Screening of Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Varieties for Salt Tolerance in Semi-Arid Soil of Northern Nigeria

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1 Worl Journl o Ariulturl Sins 6 (4): , 200 ISSN IDOSI Pulitions, 200 Srnin o Millt (Pnnistum luum L.) Vritis or Slt Tolrn in Smi-Ari Soil o Northrn Niri 2 H. Ykuu, A.L. Nl n I.Y. Duj Dprtmnt o Soil Sin, Univrsity o Miuuri, P.M.B. 069 Miuuri, Borno Stt, Niri 2 Dprtmnt o Crop Proution, Univrsity o Miuuri, P.M.B. 069 Miuuri, Borno Stt, Niri Astrt: A onsirl proportion o th rl ln ropp with prl millt in northrn Niri is t y slt onntrtion. Pot xprimnts wr onut t Miuuri in Sun svnn to trmin th inlun o NCl onntrtion on rowth n nutrint ontnt o prl millt. Th trtmnts ompris o thr NCl onntrtions: 0.0,.4336 n 2.504/k o soil n iv prl millt vritis: Ex-Borno (Smmil-), Miw, SE-3 (Smmil-6, Yr-Mui n Buum, rrn in ompltly rnomiz sin n rplit thr tims. Grmintion prnt, plnt hiht, shoot n root ry wihts siniintly wr rs with inrsin soil sliniztion. Millt vrity, Miw ws siniintly suprior to th othr vritis in th xprssion o ths prmtrs. N, P, K, C n M Conntrtions wr lso siniintly rs with inrsin NCl onntrtions, ut N n Cl umultion inrs in th plnt tissus.th hihst vlus o N, P n K, N, C + M n Cl wr osrv or Ex-Borno, Yr-Mui, SE_3, Miw n Buum, rsptivly. Th siniint NCl onntrtion n millt vrity intrtion ts rvl tht, oth rowth prmtrs n plnt nutrint ontnts siniintly rs with inrsin soil sliniztion or ll vritis. Howvr, th Miw vrity ws rltivly mor tolrnt to soil sliniztion s it xprss suprior nutrint ontnt n rowth prmtr. Th vrity oul thror possss suprior inhrnt nti hrtristis tht oul ssist in th intiition o suprior ns or slt tolrn in prl millt or improvin its proutivity in th rion. Ky wors: Srnin Millt Vritis Slt Tolrn Smi-ri INTRODUCTION Plnt rown in soil with hih slt lvls n lso xhiit symptoms o slrosis, l n/or poor vttiv rowth Prl millt (Pnnistum luum (L) R. Br.) is n [9, 0]. importnt stpl oo rop in smi-ri rion o Northrn Emrn n rly rowth o millt r ritil Niri, whr soil slinity survy rvl tht sts or th stlishmnt o millt or hih yil []. onsirl proportion o th rl ln is slt t Grmintion n slin hrtristi r th most [-3]. Aumultion o solul slts in soils l to usul ritri us or sltin slt tolrn in plnts unvorl soil-plnt-wtr-ir rltionships [4, 5]. []. Slt inhiition o s rmintion oul Othrr stuis init tht soil slinity uss rution ttriut to osmoti strss [2] or y ion toxiity [3]. in osmoti potntil lin to ru wtr us n Low rmintion is lso rlt to slinity inu stunt rowth in miz (Z mys L. ) plnt [6]. Slinity isturn o mtoli pross lin to inrss in inu rution in rop rowth hv n ssoit phnoli ompouns [4]. Slinity u to NCl with th rution in nutrints uptk o rounnut onntrtion n ru rmintion rt, root n (Arhis hypo L) plnt [7]. Intnsiv stuis y shoot lnth n rsh root n shoot wihts o Hjr t l. [8] show tht slinity strss rins out Amrnthus [5]. Ru rmintion rt, root n hns in rowth morpholoy n physioloy o roots shoot ry mttr wiht n nutrints uptk y sorhum whih t wtr n nutrints uptk y tomto. (Sorhum iolor L.) Munh.) plnt unr sliniz Corrsponin Author: H. Ykuu, Dprtmnt o Soil Sin, Univrsity o Miuuri, P.M.B. 069 Miuuri, Borno Stt, Niri. E-mil: hykuu2009@mil.om 374

