REPORT ON AN AIRBORNE MAGNETIC AND VLF-EM SURVEY COLTER TOWNSHIP THUNDER BAY MINING DIVISION, ONTARIO. for PREMIER EXPLORATIONS INC.

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1 42EI1OTM12 2.1*599 COLTER 010 'i A-689 REPORT ON AN AIRBORNE MAGNETIC AND VLF-EM SURVEY COLTER TOWNSHIP THUNDER BAY MINING DIVISION, ONTARIO for PREMIER EXPLORATIONS INC. KECE/VED LANDS SECTION by TERRAQUEST LTD. Toronto, Canada August 11, 1987 RECEIVED MINING LANDS SECTION TERRAQUEST im

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS IWW12 Z. 1*599 COLTER O1OC 1. INTRODUCTION 2. THE PROPERTY 3. GEOLOGY 4. SURVEY SPECIFICATIONS 4.1 Instruments 4.2 Lines and Data 4.3 Tolerances 4.4 Photomosaics 5. DATA PROCESSING 6. INTERPRETATION 6.1 General Approach 6.2 Interpretation 7. SUMMARY Page l l LIST OF FIGURES Fig. l - General Location Map Fig. 2 - Survey Area Map Fig. 3 - Sample Record Fig. 4 - Terraquest Classification Of VLF-EM Conductor Axes No. A-689-1, No. A-689-2, No. A-689-3, No. A-689-4, LIST OF MAPS IN JACKET Total Magnetic Field Vertical Magnetic Gradient VLF-EM Survey Interpretation TERRAQUEST im

3 - l - 1. INTRODUCTION l This report describes the specifications and results of a ^ geophysical survey carried out for Premier Explorations Inc. of 385A? Spadina Road, Toronto, Ontario, MSP 2W1 by Terraquest Ltd., * Richmond Street West, Toronto, Canada. The field work was performed on 5 July 4, 1987 and the data processing, interpretation and reporting from July 5 to August 11, The purpose of a survey of this type is two-fold. One is to prospect directly for anomalously conductive and magnetic areas in the earth's crust which may be caused by, or at least related to, mineral deposits. A second is to use the magnetic and conductivity patterns derived from the survey results to assist in mapping geology, and to indicate the presence of faults, shear zones, folding, alteration zones and other structures potentially favourable to the presence of gold and base-metal concentration. To achieve this purpose the survey area was systematically traversed by an aircraft carrying geophysical instruments along parallel flight lines spaced at even intervals, 100 meters above the terrain surface, and aligned so as to intersect the regional geology in a way to provide the optimum contour patterns of geophysical data. 2. THE PROPERTY The property is located in the south central portion of Colter Township, in the Thunder Bay Mining Division of Ontario about 23 kilometres west of the town of Geraldton. The property lies approximately one kilometre south of Highway 11 and can be reach by bush roads from the east. The latitude and longitude are 49 degrees 41 minutes, and 87 degrees 16 minutes respectively, and the N.T.S. reference is 42E/11. The claim numbers are shown in figure 2 and listed below: TB (10) claims 3. GEOLOGY Map References 1. Map 1934C: Namewaminikan River Area, scale 1:126,720. O.D.M Map 2102: Tashota-Geraldton, Geological Compilation Series, scale 1:253,440. O.D.M Map P.1192: Colter Township, scale 1:15,840. O.D.M TERRAQUEST Lm

