\n-bm-sw pw sszh-\n-tbm- Kn-X Xs -bm-sw pw Pbn-en-\p- n ]cs hniz-kn- -s - p. Pbn-e-[n-Ir-X t]mepw At±-l- Øns XtXzm-]-tZ-i-߃ mbn ImtXm Øp- \n pi ]Xn-hm-bn-cp- p. At±-l-tØm-sSm w Htc XS-h-d-bn Ign- ncp c p-t], apº-h CuPn-]vXnse N{I-h Ønbmb døms sim mcw ]cn-nm-c-i-cm-bn-cp- p, Hcn- -e-h X߃I Hcp kz]v\-sø- n bqkp- ^n-t\msp ]d-bp-ibpw AXns hymjym\w ]d- p- X-cm At]- n- bpw snbvxp. Hcp-h, Xm ho p ]ngn-s -SpØv Hcp ]m{x-øn Hgn- p- -Xm-bn- mwv I -sx- n, A]- c Xm Xe-bn sdm n Npa- p- -Xmbpw ] n- Iƒh v B sdm n-iƒ simøn-øn- p- -Xmbpw BWv kz]v\-øn I -Xv. bqkp^v Ah c p-t] pw X߃ I kz]v\-øns A w hymjym-\n- p-sim-sp-øp. Xm ho v ]ngn-s -Sp- p- -Xmbn I -bmƒ Pbn-en \n pw Xs \nc-]-cm-[nøw sxfn v tamnn- n- -s v cmpm-hns sim m-c-øn Xs XncnsI tpmen-bn {]th-in- n- -s -Spw. A]-c, Xe-bn \n pw sdm n ] n-iƒ simøn-øn- p- -Xmb Z i-\-øn I -bmƒ, Xs Ip -IrXyw sxfn-bn- -s v h[-in- bv p hnt[-b-\m-ipw. (Xp-S-cpw) AK-Xn-I-tfm-sSmØv CuZv Zn\-Øn... IÆq Su - -Iq-Smfn Jp±m-ap Alva- Znøm apven-kp-iƒ kwbp- -ambn C -gn s]cp- mƒ Zn\-Øn JnZvasØ J Jv ]cn- ]msn kwl-sn- n- p. BXp-c-tk-h-\-Øns DZm- Ø-amb Nn{X-߃ Alva-Zobp-hm- ƒ Pohn- X-Øn-te v ]I Øn-b-Xns sxfn-hm-bncp p CXv. CØ-hW Ccp-a-Pven-kp-I-fn-tebpw bphm- ƒ km z-\-k-µ i\w \S-Øn-bXv IÆq-cnse {]Xym-im-`-h AK-Xn-a-µn-c-Ønepw Aa-em-`-h kv{xokw-c- -W-tI-{µ-Ønepw Bbn-cp- p. Dt]- n- -s - -hcpw k hpw \ -s - -h-cp-amb Hcp-]mSv t]cpss Bhm-ktI-{µ-ß-fm-Wn-h. tcmkhpw A\m-YXzhpw Zb- \o-b-am- n-øo Ø PohnXw ]cn-xm-]-i-c-amb-co-xn-bn apt m- p-\-bn- p Cu a\p-jy- Po-hn-Iƒ AlvaZo bphm- -fpss kµ i-\- Øn F mw ad- p. C q- -Øn FbvUvkv tcmkn-ifpw _p n-am-µy-ap- -h-cp-ap v. ChnsS F v.-sf.hn t]mkn- o-hmb Hcp ]n p-_m-e Bcnepw s\mº-c-ap-w Øp ImgvN-bm-Wv. amxm-]n-xm- ƒ t\csø acn Cu Ip n A\p-\n-anjw Ah-\-dn-bmsX ac-w-øn-te v ]n -sh- p-i-bm-wv. Alva-Znøm Pam-A- Øns bph-p-\-hn-`m-k-amb Jp±m-ap Alva- Zn-øm-bnse AwK-߃ Acn, Blm-c-km-[-\- ߃ XpS-ßn-bh At -hm-kn-iƒ v hnxcww snbvxp. kµ i-\-øn\p apt m-snbmbn JmZnw AXv^m AwKßsf auehn apl-ωzv Ckvam-bn kmln_v kwt_m-[\ snbvxp. BXp-c-tk-h-\-Øns hgn, sszh- Øns hgn-bm-sw pw At±lw Hm Ω-s - Sp-Øn. s]cp- mƒ Zn\-Ønse Cu ]cn-]m-sn- Iƒ v IÆq Su JmbnZv ]n. Da, IqSmfn JmbnZv kmpnzv F n-h t\xrxzw \evin. IqSmsX dnbm-kv, A h, jmpn.-sn, ^low, \nin, in_n XpS-ßnb bphm- fpw ]cn- ]m-sn v Np m ]n-sn- p. At -Zn-hkwXs sship-t cw JmZnw-Iƒ IqSm-fn-bnse "A ]Iw' AK-Xn-a- µn-chpw kµ in- p. Chn-tSbpw \ncm-ew-_- cmb HØn-cn-t] Ign-bp- p- v. Ffn-b-co-Xnbn-ep F m, lrz-b-kv]r- mb Hcp kwcw-`-amwv A ]-Iw. CXn\v t\xrxzw simsp- p- Xv IqSmfn Pam-A-Øw-K-amb tumœ Da kmln-_m-wv. At±lw JnZvasØ J Jn-\m-sb-Ønb ktlm-z-c-ß-fpambn tn v s]cp- mƒ kmbm- sø \ncmew-_ p-th n sne-h-gn- p. \nimzv Ako-kv, IÆq 249 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 29

29 tej\w sszhhpw Ahs "kn^-øp-'ifpw (God and His Attributes) F. A p dlnw sszhw k -i- \pw (Omnipotent) k - \pw (Omniscient) k hym-]nbpw (Omnipresent) BsW- v sszhsø kw_- n Fs - nepw [mcw ]pe Øp F m-hcpw s]mxpsh hnizkn- p- p. sszhw kkp-w\mwv. sszh-øns KpW-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv Ahs\ Adn-bp- -Xv. ""GsX- n-ep-sam- ns D sb kw_- n \n Æ-b\w AXns KpW-ß-sf- p-dn- p \n Æ-b\w IqSmsX km y-a- '' 1 F v hmkvzø alvzo akolv (A) ]d-bp- p. \n Kp-W-\mb Hcp sszhsø k -ev n- phm\mhn. Aß-s\-sbmcp i n-bp-s - n AXv Ai- n-bm-wv. AYhm \mkvx-nbm-wv. \n Kp- W-\mb sszhsøs m v B pw Hcm-h-iy-hpan- -Xm-\pw. AXp-sIm v Ckvem-anse sszhw kkp- W-\m-Wv. sszhw tiƒ p-ibpw ImWp-Ibpw kr n- p- Ibpw kwl-cn- p-ibpw P\n- n- p-ibpw acn- n- p- Ibpw in n- p-ibpw c n- p-ibpw Bcw-`n- p- Ibpw Ah-km-\n- n- p-ibpw snøp- p. Ah Ahs Zmk-tcmSv kwkm-cn- p-ibpw Ahsc A\p-{K-ln- p-ibpw snøp- -h-\m-ip- p. \ bpw Xn bpw hkvxphpw Ah-kvXphpw ÿqehpw kq vahpw ÿehpw Imehpw Ccp pw shfn- hpw \ Xpw NoØbpw kpk- hpw Zp K- hpw kuµcyhpw sshcq-]yhpw ]Zm hpw iq\y-xbpw Poh\pw PUhpw F mw sszh-øns kr n-bm- Ip- p. \nd-ßfpw i -ßfpw cpnn-ifpw aw-ßfpw Ah kr n- -h-bm-wv. sszhw GI\pw \nkvxpe-\p-am-ip- p. Ah GIXzhpw aqe-im-c-w-hp-am- Ip- p. Ah H -bm-ip- p-sh- nepw F m FÆß-fp-tSbpw A -hp-am-ip- p. Ah Aaq Ø-`mh-\-bm-sW- nepw F m `mh-\-iƒ paxo-x-\m-bn- p- -h\pw Ah-bvs mw A p-d-øns A p-d- Øp- -h\pw BIp- p. sszh-sø- n hmkvzø alvzo akolv (A) C{]- Imcw ]d-bp- p. ""Ahs KpW-hn-ti-j-ß-sf mw A\m-Zyhpw A\- -hp-am-wv. Hcp KpWhpw \njv{in-b-am-bn- n-. Hcn- epw \njv{in-b-am-ip- -Xp-a-. Ah GI\pw Iq p-im-c C m-ø-h-\p-ambnøs bncn- p- p. Ah\v ]p{x-\n-, If-{X-hp-an-. Ah \nkvxp-e- \p-am-ip- p. Ah-s\-t mse Hcp-Ø\pw Fs - nepw khn-ti-j-kp-w-ß-fm {]txy-i-s -Sp-Ø-s - n- n-. Ah-t\mSv kmay-\mbn Bcp-an-. Ah\v A\p-Kp- W-\mbpw Bcp-an-. Ahs Hcp i n pw Ipdhp-]- p-i-bn-. Ah AI-e-Øp- -h-\m-sw- nepw ASp-Øp- -h-\p-am-ip- p. ASp-Øp- -h-\m-sw- nepw Ah AI-e-Øp- -h-\p-am-ip- p. Ah {]Xn- _nw-_m-fl-i-ambn "Iiv^v' Im v* kzbw shfns -Sp-Øp- p-sh- nepw Ah\v ico-c-an-. Ah F m-ønepw tase-bm-ip- p. F m, Ahs Iosg as -s - nepw Ds v ]d- p-iq-sm. Ah "A in'emsw- nepw `qan-bn-en-s v ]d-bm-h-x-. F m ]cn-]q Æ KpW-ß-fp-tSbpw ka-hm-b-am-wh. F m bym -Kp-W-ß-fp-tSbpw Dd-hn-S-am-Wh. F m i n-i-fp-tsbpw ti{µ-ÿm-\-am-w-h. F m A\p-{K-l-ß-fp-sSbpw \n -a-ÿm-\hpw Ah Xs -. F m Hmtcm hkvxp-hn-t bpw as- hpw Ah-\n-te- m-ip- p. F m Hmtcm cmpy-ønt bpw DS-a-ÿ Ah-\m-Ip- p. Ah F m ]cn- ]q Æ KpW-ß-fp-tSbpw ka-\z-b-am-ip- p. Ah F m Ipd-hp-I-fn \n pw _e-lo-\-x-i-fn \n pw AXo-X-\p-am-Ip- p.'' 2 sszhw tim]n- p-ibpw {]km-zn- p-ibpw kt mjn- p-ibpw snøp- p. F nepw Ah a\p-jys\-t mse hnim-cn-bm-sw v ]d- p-iq-sm. am\pjn-i-amb KpW-߃ Ah-\n kzr-iym-fl-i-ambn am{xw hne-kp p F - msx B KpW-ß-sfm pw am\p-jn-i-kp-w-ß-fp-ambn H pw Xmc-X-ay-s -Sp-Ømhp- -h-b-. Ahs Ahÿ a\p-jy v A\p-`h-s -Sp- -Xn\pw Adn-bp- -Xn-\p-ambn B KpW-߃ sszh-øn A]q Æ-cq-]-Øn A ym-tcm]w snøp p F p-am-{xw. sszhw tim]n- p psh v ]d-bp-tºmƒ a\p-jy-cn tim]-øns hnim-c-ap- m-ip- -Xp-t]mse sszh-øn hnim-c-ap- m- Ip p F w \evim-hp- -X-. IS tim]n- p p F p ]d-bp-tºmƒ IS-en\v hnim-c-ap- m- Ip p F pw a\p-jys\t]mse Hcp lrzbw AXn- \p-s pw Bcpw A -am- m-dn-. adn- v, IS-ens Ahÿ a\p-jy\v A\p-`-h-s -Sp-Ibpw Adn-bp- 1. Nivasb aavcn^øv lkvdøv AlvaZv(A) t] 197. * Pm{K-Xm-h-ÿ-bn-ep- m-ip Bfl-Z i-\m-\p-`q-xn-bmwv Iiv^v te. (2) A h-kn-øøv, t] 11,12. "hmkvzø ako-lns enjnx ii-e-߃.' (a-e-bmfw hnh: F. A p d-lnw, te. Alva-Znøm ixm n {]kn- o-i-cww Islam International Publication Ltd. Printed by Raqeem Press, Islamabad, Surrey (UK) 30 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 250