2 Worl J. Ari. Si., 6 (4): , 200 onition hv n osrv [6]. Ths workrs lso [9]. Chlorin ws nlyz y ition o 0.25 CCO3 rport vrition mon th sorhum vritis in thir n w rops o K2Cr2O 4 initor to th xtrt n tolrn to soil slinity. thn titrt inst ANO 3. Potssium n Soium wr Thr is limit vill inormtion on th t o msur y lm photomtry n C n M y EDTA soil slinity on prl millt. Thror, this stuy ws titrtion [20]. Dt nrt wr sujt to nlysis rri out to invstit th inlun o NCl slinity on o vrin usin th nlytil sotwr (sttistix Vr. s rmintion, slin rowth n nutrints 3.,) n siniint irns wr ompr usin omposition o millt vritis rown unr ontroll Dunn multipl rn tst [2]. onitions with viw to intiyin th most tolrnt vritis to soi soils in th rion. RESULT AND DISCUSSION MATERIALS AND METHODS Et o NCL Slt on Soil Chmil Proprtis: Slt soil proprtis msur or plntin r A pot xprimnt ws onut to osrv th prsnt in Tl. Th EC n ESP vri inlun o NCl onntrtions on rmintion, rly onsirly twn trtmnts s rsult o soium rowth (plnt hiht, root n shoot ry wihts) n hlori sliniztion. nutrint uptk o millt. Th xprimnt ws rri out in srn hous t th Fulty o Ariultur, Univrsity Et o Slinity on Slin Emrn: Slins o Miuuri-Niri. Miuuri lls in th svnn mrn o millt vritis ws siniintly t y rooloy with smi-ri limt. Th soil us ws slt trtmnts (Tl 2). Th mn prnt mrn ollt rom n unultivt ln in th rsrh rm ws rs rom or ontrol (.70 Sm ) to n hs n lssii s Typi ustipsmmnt [7]. Eh n t 6.77 n.75 Sm o th slt, rsptivly. plsti pot ontin 6k o soil, th pots wr prort Th rution in rmintion prnt n th o th t ottom to ilitt rin. Th trtmnts onsist slins my ttriut to th omin t o o thr lvls o NCl slts:0.0 (s );.4336 (s 2) n osmoti strss n spii ion toxiity [3]. Hihr (s 3) NCl/K soil n iv millt vritis onntrtion o slt is lso known to ru th wtr (Ex-Borno, SE-3; Miw; Yr- Mui n Buum). potntil in th mium whih hinrs wtr sorption Th trtmnts wr rplit thr tims n rrn y rmintin ss n thus rus rmintion [22]. in ompltly rnomiz sin. Th soil ws thorouhly Slinity n isrupt th norml quilirium o mix with th slt trtmnts n lnkt os o physioloil pross in plnt, lin to th [23]. Th ur n KH2PO 4 orrsponin to 00k N/h rs in rmintion prnt with inrsin slt n 30k P/h n 20k K/h, rsptivly. Th soil onntrtion is in rmnt with Gulzr t l. [24]; ws nlyz or ph, ltril onutivity (EC) n Mouromil n Linro [25] n Chirom t l. [26]. xhnl soium prnt (ESP). Tn ss wr Th millt vritis ir siniintly (P=0.05) in sown pr pot n mnully irrit with -ioniz mrn prnt t ll trtmnt lvls. Miw h wtr vry two ys. th hihst mn rmintion prnt (66.67), whil Ex- Grmintion ounts wr ror n th slins Borno n Yr-Mui ror th lowst (4.0%) or wr thinn own to thr stns pr pot tr th h. Ths rsults r in lin with Jnntt t l. [27] mrn h s. Plnt hiht ws msur wkly who oun vrition in mrn prnt mon or thr wks. Plnts wr hrvst t 2 ys tr Phsolus spis rown in slin mi. Thy ssum sowin, shoots n roots sprt n wsh tht this irntil rsponss to slinity ws u to thorouhly to rmov irt n othr ontminnts. Th nti vrition mon th rop spis. plnts mtrils wr thn ovn-ri t 65 C or 24 hours, wih n roun. Rprsnttiv smpls o th Tl : Slt soil proprtis unr slinity trtmnts roun plnt mtrils wr ist with mixtur o NCl /k Soil ph (: H2O) EC (Sm ) Esp (%) HClO n H SO (v/v :0). Totl N in smpls ws msur y th Kjhl mtho [8]. Phosphorus ws trmin y th Vnoo molyt olorimtry mtho 0.0 Control S