4 FIGURE 1. General Location TERRAQUESTim

5 TERRAQUESTLFD. Claim Location Map (exact locations not certified)

6 - 2 - The survey area is underlain entirely by metasediments, primarily greywacke sandstone, siltstone and argillite. The bedding and - schistosities of these rocks trend to the east, some of them being overturned to the north. S Regionally, diabase dykes strike to the north. A lense of gabbro l occurrs one kilometre to the west. Regional faults trend to the north p north-east and east south-east. s z 4. SURVEY SPECIFICATIONS 4.1 Instruments The survey was carried out using a Cessna 206 aircraft, registration C-GGLS, which carries a magnetometer and a VLF electromagnetic detector. The magnetometer is a high sensitivity airborne proton (Overhauser) type with the sensor element mounted in a towed bird at a distance of 14 metres below and 24 metres behind the aircraft. It's specifications are as follows: Resolution: 0.01 gamma Accuracy: 0.03 gamma for 2 readings per second Cycle time: 0.5 second Range: gammas Gradient tolerance: Up to 5000 gammas per meter Model: Manufacturer: GSM-11 GEM Systems Inc., 105 Scarsdale Rd., Don Mills, Ontario, M3B 2R5 The VLF-EM unit uses three orthoganol detector coils to measure (a) the total field strength of the time-varying EM field and (b) the phase relationship between the vertical coil and both the "along line" coil (LINE) and the "cross-line" coil (ORTHO). The LINE coil is tuned to a transmitter station that is ideally positioned at right angles to the flight lines, while the ORTHO coil transmitter should be in line with the flight lines. It's specifications are: Accuracy: J.% Reading interval: 1/2 second Model: TOTEM 2A Manufacturer: Herz Industries, Toronto The VLF sensor is mounted in the left wing tip extension. C s x n TERRAQUESTLm

7 AKImefer VUFstatioJO VLF station: 2 Fiducials 3. Sample of analogue data

8 - 3 - Other instruments are: 71 R- King KRA-10A Radar altimeter. UDAS-100 data processor with Digidata nine track tape recorder, f manufactured by Urtec Ltd., Markham, Ontario.. Geocam video camera and recorder for flight path recovery, manufactured by Geotech Ltd., Markham, Ontario. 4.2 Lines and Data x a) Line spacing: 100 metres b) Line direction: 360 degrees f c) Terrain clearance: 100 metres d) Average ground speed: 193 km/hr. e) Data point interval: Magnetic: 11 metres VLF-EM: 11 metres f) Tie Line interval: 2 kilometres g) Channel l (LINE): NAA Cutler, 24.0 khz h) Channel 2 (ORTHO): NSS Annapolis, 21.4 khz i) Line km over total survey area: 30 kilometres j) Line km over claim groups: 20 kilometres 4.3 Tolerances a) Line spacing: Any gaps wider than twice the line spacing and longer than 10 times the line spacing were filled in by a new line. b) Terrain clearance: Portions of line which were flown above 125 metres for more than one km were reflown if safety considerations were acceptable. c) Diurnal magnetic variation: Less than ten gammas deviation from a smooth background over a period of two minutes or less as seen on the base station analogue record. d) Manoeuvre noise: nil 4.4 Photomosaics For navigating the aircraft and recovering the flight path, mosaics of aerial photographs were made from existing air photos. 5. DATA PROCESSING Flight path recovery was carried out in the field using a video tape viewer to observe the flight path as recorded by the Geocam video camera system. The flight path recovery was completed daily to enable reflights to be selected where needed for the following day. TERRAQUESTim

9 - 4 - E i The magnetic data was levelled in the standard manner by tying survey lines to the tie lines. The IGRF has not been removed. The total field was contoured by computer using a program provided by Dataplotting Services Inc. To do this the final levelled data set is gridded at a grid cell spacing of 1/lOth of an inch at map scale. The vertical magnetic gradient is computed from the total field data using a method of transforming the data set into the frequency domain, applying a transfer function to calculate the gradient, and then transforming back into the spatial domain. The method is described by a number of authors including Grant, 1972 and Spector, The computer program for this purpose is provided by Paterson, Grant and Watson Ltd. of Toronto. The VLF data was treated automatically so as to normalize the non conductive background areas to 100 (total field strength) and zero (quadrature). The algorithms to do this were developed by Terraquest and will be provided to anyone interested by application to the company. All of these dataprocessing calculations and map contouring were carried out by Dataplotting Services Inc. of Toronto. n f ** ^ O INTERPRETATION 6.1 General Approach To satisfy the purpose of the survey as stated in the introduction, the interpretation procedure was carried out on both the magnetic and VLP data. On a local scale the magnetic gradient contour patterns were used to outline geological units which have different magnetic intensity and patterns or "signatures". Where possible these are related to existing geology to provide a geological identity to the units. On a regional scale the total field contour patterns were used in the same way. Grant, F.S. and Spector A., 1970: Statistical Models for Interpreting Aeromagnetic Data; Geophysics, Vol 35 Grant, F.S., 1972: Review of Data Processing and Interpretation Methods in Gravity and Magnetics; Geophysics 37-4 Spector, A., 1968: Spectral Analysis of Aeromagnetic maps; unpublished thesis; University of Toronto TERRAQUEST im

10 - 5 - Faults and shear zones are interpreted mainly from lateral displacements of otherwise linear magnetic anomalies but also from long narrow "lows". The direction of regional faulting in the general area is taken into account when selecting faults. Folding is usually seen as curved regional patterns. Alteration zones can show up as anomalously quiet areas, often adjacent to strong, circular anomalies that represent intrusives. Magnetic anomalies that are caused by iron deposits of ore quality are usually obvious owing to their high amplitude, often in tens of thousands of gammas. VLF anomalies are categorized according to whether the phase response is normal, reverse, or no phase at all. The significance of the differing phase responses is not completely understood although in general reverse phase indicates either overburden as the source or a conductor with considerable depth extent, or both. Normal phase response is theoretically caused by surface conductors with limited depth extent. Areas showing a smooth response somewhat above background (ie. 110 or so) are likely caused by overburden which is thick enough and conductive enough to saturate at these frequencies. In this case no response from bedrock is seen. The VLF-EM conductor axes have been identified and evaluated according to the Terraquest classification system (Figure 4). This system correlates the nature and orientation of the conductor axes with stratigraphic, structural and topographic features to obtain an association from which one or more origins may be selected. Alternate associations are indicated in parentheses. so n l Interpretation The magnetic and VLF-EM data are shown in contoured format on maps at a scale of 1:10,000 in the back pocket. An interpretation is also provided. The following notes are intended to supplement the maps. The total magnetic field has a relief of approximately 110 gammas over the entire survey area and 60 gammas over the claim block. It shows a strong, east trending anomaly to the north of the property with an associated gradient decreasing across the claim block to the southern boundary. The vertical magnetic gradient data shows subtle magnetic horizons within this regional gradient and has been used to delineate the stratigraphy and structure. The strong magnetic anomaly to the north is interpreted to be a gabbroic intrusive (Unit 5) related to the intrusive plug at Sturgeon River. This intrusive may not reach the surface in all areas. TERRAQUEST WU

11 (9lrt *uohd* *i '1511 HW IRWO 'oiuoioj. 'us/ft laang puouiipm m '{06 *l ns FIGURE 4 TERRAQUEST CLASSIFICATION OF VLF-EM CONDUCTOR AXES SYMBOL a, A b, B c C d f D F ob, OB cul, CUL CORRELATION Coincident with magnetic stratigraphy Parallel to magnetic stratigraphy No correlation with magnetic stratigraphy Coincident with magnetic dyke Coincident with topographic lineament or parallel to fault system Contours of total field response conform to topographic depression Coincident with cultural sources ASSOCIATION; Possible Origins Bedrock magnetic horizons: stratabound mineralogic origin or shear zone Bedrock non-magnetic horizons: stratabound mineralogic origin or shear zone Association not known: possible small scale stratabound mineralogic origin, fault or shear zone, overburden Dyke or possible fault: mineralogic or electrolytic Fault zone: mineralogic or electrolytic Most likely overburden: clayey sediments, swampy mud Electrical, pipe or railway lines NOTES 1 - Upper case symbols denote a relatively strong total field strength 2 - Underlined symbols denote a relatively strong quadrature response 3 - Mineralogic origins include sulphides, graphite, and in fault zones, gouge 4 - Electrolytic origins imply conductivity related to porosity or high moisture content