30 Ibpw snøp-am-dm-ip- -Xn\v Hcp kt Xw D]-tbm- Kn- p- p-sh v am{xw. Cu kmzriyw ]t, sszhsø kw_- n- n-s-tømfw A\p-Nn-Xhpw A]q Æhpw BWp-Xm-\pw. ImcWw sszhw A\p- ]-a\pw A]-cn-ta-b\pw A\m-{i-bnbpw Bb-Xn-\m Ahs kø-tbtbm KpW-ß-tftbm Ahs kr n-bmb as m- n-t\mspw Xmc-X-ay-s -Sp-Øn- q- Sm. ]cn-an-x-amb a\p-jy-_p- n v B A]-cn-tab `mhsø Dƒs m- m\pw a\- n-em- m\pw BIm- Ø-Xn-\m, G hpw ASpsØmcp kt -XsØ B{i-bn- p p F p-am-{x-ta-bp- q. AXmWv Jp - B ]d-bp- Xv "ebvkm Ian-Yn-enlo ibv -D ' Ah H n-t\mspw kmzr-iy-ap- -h-\- (42:12) F v. sszh-øns 103 ]cw KpW-߃ Jp -B-\n ]d-b-s - n- p- v. Ah-bvs møv A{X-Xs t]cp-ifpw Ah-\p- v. F m, Ahs KpW-߃ Ah am{xa-. Ah-sb-Æn- -W- m- mhx-. "kl-{k-\m-a ' F v sslµ-h-{k-ÿ-ß-fn ]d-b-s - n- p- -t m. Hmtcm \mfnepw sszhw Hmtcm {]`mhw ssis m- p psh pw Jp -B ]d-bp- p. "Ip buan lphm ^o iav\n ' Hmtcm \mfnepw Cu \mfns Afhv A mlp am{xw Adn-bp- p Ah Hmtcm {]`mhw ssis m- p- p. (55:30) BI-bm Ahs KpW-߃ FÆn- -W- m- m-h-p X-. F m, Ah-sbm- pw-xs ]ckv]c hncp- -ß-fp-a-. 3 F m, ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb \mev KpW-߃ "kqdx-^m-øn-lm-'bn ]d-bp- p. Ah ki-e-tem- I-ß-fp-tSbpw \my-\m-wv. "d p Be-ao ' F - XmWv BZysØ "kn^-øv'. AXp-sIm- p-xs Ahs {]`mhw B F m temi-ß-fnepw hym]n- p-in-s- p- p. Ah-iy-ambpw hym]n- n-cn- -Ww. Ahs KpW-ßfpw Ahs købpw A`n- am-i-bm KpW-߃ D -bn-søv købpw købp- n-søv KpW-ßfpw hym]-cn- -Ww. Ahs Aaq Ø-ß-fmb KpW-߃t]mseXs Aaq Øamb købpw AZr-iy-am-Ip- p. "Im\- mlp_n Ip- n-ibv aploxzm' A mlp ki-e-h-kvxp- tfbpw hebw snbvxn-cn- p- p-sh v Jp -B ]dbp- p. (4:127) hmkvzø alvzo ako-lv(-a) ]d-bp- p. "Ah F m hkvxp- -tfbpw hebw snbvxncn- p- p-sh- nepw B hebw Fß-s\-bp- -XmsW v ]d-bm-h-x-.' 4. "Ip p iøn ' F -Xn ]c-am-wp- fpw (Atoms) kq va-i-w-ßfpw (Sub-atomec Particles) Dƒs -Sp- p. AXv Du -ambn amdp-tºmƒ B Du hpw Dƒs -Sp- p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs {_ mwvtism-l-tøbpw A mlp he-bw snøp- p. Fß-s\-bmWv hebw snbvxn-cn- p- -sx- Xv A m-lp-hns m\-øn am{xw Dƒs - -X-s{X. a\p-jy\v Np pw {]h Øn- p tdun-tb-j-s\- - n-øs AsX-ßs\ {]h Øn- p- p-sh v \ap- -dn-bn- -t m. sszhw k -i- -\m-bn-cn- -bm (Aem- Ip n iøn JZo ) sszh-sa- m-bn-søpw D m-bn-cn- m Ign-hp- -h-\m-bn-cn- -Ww. sszhw C mø Hcn-SsØ- p-dn pw Ah\v Ign-hn- mø Hcp Imcy-sØ- p-dn pw k -ev]n- p-iq-sm. At mƒ Ah k hym-]n-b- m-xn-cn- m Bhn-. Ah-\n bmsxmcp t]mcm-bvabpw Ign-hp-tISpw A]q Æ-Xbpw Btcm- ]n- p-iq-sm. hmkvzø alvzn akolv(-a) ]d-bp- p: ""Hcp kn^-øn sszhw A]q Æ\pw Ipd-hp- h-\p-am-sw v h m Ah F m kn^-øp-ifnepw A\ym-Zri\pw Xpey-X-bn- m-ø-h\pw Bbncn- m-h-x-.'' 5 A mlp k -hym-]n-bm-wv. F p-sh- m F m-bn-s-øp-ap- -h. k -hym-]n-sb- Xv Hcp kwkvir-x-]-z-am-wv. F m-bn-s-øp-ap- -h (Omnipresent) F px-s -bmwv AXp-sIm v A -am- -s -Sp- -Xv. A mlp hnim-e (hmkn-av) BsW pw k -km n (im-ln-zv) BsW pw ]db-s - n- p- -Xns kqn-\bpw AXp-X-s. A mlphn-s\- n tiƒ p- -h (k-ao-av) F pw ImWp- -h (_-kzo ) F pw km n (im-ln-zv) F pw {k mhv (Jm-en-Jv) F pw a pw ]d-bp-tºmƒ AhbpsS A -Øn \mw km n-ixzw Btcm-]n- p- Xv B KpW-ß-fpsS ]c-a-amb cq]-`m-h-߃ sszh-øn am-{xta shfn-s -Sp-Øp-I-bp q F p- -Xp-sIm- -s{x. sszhsø `mj-bn HXp- m-\mhn-. BIm-hp- n-s-tømfw Ahs\ Ah-X-cn- n- p- p-sh- p-am-{xw. `mj-bp-ss, Bi-bØns A]q ÆX sszh-øns ]q Æ-`m-hsØ Ah-Xcn- n- p-hm a\p-jys\ Ai- -\m- p- p. AXpsIm v Adn-bm-hp hm p-i-fn km y-am-ip- n- S-tØmfw Ahs\ hnh-cn- p-im- p-i-bmwv snøp- - Xv. sszh-øns KpW-߃ hnh-cn- p-hm Xmc- X-tay\ G hpw {]m]vx-amb `mj Ad-_n-bm-sW v hmkvzø alvzo akolv(a) ]d- n- p- Xpw AXpsIm- m-wv. 6. "d p Be-ao ' F ]Z-Øn Dƒs m- p F m A -ßfpw Bi-b-ßfpw as mcp `mj-bn as mcp ]Zw -ap-tj\ hyh-t -Zn- m km y-a-. "d v' F ]Z-Øn-\p-Xs F{Xtbm A -ß-fp- v. B F m A -ßfpw sszh- Øns kn^-øp-i-fn s]-sp- p. AØcw Hcp ]Zw temiøv as mcp `mj-bnepw C. AXp-sIm v sszhw k -hym]n F p ]d-bp-tºmƒ B hm ns Bi-b-]-c-amb A]q ÆX sszh-øns (3) Introduction to the Study of the Holy Qur-an. (4) eivn emtlm lkvdøv AlvaZv(A), t] 7. (5) eivn emtlm lkvdøv AlvaZv(A), t] 9. (6) an\-\p dlvam, lkvdøv Alva-Zv(-A) Favours of the beneficient, P kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 31

31 `mh-km-k-cn-i-ßsf shfn-s -Sp-Øm {]tbm-p-\-s - Sp- n-s - n AXv `mj-bpss \yq\x am{x-a- msx sszhn-i-kp-w-øns \ntj-[-am-bn-cn- p- n-.* iq\y-x-bn-ep Hcp tkmf-øn\v api-fpw Xmsgbpw ]n pw ap pw CSØpw he-øp-an. Bt]- n-i-ambn kao- -I\v AXv ap ntem ]n ntem tatetbm Iosgtbm BsW v ]d-bmw. {]] w (Universe) tkmfm-fl-i-am-sw- n AXns ]n nse Xv Fßs\ k -ev]n- pw? ]n n \n v F p ]d-bp- -Xp-Xs ap nepw Xmsgbpw aosxbpw CSØpw heøpw Np n-ep-sa- m-am-wv. Cu F m Zni- I-tfbpw AtXm-sSm w AIhpw ]pdhpw Dƒs - Sp-Øn-s m v Ahn-S-ß-fn-se mw HtcAh-k-c- Ønepw Hcp-t]m-sebpw Hcp i n AYhm Hcp hkvxp {]Xn-`m-kn- p- -Xns\ tzymxn- n- m-\p Hcp hm v Hcp `mj-bn-ep-an-. AXp-sIm v {]]- -Øn-\p-]n- nse pw AXoXsa pw a pw ]d-bptºmƒ AXp-sIm v A -am- -s -Sp- Xv F m Zni-I-tfbpw Dƒs -Sp-Øn-s m- p-x-s -bm-sw v a\- n-em- m {]bm-k-an-. Cu F m Zni-I-tfbpw Htc Ah-k-c-Øn Dƒs -Sp-Øn-s m- p Hcp ÿm\w k -hym-]iw Xs -bm-sw- Xv bp nhm-zn-bmb GXv sime-s m-º\pw kω-xn- m-xn-cn- m km y-a-. Fs - m bp n-]-c-amb hnnn- -\-Øns A\n-hmcy \nk-a\w (Inference) BWXv. AXp-sIm v {]]- -Øn\p ]n n-ep i n-bmwv sszh-sa v Hcp BkvXn-I ]d-bp-tºmgpw "{]]- -Øn\p ]n n-ep kt_m-[-nnøw' (Conscious Intelligent being behind the Universe) F v Hcp `uxn- I-im-kv{X- ]d-bp-tºmgpw, {]]- -Øn {]Xn- `m-kn- mø, iq\y-x-bn Asß-hn-sStbm A\yambn hn\y-kn- p Ft m H msw v A am- -s -Sp-t -bn-. ChnsS behind F ]Z-Øn\v ASn-h-c-bn- -Xp-sIm-s m pw _p n-bp- -h ImSp- I-b-dp-I-bn-. A mlp k -hym-]n-bm-wv. Ah F m-bn-s- Øp-ap- -h\s - n ]ns Hcn-SØv Hcp {]txy- I- -ÿm-\øv D]-ÿn-X\pw koan-x-\p-am-sw v ]dtb- n-h-cpw. k -hym]n F ]Zw tih-e-ambn AXns F m A -Ønepw sszh-øn-\p-am-{xta D]-tbm- Kn- p-iqsq F -XmWv kxyw. as m- n-s\- p-dn- mbmepw AXv Bt]- ni hym]-ixzw am{x-am-bn-cn- pw. {]] w Ah-iy-ambpw ]cn-an-x-am-wv. ÿe- Im-e-߃ A\- -ambn A\p-`-h-s -Sp- p-sh- nepw Ah-iy-ambpw XmXzn-I-ambpw km -am-ip- p. ÿew FhnsS Ah-km-\n- p- p? Imew Ft mƒ Ahkm-\n- p p? ÿehpw Imehpw Bt]- n-i-ßfm-wv. ÿehpw Imehpw A\- -amtwm? Bbn-cn- m km y-a-. AsX-hnsS Ahkm- -\n- p p F p ]d-bm km[n- m-ø-xp-sim- p-am{xw Ahkm-\n- p- n F p ]d- p-iq-sm. GXv bp nhm-znbpw ChnsS simºp-ip-øp- p. ImcWw bp n- ]-c-amb Hcp Zp -a-k n (logical impasse) BWn- Xv. Imehpw ÿehpw FhnsS Ah-km-\n- p p F Xv {]IrXnbpsS aqe-im-c-w-amb sszh-øns m\-øn am{xw Dƒs -Sp Imcy-amWv F hnizm-k-øn CXv ]tcm- - m-\-ß-fn AYhm "Kbv_n' s] hnizm-k-am-wv Hcp BkvXn-I Bizmkw Is -Øp- p. 7 Nn AhnsS Ah-iy-ambpw Ah-km-\n- n- p-ibpw snøp- p. F m, Ah-km-\n- p- n F p ]dbp- -h Ah-km-\n- m-bvi-bpss cq]w hnh-cn- p- X-cm _m y-ÿ-cm-wv. Imc-W-sa-s - m \ΩpsS _p n-bpss At\z-j-W-Xzc AhnsS Ahkm-\n- p- n-. ChnsS a\p-jys _p n ho pap- p- -Xp-sIm- mwv `uxn-i-x-xz- A pdw Nn n- m-\m-hmsx At -b-hm-z-øn (Agnosticism) c -tx-sp-i-bp- m-b-xv. {]]- -Ønse Hmtcm hkvxphpw km -am-wv. ]c-am-wp-hnse kq va-i-w-߃ sxm v AJn-emfi-tImSn{_ m-wvt-߃h-tcbpw Ah-sb mw Dƒs m- p hniz-i-sm-lhpw km -am-ip- p. km -ß-fpsS ka-hm-bhpw km -am-imsx Xc-an- m-sb- -Xp-sIm v {]] w AYhm {]IrXn Ahiy-ambpw km -am-wv. hnkvxr-xn-bpss Ah-km-\- amwv A\- -X-bpsS Bcw-`w. F m Bt]- n-iamb A\- -X-I-fp-tSbpw A p-d-øp- -h-\mwv A\- -X-bpsS DS-a-ÿ-\mb sszhw. AXmWv Jp - B ]d-bp- Xv "h A - Cem d n- ap Xlm' F m BXy- n-i-x-ifpw (Xp-S- hpw HSp- -hpw) \ns d n sn- -h-km-\n- p- p (53:43) F v. hym]-i-xz-øns BXy- n-i-x-bpw sszh-øn am{x-am-bn-cn- -Ww. AXn-\m sszhw k -hym- ]n-x-s -bm-wv. {]]- -Øn F m-bn-søpw A mlp Ds - p-]-d- m AYhm Ah k -hym-]nbm-sw v ]d- m, AXv "hlv-z-øp hppqzv' hmztam AssZz-X-hm-Ztam A. Ckvemw AssZz-Xhm-ZsØ AwKo-I-cn- p- n-. 8 apkvenw-iƒ sszzxn- I-fm-Wv. F p-sh- m Ckvem-anI Zr ym {k mhpw kr nbpw c pw c m-wv. {]] w thsd, {]]- -I Ømhv thsd. "Alw {_ mkvan' (Rm Xs bmwv sszhw) F v AYhm "A\ ljv' F p ]d-bp- -Xn\v kr nbpw {k mhpw `n -a-s - mwv * sszhw Omnipresent BsW v ]d-bp- -Xns A w A mlp lmfndpw \mfndpw BsW- m-wv. `mj-bn CXn\v k -hym-]n- -sb- - msx as mcp hm pan. Cw o-jn Pervade F hm p-]-tbm-kn- p-tºmgpw icn-bmb A -{]- XoXn D m-ip- n-. ]t, `mj-iƒ A]q Æ-ß-fm-b-Xp-sIm v AØcw GsX nepw ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn- p-i-b- msx a p am -an- -Xm-\pw. (7) X^vkosd I_o lkvdøv an km _iodp-±o alvaqzv AlvaZv(d). (8) AssZz-X-Z i-\hpw Ckvema-X- X-Xz-ßfpw a\- n-em- p- -Xn\v "Ckvemapw AssZz-X-Z i-\hpw' F ]pkvxiw hmbn- p-i. {KŸ-I Ømhv F. lman-zv {Ik v ]ªn-t -j. 32 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 252

32 A -sa- n AXv A\n-kvem-an-I-amb Hcp Nn bm-ip- p. A lmpv a kq-dns "A\ l-jn\v' AØ-c-sam-c -a D -sx v hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(-a) Nq n- m-wn- n- p- v. A mlp GI-\m-Wv. (A-l-Zv) AtX Ah-k-c- Øn Xs GI-am-{X\pw (hm-ln-zv) BWv. kr n- I-sfm pw Xs -bn- mø Cu GI-am-{Xm-hÿ sszh- Øn shfn-s -Sp-Ibpw A{]-Xy- -am-ip-ibpw snbvxp-sim- n-cn- p Hcp KpW-am-Wv. F m, AXv \ -s -SpItbm \njv{in-b-am-hp-itbm snøp- n-. A mlp hniz-sø kr n- p-ibpw AXns\ ]q Æ-ambpw \in- n- p-ibpw ho pw iq\y-x-bn \n v hniz-sø kr n- p-ibpw snøp- -h-\m-ip- p. sszh-øns Cu GI-am-{Xm-hÿ AYhm "hlvzm-\n-bøv' F{X-X-hW ]p\-cm-h Øn- -s - n- p-s - Xv A mlp am{xta Adn-bp-I-bp- q. hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(a) C{]-Imcw ]d-bp- p. ""sszhw Hcp cl-ky-\n-[n-t]m-se-bm-bn-cp- p. Ah Adn-b-s -Sp- -Xn\v C n- p. Aß-s\-b-h Adn-b-s -Sp- -Xn-\p-th n a\p-jys\ kr n- p. F m, sszh-øns Cu GI-am-{Xm-hÿ (hlvzsø Cem-ln)bpsS Ime-L w F{X-X-hW D mbn- p-s v \ap- -dn-bn-. AXns Adnhv sszh- Øn\p am{x-ta-bp- q. F m, a p kn^-øp-iƒ Fs -t - p-ambn \njv{inbw Bbn-cn- m-hx- m- Ø-Xp-t]mse GI-am-{X F kn^øpw Fs t - p-ambn \njv{inbw Bbn-cn- p- n-. Nnet mƒ AXns Bh Ø\w kw`-hn- p- p. Nnet mƒ sszhn-i-ambkø {]]- sø kwl-cn- phm C n- p-ibpw Nne-t mƒ kr n- p-ibpw snøp- p. Fs - m, Pohn- n- p-ibpw acn- n- p- Ibpw snøpi F c v kn^-øp-ifpw Ah-t - Xm-Wv. BI-bm kie Poh-h-kvXp- -tfbpw sszhw kwl-cn- p- p. F{X-tØm-f-sa- m, BImi-`q-an-Iƒ Hcp IS-emkv A p-dhpw C p-dhpw adn- p- -Xp-t]mse ASn-ta adn- p Hcp Imew hcp- -Xm-Wv. B Ah-ÿ-bn sszh-øns KpW߃ \njv{in-b-am-ti- Xv Bh-iy-am-bn-h-cp- n-. F p-sim-s - m Nne kn^-øp-iƒ shfn-s - Sp-tºmƒ AXn-s -Xn-cn-ep- Xpw AtXm-sSm w tncm- Ø-Xp-amb a p Nne kn^-øp-iƒ as m-c-h-k-c- Øn shfn-s -Sp-am-dm-Ibpw AXp-hsc shfn-s - SmsX ImØp-In-S- p-ibpw snøpw. CXv A p-xi- n-{]-i-s-\-øns Hcp ]c-º-c-bm-ip- p. AXpap-tJ\ kwl-cn- -en-\p-tijw Pohn- n- A\nhm-cy-am-bn-Øo-cp- p. CtX A -Øn-emWv sszh- Øns Hcp kn^øpwxs \njv{in-b-am-i-bns v \mw ]dbp- -Xv. Ah A\m-Znbnse Pohn- n- p- -h\pw acn- n- p- -h-\p-am-ip- p. apºp- mbn-cp-s - nepw Ct mgn AYhm Ct mgps - nepw ] p- m-bn-cp- n- F v ]d-bm-hp Hcp (9) Nivasb aavcn^øv, dqlm\o Jkmbn, hmfyw 23, t] 186. KpWhpw Hcp kn^øpw Ah- n. Npc-p -Øn \ΩpsS hnizmkw CXm-Wv: bmsxmcp hkvxphpw sszh-øns GI-Xbv v XS w kr n- p- n-. Ahs kø kzbw ÿnxn-xhpw (Jmbnw _n - ^vknln) A\m-Znbpw A\- -hp-am-ip- p. _m n apgp-h hkvxp- fpw \iz-c-k-ø-ifpw (lm-en- - Øp m-øv) bmym y-an- m-ø-hbpw (_m-øn-e- Øp l-jo-j-øv) BIp- p. 9 Npcp- -Øn bmsxmcp kr nbpw C m-øt mƒxs A m-lp-hns F m KpW-ßfpw Ah- \n ÿnxn-sn-øp- p- m-bn-cp- p-sh pw H pw \njv{in-b-am-itbm \ -s -Sp-Itbm snøp- n-s pw Ah AXmXv L -Øn Bh-iy-ap- -t mƒ shfns -Sp-I-bm-sW- p-amwv Ckvem-anI sszh-z i-\- Ønse ImgvN- m-sv. AXn-\m sszh-øns k hym-]n-øhpw Ah-\n BZn-bnte \ne-\n-ev p p sh- nepw kr n-bpss D -h-tøm-ss-am{xw shfns -Sp KpW-am-W-sX v a\- n-em-ip- p. kr n v apºv Ah-\n kzmb-ø-amb KpWw kr n- p-tijhpw XpS-cp-sa- n kr n-bn IqSn-t -cmsx Xs B KpWw shfn-s -Sp-Ibpw \ne-sim- p-ibpw snøpw. AXn-\m sszhw k -hym-]n-bm-sw- n ]Zm -Øn AYhm kr n-bp-ambn