tnemi Ωw A\nkvemanIw tni q auehnbpss Jp B\nI Z i\߃ `mkw 11 tum: A_vZp Peo ]ps msv.

Transcription

1 tnemi Ωw A\nkvemanIw tni q auehnbpss Jp B\nI Z i\߃ `mkw 11 tum: A_vZp Peo ]ps msv.

2 D -S w tnem-i Ω-Ønse axhpw imkv{xhpw... 8 tnem-i Ωw A w Ncn{Xw...10 tnem-i Ωw kao-]-im-e-n-cn{xw tnem-i Ω-Øn ]Xn-bn-cn- p A]-I-S-߃...23 "tnem-i Ωw A\n-kvem-anIw' F -Xns Jp -B-\nI sxfn-hp-iƒ tnem-i Ωw Jp -B hncp w F -Xn\p {]_-e-amb Nne-sX-fn-hp-IƒIqSn...39 "Ckvemw' F m Atd-_y kwkvim-c-a-...! kp -Ømb F m Bcm-[-\-Ifpw Jp -B hncp w..!...52 tnem-i Ωw A\n- m-aniw F -Xns G hpw i -amb Hcp Jp -B-\nI sxfn-hv...!...52

3 apj-hpc CHELAKARMAM ANISLAMIKAM (Language Malayalam) Ist Edition : October 2006 Copy : 2000 Author : Dr. M. Abdul Jaleel, Puttekkad Address : Edakkayil House Puttekkad, Feroke Kerala Price Rs. : Publishers : Khur-an Sunnath Society K.S.S. Office, Market Road, Feroke, Calicut, Kerala, India tnem-i Ωw A\n-kvem-anIw tum: Fw. A_vZp Peo ]ps - msv Hcp "Jp -B kp -Øp-skm-ssk n' {]kn- o-i-cww tni- q aue-hn-bpss BI-kvan-I-amb A yw Rßsf h msx thz-\n- n- p-ibpw Aº-c- n- p-ibpw snbvxn-cp- p. B Aº-c pw thz-\bpw \my-\n- mø Ah-ÿbpw GXm\pw amk-ß-tfmfw \o p- \n p-ibpw snbvxp F Xpw Hcp hkvxp-x-bm-wv. F nepw Zo L- Zr-jvSn-tbmsS At±lw cnn {KŸ-߃ R߃ p hfsc klm-b-iambn. "A -c-߃' F m " cw ] m-øxv' \-in- m-øxv F m- Ws m A w. hnip Jp -B-\n-s bpw At±lw ÿm]n Jp - B kp Øp {]ÿm-\-øn-s bpw A\-iz-cX At±-l-Øns A c-ß-fn-eqss R߃ I p...! At±lw ]d-bm _m n-sh ]expw ]d-bm\pw Fgp-Xm\pw Cubp- -h\v ss[cyw \ In-bXv At±-l-Øns {KŸ-߃ Xs..! C v Jp -B kp Øp {]ÿm\w kºq Æhpw kº- -hp-ambn-cn- p- p. aue-hn-bpss hntbm-km-\- cw {]ÿm-\-øn-te- p-h Nne appm-ln-zp- -Pam-A-Øp-]-WvUn-X- m-cpss {]kw-k-ßfpw {]_- - ßfpw ]pkvx-i-ßfpw BZ i _ p- -fpss \nkzm -amb kl- I-c-Whpw {]h Ø-\-ßfpw "kp -Øp- -Pp-am-AØv' F Jp -B hncp kwl-s-\-bpss GXp coxn-bn-ep IpX-{ -ß-sfbpw t\cn-sm Jp -B kp Øp {]ÿm-\sø ]cym-]vx-am- n-bn-cn- p- p. A lw- Zp-en- m... tni- q auehn ]d-bm _m n-sh Hcp hnj-b-amwv "tnem- I Ω-w A\n-kvem-anIw' F Cu sim p IrXn-bn-eqsS Cubp -h Ah-X-cn- n- p- -Xv...! Cu {KŸ-Øns cn-\m-th-f-bn Fs klmbn aqxq A_q-_- auehn, kmenw-lmpn, aplωzv CIv_m I n-sn-, apl-ω-zp-æn-au-ehn amd-t -cn, apozv kp an D{K-]pcw, tum: su n-k (D.O.C) XpS-ßnbhtcm-Sp \μnbpw IS- mspw ChnsS tcj-s -Sp-Ø-s..! F v, hn\o-x tum: Fw. A_vZp Peo ]ps - m-sv. K.S.S. Hm^o-kv, am v tdmuv, ^tdm v

4 AXyp-Zm-c\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb A m-lp-hns Xncp-\m-a-Øn BapJw hnip Jp -Bt\m apl-ωzv \_ntbm ]Tn- n- mø AXn- {Iq-chpw ss]im-nn-i-hp-amb Hcm-\m-Nm-c-amWv "tnem-i Ωw' (Circumcision) F "kp Øv Iey-mWw.' t\ ark-ß-fmb H -Iß-fp-sSbpw BSp-I-fp-sS-bp-sams ImXp-Iƒ Iodn-ap-dn v ASbmfw hbv p Hcp ]Xnhv Ad-_n-Iƒ p- m-bn-cp- p. A mlp-hns krjvsn-l-s-\sb Ae-t m-e-s -Sp-Øp Ad-_n-I-fpsS B A\m-Nm-csØ ss]im-nniw (4:118, 119) F mwv Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_nbpw A[n-t -]n- Xv. e -Øn As - n ]Øp e -Øn Hcp sxωm-sn v I p-ip-snbpw hy`n-nm-chpw {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp \S-]-Sn-I-fpw a p-ambn IpØ-gn PohnXw \bn- p-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS enwk-øn\pw tbm\o-\m-f-øn-\p-sams Iym k hcp p F ImcWw ]d- p-sim v \njvi-f- cpw \n -lm-b-cp-amb Ip n-i-fpss enwkm- {K-N Ωw apdn- p-i-f-bp- Xv X\n {Iqchpw A]-lm-ky-hp-am-Wv. tnem-i Ωw axm-nm-c-ambn ]men- p-h-cp C-{k-tben PqX- mcn enwk-øn\v Iym k D -h ]qpyw ix-am-\-am-sw- n tnem-i Ωw snømø hrøn-bn \S- p \ΩpsS lnμp 4 5

5 ktlm-z-c- m-cnepw {InkvXym-\n-I-fnepw enwk-øn-\p Iym k _m[bpw ]qpyw ix-am-\-am-wv. At mƒ sszhw ]Tn- n- -Xpt]mse hr-øn-bn \S- pi F -XmWv Imcyw. "hrøn-bp- -hscbpw snbvxv t]mb sx p-i-fn ] m-ø]n v asßp- -h-tcbpw sszhw CjvS-s -Sp p' (2:222 ) F v Jp -B ]d- -txm p- I. A msx tnem-i Ω-Øn bmsxmcp imkv{x-hp-an-, ax-hpan-. AXv C mw axm-nm-c-a-. AXp \_ntbm Jp -Bt\m ]Tn- n kp -Øp-a-. Atd-_y-bn D m-bn-cp Hcp PqX ]mc- ºcyw am{x-am-w-xv. ssewkni thgvn-bpss ]cn-]q Æ-X pw Imtam-±o-]-\-Øn\pw B enwkm{k N Ωw klm-bn- p-sa v ssewkni imkv{x hnz-kvz- m-cmb tumivs am A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p...!! ImcWw kv{xo pw ]pcp-j\pw Hcp-t]mse [mcmfw kv] i\ kpjw \ Ip Imtam-±o-]-I-amb, (erotic), [mcmfw Rc-ºp-Ifpw t]in-i-fp-a-s-ßp Hcp `mk-am-wv {]kvxpx IncmX \S-]-Sn-bn-eqsS tumivsdpw H m\pw tn p apdn- p-i-f-bp- Xv...!! tn-em-i ΩsØ AwKo-I-cn- p-, tnem-i Ω-Øn (Non- therapeutic neonatel circumcision ) Fs - nepw KpWtam imkv{xtam, Ds v AwKo-I-cn- p Hcp sa-un- kwl-s- \-I-fpw C v temi-øn F -dn-bp-i. am{x-a-, ap -Øn-sb-t mfw Imc-W-ß-fmWv tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\-Xnsc {]Xn-I-cn- p tumivs am, tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn FSp-Øp- -cn- p- -Xv... (Visitwww.doctorsopposingcircumcision, ax-øn bmsxmcp \n - -hp-an-.(2:256, 18:29, 10:100, 89:22) A m-lp-hns hn-\-߃ t]mepw Nn n p ]Tn- - msx \n߃ kzoi-cn- -cp-xv. (47:24, 38:29, 25:30, 73). "\n߃ {KŸw Npa- p Igp-X-I-fm-I-cpXv' Fs m-s -bp XXz-߃ Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_nbpw ]Tn- 6 n- p-tºmƒ, B hnip {KŸsØ ]mts Ah-K-Wn- p-sim v Pohn-Xhpw axhpw sszhhpw Fs - -dn-bmø \n -lm-b\pw \njvi-f- -\p-amb Hcp Ip n-bpss ico-c-ønse G hpw D IrjvSamb Hc-h-b-h-Øns enwk-øns Hcp `mkw Ah axhpw sszhhpw F m-sw- -dnbp- -Xn\p apºv Adp-Øp-am- p- Xv XnI ImS-Ø-chpw ax-{`m pw am{x-am-wv. \n - nx ax- ]-cn-h Ø-\-Øns G hpw {]mir-x-amb Hcp cq]-hpamwxv(am w tn = am Ieym-Ww). BIm-ihpw `qanbpw Ah-bv n-s-bn-ep- Xpw aæn-\-sn-bn-ep- Xpw a\p-jy-ico-c-hp-sa mw XnI pw A\yq-\-amb coxn-bn, AXn-a-t\m-l-cambn krjvsn- Xv km m A m-lp-hm-sw- pw, Aßn-s\-bp B A m-lp-hns krjvsn-l-s-\-bn Fhn-sSbpw Hcp Ipg- hpw Is -Øm \n߃ v Ign-bn-s pw Jp B Zi- -W- n\v ÿe-ß-fn DW Øp- p. (67:3,4, 64:3, 51:21, 30:30, 40:64, 87:1, 82:6, 7, 95:4, 20:6,8, 20:50, 51, 27:88) At mƒ G hpw at\m-lcw (95:4) F p Jp -B ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Ønb a\p-jy-i-co-c-ønse, G hpw al-ømb Hc-h-b-h-Øns enwk-øns A w A\mh-iy-ambn \n߃ apdn- p-i-f-bp- Xv F n-\mwv F mwv Jp - B hnizm-kn-i-fmb \ap v kp n- appm-ln-zv Pam-AØv auehn-am-tcmsv tnmzn- m-\p- -Xv...! Hcp NnIn F \nebv v tnem-i ΩsØ F m ax- mcpw AwKo-I-cn- p- p- v. Jp -B\pw AXwKo-I-cn- p- p. F m Jp -B-\n-en- mø Jp -Bt\m apl-ωzv \_ntbm ]Tn- - n- mø Hcm-Nmcw, C mw-axw F t]cn A\p-jvTn- p- Xv Jp -B-\nI ZrjvSym in v t]mse h Ip -am-sw pw AXv ldm-am-sw pap Jp B\nI ]mtw \mw ad- m-xn-cn- p-i...!!! 7

6 tnem-i Ω-Ønse ( ]cn-to-z-\w Circumcision) axhpw imkv{xhpw 8 hnip Jp -B-\n Hcp kqn-\- t]m-epan m-øxpw \_n-snbvxn- n- m-øxpw ap ow ]pcp-j- m-tcmspw kv{xoi-tfmspw Ip pß-tfmspw snøp G hpw henb Hc{I-ahp-amWv kp Øv I ymww F "tnem-i Ωw'. \_n-bp-ssbpw 4 Jeo-^-am-cp-sSbpw ImeØv Atd-_y PqX- m Iq w Iq -ambn \_n-bpss tncnbntebv v h -t mƒ Ah-cn D m-bn-cp Hc\m-Nmcw AtX- ]Sn \ne-\n- p. CuPn]vXv, kpum, FtXym]y XpS-ßnb cmpy-ßfn s] Ip- niƒ t]mepw tnem-i ΩØn\v Cc-bm-Ip- p- v. apbhn-b-bpss Jp -B hncp cmp`c-w-im-eøv B A\m-Nmcw Hcp kp -Ømbn \ne-\n Øm\pw {]N-cn- n- m\pw apb-hnbbpw A_qlp-ssd-d-bpw 800 injy- mcpw {]txyiw {]Nm-c-the \S-ØpIbpw snbvxp. AXp-am-{X-amWv ap ow- ]pcp-j am snøp tnem-i Ω- Øns ASn-ÿm-\w. A msx Jp -B-\ntem bym \_n-n-cybntem tnem-i Ω-Øn\v bmsxmcp ASn-ÿm-\-hpw ImWp- n-. tnem-i Ω-Ønse axhpw imkv{xhpw \ap-s m v ]Tn- mw. AXn-\p-ap-ºmbn A ]w Ncn-{Xhpw \mw ]Tn-t - -Xp- v. ssewkn- IX (ssew-kni Nn m-k-xnbpw ssewkni thgvn-bpw) ]m]-am-sw pw AXv snip-øms {]h Ø-\-am-sW pw ]pcm-x\ ImeØv Nne PqX- m hniz-kn- p-ibpw {]N-cn- n- pibpw snbvxn-cp- p. am{xa, {]m n- p-tºmƒ aq{x-øns Awiw enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øn (Foreskin-]pcpj enwk-øns A{Kw Bh-cWw snbvxn-cn- p N Ωw awn- -Zw Prepuce ) Xßn \n p- Xv alm ]m]-amsw pw aq{x-øp n \P-km-sW pw "Xp n aq{xw' sxmen-bn Xßn-\n- m Ah-cpsS {]m -\bpw \a-kvim-c-hpsam pw sszhw kzoi-cn- p-i-bn F pw Nne PqX-d- n-am \nb-a-am- p-ibpw {]Ncn- n- p-ibpw snbvxn-cp- p. PqX- m-cpss Aan-X-amb Bcm-[\ {`m ns\ Jp -B FXn p- p v. am{x-a, aq{xw \P-km-sW v Jp -B FhnsSbpw kqnn- n- p- n-. At mƒ ssewkni thgvn-bn Hcp A]q WX ssih-cp-øm\pw enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øn "Xp n aq{xw' Xßn \n p- Xv XS-bm-\pw th n temi-øm-zy-ambn enwk- Øns A -Øp sxmen apdn pi-f enwkm-{k-n Ωw tozn - -BZysØ - ax-hn-`m-k-am-bn-cp p PqX- m. 9

7 tnem-i Ωw A w Ncn-{Xw (History of Circumcision) ssewkn-ix (ssew-kni Nn m-k-xnbpw ssewkni thgvn-bpw) ]m]-am-sw v Nne ]pcm-x\ tkm{x-ßfpw PqX tkm{x-ß-fpw hnizkn- n-cp- p. C{_mlnw \_n-bpss Ime-L- -Øn\v F{Xtbm \q m- p-iƒ v apºv Xs (kpam 6000 h j-߃ v apºv) Ing- B{^n- -bnse Nne Im p-tkm-{x-ß-fn tnem-i Ωw F BNmcw \ne \n n-cp- -Xmbn ImWmw C{_mlnw \_nbmwv tnem-i Ωw Bcw-`n- Xv F kp n hnizmkw sx msw v kmcw. kpum, en_n-b, FtXym]y, tkmamenb XpS-ßnb \msp-i-fnse Nne ]pcm-x\ IpSpw-_-ßfpw tkm{x-ßfpw Xß-fpsS tkm{x- msc ]c-kv]cw Xncn- -dn-bm th n \ Np p-]-gpø \o teml- -ºn-Iƒ NqSm n Igp-Ønepw amdnepw apjøpsams at\ml-c-amb ]msp-iƒ krjvsn- p-am-bn-cp- p. acww hsc B ]msp-iƒ (Scar) t]mim-ø-xp-sim v GXv Ime-L- -Øn-epw Ahsc Xncn- -dnbm Ffp- -am-bn-cp- p. Ing- B{^n- -bnse Nne ImS mcpw Nne Im -d_n tkm{x-ßfpw enwk-øns A -Øp sxmen apdn- pam n Cßs\ AS-bmfw sh n-cp- p. kpam 6000 h j-߃ v apºv, CuPn-]vXn-emWv tnem-i Ωw Hcp axm-nm-c-ambn Bcw-`n- Xv F v ]ecpw A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p. k m-cm-[-\-bp-ambn (Snake worship) tnem-i Ω-Øn\v _ -ap-s - mwv Hcp-Iq- Icp-Xp- -Xv. ]mºp-iƒ AXns ]pdw-sxmen (Dd) Dcn-bp- -txmss, \ Xnf- hpw an\p-k-hp-ap ]pø sxm-en-tbmss ]pd-øp-h-cp- Xv CuPn- ]vxnse Nne {]mirx h - m I n-cp- p. AtXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-B-]m- 10 ºp-Iƒ A\-iz-c-am-Ip-sa v (immortal) Ah hniz-kn- p. a\pjys enwkm{k N Ωhpw ]mºns Bh-c-Whpw Hcp-t]msebmsW- mbn-cp p Ah-cn Nne-cpsS hnizm-kw. (snake skin = foreskin). enw- Km{K N Ωw apdn- p-am- p- -txmss ico-c-ønse Hc-\m-hiy `mkw apdn- p-am- p- -Xp-t]m-se-bmWv Ah Icp-Xn-bn-cp- -Xv. enwkm{k N Ωw (foreskin) apdn- p-am- p- -txmss enwkw hfsc " o ' Bbn Fs pw \ne-\n pw F pw Ah Icp-Xn. CuPn-]vXp-Imcn \n mwv PqX am pw, Ad-_n-Iƒ pw Cu BNmcw In nbxv. IrkvXphn\v(Cukm-\_n v) 2850 h jw ap ]v(-_n.-kn. 2850) CuPn- ]vxn Pohn- n-cp, sshzy-tem-isø Hc-Xn-Im-b-\mbn Adn-b-s - Sp "CwlsS v' BWv kp Øv \n _- -am- n-b-sx v kn.-si.- cm-a-n-{μ A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p. CuPn-]vXnse `c-w-im-cy-ß-fn, ^tdmhsb (^n -Hu-s\) klmbn- n-cp ^tdm-h-bp-ss "{Xn-aq Øn-Iƒ' F -dn-b-s - n-cp CwlsS- v, Smtlm-sS- v,-si-skav\n F n-h-cn ]e-xp-sim pw A{K-K- Wy-\m-bn-cp p, Hcp sshzy-im-kv{x-hn-im-c-z-\m-bn-cp " Cwl-sS v'. ^tdm-h-bm-bn-cp tkmk-dp-ssbpw, sim m-c-ønse At -hm-kn-ifp-ssbpw `nj-kz-c Cwl-sS v Bbn-cp- p.-sim- m-c-ß-fn CwlsS v \S-Ønb sshzy imkv{x-{k-ÿ-ß-fp-ssbpw, \nco- -W-ß-fpsSbpw hnh-c-w-ß-f-s-ßnb "]m n-dkv Npcp-fp-Iƒ' \ap v e`n- n- p- v. " Cut_gvkv ]m n-dkv' F -dn-b-s -Sp Cu ]pcm-x\ {KŸ- Np-cp-ƒ temi-ønse G hpw henb sshzy-hn- m\ tcj-i-fn-sem- m-wv. Cwl-sS- ns Ime-ØmWv " ]cn-t -Z\w ' AYhm "kp Øv'(circumcision) \n _- -am- n-b-sx mwv Icp-Xp- - Xv. AXp-sIm- p t\ -߃ hnh-cn- Xpw icn-bmb hn[-øn kp Øv \S-tØ coxn Bhn-jv -cn- Xpw a m-cp-am-bn-cp- n-. (tum: kn.-si. cma-n-{μ (amxr-`q-an). temiw I G hpw henb a\p-jy-kvt\-ln-bmb hnπ-h-imcn-i-fn Hcm-fm-bn-cp- p-ht m PqX- m-cp-ssbpw {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-sSbpw 11

