Effect of Various Treatments on Seed Germination Characteristics of Wild Ziziphus (Ziziphus spina-christi)

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1 Worl Appli Sins Journl 17 (7): , 12 ISSN IDOSI Pulitions, 12 Et o Vrious Trtmnts on S Grmintion Chrtristis o Wil Ziziphus (Ziziphus spin-hristi) Aolhossin Aoutli, Hm Hsnz n Mhi Hossini Frhi 1 Dprtmnt o Hortiultur Sin, Jhrom Brnh, Islmi Az Univrsity, Jhrom, Irn 2 M.S in Hortiultur n Spilist o Min Agriulturl Rsrh Sttion, Rsptivly 3 Young Rsrh Clu, Ysouj Brnh, Islmi Az Univrsity, Ysouj, Irn Astrt: Nowys, propgtion o goo Ziziphus ultivrs ws on y uing or grting on wil Ziziphus slings. Hr norp is on o th rrirs on s grmintion n rootstok proution. This stuy ws onut to vlut th t o irn trtmnts (ontrol, 24 hours soking in tp wtr, igst ss, sriition with suluri i or 30, 60 n 1 minuts, grvl sn n strtiition or 1, 3 n 6 wks) on wil Ziziphus s grmintion in ompltly rnomiz sign with our rplitions. Trt ss wr sowing in plsti gs ontining mixtur o sny soil n y mnur. On th sis o rsults, th highst n lowst grmintion prntg ws osrv in 1 n 3 wks strtiition rsptivly, lthough grmintion prntg in trtmnts o sriition with suluri i ws in goo rng. It n onlu tht tht unr th onition o this xprimnt, 3 wk strtiition (4-5 C) with 78.8 % grmintion ws th st trtmnts. Ky Wors: Ziziphus Strtiition Sriition S Grmintion INTRODUCTION immitly or tr soking in wtr or 24 hours [3]. Highst grmintion (92%) otin in Suluri i All spis o Ziziphus gnus hv miinl trtmnt or 60 min n highst grmintion vloity in proprtis n som spis r using in hlthy this trtmnt n soking in wtr or 24 hours. Si t inustris or proution o hrl nti-sru shmpoo l. [4] or inrs o Ziziphus spin-hristi L. s n hir nourging. Som ultivrs lso prou ig grmintion utiliz Suluri i 97% or 30, 60 n 1 n il ruits tht ition to supply ivin o oy minuts, vry in mry ppr n rking in s ot. rquirmnts, r goo sour o Asori i [1]. Bsis on rsults Suluri i or 1 minuts h highst Propgtion o sirl Ziziphus ultivrs or hrvst o grmintion prnt ut h not signiint irn to l n ruit is vi grting. Grt Ziziphus tr usully othr trtmnts xpt to Suluri i or 30 minuts. All is prouing vi rootstok proution rom wil Ziziphus trtmnts xpt Suluri i or 30 minuts, rs (Ziziphus spin-hristi L.) n thn uing o Inin tim urtion until grmintion ginning to 2-4 ys n ultivrs (Z. muritin L.) on it. In this rltion, hr rh to 50% grmintion to ys. Nsiri n norp is on o th rrirs on s grmintion n Eisvn [5] in vlut th t o Suluri i on rootstok proution. Sriition y using propr ormny rk n grmintion o Alizi julirissin trtmnts n inrs grmintion prnt n n Crtoni siliqu oun tht in Alizi julirissin rs urtion o rootstok proution tim. In ntur, with inrs o Suluri i onntrtion, grmintion s ot mk sot y vrious tors suh s prnt n vloity inrs n highst grmintion mhnil wr, rpt rzing n mlting, soil prnt osrv in pplition o Suluri i 50%. In miroorgnism ttk, pssing rom igstiv systm o xprimnt on Crtoni siliqu ss, with inrs o irs n mmmlin n ir [1, 2]. In s sriition Suluri i onntrtion, grmintion prnt n o Shizoloium mzonium y i trt th ss vloity rs n highst grmintion prnt y Suluri i or, 40 n 60 minuts n sow otin in ontrol trtmnt (without pplition o Corrsponing Author: Aolhossin Aoutli, Dprtmnt o Hortiultur Sin, Jhrom Brnh, Islmi Az Univrsity, Jhrom, Irn. 900