IqSn-t ncn-t -W-at m F pw ÿe-an- msx hym]n- n-cn- p- -sx-ßs\ F p-ap tnmzy-߃ A{]-k- -ßfm-Wv. F m-bn-søpw sszh-øns k `mhw hncm- Pn- p- p-sh v ]dbp-tºmƒ AXv køm-]-c-am-bn- m-bmepw kr n-bp-ambn IqSn-t -tc- -Xn. A mlp ki-e-h-kvxp- -tfbpw (Matter) hebw snbvxn-cn- p- p-sh- mwv Jp -B ]dbp- -Xv. Ah-bn ebn- p-in-s- p- p-sh- -. B hebw Fß-s\-bp- - Xm-sW v A mlp am{xta Adn-bp- p q F mwv hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(-a) ]Tn- n- p-x- n- p- -Xv. "Ip p-i-øn ' ki-e-h-kvxp- fpw F -Xn Du -I-W-߃ sxm v hniz-i-smlw apgp-h\pw Dƒs -Sp- p. A m-lp-hns "hlvzm-\n-bøv' F KpW-Øns hnir-x-k- -ev]-amwv hlvz-øp hppq-zn v cq]w \evin-b-xv. kr n-kpww {k m-hn-t\m-ssm- -ap- -Xm- I-bm {k m-hn-t\m-ssm- w-xs kr nbpw D mbn-cn- -W-sa v Cu Nn m-k-xn- m k -ev]n- p. CXp-X-s -bmwv AssZz-X-hm-Zn-Ifpw Nn n- -Xv. kr nbpw {k mhpw A`n- -am-sw pw {k m-h- msx as m pw Cs - p-ap \nk-a-\-øn Ahsc-Øp-Ibpw snbvxp. Ckvem-anse sszh-k- ev]w CX-. {k mhv kr n-bn \n v XnI pw `n \pw AXo-X\pw ]cn-ip- -\p-ambn th Xn-cn v \ne-sim- p p F mwxv ]d-bp- -Xv. A\m-Zn-bnepw Ah GI-\m-Ip- p. (h-l-z-øp-^n -A-k- v) A\- -X-bnepw Ah GI-\m-Ip- p ("hl-zøp ^n AbvZv'). Cu \ne-bn am{x-amwv "hlv-zlp em ico- -elp' F 253 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 33

33 Ahs kn^øv ]q Æ-\n-e-bn km -I-am-bn- Øo-cp- -sx v hmkvzø alvzn akolv(-a) hni- Zo-I-cn- n-cn- p- p Unkw-_-dn emtlm-dn tn ax-a-lmk-tω-f-\-øn Bcy-k-am-Pn-Iƒ Ah-X-cn- n {]_- -Øn D -bn Bt -]-߃ v adp-]-snbmbn hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(-a) cnn {KŸ-amWv "Nivasb aavcn^øv' AYhm Bflo-b- m\ \n Q-cn. CXn tn Ø ]fin v tejvdm-ans ap_m-le tej-\-øn, "apkvenw-iƒ hniz-kn- p- Xpt]mse sszhw BIm-i-Øntem A intem A D -Xv, Ah k -hym-]n-bm-ip p' F v ]d- n-s-øv ASn- p-dn- n hmkvzø alvzn akolv(-a) C{]-Imcw Fgp-Xn. ""A mlp F m-bn-søpw Cs - mcp ]d-bp- p. adn- v, Ah F m-bn-s-øpam-wv. Ah A iv D-S-b-h\pw (Zp -A iv) Xs. Cu hnj-b-a Ωw Adn-hn- mø Hcmƒ v {Kln- phm-\m-hn- '' 10. hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(-a) C{]- Imcw hni-zo-i-cn- p- p. ""sszhw a\p-jys coxn-bn BIm-i-Øn-cn- p- I-bm-sW- XmWv Ckvem-anse hnizm-k-sa v {]_- -I Ømhv ]d-bp- p...-hn-ip- -Jp -Bs ]mta-\p-k-cn v sszhw BIm-i-Øn-te-Xp-t]mse `qanbnepw D v. Ah ]d-bp p: "lph Zo ^n -ambn Cem-lp h ^n -A fn Cemlp ' BIm-i-Ønepw Ah X-s -bmwv sszhw. `qan-bnepw Ah X-s bmwv sszhw.''(43:85) ho pw ]d-bp- p. ""bmsxmcp cl-ky-n -bnepw aq p-t] H n- p-tn-cp- n-, \mem-a-\mbn sszh-hp-an- m-sx.'' ]ns bpw ]d-bp- p. "em XpZvcn- plp A_vkmdp hlph bpzv-cn- p A_vkmdp' IÆp-Iƒ v Ahs AXy- ko-asb {]m]n- m-\m-hn-. F m Ah IÆp- I-fpsS AXy koa-i-fnseøp- p.(6:104) ho pw ]d-bp p: ""\lv\p AJvd_p Cebvln an -l- _ven hcozv'' \mw a\p-jys Poh-\m-Un-tb- mƒ Ahs ASp-Øp- -h-\m-ip- p.(50:17) ]ns sszhw F m hkvxp- -tfbpw hebw snbvx-h (ap-lo-xzv) BsW pw Hcn-SØv ]d- n-cn- p- p. as m-cn-søv A mlp ]d- n-cn- p- p. "C - ml blqep ss_\ a-dc hj _nln' \n -bambpw A mlp a\p-jy\pw Ahs lrz-b-øn- \p-an-s-bn Hcp ad AYhm XS- -am-bn-cn- p- p. (8:25) ]ns bpw ]d-bp- p. "A mlp \qdp- -amhmøn h A fv' BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn GsXm-cphs apj-øns {]`-bmtwm D Xv Ah-\s{X A m-lp. Ah-s\-Iq-Sm-sX-bp- -sx mw A -Imc-am-Ip- p. (24:36) ho pw ]d-bp- p. "Ip p-a Aebvlm ^m\n hb-_vjm hpplp d n Zp P-emen h -CIvdmw' F m Hmtcm hkvxphpw \in- p-t]m-ip- Xpw ]cn-h Ø-\-hn-t[-b-hp-am-Ip- p. F m, Ah-ti-jn- p- -h Btcm Ah- \s{x sszhw. 11 (55:27,28) {]kvxp-x-{k-ÿ-øn as m-cn-søv "A in' s\] n C{]-Imcw hni-zo-i-cn- p- p: ""c m-asø Bt ]w A in D]-hn-jvT-\mbn (C-kvXhm Ae A in) F hmn-i-am-wv. "CkvXhm' F ]Z-tØm-sSm w "Aem' F Ahybw h m AXns A w Hcp hkvxp DNn-X-amb Ah-ÿ-bn ÿm\w ]nsn- pi F -s{x... ChnsS A m-lp-hn-s\- n "CkvXhm' F ]Zw {]tbm-kn- -t mƒ AXns A w A m-lp-hns ]cn-ip- n-bp-tsbpw DZm-Ø-X-bp-sSbpw DNn-Xm-h-ÿbmb "hdm-hp hdm' AYhm A p-d-øn-\- p-dap ÿm\w ]nsn p F -s{x. DZm-Øhpw ]c-a- ]-cn-ip- -hp-amb ÿm\w A m-lp-hns\ IqSm- ØsX mw hn\m-i-a-s-bp- -Xn\v \n _- n- p- p. Nne-t mƒ sszhw {k mhv F \ma-øns \n _- -Øn kr n-isf D m- p-ibpw a p Nne-t mƒ Xs ]cn-ip- n-bp-tsbpw GI-am-{Xm-hÿ-bp-tSbpw \n _- -Øm Ah-bp-sS-sb mw D sb kwl-cn- p-i-f-bp-ibpw snøp- p. Npcp- - Øn, A in ÿm\w-]n-sn- pi F p ]d- psim v {k mhpw kr nbpw XΩn At\ym\yw IqSn-t -Xmbn Icp-X-s -Sm-Ø-hn-[-Øn-ep ]ca-]-cn-ip- n-bpss ÿm\-øn-te- mwv hnc Nq- p- -Xv. Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ sszhw A in AXmbXv B A p-d-øn-\- p-d-øp (h-dm-d hdm) Hcp \n n-x-ÿm-\øv Xf- n-s-s \ne-bn koan-x-\msw v Fhn-sS-bmWv ]d- n- p- -Xv. A mlp F m-bn-søpw lmp-dp- -h (lm-fn h \mfn ) BsW v hnip- -Jp -B-\n ]e-bn-søpw ]d-bs - n- p- v. Ah-\m-Zy\pw BZy-\m-bn-cn-s -Øs G hpw A y\pw, G hpw {]Xy- \pw G hpw {]Xy- -\m-bn-cn- -Xs G hpw ]tcm- -\p-am-ip- p... CØ-c-Øn At\Iw thsdbpw Bb-Øp- I-fn ASn- -Sn-bmbn ]d- n-cn- p- p, sszhw F m-bn-s-ß-fnepw lmp-dp- -h\pw ImWp- -h-\pam-sw- v. F{X-tØm-f-sa- m Ah-t\mtcm Poht bpw Poh-\m-Wv. sszhw ajv-eq-jn \n pw AYhm kr n-bn \n pw AI-e-Ø F p am{xw {]kvxm-hn- p-sim v Ah Znhy- m-\sø ]d- -h-km-\n- n psh n lnµp- -sf-t mse apkvenw-i-fn kr n-]qp Bcw-`n- p-xp-s-ßp-am-bncp- p. Fs - m Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ sszhhpw kr nbpw XΩn bmsxmcp hnth-n-\-hy-xym-k-hpan- msx t]mip- -Xm-Wv.'' 12. Npcp- -Øn AXp-sIm- mwv Ah ki-e- Øn\pw AXo-Xhpw ]c-a-]-cn-ip- -hp-amb Hcp-b (10) Nivasb aavcn^øv, dqlm\o Jkmbn, hmfyw 23, t] 181. (11) Nivasb aavcn^øv, dqlm\o Jkmbn, hmfyw 23, t] (12) Nivasb aavcn^øv, dqlm\o Jkmbn, hmfyw 23, t] 119, kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 254