8 ap ow-i-fp-ssbpsams Bcm-[y-]p-cp-j-\m-bn-cp C{_mlnw \_n (Abraham). ]mh-s P\-ß-fpsS hniz-mk-søbpw I Ω-ß-sfbpw NqjWw snbvxp Pohn A p- m-bn-cp ]ptcm-ln-x- m-cptsbpw \m p-cm-pm- - m-cp-ssbpw FXn p-iƒ Ah-K-Wn p CdmJv (sa-tkms m- m-an-b) ]e-kvxo, kndn-b, CuPn]vXv (Im-\m tziw) XpSßnb cmpy-ß-fn At±lw Hfn pw sxfn pw GI sszh-kn- m w {]N-cn- n- psim ncp- p. At±lw k -cn Zn p-i-fnsems At±-lsØ CjvS-s -Sp-Ibpw _lp-am-\n- p-ibpw snøp Hcp henb hn`mkw hnizm-kn-i-sf krjvsn- m At±-l-Øn\v Ign- p. {]mb-am-b-t mƒ F m-h pw kzm`m-hn-i-ambn D m-ip- -Xpt]mse Hcp]mSv tcmk-ßfpw owhpw C{_mlnw \_n-sbbpw _m[n- p. Xs enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øns A Øv h p-s] \o hogvnbpw \nc- -c-amb thz-\bpw ]gp pw kzm`m-hn-i-ambn C{_mlnw \_n-bn Bi Db Øn. X\n v h p-s] AkpJw t`z-am- phm A sø Adn-b-s -Sp G hpw \ sshzy- m-scbpw tkm{x- Ø-e-h- m-scbpw C{_mlnw kao-]n- p. Ah-cpsS \n t±-i-{]-imcw tcmk-{k-ÿ-amb B sxmen apdn- m C{_mlnw \_n Xocp-am-\n- p. Hcp NnIn F \nebv v C{_mlnw \_n-bpss sshzy- mcpw klm-bn-ifpw AXv `wkn-bmbn \n Δ-ln- p-ibpw snbvxp. C{_mlnw \_n A -dn-b-s -Sp Hcp alm-\m-b-xp-sim pw Hcp]mSv A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw A\p-`m-hn-Ifpw Ipsd i{xp- -fpw At±-l-Øn\v D m-bn-cp- -Xp-sIm pw Cu sndnb tcmk-hm Ø-bpw NnIn- bpw imkv{x-{inbbpsams Im pxo t]mse Ah n-s-bn s]s v ]S-cp-Ibpw F m-hcpw "kwkxn' Adn-bp-Ibpw snbvxp. F - msx Hcp axm-nm-c-ambn C{_mlnw \_n AXp ]Tn- n- p-itbm {]Ncn- n- p-itbm snbvxn-cp- n-. a{ -hm-zn-i-sftbm apdn-ssh-zy- msctbm txsn-t m-imsx Hcp NnIn F \nebv v A p e`yamb G hpw \ am w D]-tbm-Kn v G hpw \ coxnbn At±lw AXp snbvxp F p am{xw. tnem-i ΩsØ i n-bmbn FXn Ø-h-cm-bn-cp p ap 12 m \_nbpw(tam- -kv) lmdq \_nbpw (ss_-_nƒ ]g-b-\n-baw ]pd msp ]pkvxiw 4:25) F nepw aq m \_n-bpss Ime-L- -Øn\v tijw tpzmjz (Joshua) BWv CsXmcp PqX BNm-c- -ambn PqX- mcn \S- n-em- m XpS-ßn-b-Xv. tnem-i Ωw snbvx PqX- m tpzmjz-bpss ] m-f-øn tncp-ibpw ]e-kvxo IogvS- p- -Xn-\pth n tpzmjztbm-ssm w acwwhsc Dd v \n msa v {]Xn- -sb-sp- p-ibpw snbvxp. F m PqX- m-cn \n pw hncp- -ambn tdma- mcpw {Ko p- Imcpw B enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øn\v hfsc {]m[m\yw I n- n-cp p. F p am{x-a-, PqX- m-cpss tnem-i Ω-Øn\v FXn-cmbn AXns\ \ntcm-[n- p-sim v i n-bmbn Ipsd \nb-a-ßfpw Ah ]mkm n \S- n-em- n-bn-cp- p. {Ko p-im-cpss Cu tnem-i Ω hncp \S-]- Sn-Iƒ ax-{`m- - m-cm-bn-cp PqX ]ptcm-ln-x- m-scbpw d n-am-scbpw IqSp-X snmsn- n- p. Hscm PqX\pw tnem-i Ωw snømø {Ko p- Im-sc-t]mse txm -cpxv F v hsc Ah itn- p. AXn-\mbn Ah s]cne (Perilah) Fs mcp k{º-zmbw \S- n-em- n. C{_mlnw \_n AkpJw ImcWw Xs enwkøns A{K-`m-Khpw Ign- v \o p \n p sxmen-bpss A w am{xsa apdn- n-cp- p- q. Cu coxnbmwv A phsc PqX- m Ah-ew-_n- p-t]m- n-cp- -Xv. AXp-ImcWw tnem-i Ωw snbvx- PqX- mcpw tnem-i Ωw snømø {Ko p- Imcpw {]Xy- -Øn Hcp-t]mse txm n- n-cp- p. F m ax-`m- { - m-cmb PqX ]ptcm-ln-x- mcpw PqX d n-amcpw s]cne (perilah) F ]cn-]msnbn-eqss \h-pmx inip- -fpss enwkm{k-n Ωw apgph apdn- p-am- m XpS-ßn. CXp-Im-cWw tnem-i Ωw snbvx PqX- msc tnem-i Ωw snømø {Ko p-im-cn \n v s]s v Xncn- dn-bm km[n- p. (C v tumivs amcpw kp n H-km- mcpw PqX- mcpw Cu coxn-bmwv tnem-i Ω-Øn\v Ah-ew-_n- p-h-cp- -Xv.) Cu coxn Nne-t mƒ Aan-X-amb c -{km-h-øn-tebv pw Nne-t mƒ enwk-øns A w hnir-x-am-ip- -Xn\pw (Scarring) Imc-W-am-bn. P\\ ka-bøv enwkm-{khpw (Glans) enwkm{k N Ωhpw (foreskin) 13

9 H nt v H mbn \n p- Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cn- pw. km[m-c- W-bmbn Ip n-iƒ v 3 apx 5 hb v hsc-bm-ip- -txmss enwkm- {K-N Ωw (foreskin) enwkm-{k (Glans) -Øn \n v th s]-sp-ibpw AsXmcp sx n-am-dp Bh-c-W-am-bn, enwkm-{k-øn Hcp c m-ih-n-sa-t mww \ne-\n p-ibpw snøp- p. F m Nne Ip n- Iƒ v enwkm-{k-n Ωw, enwkm-{k-øn \n v th s]-smsx H nt p \n p (adhesions) Ahÿ hb v hsc-sbms \o p-t]mhmdp- v. Nne-t mƒ AXp sndnb ikv{x-{inb hgn (minor surgery) t\scbmt - -Xmbn hcpw. Cu Ahÿ a\- n-em- mø ]gb PqX H m amcn Nne (Mohel), th {X hrøn-bn- mø D]-I-c-W-ßfpw a pw D]-tbm-Kn v (without proper sterilization) tnemi Ωw snbvxxp ImcWw Nne H -s ac-w-߃ kw`hn- p. Aan-X-amb c -{km-hhpw AWp-_m-[-bp-sam-s -bm-bn-cp p ac-w-߃ pw sshi-ey-߃ pw (scar) Imc-W-am-b-Xv. PqX- m-cnse Nne _p n-po-hn-iƒ Nne {]txy-i-xcw dnwkp- Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn v (snºpw XI-chpw tn Øp- m- nb dnwkp-iƒ D]-tbm-Kn v)(pondus Judaeus or Judaeum pondum). CØ-c-Øn-ep-f Nne hnir-xmb enwkm{kw icn-bm- m {iaw XpS-ßn. am{x-a-, PqX- m-cnse Hkm- m-cp-ssbpw PqX d n-am-cp-ssbpw Cu ]cm-{i-asøbpw tnem-i Ω-sØbpw tnmzyw snbvxp-sim v Nne PqX-_p- n-po-hn-iƒ cwkøv hcm CØcw A\njvT kw`-h-߃ Imc-Wambn. PqX- m-cnse tnem-i Ω-Øns aq mw L w sa nkm (Messisa - Metzizah)) F t]cn Adn-b-s Sp p. _n.kn Ime-L- -Øn-em-bn-cp p (Talmudic Period) CXv {]Nm-c-Øn-ep- m-bn-cp- -Xv. Cu NS-ßn tnem-i Ωw snøp PqX Hkm (Mohel) tnem-i Ω-Øn\v tijw tnem-i Ωw snø-s Ip n-bpss enwkm-{k-øn \n pw {khn- p c w kz w hmb-sim v hen v FSp- p-am-bn-cp- p. (Sucking). tnem-i Ωw snøp Hkms hmbn \n p AWp-_m-[-Im-cWw Hcp]mSv PqX inip- ƒ acn- 14 m CXv Imc-W-am-bn. PqX- m-cnse ]cn-jvi-cw hmzn-ifpw ]ptcm- K-a-\-hm-Zn-Ifpw {ItaW i n {]m]n- p-ibpw tnem-i Ωw Hc-\mh-iy-ambn Ah {]Jym-]n- p-i-bpw snbvxp {^m v ^ n tn ktω-f-\-øn tnem-i Ωw Hc-\m-h-iy-ambn PqX- m-cnse _p n Pnhn-Iƒ {]Jym- -]n- p-i-bpw snbvxp. PqX- m-cnse Bcm-[\m {`m n-s\bpw ax-{`m- n-s\bpw NqjWsØbpw FXn Øp-sIm v Cukm \_n (Jesus Christ) cwkøv h p. tnem-i ΩsØ ]c-ky-ambn FXn Øp-sIm v {InkvXp PqX- ]p-tcm-ln-x- m-scbpw d n-am-scbpw PqX- m-cnse ]mc-ºcy hmzn-isfbpw snmsn n- p. F nepw {Iqc- mcpw Ip_p- n-ifpamb PqX- m pw PqXd n-am pans-bn ]nsn p\n m Cukm \_n pw A\p-N-c- m pw Ign- n-. Cukm \_n-bpss Zpcq-lamb Xntcm-[m-\-tØmsS Cukm \_n ]Tn- n GI-ssZ-h-kn- m w Im n d-øns m v Cukm\_nsb sszh-am n ]qpn psim v PqX- m-cn \n v {InkvXp-a-X-Øn-te v X{ -]q Δw IpSn-tb-dnb hnip ]utem-kn-s\-t m-ep PqX-]ptcm-ln-X- m, Cukm \_nsim- p-h C mw axsø (bym {InkvXp ax-sø) hni-eam- n. F nepw Cukm \_n ]Tn n tnem-i Ω hncp kn m- -Øn ambw tn Øv {InkvXym-\n-Isf txm n- m PqX- m v Ign- n-. F.-Un. 48 PqX- m-cn \n v hncp- -ambn tnem-i Ω-Øn\v ]Icw " m\-kv\m\w' (Baptism amtam-zok ap ) axn-sb v {InkvXy k`-iƒ Xocp-am-\n- p. ]gb PqX \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn v Hcp a\p-jy PqX-\m-h-W-sa- n tnem-i Ωw snbvtx axn-bm-iq. C pw B \nbaw {]m_-ey-øn D v. F m {InkvXy _p npohn- Iƒ F.-Un. 48 tnem-i Ω-Øn\v ]I-cw " m\-kv\m\w' axnsb v Xocp-am-\n- p. ]gb \nb-a-{]-im-chpw A sø B-Nmc{]Imchpw Pok v ]nd v F mw Znhkw At±-l-Øns tnem- I Ωw \S- n-cp- p. PqX BNm-c-{]-Imcambn-cp p AXv. tbip- {InkvXp(Jesus Christ-Cukm-\-_n) Iuam-c-Øn Xs Hcp hnπ-h- 15

10 Im-cnbpw at\m-l-c-amb ssien-bn kwkm-cn- p kpap-j\mb Hcp hy n-bpambn-cp- p-sh v Ncn{Xw ]d-bp- p. PqX ]utcm-ly- Øn-s\-Xn-scbpw Ah hf Øn-sIm- p-h Aan-X-amb Bcm-[\m {`m n-s\-xn-scbpw tnem-i Ωw t]mep A\m-h-iy-߃s -Xnscbpw At±lw i n-bmbn {]Xn-I-cn- p. F nepw Ip_p- n-i-fmb PqX- m v apºn ]nsn p\n m Cukm \_n v Ign- n-. At±-l-Øns Zpcq-l-amb Xntcm-[m-\-tØmsS {InkvXym-\nIƒ At±lsØ sszh-am- n. {InkvXp-hn\v \jvs-s enwkm-{k-n Ωw kz - Øn sh v ]p\xkwk-an p F mwv ]n osv A - m {]N-cn- n- -Xv. sflni Pohn-X-Øn IpSpw-_-Po-hn-Xhpw ssewkni thgvnbpw enwkm-{k-n Ωhpsams Hgn-hm- n-bm ]c-tem-iøv h v Cu Pohn-X-sØ- mfpw hnin-jvs-amb IpSpw-_-Po-hn-Xhpw enwkm-{k-n Ωhpw ssewkn-im-kzm-z-\hp-sams sszhw \ Ipw Fs mcp hnizmkw ]g-b-ime PqX- mcpw {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw {]Ncn- n- n-cp- p. {InkvXp-hns aw-hm- n-am-cm-hm Nne {InkvXy kv{xoiƒ a -cn- p- Xpw Cu hnizm-k-øns `mk-am-bm-wv. {InkvXp aq mw Znhkw Db sø-gp- -t p-tºmƒ B enwkm-{k- N Ω-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]cn-]q Æ-\mbn mwv Xncn ph -sx mwv {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS s]mxp-sh-bp hnizmkw. {InkvXp-hns BZy- Im-e-Nn-{X-ß-fn-sems At±lw hkv{xw [cn v hfsc am\y-am-bn- mwv Nn{Xn-I-cn- -s - -Xv. F m 15- mw \q m- n\v tijw {InkvXy k`-iƒ ]pdøphn {InkvXp-tZ-hs Hcp ]msv \ Nn{Xß-fn Cukm \_nsb ({InkvXp-hns\) tnem-i Ωw snømø coxn-bn-emwv Nn{Xo-I-cn- n- p- -Xv. AXn\v Ah ]d \ymbw {InkvXp-hn-s\-t]m-ep Hcp alm-hy n Ft mgpw ]cn-]q Æ- \mbn Ccn-t - -Xp-s v am{x-am-wv. {InkvXphnt Xv F v Ah-Im-i-s - p-sim v {InkvXy k`- Iƒ Ah-X-cn- n- p Ccp-]-Øn-sbm-t mfw `uxnimh-in-jvs-ßfn (Relics) tbip-{in-kvxp-hns\ tnem-i Ωw snø-s -SmsX "]cn- ]q Æ-\m-bn- mwv' (with prominent foreskin) Nn{Xo-I-cn- n- p- -Xv. 16 F nepw {InkvXym-\n-I-fnse Nne hncp-x- m t]m ns\ shdpsx hn n-. {InkvXp-tZ-h tnem-i Ω-Øn\v hnt[-b-\mtbm C tbm F N {InkvXy k`-i-fn NqSp]nSn v Xs \n p. "AXv sszh-øn\v am{xta Adnbq' F v {]Jym-]n- p-sim v t]m v C sk v aq m-a h j-ß-tfmfw \o p-\n B X w Ah-km\n- -Xmbn {]Jym-]n- p...! spdp-sk-se-an tn {InkvXy k` (council at Jerusalem) tnem-i Ωw Hc-\m-h-iy-ambn {]Jym-]n- p-ibpw tnem-i Ω-Øn \n v ]q Æ-ambpw hn v \n m sk v t]mƒ {InkvXy c n- Xm- sf Blzm\w snøp-ibpw snbvxp. F p am{x-a-, tnem- I Ωw snøp ax hn`m-ksø (Pq-X am-scbpw kp n-i-sfbpw){]txyiw Icp-Xn-bn-cn- m\pw sk v t]mƒ {InkvXym-\n-Isf {]txyiw Hm Ωn- n p. Aßns\ PqX- m-cpss B A\m-Nmcw {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ n-s-bn Xosc \S n-em- m Ign-bmsX B ]ptcmln-x- m ]cm-p-b-s - p. F nepw PqX- m-cn \n pw C m-an tnt -dnb PqX-cm-Pm-hmb apb-hn-bbpw Xs in n-snbmb A_- qlp-ssd-dbpw tnem-i Ωw F PqX BNmcw kp n ap ow-iƒ n- S-bn \S- n-em- p- -Xn "al-ømb hnpbw' ssih-cn- p. kp n-iƒ (kp n appm-lnzv PamAØv aue-hn-am ) \n _- -a- mø Hcp sfoni BNm-c-am-bn- mwv (kp- -Øm-bn- m-wv) tnem-i ΩsØ I p-h-cp- -Xv. F nepw tnem-i Ωw snømø (enw-km-{k-n Ωw \jvs-s -Sm-Ø) Hscm kp n-sbbpw ap ow-iƒ n- S-bn ImWm km[y-a F -XmWv kxyw. kp -Øm-sW- nepw \n _- -amb Imcy-sØ- mƒ Kuc-h-am-bn- mwv kp n-ap- ow-iƒ tnem-i Ωw BN-cn v t]mcp- -Xv. tnem-i Ωw Ign v c v aq v BgvN-Iƒ Ign-bp-tºmƒ (apdnhv DW-ßp- -tºmƒ) hfsc BtLm-jtØm-Sp-IqSn B Ip nsb ap m bpw Imc-W-h- mcpw a p Ip n-ifpw tn v Hcp sh nbmgvn Znhkw ] n-bn-tebv v sim p-t]mipw. AtXm-Sp-IqSn ] n {]th-i-øn\pw kp n aue-hn-amsc XpS v \a-kvi-cn- m\pw B Ip n tbmky-\mb-xmbn Icp-X-s -Sp- p. (am w 17

