NAME : Block : Notes Page 9-1

Transcription

1 NAME : Block : Notes Page 9-1 SOL Objectives LS 4) Classification: The students should understand how organisms can be classified. Key concepts include: distinguishing characteristics of major animal and plant phyla; and the characteristics of the species. LS 5) Photosynthesis: The student will investigate and understand the basic physical and chemical processes of photosynthesis and its importance to plant and animal life. Key concepts include a) energy transfer between sunlight and chlorophyll; b) transformation of water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen; and c) photosynthesis as the foundation of virtually all food webs. LS 10) Phototropism: The student will investigate and understand that ecosystems, communities, populations, and organisms are dynamic and change over time (daily, seasonal, and long term). A key con- Unit Calendar: Subject to Change

2 Notes Page When animals hibernate, their heart rate and respiration decrease and they lose consciousness. Why do some animals hibernate? A. To increase their body fat during cold periods B. To conserve energy during the winter C. To give their fur time to grow longer and thicker D. To rest after a summer of high activity 2. A biologist has just discovered a new life form. The newly described organism is multicellular, does not carry on photosynthesis, and absorbs nutrients from the environment. It is composed of eukaryotic cells with cell walls. In which kingdom would the organism be classified? f. Plant g. Animal h. Bacteria i. Fungi 5. Which of these organisms contains no specialized cells? A. Paramecium B. Sponge C. Jellyfish D. Sea anemone 6. Which of these animals has the same type of symmetry as a vertebrate? a. b. c. d. 7. Which of the following is produced as a result of photosynthesis? f. Heat g. Water h. Oxygen i. Carbon dioxide 3. These data were collected by observing responses of different organisms to light. Which conclusion is supported by these data? A. Organisms that use photosynthesis are attracted to light. B. Protists are not attracted to light. C. Animals are attracted to light. D. Decomposers are attracted to light. 4. Ascidians are sac-like marine organisms. Their larvae have well-developed brains and dorsal nerve cords. This suggests that ascidians should be classified with the f. Chordates g. Annelids h. Cnidarians i. Sponges 8. Botanists often use leaves to identify plants. Which trait of the leaves shown would be most useful in identifying the plants they came from? A. Color of the leaf B. Function of the leaf C. Arrangement of leaves on a stem _ D. Presence or absence of veins

3 Notes Page 9-3 Vertebrate Invertebrate Innate Behavior Learned Behavior Pheromones Parasites Exoskeleton Niche Endoskeleton

4 All creatures with a backbone of vertebrae that encloses the spinal cord (such as birds, mammals, reptiles, fish) Animals that do not have a backbone. Invertebrates either have an exoskeleton (insects, crustaceans) or no skeleton at all (earthworms, caterpillars) Behavior that is influenced by genes and does not depend on learning. Preprogrammed knowledge. A behavior that has been learned by experience or observation. A chemical produced by animals for communication. An organism that feeds on another living creature, usually without killing it A hard outer structure, such as the shell of an insect of crustacean, that provides protection or support for an organism. An organism s job; how an organism or population responds to the distribution of resources and competitors and how it alters those resources, etc. An internal skeleton; a bony and cartilaginous structure (found in vertebrates).

5 Notes Page is behavior that we are born with. Examples of this type of behavior include babies sucking their thumbs and flinching when they touch something that is hot. 2. The cartilage that surrounds a crab provides a tough surface that is used for safety and protection. While the outer portions of a crab are hard, the inner portions are quite soft. This proves that the shell of the crab serves as its. 3. Karl hates camping out in the woods, because he is afraid of ticks and mosquitos. Both of these organisms are considered because they drink your blood. 4. Panthers are in the phylum chordata. This means that the animals possess an inner backbone that encloses the spinal cord. If an animal is in the phylum chordata, it is known as a. 5. is behavior that we are taught by experience. Examples of this type of behavior in children include throwing temper tantrums and refusing to do house hold chores. 6. Honey bees use for communication among individuals within a hive. These chemicals are normally released by a queen, drone or worker bee and they cause a response in other bees. 7. Ouch! Julie said as she fell on her left leg with a thump! To her dismay, Julie felt her left shin bone (known as the tibia)crack under the pressure of her fall. Julie s doctor recommended performing an x-ray to assess what happened. Knowing that the doctor had to give Julie an x-ray to see the effects of the fall on her bone, proves that Julie has an, because her bones are within her body. 8. Earthworms have extremely flexible and soft bodies. When animals lack a backbone or an endoskeleton, they are known as. 9. The ecological of a sunflower growing in the backyard includes absorbing light, water and nutrients (for photosynthesis), providing shelter and food for other organisms (e.g. bees, ants, etc.), and giving off oxygen into the atmosphere, just like my job in my household is to.

6 Notes Page 9-5 Interesting Fact: In plants, phylum = division Example Plant Plant Name Lunularia cruciata Plant Division Vascular Tissue Reproduces Protection of Embryo N/A () Sphagnum girgensohnii N/A () Athyrium niponicum N/A () Clipartus fernus N/A () Pinus palustris N/A () Abies fraseri N/A () Juniperus communis N/A () Malus domestica N/A () Zantedeschia rehmannii N/A () Helianthus annuus N/A ()

7 Notes Page 9-6 Equation: Definition: Nonvascular: (4) Vascular: (7) (1) (2) (6) Example: (3) (5) (8) Example: Example: (9) (10 Example: Most produce.

8 Notes Page 9-7 WORD: Folder, page 9-7

9 Notes Page 9-8 WORD: Folder, page 9-8

10 Notes Page 9-9 Circle all of the animal characteristics below: Can Move Unicellular Sexual Reproduction Decomposer Cell Wall Cannot Move Producer Consumer No Cell Specialized Parts Multicellular Prokaryotic Asexual Reproduction Eukaryotic The scenarios below describe some examples of animal behaviors. After reading the description, write what behavior is described on the line. Circle One: Whenever a cat gets up from a nap, the cat stretches and arches its back. Is this an innate or learned behavior? innate / learned If you touch a hot object, you immediately jerk your hand back, away from the heat. Is this an innate or learned behavior? innate / learned A horse has won a gold medal for the fastest through an obstacle course. Is this an innate or learned behavior? innate / learned WORD BANK: Estivation, Hibernation, Migration, Pheromones Desert hedgehogs sleep underground during the hottest parts of the summer. What type of behavior is this? During the winter, a bat goes into a deep sleep. It can survive on just a tiny bit of stored fat. What type of behavior is this? Dogs can mark their territory by urinating on objects. What are they using to communicate? Baleen whales travel to cold water for feeding and warm water to give birth. What type of behavior is this?

11 Notes Page 9-10 Yes this means you must remember something from unit 8 (7) (3) (4) (6) Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. (2) (5) (8) Ex. (1) (10) (12) (9) (11) Ex.

12 Notes Page 9-11 Leech Fireworm Sea star Coral Annelida Cnidaria Cnidaria Echinoderms Segmented worms Stinging Cells Stinging cells and nerve net Echines have spines! Sea cucumber Hydra

13 LANDSCAPE PAGE Notes Page 9-12

14 LANDSCAPE PAGE Notes Page 9-13

15 Notes Page 9-14 In the space below, create graphic organizer (s) for plant divisions and animal behaviors. You may separate them into two organizers or combine them into one. Use the following terms: vascular, nonvascular, seeds, seedless, flowering, phototropism, gravitropism, conifer, gymnosperm, angiosperm; innate behavior, learned behavior, migration, hibernation, estivation, communication, pheromones. Personal reflections: School reflections: