MANAGEMENT OF DISEASES OF INFLORESCENCE OF MANGO

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1 MANAGEMENT OF DISEASES OF INFLORESCENCE OF MANGO MM Hsn 1, I Hossin 2, MAU Rzu 3 1 Grut stunt, 2 Profssor n 3 Ph.D. stunt Dprtmnt of Plnt Pthology, Bnglsh Agriulturl Univrsity, Mymnsingh, Bnglsh ABSTRACT M. M. Hsn, I. Hossin, M. A. U. Rzu. Mngmnt of isss of inflorsn of mngo. Bnglsh J. Plnt Pthol. 32 (1&2): Th prsnt stuy ws rri out for th ssssmnt of suitl mngmnt prtis of isss of mngo inflorsn inorporting svrl trtmnts inluing fungii (Inofil M-45), instii (Confior), iologil mn (BAU Biofungii), phytohormons (2, 4-D n NAA) n frtilizr (Ur) whih wr ppli s folir spry. Diss svrity on lvs n inflorsn ws ror highst unr ontrol trtmnt, whil lowr prntg of isss ws foun on th trt plnts. Svrity of nthrnos of mngo on lvs n inflorsn pr plnt rng from 2.03% to 2.84% n 0.31% to 2.70%, rsptivly, whr BAU-Biofungii ws foun suprior to ontrol th iss. Svrity of r rust of mngo lvs ws mximum (2.48%) in ontrol trtmnt, whil th lowst (0.50%) ws in BAU Bio-fungii spry Ky-wors: 2, 4-D, BAU-Biofungii, Mngo inflorsn plnt. Th svrity of powry milw on lvs n inflorsns pr plnt rng from 0.00% to 1.89% n 0.32% to 1.54%, rsptivly. Inofil M-45 ws foun suprior follow y BAU-Biofungii to ontrol th powry milw of mngo. Numr of mngo inflorsn, vrg with of inflorsn, numr of fruits stting, numr of ropp fruits n numr of hlthy fruits wr rng from 0.33 to 2.33, 0.23 to 1.48 m, 0.84 to 37.50, 0.11 to 1.22 n 0.56 to 23.66, rsptivly, whr BAU- Biofungii ws foun suprior n Confior ws foun goo for inst infsttion of mngo. Consiring th ovrll finings of th stuy, it ws foun tht, folir spry of BAU-Biofungii long with Confior is suitl for th mngmnt of isss of mngo inflorsn. INTRODUCTION1 Mngo (Mngifr ini L.) is vry populr n liious fruit in Bnglsh. It is onsir s "King of th orintl fruits". It is wily grown ll ovr Bnglsh with th qulity mngos solly onntrt in th north-wstrn rs spilly grtr Rjshhi, Dinjpur n Rngpur (Krim 1985). Mngo rnks thir mong th tropil fruits grown in th worl. Th Foo n Agriultur Orgniztion (FAO 2014) of th Unit Ntions stimts worlwi proution t nrly 37,043,000 tons in In Bnglsh mngo rnks son fruit in trms of r n thir in proution. Bnglsh prou mtri ton of mngo in r of mngo orhr uring th prio of (BBS 2014). On of th rsons hin th low yil is isss us y fungi, tri, nmto, viruss t. In Bnglsh 18 mngo isss hv n rport. Among ths nin r mjor n th rst r minor (Mh n Khn 1987). Although hug numr of frmrs r ngg in prouing proution of mngo ut thy fil to prou qulity fruits u to lk of thir knowlg out isss n thir mngmnt Bnglsh Phytopthologil Soity Morovr, mngmnt of mngo lvs n inflorsn isss r nglt most of th tims. As rsult, most of th orhrs in th ountry r in srious prolm of proution of hlthy fruits. Among th isss, Inflorsn isss r importnt onsirtion for mngo proution, us hlthy inflorsns r prim n n si rw mtril for proution of th fruits. Thrfor, th prsnt stuy ws rri out for th suitl mngmnt prtis inluing fungiis n BAU-Biofungii for ontrolling iss inflorsn of mngo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Th xprimnt ws rri out in th orhr of Profssor Dr. Ahsn Bin Hi, Bnglsh Agriulturl Univrsity mpus, Mymnsingh uring th prio from Jnury 2015 to My Th soil of th orhr is sny lom in txtur hving ph 5.5 to 6.8. Soil olor is rk gry u to rih in orgni mttr ontnt. Th xprimnt ws li out in Rnomiz Complt Blok Dsign (RCBD) with thr rplitions. Norml gronomi prtis n frtiliztion wr us for th stuy s pr rommn os of Frtilizr Rommntion Gui (BARC, 2012). For th ontrol of inflorsn isss of mngo, nin iffrnt Vol. 32, No. 1 & 2,