11 Iq p- p) kp n ap ow-iƒ n-s-bn C pw \ne-\n- p-h-cp Hcp BNm-c-am-Wn-Xv. ssh w apl-ωzv _jo-dns "_mey-im-e-k-jnbnepw' Nne Ad_n IY-I-fnepw "kp Øp I ymw'øns ck-ic-amb Iptd aplq Ø-߃ at\m-l-c-ambn hc- p-im- n-bn- p- v. "Xp n aq{xw' Xßn \n mø ]cn-ip- -amb enwk-tøm-sp-iq-sn-bm-hww (i-co-c-tøm-sp-iq-sn-bm-h-ww) \nxy {]m -\-Iƒ F PqX kn m- -Øn\v Aßns\ kp n appm-lnzv Pam-AØv aue-hn-am Adnt m Adn-bm-sXtbm "Hmim\' ]msp- p. AtX kabw aq{xw \P- m-sw v Jp -B-\n Fhn-sSbpw Hcp kqn-\-t]mepan. Camw A_q l\o-^-bpss A`n-{]m-bw kpam Hcp Zn lw (kp-am 4 {Kmw) aq{xw hkv{x-ønepw sxmen-bnepw Xßn-\n- mepw Ahs {]m \sbbpw \a-kvi-mc-ß-sfbpw AXv _m[n- n F m-wv. CXv Xs -bmwv l\^n azvl-_v. CXp-X-s -bmwv km m Jp B-\nI azvl-_pw. aq{x-hn-k \w Ign- m Igp-I kp - Øm-sW v am{x-amwv l\^n azvl_v. AtX kabw aq{xn Xn\v tijw Igp-In-bn-s - n sszhw in n- p-sa- mwv kp n azvl- _v. (a-zvl_v = School of thought Nn m-{]-ÿm-\w) PqX- mcpw PqX-d- n-amcpw kp n Hkm- mcpw kp n appm-lnzv PamAØv aue-hn-amcpw I -h-s- -Æp Nne tumivs amcpw sszh- Øns t]cn in v snbvxp-sim v enwkw "apdn-s -dn-bp-tºmƒ' \ΩpsS `mcx-øn sszhw \ Inb B al-ømb A\p-{K-lsØ ]qpn- p-h lnμp- fpap v (enw-k-]q-p) F hkvxpx kmμ `n- I-ambn \mw Hm p-i. enwkw apdn-s -dn-bmt\m enwksø sszh-am- mt\m ]d-bmsx AXv c n\pans-bn AXncp Ihn-bmsX A mlp \ Inb krjvsn Ae-t m-e-s -Sp-ØmsX Hcp anx-amb am w kzoi-cn- m-\mwv (`- -Ww, hkv{xw, ]m n-sw, Ae- m-c߃, BtLm-j-߃ XpSßn) F m hnj-b-ønepw Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_n-bpw ap oitfmsv I n- Xv F v kmμ `n-i-ambn \mw Hm p-i. 18 tnem-i Ωw kao-]-ime Ncn{Xw (Circumcision- Recent History) tnem-i Ω-Øn Fs m-s tbm imkv{xob KpW-߃ Ds [mc-w-bn 1865 apx Cw - nse Nne tumivs m tnem-i Ωw XpS p h p apx Ata-cn -bnse saun- cwkøpw tnem-i Ωw hfsc kpo-h-ambn Xs \ne-\n- p apx 1950 hscbp Ime-L- -ß-fn Cw ojv kwkm-cn- p \msp-ifn tnem-i Ωw hfsc {]Nm-c-Øn-ep- m-bn-cp- p. tnem-i Ωw ]pcp-j- m-cn lkvx-ssa-yp\w Ipd- p- p (am-ã t_- j ) Fs mcp [mc-w-bn-emwv ]ecpw tnem-i ΩsØ t{]m mln- n- n-cp- -Xv. lkvx-ssa- -Yp\w (Masturbation-kzbw-t`mKw) aqew IÆn\v ImgvN Ipd-bp-sa- pw, A X _m[n- p-sa- pw, A]-kvamc tcmkn-bm-hp-sa- pw, I p-ip-sn-b\pw am\-kni tcmkn-bp-sam-s -bm- Ip-sa pw Nne tumivs am hsc ] p-im-e-ß-fn hniz-kn- n-cp- p. F m lkvx-ssa-yp\w CsXm pw D m- p- n F v imkv{xo-b-amb ]T-\-߃ sxfn-bn- -t mƒ enwkm p-zw, aq{xm-ib tcmk-߃, ssewkni tcmk-߃ F n-ßs\ Hcp-]mSv tcmk-߃ v Imc-W-am-Ip p F m-tcm-]n v Nne "_p n-po-hn-iƒ' B ]mhw enwkm{k N ΩsØ (foreskin) "{]Xn- q- n ' \n Øn. F m CsXm pw imk-{xo-b-amb ]T-\-ß-fpsS ]n _e-tøm-ss-bm-bn-cp- n-. am{xa. tnem-i Ωw kv{xohn-tzz-j-øns bpw (misogyny) lkvx-ssa-yp-\- ioesø t{]m m-ln- n- p- -Xn-s bpw cxn-ssh- Ir-X-ß-fp-sSbpw( Sexual Perversions) At\Iw ASn-ÿm\ Imc-W- 19

12 ß-fn H m-bn- mwv Anne- V. Pyterek A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- -Xv (The root of Misoginy) I-fn tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\-Xnsc Cw - nepw Atacn- -bnepw Nne tumivs m cwkøv h p. tnem-i Ωw aqew- enwkm{k N Ωw apdn- p-am- p- -txm-sp-iqsn ]pcp-j\pw kv{xo pw ssewkn-im-kzm-z-\- -a-xbpw Imtam-±o-]\ (Erotic) i nbpw Ipdbp- -Xm-bn, Nne tumivs am Is -Øn. tnem-i Ω-Øn-\nsS AWp-_m-[-sIm pw c -{km-hw-sim pw Nne Ip n-iƒ acn- m CSbmb H -s kw`-h-ßfpw tnem-i Ω-Øn-eqsS \jvs-s sxmen imkv{x-in-b-bn-eqss ]p\ \n Ωn- mtam F Nne _p n-po-hn-ifpss tnmzy-hp-am-bn-cp p Nne tumivs amsc imkv{xobamb ]T-\- Øn\v t{]cn- n- -Xv. Ata-cn- B an-bn Iym]v \mbn-cp \o {]nã (Noel Preston) 50- -I-fn Pma-bn (Journal of American Medical Association-Jama) Fgp-Xnb Nne tej-\-ß-fn-eqss tnem-i Ω-Øn bmsxmcp imkv{xhpw KpWhpans pw B \S-]Sn A\m-h-iy-amb am\-kn-ihpw ssewkn-ihpamb {]iv\-ß-fn-tebv v ]n osv \bn- psa pw ka n- p. tumivs {]oãs tej-\-ß-fpss ^e-ambn Ata-cn- -bnse inip-tcm-k-hnz-kv - m-cpss Hcp kwl-s\ (American Academy of Paediatrics) Ip p-ß-fnse tnem-i ΩsØ Hcn- epw \ymbn-i-cn- m ] n-s pw AsXmcp A\m-h-iy-am-sW pw {]Jym-]n- p. AtXm-Sp-IqSn Ata-cn- -bn Ip p-ß-fpss tnem- I Ωw hfsc Ipd p h p. Cw - n 1949 sskuv\ (Gairdner) tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\-Xnsc i n-bmbn cwkøv h p. At±l-Øns {]h Ø-\-^-e-ambn Cw - nse \mjw sl Øv k Δo-kns (National Health Service) {]ap-j-cmb `mc-hm-ln-ifpw {]kn- o-i-c-w-ßfpw cwkøv h -t mƒ Cw - nepw Ip n-i-fnse tnem-i Ωw KWy-ambn Ipd- p It\Un-b ]oun-bm-{sn v skmssk n (Canadian Paediatric Society- CPS)tNem-I Ω-Øn-s\-Xnsc cwkøv h p. Cw v, Ata-cn, I\U XpS-ßnb cmpy-ß-fn 1971 apx hfsc {]I-Samb Ipd-hmWv tnem-i Ω \nc- n I v hcp- -Xv. AXv Ipd- p-simt bncn- p-ibpw snøp- p. AXn-\nsS tnem-i ΩsØ \ymbo-i-cn- p-sim v ho pw Nne tumivs m cwkøv h p-. tnem-i Ωw snømø Ip p-ß-fn bqdn-\dn {SmIvSv C ^-Ivj UTI (aq-{xm-ib `mk-ß-fnse AWp-_m-[) hfsc IqSp-X-emWv F mbn-cp p Ah-cpsS \ymbw. tumivs txmakv hnkvδ- n-s\ (Thomas Wiswell) -t m-ep {]ap-j-cm-bn-cp p AXn\v Np m ]nsn- n-cp- - Xv. It\Un-b ]oun-bm-{sn v skmssk n tumivs hnkvh- ns ]T-\-ßsf ]q Æ-ambpw ho pw A]-{K-Yn- pibpw AXn-s\- pdn v ]Tn- m {]txyi IΩ- n-sb \ntbm-kn- p-i-bpw snbvxp. tumivs hnkvh- ns Kth-W-j-W-am -ßfpw coxn-ifpw imkv{xob-a-s v B IΩn n A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp-Ibpw tnem-i Ωw A\m-h-iyam-sW 1975se t]mfn-kn-bn It\-Unb ]oun-bm-{sn v skmssk n Dd p\n p-ibpw snbvxp NOCIRC (National Organization of Circumcision information resourse Centre) ÿm]n-x-ambn. tnem-i Ω-Øns KpWtZm-j-ß-sf- p-dn v c n-xm- ƒ pw tumivs am pw hy -amb hnhcw \ Ip-I. Ip p-ß-fpss (\-h-pmx inip- -fp-ss) Ah- Im-i-sØ p-dn v amxm-]n-xm- -sfbpw kaq-l-søbpw t_m[- h -cn- pi. t]mb ImeØv sshzy-im-kv{x-øn\v ] nb A_- -ß-fn-tebv v tumivs am-cp-ssbpw c n-xm- -fp-ssbpw {i Xncn- p-i F n-ß-s\-bp {]Jym-]nX e y-tøm-ss-bmwv NOCIRC cq]w \ In-b-Xv. tumivs am n-sbnepw c n-xm- ƒ n- S-bnepw tnem-i Ω-Øns A\m-h-iy-I-X-sb- p-dn v t_m[apf-hm- 21

13 m\pw P\-t\-{μn-bsØ AXns ]q Æ-cq-]-Øn \ne-\n tø- -Xns Bh-iy-IXsb- p-dn v Adn-bn- m\pw s{]m^-k tpm v kn. U\n-à (Prof. George C. Denniston MD, M.P.H.) doctorsopposingcircumcision (D.O.C.) F sh_vssk- n\v cq]w \ In. C s\- ns A\m-bm-khpw A\- hpamb km y-x-iƒ ImcWw Ata-cn, Cw v, I\U, P Ω-\n, {^m kv, kzou, Bkvt{X-enb XpS-ßnb \nc-h[n cmpy-ß-fn tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\- Xnsc tumivs amcpw amxm-]n-xm- fpw AXn-thKw i n-bmbn {]Xn- I-cn p XpS-ßn. tumivs am pw s]mxp-p-\-߃ pw tnem-i ΩsØ pdn v hy -amb hnh-c-߃ \ Im temim-sn-ÿm-\-øn 1995 Circumcision Information Resource Pages (CIRP) ÿm]n-x-am-bn. CØcw {]h Ø-\-ß-fpsS ^e-ambn Ata-cn- -bn Ip n-i-fnse tnem-i Ω \nc v 60 -i-x-am\w hsc Ipd- p. Bkvt{X-en-b-bn AXv 10 ixam\w hsc Ipd- -Xmbn Australian College of Paediatrics (ACP) Ah-Im-i-s -Sp- p. (American Accademy of Paediatrics- (AAP), National Health Services of England). It\-Un-b ]nun-bm-{sniv skmssk- n,(canadien Paediatric Society)American College of Obstetricians & Gynacologist (ACOG) XpS-ßnb temi-{]-i-kvx-amb saun- kwl-s-\-iƒ tnem-i Ωw A\m-h-iy-am-sW v {]Jym- ]n- p-sim v Ah-cpsS {]kn- o-i-c-w-ß-fneqssbpw sh_vssk- p- I-fn-eq-sSbpw CS-bv n-s v tumivs am-scbpw c n-xm- -sfbpw t_m[- -h -cn- p-sim- n-cn- p- p. Npcp- -Øn C v tzin-bhpw A tz-in-b-hpamb H saun- kwl-s-\-ifpw tnem- I ΩsØ A\pIq-en- p- n. \ΩpsS Cu sim p-ti-cfas w C y-bnepw tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\-Xnsc i -amb P\-Iob apt w D mipw F v \ap v {]Xo- n- mw. 22 tnem-i Ω-Øn ]Xn-bn-cn- p A]-I-S-߃ (Hidden Traumas of Circumcision) A mlp a\p-jy-\p- \ Inb al-ømb A\p-{K-l-ß-fn G hpw {][m-\-am-w-t m, IpSpw-_-Po-hn-Xhpw, ssewkn-im-kzm-z-\- hpw, k m-\-e-_v[n-bp-sam-s...! sseknwi thgvn-bn ]pcpj\pw kv{xo pw G hpw A[nIw kv] i-\-kpjw \ Ip- kwth-z\ a-x h n- n p Imta-±o-]-I-hp-amb (Erotic) Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-tØmfw Rc-ºp-Ifp (Nerve endings D ) enwkm- {KsØ (Glans s\) kwc- n- p Hcp c m-i-h-n-hp-amb, [mcmfw {]txy-i-x-i-fp, sxmen-bpss Hcp `mkamwv tumivsdpw H m\pw tnem-i Ω-Øn-eqsS apdn- p-i-f-bp- -Xv. tnem-i Ω-Øn\v hnt[-b-cm-imø ]pcp-j- m v tnem-i Ωw snø-s ]pcp-j- m-tc- mƒ ssewkn-ix IqSpX Bkz-Zn- m Ign-bp p F v Hcp-]mSv ]T\-߃ sxfn-bn- p- p. Ata-cn-, {_n, kzou, I\-U, {^m kv, P Ω\n XpS-ßnb hni-knx cmpy-ß-fnse Hcp-]mSv tumivs am Xß-fpsS ASp- sim p-hcp Ip n-i-fpss tnem-i Ωw snøn F Xocp-am\w Hcp {]Xn- -sb-t mww FSp-Øn-cn- p- p. ImcWw tnem-i Ωw aptj-\ t\sc-bm- m-hp, enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øn\v hcm km[y-x-bp F m tcmk-ßfpw (aq{x XS- w, ss^tam-kn-kv, Phymosis, \nc- -c-amb AWp-_m-[,(U.T.I - Urinary Tract Infection) _eq-wnwkv Hm^v Zn t^m kvin - Ballooning of the Foreskin - ]p-cp-j-enw-k-øns ]pd- 23

14 tø-bv p Zzmcw sndp-xm-hp-itbm AS-bp-Itbm snøp- Xv ImcWw aq{xsamgn- ptºmƒ enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øn\pw enwk-øns A{K-`m-K-Øn\pw CS-bn aq{xw kw`-cn- -s -Sp- Xv ImcWw enwkm{kw Hcp _eq t]mse ho p Akp-Jw). F n-ßs\ GXm-s m AkpJßfpw tnem-i Ωw snøm-sx-xs icn-bm- m ] p-sa v tumivs am ka n- p- p. KXy- can mø L -Øn am{xw tnem-i Ωw snømw F v am{xw. Nne {]ta-ltcm-kn-i-fnepw Nne hr - m-cnepw ImW-s -Sp "Lichen Sclerosis' F tcmk-øns `mk-ambn ImW-s -Sp Balatinis Xerotica Obliterans (BXO) F tcmkm-h-ÿ-bn am{x-amwv tnem-i Ωw Hcp NnIn sbt mww th n-h-cp- -Xv. 99 ix-am\w ss^tam-knkpw tnem-i Ωw IqSmsX tihew ÃntdmbvUv NnIn- - (Steroid Therapy) bneqssbpw I k th- nhv k P-dn-bn-eq-sSbpw icn-bm- mw F v kmcw. tumivs tpm v kn.su n-ã, tum. Uo FU, tum. e kvanøv, tumivs Inkn-RvP XpSßnb-h tnem-i Ω- Øn\v FXnsc Xß-fpsS sh_vssk- pifn-eq-ssbpw ]pkvx-i-ß-fneq-ssbpw cwkøv h o- p tumivs am-cn Nne-cm-Wv. Ign 25 h j-øn-\p- n Ata-cn- -bnse tnem-i Ω-Øn\v Cc-bmb 60 aney c n-xm- ƒ Xß-fpsS a sf tnem-i Ω-Øn\v Cc-bm- n F {]Xn FSp- m-\p Xt Sw ImWn p F -dn-bptºmƒ _p n-bp- -h v B sxmen-bpss amlmflyw a\- n-em- Ipw. tnem-i Ω-Øn-eqsS \mw AdpØpam p- Xv tihew \n m-camb Hcp sxmen- jvwa. ]ns tbm sszhw \ Inb al-ømb A\p-{K-l-ß-fn-sem- mb ssewknimkzm-z-\-øn-\m-h-iy-amb AXn hnin-jvs-amb Rc-ºp-Ifpw t]in-ifas-ßp Hcp "sslsiv' N Ωam-Wv. (Hytech Skin). ssewkni thgvn-bn kv{xo pw ]pcp-j\pw Hcp-t]mse Imtam-±o-]-I-amb (Erotic) Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-tØmfw Rc- 24 ºp-I-fp, Cem-kvXnI KpW-ß-fp (Elastic Property) t]in-iƒ AS-ßnb dnuvpvuv _m v (Taylors Ridged Band) {^o\m _m Uv (Frenar Band) ankvt\-gvkv tim -k (Meissners Corpuscle) F nh AS-ßnb AXn-hn-in-jvS-amb sxmenbmwv t^m kvin. CXn {^o\m _m pw dnuvpvuv _m Upw ]e ]pcp-j- m pw hf-scb-[niw Imtam-±o-]I i n-bp- -Xm-sW v (Highly Erogenous) A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp p. Cu `mkw ]e-t mgpw tnem-i Ω-Øn-eqsS ]q W-amtbm `mkn-i-amtbm \jvs-s -Sp p. \ΩpsS IÆpw aq pw \mhp-sams t]mse-øs Imtam-±o-]-\-Øn-\p-th n sszhw {]txyiw kwhn-[m\w snbv-xp- m- nb Hcp {]txyi Ah-bhw Xs -bmwv (Sense Organ) Cu t^m kniv F v tpm B.- sss-edpw kl-{]-h Ø-Icpw Ah-Im-i-s -Sp- p. tnem-i Ω-Øn-eqsS \jvs-s enwkm-{k-n Ωw ikv{x-{in-bbn-eqss t\sc-bm- m (Reconstructive Surgery, Uncircumcision etc) C v [mcmfw am -ß-fp- v. IqSmsX sk kven v (SENSLIP)t]mep Ir{Xna t^m kvin-\p-ifpw C v hn]-wn-bnep v F -dn-bptºmƒ ssewkn-i-th-gvnbv pw a pw B Ah-bhw AXns ]q Æcq-]-Øn \ne-\n t - -Xns Bh-iy-IX \ap v Duln- m-hp- txbp q. Htc kabw AI-tØbv pw ]pd-tø-b pw as- m-hp (Infolding & UnFolding) Cc- -]m-fn-i-fp (Double Layered) Hcp sxmenbm-w-xv. a\p-jy-i-co-c-øn I t]m-f-i-fnepw aq nepw hmbnepw (Np- n-ep-sam-s -bm-wv) kam-\-amb {]txy-i-x-i-fp sxmenbpw t«jva Ie-Ifpw(Mucosa) AS-ßnb `mk-߃ ImWp- -Xv. Imdns bpw _ n-s bpsams ap h-iøv m n\p api-fn LSn- n- n- p ssh -dp-iƒ \mw {i n- n-cn- pw. ap h-isø m n ] n- n-sn- p Agp pw Nfnbpw s]msn-]-s-e-ß-fpw sh -Øns klm- 25