3 Worl J. Ari. Si., 6 (4): , 200 Tl 2: Et o NCl slinity on rmintion, plnt hiht, shoot n root wihts n root: shoot rtio o prl millt Slinity Grmintion (%) Plnt hiht (m) Dry Shoot wiht(/pot) Dry root wiht(/pot) Root:Shoot rtio. S Vrity Ex Borno Miw SE Yr-Mui Buum Fiurs ollow y th sm lttr r not siniintly irnt orin to Dunn Multipl Rn Tst (DMRT) t 5%. S =.7 sm ; S 2= 6.77sm : S 3 =.75 sm Et o Slinity on Slin Hiht: Plnt hiht lso ws rs rom 0.6 to 0.05/pot s NCl ws siniintly ru s slt onntrtions sliniztion inrs rom.70 to.75 Sm. Tun t l. inrs (Tl.??). Slinity inu rution in [32] oun tomto rown unr slt strss prou low plnt rowth hs n rport in tomto (Lyoprsion ruit ry mttr wiht n rltiv wtr ontnt thn sulntum mil.) slins [8] n sorhum slins thos rown in stnr nutrint solution. Chirom t l. [6]. Th t o slinity on rowth o plnts miht [26] rport up to 85 n 70% rution in shoot n u to intrrn o nutrint sorption n root ry wihts, rsptivly, in Amrnthus rown t physioloil wtr strss rt y hih slt 3.54Sm o slt. Ths my u to ltrious t onntrtions in th root zon [28, 29]. It my u to o hih onntrtion o slt on root lnth, numr n toxi t o th NCl us, s wll s, unln prmility to wtr n ions [33, 34]. In this stuy, th nutrint uptk y th slins, [5]. Hih slt millt vritis ir siniintly in thir rsponss to onntrtion within th root zon n lso ru root slinity s quntii y th ry mttr umultion. prmility to ions n wtr [30], thry ruin Miw h th hihst shoot ry wiht (0.44/pot) n nutrints n wtr uptk. Siniint irns t 5% th lowst 0.23/pot ws ror or Buum. Root ry in plnt hiht mon th millt vritis wr lso mttr yil ws hihst or SE-3 (0.3/pot) n lowst osrv with Miw hvin th vlu (2.86 m), (0.20) or Buum. This inits tht th prssiv ollow y Ex-Borno (.73m) n th lowst vlu o t o NCl slinity on shoot ry mttr yil ws lst 7.87 m ws ror y Yr-Mui. This inits tht in Miw n th rtst in Buum. Ths rsults r in Miw ws th lst t vrity. This rsult is in rmnt with Ali t l. [35] who rport rss in rmnt with Ykuu t l. [6] who rport tht th yils n yil omponnts o ihtn ri notyps t o slinity on rowth o sorhum vri mon th rown in slin onitions ut som notyps show vritis. Dirns in rowth mon Phsolus spis ttr slinity tolrn thn othrs. Similrly, Jmil t l. unr slin onition wr rport y Jnntt t l. [5] rport tht shoot n root ry wihts wr [27]. Similrly, Ston t l. [3] oun som ll vritis siniintly ru in our vtl spis o mor susptil to slt m t th rly st o (Brssi olr pitt L.), Sur t rowth thn othrs. Slt tolrn t rmintion n (Bt vulris L.), Amrnthus (A. pniultus L.) n t th slin st pprs to ontroll y mor Pk-hoi (Brssi ompstris L.) t ll slinity lvls thn on n n is hihly inlun y slt ( sm, NCl). onntrtion [27]. Thr wr hihly siniint irns mon ll th vtl spis in root n shoot wihts. Et o Slinity on Shoot n Root Wihts: Soil slinity Amrnthus show lss rution, initin tht it is siniintly inlun shoot n root ry wihts. Th lss t y slinity trtmnts thn othr spis. ry mttr yils ws rs with inrsin NCl Root: shoot rtio ir siniintly n hihr vlus sliniztion (Tl 2). Th mn shoot ry wiht ws wr osrv or th sliniztion ontrol (.70Sm ) n rs rom 0.67 to 0.09/pot n th root ry wiht Yr-Mui. 376