2 Suluri i) n lowst in Suluri i 50%. Th rsults vloity whrs trt ss with Suluri i o this stuy show tht Suluri i hs vrious ts 98% h low grmintion prnt. Hssn t l. [14] on rk o s ormny in irn spis. Ni oun tht sriition with snppr or trtmnt t l. [6] in ssssmnt o tiv mthos in ormny with sulphuri i (94%) or 10 or minuts ws rk n inrs o s grmintion o Rhum ris most tiv in rking s ormny n lso oun tht th s o this plnt hs physiologi trtmnt with oiling wtr ws intiv in ormny us highst grmintion prnt (96%) rking ormny o Z. muront. Th im o this otin in intgrt trtmnt o moist hilling or 25 stuy ws invstigt th t o vrious ys in 2 C n GA 3 50 mg/l. Hojti t l. [7] in vlut trtmnts on s grmintion o wil ziziphus th t o Suluri i, GA 3 n tmprtur on s (Ziziphus spin-hristi). grmintion o Cys rvolu osrv highst grmintion prnt in stor ss in 5 C n trt y MATERIALS AND METHODS mg/l GA3 or 48 hours n Suluri i or 30 minuts. Ssni t l. [8] in ssssmnt o moist hilling, hormonl In orr to vlut th t o vrious trtmnts trtmnts n storg prio on ormny rk n on grmintion o wil Ziziphus s, ws onut n grmintion o Bunium prsium s oun tht 10 xprimnt in ompltly rnomiz sign with 10 wks moist hilling long thr yrs storing prio in trtmnts n 4 rplitions in Agriulturl Rsrhs optimum onition, is l to inrs o s Sttion o Min Hormozgn Irn, uring 09. grmintion. Furthrmor hormonl trtmnts suh s Trtmnts ws onsist ontrol, 24 hours soking in tp Kintin n GA3 h signiint t on inrs o s wtr, igst ss y shp, soking in Suluri i grmintion. Pivtt t l. [9] hrvst th ruit o typil or 30, 60 n 1 minuts, sriition y grvl sn plm (Sygrus shizophyll) in thr stg o mturity n strtiition or 1, 3 n 6 wks. Digst s ws n sow with or without sriition. Bsis on rsults, ollt rom shp mnur. Ths ss h n th s o ull ripning ruits with sriition h rmin o shp ing rom shoot n ruit o wil highst grmintion prnt. Hrrnz t l. [10] vlut Ziziphus. In Suluri i trtmnts, tr inishing o tmprtur rng rom 50 to 150 C or 1 to 60 minuts in onsir tim (30, 60 n 1 minuts) th ss orr to s grmintion o our Lgum spis. Rsults ompltly wsh n or 30 minuts wr put unr show tht 90 C or minuts, 1 C or 5-10 lowing wtr. In sriition y grvl sn trtmnt, minuts n 150 C or 1 minut wr th most tiv th ss wr pil up in plsti ontinr long ngl trtmnts or inrs o grmintion. Aost n grvl n h n shking or 3 hours ontinuously. Roriquz [11] in stuy on s grmintion o Lupinus In strtiition trtmnt, th ss in mix to sn montnus osrv highst grmintion in Suluri i n wtr (sn n wtr mixtur thr tims o s trtmnt or 15 minuts in light (100%) n rknss volum) wr put on rrigrtor with 4-5 C tmprtur (98%). Hrtly t l. [12] in stuy on grmintion o Z. n thn wsh. Thn trt ss wr sow in pot rignoni s in rus o two spis o Rok Iguns n wr msur grmint ss numr ily. (Cylur sp) in Dominin rpuli oun tht Thrtr wr lult th trits o y to grmintion grmintion vloity o ths ss ws mor thn (numr o y rom sowing until grmint o th irst ontrol. In ttntiv to hr norp o Ziziphus s s), y to 50% grmintion (numr o y rom n n to sriition trtmnts, our stuy ws sowing until grmint o hl o ss), grmintion prorm or ss to th trtmnt with mximum prnt (grmint s numr with rgr to 100), grmintion vlu. grmintion isprsion (numr o y rom grmint o Khlghi t l. [13] in vlut th ts o Suluri irst to ltst s), pk vlu (umult grmintion i n hot wtr on grmintion trits o Tmrin n prnt until th y tht grmint highst s numr Ai ss oun tht trt Tmrin ss y ivision to y numr to rh this stg rom Suluri i 98% or 30 minuts h highst grmintion xprimnt ginning), mn ily grmintion (totl prnt n vloity. Rsults o Ai xprimnt grmint ss ivision to totl ys o xprimnt) n show tht hot wtr 90 C trtmnt ls to k o grmintion vlu (mn ily grmintion pk vlu) s ormny thn Suluri i 98% so tht sis on Cruz t l. [3]. Finlly, otin t wr rommn hot wtr trtmnt or 5 son s th st nlyz y MSTAT-C sotwr n th mns ompr trtmnt in viwpoint o grmintion prnt n with Dunn s multipl rng tsts. 901