15 v b-tømss B ssh (Xq-hme t]mse XpS- p km[-\w) XpS v hrøn-bm- p- p. Aßns\ hml-\-ß-fpss ap h-isø m Ft mgpw hrøn-tbmspw shsn-t mspw (Fresh & Clean) \n m B ssh klm-bn- p- p. AXp-t]m-se-X-s -bmwv I t]m-f- Ifpw enwkm-{k-n Ω-hp-sam-s. sszhw a\p-jy\v \ Inb AXn-hnin-jvS-amb Hcp hc-zm-\-amwv IÆpw ImgvNbpw. IÆp-wImgvNI-fpan- mø Cu temi-sø p-dn v H p Nn n- p-t\m- q. Xe-t m-dn-tebv p Hcp P\-hm-Xn-em-bn- mwv tumivs am IÆp-Isf \ap v ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øp- -Xv. (A window to the Brain) B "Infn-hm-Xn-eneqsS' \ap v AI-tØbv pw ]pd-tøbv pw "FØn-'t\m- mw. a\pjy-i-co-c-øns F m \nb-{ -Wm-[n-Im-c-ß-fp-ap G hpw {][m- \-s `mk-amb Xe-t m-dn\v hcp GXm-s m amc-i-tcm-k-ß-fpssbpw XpS w IÆn-eq-sS-bp Hcp t\m -Øn-eqsS Hcp hnz- -tum- IvS v Is -Øm Ign-bp- p. Hcp ]msv A]-I-S-ßfpw `oj-wn-ifpw \ne-\n p sxm -SpØ ]cn-x-ÿn-xn-bn \n pw Xe-t mdns\ th s -Sp-Øp- Xv B "Nn p-pm-eiw' am{x-am-sw v kmcw. AXp-sIm- p-xs B IÆns\ kwc- n- m a\p-jys {]Ir- Xn-bn-eqsS sszhw AXn-a-l-Ømb Ipsd kwhn-[m-\-߃ snbvxn- p- v. F p-i-fmepw(skull) t]in-i-fmepw(occular Muscles) I t]mf-i-fmepw(eye lid) Hs Np -s v hfsc kpc- n-x-amb Hcp he-b- Øn-emWv \ΩpsS IÆp-Iƒ ÿnxn snøp- -Xv. I t]m-f-iƒ ( an\p- n- kpam Fgp-]-tXmfw XhW IÆns\ XpS v hrøn-bm- n-sim- n-cn- p p. IÆp-I-fpsS kwc- -W-Øn AXn-{]-[m-\- amb Hcp ÿm\w I t]m-f-iƒ p-s v kmcw. IÆp- -\o {KŸnbn- \n v D ]m-zn- n- -s -Sp IÆp-\o-cns klm-b-tømss IÆp-I-fpsS tim Wn-bbpw sd n-\bpw AS- -ap ap `mkw Ft mgpw hrøn-tbm-ssbpw shsp-t m-ssbpw (Fresh & Clean) \n m I t]m-f-iƒ klm-bn- p- p. Xo s]m -tet m A]- 26 S-I-ß-fntem I t]m-f-iƒ \jvs-s - m ico-c-øns a v `mkøv \n v sxmen-sb-spøv I t]m-fisf ]p\ \n-ωmww snøm-dp v. tisp-h I t]m-f-iƒ dn -b snøm A[n-Ihpw D]tbm-Kn- -p Xv enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øn \n p sxmen-bm-sw- -dn-bptºmƒ B sxmen-iƒ XΩn-ep kmayw \ap v a\- n-em-ipw.(re Costructive Surgery - Skin Grafting) I t]m-f-isft]m-se-x-s -bmwv a\p-jys enwkm-{k-`m-ksø s]mxn- p-sim- p enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øn-s bpw {]h Ø-\w. ]pcpj enwk-øns {XntIm-Wm-Ir-Xn-bn-ep A{K-`m-KsØ (Glans) B N Ωw ]e coxn-bn-epw kwc- n v \ne-\n Øp- p. enwk-øns A{K-`m-K-Øp cxn-kp-j-zm-b-i-amb Imtam-±o-]-I-amb Hcp-]mSv Rc-ºp-Iƒ AXns ]cn-]q Æm-h-ÿ-bn kwc- n v \ne- \n Øm B enwkm-{k-n Ωw AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. tnem-i Ωw snøp- -txm-sp-iqsn B c m-i-hnw \jvs-s -Sp-Ibpw enwkm{kw (Glans) ASn-bp-Sp- n-s bpw hkv{x-ß-fpss ]cp- `mk-ß-fn X n \nc- -c-amb L j-w-øn\pw Dc-k-en\pw hnt[-b-am-ip- p. A -co- - Ønse Db Dujvamhpw enwkm-{ksø hc- -Xm- p- p. ImcWw t^m kvinkn-s bpw m kn-s bpw ASn-`m-KØv \n pw {khn- s -Sp kvsa (Smegma) F t]cn Adn-b-s -Sp hgp-h-gp- p Hcp {Zh ]Zm w enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øns klm-b-tømss Ft mgpw enwkm-{ksø an\p-khpw arzp-ehpw Cu -hp-ap Hcp ]pø Ah-ÿ-bn \ne-\n Øp- p. tnem-i Ωw snøp- -txm- Sp-IqSn B c m-i-hnw \jvs-s -Sp-Ibpw enwkm{kw _mly-h-xvicn- -s -Sp-Ibpw (Externalization) F -t bv pw ]pd-øm-ip-ibpw AXp-hgn Icm- -ss\-tk-j\v(keratinization) hnt[-b-am-ip-ibpw B sxmen A ]w ]cp- -\mbn amdp-ibpw snøp- p. Cu Ahÿ XpS-cp- -Xn-\m m kn-ep (enwkm{k `mk-øp ) Rc-ºp-IfpsS kwth-z\ a-xbpw Imtam-±o-]\ {]h Ø-\hpw ]Ip-Xn- 27

16 tbmfw Ipd-bp- -Xmbn tumivs am A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp p. Nne {]txyi kμ `-ß-fn am\-kni ]ncn-ap-dp w aqetam AkpJw Imc-W-am-tbm, Nne acp- p-iƒ Ign- p- -Xp-aq-e-tam kv{xoi-fpss tbm\o\mfw hc- p-t]m-im-dp- v. sxm hc- p-t]m- Ip- -Xp-t]mse (Xerostomia) AØcw L -ß-fn enwkm-{k- N ΩØns bpw m kn-s bpw (enwkm-{køn-s -bpw) ASn-`m-K-Øp- \n v {khn- -s -Sp B simgp- p {Zh-]-Zm w CW-bpsS tbm\o-\m-fsø Cu hpw am ±-hhpw D -Xm- p- p. (Dan-\o (Saliva) hmbv p- n Cu hpw am ±hhpw \ne\n Øp- -Xpt]mse) tnem-i Ωw snbvx-h-cn ]e pw Ir{Xn-a-amb Huj-[- ßfpw Hmbn-ep-Ifpw(Oil) Hs L jww Ipd- m eq{_n- mbn (kvt\-l-te-]-\-am-bn) D]-tbm-Knt n-h-cm-dp v F Xpw B sxmen-bpss {]m[m\yw \ap v Im n-ø-cp- p. tnem-i Ωw snø-s enwkw hfsc o Bbn-cn pw Fs mcp hnizm-k-ap- v. km[m-c-w-k-xn-bn enwkm{k N Ω-Øns AI-sØ ]mfnbpw (Mucosa) m kns ASn-`m-K-Øp\n pw (Tysons Gland) {khn- p B simgp- p {Zmh-Ihpw (Smegma) aq{x- Øns Awihpw ip -Øns Awihpw _mivso-cn-b-ifpw arx-timi-ßfpw s]msn-]-s-e-ßfpsams tn v enwkm{k N Ωw hrønti-sm-hm-dp- v. Nne-t mƒ AXv Zp K- -ap- -Xm-hm-dp- v. Znhkw ct m aqt m XhW Igp-Ip- -txmss B {]iv\-hpw- ]-cn-l-cn- m-hp- -tx-bp- p. A msx enwkw hrøn-bm-im enwkw apdn- mte ] q F hnizmkw sx m-sw mwv tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\- Xnsc {]Xn-I-cn- p tumivs am-cpss A`n-{]m-bw. enwkm{k N Ω- Øns AIØv ImW-s -Sp Smegma F {ZmhIw Hcp "tamiw' km[-\-a-. AXv sszh-z-ø-amb H mwv. AXv sszh-øns krjvs-nl-s-\-bpss `mkw Xs -bm-wv. B simgpø {Zmh-I-Øn 28 Hcp-]mSv KpW-ß-fp-s v hnz-kv A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp-tºmƒ {]txy- In- pw. hmbv\m- -a-i- m hmb-i-gpin hrøn-bm- p- -Xp-t]mse enwkm-{k-n Ωw IgpIn hrøn-bm- m Ip n-isf ]Tn- n- p-ibmwv c n-xm- ƒ sntø- -Xv. {[ph-{]-tz-i-ß-fnepw ssixy-cm-py-ß-fnepw AXp-t]mse Db {]tz-i-ß-fnepw (h-b-\m-sv, Du n, simsss- -\m, lnam-e-b Xmgvhc) km[m-cw I p-h-cm-dp "lnalxn' bn (Frost Bite) (A-XnssiXyw aqe-ap thz-\ sam p-kq-nn-sim v IpØp- -Xp-t]m-sebp IS- nepw snmdn- n-epw) lna-l-xn-bn \n v enwkm{k `mksø ( m kn-s\) enwkm{k N Ωw kwc- n- p- p. tnem-i Ωw aqew ]pcp-j-enw-k-øns hen w KWy-ambn Ipd-bp p F pw Nne tumivs am A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p. ImcWw Adp-Øp-am- -s -Sp B sxmen ]pcp-j-enw-k-øns Xmgv`m-KsØ sxmen-bn \n pw hyxy-kvx-ambn Cc ]mfn-i-fp- -Xm-Wv(Doublelayered). ]pdsø ]mfn km[m-cw sxmenbpw (Skin) AIsØ `mkw t«jva N Ω-hpw (Mucosa) BWv. Aßs\ t\m p-tºmƒ ]pcp-j-enw-k-øns samøw sxmen-bn GXm v ]Ip-Xn-tbmfw `mk-amwv tnem-i Ω-Øn-eqsS \jvs-s -Sp- -Xv. B Adp-Øp-am- - s -Sp sxmen-bnse c - p-g-ep-iƒ (sn-dnb [a-\n-ifpw knc- Ifpw) tn Øp-h- m ssaep-i-tfmfw Zqc-ap- m-ip-a-t{x. CsXmcp AXn-i-tbm n Ie {]kvxm-h-\-bmbn \ap p txm mw. F nepw Hcp {]txyi {]h Ø-\-Øn\p th n kwhn-[m\w snbvxp- m- n-bn- p Hcp b{ -Øns GsX- nepw Hcp `mkw tism-hp- Itbm \jvs-s -Sp-Itbm snbvxm B b{ -Øns {]h Ø\ a- X -Ip-dbpw F Xv kmam-\y-_p- n-bp- -h v a\- n-em-hp Hcp Imcy-am-Wv. AXp-t]mse ssewkni Bh-iy-Øn-\mbn sszhw \ Inb Ah-b-h-Øn \n v Hc w apdn- p-am- n-bm ssewkni 29

17 {]h Ø-\-Ønepw ssewknimkzm-z-\-ønepw Hcp t]mcmbva \ap v {]Xo- n- mw. tnem-i Ωw snbvxm ssewkni thgvn-bpss ka-b-]-cn[n IqSpw, io{l-kvj-e\w Hgn-hmIpw Fs m-cp anyym-[m-cw Nne kp n aue-hn-amcpw Zp a-{ -hm-zn-ifpw apdn-ssh-zy- mcpw {]N-cn- n- m-dp- v. Cu [mcw XnI pw sx m-wv. ssewkni thgvn-bpss ssz Lyhpw ]mc-ay-xbpsams `mcym-` Øm- - m-cpss am\- kn-ihpw imco-cn-i-hp-amb Btcm-KysØ B{i-bn- m-wn-cn- p- - Xv. CXn G hpw {][m-\w am\-kn-i-amb Btcm-Ky-am-Wv. bmsxmcp am\-kni ]ncn-ap-dp- -hp-an- mø ss j-\n- m-ø kwxr-]vx-cm-b a p- -h v ]mc-sh-bv m-ø \njvi-f- -cmb Zº-Xn-am-cmWv ssewkn-ix AXns F m A -Ønepw ]q Æambn Bkz-Zn- p- -Xv F -dn-bp-i...! tnem-i Ωw ]pcp-j-enw-k-øns \ndw amdm\pw Imc-W-am- Ip- p. km[m-c-w-k-xn-bn \oe-tem-lnx h Æ-ap (Venous Purple) ]pcp-j-enwkw Dc-k-en\pw L j-w-øn\pw Db Dujvamhn-\p-sams hnt[-b-ambn AXns ]pxp-abpw an\p-khpw am ±hhpw Cu hpw \jvs-s v (Keratinization aqew) Hcp-Xcw (Dark Grey) Nmc-\n-d-ap- -Xmbn amdp- p. Aan-X-amb c -{km-hw, tjm v (Hypovolumic Shock) acww (SIDS- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) AWp-_m-[, ssewkn-i-ssh- Ir-X-߃ (Sexual Perversions, Homo Sexualism, Mesogyny etc.) Imtam-±o-]\ i n-bn-ep (Erogenous) Ipdhv, ssewkni thgvn-bnep kwth-z-\- -a-x-bn-epw, kv] i-\- -axbn-ep-ap Ipd-hv, ]pcpj enwk-øns d hen w Ipd-b F n-ßs\ sndpxpw hep- Xp-ambn ap -Øn-sb-t mfw Imc-W-ß-fmWv tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\-Xn-sc tumivs am ]e-t mgpw FSp-Øp-Im- p- -Xv. 30 Npcp- -Øn tnem-i Ω-Øn bmsxmcp ax-hp-an-, imkv{xhp-an-. BsI-bp- Xv alm h -Øcw am{xw. "A n-i-f AÆms PmfyX' am{xw. tnemi Ωw snbvx ]pcp-js enwkw Cd-Iv Uv tã n (Erected State) ImWm \ `wkn-bp-s v (Visual Signal for Sexual Arousal) Imen-t^m Wnb kn n-bnse \mev thiy-iƒ A`n-{]m-b-s - Xv am{x-amwv Ct mƒ tnem-i ΩsØ A\p-Iq-en- p- -h v ]d-bm-\p GI \ymbw. tim SmIvSv se kp-iƒ (Contact Lenses) kq n- p-sh- m\pw Aaq-ey-ß-fmb cxv\-߃ Hfn- n- p-i-s-øm\pw (I- - -S-Øv) Nne hncp-x- m B enwkm{k N Ωw D]-tbm-Kn- p p F -dn-bp- Xpw IuXp-I-ap Imcyw-X-s -b-t...? CubSpØ Ime-Ømbn \h-pmx inip- -fn \S-Øn-h-cp tnem-i Ωw (Infant Circumcision) \ΩpsS \m n hfsc IqSp-X-embn-s m- n-cn- p- p. kp n appm-lnzv Pam AØv IpSpw-_-ß-fn Hcp ^mj-s\-t mww bmsxmcp XXz-Zo- tbm ho p-hn-nm-ctam C msx hfsc eml-h-tøm-sp-iq-sn-bmwv Cu IncmX \S-]Sn \S- Øn-s m- n-cn- p- -Xv. \h-pmx inip- ƒ v thz\ A\p-`-h-s - Sp- n Fs mcp anyym-[m-cwbpw Zº-Xn-Iƒ n-s-bn {]N-cn- n- -s -Sp- p. CXv sx m-sw- mwv Ata-cn- -bnse ]e Kth-j-Icpw inip-tcmk hnz-kv - mcpw (American Academy of Paediatrics) A`n- {]m-b-s -Sp- -Xv. tnem-i Ω-Øn nc-bmb \h-pmx inip- -fpss c -Øn ImW-s -Sp πmkva tim n-tkm-fns (Plasma Cortisol) B[n-Iyw, Aan-X-amb lrz-b-an-sn v (Increased Heart rate) D wssi hnb (Palmar Sweating) XpS-ßnb e -W-߃ B Ip n-iƒ \nc- cw i -amb thz\ A\p-`-hn- p-ibpw am\-kni ]ncn-ap-dp- - ØnepamsW- -Xns kqn-\-bmbn Ah A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p. ape- 31

18 mepw ape-bq- -s Sep-sams \ΩpsS Ip p-ß-fpss P m-h- Im-i-am-b-Xp-t]mse Ah-cpsS enwkm-{k-`m-k-øp B hnin-jvsamb N Ωw kwc- n v \ne-\n Øn-s m-sp- pi F p Xpw c n-xm- -fpss _m y-xbpw \ΩpsS Ip p-ß-fpss P- m-h- ImihpamsW- v Adn-bpI. B sxmen v bmsxmcp Ipg- hpw D - Xmbn Is -Øm \n߃ v km y-a A m-lp-hns krjvsn- L-S-\-bn bmsxmcp Ipg- hpw Is -Øm \n߃ v Ign-bp-Ibn F v Jp -B\pw aplωzv \_nbpw Bh Øn- m-h Øn v ]d ÿnxn v {]txy-in- pw. BIm-ihpw `qanbpw Ah- n-s-bn-ep- -Xpw aæn-\-sn-bn-ep- Xpw a\pjy ico-c-hp-sams ]S- Xv A m-lp-hm-sw pw Fßs\ t\m n-bmepw A m-lp-hns krjvsn-l-s-\-bn Fhn-sSbpw Hcp Ipg- hpw Is -Øm \n߃ v Ign-bp-I-bn F pw Jp -B Bh Øn p ]d-bp- p. (67:3,4, 64:3, 51:21, (30:30) 40: :1, 82:6,7, 95:4, 20:6,8, 20:50, 27:88) Fhn-sS-sb- nepw h Ipg- hpw \n߃ I n- p-s - n AXv a\p-jys A\ym-b-amb ssii-s-ø aqeam-sw v Jp -B ]d- Xpw \mtam p-i. (30:36, 42:30) tnem-i Ωw snøp- -txm-sp-iqsn Ip n-i-fpss BIm-c-`w-Knbpw Ipd-bp- -Xmbn _p n-bp c n-xm- ƒ A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p. aq p \mep hb v {]mb-ap Ip n-isf tnem-i Ω-Øn-\p -apºpw tijhpw I n p c n-xm- ƒ v B "\ -k-xyw-' a-\- n-emhpw. hnip Jp -Bt\m apl-ωzv \_ntbm ]Tn- n- Xv ]Tn- msx A_q-lp-ssd-dbpw apb-hn-bbpw IpØn-h "Alvep- p- Øv' F {]ÿm-\-øns ax-{`m pw axm- -Xbpw ImcWw aøp-]n-sn amxm- ]n-xm- ƒ pw kp n appm-lnzv PamAØv aue-hn-am pw am{xta tnem-i Ω-Øns Zqjy-^-e-߃ F{X ]d- p-sim-sp-ømepw Zln- m-xn-cn- p-i-bp- p. 32 tnem-i Ωw Hcp {]iv\ ]cn-lm-c-a-. bym -Øn AXv Hcp-]mSv {]iv\-ß-fpss Bcw`w Ipdn- p-i-bm-sw v tumivs am A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p. tnem-i Ω-Øn-eqsS Btcm-Ky-hm\mb Hcp Ip n-bpss G hpw \ Hc-h-b-h-Øns - enw-k-øn-s kºq Æ Btcm-Ky-ap {]h Ø-\- -a-am-b Hcp sxmen-bmwv apdn- p- I-f-bp- -Xv. CXp Ip p-ß-tfmsv snøp G hpw henb Hcp {Iqc-X-bm-Wv. a\p-jym-h-imi ewl-\-hp-am-wv. _me-th-esb ("Child Abuse') \ncp- m-l-s -Sp-Øp `c-w-iq-s-ßfpw _p n-pohn-ifpw Ip p-߃ v t\sc-bp Cu A{I-ahpw FXn t - -Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm- p-xs tnem-i ΩsØ \ncp- m-l-s -SptØ- Xv _p n-bp Hmtcm c n-xm-hn-s bpw tumivs am-cpssbpw `c-w-iq-s-øn-s bpw Npa-X-e-bm-sW v DOC (Doctors Opposing Circumcision) A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p. Jp Bt\m apl- ΩZv \_ntbm amxri ImWn- mø Hcp A\m-Nm-c-amWv tnem- I Ωw F -Xp-sIm pw AXn bmsxmcp imkv{xo-b-x-bp-an F v sxfn- -Xp-sIm pw Hfn- p-in-s- p sndp-xpw- h-ep-xpam-b- H-cp-]mSv A]-I-S-߃ (Hidden Trauma) AXn D v F - Xp-sIm pw Jp -B kp Øv skmssk n Ip p-ßfnse tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\-Xnsc (Non Therapeutic Infant Circumcision) tims-xnsb kao-]n- m Xocp-am-\n hnhcw kk-t mjw Adnbn- -s. 33