12 - 6 - Most of the responses across the claim block are interpreted to be related to the metasediments (Unit 1), with characteristic low magnetic responses. Subtle magnetic horizons (Unit 1m) within this jj rock unit are probably caused by increased concentrations of magnetic minerals such as magnetite or pyrrhotite within the metasediments or possibly to narrow intercalated volcanics. North trending anomalies to the east have been interpreted as diabase dykes (Unit 7). Magnetically interpreted faults trend to the northwest and northeast. Any east trending faults will be difficult to detect as they would parallel the magnetic trends. - t f- The VLF-EM responses are moderate to strong and show good resolution. Two conductor axes to the north and two conductor axes on the west side of the property correlate with magnetic horizons and therefore bear a potential for a stratabound origin. They may be related to sulphides or graphite and should be followed up on the ground by IP or EM methods. I Alternatively they may be related to conductive faults that trend to the east. The two conductor axes in the southeast corner of the property have been interpreted to be related to east trending faults. This type of conductivity may be related to minerals such as sulphides, gouge or graphite, or to ionic effects such as porosity within the structure or clay in an overlying topographic depression. Faults identified by VLF-EM or magnetic methods may provide primary structural control for epithermal mineralization. TWRAQUESTim

13 - 7 - s? K* 7. SUMMARY An airborne combined magnetic and VLF-EM mapping survey has been carried out at 100 metre line intervals with magnetic data reading stations at 11 metres and VLF-EM data reading stations at 27 metres along the flight lines. All data is produced on maps at a scale of 1:10,000. The magnetic data has been used to modify and update the existing geology and has shown a number of new contacts and faults. A number of VLF-EM conductor axes were found of which some are believed to be have potential sulphide origin and have been recommended for additional inve st igat ion. 70 ft ST l i -i s f S I k o 3- o i o Charles Q. Geologist Barrie, M.Se. TERRAQUESTLm 4*

14 l OBA. Certified,- ICerWJLl by IgignaturjT" J Ontario Ministry of Northern Oevdopnwfrt and Mines Report of Work (Geophysical. Geological. Geochemical and Expenditures) Type of Surveyls) 42E11MTM12 2.1*599 COLTER Claim Hoider(s) 4 /Arc, Surv^company Name and Address of Author (of Geo-Tecnnical report) Date of Survey (from AV to) Sif? Prospector's Licence NoT~ T/7CZ fclz^laa^mo..^ 20*1 9OO Total Miles of line Cut Credits Requested per Each Claim in Columns at right Special Provisions Mining Claims Traversed (List in numerical sequence) For first survey: Enter 40 days. (This includes line cutting) For each additional survey: using the same grid: Enter 20 days (for each! ' Man Days Complete reverse side and enter total (s) here REG Airborne Credits Note: Special provisions credits do not apply to Airborne Surveys. Mignetomet* l j Radiometric - Expenditures (excludes Type of Work Performed Povf* stripping, l W f IS IV -C V* t l V L l*f" Performed on Oaim(sl MIMING LANDS SECTION Calculation of Expenditure Days Credits Total Totel Expenditures Days Credits \L en Instructions Total Days Credits may be apportioned at the claim holder's choice. Enter number of days ctediu par claim i in column* at right. Total Days Cr. Date Recorded Total number of mining claims covered by this report of work. Certification Verifying R, port of Work l hereby certify that l have a personal and intimate knowledge of the facts set forth in the Report of Work annexed hereto, having performed the work or witnessed same during and/or after its completion and the annexed report is true. Name and Postal Addrass of Pereon

15 l! File MINING CLAIMS TRAVERSED List numerically 3&S3JJL JtttOL lectrvfir HI: TwiT TOTAL CLAIMS. H l t l GEOCHEMICAL SURVEY - PROCEDURE RECORD Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines Geophyalcal-Geologlcal-Geochemlcal Technical Data Statement Numbers of claims from which samples taken. TO BE ATTACHED AS AN APPENDIX TO TECHNICAL REPORT FACTS SHOWN HERE NEED NOT BE REPEATED IN REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT MUST CONTAIN INTERPRETATION, CONCLUSIONS ETC. Total Number of Samples. Type of Sample (Nature of Material) Average Sample Weight. Method of Collection Soil Horizon Sampled. Horizon Development. Sample Depth Terrain Drainage Development. Estimated Range of Overburden Thickness. SAMPLE PREPARATION (Include* drying, Kreeninf, cnuhing, ariiing) Mesh size of fraction used for analysis^ ANALYTICAL METHODS Values expressed in: per cent p. p. m. p. p. b. D D D Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Ag, Mo, As,-(circle) Others Field Analysis (..tests) Extraction Method. Analytical Method. Reagents Used Field Laboratory Analysis No.( ^.tests) Extraction Method. Analytical Method. Reagents Used, Commercial Laboratory (. Name of Laboratory. Extraction Method Analytical Method^ Reagents Used -tests) Type of Survey(s) Township or Are* Claim Hnlder(.) M M Tfrt tfrt. o A AT 1 1* J j SutVey Company TErt/JA GtUZ^fT LTP. Author of Report Address of Author *T, Covering Dates of Survey Total Miles of Line Cut ^ SPECIAL PROVISIONS CREDITS REQUESTED ENTER 40 days (includes line cutting) for first survey. ENTER 20 days for each additional survey using same grid. (Unecuttlng to 10 i Geophysical -Electromagnetic. Magnetometer. Radiometric -Other Geological. Geochemical. DAYS per claim AIRBORNE CREDITS (Special provision credit* do not apply to airborne turveyi) Magnetometer JL2- Electromagnetic ' O Radiometric (enter day t per claim) DATE: SIGNATURE: KenAt or Agent General. General. Res. Geol...Qualifications. Previous Surveys File No. Type Date Claim Holder S a I g 837 (86/12)