2 trtmnts wr mploy viz. T 1= 2 tims irrigtion ppli in th 10 ys intrvl, T 2 = 4 tims irrigtion ppli in th 10 ys intrvl, T 3 =Inofil ppli@ 2g/L s folir spry, T 4 = BAU- Biofungii 3% ppli s folir spry, T 5= 2, 4-D 12ppm s folir spry, T 6 = NAA 40ppm s folir spry, T 7 = Ur 4% s folir 4%, T 8 = Confior 0.2 g/l s folir spry n T 9 = ontrol. Th spry solution/suspnsion ws prpr y mixing rquir mount of hmil or BAU- Biofungii with tp wtr n sprying ws on with th hlp of Foot-pump spryr. Only wtr ws spry in s of ontrol plots. Dt wr ror on iss svrity of lvs, iss svrity of inflorsns n fruits, numr of pnil n it, s rnhs, lngth n with of pnils/plnt, numr of fruit stting/inflorsn, numr of hlthy fruits/inflorsn n numr of iss fruits/inflorsn t n intrvl of 10 ys. Th iss svrity ws vlut y th following formul of Johnston (2010). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Diss svrity of lvs Th trtmnts signifintly ru th % svrity of nthrnos of mngo lvs ovr ontrol (Tl 1). Th svrity of nthrnos t loom stg tht rng from 2.10 to 3.07%, whr th highst n lowst ounts wr m in T 9 (Control) n T 6 (NAA 40 ppm s folir spry), rsptivly. Th svrity of nthrnos t pinh stg tht rng from to 2.83%, whr th highst n lowst ounts wr m in T 9 (Control) n T 4 (BAU- Biofungii 3% s folir spry), rsptivly. Agin, th svrity of nthrnos t p stg tht rng from 1.87 to 2.63%, whr th highst n lowst ounts wr m in T 9 (Control) n T 3 (Inofil 2g/L s folir spry), rsptivly. Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (2.84%) svrity of nthrnos ws ror in T 9 (ontrol) n th lowst (2.03%) ws ror in T 4 (BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry). Th finings r lso support y Sth (2011) n Bsk (2013). In s of lf spot, th trtmnts signifintly ru th % svrity of lf spot of mngo lvs ovr ontrol. Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (3.12%) svrity of lf spot ws ror in T 9 (ontrol) n th lowst (2.15%) ws ror in T 4 (BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry). Aoring to Prkr t l. (2008) Trihorm hrzinum inhiit ffts in rrsting th nthrnos iss usl pthogn Colltotrihum gloosporiois. For r rust, th trtmnts signifintly ru th % svrity of r rust of mngo lvs ovr ontrol (Tl 1). Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (2.84%) svrity of r rust ws ror in T 9 (ontrol) n th lowst (0.50%) ws ror in T4 (BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry). Positiv fft of BAU Bio-fungii n fungiis viz. Mnz in ontrolling isss of mngo hs lso n rport y Siiqui t l. (1987), Rz n Kr (1995), Aktr t l. (2002), Mortuz (2007), Srkr (2008) n Chowhury (2009). Tl 1. Efft of iffrnt mngmnt prtis on % iss svrity of lvs of mngo % Diss svrity of Lvs Anthrnos Lf spot R rust Bloom Pinh P Bloom Pinh Bloom Pinh P P stg stg stg T T T T T T T T T LSD signifin ** ** ** - ** ** * - ** ** ** - 38 Bnglsh J. Plnt Pthol.