19 "tnem-i Ωw A\n- m-aniw' F -Xns Jp -B-\nI sxfn-hp-iƒ Jp -B BsI ]cn-tim-[n- m tnem-i ΩsØ t{]m m-ln- n- p Hcp {]kvxm-h\ t]mepw ImWm km y-a F Xv {it b-am-wv. am{x-a-, tnem-i ΩsØ ]tcm- -ambn FXn p [mcmfw {]tbm-k-߃ Jp -B-\n ImWp-Ibpw snøp p. BImihpw `qanbpw AXn-\-Sn-bn-ep- Xpw aæn-\-sn-bn-ep- Xpw a\p-jy-ico-c-hp-sa mw krjvsn- Xv km m sszh-am-sw v Jp -B ]dbp p.. B sszh-øns krjvsn-l-s-\-bn Fhn-sSbpw Hcp Ipg- tam \yq\-xtbm Is -Øm \n߃ v km y-a F pw Jp - B Bh Øn p ]d-bp- p. am{x-a-, a\p-jys\ G hpw \ ico-c-l-s-\-tbm-sp-iq-sn-bmwv \mw krjvsn- n- p- Xv F pw Jp -B DW Øp p. sszh-øns krjvsn-l-s-\-bn Fßs\ t\m nbmepw Xncn pw adn pw t\m n-bmepw Hcp Ipg- hpw ImWm \n߃ v km y-a F v Jp -B Bh Øn p hy - am p p. At mƒ sszh-øns G hpw al-ømb Hcp krjvsnbmb a\p-jys G hpw al-ømb Hc-h-b-h-Øns enwk- Øns A -Øp B N Ω-Øn\v F p Ipg- -amwv \n߃ ImWp- Xv F mwv Jp -B hnizm-kn-i-fmb \ap v kp n-itfmsv tnmzn- m-\p- -Xv. AXn-\m A mlp \ Inb B Aaqey-amb N Ωw A\m-h-iy-ambn If v a - m-cm-hm-xn-cn- p-i. BsI Cu tnem-i Ω-hm-Zn-Iƒ v ]d-bm-\p- Xv A_p-lp-ssd-d- 34 bpss Hcp a lzokmwv. "C{_mlnw \_n-bpss tnem-i Ωw Ign- Xv F ]-Xm-asØ hb- n-em-bn-cp p. AsXmcp timsm-ensim- m-bn-cp p' F I lzo-km-wxv. F m C{_mlnw \_n Hcp axm-nm-c-sa \ne v tnem-i Ωw snbvxn- n-. Ds - n AXv Jp -B-\n ImWp-am-bn-cp- p. (87:19, 26:196, 39:65...) C{_mlnw \_n-bpss "al-ømb kp Øv' ]n ]- n-bmwv \n߃ AXv snøp- -sx- n 80- masø hb- n snbvxm t]msc...? At m-tg pw "timsm-en-sim v simøm ' ]mi-øn Hcp ]Spacw IWs "CjvS ' hf p ] -en- p-am-bn-cn- pw...! \_n-bpss Ime-tØm, a w ^Xvln Iq w-iq- -ambn C m-an-te v h ]pxphn-izm-kn-itfm Cu tnem-i Ωw snbvx-xmbn sxfn-bn- m Hcp hmtdme lzo-kp-t]m-ep-an-. am{x-a-, \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS s]mt ma\ ]u{x- m-cm-bn-cp l, lpss F o Ip n-i-fpss tnem- I Ωw snbvx-xn\pw {]_-e-amb hnizm-k-tbm-ky-amb Hcp sxfnhp-an-. \_n-bpss k X kl-nm-cn-i-fm-bn-cp Aen, Da, Dkvam, A_q-_- XpS-ßn-b-hcpw Cu A\m-Nmcw snbvx-xmbn bmsxmcp sxfn-hp-an-...! aq m \_nbpw (Moses) lmdq \_nbpwcukm \_nbpw tnem-i ΩsØ FXn Ø-Xn\v [mcmfw sxfn-hp-i-fp- p- Xm-\pw...! C m-an hnip Jp -B-\n sszhn-i-amb sndpxpw hep-xpamb Hcp-]mSv \nb-a-ß-fp- v. B hn[n-hn-e- p-i-sfm pw s]mxpsh Ip n-iƒ v _m[-i-a F -XmWv Jp -B-\n \n pw a\- n-emhp Hc- px hkvxp-x. F m {]mb-]q Øn-bm-Ip- -txmss _p n-bp-d- p- -txmss am{x-am-wv Jp -B-\nI \nb-a-߃ A\pk-cn- m Ah _m y-ÿ-cm-ip-i-bp- p. ImcWw Ip n-i-sfbpw apxn -h-scbpw ax-\n-b-a-߃ A\p-k-cn- n- p Imcy-Øn c p X n-em-bn- mwv Jp -B ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øp- -Xv. (24:58,59). Cu Jp - 35

20 B-\nI \nb-a-øns ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv ]Øp hb- n\p Xmsgbp Ip n-i-sf-s m v t\mº-\p-jvtn- n- ldm-am-sw v Camw A_p l\o-^bpw auehn tni- q-cp-sams A`n-{]m-b-s -Sm Imc- Ww. CsX mw "t\mºv', "{hxm-\p-jvtm\w C m-an ' F o {KŸß-fn hni-z-am- n-b-xn-\m AXn-hnsS Bh Øn- p- n-. Npcp- -Øn Ad_n `mj-bn-ep Jp -B kz w amxr- `m-j-bn ]Tn v a\- n-em- msx "Rms\mcp C mw ax-hn-izmkn-bmwv, Rms\mcp ap o- -amwv' F p ]d-bepw A -a-dn-bmsx Ad_n `mj-bn {]m n- p- Xpw A -a-dn-bmsx Ad_n `mj-bn \a-kvi-cn- p- Xpw A hpw Bi-bhpa-dn-bmsX Ad_n `mj-bn "{KŸw Npa- p Igp-X-Isf t]mse' Jp - B HmXp- Xpw XnI Jp -B [n m-chpw in v t]msebp Hcp Ip -hp-amwv F Jp B-\nI ]mtw \mw C\n-sb- nepw ]Tn- p-i. (47:24, (38:29), (25:30,73) 10:100, 17:36). Jp -B HmXp-I-bm-sW- n AXns A hpw Bi-bhpw IqSn Adn- n-cn- -Ww. As - n Adn-bp- -h-tcmsv tnmzn p ]Tn- -Ww. A m-ø-] w sszh-tim-]-øn\pw sszhni in pw \mw hnt[-b-cmipw F -dn-bp-i. A m-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-Øm C v [mcmfw Jp -B ]cn-`m-j-iƒ \ap v e`y-am-wv. [mcmfw Zp hym- Jym-\-ßfpw hymp hni-zo-i-c-w-ßfpw Hmtcm I nbpw Ah-c-hcpsS Jp B ]cn-`m-j-i-fn ASn- p-dn- mbn \ In-bn- p-s - nepw B Zp hym-jym-\-ß-sf mw Hcp Xpd N -bn-eqss ]pd-øp-nm-sn- m\pw Xncp-Øm\pw Jp -B hnizm-kn-iƒ v Ign-bpw...! Npcp- - Øn temim-\p-{k-ln-bmbn Atd-_y-bn h \_n-sbbpw Ad_n `mj-bn-en-d-ßnb Jp -B-\n-s\bpw kz w amxr-`m-j-bn ]Tn v a\- n-em- msx C mw ax-øn "saº jn-s -Sp m ' Hscm hntz- 36 in pw (hn-izm-kn pw) ]msp- m-bn-cp- n ]msn- Imc-Ww, Cw ojv `mj am{x-a-dn-bp si -Un v Ad_n `mj-bn-en-d-ßnb Jp -B Fßs\ DZvt_m-[-\-am-Ipw. lnμn am{x-a-dn-bp Cμn-c v Ad-_nbn-en-d-ßnb Jp -B Fßs\ KpWw snøpw? ae-bmfw am{x-a-dnbp cma\pw IrjvW\pw Ad-_n-bn-en-d-ßnb DZvt_m-[\w Fßs\ a\- n-em-ipw? AXp-sIm- mwv hmb-\bpw hmb-\m-`ym-k-hp-sams H m-asø C mw Imcy-ambn Jp -B BZyw Xs ]Tn- n- -Xv. Npcp- -Øn apl-ωzv \_nsb A mlp a -bn \ntbm-kn- Xv temiw apgp-h "A p t\c \a-kvim-cw' -sim v \nd-bv mt\m temiw apgp-h A p-t\cw _m v simspøv i_vz-ap-j-cn-x-am- mt\m temi-øp P\-ßsf apgph Ad_n `mj-bn {]m n- n- mt\m temiw apgp-h "tnem-i Ω ikv{x-{inb \S- n-em- mt\m Bbn-cp- n- '. adn v sszhw Fs v icn- -dn-bmø A m-lp-hn-s\- p-dn v hni-e-amb Iptd Nn{X-ßfpw _nw_-ßfpw a\- n sh v Xmtem-en- n-cp B Im -d-_n-i-fpss hnizm-ksø hna-eo-i-cn- m\pw A m-lp-hn-s\- p-dn- p hy -amb Nn{Xw Ah v \ Im\pw Znhkw Hcp-t\-cw-t]mepw icn-bmbn {]m n- m-\-dn-bmø \nc- -c-ip- n-i-sf v temiw Ifn-bm- n-bn-cp Ad-_n-Iƒ n-s-bn icn-bmb sszh-hn-izm-khpw Hcp \a-kvimc coxnbpw (sh n-bmgvn Znh-ksØ PpapA \a-kvim-chpw B \-akvimcw t]mse-bp \nxy-\-a-kvim-c-ß-fp-am-bn-cp p \_n ]Tn- n {]m -\-Iƒ) hf Øn-sb-SpØv Ah v thzhpw hn m- \hpw ]Tn- n v A v C y-bnepw bqtdm- nepw ] n-ta-jy-bn-epsams D m-bn-cp kwkvim-c-k-º- -cmb Hcp P\-X-sb-t mse Ahsc Db Øm-\p-am-bn-cp- p. AXn \_n Xncp-ta\n Hcp ]cn-[nhsc hnp-bn- p-ibpw snbvxp. \_n P\n Atd-_y-bn Xs D m-bn-cp \-_nsb klm-bn- n-cp PqX IrkvXy ]WvUn- 37

21 X- msc Jp B hmt\mfw ]pi-gvøp- -Xp-Im-Wp-I. (3:113) (3:199) (3:75)...(5:82,83) a\p-jys\ Rm krjvsn- p. Ah\v G hpw \ - i-coc LS\ \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxp F v Jp -B ]d-bp- p. (ejzv le- v\ C km\ ^o Alvk-\-XJvhow 95:4,5) At mƒ G hpw at\m-lc-am-bxv F v Jp -B Xs ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Ønb B a\p-jy icoc-l-s-\sb hni-e-am- pi F -Xm-bn-cp p B snip-øm- m-cpss e yw. B enwkm-{k-n Ωw apdn- p-i-f-tb ico-c-`mkamsw- n A mlp AXv Xs krjvsn-l-s-\-bn Dƒs -Sp-Øptam...? t\ ark-ß-fmb H -I-Øn-s bpw BSn-s bpsams ImXp- Iƒ Iodn apdn v AS-bmfw sh p Hcp ]Xnhv Adn-_n-Iƒ p- m-bn-cp- psh v \mw t\csø kqnn- n- p-h-s m.. Ad-_n-I-fpsS B {Iqc IrXysØ Jp B FXn p-ibpw AXns\ \nin-xambn hna in- p-ibpw snøp- p- v. (4 : 118, 119 hn-\-߃ {i n- p-i.) "snip-øm Ah-tcmSv I n- p-tºmƒ Ah \m m-en- I-fpsS ImXp-Iƒ Iodn apdn- p- p. snip-øm Ah-tcmSv I n- p-tºmƒ Ah A m-lp-hns krjvsn Ae-t m-e-s -Sp-Øpw.' tihew Hcp hf Øp-ar-K-tØm-Sp Jp -B-\ns kao]\w CXmsW- n \ΩpsS ]n p-ip- n-i-fpss enwkm-{k-n Ωw tozn- p-i-fbm A m-lpthm dqkqtem A\p-h-Zn- ptam? Jp -B-\n-se- hmtdme lzo-kp-i-fn t]mepw hy -amb Hcp sxfn-hn- mø Hcp ss]im-nn-imnm-c-amwv Cu tnem-i Ωw F -dn-bp-i...! am{x-a-, Jp -B-\n ImWmØ ax-hn-[n-iƒ btyjvsw Xnc-s -Sp- phm\pw \S- n-em- phm\pw ap ow-iƒ v ]msn m F pw Jp -B {]txyiw hnhn-[ `mk-ß-fnepw hnhn[ ssien-i-fn-ep-ambn [mcmfw DW Øp- Ibpw snøp- p- v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn 68: 38 hn\w {i n- p-i. 38 tnem-i Ωw Jp -B hncp w F -Xn\v {]_-e-amb Nne sxfn-hpiƒ -IqSn...! hnip Jp -Bt\m apl-ωzv \_ntbm ]Tn- n- mø A\m- Nm-c-ß-fmWv 5 t\chpw 6 t\chpw 3 t\chpsams -bp _m p-hnfnbpw Jp -B-\n C mø 5 t\c \a-kvim-chpw tnem-i Ω-hpsam-s. \_n-bpss (_n-em-en-s ) bym _m phnfn (sh nbmgvn Znhkw _nem hnfn- n-cp A z-em... A z-em... F _m v hnfn) C pw a -bnepw azo-\-bnepw dbm-znepsams -bp- v. tni- q aue-hn-bpss {KŸ-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw Jp -B kp Øv skmssk- n-bpss a v {]kn- o-i-c-w-ß-fn-eq-ssbpw CsXms R߃ apºv Gsd hni-zo-i-cn- -Xm-Wv. Jp -Bt\m apl-ωzv \_ntbm ]Tn- n- mø kp n-i-fp-tsbpw inbm- -fp-tsbpw B _m v hnfnbn ]tømfw sx p-ifps v tni- q auehn ka n- n v h jw 25 Ign- p. C p-hsc H appm-lnzv kp n Pam-AØp aue-hn-bpw _m nse Hc-_- -sa- nepw \ymbo-i-cn v adp-]sn ]dbm cwkøv h n- n-. F n v bmsxmcp a\- m n pøp-an- msx 5 t\chpw 6 t\chpw 3 t\chpw kp n-ifpw inbm- fpw appmlnzpw Pam-AØpw kv]o -dn-eqss a -cn v _m v simsp-øp-sim- n-cn- p-i-bm-wv. dnbm-zv, Pn±, Zamw, JØo-^v, _lvssd (a-\m-a), tzml- -(J-Ø ) XpS-ßnb ] -W-ß-fn Htc kabw ]Øpw Ccp- 39

22 ]Xpw ] n-i-fn \n p- _m v hnfn-bmwv \ap v tiƒ m Ign-bp- -Xv. {]`m-x-ønse B Iq _m v Dd w ImcWw ]ecpw tiƒ mdn. ti m Xs km[m-cw kp n-ifpw appm-ln-zp-ifpw Dd w \n Øn ] n-bn-te v t]mim-dp-an-. A v t\csø \nkvimchpw A v t\csø _m v hnfnbpw "Bao ' ]d-b-ep-sams ap ow-i-fpss Bflo-b-X-bpsS t\ p A\m-hiyamb ssitb- -am-sw- n tnem-i Ωw ap o-i-fpss t\ p imco-cn-i-amb ssitø- -am-wv. CsXm v hni-z-am-t - -Xp- v. AXyp-Zm-c\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb Hcp A m-lp-hn-s\-bmwv Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_nbpw DS-\ofw ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øp- -Xv. a\pjy v IcpW snøpi F Xv Hcp _m y-x-bmbn Gs -SpØ Hcp A m-lp-hn-t\-bmwv Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_nbpw \ap v ]cn-n-bs -Sp-Øp- -Xv. GI-ssZ-h-Øn- hniz-kn- p-ibpw k I Ω-߃ snøp-ibpw snøp GXp hy n pw B sszhw kz hpw ]ctem-itam hpw Jp -B-\n-eqsS Ccp-\q- n-b-º-txmfw XhW hmkvzm\w snøp- p. [(2:62) (5:69) (5:9)... (95:6)] AhnsS a\p-jy GXv PmXn-bmWv, GXv ax- m-c-\mwv, F{X t\cw \a-kvi-cn- p- p, GXv coxn-bn \a-kvi-cn- p- p, GXv `mj-bn {]m n- p p Fs m pw Jp -B t\m n-bn- n-. GI-ssZh hnizm-khpw ]ctem-i-hn-izm-khpw ]tcm-]-im-c-{]-z-amb k I Ω-ß-fp-ap F m ax-ßfpw Jp -Bs ZrjvSn-bn C mw Xs...! F m A_plp-ssd-dbpw apb-hn-bbpw I -l-zo-kp-i-fn-eqss ]Tn- n- Xv IrXyambn A v t\cw ] n-bn t]mbn \a-kvi-cn- -W-sa pw IÆv 40 s]m \v t]mepw _m v hnfn-ti- m ] n-bn FØ \n _- - am-sw pw _m v ti m ] n-bn FØm-Ø-h-cpsS hosn\v Xo shbv -W-sa- p-am-wv. Jp -B-\n-t\bpw apl-ωzv \_n-tbbpw Ah- K-Wn- p-sim v B lzo-kp-isf H mw {]am-w-ambn hniz-kn F m kp n- -ap-pm-ln-zv- -P-am-AØv aue-hn-am-cpssbpw Ah-cpsS a fp-tsbpw hnizmkw A v t\cw ] n-bn t]mbn \a-kvi-cn- n- ns - n A mlp in n pw F p-x-s -bm-wv. Znh-khpw ] nbn t]mbn kwl-sn-x-ambn \a-kvi-cn- pi F Xv hnizm-kn-iƒ v A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-Wv F Jp -B-\nI ]mtw ]Tn- msx B I lzo-kp-isf am{xw hniz-kn kp n-iƒ s]mxpth \a-kvimc iq\ytcm kpam \a-kvim-c- mtcm Bbn. IrXy-ambn A v t\cw F pw ] n-bn t]mimø Xm Hcp ]q Æ ap o-a F Hcp [mcw (Hm-kvhmkv) Ahs a\- n hf-cm B hnizmkw Imc- W-am-bn. F m Znh-khpw ] n-bn t]mbn kwl-sn-x-ambn {]m n- pi F Xv A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW pw sh n-bmgvn Znhkw am{xamwv kwl-snx \a-kvim-c-øn-\v(-pp-apa \a-kvim-c-øn-\v) hnizm-kn-iƒ ] n-bn FtØ- Xv F v Jp -B\pw \_nbpw ]Tn- n- -t mƒ, sh n-bmgvn am{xw t]mcm, F m Znh-khpw IrXyw A v t\cw F m-hcpw (IÆv s]m t]mepw) ] n-bn h v \a-kvi-cn- -W-sa- mwv A_q-lq-ssd-dbpw apb-hn-bbpw \nb-a-am- n-b-xv. Aßns\ hcm-ø-h-cpss hosn\v Xo hbv -W-sa p hsc Ah \nb-a-am- n. Aßns\ A m-lphpw dkqepw ]Tn- n Jp - B-\nI \nbaw ]Tn- msx A_q-lp-ssd-d-bpsS I lzo-kp-iƒ 41

23 am{xw ]Tn kp n ap o-wiƒ Ah Adn-bmsX s]mxpsh Jp - B [n m-cn-ifpw kpam hnizm-kn-ifpw kpam \a-kvim-c- m-cpam-bn. ImcWw IrXy-ambn A v t\cw ] n-bn t]mbn \a-kvicn- m-ø-h-cmwv kp n- -ap-pm-ln-zv- -P-am-AØv {]ÿm-\- m-cn 95 ix-am-\hpw F -dn-bp-i. F m sndp w apxte ] n a{z- -Ifn sh v ]Tn- n- Xp {]Imcw "IrXy-ambn A v t\cw ] n-bn t]mbn kwl-sn-x-ambn {]m n- -em-wv C mw axw.' As - n Ah Im^n BWv. F m "al-ømb B C mw ax-\n-baw' X\n v ]q Æ-ambn C v hsc ]men- m Ign n n F v Hmtcmkp n ap-pm-lnzv Pam-AØv aue-hn-am-cpssbpw Ah-cpsS in n-sn-ifp-tsbpw a\: m n Ah-tcmSv a{ n- p- p. Ah-cpsS B a\- m n IpØv ImcWw Ah IqSp-X Nn n v {]iv\-ap- m- m-xn-cn- m\pw Alvvep p- Øv h Pam-AØv F A\m-Nmc ax-øn \n v Ah ]pdøv NmSm-Xn-cn- m\pw "A_q-lp-ssd-d-Iƒ' Xs as mcp "Bizmk\nbaw' Ah v D m n simsp-øp. AsX-s - t? "A v t\cw \a-kvi-cn- n- n-s - n Ipg- -an-. A v t\cw \akvi-cn- Ww F Hcp kn m- -sa- nepw a-\- n sh v ]pe Ø- Ww, A v t\cw \a-kvi-cn- p- -hsc hne- -cp-xv' F mwxv. "A v t\cw \a-kvi-cn- n- n-s - n Ipg- -an-. A v t\cw \akvi-cn- Jp -B hncp- -am-sw v {]kw-kn- p-ibpw Fgp-Xp- Ibpw snøp- -hsc sim Ww' F \nbaw D m- n-bxpw CtX "A_q-lp-ssd-d-Iƒ' Xs -bm-wv. Npcp- -Øn hnip Jp -B\pw \_n-bpss bym Ncn-{Xhpw ad v sh v sim v aqb-hn-bbpw 42 A_q-lp-ssd-dbpw Hcp "A v t\c kwl-snx \a-kvimcw' _em m-c-ambn azo-\-bnepw a -bnepw \S- n-em- n-bn pw Xs cmjv{so-b-amb F m kzm[o-\hpw kºøpw Iqen- - m-f-søbpw AXn-\p-]-tbm-Kn- n- pw aqbhnb-bpss A v t\csø kwl-snx \akvimcw \_n-bpss PpapA \a-kvimcw t]mse hf-cp-itbm A`nhr n {]m]n- p-itbm snbvxn. ImcWw A_p-lq-ssd-dbpw apbhn-bbpw X{ -]q Δw ]Sp-Øp-b Ønb "A v t\csø kwl-snx \a-kvimcw' Ah ]Tn- n AtX Kuc-h-Ønepw {]m[m-\y-ønepw kp n-iƒ FSp-Øn-cp- p-sh- n C v temi-øp F m ap ow ] n-i-fnepw Znh-khpw sh n-bmgvn Znh-k-tØ-Xp-t]mse A v t\chpw hnizm-kn-iƒ Xnßn \nd-bp-ambn-cp- p. ]t Aßns\ kw`-hn- n- n-...! Aßns\ kw`-hn- p- p-an-...! apb-hnb B \nbaw AXn-i- -ambn \S- n-em- nb kuzn Atd-_y-bn t]mepw Znh-khpw \a-kvimc ka-bøv \n _- n v ISIƒ AS- n- n v t]mepw apb-hn-b-bpss Xmh-gn- m-cmb apø-δam \n _- n v IS- Iƒ AS- n- n pw \_n-bpss "kze-hnfn' A v t\cw Aßm-Sn-bneqsS \S v \S- n-em- n-bn pw _em m-c-ambn ]nsn- p-sim- pt]mbn \a-kvi-cn- n- n pw shdpw A v ix-am\w hsc Bfp-Iƒ am{x-amwv AhnsS \nxy-p-am-a-øn\v ] n-bn FØp- Xv F dn-bp-i. \ΩpsS \m n-em-hs B \nxy-\-a-kvim-c-øn\v ]e kp n ] n-i-fnepw Bfp-Iƒ C mø Ah-ÿ-bm-Wp- Xv. ]e-t mgpw Camapw ap{inbpw Ah-cpsS in n-sn-ifpw ] n-bp-ambn _ -s v Pohn- p hnc-en FÆm-hp- -hcpw am{x-amwv AhnsS \nxy-p- 43