34 ÿm\øv AYhm A in BsW pw ]d-b-s - n-cn- p- -sx v kn w. hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(a) as m-cn-søv ]d-bp- p: ""hnip- -Jp -B-\n Hcp-`m-KØv sszhw Xs kr n-i-tfmsv KmV-amb _ -ap- -h-\m-sw pw Ah Hmtcm Pohs bpw Poh-\m-sW pw F m hkvxphpw Ahs B{i-b-Øn-em-sW v hnh-cn- -t mƒ as mcp `mkøv a\p-jy-\p-ambn Ah-\p _ w ap \n Øn Bcpw-Xs thzm- n-iƒ Icp- Xp- -Xp-t]mse a\p-jys\ sszhw Xs -bmbn Icp- Xn- -f-bm-xn-cn- p- -Xn-\v, B ]ng-hn \n v kpc- n-x-\m-bn-cn- p- -Xn\v Ah-s\- m-øn \n pw Db -h\pw kr n-i-fn \n v A p-d-øn- - p-dap ÿm\øv ico-a-øns, kmt -Xn-I-i- -a- \p-k-cn v "A iv' F v ]d-bp ÿm\øv D h-\m-sw pw {]-kvxm-hn- n-cn- p- p. "A iv' kr - h-kvxp-h-, A p-d-øn- - p-dap Hcp ]Zhn (a Ø-_)-bpsS t]cm-ip- p. A mlp a\p-jy-s\- t]mse Ccp- p-d- n- -Xmbn cq]-`m-h\ snøm-hp Hcp knwlm-k-\-a AXv. adn- v, kr n-i-fn \n pw hfsc AI DZm-Ø-X-bp-tSbpw ]cn-ip- n-bp-tsbpw ÿm\-am-ip- p. AXn-\mWv A iv F p ]d-bp- -Xv. hnip- -Jp -B-\n Fgp-X-s - - {]-Imcw sszhw F m-øn-t\mspw kr n-i Xr-Xz- Øns bpw kr n-`m-h-ß-fp-tsbpw _ w ÿm]n- -tijw "A in ' ÿm\-ap-d- n- p. F p-sh- m ki-e-_- -߃ p-tijw A\y-Øn \n v A\yambn \ne-sim- p-ibpw ajveqjpambn (kr- n-ifp-am-bn) "ajveqøv' BImsX AXm-bXv IqSn-t cmsxbncn- p-ibpw snb-vxp. ""Npcp- -Øn, sszhw a\p-jy-t\m-ssm- -am-bncn- p- Xpw F m hkvxp- -tfbpw hebw snbvxncn- p- Xpw sszh-øns kzr-iym-flikpww (Xiv_o-ln kn^øv) BIp- p. hnip- -Jp -B-\n Cu kn^-øn-s\- p-dn v ]d- -Xv, a\p-jy-\p-ambp ASp w ÿm]n- p-im-wn- p-hm-\m-wv. AtXmsSm w sszhw ki-e-kr- n-i-fn \n pw A p-d- Øn- - p-døv ÿnxn-sn-øp- -h\pw F m-øn \n pw AXo-X-\m-bn-cn- p- -h\pw D -X\pw AI- -h\pw kr n-`m-h-ß-fn \n pw Zqc-s - n-cn- p DZm-Ø-X-bp-tSbpw ]c-a-]-cn-ip- n-bp-tsbpw ÿm\- amb A iv F v hnfn- -s -Sp ÿm\-øp- h\pw BsW v ]d- p. B kn^-øns t] "X koln' kn^-øv AXm-bXv ]cn-ip- n-bpss kn^øv F m-ip- p. Cu kn^-øn-s\- p-dn v sszhw Jp -B-\n ]cm-a in- Xv AXp-ap-tJ\ Xs Xulo-Zn-t\bpw "hlvzlq em i-co- -elq' F Ah-ÿ-tbbpw, Xs kø kr n-i-fpss KpW-ß-fn \n pw AXo-X-ambpw ]cn-ip- -ambpw h Øn- p- p- F hkvxp-x-tbbpw ÿm]n- p- -Xn-\p-th- n-bm-ip- p. a p kap-zm-b-߃ A mlp-hns køsb kw_- n- n-s-tømfw H p- In ]cn-ip- n-bpss KpWsØ Ah-ew-_-am- tbm AXm-bXv Ah \n Kp-W-\m-sW v ]d-bp-itbm As - n, Ah kkp-w-\m-sw v ]d- psim v Ahs\ kr n-x-s -sb- -t]mse kzr-iy- \mbn Icp-Xp-I-tbm-bmWv snøp- Xv; Cu c v kn^-øp-i-tfbpw (Kp-W-ß-tf-bpw) kwtbm-pn- n- m-xn-cn- p-ibpw snøp- p. hnip- -Jp -B-\n A mlp Cu c v kn^-øp-i-fp-tsbpw Z -W- Øn Xs apjw ImWn- p-i-bmwv snbvxn p Xv. CXp-X-s -bmwv ]cn-]q Æ-amb XuloZv-'' 13 ho pw ]d-bp p: "A iv' F Xv GsX- nepw `uxn-i-amb Hcp hkvxp-h-. A p-d-øn-\- p-d-ømbn-cn- p Hc-h-ÿ (lm-e-øv)bip- p. AXv A m-lp-hns Hcp kn^øv (Kp-Ww) BIp- p.'' 14 ]ns bpw ]d-bp p: ""DZm-Ø-X-bp-tSbpw (X-\- plv) ]c-a-]-cn-ip- n-bp-tsbpw (X-J-±p- v) ÿm\- Øn-\p t]cmwv "A iv' F -Xv. AXp-sIm- m- WXv Akr- -am-sw v ]d-b-s - n-cn- p- -Xv. Hcp PU-h-kvXp-hm-sW- n A m-lp-hns kr n- I Xr-Xz-Øn \n v ]pd-øm-bn-cn- p- -sx-ßs\? A in-s\- n hnh-cn- -s - n- p- -sx mw Be- mcniw am{x-am-ip- p.''15 A mlp knwlm-k-\-øn D]-hn-jvT-\m-bn-cn- p p F v Jp -B-\n ]d- -Xp-sIm v Ah F m-bn-søpw D -h-\- AYhm k -hym-]n-b- F v h -hcpw Icp-Xp-I-bm-sW- n AXv icnb-. Bb-Øp Ip knsb n hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(-a) hnh-cn- p-x-cp- Xv C{]-Im-c-am-Wv: ""sszh-øns knwlm-k-\-sø- n "hkn-a- Ip knbplp -am-hmøn h -A fn hem bdu- Zlp ln^vfp lpam hlph Aen-bp Afow' (2:286) AXm-bXv sszh-øns knwlm-k\w BImi-`q-an-Iƒ apgp-h\pw Dƒs - p-in-s- p XmsW pw Ah Ah-sb mw Db Øn- n-sn- n-cn- p- psh pw AXv Db Øn- n-sn- -Xp-sIm v Ah Xfcp- n-s pw AXv AXy-[n-I-amb Db-c-Øn-emsW pw AXns ti{µ-h-kvxp-x-bn-temfw Hcp _p n pw IS-s -Øm-\m-hn-s pw AXv hf-scb-[niw hep-xm-sw pw AXns al-xz-øn\v apºn ki-e-h-kvxp- fpw \n m-c-am-sw pw A -am-ip- p. CXmWv knwlm-k-\-sø- p-dn- p hnh-c-ww. CsXm-c-e- mc hm p-am-{x-am-wv. BIm-i-`q-an-Iƒ k hpw sszh-øns {]`m-h- Øn- -[o-\-am-sw pw AXn \n-s mw AI- -\ne-bn AXy- -Z-hn-jvT-amWv Ahs ÿm\sa pw Ahs Hu Xyw Ic-Im-Wm-Ø-Xm-sW pw BWv AXp-ap-tJ\ kqnn- n- m-\p-t±-in- n p -Xv.'' hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(a) C{]-Imcw ]d- (13) Nivasb aavcn^øv, dqlm\o Jkmbn, hmfyw 23, t] 97,98. (14) Nivasb aavcn^, dqlm\o Jkmbn, hmfyw 23, t] 277. (15) Nivasb aavcn^øv, dqlm\o Jkmbn, hmfyw 23, t] 278; (16) Nivasb aavcn^, t] 110. ASn- p-dn- v. 255 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 35

35 bp- p: A m-lp-hns kn^-øp-iƒ c p-x-c-ønem-wv. H v køm-]-cw. (Zm-Øo) c v A\p-_- - ]cw (C-fm-^o) køm-]-c-amb KpW-߃ Ahs GI-am-{XXzw (h-lvzm-\n-b-øv), k - Xzw (C av), ]cn-ip n (X-J-±p-kv) F n-h-t]mse kr n shfn-s -ts Bh-iy-an- m-sxxs Ah-\n ÿnxn-sn-øp KpW-ß-fm-Ip- p. A\p-_- -Kp-W߃ Ahs kr n-i {XXzw ]cn-]m-e-i-xzw, A\p- {K-lw, s]mdp-øp-sim-sp-, `mj-wm-`n-ap-jo-i-c- W-߃ XpS-ßnb KpW-߃t]mse kr n-i-fpss D -h-øn-\p-tijw km m -cn- -s -Sp-Ibpw shfn-s -Sp-Ibpw snøp KpW-ß-fm-Ip- p.'' 17 sszhhpw {]]- hpw XΩn-ep _ w Poh\pw ico-chpw XΩn-ep _ -tømsv kzr-iy-am-wv. ico-c-øn Poh hym]n- p-in-s- p Hmtcm AWp-hnepw Poh {]Xn-`m-kn- p- p-sh- nepw PUhpw Poh\pw hyxykvx kz`m-h-ß-tfm-sp-iq- Sn-b-Xm-Wv. Poh As - n Bflmhv PU-i-co-c- Øn\v AXo-X-ambn, XΩn IqSn- n-cn v InS- msx th Xn-cn- p-xs hym]-cn- p- p. icocw simøn-ap-dn v AXns AWp- ƒ hnt -Zn v th Xn-cn- m Pohs\ Is -Ømtam? Is - Øm Ign- n-s - n Poh Fs m- n-s v kω-xn- -W-sa- mtwm? Poh\pw PUhpw XΩnep _ -a m _ -sø- mfpw kq vahpw hnh-c-wm-xo-x-hp-amb Hcp _ -amwv sszhhpw {]]- hpw XΩn AYhm {k mhpw kr nbpw XΩn-ep- Xv F n-cns sszhw k -hym-]n-bmsw- n Hmtcm ]Zm -k-aq-l-ønepw sszh-aps v hcnt F v tnmzn- p- -Xn\v F mw w! hmkvzø alvzn ako-lv(-a) C{]-Imcw ]d-bp p: ""bym hkvxp-x-bn-xm-wv. ]cn-ip- -\mb sszh- Øn\v Ahs kr n-pm-e-ßfpw {]]- -k-i-eßfpw XΩn-ep _ w ico-c-øn\v Poh-\p-ambp _ -tømsv kzr-i-am-wv. ico-c-ønse kie-\m-un-ifpw Bflm-hns C -Iƒ v hnt[-b-ambn-cn- p- p. Bflmhv Ip\n-bp-tºmƒ AXpw Ip\nbp-am-dm-Ip- p. CtX _ -amwv sszhhpw Ahs kr n-pm-e-ßfpw XΩn-ep- -Xv.'' 18 kq^n-iƒ a\p-jy-i-co-csø "kq va-{]-] w' (Epitome of the World) F v hnfn- n- p- Xv Cu \nebv m-wv. ico-c-øn Bflmhv hym]n- p-in-s- p p F v ]d-bp-tºmƒ ico-csø Awio-I-cn p Pohs\ Xncbp- -Xp-t]m-se-bmWv sszhw k -hym-]n-bmsw v ]d-bp-tºmƒ {]]- -Ønse ]Zm -k-aql-ß-tfbpw kq va-i-w-ß-tfbpw hn`-pn- pt\m n Hmtcm kq va-i-w-ønepw sszh-ap-t m- F v Xnc- p-t\m- p-ibpw AhnsS sszhsø ImWm v Ah-s\-hnsSsb v A m-fn- p-ibpw snøp- Xv! sszhw k -hym-]n-bm-sw- n {]]- w-xs sszh-am-sw v ]d- p-iqss F v Ipbp- n-hmzw ]pd-s -Sp-hn- p- Xv Cu bp ym- `m-k-øn\p ap n Nn -I Na- p-\n-ev p- Xpw ]cn-lm-ky-am-bn-cn- p- p! {]] w Xs sszh-am-sw v ]d-bm-sa- n icocw Xs -bmwv Poh F pw ]d- p-iqts? sszhw k -hym-]n-bm-sw- n Ah AhnsS-bpt m, Chn-sS-bp-t m, snfn-bn-ep-t m, sn ma-c-bn-ep-t m, A n-bn-ep-t m, Ata- y-øn-ept m Fs ms tnmzn- p- Xpw Nn m-]-c-amb ]m cøw sim m-wv. AØcw tnmzy-߃ Akw-_- -ß-fm-Wv. sszhw k -i- -\m-sw- n sszhsø-t msemcp sszhsø sszh-øn\v kr n- m- \m-hptam! sszhsø kwl-cn- m Ign-bptam? Fs ms tnmzn- p- Xpw hnuvvn-tnm-zy-߃ am{x-am-wv. sszhw F m-bn-s-øp-ap-s v XmØzn- I-ambn AwKo-I-cn- p-i-gn- m `mh-\m-]-c-amb hnuvvn-tnm-zy-߃ _p n- m-cn \n v ]pd-s -Sp-Ibn-.