4 Worl J. Ari. Si., 6 (4): , 200 Tl 3: Et o NCl slinity on nutrint omposition o prl millt Slinity N (%) P (ppm) K (%) C+M (%) N (%) Cl (%) NA:K rtio N:C+M rtio S Vrity Ex-Borno Miw SE Yr-Mui Buum Fiurs ollow y th sm lttr r not siniintly irnt orin to Dunn Multipl Rn Tst (DMRT) t 5%. S =.7 sm ; S 2= 6.77sm : S 3 =.75 sm Tl 4: Intrtion ts o slinity lvls n millt vritis on rowth prmtrs Vrity Growth prmtrs Slinity Ex-Borno Miw SE-3 Yr-Mui Buum Grmintion (%) S Plnt hiht (m) S Dry shoot wiht (/pot) S Dry root wiht (/pot) S Fiurs ollow y th sm lttr r not siniintly irnt orin to Dunn Multipl Rn Tst (DMRT) t 5%. S =.7 sm ; S 2= 6.77sm : S 3 =.75 sm Et o Slinity on Nutrints Conntrtion in Plnt tions in th soil, ut lso on thir tivitis in th soil Tissus: Conntrtions o N, P, K, C n M in th solution rltiv to on nothr. N n M in intrl plnt tissus wr rs siniintly s rsult o omponnts o hlorophyll molul, inhiition o thir inrss in NCl in th soil solution. But soil slinity uptk unr hih NCl lvls my ru us siniint inrss in N n Cl umultions photosynthsis n plnt rowth. Supportin vin in th plnt tissus (Tl 3). Th xistn o siniint n oun in th t on plnt hiht n ry mttr ntiv rltionship twn N n K n C+M, yils whih wr onsistntly lowr in plnts rown in sust tht N xrts inhiitory t on th th slt trt soil ompr to ontrol. Siniint umultion o K, C n M in millt. Ths rsults r rss in ll nutrints uptk n l hlorosis n in rmnt with Gulzr [36]; Ykuu t l. [6]; n rownin o plnts unr inrs slinity ws Ajml Khn t l. [37] who rport tht NCl slinity rport y Brown t l. [39]. Th tst millt vritis inu rs in N, P, K, C n M ontnts in ir siniintly in ll nutrints uptk unr slin plnts. In ontrst, Chirom t l. [26] un tht inrs onitions. Ex-Borno ontin th hihst mount o in NCl slinity nhn P, K n M uptk y N (2.28%) whil Yr-Mui h th lowst (.85%). P Amrnthus. Th prssiv t o hih N n Cl onntrtion ws rtst in Yr-Mui (048ppm) whil onntrtions on othr nutrints my xplin on Miw h th lst uptk o P (923ppm). Th hihst K th sis o ion omptition t th sit o sorption. ontnt ws oun in Yr-Mui (2.40%) n th lowst in Lomin n Fnymi, [38] show tht vilility o soil Miw (.98%). Th onntrtion o C+M ws th tions to rops my pn on th onntrtions o hihst in Miw (.85%) n th lowst in Ex-Borno 377

5 Worl J. Ari. Si., 6 (4): , 200 Tl 5: Intrtions ts o slinity lvls n millt vritis on nutrint ontnt o millt Vrity Nutrints Uptk Slinity Ex-Borno Miw SE-3 Yr-Mui Buum Nitron S Phosphorus S Potssium S C+M S Fiurs ollow y th sm lttr r not siniintly irnt orin to Dunn Multipl Rn Tst (DMRT) t 5%. S =.7 sm ; S 2= 6.77sm : S 3 =.75 sm (.58%). N uptk ws th rtst in SE-3 (.26%) n Thus th rltivly hih tolrn o Miw vrity to th lowst in Miw (.0%). Th onntrtion o Cl ws inrs in soil sliniztion oul xplin th suprior th hihst in Buum (.5%) n th lowst in Miw rowth hrtristis xprss y Miw u to som (0.89%). Th hihst N:/K n N/,C+M rtios lvl o tolrn to inrs in soil sliniztion in this