24 am-a-øn\v FØp- Xv. AXpw IrXy-ambn iºfw In p- -Xp-sIm- p-am-{xw...! AtX kabw Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_nbpw ]Tn- n sh n-bmgvn txmdp-ap PpapA \a-kvim-c-øn\v "apa-±n ' _m p-hn-fn- m ad- mepw hnizm-kn-iƒ Ipfn-s m-cpßn \ hkv{xw DSpØv BÀm-Z-tØmsS ] n-bn FØp- p. At mƒ ChnsS Ct mgpw hnp-bn v \n p Xv A m-lp-hns {]IrXn ax-amb C mw Xs -bm-sw- -dn-bp-i. Jp -B-\n-eqsS hnizm-kn-i-tfmsv PpapA -\-a-kvimc-øn\v hcm A m-lphpw dkqepw I ]n- -Xnt\- mƒ Kuc-h-tØmSpw i n-tbmspw IqSn-bmWv "A vt\c kwl- SnX \a-kvim-cøn\v' ] n-bn-se-øm A_q-lp-ssd-dbpw apb-hnbbpw lzo-kn-eqss ]Tn- n Xv F -Imcyw \mw {]txyiw Hm t - -Xp- v. Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_nbpw ]Tn- n Jp -B kp - Øns al-xzhpw A_q-lp-ssdd lzo-kp-i-fn-eqss ]Tn- n Alvep kp Øv h Pam-AØv F Atd-_y ]mc-ºcy kwkvimc kwc- W kwl-s-\-bpss ]m -c-øhpw tni- q auehn Xs {KŸ-ß-fnepS-\ofw hni-z-am- n-b-xn-\m AXn-hnsS Bh Øn- p- n-. Npcp- -Øn, A p-t\cw \a-kvi-cn- n- n-s - n in n- p- - -\-a-kvim-c-ß-fn H v sshin-bm in n- p- - -\-a-kvim-c- Øns "i tøm-^ tfm' at m H v sx n-bm in n- p \-akvim-c-øn\v apºv as-ºp-c v Im Igp-In-bn- n-s - n in n- p- - -A-d_n `mj-bn {]m n- n- n-s - n in n- p- - -\-a-kvi-cn- ptºmƒ a -bnse IA-_-bn-tebv v apjw Xncn- n- n-s - n in n- 44 p {Iqc-\mb Hcp A m-lp-hn-s\-bmwv {Iq-c-\mb Hcp sszhsø-bmwv Atd-_y kp n-iƒ l-zo-kn-eqss \ap v ]cn-n-b-s - Sp-Øn-Ø-cp- -Xv. AtX-k-abw a\p-jy-tcmsv Ft mgpw Icp-W-sNøp Zbm-]-c-\mb hniz-kn- p-sim v k I Ω-߃ snøp F m ax- m pw Hcp-t]mse kz hpw ]c-tem-itam hpw \ Ip Hcp A m-lp-hn-s\-bmwv, Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_nbpw \ap v ]cn-n-b-s -SpØn Xcp- -Xv. AXp-sIm- mwv Jp -Bt\m apl- ΩZv \_ntbm ]Tn- n- mø A p-t\c \a-kvimchpw _m pw Bao ]d-b-ep-sams ap owifpss Bflo-b-Xsb If- -s -Sp- Øp A m-lp-hns\ pdn- p bym Nn{Xw hni-e-am- p Bflo-b-amb Hcp ssii-s-ø-embn \mw Nn{Xo-I-cn- p- -Xv. AtXt]mse A m-lpthm Jp -Bt\m \_ntbm ]Tn n mø tnem- I Ωw Atd-_y PqX- msc A -ambn A\p-I-cn v \mw BN-cn v t]m -t mƒ \ΩpsS ]q Δn-I BN-cn v h -t mƒ AsXm-cp imco-cn-i-amb ssitø- -Ønepw \jvs-ønepw Iem-in- p...! Jp -B hnizm-kn-i-fmb R߃ Jp -B kp ØpImcmb R߃ Jp -B\pw apl-ωzv \_nbpw ]Tn- n- -Xp-t]mse (11:114) ]I-ens c - -ß-fnepw cm{xn-bnse BZy-bm-a-ß-fn-ep-ambn aq v t\cw \a-kvi-cn- p- Xpw sh n-bmgvn Znhkw IWni-ambn PpapA \a-kvi-cn- p- Xpw {]m n- p-tºmƒ a -bnse IA-_- bn-tebv v apjw Xncn- p- Xpw {]m -\-bn Ad_n `mj-bn-ep Jp -B-\n \n v {]mtbm-kn-i-am-bxv HmXp- Xpw, dwkm-\nse FÆs Znh-k-ßfn t\mºv A\p-jvTn- p- Xpw, km[y-am-sb- n 45

25 H v a Øv t]mbn l v snøp- Xpw tnem-i Ωw snøm-xn-cn- p- Xpw Rß-fpsS \_n-bpss Ncy (kp- -Øv) ]n ]- p- -Xns `mk-am-bn- m-wv. AXv Jp -B-\n \n v In p Rß-fpsS \_nbpss kxy-amb kp -Øp-I-fmWv. B Ncy-Iƒ am{x-amwv icn Fs mcp hmzhpw \ap- n-. Jp -B ]Tn- n- -Xp-t]mse tam - Øn-te-bv p At\Iw am K-ß-fn H v am{x-amwv Jp -B...! {InkvXp-a-Xhpw (ss n-fpw), PqX-a-Xhpw sslμh [ Ωhpw F mw GI-ssZ-h-Ønepw ]c-temi tam -Ønepw ]tcm-]-im-c-ap kxvi Ω-ß-fnepw A[njvTnX-am-b-Xp-sIm v Ah-sb mw Jp - Bs `mjbn C mw Zo Xs (im- n-am Kw Xs ) in v Hgn-hm- n-bm F mw H p-x-s. CsX mw \mw apºv hni-z-am- nb-xn-\m AXn-hnsS Bh Øn- p- n-. "C mw' F m Atd_y kwkvimca...! F m \ hkvxp fpw hnizmkniƒ p A\phZn s ncn p p (5:4,5) (7:157) (7:33) F p Jp B ]dbp p. AXpt]mse Ip Icsa p txm nb Hcp Imcyhpw snøcpsx pw, AXnt\mSv klicn cpsx pw Jp B DW Øp p. AXpsIm v `qanbnep F m \ kwkvimcßfptsbpw \ hi߃ kzmwioicn p Xn ap nwiƒ p sx n. `mcxob kwkvimcønepw bqtdm]y kwkvimcønepw, {Ko p kwkvimcønepw, Atacn kwkvimcønepw, Atd_y kwkvimcønepw ImWs Sp \ hi߃ kzmbøam p Xn ap owiƒ p sx n. B kwkvimcßfnse \ Xpw NoØbpamb Imcy߃ Hcp ]cn[n hsc Bt] nihpamwv F Imcyhpw \mw ad mxncn pi...! kv{xoiƒ ] ± [cn pi, ap ow ]pcpj am Xebn Fs nepw (sxm ntbm at m) [cn pi, tnemi Ωw snøpi, cmhpw ]Iepambn Iptd XhW \akvicn p sim ncn pi, 5Dw 6Dw XhW _m v simsp pi, kp Øp \a-kvimc-ßf\p-jvtn- pi, kp -Øp-t\m-ºp-I-f-\p-jvTn- p-i, XmSn-sh- p-i, dafm amkw 46 47

26 apgph t\mº\pjvtn pi (dafm\nse FÆs Znhkßfn t\mº\pjvtn m\mwv (Aøma aavzqzmøv) Jp B\pw aplωzv \_nbpw ]Tn n Xv) l pw, Dwdbpw snbvxpsim ncn pi F nßs\ Hcp]mSp Imcy߃ Atd_y kwkvimchpambn _ s pimwmw. F m CsXms \n _ amswt m apkvenamhm CsX mw AXymhiyamsWt m, [n mc ]q Δa msx Bcm[\Ifpt] n m \ciin bps t m Jp B\pw aplωzv \_nbpw FhnsSbpw ]Tn n p n. F m apbhnbbpw A_qlpssddbpw X{ ]camb Hc nadnbneqss \_n ]Tn n Jp B\nI kxy߃ ad phbv pibpw, Jp Bs hnizoicww F t]cn \_nbpss lzokpiƒ F t]cn Hcp c mw {]amwap m pibpw, B lzokpifneqss, Atd_y kwkvimchpw, ]mcºcyhpw, Nn mkxnifpw "C maniw' F t]cn temiøv ] ΔXoIcn v {]Ncn n pibpw snbvxp. CsX mw "A_qlpssddbpw C man \S KpcpXcamb A nadnifpw' F `mkøv \mw hnizoicn Xn\m ChnsS Bh Øn p n. Npcp Øn \ΩpsS thz {KŸamb Jp B Ad_nbnembXp sim pw aplωzv\_n Xncpta\n Atd_ybn P\n pibpw Pohn pibpw snbvxxp sim pw Atd_y kwkvimchpambn _ s Nne ]cma ißfpw \S]Sn {Iaßfpw Jp B\n ImWmw. AsXm pw C mw axøns ASnÿm\ {]amwamtbm, C mw axøns kvxw`amtbm Jp B\pw \_nbpw ]Tn n p n. Ad_n `mjbv pt]mepw a p `mjifn \n pw 48 hyxyÿambn Fs nepw "t]mcni'bps t m, alxzaps t m Jp B AhImis Sp pan. temiøp F m `mjbpw A mlphnt Xp Xs...! "Ad_n' kz Ønse `mjbmsw Atd_y kp nifpss (kp n appmlnzv PamAØp auehnamcpss)hmzw \nc IamsW pw, Jp B hncp amsw pw kmcw...! `qanbnep F m P\hn`mK߃ pw, AhcpsS amxr`mjbn kwkmcn p sszhzqxt\bpw (dkqent\bpw) AhcpsS `mjbnep thz{kÿsøbpw, AXmXp kabßfn \ Inbn p v F v Jp B DW Øp p. AYhm F m `mjbnepw A mlp Jp B t]msebp D t_m[\߃ thz{kÿ߃ \ Inbn p v F p kmcw. a\pjy v thz{kÿhpw k m hpw \ Ip ImcyØn PmXnaX hyxymktam, h h ÆhyXymktam, `mjm hnthn\tam, A mlp ImWn n n F pkmcw. (10:47) (14:4) (35:25) (22:34) F m `mjbpw kwkvimchpw A mlphn v Hcpt]mse...! CsX mw "k ΔaXkXyhmZw Jp B\n ' F `mkøp auehn hnizoicn Xn\m ChnsS Bh Øn p n. B \ kwkvimcßfn ImWs Sp A\pIcWobamb \S]Sn {Iaßfpw BNmcßfpw kμ `a\pkcn v hnizmkniƒ v kzoicn mw...! CsX mw "Jp B temikam[m\øns {KŸw' F `mkøv \mw hnizam nbn p v. "C mw' F m GIssZh hnizkhpw (XuloZv) ]ctemitam Ønep hnizmkhpw, ]tcm]imcap 49

27 k I Ω߃ snøepamwv. (2:62, 5:69) Cu aq p ASnÿm\ kn m ßfn Dd p\n psim v axøn GXp coxnbnep ]cnjvicw {]h Ø\߃ \S nem m ap ow ]WvUnX\pw ap ow `cwm[nimcn pw AhImiap v. AX\pkcn m Hmtcm ap oapw _m[yÿ\mwv.(4:59) Bcm[\Ifnse A\mNmc߃, (\-a-kvim-c-øn \_nsb hnfn-, Ban ]d-b, l nse I p-npw-_n- ) A]ISIcamb Bcm[\m coxniƒ, (l- nse It -dv) knhn {Ian\ \nba߃, ]n ps m \nba߃, sshhmlni \nba߃ hnhmltamn\ \nba߃ F nhbnsems Bhiysa p txm nbm AXmXp \m nse ]WvUnX am pw, `cwm[nimcniƒ pw \oxn]q Δw am w hcpøm Jp B A\phmZw \ Ip p. AX\pkcn ap owifpss _m[yxbpamwv. CsX mw "hnip Jp B\nse ASnÿm\ kn m ߃' F `mkøp \mw hnizam nbn p v. GI sszhhnizmknifmb PqX\pw, {InkvXym\n pw lnμphn\pw ap ow kv{xoisf hnhmlw snømw (5:4,5), ] ± C mans HutZymKnI hkv{x[mcwa, ]pcpj m p-]-icw th n h m kv{xoiƒ pw \akvimcøn\p t\xrxzw \ Imw, ]pcpj\mb Hcp km n p]icw kv{xoifmb c p km niƒ BhiyamWv F Jp B \nbaw Bt] niamwv. (\_nbpss Hcp \S]Sn {Iaw kp Øp am{xamwxv) Nnet mƒ Hcp kv{xo km nxs axnbmipw, Nnet mƒ ]pcpj amsc mƒ \ km n kv{xo Bbncn pw Fs ms bp tum: l Xpdm_nbpsS 50 (kpum ) ({]t_m[\w 2006 Pq 17) hmz߃ Jp B\nIambn icnbmwv F pkmcw. Jp B kp ØpImcmb R߃ Xpdm_nbpsS B hmzßsf kl jw kzmkxw snøp p...! Npcp- -Øn Atd-_y kp n-i-fpss "A p-t\c \a-kvimc-ønepw,' A p-t\c _m nepw, lzo-kp-{k-ÿ-ß-fn-ep-sam-s -bp Jp -B hn-cp- -amb \qdv IW n\v A_- -ßfpw A]-I-S-ßfpw hj-f-ø-c-ß-fp-sams Ign \m Xv h j-ambn tni- q auehn Fgp-Xp-Ibpw {]N-cn- n- p-ibpw snbvxp-sim- n-cn- p- p. _p n-bp- -h s ms AXv a\- n-em-hp- p-ap- v. tni- q auehn ]d-bm-dp- -Xp-t]mse Ipd-s ms _p n-]-c-amb XymKw snøm Xøm-dp- -h v am{xta \a-kvim-c-øn-sebpw _m n-sebpw tnem-i Ω-Øn-sebpw A]-I-S-߃ a\- n-em- m\pw Dƒs m- m\pw Ign-bq! AXn\v Xøm-d-s - n \Ωp-sSbpw \ΩpsS Ip n-ifp-ssbpw ka-bhpw kºøpw enwkm-{k-n Ω-hpsams A\m-h-iyambn \jvs-s - p-simt bncn- pw...! 51

28 kp- Ømb F m Bcm-[-\-Ifpw Jp B hncp w tnem-i Ωw A\n- m-aniw F -Xns G hpw i -amb Hcp Jp -B-\nI sxfn-hv...! imjm-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fn t]mepw (kp- -Ømb Imcy-ßfn t]m-epw) lzo-kp-iƒ {]am-w-am- m- ]msn F v hnip Jp B : klo-lp _pjm-cn-bn-sebpw ap o-an-sebpw Ipsd hrøn-si I lzokp-iƒ \mw I p. hnip Jp B-\ns hnizo-i-cww F t]cn lzokp {KŸ-߃ cnn- -s - Xv \_nsb Hcp Ima-{`m- -\mbn Nn{Xo-I-cn- p-i, \_nsb amcww _m[n- -h\mbn Nn{Xo-I-cn- p-i, \_nsb Hcp hj-f\pw {Iqc-\pambn Nn{Xo-I-cn- p-i, BZ-c-Wo-b-s\ pw temim-\p-{k-ln-sb pw Jp B hmgvønb \ΩpsS \_nsb \ΩpsS \_n-bpss hy n- XzsØ Icn-hmcntØbv p-i, hnip Jp B {]m[m\yw \ Inb-Xns\ A{]-[m-\-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn- p-i, C m-ans ad-hn Atd- _y \S-]Sn{Ia-ßfpw ]mc-ºcy acym-z-ifpw Atd-_y kwkvimc-ßfpw Nn m-k-xn-ifpw kwc- n- p-i, C mw axsø Hcp "\akvimc {]ÿm-\-am n' temi-p-\-x- n-s-bn Ah-X-cn- n- pi. Jp B\pw \_nbpw ]Tn- n- -Xn-t\- mƒ {]m[m\yw l n\pw a m \K-cn pw \ In temi P\-Xsb a -bntebv v BI jn v Ad- 52 _n-iƒ v kmº-øni t\ ap m- p-i, Jp B ]Tn- n sim psim p acym-z-ifpw Imcy-ßfpw hfsc {]m[m\yw \ In ]Tn- n- p-i. \_n-bp-ssbpw A_q-_- Da, Dkvam Aen XpSßn-b-h-cp-sSbpw bym Ncn{Xw ]qgvønshbv p-i, Ahsc hjf am\pw {Iqc- mcpw \_n-hn-tcm-[n-i-fpw a p-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn- p-i. AXp-hgn bym C m-an-s\bpw C m-ani Ncn-{X-sØbpw A na-dn- pi F o e y-߃ ap n I p-sim- m-bn-cp- p. "klo-lp _pjm-cn-'bn-sebpw "ap o-'an-sebpw hj-f lzokp-i-fn-eqss IS- p-t]m-b-t mƒ \mw t\cn I hkvxp-x-ifmwnsx- mw. kzbw kwkm-cn- p- B lzo-kp-iƒ hy -am- p- Xv B hj-f lzo-kp-i-sfm pw \_n-bpss lzo-kp-if F pw AsXm pw hnip Jp -Bs hni-zo-i-c-w- -ß-f F p-amwv. F m klo-lp JpJm-cn, ap ow XpS-ßnb I lzo-kp-iƒ Ie H lzokv {KŸßfpw ap ow-iƒ {]am-w-am- m ]msn-, F v hnip Jp -B sim v ka n- p-i-bmw-v tni- q auehn snbvx G hpw al-ømb Hcp Im-cyw. as mcp hn[-øn ]d- m H mw {]am-wamb Jp -B sim v c mw {]-am-wamb lzo-kp-iƒ F N p-n-h-dp-isf C m-xm- p-i-bmwv tni- q auehn snbvx al-ømb as mcp tkh-\w...! AsX- msw p a\- n-em- p-i...!! \_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ac-w-tøm-sp-iqsn C m-an-\-isø I]-S- m kpo-h-am-ip-ibpw C m-ani temiøv hºn Ipg- -߃ Bcw-`n- p-ibpw snbvxp-h-t m. \_n-bpss acww Ign v kpam 20 h jw Ign- -t m-tg pw \_n ]Tn- n \a-kvimcas- -ap ]e I Ω- -]- -Xn-Ifpw IWn-i-ambn \n Δ- 53