- A-Øcw tnmzy- m-cpss apºn Ah-cpsS "A]m-c- m\w' AwKo-I-cn- p-sim-sp-øp-sim v ]n m-dp-hm-\mwv hnip- -Jp -B \n t±-in- n- p- Xv: ""hnh-cw-si- -h h -Sp- p-tºmƒ Ah AXm-bXv kxy-hn-izm-kn-iƒ kemw ]d v Hgn- p-amdpw'' F v! (25:64) Ckvem-an Cc- -ssz-h-sø- p-dn- p k -ev]- an-. skmtdm-ã ]Tn- n- -X-s - nepw akvzbm-kn- \nk-øn c v sszh-ap- v. \ -Xn-t\bpw NoØtbbpw \ -tbbpw Xn -tbbpw kpk- -tøbpw Zp K- -tøbpw sht sd kr n c v sszh߃ "Alq-d-a-kvZ'bpw (Ahura Mazda) A vd-a- \yphpw (Angra Manyu) \ -X- m-ø-sxm pw Xn bm-bn- p- -sxm pw "Alp-d-akvZ' kr n- -X-s - - XmWv skmtdm-ã ax-ønse Z i-\w. Ckvem-anse sszhw ]t, ki-e-øn-t bpw {k mhv "Jmen q Ip n-i-øn ' BWv. sshhn-[y-kp-µ-chpw sshcp- y-_- p-c-hp-amwv {]]- w. Cu sshhn-[y-ßfpw sshcp- y-ß-fp-sa mw sszhn-i-amb Hcp Bkq-{X- W-Øns (Divine Plan)`mK-am-Ip p. Cu sshcp- ymfli {]]- -Øn AZr-iy-\mb sszhsø Is -Ø-emWv a\p-jy-po-hn-x-e- yw. ""Hfn ph h \n[n AXn-\p-Xp-ey-an-ßtlm hkn p sszh-sa-ßpta J\n- -h p I nsm-w'' 19. F n-ßs\ Alva-Zn-I-fpsS alm-ihn F v. lpssk kmln_v ]msn-b-xv AXm-Wv. ki-e-ønt bpw {k m-hmb GI\pw GI-am-{X\pw k hym-]n-bp-amb A mlp Xs -bmwv G hpw henb-h! (17) Nivasb aavcn^, t] 184. (18) Xukosb admw lkvdøv Alva-Zv(-A), t]pv 73, dqlm\o Jkmbn, hmfyw 3, `mkw 89. (19) "kxy-zq-x ' 10- mw ]pkvx-iw. 36 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 256

36 Adn-bn v C s\ v {]tbm-p-\-s -Sp-Øp- -Xn-\mbn {]kn-u p-amcpw Aao amcpw Ah-c-h-cpsS Cusabn hnemkw F{Xbpw thkw Ab p-x-cn-i. \mkn AAv-em-bpsS Cusa-bn. uliaqadian@yahoo.com \mkn AAvem, JmZn-bm Xnc-s Sp v apvenkv A km-dp- m-bpss 2006 P\p-hcn apx 2007 Unkw-_ h-sc-bp c p-h jtø v kbo-ans\ Xnc-s -SpØv, Pam-AØv kzv /Aao dnt m v apvenkv A km-dp- mlv ti{µ-hm-^okv, JmZn-bm-\n-te v Ab- p-hm Xmev]-cy-s -Sp- p. kzv, AJn-te ym apvenkv A kmdp- mlv AJn-te ym kzv Xnc-s Sp v 2005 P km kmem\ Ahk-c-Øn kwl- Sn- n- p apvensk iqdm-bn sh v epv\ Cam-bn- m-bpss AJn-te ym kzvdns\ Xnc-s -Sp- p- - Xm-Wv. Xnc-s -Sp- -s {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmWv kzvdns\ Xnc-s -Sp- p- -Xv. epv\m Cam-bn- mbpss Hmtcm {]mtz-ini LS-Ihpw Xß-fpsS apvenkp-i-fn tbmkw tn v {]Xn-\n-[n-Isf Xnc-s - Sp- p-i. Xnc-s -Sp- -s {]Xn-\n-[n-bpsS t]cv hnhcw \hw-_ 25- -\p- n ti{µ Hm^o-kn Adn-bn- p-i. _pivd]mim, AJn-te ym kzv, epv\ Cam-bn- mlv AwKo-Imcw 2006 P\p-hcn apx 2007 Unkw-_ 31 hscbp 2 h j-tø v auem\m ap\o AlvaZv kmln_v JmZn-ans\ køn-zp\m lkvdøv Jeo-^- Øp akolv Jmankv Aø-Z-lp- mlv apvenkv A km-dp- m-bpss AJn-te ym kzvdmbn AwKo- I-cn- n-cn- p- p. P\m_v Jmcn \hm_v AlvaZv kmln-_mwv \mbn_v kzv k^vs^ tzmw \mkn AAvem kzv A p-a Alva-Zn-øm, JmZn-bm a bw imzn-^ v køn-zp\m Jeo-^-Øp akolv dm_nav(dlv) 2003 ^n{_-hcn 28- \v snbvx PpapA JpXz-v_- bn ]d p: ""Cu ^ n\v a bw imzn-^ v' F v t]cp-sh- p-i-bm-wv. CsXm-cn- epw \ne- pt]m-ip-i-bn-s v Icp-Xp- p. Zcn-{Z-cmb s] Ip- n-isf Ft mgpw A -t m-sp-iqsn hnhmlw Ign- -b- m Cu ^ n \n v klm-bn- p- -Xm-Wv.'' lpkq-dns Cu ] -Xn-bn Pam-A-Ønse ktlm-z-c-߃ Ign-hn-\-\p-k-cn v ]s -Sp-t - -Xm- Wv. Xß-fp-tStbm Xß-fpsS Ip n-i-fp-sstbm hnhml-߃ \S- p Ah-k-c-ß-fn Cu ^ nte pw kw`m-h\ sntø- -Xm-Wv. A lcpw \n - lm-bcpw bxow-i-fp-amb s] Ip- n-isf A -t m- Sp-IqSn hnhmlw snbvx-b- m CXv D]-I-cn- p- -Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm v A m-lp-hn\v ipiv F \ne-bn Cu ^ n A[n-I-a-[n-I-ambn ]s -Sp- m {ian- p-i. Pkm- p-ap- mlv ZpB- -t] \nc-]-cm-[n-ifpw a ±n-x-cp-ambn ]m n-ÿm- \nse Ccp-º-gn- p- n Ign-bp Alva-Zok-tlm- Z-c-ß-fpsS tamn-\-øn-\mbn F m ktlm-z-c-ßfpw lrz-bw-s\m v {]m n- m At]- n- p- p. A mlp Ahsc F{Xbpw thkw BZ-c-thm-Spw, am\y-x-tbm-spw-iqsn tamnn- n- p-am-dm-i-s. A m-lp- Ω- C m \Pv-A-ep ^o \plq-cnlow h \-Du- Zp_n an ipdq-cn-lnw. tlmantbm tumœ am {i n- pi Cu h jw P km kmem-\-bn kønzp\m lkvdøv Jeo-^-Øp akolv ]s -Sp- p-sa v {]Xo- n- p- p. AXp-sIm v C y-bn \n pw hntz-i-øp-\n pw ]Xn-\m-bn-c- -W- n\v AXn-Yn- Iƒ hs -Øp-sa v Icp-Xp- p. Cub-h-k-c-Øn tkh\w snøm B{K-ln- p tumœ am AhcpsS t]cp-hn-hcw Adn-bn- m A`y n- p- p. tumœ kønzv kcuz-lvazv, C Nm Pv tlman-tbm- Unkv] k-dn, JmZn-bm t]pv 38- \n v (1) ac-w-s hy n {][m-\-s Bfm-bn-cn- - Ww. ti{µ-øn \n v P\mkm Kmbn_v \nkvi-cn- m \n t±-i-ap- m-i-ww. (2) ac-w-s hy n-bpss ÿeøv P\mk \nkv-i-cn- m Bcp-an- m-xn-cn- p-itbm As - n Fs - nepw Imc-W-Øm P\mk \nkvi-cn- -h FÆ-Øn Ipd- p-t]m-ip-itbm CXns ASnÿm-\-Øn Xt±-i-P-am-A-Øv sfi-i-wvtty\ P\mk Kmbn_v \nkvi-cn- m Xocp-am-\n- p-itbm snøww. (3) Ime-Øns Camw Fs - nepw {]txyi Imc-W-Øm GsX- nepw ]tc-xs P\mk Kmbn_v \nkvi-cn-t - Xv DNn-X-ambn Icp-Xp-Itbm As - n AXn\v \n t±-iw \evip-itbm thww. (^njx Alva-Zn-øm, t]pv 251) kxy-an-{x-sø- p-dn- p \nß-fpss hne-tb-dnb A`n-{]mb-߃ Rßsf Fgp-Xn-b-dn-bn- p-i. hcn-kwjy AS- p-xo m-\p- -h F{Xbpw thkw AS- p-xo p-i. amt\-p, kxy-an{xw 257 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 37

