Experimental set ups. Colin Campbell. Thames Valley Cocoa Club 27 August 2008
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1 Exprimntl st ups Colin Cmpll Thms Vlly Coo Clu 27 August 2008
2 In th Fr Est th prinipl pst spis r th mosquito ugs Hlopltis thivor n H. ryi (n H. lvifr in Ppu Nw Guin). In Wst Afri Shlrgll singulris is usully th most wispr n unnt spis with Distntill thorom oftn s numrous not only in Ghn. Svrl spis of mosquito ugs (priniplly Hlopltis orisiri, H. llni, n H. srnsis) lso f on pos n shoots. Th rltiv importn of Hlopltis spp. s shoot frs in Wst Afri is unrtin.
3 I VIII II VII Rnomis loks split-plots sign with 0.5 h Whol Plots Whol Plot trtmnts: Phromon trt (150 trps pr h) (plin font) Untrt ontrol (itli font) Su-plot trtmnts: - r gomtrilly inrsing numrs of monitoring trps (0-150 pr h) Lyout of miri mss-trpping xprimnt t Ahrnsu, Ghn
4 Prit outom 30 Monitoring trp th Prviously untrt Mss-trpp plots Phromon trps pr h
5 Th xprimntl sign is soun, ut oul th xprimntl st-up ttr? I VIII II VII 7 Su-plots hv ught fwr thn 3 miris to t n 5 of thos r trtmnt
6 Th mjor prolms r: 1. Ssonl popultion flututions. 2. Distriution of miris twn trs is pthy. 3. Flututing spis omposition. 4. Ss n Dt r rypti, noturnl n low nsity. Possil/prol solutions: Exprimntl Blok ly-out to inlu nsus t y mthing plots for miri numrs or mg. Ar inst ounts nssry or woul mg ssssmnt suffi?
7 Ssonl popultion flututions: (pyrthrum knokown smpls) Bugs pr sht Dt: Gis & Lston (1970) Gis, Pikt & Lston (1968) Hlopltis Shlrgll Distntill J F M A M J J A S O N D Totl ugs (/100) Shlrgll Distntill J F M A M J J A S O N D Dt: Lvr, Dll & Dor (1963) (Distntill = Oliriouou (77% Dt)) (Shlrgll = Zphrgh (99.5% Ss)) Ghn Ivory Cost Tn (1974) rports popultions of H. thivor pking in Otor n t minimum in April-My.
8 Pthy popultion istriutions. Sptil istriution of S. singulris on iniviul trs in 4 plots in Cmroon (Bin t l., t?) Mn:vrin off D. thorom in Cmroon (Loto, 1969). Thik lin = rnom istriution.
9 Flututing spis omposition Bugs pr sht S. s. D. t. S. s. Distriutions of S. singulris n D. thorom twn sits in Cot Ivoir (Lvr t l., 1963) 0 H4 R1 Numrs of S. singulris n D. thorom in plots H4 n R1 t Tfo, Ghn (Gis t l., 1968)
10 Assssmnt mthos: For xprimnts, w n plots with high numrs of miris ut ths r lso th plots most iffiult to rhilitt. Currntly w xploit knowlg of miri hviour n ology to hoos th st sits, ut how n w st mth plots within sits? Inst ounts or mg inin? Counts: Collingwoo (1971) show goo orrltions twn ounts to y-lvl n spry knokown t svrl sptil sls. (53-76% of vrin xplin).
11 Assssmnt mthos: Inst ounts or mg inin? Counts: In Mlysi, Wills (1986) ount Hlopltis on gris of 5.5 x 4-tr plots pr h, inspt t 18 y intrvls, n sprying if thrshol ws x. Th nsus pns on th sptil oinin of miri ggrgtion with gri-plot. Dmg inin: Johnson (1971) foun tht th ssssmnt of nw nopy mg gv mor onsistnt rsults thn ounting miris. Willims (1953) xplin 45% of vrin in rgrssion of lsions on miri numrs.
12 Assssmnt mthos: mg inin In Mlysi, Chung & Woo (1989) nsus frsh Hlopltis mg on 1/100 tr plot to triggr ltrntiv spry strtgis n upp yils 2-3x Thir stuy is rlvnt to miri xprimnts in Wst Afri us hrll n po mg nsuss i not rflt th mg to nopy shoots. Th importn of Hlopltis spp. to nopy onition in Wst Afri is unknown. Any nopy mg y Hlopltis risks ing misintrprt on Ss n Dt r mng y phromons or host-spifi pthogns.
13 Conlusions: Grouping plots mth for pst numrs or mg inin is likly to improv th prision of Rnomis Bloks sign fil xprimnts. Monitoring th inin of rnt mg is lss rror pron thn ounting miris n shoul giv mor onsistnt rsults. Illy, whol-plot mg sors woul us s ovrit. In orr to mximis trtmnt iffrns n minimis plot-to-plot vriility, high ounts r n, so propr timing of xprimnts is vitl.
14 Rfrns Bin R, Cils C, Bisslu H, Amng Mng J, Diog L, Nyssé S.? Frquny n sptil istriution in frms of Shlrgll singulris Hgl. (Hmiptr: Miri), th min pst of oo in Cmroon. Collingwoo C A A omprison of ssssmnt mthos for oo miri trils. In: Proings of th 3r Intrntionl Coo rsrh Confrn, Ar, Ghn, Novmr 1969, Coo Rsrh Institut Ghn, Tfo, Gis D G, Lston D Inst phnology in oo forst frm lolity in Wst Afri. Journl of Appli Eology 7: Gis D G, Piktt A D, Lston D Ssonl popultion hngs in oo psis (Hmiptr, Miri) in Ghn. Bulltin of Entomologil Rsrh 58: Johnson C G Mthos of tsting instiis ginst oo psis in th fil in Ghn. In: Thir Intrntionl Coo rsrh Confrn. Coo Rsrh Institut, Tfo, Ghn, Ar, Ghn: Lvr E M, Dll J, Dor F Etu l'volution rgionl t sisonnir s popultions s Miris (Cpsis) n Cot 'Ivoir. Cfé Co Thé 7: Loto R Etu sttistiqu l évolution un popultion miris. Cfé Co Thé 13: Tn G S Hlopltis thivor thorom on oo in Mlysi. I. Biology n popultion flututions. Mlysin Agriulturl Rsrh 3: Willims G Fil osrvtions on th o miris, Shlrgll singulris Hgl. n Distntill thorom (Dist.) in th Gol Cost. Prt I. Miri mg. Bulltin of Entomologil Rsrh 44: Wills G A Us of n rly wrning systm for th ontrol of Hlopltis thivor thorom in oo. In: Proings of th Intrntionl Confrn on Coo n Coonuts Otor, Inorport Soity of Plntrs n th Mlysin Coo Growing Assoition:
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