3 Figurs in olumn with sm lttr(s) o not iffr signifintly. ** = Signifint t 1% lvl of proility T 1 = 2 tims 10 ys intrvl, T 2 = 4 tims 10 ys intrvl, T 3 = Inofil M-45 2g/L s folir spry, T 4 = BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry, T 5 = 2, 4-D 12 ppm s folir spry, T 6 = NAA 40 ppm s folir spry, T 7 = Ur 4% s folir spry, T 8 = Confior 0.2g/L s folir spry n T 9 = Control. Diss svrity of inflorsn Th trtmnts signifintly ru th % svrity of nthrnos of mngo inflorsn ovr ontrol (Tl 2). Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (2.70%) svrity of nthrnos of inflorsn ws ror in T 9 (ontrol) n th lowst (0.30%) ws ror in T 4 (BAU- Biofungii 3% s folir spry). In s of powry milw, th trtmnts signifintly ru th % svrity of powry milw of mngo inflorsn ovr ontrol. Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (1.51%) svrity of powry milw ws ror in T 9 (ontrol) n th lowst (0.32%) ws ror in T 3 (Inofil 2g/L s folir spry). Applition of Inofil M-45 follow y BAU-Biofungii rsult mximum rution of iss svrity of powry milw of lvs n inflorsns ompr to ll othr trtmnts. Ths finings of th prsnt stuy hs n support y Anso n Oltun (1989), Huq t l. (1994), Brnl t l. (1998), Noguir t l. (1998) n Prsji t l. (2004). Tl 2. Efft of iffrnt mngmnt prtis on % iss svrity of inflorsn of mngo % Diss svrity of Inflorsn Anthrnos Powry milw Bloom Pinh Pinh P stg Bloom stg P stg stg stg stg T T f T f f T f 0.00 f 0.40 f T f T T T T LSD signifin ** ** ** - ** ** ** - Figurs in olumn with sm lttr(s) o not iffr signifintly. ** = Signifint t 1% lvl of proility T 1 = 2 tims 10 ys intrvl, T 2 = 4 tims 10 ys intrvl, T 3 = Inofil M-45 2g/L s folir spry, T 4 = BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry, T 5 = 2, 4-D 12 ppm s folir spry, T 6 = NAA 40 ppm s folir spry, T 7 = Ur 4% s folir spry, T 8 = Confior 0.2g/L s folir spry n T 9 = Control. Inflorsn prmtrs Th trtmnts signifintly inrs th formtion of mngo inflorsns pr plnt ovr ontrol (Tl 3). Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (2.33) numr of inflorsn ws ror in T 4 (BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry) n th lowst (0.33) ws ror in T 9 (Control). Th trtmnts signifintly inrs numr of rnhs pr inflorsn ovr ontrol. Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (7.33) numr of rnhs wr ror in T 4 (Inofil 2g/L s folir spry) n th lowst () ws ror in T 9 (Control). Th trtmnts signifintly inrs th lngth of inflorsn ovr ontrol. Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (22.81 m) lngth of inflorsn ws ror in T 3 (Inofil 2g/L s folir spry) n th lowst (2.59) ws ror in T 9 (Control). Th trtmnts signifintly inrs th with of inflorsn ovr ontrol. Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Bloom, pinh n mrl stg), th highst (1.48 m) with ws ror in T 4 (BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry) n th lowst (0.23 m) ws ror in T 9 (Control). Vol. 32, No. 1 & 2,

4 Tl 3. Efft of iffrnt mngmnt prtis on inflorsn prmtrs of mngo Inflorsn prmtrs Numr of inflorsn/ plnt Numr of rnhs/ Inflorsn Lngth of Inflorsn (m) With of Inflorsn (m) Bloom Pinh P Bloom Pinh P Bloom Pinh Bloom Pinh P P stg stg stg stg stg stg T f 2.33 f g 6.30 g 6.10 f f g 0.26 T g 6.80 g 6.50 f f 0.42 T T T f T T f T T f 0.33 g g 2.60 h 2.67 h 2.50 g f f g 0.23 LSD signifin ** ** ** - ** ** ** - ** ** ** - ** ** ** - Figurs in olumn with sm lttr(s) o not iffr signifintly. ** = Signifint t 1% lvl of proility T 1 = 2 tims 10 ys intrvl, T 2 = 4 tims 10 ys intrvl, T 3 = Inofil M-45 2g/L s folir spry, T 4 = BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry, T 5 = 2, 4-D 12 ppm s folir spry, T 6 = NAA 40 ppm s folir spry, T 7 = Ur 4% s folir spry, T 8 = Confior 0.2g/L s folir spry n T 9 = Control. Fruit prmtrs Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Pinh n mrl stg), th highst (37.50) numr of fruits wr ror in T 4 (BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry) n th lowst (0.84) ws ror in T 9 (Control) s shown in Tl 4. Th trtmnts signifintly inrs th numr of ropp fruits pr inflorsns ovr ontrol. Ovrll, onsiring th mn of ropp fruits of pinh, p n mrl stg, th highst (1.22) fruits ropping wr ror in T 9 (Control) n th lowst (0.11) ws ror in T 4 (3% BAU Bio-fungii ppli s folir spry). Th trtmnts signifintly ru th numr of ropp fruits pr inflorsns ovr ontrol. Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Pinh, mrl n p stg), th highst () numr of iss fruit ws ror in T 9 (Control) n th lowst (0.56) ws ror in T 4 (BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry). Th trtmnts signifintly inrs th formtion of hlthy fruits pr inflorsns ovr ontrol. Consiring olltion of t of ll th stgs (Pinh, mrl n p stg), th highst (23.66) hlthy fruits wr ror in T 4 (BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry) n th lowst (0.56) ws ror in T 9 (Control). From th finings of th prsnt stuy it my onlu tht BAU-Biofungii s n o-frinly mns n sussfully us of mngo. But mor stuis r to rri out in iffrnt mngo growing rs of th ountry. 40 Bnglsh J. Plnt Pthol.