37 ^njvlv P\mkm Kmbn-_v (-a-ønøv ap n-en- m-sx) \nkvimcw GsX nepw Bcm-[\ A\p-jvTn- m ico- AØv]c-amb {]am-w-øns H n-e-[niw tcj- Iƒ \n _- -an-. axhpw Bcm-[-\-bp-ambn _ - s Fs - nepw {]hrøn \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n Hcn -se- nepw snbvxn- p-s v ÿm]n-x-am-ip- Ibpw Ime-Øns Camw B {]am-w-øns ASnÿ-m-\-Øn ax-]-c-amb B {]h- Ønsb \S- n hcp-øp-ibpw AXv CS-ap-dn-bmsX IrXy-ambn apt m p sim p-t]m-ip-ibpw snbvxm B I Ω-coXn ico-a-øp-]-c-amb \nb-ahpw I Ω-]-camb N hpw A\p-k-cn- p-x-s -bm-bn-cn- pw. Cu \nb-a-øns ASn-ÿm-\-Øn Alva-Znøm apkvenw Pam-AØv P\mkm \nkvimcw Kmbn_v \nkvi-cn- p- -Xn hniz-kn- p- -h-cm-wv. \_n (k) Xncp-ta\n l_vi-bnse cmpm-hm-bn-cp \ min- p-th n (A-t±lw apkven-am-bn-cp- p) P\mk Kmbn_v \nkvi-cn- -Xmbn sxfn-hp-i-fp- v. \ mi-bpss aønøv s]mxp-\n-b-a-a-\p-k-cn v _mly-amb \ne-bn \_n(-k)-xn-cp-ta-\n-bpss ap n D mbn-cp- n-. apkv\zv Alva-Zns \nth-z\w \_n (k)-xn-cp-ta\n \ m-in- acn- -hn-hcw Xs klm-_-øn-t\msv ]d- p. At±-l-Øns ]m]- s m-dp-xn- mbn ZpB Cc- m\pw Bh-iy-s - p. ]n osv Ahn-S v Xs klm-_-øn-t\m-ssm w aønøv \nkvi-cn- p ÿe-sø-øn. AXn-\ptijw (a-ønøv ap n sh v P\mk \nkvi-cn- p- -Xp-t]mse) Ahn-S v \nkvi-cn- p. Xn an-znbpw Cu hnjbw \nth-z\w snbvxn- p- v. At±lw Fgp-Xp p: as mcp \nth-z-\-øn h n-cn- p p DΩp-kAvZv ac-w-s - p. \_n (k) Xncp-ta-\n ÿe-øn- m-bn-cp- p. Hcp-amkw Ign v \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n as-ßn-h- p. Ahn-S v ac-w-hn-hcw Adn- -t mƒ Ah-cpsS P\mk \nkvi-cn- n- p. (Xn an- Zn, _m_p- z-em-øv) lzo-kp-i-fpss kam-lm-c-amb Iiv^p KpΩ F {]kn {KŸ-Øn ]d-bp p: azo-\-bn \n v Zqc-Øp ÿeøv ac-w-s hy n-bpss P\m-kbpw \_n(-k) \nkvi-cn- n-cp- p. Cu hnjbw knlm-lp- nøbnse lzo-kp-ifn [mcm-f-am-bn v {]Xn-]m-Zn- p-im-wmw. CXns ASn-ÿm-\-Øn \bn-ep Ahv-Xzm F {KŸ- Øns I Ømhv Fgp-Xp p hniz-{]-kn I Ω-imkv{X ]fin-x-cmb lkvdøv Camw im^n (d-lv)bpw lkvdøv Camw Alva-Zv_n lº-epw(d-lv) Ign- p-i-s an alm-flm- fpw P\mk Kmbn_v \nkvimcw AwKo- I-cn- p- -h-cm-bn-cp- p. lzo-kp-]-fin-x-\mb C_v\p lkw ]d-bp p: GsX- nepw Hcp klm_n P\mk Kmbn_v \nkvimcw hne- n-b-xm-bn v ImWp- n-. Camw im^n(-d-lv) ]d-bm-dp- m-bn-cp- p. ""P\mk \nkvimcw Hcp ZpB-bmWv. At mƒ ap n-en- mø aøn-øn-\p-th n F p-sim v Cu ZpB A\p-h- Z-\o-b-amIp n-. lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a) ]dbp p: ""P\mk \nkvim-c-øn ]s -Sp- m km[n- msx h m kz w \ne-bn ZpB snøp- Itbm P\mk Kmbn_v \nkvi-cn- p-itbm snøp- I.'' (_-Zv, 1907, sabv 19) C m-cy-øn Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns s]mxp-sh-bp AwKo-Ir-X-{]-h Ø-\-coXn Xmsg ]d-bpw-hn-[-am-wv. 37- mw t]pn 38 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 258

38 taje Aao-dns {]h Ø\w Alva-Znøm Pam-AØv P Ω-\n-bp-sS- tziob apvensk Ban-e-tbm-sSm- w lpkq-dns ao nwkv \v XpS-ßn. lpkq A-ø-Z-lp- mlv ZpBbv v t\xrxzw \evin. Pam-A-Øp-I-fn \n pw e`n- p amk-t m-dp-ap dnt m p-isf kw_- n v lpkq P\-d sk{i- -dn-tbmsp tnmzn- p. At mƒ P\- d sk{i- dn ]d p: taje Aao am Ah-c-hcpsS taj-ebn-se Pam-A-Øp-I-fpsS dnt m p-iƒ tij-cn v Ab- m-dp- v. CXp-tI- -t mƒ lpkq ]d p: dnt m p- Iƒ tij-cn- -pib tajem Aao am-cpss tpmen. Ah-cpsS tpmen Pam-A-Øns\ kpoh (active) am pi F -Xm-Wv. tajem Aao am tziob Aao-dns {]Xn-\n-[n-sb \ne-bn-ep ta t\m- mcm-wv. tziobaao-dnt bpw Pam-A-Øp- IfptSbp-an-S-bn-ep (dn-t m v) _ -a-. lpkq \n t±iw \evin: tziob apvensk Bane Cuc- p-amkw IqSp-tºmƒ Xß-fpsS ao nw- Kn \nkvim-c-ß-fpss \ne-hnep ÿnxn hni- I-e\w snøp-i. AP- -bn {]txy-i-amb \nebn AXpƒs m- n- p-i. {]mtz-in-i-x-e-ønepw F m Pam-A-Øp-I-fnepw apvensk Ban-e-Iƒ \nkvim-c-sø- p-dn v Btem-Nn- p-i. icn-bmb\nebn-ep ^ew ImWp- n-s - n, F mwv AXn- \p Imc-W-ßsf v At\z-jn- p-i. \nkvim-ca\p-jvtn- m-xn-cn- p {]h-wx GXp-hn-`m-K-am-fp- I-fn-em-sW v t\m p-i. C -bmƒ Cam-ambXpsIm v \nkvi-cn- m-xn-cn- m Imc-W-am-Imdp- v. AXmWv Imc-W-sa- n apd- -nam AXnte v s]s v {i n-t - -Xm-Wv; DSs\ ]cn-l-cnt - Xm-Wv. lpkq ]d p: GtX-sX mw sk -dp-i-fnemwv \nkvim-c-ß-fn t]mcm-bva-bp- -sx- pw, As - n aptº ] n-bn h n-cp- -h Ct mƒ F p-sim v hcp- n- m-sb pw Btem-Nn-t - - Xm-Wv. Ah-cpsS Ip n-iƒ ] n-bn hcm-ø-xns Imc-W-sa- mwv? F n v AXn\v ]cn-lmcw ImWm \S-]Sn kzoi-cn- -Ww. BZysØ ]cn-lmc-\-s-]-sn-iƒ hnp-bn- p- n-s - n Fßs\ ]cnl-cn- m-sa v ho pw Btem-Nn- p-i. XpS v lpkq ]d p: taje Aao-dns {]hr-øn, tziob Aao Fs - nepw At±-l-tØmSp ]d- m AX-\p-k-cn v {]h Øn- p-ibpw Fs - nepw Imcyw I m Adn-bn- p-ibpw snøpi F- Xm-Wv. epv\ AwK-ßsf Wn mw lpkq A h \n t±iw \evin-s m p ]d p: Pam-A-Øns Hmtcm-am-khpw \S- p ao nw-kp-i-fn epv\ AwK-߃ ]s -Sp-t - Xv 259 \n _- -a-. Ah Ah-cpsS amk-ao- nw-kp-iƒ \S- Øm-dp- v. {]txy-i-amb Ah-k-c-ß-fn, AXm-bXv hm jni ktω-f-\w, busa akolv auduzv, busa apkvenlv auduzv, busa Jnem-^Øv kod- Øp-\_n tbmkw XpS-ßnbhbn epv\ AwK-ßfpw ]-s -Sp- -Ww. CXp-Iq-SmsX {]txy-i-amb at -sx- nepw Ah-kcw D m-ip-i-bm-sw- n, ti{µ-{]xn- \n-[n-i-tfm, tziob Aao-tdm, As - n ap_- nkv C Nm tpm hcn-i-bm-sw n epv\m AwK-ßsf ao nw-kp-i-fn-te v Wn- m-hp- -Xm-Wv. NµBw lpkq A h Aø-Z-lp- m-lv, _Pv n h n-cn p Ipdhv ]cn-l-cn- m sk{i- dn ament\msv \n t±-in- p. NµBw \n _- -N-µ-bm-Wv. AXv \qdp-i-x-am-\hpw ]ncn-s -Sp-t XmWv. NµBw ]q ÆtXmtXm-Sp-IqSn ]ncn-s -Sp- p-i. IqSp-X XpI h m ] n-\n ΩmW^ n tn p-i. \qdp ] n-\n Ωn- p- -Xn-\p snehn-te- mbn hnlnxw hmßm ]msn-s v Hcn- SØpw Fgp-Xo- n-. P Ω\nAao kmln-_n-t\msp ]d p: \qdp-] n \n Ωn- p- -Xn-\p- Nµ-Iƒ ]ncn-s -Sp- p- -Xn\v t]mji kwl-s-\-i-fpss IΩn- n-iƒ cq]o-icn p-i. F m kzv amcpw IΩn nbnse AwK-ß-fm-bn-cn- -Ww. t]mj-i-kw-l-s-\-iƒ ] n-\n Ωm-W-Øn-\p Nµ-Iƒ hkq snøptºmƒ, NµBw simsp-øn pt m F v A kmdnt\mspw Jp±m-an-t\mSpw tnmzn- p-i. Nµ-B-an IpSn-»n-I-bps n Jp±mw- -A km-dp-iƒ v AhcpsS IpSn-»n-I- ]d-bm Ign-bpw. ] n-\n Ωm-W-Øn\v \evip Nµbv v ckoxp apdn- p-tºmƒ NµBw IpSn-»n-I-bp-s - n ] n\n Ωm-W-Øn-\p Nµ, Nµ-B-an Dƒs -Sp-ØtWm F v cko-xn tcjs -Sp-Øp-I. NµBw txmx-\p-k-cn v simsp- p- n-s - n Ah-cn \n v Hcp ] -Xn-bn-te pw Nµ hmß-cp-xv. lpkq \mj-w sk{i- -dn-am-en-t\msp ]d p: ] -n\n ΩmW ^ n-te- p Nµ ]ncnhv Nµ-B-ans\ _m[n- p-i-bm-sw- n, Xm -fpss sk{i- -dn-am DSs\ Xm sf -A-X-dn-bn- pw-hn[w Xm ƒ Ahsc kpoh-am- n-sb-sp-t - -Xm-Wv. ] n- p-th n Nµ simsp- p-i-bm-sw v Bfp- Iƒ ]d- m Xm ƒ Aao kmln-_p-ambn Btem-Nn- -Xn-\p-tijw AØ-c- m-cpss Nµ ] n- \n ΩmW ^ n-tem, Nµ-B-antem tn p-i. Nµ- B-an Ipd-hp-h- m AXv am sk{i- -dn-am-cpss hogvn-bm-wv. XJvhsb ap n I- p-sim v Bg- Øn s v Imcy-߃ t\m p-i. am sk-{i- -dnam- XßfpsS hyh-ÿn-xnsb kpo-h-am- p-i-bmsw- n Cu hogvn D m-ip-i-bn k]vxw-_ 4. _Zv, ipam-c\º 46,-t]- 16 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 39