ourr in SE-3 n th lowst in Yr-Mui. This stuy. inits tht th ntonisti t o N on K n C+M ws th hihst in SE-3 n lst in Yr-Mui. CONCLUSIONS Similr rsults wr rport y Ykuu t l. [6] mon sorhum vritis. NCl strss ru s rmintion, slin rowth, ry mttr yils n nutrints uptk y ll th Intrtion Ets o Soil Slinity n Millt Vritis: iv millt vritis, ut Miw ws lst t n ws Thr ws siniint ts twn soil slinity n th only vrity tht surviv unr th hihst slinity millt vritis on rowth prmtrs (Tl 4). Vlus o lvl (.75Sm ), thus monstrtin its hihr nti rmintion, plnt hiht, ry shoot n root wihts potntil or slinity tolrn. Howvr, urthr rsrh wr siniintly hihr or ontrol (.70Sm ), whil shoul onut unr il onitions in orr to lowr vlus wr osrv or th hihst soil uthntit ths inins. sliniztion (.75Sm ) or ll th vritis tst. Howvr, vlus or Miw vrity wr siniintly REFERENCES hihr thn th othr vritis. Also siniint slinity x millt vrity intrtion. Mury, P.R., 98. Prorss rport on irrition ws osrv on nutrint ontnt o plnt (Tl 4). rsrh prormm. Institut or Ariulturl Inrs in th lvl o soil sliniztion siniintly Rsrh, Ahmu Bllo Univrsity, Zri, Niri, rs th N, P, K n C+ M ontnts o plnt o ll pp: 49. th vritis tst. Howvr, th Miw vrity whih 2. Tnko, A.I. n E.U. Essit, 200. Drin inu h siniintly hihr rowth prmtrs, h hihr slinity n lklinity unr Kno lr sl vlus or C + M t hihr lvls o sliniztion thn th irrition prti, Kno rion, northrn Niri. othr vritis. Similrly, Ex-Borno xhiit hihr Ni. J. Soil Rs., 2: tolrn to N uptk,, SE-3 to N, Yr-Mui to P n K 3. Mlwi, W.B., V.O. Chu, T. Kprmwn n B.A. n Buum to Cl uptk. Rji, Slinity n soiity sttus o irrit Th rltiv tolrn xhiit y h vrity in soils n irrition n rin wtrs o Jkr n nutrint uptk ws thror rlt in th prormn Kno Rivr projts in smi-ri Niri. Ni. J. Soil o th vritis in rowth prmtr prsnt in Tl 3. Rs., 3:

6 Worl J. Ari. Si., 6 (4): , Mukhiy, Y.K., P.W. Ston n P.A. Ossi, 98. Slt 7. Ryr, A.J., Sustinl Ariultur in tolrn o wht, rly n soyn in rspt o rmintion n pimnt onntrtion. Inin J. Ari. Si., 5: Bry, N.C. n R.R. Wil, Th Ntur n th Proprtis o Soils. 3. Prnti-Hll Pulition, Lonon, pp; Grnt, R.F., 995. Slinity, wtr us n yil o miz: Tstin th mthmtil mol osystm. Plnt Soil, 72: Folorunso, O.A., A.M. Chirom n D. Aullhi, Rspons o rounnut (Arhis hypo) to NCl slinity in smi-ri r o northstrn Niri. Environtropi, (2): Hjr, A.S., A.A. Mliri, H.S. Al-Zhrni n O.A. Almhri, Rsponss o thr tomto ultivrs to s wtr slinity : Et o slinity on th slin rowth. Ar. J. Bioth., 5: Flowrs, T.J., P.F. Trok n A.R. Yo, 977. Th mhnism o slt tolrn in hlophyts. Ann. Rv. Plnt Physiol., 28: Omni, E.N. n P.S. Hmms, Intrtiv ts o slinity n wtr strss on rowth, l wtr rltion n s xhn in Amrnthus. Nw Zln J. Crop Hort. Si., 34: Boukr, M., 996. Slt tolrn o urum wht ultivrs urin rmintion n rly slin rowth. Ari. Mit., 26: Wlum, G.E., T. Tissoumi n K.J. Bror, 990. Wtr rltions o s vlopmnt n rmintion in Muskmlon (Cuumis mlo L.). III. Snsitivity o rmintion to wtr potntil n sisi i urin vlopmnt. Plnt Physioloy, 92: Hun, J. n R.E. Rmnn, 995. Slt tolrn o Horum n Brssi spis urin rmintion n rly slin rowth. Cn. J. Plnt Si., 75: Ayz, F.A., A. Kiolu n R. Turut, Wtr strss ts on th ontnt o low molulr wiht rohyrts n phnoli is in Ctnonth stos.