29 ln- m t]mepw Hcp hn`mkw C mø hn[w \_n-bpss A\p-bmbn-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw XΩn X n On -`n- -amipibpw \_n sim ph C mw axw (im- n-am - w) F m sszhni ax-߃ pw kw`hn- -Xp-t]mse Hcp A\m-Nmc {]ÿm-\-ambn A[x-]-Xn- p-ibpw snbvxp-sh- p-amwv Atd-_y Ncn{Xw ]-d-bp- Xv. lzokv {KŸß-fn t]mepw B Ncn{X hkvxpx kω-xn- n- p- v. Jp B\ns GXm\pw ssisb-gpøv {]Xn-Iƒ `{-Z-ambn Nne \m p-cm-pm- - m-cpssbpw \ hcmb Nne kp n inb ]WvUn-X- m-cn-eq-ssbpw Atd- _y-bnepw CXc tzi-ß-fnepw FØn-bn-cp- p. Jp -B-\ns ASnÿm-\-Øn \_n Xncp-ta\n hf Ønsb-SpØ B sndnb Atd- _y kaqlw ]c-kv]cw ISn- p-iodn On -`n- -amb tij-amwv ap ow-i-fpss c -I-\mbpw kp n hn`m-k-øns t\xm-hmbpw h apb-hnb Atd-_y-bpsS cmpm-hm-b-xv. ap-b-hnb F k-a - \mb B PqX cmpmhv B kμ `w icn pw {]tb-p-\-s -Sp-Øn. AXn-\mbn Xs Iq p-im-c\pw as mcp PqX ]ptcm-ln-x-\p-amb A_qlp-ssddsb a sø Camam- p-ibpw snbvxp F Xpw \mw I p. l-zo-kp-iƒ F m "\_n-bpss hn\w' "\_n-bpss Ncy' Fs m-s -bmwv \mw a\- n-em- nb A w. F m \_nbpss hn-\-ß-fmwv F p-d- p- -Xn\p ]pdsa \_n-bpss t]cn {]N-cn- n- -s hm Ø-Iƒ pw l-zo-kp-iƒ F v ]dbmw F mwv kp n ]WvUn-X- m ]t Xocp-am-\n Xv. kxyhpw Ak-Xyhpsams Iq n- -e Øm ]mi-øn-ep CØcw a \n Δ-N-\-ß-sfms lzo-kp-i-fn-eqss C m-ani temitø v IS-Øn-hn- Xv A_p-lq-ssd-d-bpw apb-hn-bbpas- -ap 54 BZy-Ime- kp n-i-fm-bn-cp- p F mwv tni- q aue-hn-bpss Is -Ø. B Jp -B hncp Nn m-k-xn-isf At±lw Jp - B sim v Xs XI p-ibpw ip o-i-cn- p-ibpw snbvxp F - XmWv Gsd {it -b-amb Hcp hkvxp-x. lzo-kp-isf (hm Ø-I-sf) AXp \_n-bpss lzo-kp-i-fmbmepw BcpsS t]cn {]N-cn- n- -s hm Ø-I-fm-bn-cp- m-epw \membn Xcw Xncn mw F v hnip Jp -B sim v At±lw ka n- p- p. C av- AYhm Dd- mb kxyw tihew _p n D]-tbm-Kn pw ]t -{μn-b-ß-fp-]-tbm-kn pw Dd- n- m\pw hnizkn- m\pw Ign-bp Imcy-Øn-\mWv "C av' F p ]d-bp- -Xv. \ΩpsS thz-{k-ÿ-amb hnip Jp -B-\ns\ "C av' Dd mb kxyw AYhm A m-lp-hn- \n p hy -amb m\w F A -Øn-emWv Zi- - W- n\v ÿe-ß-fn Jp -B-\n-eqsS A mlp Xs \ap v ]cn- N-b-s -Sp-Øp- -Xv. f v: AYhm Dul-߃ sxfn-hp-i-fn- msx kpam-dm-bn v hnizkn- p- -Xn-\mWv "f v' F v Jp -B ]d-bp- -Xv. Dul-ß-fn-e- [n-ihpw snip-øm-s -Xm-sW pw Dulß-fn-sem pw ]n ]- -cpsx pw Jp -B CS- nss DW Øp- p- v. i v: AYhm kwi-b-k-xn-bn-ep Xv. hniz-kn- m ] nb bmsxmcp sxfn-hp-i-fp-an- msx kwi-b-k-xn-bn-ep Atßm pw Ctßm pw BSn- -fn- p Bi-b-Øn-\mWv "i v' F p ]d-bp- -Xv. 55

30 C^vXn-dm-Av:- a\x-]q Δw si n-bp- m n ]d-bp Ak-Xy- Øn-\mWv "C^vØn-dm-Av' AYhm "si p-i-y-iƒ' F v ]d-bp- -Xv. ta -d \mse-æ-øn C av A mø Dd- mb kxy-a- mø a v aq v Xcw hm Ø-I-sfbpw Dul-ß-fm-bmepw kwi-b-ß-fmbmepw si p-i-y-i-fm-bmepw Ah aq n-s\bpw "IZn_v' AYhm "] - w' F C\-Øn-emWv Jp B Dƒs -Sp-Øn-bn- p- sx pw AsXm pw Jp B\nI ZrjvSym ax-øn {]am-w-am- m ]msn m F p-amwv Jp B-\ns ASn-ÿm-\-Øn "A_q-lp-ssddbpsS X\n \ndw' F {KŸ-Øn auehn ka n- -Xv. H p IqSn hy -am n ]d- m "_pjmcn' "ap ow' XpS-ßnb lzokp {KŸ-߃ ]cn-tim-[n- m GXp lzokv {KŸ-߃ ]cn-tim- [n- mepw AXn 50 ix-am-\hpw (anavcdmpv t]mep ) si p-i- Y-I-fm-sW p ImWmw. _m n-bp- -Xn 20 ix-am\w Dul-ßfpw (f- v), 20 ix-am\w kwib KXn-bn-ep (i v) lzo-kn-i-fm-sw pw ImWmw. kp n-ifpw appm-ln- -Zp-Ifpw PamAØp-Ifpw ]cs kω- Xn- p Hcp hkvxp-x-bm-wn-xv. Npcp n d- m _pjm-cn-bn-ep lzo-kp-i-fn 10 ix-am\w am{xsa hnip Jp B-\n-ep- Bib-ß-fp-ambn tbmpn- p- p- q. B \ lzo-knse XXz-߃ AXnepw at\m-l-c-ambn Jp -B-\n-eqsS A mlp Xs ]Tn- n p- p- pxm-\pw. AXp-sIm- mwv Jp -B-\neqsS sxfn-bn m ] mø GsX- nepw Hcp C mw ax \nbaw lzo-kp-sim v sxfnbn mtam F AXn i n-a-ømb Hcp tnmzyw auehn tni- q Xs {KŸ-ß-fn CS- nss Bh Øn- m Imc-Ww. aue-hn-bpss 56 B tnmzy-߃ Fs pw {]-kivx-am-sw v Jp -B\pw lzokpw ]Tn- -h s ms t_m[y-am-hp-ibpw snøp- p- v. lzo-kp-isf samø-øn Jp Bs ASn-ÿm-\-Øn \membn-xcw Xncn- m-sa pw AXn aq p Xchpw ax-hn-j-bøn ap ow- Iƒ ]n ]- m ]msn-s pw, lzo-kp-i-fn "C ap'- Xp am{xsa (hm Ø-I-fn Dd- Xpw hnizm-k-tbm-ky-amb sx-fn-hp- Xpw am{xsa) ap ow-iƒ ]n ]- m ]msp p F pw Jp -B sim p ka n- p-i-bmwv auehn tni- q snbvx-xv. C a- m-ø- bmsxm pw Dd pw hnizm-k-tbm-ky-hp-a- mø bmsxm pw hnizmk-tbm-ky-am-b sxfn-hn- mø bmsxm pw Jp -B-\n-en- mø bmsxm pw C m-an {]am-w-am- m ap ow-iƒ p-]m-sn F Jp -B-\nse G hpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-hpw, hnπ-hmfl-i-hp-amb B alm-kn- m- w auehn tni- q Jp -B sim v ka n- p- Xv {i n- p-i. "\n\ v C an- mø Dd pw hnizm-khpw C mø bmsxmcp Imcyhpw \n ]n ]- -cp-xv. \ns tiƒhnbpw ImgvNbpw lrz-bhpw F mw tnmzyw snø-s -Sp-I-Xs snøpw. (17:36) am{x-a ax-]-c-a mø Imcy-߃ Jp -B-\n C m-øxpw \_n-xn-cp-ta\n ]Tn- n- n- n- m-ø-xp-amb Imcy-߃ AXp kp - Ømb Hcp Imcy-am-sW- n t]mepw A m-lp-hns t]cn As - n \_n-bpss t]cn si n- -d-bp-ibpw AXp-{]-N-cn- n- p-ibpw snøp- Xv in n-t\m-s-spø Hcp alm-]m-]-am-sw- v, 7 mw A ymbw 33 mw hn-\-øn Jp -B hy -am- p- p. (7:33). hnip Jp - 57

31 Bs al-ømb B `mkw \mw {i n p ]Tn-t - n-bn-cn- p- p. lzo-kp-iƒ F -t]-cn Hcp c mw {]amww hfsc -km Δ-{Xn-Iam-bXv \_n-bpss acww Ign p kpam Ccp-]Xv h jw Ign- m-sw pw "apbhnb'-bpss cmp-`-c-w-im-e-ømwv B Zpc w kw`hn- Xv F pw Ncn-{X-Øns ]n _-e-tøm-sp-iqsn, Jp -B sim v ka n- p-i-bm-wt m auehn tni- q snbvx-xv. B lzo-kp-i-fmwv kpam Ccp-\qdv sim w Ign- -t mƒ, djy-bnse _pjm-d-bn \n pw h _pjmcn {KŸ-cq-]-Øn-em- n-b-xv... B lzo-kp-i-fn 90 ix-am-\hpw C a-s pw (AYhm B lzo-kp- I-fn 90 ix-am-\hpw hnizm-k-tbm-ky-amb sxfn-hp-i-fp- -X-s pw AXp-sIm- p-xs B lzo-kp-i-sf mw "IZn_v' AYhm ] I w (A-s - n Plvev Adn-b-s -Sm-Ø-Xv) F C\-ßfn s]sp- -Xm-sW pw ka n- p-i-bmwv auehn tni- q snbvx-xv. F m C a- mø H lzo-kp-ifpw si p-i-y-ifpw Dul-ßfpw kwi-b-k-xn-bp-ep- -Xpamb, lzo-kp-iƒ ap ow-iƒ {]- am-wam m ]msn F v Jp -B ]Tn- n- -t mƒ, Dul-ß-fpsS C\-Øn s]sp-øm-hp I lzo-kp-iƒ t]mepw {]N-cn- n- msa pw AXv {]am-w-am- m-sa- p-amwv Alvep lzo-kp-im \nba-am- n-b-xv. Alvep lzo-kp-im-cpss B hmz-søbmwv Jp -B sim v auehn tni- q XI ØXv. tni- q aue-hn-bpss {it b-amb B hmz-k-xn-iƒ {i n- p-i...! C m-anse F m \nb-a-ßsfbpw kp n-iƒ samø-øn ASnÿm-\-]-c-sa pw imjm-]-csa pw c mbn XcwXncn- mdp v. AXn ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb (Dkq-en s] ) Imcy-ß-fmWv GIssZ-h- hnizmkw (Xu-lo-Zv) Cuam Imcy-߃, C mw Imcy-߃, PnlmZv, k m-øv, Icm ]me\w XpS-ßnb I Ω ] -Xn-Ifpw A mlp ap ow-i-fpss ta \nb-a-am- nb \a-kvimcw t\m-ºv, l v, XpS-ßnb Bcm-[-\-ap-d-Ifpw. Dkq-en s] (ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb) Cu Imcy-߃ IqSmsX imj-]-c-amb Nne Imcy-ßfpw (^pdp-cø-øn s] AYhm, kp -Øm-b) Nne-Im-cy-ßfpw C m-an D v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn \ ` -W-km-[-\-߃ D]-tbm-Kn- p- Xpw, kz Æw, sh n, taøcw IpXn-c-Iƒ, XpS-ßnb Ae- mc hkvxp- ƒ D]-tbm-Kn- p- Xpw kp Øp t\mºp-iƒ, kp Øp l p- Iƒ, kp Øp \a-kvim-c-߃ XpS-ßnb A\p-jvTn- p- Xpw tnem- I Ωw snøp- Xpw kp n-iƒ- p-t]mepw tihew imjm-]-chpw sf-oni-hp-amb Imcy-ß-fm-Wv. Dd- n- m-ø- bm-sxm pw C m-an \nb-atam {]am-wtam B m ]msn F 108 BbØpIƒ sim v ÿm]n-x-amb C m-ans G hpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Hcp kn m w C m-ans ASn-ÿm-\- kn m- -߃ p-am-{xta _m[-i-ap p F pw, C m-anse imjm-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fn (kp- -Ømb Imcyß-fn ) kpam hnizm-khpw, Dul-ß-fp-amb lzo-kp-isfbpw ]n ] mw F p-amwv apbhn-b Ime-L w apx Ctßm- p kp Øp PamØp ]fin-x am \nb-a-am- n-b-xv. ImcWw Jp - B-\n C mø Ipsd Atd-_y BNm-c-ß-fpw A\p-jvTm-\-ßfpw Nn m-k-xn-ifpw C m-an-te-bv p IpØn- -b- m\pw, B A\pjvTm\- ߃ v "\_n-bpss lzo-kp-iƒ' (\-_n-bpss Ncy-Iƒ) F ]Zhn \ In, C m-ani temiøv kzoim-cy-x- e-`n- m\pw km[m-c-w- mcmb A sø ap ow-i-sf-s m- -Xw-Ko-I-cn- n- epw Zp hym-jym\w 58 59

32 snøepw apb-hn-b-bp-ssbpw A_q-lp-ssd-d-bp-sSbpw Bh-iy-am-bncp- p. am{x-a-, Jp -B-\n C mø A p-t\c \a-kvim-cw, A p t\csø _m p-hn-fn, Jp -B hncp- -amb Bao ]db, Jp -B-\n C m-øxpw PqX-]m-c-º-cy-hp-amb tnem-i Ωw F n-h-sb mw Xs `c-w-øns BZy-L- -Øn (B-ZysØ 4 h jw) tihew kp -Øp-I-fm-bn p am{x-amwv apb-hnb {]Ncn- n- Xv. ]n o-sxv {ItaW Hcp \n - -amb (^ fm-b) Imcyam- m-\pw, ]n osxv Hcp X_venKv {]h Ø-\-Øn-eqsS temiw apgp-h ]c-øm-\p-ap apb-hn-b-bpss "D n-en-cn v' A[n-Iam pw Adn- p-iq-smbncp- p...! a -bnepw azo-\-bnepw tihew Hcp h j-tømfw \_n `c-wm-[n-im-cnbpw axm- y- - \p-ambn ]nsn- p-\n- -t mƒ, \_n-bpss i{xp-hmb apb-hn-b v bmsxmcp FXn p-i-fp-an- m-sx, "\_n-bpss {]ÿm-\-øn ambw tn pi' F H - e- y-tømss, kpam Ccp-]Xv h jtømfw "C m-ani `cww' F hymtp\ `cn- m Ign p F Xpw kmμ `n-i-ambn \mw Hm p-i...! Jp -B efnxamsw pw kv]jvs-am-sw pw Jp -B Bh Øn- mh Øn p ]d- -t mƒ Jp -B efn-x-a-s pw, Jp -B-\ns A w B pw a\- n-em-in-s pw Jp -B Zpcq-l-am-sW pw Jp -B Ad_n `mj-bn \n pw as mcp `mj-bn-tebv pw ]cn- `m-j-sn-øm ]msn-s pw Aap- ow-iƒ Jp -B sxmsm ]msns pw A_q-lp-ssd-dbpw apbhn-bbpw ]s \nb-a-am- n-bxpw \mfn-xp-hsc kp Øp Pam-AØp ]fin-x- m AtX- p-]m-sn-bxpw Ah \S-Ønb A n-a-dn-iƒ ]qgvøn-sh-bv m-\m-bn-cp- p-sh pw 60 kmμ `ni-ambn \mw Hm p-i. ax-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fn C mw-a-x-øns GXp taje-bnepw AXp ASn-ÿm-\]c-am-h-s, imjm]-c-am-h-s (^ fm-is, kp- - Øm-h-s ) hm Ø-Iƒ AYhm lzo-kp-iƒ kzoi-cn- p-tºmƒ AXp Dd pw hnizm-k-hp-ap XmhWw F p Jp -B\pw apl-ω-zv -\-_nbpw ]Tn- n- -t mƒ hnizm-k-tbm-ky-amb sxfnhv ax-øns ASn-ÿm-\- X-Xz-߃ pw I Ω-]- -Xn-Iƒ pw am{xsa _m[-i-ap q F pw imjm-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fn (kp Øp ka-kvim-c-߃, kp Øp t\mºp-iƒ, kp Øp l p-iƒ, tnem-i Ωw, ] p-h-kv{x-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-, kz Æw D]-tbm-Kn- F n-h-bn ) kpam hnizmk-ßfpw Dul-ßfpw ]n ] mw F p-amwv Jp -B-\n v FXn-cmbn kp n ]fin-x-am \nb-a-am- n-b-xv. C mw axsø BsI A n-adn- Xpw hnip Jp -B F sszhni-{k-ÿ-w ]mss Ah-K-Wn- -s -Sm Imc-W-am-b-Xpw, "kp Øp Pam-AØv' F Jp -B hncp lzokv kwl-s-\-bpss D `-h-øn\pw A p-x-i-c-amb hf pw \mμn-ip-dn- -Xp-amb B kp n kn m- -amwv tni- q auehn Xs h j-߃ \o p-\n Kth-jW k]-cy-bn-eqss (Jp - B sim v) XI Øp-I-f- -Xv. Jp -B-\nse B `mkw {]txyiw {i n p-i. kz Æw ldm-am-sw v Jp -B-\n Fhn-sS-bp-an-. F m ap ow ]pcp-j- m kz Æw D]-tbm-Kn- p- Xv ldm-am-sw p hnizkn- p- -h-cmwv Atd-_y kp n-iƒ. (kp n appm-lnzv Pam- A-Øp- au-e-hn-am C pw Aßns\ ]Tn- n- p- p- v.) e - W- n\v hne-]n-sn- p dnãv hm p-ifpw BVw-_c Imdp-Ifpw D]- 61