39 taje X _n-øøv tbmkw apvenkv A km-dp- mlv IÆq taj-ebpss t\xr-xz-øn i\n-bmgvn sship-t cw 5 awn v taj-e-bnse AwK-ßsf ]s -Sp- n- p-sim v X _n-øøv tbmkw kwl-sn- n- p. tajem Aao P\m_v F. Ip -lvazv kmln-_ns A[y- -X-bn tn -tbmkw auehn si.-ssh. iwkp-±o kmln-_n(a- - q )s Jp -B ]mcm-b-w-tømss Bcw-`n- p. auehn i^ojv AlvaZv kmln-_v (-IÆq kn n) lkvdøv akolv audu-zv(-a)s Jko-Zbnse GXm\pw hcn-iƒ Be-]n- p. IÆq Su Pam-AØv {]kn-u v P\m_v _n A p- emw kmln_v Biw-kIƒ t\ p. auehn apl-ωzv Ckvam-bo F v.-f, auehn si. alvaqzv F v.f (tim-b-º-øq ) F n-h bym-{iaw lkvdøv Alva-Zv(-A)\v \_n (k) "Xncp-ta-\n-tbm-Sp kvt\lw', "Jnem-^Øv hyhÿn-xnbpw A\p-k-c-Whpw' F o hnj-bsø A[n-I-cn v kwkm-cn- p. \nimzv Akokv D Zp- ]Zyw Be-]n- p. IÆq Su apvenkv A km-dp- mlv kcuw A p Akokv kmln_v kzmkxw ]d- p. taj-e-bnse kv{xoifpw bphm- fpw Ip n-ifpas w ap q-dn-tesd t] ]s -Sp-Øp. auehn apl-ωzv ico^v F v.f (I-S-em-bn) auehn Sn.-Fw. aplωzv F v.f. (]-g-b-ßm-sn) auehn A p- emw(iq-sm-fn) XpS-ßn-b-h k n-ln-x-cm-bn-cp- p. kq_mbn Aao køn-zp\m Aao-dp apa-van-\o Jeo-^-Øp akolv Jman-kv(-A-ø-Z-lp) api dw aplωzv ico^v Bew kmln-_ns\ _olm kwÿm\ Aao-dmbpw api dw apl-ω-zv i^od mlv kmln- _ns\ I Wm-SI kwÿm\ Aao-dmbpw \nb-an- n-cn- p- p sabv apx 2008 Pq h-scbmwv Ch-cpsS Imem-h-[n. A mlp Chsc A\p-{K-ln- p-am-dm-i-s. IqSp-X IqSp-X Zo\n\v tkh\w snøm Ch v Xu^oJv \evip-am-dm-i-s. (\mkn AA-vem) Jm-Zn-bm hm jni ktω-f\w 2005 Unkw-_ 26,27,28 Xnø-Xn-I-fn P k-bn ]s -Sp- p- -h Xmsg ]d-bp Imcy-߃ {]txyiw {i n- pi P k-bn Cu h jw Adp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-Øn-e-[n-I-am-fp-Iƒ ]s -Sp- p-sa- mwv Icp-Xp- -Xv. AXp-sIm v Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Ah v Bh-iy-ap NqSp-h-kv{X-ßfpw ]px pw sim p-h-tc- -Xm-Wv. {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ v Xma-kn- m JmZn-bm-\nse ]cn-an-x-amb si n-s-߃ axn-bm-im-ø-xn-\m kao-]-øp timtf-pp-ifpw kviqfp-ifpw e`y-am- m {ian- p- p- v. F nepw ]Ip-Xn-bntesdt cpw ss p-i-fn Xma-kn-t - n-h-cpw. IpSpw-_-k-taXw hcp- -h v Xma-kn- m {]txyi apdn-iƒ A\p-h-Zn- m ] p-i-bn-. Jeo-^-Øp ako-lns\ apem-jmøv snø-w-sa- m-{k-ln- p- -h tkmw -A-ao aptj\ ap Iq n t]cv \ ti- -Xm-Wv. {Kq p-i-fm-bmwv IqSn- mgvn A\p-h-Zn- p-i. hy n-kx IqSn- mgvn A\p-h-Zn- p- X. apºv IqSn- mgvn \S-ØmØ hmjv^os\knµ-kn-am v am{xsa hy n-kx IqSn- m-gvn v Ah-k-c-ap- m-iq. ssht mepw ]mbbpw hncn ssaxm-\-ømwv P k \S- p- -Xv. P km-km-ln \ne-øn-cn- m _p n-ap- p- -h pw Db -`m-c-hm-ln-iƒ pw am{xta Itkc Iƒ A\p-h-Zn- q. Itk-c-bn Ccn-t - -h ap Iq n \mkn Ckvemtlm C im-zn\v Aao / {]kn-u v aptj\ hnhcw Adn-bn- -Ww. ktω-f-\-øn ]s -Sp- p kv{xoi-fpss t]cp-hn-h-c-߃ epv\ Cam-C- mlv AJn-te ym kzvdn\v DS Xs Hmtcm epv\ {]nk-u pw Ab- p-sim-sp-t XmWv. P k-bn D m-tb- m-hp F m-hn[ {]bm-k-ß-fnepw _p n-ap- p-i-fnepw ]cn]q Æambpw kl-i-cn- -W-sa pw P k-bpss hnp-b-øn\v th n ZpB snø-w-sa pw A`y n- p- p. \mkn -A-Avem NB: tic-f-øn \n phcp epv\ Cam-bn- mlv {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ v kdmsb Xmln _n UnwKn-epw ]pcp-j- m v \q tlmkv]n- _n Unw-KnepamWv Xma-k-ku-Icyw G s -Sp-Øn-bn- p- -sx v Hm^o-k P km-km-em\ Adn-bn- p p. 40 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 260

40 h j-ß-fn "_Zv ' ]{X-Øn {]kn- o-i-cn tic-f-øn \n v hkn-øøv snbvx-h-cpss t]cpw ]nxm-hns t]cpw ÿehpw hkn-øøv snbvx Xnø-Xnbpw _Zv ]{X-Øns e \ºdpw Xmsg tn p p iaod Aivd^v w/o si.f. Aivd^v ] p-cpøn si.-ssh. iwk-p±o s/o si.-fw. bqkp^v Imht»cn ]n.-si. A p a-pozv s/o da-km IS-embn kn.-hn. A p-dlow s/o amapt mb IS-embn hn.]n.- \^ok w/o si. apl-ωzv ico^v IS-embn (40,41) kn.-hn. ap_-»nd w/o Fkv. AIv-_- timgn-t msv Fkv. AIv_ s/o F.-F. imlp l-aozv timgn-t msv Sn.-ap-l-ΩZv D mbn s/o Sn. apl-ωzv apdn-b- Æn si.-a-dnbw w/o Fw.-sI. sslz (-a lqw) aæm-d- msv Sn.-Fw. k o\ w/o Sn. Ip oxv apdn-b- Æn Sn. Ip oxv amã s/o Sn. timbæn apdn-b- Æn ssh. ^møna w/o kn.-si. _io hmwnbºew kn.-si. ^møna w/o Fw.-sI. _io hmwnbºew (42) ]n.-fw. apl-ωzv diozv s/o ]n. aplωzv tne- c Fw. ido\ w/o il hmkv hmwnbºew kn.-si.fw.a p K^q s/o kn.-si. Aehn hmwnbºew Fw. ap_m-d w/o kn.-si.fw.a p K-^q hmwnbºew Fw.-sI. ssk\_v w/o kn.si. aplωzv k^-dp hmwnbºew (43) kn.-f v. \Ko\ w/o apk^v^ AlvaZv IÆq kn n Sn. k^n-bm_n w/o hn.si. alvaqzv lmpn IÆq kn n Sn. _io AlvaZv s/o si.si. Ip pamen IÆq kn n kn. \^o-k w/o kn. A_vZp kmln_v Ae-s\ q ]n.si. AlvaZv Ip n s/o aplωzv apkvenbm Ae-s\ q (45) hn.si. ap\o s/o hn.-si. lk Icp-fmbn si.sn. lwk s/o hn. aplωzv Nmh- msv kn.pn. ico^v s/o kn.-]n. Ip n-t mb Ih-dØn kn. Jbvdp- nk w/o kn.-pn. ico^v Ih-dØn (46) (_Zv ]{X-Øns e w \º-dmWv Ah-km\w simsp-øn-cn- p- Xv. hknøøv AwKo-I-cn- p- -Xn\p aptº CXv ]{X-ß-fn {]kn- o-i-cn- p- Xv Fs - nepw Bt -]-ap-s - n AXv ti{µ-øn Adn-bn v Xncp-Øm th n-bm-wv. AXn-\m hknøøv snbvx aqkn-am Xß-fpsS hknøøv {]kn- o-i-cn- n- p _Zv ]{Xw t\m n X߃ Fgp-Xn-s m-spø tcj-iƒ icn-bmtwm F v ]cn-tim-[n- p- I. Fs - nepw \o m-t\m tn mt\m Ds n sk{i- dn _nlnivxn ajv_-dsb Adn-bn- p-i.) hkn-øøv snbvx-h {i n- pi hkn-øøv t^md-øn \n߃ tcj-s -Sp-Øn-bn- p kzøv hnhc IW- p-iƒ _Zv ]{X- Øn {]kn- o-i-cn- n- p- v. _Zvdn {]kn- o-i-cn- n- p IW- n Fs - nepw hyxymkaps - n B hnhcw ti{µ-øn Adn-bn-t - -Xm-Wv. \n߃ FgpXn tcj-s -Sp-Øn-bn- p kzøns hne km[p-hm-ip- Xv ti{µw AwKo-I-cn- p-tºm-gm-wv. AXn-\mbn kzøns hne \n Æ-bn- -W-sa- m-h-iy-s v sk{i- dn _nlnivxn ajv_d, JmZn-bm F hnem-k-øn {]txyiw At] \evti- -Xm-Wv. \nß-fpss At] In n- -gn- m \nß-fpss Pam-A- Ønse {]kn-u ns\ AXn-\mbn ti{µw \ntbm-kn- pw. Ah km y-s -Sp-Øp XpI-bm-bncn pw \n߃ simsp-t - n-h-cn-i. Ct mƒxs Cu \S-]Sn kzoi-cn- m ]e _p n-ap- p- Ifpw Hgn-hm- m km[n- p- -Xm-Wv. 261 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 41

41 AlvaZ- nø apkvenw C ^ ta-j sk Xncp-hn-gmw-Ip v, ]me- msv Pn apvenkv A km-dp- mlv kwÿm\ kanxn AwK-߃ AJn-te ym kz auem\m ap\o - A-lvaZv JmZn-an-t\m-sSm w IÆq Su - I - q-smfn apven-knse AlvaZo bphm- ƒ {]Xym-i`- h - \ - nse At -hm-kn-iƒs m w s]cp- m-fns kt m-jm-hk - c - Ø - n 42 kxy-an{xw 2005 Unkw-_ 262