5 Tl 4. Efft of iffrnt mngmnt prtis on fruit prmtrs of mngo Fruit prmtrs Numr of fruits / inflorsn Numr of ropp fruits / inflorsn Numr of iss fruits / inflorsn Numr of hlthy fruits / inflorsn Pinh P Pinh P Mrl Pinh P Mrl Pinh P Mrl stg stg T 1 f f f f f 0.88 T f f f f 1.55 T T T T T f 1.78 T T 9 f f f f f 0.56 LSD signifin ** ** - ** ** ** - ** ** ** - ** ** ** - Figurs in olumn with sm lttr(s) o not iffr signifintly. ** = Signifint t 1% lvl of proility T 1 = 2 tims 10 ys intrvl, T 2 = 4 tims 10 ys intrvl, T 3 = Inofil M-45 2g/L s folir spry, T 4 = BAU-Biofungii 3% s folir spry, T 5 = 2, 4-D 12 ppm s folir spry, T 6 = NAA 40 ppm s folir spry, T 7 = Ur 4% s folir spry, T 8 = Confior 0.2g/L s folir spry n T 9 = Control. Vol. 32, No. 1 & 2,

6 LITERATURE CITED Akhtr, M.A., Ahm n Msu, A Evlution of grohmils ginst nthrnos of mngo. Intgrt Plnt Diss Mngmnt. Proings of 3 r Ntionl Confrn of Plnt Pthology, NARC, Islm 1-3 Ot. 2001; pp BARC, Frtilizr Rommntion Gui Eition: Sixth. Pulishr: Bnglsh Agriulturl Rsrh Counil. ISBN: Bsk, R.P Efft of ntiiotis n BAU- Biofungii in ontrolling tril lf light of mngo n lithi. MS Thsis, Dprtmnt of Plnt Pthology, Bnglsh Agriulturl Univrsity, Mymnsigh. PP. vi. BBS, Monthly Sttistil ulltin, Bnglsh. Bnglsh Buru of Sttistis, Sttistis Division, Ministry of Plnning, Govt. of th Popls' Rpuli of Bnglsh, Dhk. 55 p. Chowhury, M.S.M S n sling isss of som slt fruits of Bnglsh. Ph.D. Thsis, Dprtmnt of Plnt Pthology, Bnglsh Agriulturl Univrsity, Mymnsingh. 100 p. FAO, Proution Yr Book. Sttistil Sris No Foo n Agriultur Orgniztion, Rom, Itly. 182 p. Johnston, P.R., Th importn of phylogny in unrstning of host rltionship within Colltotrihum. In: Prusky D, Dikmn MB n Frmn S. (Es) Colltotrihum host spifiity. Pthogniity n hostpthogn intrtions. St. Pul, Minnsot. USA: APS Prss. pp Mh, M.B. n Khn A.A Annul progrss rport ( ). Survy of isss of som importnt fruit n vgtl rops of Bnglsh. Dprtmnt of Plnt Pthology, Bnglsh Agriulturl Univrsity, Mymnsingh. 12 p. Prkr, K., Rguhnr, T., Srvnkumrm, D., Muthulkshmi, P., Prthin, V.K. n Prksm, V Mngmnt of post hrvst iss of mngo nthrnos init y Colltotrihum gloosporiois. Arhivs of Phytopthology n Plnt Prottion 41(5), Rz, M.M.A. n Kr, K.A Effiy of prhrvst fil sprys of fungii on th ontrol of nthrnos n stm rot of mngo. Annul Rport. Rgionl Hortiultur Rsrh Sttion, Chpi Nwgnj. pp Srkr, S.R Nursry isss of Mngo n thir mngmnt. MS. Thsis. Dprtmnt of Plnt Pthology, Bnglsh Agriulturl Univrsity, Mymnsingh. pp Sth, M.S.N Mngmnt of nursry isss of guv n lithi. MS. Thsis. Dprtmnt of Plnt Pthology, Bnglsh Agriulturl Univrsity, Mymnsingh. pp 1-2, 21. Siiqui, S.J., Snooj, K., Mht, N. n Ymngi, R Biohmil hngs uring mlformtion in mngo ultivrs s influn y vrious hmils, pstiis 21(3): Bnglsh J. Plnt Pthol.