33 tbm-kn- p- Xv ldm-am-sw v kp n-iƒ ]d-bmdn-. ImcWw kz Æw ldm-am-sw PqX \n ΩnX I lzotk Ah I n- p- q. kz Æw, sh n, taøcw IpXn-c-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h-sb mw Ae- m-c-h-kvxp- -fm-bn- mwv Jp -B ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øp -Xv. Aan-X-a- mø coxn-bn F m \ hkvxp- fpw D]tbmKn- m-sa pw Jp - B DW Øp- p- v. am{x-a-. a\p-jy p th n `qan-bn \n pw A mlp D m-zn- n- p-sim- p-h-cp Ae- m-c-h-kvxp- ƒ ldmam- nb B B{Ian BcmWv F mwv Jp -B tnmzn- -Xv. \_n- Xn-cp-ta\n Jp -B BZy-ambn ]Tn- n- p- Xpw {]N-cn- n- p- Xpw bmsxmcp ax-hp-an- mø Ad-_n-I-fp-sSbpw, ax-øn A n-adn \SØn A\m-Nm-c-߃ IpØn-\n-d Bcm-[-\m {`m - m F v Jp - B A[n-t -]n Atd-_y PqX- m- n-s-bntebv pam-wt m... kz Æw, ] v XpS-ßnb Ae- mc hkvxp- ƒ ldm-am-sw v hnizkn- p PqX- mcpw bym-ÿni IrkvXym-\n-Ifpw A meøv [mcmf-ap- m-bn-cp- p. C pw kz Æw ldm-am-sw v hniz-kn- p PqX- -Ir-kvXy kv{xoiƒ hsc-bp- v. (kz Æw D]-tbm-Kn- mø PqX IrkvXy kv{xoiƒ hsc-bp- v). kz Æw ldm-am-sw v ax \nba-ap- m n Xudm-Øn ssii-s-ønb B PqX- m-sc-bmwv Jp - B A[nx-t -]n- -Xv. AYhm kz Æw sh n, ] v XpS-ßnb Ae- mc hkvxp- ƒ ldm-am-sw v Hcp A m-lphpw ]d- n ns pw Aßns\ ]d-bemwv A mlp ldm-am- n-bn- p- -sx pw ]Tn- n- p-i-bmwv kqd-øp AAvdm^n (A- ymbw A AAvdm^v 7: 31 ) A mlp snbvx-xv. Jp -B-\nse B {]kivx `mkw hni-z-ambn {i n- p-i. (7:31, 32, 33 F o hn-\- 62 ߃ {i n- p-i.) "Jp a l da ko\-ø- m-ln...'f p XpS-ßp- B `mkw {i n- p-i. "BZw k -Xn-I-sf... F m Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fnepw AYhm F m Bcm-[\m thf-i-fnepw \n߃ Ae- m-c-ap hkv{xw [cn- p-sim- p-i. \n߃ \ Blmc ]Zm ߃ Xn p-ibpw IpSn- p-ibpw snøp-i. F m \n߃ Zp hybw snø-cp-xv. Zp hybw snøp- -hsc A mlp CjvSs -Sp-Itb C. (\-_nsb Xm ƒ) ]dbp-i. A mlp Ahs Zmk am p-th n Cu ({]]- -Øn \n pw) D ]m-zn- n- p-sim- p-h- n p Ae- mc hkvxp- fpw hninjvs-amb Blmc ]Zm -ßfpw \njn- -am- n-bxv Bcm-Wv, ]d-bp- I. Ah Cu sflni Pohn-X-Øn kxy-hn-izm-kn-iƒ v Ah-Imi-s - -Xm-Wv. Db sø-gp-t ns \mfn Ah v am{x-ap- - Xp-am-Wv. a\- n-em- p- -h v th n A{]-Imcw \mw Jp -B-\neqsS sxfn-hp-iƒ hni-zo-i-cn- p- p. (\_nsb) ]d-bp-i. cl-kyhpw ]c-ky-hp-amb F m \on-hr- Øn-Ifpw Ip -I-c-am-sW v t_m[y-s F m Imcy-ßfpw A\ymb-amb F m-hn[ ssii-s-ø-ep-ifpw A m-lp-hn-t\msv as m- ns\ ] p-tn epw A m-lp-hps t]cn A m-lp-hns ax-øn \n߃ v Dd- n- mø Fs mcp Imcyhpw ]d- p- m- epamwv (ASn-ÿm\ ]c-ambn A mlp ldm-am- n-b-xv.) 7: 31, 32, 33. A - AAv-dm^v. A m-lp-hns t]cn sszh-øns t]cn hnizm-k-tbm- Ky-amb bmsxmcp sxfn-hp-an- msx ax \nb-a-߃ si n-bp- m- 63

34 in v t]mse-xs Hcp alm A]-cm-[-am-sW v A i - n- Sbn- mø hn[w hy -am- p-i-bmwv ta kq- -Øn A mlp snbvxn-cn- p- -Xv. \ \ ` -W-]-Zm -߃ D]-tbm-Kn- epw kz Æw sh n, ] piƒ XpS-ßnb Ae- mc hkvxp- ƒ D]-tbm- Kn- epw ax-ønse imj-]-c-amb Hcp Imcy-am-sW v (kp- -ØmsW- v) kω-xn- møh kp n-iƒ n-s-bn t]mepw D m-ipsa v txm p- n-. At mƒ kz Æw, sh n XpSßnb Ae- mc hkvxp- ƒ A mlp ldm-am- n-bn- n F pw F m bmsxmcp sxfn-hp-an- msx "A mlphpw dkqepw AsXms ldm-am- n-bn-cn- p p' F p I lzo-kp- m n AXv ax-\n-b-a-am n {]Ncn- n- -emwv A mlp ldm-am- n-bxv F pw hy -am- p-i-bmwv ta kq- -Øn A mlp snbvxo- p- -Xv. as mcp hn[-øn ]d- m Jp -B-\n-eqsS A mlp ldm-am- mø kz Æw, sh n XpS-ßnb Ae- mc hkvxp- ƒ ap ow-iƒ v ldm-am-sw v ]db in v t]mse-øs Hcp h Ip -am-sw v Jp -B hy - am n F v ka n- pi-bmwv ta kq w sim v auehn tni- q snbvx-xv. kz w ho n-te-bv v Ib-dp-tºmƒ ap hmxn-eqss Xs IS- - Ww. "Xe Np n aq v ]nsn- -cp-xv', AYhm Imcy-߃ hf-s m-sn v ]d- v {]iv\-ßfpw {]bm-k-ßfpw D m- -cp-xv. \mw as m-cp-fpss apdn-bn-tebv v IS- p-tºmƒ Hcp \ acym-zbpw kwkvi-mchpw F \nebv v Ah-tcmSv kemw ]d-b-ww, As - n IXn-In ap n \ΩpsS km n yw Adn-bn- p-ibpw Ah-cpsS kωxw tnmzn- p- I-bpw snøww Fs ms Jp -B ]Tn- n- p- p. AtX t]mse 64 amxm-]n-xm- -tfmsv kwkm-cn- p-tºmƒ Ahsc shdp- n- -cp-sx pw Ah-tcmSv Ib -cp-sx pw Ah-tcm-Sp kwkm-c-øn "s ' F pt]m-epw ]d-b-cp-sx- p-w Jp -B ]Tn- n- p- p. hfsc \n m-c-ambn \ap v txm m-hp {]my-ani acym-z-iƒ t]mepw hn p-t]m-imsx Jp -B ]Tn- n- p- p v F v kmcw. as mcp hn[-øn ]d- m ax-]-c-amb Imcy-߃ Jp -B-\n-epsS hnh-cn- p-x-cp- - -Xn A m-lpthm dkqtem bmsxmcp hogvnbpw hcp-øn-bn- n F Jp -B-\ns Bh Øn- p {]Jym-]\w 100 ix-am\w icn-bmsw v kmcw. Jp -B-\n-eqsS A mlp lem-em- nb A\p-h-Zn- p-x Ae mc hkvxp- ƒ bmsxmcp {]am-w-hp-an- msx I l-zo-kp- m n ld-am-am-sw p ]d-b in v snøp- -Xp-t]mse simsnb ]m]- -amsw v Hcp h Ip -am-sw v Jp -B Ak- n- KvZ-ambn {]Jym-]n p F v kmcw. AXp-t]mse Jp -B-\n C m- ØXpw \_n-xn-cp-ta\n ]Tn- n- n- n- m-ø-xp-amb kp Øp \akvim-c-߃, kp Øv t\mºp-iƒ, kp Øv l p-iƒ, XmSn, sxm n, Jp -B-\n ]d- n- n- møxpw \_n-xn-cp-ta\n ]Tn- n- n- n- m-ø-xpw apb-hn-bbpw A_qlp-ssddbpw Ccp-]Xv h jwsim v ]Sp-Øp-b Øn-b-Xp-amb 30 sx p-i-fp 5 t\c\akvimcw, 10 sx p-i-fp Jp -B hncp- hpw \_n- Xn-cp-ta-\n ti n- pt]mepan- m-ø-xp-amb kp n- -inb _m p-hnfn, Jp -Bt\m \_ntbm ]Tn- n- mø tnem-i Ωw F A{Iaw, l nse It dv, l nse I p-s]-dp- epw I v Npw_n- epw, Jp -Bt\m apl-ωzv \_ntbm ]Tn- n- mø Bao ]d-b, \a-kvim-cm-\- -c-ap Iq {]m \ F nh I lzo-kp-i-fpss ASn-ÿm- 65

35 \-Øn C mw axambn {]N-cn- n- epw AX-\p-jvTn- epw Jp - B-\n-I ZrjvSym G hpw henb in mwv F v kmcw. GsXmcp ap o-s\bpw Aº-cn- n- p- Xpw A p-x-s -Sp-Øm t]m -Xpamb hnπ-hm-fl-i-amb Hcp Jp B\nI kn m- -amwv "A_qlpssd-d-bpsS X\n-\ndw' F {KŸ-Øn auehn tni- q ka n- -Xv. ax-an- mø imkv{xw aps- \pw imkv{x-an- mø axw A - hp-am-sw- v sf Ão Hcn- ]d-bp-i-bp- m-bn. imkv{x-øns `mkøv \n v t\m n-bm- aps- - mcpw ax-øns `mk-øp-\n p t\m n-bm A - m-cp-am-wv Cu tnem-i Ω-hm-Zn-Iƒ F v \ap v a\- n-em-ipw. tnem I Ωw snøp ap ow ]pcp-j- m pw kv{xoiƒ pw Kply-ÿm-\-ß-fnepw K `m-i-b-ß-fnepw hcp Iym k t]mep alm-hym-[n-iƒ Ipd-hm-sW v Nne A`n-{]mb-s -Sp- p. AsXmcp kxy-hp-am-wv. tnem I Ωw snøp PqX ]pc-j- -m-cn enwkm-{k-n Ω-Øn hcp Iym k Hcp ix-am\w t]mepw ImWp- n F v kmcw. F m B Ah-bhw hrønbn sim p \S- p a p ax- m n-s-bnepw enwk-øn\pw K `m-i-b- Øn\psam-s -bp Iym k ImWp- n F dnbp-i. At mƒ hrøn-tbmss \S- pi F -XmWv Imcyw. hrøn-bp- -h-scbpw {]mb- nøw snøp- -h-tcbpw sszhw CjvS-s -Sp p F Jp -B hn\w {i n- p-i(2:222). Znhkw 5 t\chpw 8 t\chpsams aq{xn- p-ibpw AXp-I-gn- m sh w sim p Igp-IWw F v \n _- -ap- -h-cp-amwv ap ow-iƒ. At mƒ enwkw hrøn-bm-hm-xn-cn- pi F Ahÿ hcm ap ow ]pcp-j- m v bmsxmcp km[y-x-bpw ImWp- n-. ]ns 10 e -Øn Hcp Aap- o-an\v Ah Ipfn- 66 m-sx, hrøn-bm- m-sx, IpØ-gn p \S p F -Xns t]cn Ahs enwk-øn\v Iym k- h p F p-]-d v As - n hcm km[y-x-bp v F p ]d v ap ow-iƒ F m-hcpw tnem-i ΩsØ t{]m m-ln- n- p- Xv A]-lm-ky-am-Wv. {]txy-in pw Jp -B\pw \_nbpw ]Tn- n- mø Hc-\m-Nm-c-Øns t]cn...! Fensb t]sn v C w NpSp- -Xp-t]m-se-bm-W-Xv. hrøn-bn- msx hy`n-nm-chpw I p- Ip-Snbp-ambn IpØ-gn p Pohn- p- -h v tnem-i Ωw snbvxmepw ap oambmepw AØcw amdm-hym-[n-ifpw ssewkni tcmk-ßfpw Iym kdpsams hcpw. tnem-i Ω-Ønse imkv{xhpw ]msn \S v kp n-i-sfbpw appm-ln-zp-i-sfbpw PamA- Øp-I-sfbpw ] n- p tumivs am CtXm p- -Xv \ -Xm-Wv. AXn-\m A mlp \ Inb G hpw D Ir-jvS-amb ico-c- Ønse, G hpw {][m-\-s Hc-h-b-h-Øn-s enwk-øns A{Kw tozn- p-sim- \mw ` n ImWn-t - -Xv. C\n P\n- m t]mip \ΩpsS Ip n-i-tfm-ss nepw \mw B {Iqc-IrXyw Im m-xn-cn- p-i. am{x-a-, kv{xo pw ]pcp-j\pw Hcp-t]mse kv] i\ kpjw \ Ip Imtam-±o-]-I-amb (Highly Erogenous) Hcp `mk-amwv B sxmen-sb v Hcp ]msv tumivs amcpw ssewkni imkv{x-hn- -Kcpw A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p. Pohn-X-Øn Hcn- epw _ncn-bmwn Xn m-øh-t\msv _ncn-bm-wn-bpss ckw ]d- n v Imcy-an- -t m...! \Ωp-sS ico-c-øn IpS-ep-am-bn _ -s v A nivkv Fs mcp `mkap v. AXn\v Nne-t mƒ AWp-_m-[bpw ho hpw Hs D m-bm "A Un-ssk- nkv' F tcmk-øn\v Imc-W-am- Ip- p. Cu tcmkw aq n- m AXn ITn-\-amb hb-dp-th-z-\bpw ]\nbpw XpS v ac-whpw kw`-hn- mw. AØcw L -ß-fn ASn- 67

36 b- nc imkv{x-{inb hgn A UnIvkv F `mkw \o n If-bmdp- v. ]X-n\m-bn-c-Øn As - n Hcp e -Øn Hcmƒ v Cßs\ "A Un-ssk- nkpw' thz-\bpw ac-whpw kw`-hn- mw- F- -Xp-sIm v F m-hcpw sn v "A Un-skIv an' F Hm td-j aptj\ "A UnIvkv' FSpØpIf-bm-dn-. Bh-iy-amb L -ß-fn DNn-X-amb NnIn \ Imw F p-am-{xw. IpS-ep-ambn _ -s - p-im-wp B A UnIvkv F `mkw Hc-\m-h-iy-amsW v BZy-Im-e-ß-fn tumivs am ]d- n-cp- p. F m a\pjys tcmk-{]-xn-tcm[ i n-bn AXn\v A{]-[m-\-a- mø Hcp ] p-s - v Ct mƒ ]d-b-s -Sp- p. "C se snbvtxm-c-_ w aqv n- søbmnm-camhmw \mfsø imkv{x-a-xm-hmw- -A-Xn aqfm-bv-i-k-ωxw...' AtX-t]mse e -Øn As - n 10 e -Øn Hcmƒ v Ipfn- msx, hrøn-bn- m-sx hy`n-nmc-hpw, I p-ip-snbpw {]IrXn hncp \S-]-Sn-I-fp-ambn \S v enwk- Øn\pw K `-]m-{x-øn\pw tbm\o \mf-øn\pw a pw Iym k h p F v ]d v t]sn- n v apkveow ]pcp-j- msc apgp-h AUzm kmbn tnem-i Ωw \SØn A]q Æ-cm- p- Xv Jp - B hncp- hpw C mw hncp- hpw a\p-jy-xz-c-ln-xhpw anx-amb `mj-bn ]d- m XnI sxωm-sn-ø-hp-amwv. \ΩpsSsbms enwkm{k N Ωhpw sim v "A_q-lp-ssd-d-Iƒ' t]mbn. \ΩpsS Ip n-isf n-epw B {Iqc-IrXy-Øn \n v c s -Ss. \_ntbm a w ^Ø-ln Iq w Iq -ambn C m-an-tebv v h ]pxp-hn-izm-kn-itfm 4 Jeo^-amtcm \_n-bpss t]c- p- n- Ifm-bn-cp lk, lpss F n-htcm B tnem-i Ωw Hcp 68 axm-nmcw F \nebv v snbvxxn\v bmsxmcp sxfn-hp-an-. F n-cns C mw ax-øn tncp-tºm-tgbv pw ]n p-ip- n-iƒ P\n p hogp-tºm-tgbv pw Ah-cpsS enwkm-{k-n Ωw AdpØpam p- Xv {Iqc-X-b-t...? aq{x-x-s w, \nc- -c-amb AWp-_m[ XpS-ßnb L -ß-fn B sxmen A w Iodnapdn- p-itbm tnem-i Ωw snøp-itbm snømw. Hcp NnIn- -bpss `mkw F \nebv v Jp - B-\nI ZrjvSym AXv sx p-a-. lnμp ktlm-z-c- mcpw IrkvXy k-tlm-z-c- mcpw Hcp NnIn F \nebv v Bh-iy-amb L -ßfn tnem-i Ωw snøm-dp- v. Jp -B-\ns ASn-ÿm-\-Øn A -c-m`ym-k-amwv H m-asø C mw Imcyw. A msx enwkw ap-dn v hni-emw-k-\m- -e-. hnzy-m`ymkan mø hnh-c-tzm-jn-i-tfmsv X n p kabw If-bmsX Ah-tcmSv "kemw' F v ]d v Hgn- p amdn-t m-cm-\mwv Jp -B ]Tn- n p- -Xv. ap oamim-\p BZysØ tbmkyx A -c-`ym-k-am-wv A msx enwkw apdn v hniemw-k-\m- e..!! AtX-k-abw Jp -B-\n-en mø Hcp \S-]-Sn-{Iaw C m-ans t]cn snøp- -Xv, Hcp h Ip hpw in n-t\m-s-spø ]m]hpam-wv. Jp -B\pw \_nbpw ]Tn- n Hcp ASn-ÿm\ kn m- -hpam-w-xv. C m-aniw F v ]d v \mw F v snøp-tºmgpw AXp Jp -B-\n ImW-Ww. AXp-sIm v Jp -Bt\m \_ntbm ]Tn- n- mø 5 t\csø ] n-bn t]mbp kwl-snx \a-kvimcw, ap Xv sx p-i-fp A p-t\c \a-kvimcw \_n ti n- n- m-øxpw Jp -B-\n\v LS-I-hn-cp- -hp-amb 7 sx p-i-fp Hcp _m p-hn-fn, kp Øv \a-kvim-c-߃, kp Øv t\mºp-iƒ, kp Øv l piƒ, l nse It -dv, l nse I p-npw-_n-, Jp - B bmsxmcp {]m[m-\yhpw ]pwyhpw \ ImØ "kwkw 69

37 sh w' hn p-im-im-, \a-kvim-c-ønse AØ-ln-ømØv HmX, Jp -B\n C m-øxpw \_n Hcn t]mepw Hcp {]m -\m-sam-gn-bmbn ]Tn n- n- n- møxpamb Bao ]d-b \a-kvim-cm-\- -c-ap Iq {]m -\, J_ ]qp, Atd_y PqX-]m-c-º-cy-amb tnem-i Ωw XpS-ßnb A\mNmc-߃ C man-i-sa v ]d v \ne \n Øm hnip Jp -B-s\bpw \_nsbbpw kvt\ln- p bym ap ow-iƒ v ]msp- -X-. A mlp \ap v \ _p n \ I-s... A mlpωv lw... k Δ-temI c n-xm-hmb A m-lp-hn- lx-s - XmIp p k Δ-kvXp-Xnbpw... aq{xxs w, aq{xmib `mkßfnse \nc camb AWp_m[ (UTI-Urinary tract Infections), enwkm _p[w (Cancer of the Penis) sseknwi tcmk߃, Ballooning of the foreskin, Phimosis XpSßn tnemi Ωw aqew C mxmip tcmkßfmbn, tumivs amcpw, auehnamcpw AhImis Sp tcmk߃, enwkw hrønbn sim v \S p txmss (Znhkhpw 3 4 XhW IgpIp txmssbpw kzmnmc PohnXw \bn p XneqsSbpw) tnem-i Ωw snømsxxs ]q Æambn C mxm m Ignbpw F p tnemi ΩØns\Xnsc {]XnIcn p tumivs am A`n{]mbs Sp p...! hrønbn \S pi F XmWp Imcyw hrønbp hscbpw ] mø]n p htcbpw sszhw CjvSs Sp p F Jp B hn\w (2:222) {i n pi

38 The End of Circumcision in America Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C) 2442 NW Market St., Suite 42 Seattle, Washington U.S.A. George C. Denniston M.D., M.P.H. President Having to justify the Foreskin is like having to justify breast feeding! Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C) th Ave., Suite 18 Seattle, Washington Tel: / Fax inconbuster@earthlinknet Fear, pain,crippling, disfigurement and humiliation are the classic ways to break the human spirit. Circumcision includes them all. thz-\n- n- p-i, `b-s -Sp-Øp-I, aps- t\m Ai- t\m B p-i, AwK-ssh-Ieyw hcp-øp-i, hnir-x-am- pi, Aham-\n v ASn- n-cp-øpi XpS-ßnb am -߃ ] p-ap-xte a\p-jy-tn-x-\sb a-\p-jys C m-i- nsb XI mt\m Ipd- mt\m D]-tbm-Kn- n-cp am -ß-fm-Wv. tnem-i Ω-Øn- CsX mw AS-ßn-bn-cn- p- p-sh v tnem-i Ω-Øn-s\-Xnsc {]Xn-Icn- p tumivs am A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp- p