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION trtmnt. Th highst grmintion prnt ws osrv in 1 wk strtiition trtmnt (94.7%) n th lowst On sis o nlysis o vrin rsults, in ll in 3 wks strtiition trtmnt (78.7%) (Fig 1). vlut trits th trtmnts h signiint irn Anyhow grmintion vloity n othr grmintion trits togthr in 1% lvl. Group omprison o trtmnts in 3 wks strtiition trtmnt ws mor thn othr show tht in trits o y to grmintion ginning n trtmnts. Th highst grmintion vloity ws in y to 50% grmintion, thr ws signiint irn Suluri i or 30 minuts whrs th lowst ws in 3 twn ontrol n othr trtmnts in 5% lvl. In wks strtiition trtmnt. 3 wks strtiition rltion to grmintion prnt, pk vlu n trtmnt h th highst pk vlu (4.74), mn ily grmintion vlu thr ws signiint irn grmintion (2.81) n grmintion vlu (13.31). twn ontrol n othr trtmnts in 1% lvl. Ni t l. [6] in Rhum ris n Ssni t l. [8] in In grmintion isprsion n mn ily grmintion Bunium prsium lso introu strtiition trtmnt thr ws no signiint irn twn ontrol in viwpoint o grmintion prnt n vloity. n othr trtmnts. In ll msur trits xpt Gnrlly, on sis o th rsults, ii trtmnts n y to 50% grmintion, thr ws signiint irn sriition y grvl wr in th lowr lvl thn ontrol twn ii n strtiition trtmnts in 1% lvl trtmnt (Tl 2). On th othr hn, inings o Si (Tl 1). t l. (08) [12] on Ziziphus, Khlghi t l. [4] on Mns omprison show tht th signiint Tmrin, Nsiri n Eisvn [5] on Alizi julirissin inlun o vrious trtmnts on vlut trits. Th n Hojti t l. [7] on Cys rvolut h n ss grmint vry str in 3 n 6 wks introu Suluri i s th st trtmnt. strtiition trtmnts thn othr trtmnts with Invstigtion o Nsiri n Eisvn [5] on Crtoni signiint irn (Fig. 2). Th lowst y to 50% siliqu show tht ii trtmnts hv ngtiv grmintion (11 ys) otin in 3 wks strtiition inlun on grmintion. Tl 1: Anlysis o vrin o th t o trtmnts on vlut trits in wil Ziziphus Evlut trits Dy to Dy to 50% Grmintion Grmintion Mn ily Grmintion S.V grmintion grmintion prnt isprsion Pk vlu grmintion vlu Trtmnt Error Coiint o Vrition Comprison ontrol to othr trtmnts * * ns ns Comprison ii to strtiition trtmnts ns ns: not signiint, *: signiint in 5%,: signiint in 1%. Tl 2: Mn omprison th t o trtmnts on vlut trits o wil Ziziphus trtmnts trits Dy to 50% grmintion Grmintion isprsion Pk vlu Mn ily grmintion Grmintion vlu Control Soking or 24 hours g igst s Suluri i (minut) Strtiition (wk) Sriition y grvl 33 g Mns with sm lttr in h olumn hv not signiint irn in 1% lvl o DMRT tst. 902

4 prntg grmintion % ontrol soking igst H2SO4-60min H2SO4-30min H2SO4-1min strtiition1wk strtiition3wks strtiition6wks grvl sriition Fig. 1: Comprison th t o trtmnts on grmintion prntg o wil Ziziphus y to grmintion ginning ontrol soking igst H2SO4-60min H2SO4-30min H2SO4-1min strtiition1wk strtiition3wks strtiition6wks grvl sriition Fig. 2: Comprison th t o trtmnts on y to grmintion ginning o wil Ziziphus Dt otin in this xprimnt rvl tht us 3. Cruz, E.D., J.E.U. Crvlho n trtmnts hv positiv or ngtiv ts on s R.J.B. Quiroz, 07. Sriition with grmintion o wil Ziziphus. Aii trtmnts n Suluri i o Shizoloium mzonium sriition y grvl h inlun on som ss-f. Si. Agri. (Piri, Brz), vlut trits. Whrs strtiition trtmnts h 64(3): n th highst inlun on vlut trits it sms to 4. Si, A.S., J. Gur n A. Burkrt, 08. wil Ziziphus s in ition to hr s ot ormny Ets o irnt sriition mthos on lso hv n physiologi ormny ut inrs o grmintion o Ziziphus spin-hristi ss. strtiition urtion will hv inlun. On this Intrntionl S Tsting Assoition. sis n rommning th 3 wks strtiition 5. Nsiri, M. n H.R. Eisvn, 01. trtmnt in wil Ziziphus s or rh to th highst Evlution th t o Suluri i grmintion vloity, grmintion vlu n pk vlu on ormny rk n grmintion o unr this xprimnt onition. Alizi julirissin n Crtoni siliqu ss. Irnin Journl o Gnti n ring REFERENCES Rsrhs o Pstur n Forst Plnts, 8: Khoshkhoui, M., Plnt propgtion, 6. Ni, M., P. Roshnl n prinipls n mthos. Vol 1, Shirz Univrsity A.R. Mohmmkhni, 11. Etiv mthos Prss, pp: 427. or ormny rk n inrs o s 2. Blzih, F.A., 02. Ovroming s ormny: grmintion in Rhum ris. Irnin Sintii trss n shrus. North Crolin Cooprtiv Rsrhing Ssonl o Miinl n Aromti Extnsion Srvi. Plnts, 27(2):

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