(ros.) Eihlr. Cn. J. Plnt Si., 80: Jmil, M., D.B. L, K.Y. Jun, M. Ashr, S.C. L n E.S. Rh, Et o slt (NCl) strss on rmintion n rly slin rowth o our vtls spis. J. Cnt. Eur. Ari., 7: Ykuu, H., H. Usmn n A.M. Chirom, Srnin o Sorhum Vritis or Slt tolrn in sny lom soil o Borno Stt, Niri. Nirin J. Exp. n Appl. Biol., 7(): Su-Shrn Ari. Th Rol o Soil Proutivity. AJR Pulition-hnnl, Nw Dlhi, Ini, pp: Jkson, N.L., 973. Soil Chmil nlysis. Prtn- Hll o Ini Lt, Nw Dlhi, Ini. 9. Assoition o Oiil Anlytil Chmils th (AOAC), 984. Oiil Mthos o Anlysis. 4. Assoition o Oiils Anlytil Chmists. Wshinton, DC. 20. Tl, D.A. n M. Hrty, 984. Soil n Plnt Anlysis IITA & Univrsity o Gulph, Ontrio, Cn. 2. Gomz, K.A. n A.A. Gomz, 984. Sttistil Prours in Ariulturl Rsrh. John Wily n Sons. Nw York, pp: Ms, E.V. n R.H. Nimn, 978. Physioloy o plnt tolrn to slinity. Amrin Soity o Aronomy Spil Pul., 32: Poljk-Myr, A., 975. Plnts in slin nvironmnt. Eol. Stuis (Nw York), 5: Gulzr, S., M.A. Khn n I.A. Unr, 200. Et o slinity n tmprtur on th rmintion o Urohonr stuls(trin.) C.E. Hur. S Si. Thnol., 29: Muromil, G. n P. Linro, Slinity n tmprtur ts on rmintion, mrn n slin rowth o Glo rtihok. Aronomi., 22: Chirom, A.M., A. Aukr n A.M. Siq Conntrtion o NCl s it ts mrn, rly rowth n nutrint omposition o Amrnthus. Intrntionl J. V. Si., 3(3): Jnntt, S.B., R. Cri n J.P. Lynh, Slinity tolrn o Phsolus spis urin rmintion n rly slin rowth. Crop Si., 42: Shukl, U.C. n A.K. Mukhi, 985. Amliortion rol o zin on miz rowth unr slt t soil onitions. Plnt Soil, 87: Folorunso, O.A., A.M. Chirom n D. Aullhi, Inlun NCl slinity on soil proprtis n rly rowth o rounnut (Arhis hypo L.) Environtropi, 2: Wisl, Y., 972. Bioloy o Hlophyts. Ami Prss, Nw York. 3. Ston, J.P., A.R. John n R.A. Willims, 989. Inlun o soium hlori on rmintion n rly rowth o All. Aron. J., 8:

7 Worl J. Ari. Si., 6 (4): , Tun, A.L., C. Ky, M. Ashr, H. Altunlu, I. Yoks 36. Gulzr, S., Et o slinity on rmintion, n B. Ymur, Th ts o lium ormny, rowth n osmo-rultion o prnnil sulpht on rowth, mmrn stility n nutrint hlophyts. Ph.D. issrttion. Univrsity o Krhi, uptk o tomto plnts rown unr slin slt Pkistn. strss. Environmntl n Exprimntl Botny, 37. Ajml Khn, M., I.A. Unr n A.M. Showltr, 59(2): Et o slinity on rowth, wtr rltions n 33. Hjihri, M.A., A.R. Yo, T.J. Flowrs n ions onntrtion o th su-tropil hlophyt J.C. Collins, 989. Slinity rsistn o Z mys Atriplx riithii. Plnt Physiol., 46: luxs o potssium, soium n hlori, 38. Lomin, G. n A.A.A. Fymi, 976. Mnsium ytoplsmi onntrtions n mirosoml sttus n vilility in soils o wstrn Niri. Soil mmrn lipis. Plnt, Cll n Eviron., Si., 22: : Brown, C.E., S.R. Pzshki n R.D. Dlun, Wrnr, J.E. n R.R. Finklstin, 995. Ariopsis Et o slinity n soil ryin on nutrints uptk mutnts with ru rspons to NCl n osmoti n rowth o Sprtin ltrnilor in simult strss Physiol. Plnt, 93: til systm. Brzilin J. Plnt Phys., 6(): Ali, Y., Z. Aslm, M.Y. Ashr n G.R. Thir, Et o slinity on hlorophyll onntrtion, l r, yil n yil omponnts o ri notyps rown unr slin nvironmnt. Intrntionl J. Environmntl Si. n Thnol., (3):