16 type of lurvey.line Spacing..Over claims GEOPHYSICAL TECHNICAL DATA GROUND SURVEYS - If more than one survey, specify data for each type of survey Number of Stations. Station interval Prof ile scale Contour interval. u Instrument. Accuracy - Scale constant. Diurnal correction method. Base Station check-in interval (hours). Base Station location and value ^. Instrument ^ Coil configuration Coil separation Accuracy Method: Frequency~ Parameters measured. Instrument. Scale constant, Corrections made..number of Readings.Line spacing^ ^ D Fixed transmitter D Shoot back D In line D Parallel line (ipedfy V.L.F. rtttlon) SELF POTENTIAL Instrument Range. Survey Method. Corrections made. RADIOMETRIC Instrument Values measured. Energy windows (levels). Height of instrument Size of detector Overburden OTHERS (SEISMIC, DRILL WELL LOGGING ETC.) Type of survey Instrument Accuracy. Parameters measured. Additional information (for understanding results). (type, depth - Indude outcrop mip).background Count. Base station value and location. INDUCED POLARIZATION Elevation accuracy. Method D Time Domain Parameter! On time 5j -Off time s Delay time ^ Integration time cj Pnuwr tt Electrode array Electrode spacing Tyn*- of elertrnhe D Frequency Domain Frequency Range AIRBORNE SURVEYS Type of survey(s) Instrument(s) Accuracy.^ Aircraft used. Sensor altitude Navigation and flight path recovery method. Aircraft altitude. Miles flown over total area. tl ( (ipedfy for cadi type of survey) f x f'*? rf.*r.iii-ru (ipedfy for A

17 LAPIERRE LAKE G- 55 LEGEND :w HIGHWAY AND ROUTE No OTHER ROADS y S J ^, ^,f^_ ^_^i^j^i TRAILS SURVEYED LINES TOWNSHIPS, BASE LINES. Ei: LOTS, MINING CLAIMS. PARCi.5 ETC UNSURVEYED LINES LOT LINES PARCEL BOUNDARY MINING CLAIMS ETC RAILWAY AND RIGHT OF WAV UTILITY LINES NON-PERENNIAL STREAM FLOODING OR FLOODING RIG-" SUBDIVISION OR COMPOSITE -.-'M 77 RESERVATIONS ^ ^ '^,;, 'w. i,,/?-..-57' -'-,~ ^, ORIGINAL SHORELINE MARSH QR MUSKEG MINES f c L TRAVERSE MONUMENT - V DISPOSITION OF CROWN LANDS c CL? i b < o LU -J ro 00 Q: bj (f) Q TYPE OF DOCUMENT PATENT. SURFACE 81 MINING r.surface RIGHTS ON..MINING RIGHTS ONL- LEASE.SURFACE 8t M INING P ".SURFACE RIGHTSONL- ".MINING RIGHTS ONLV L'CENCI OF OCCUPATION... ORDER-IN COUNCIL RESERVATION... CANCELLED SAND 4 GRAVEL.... MOTE MINING RIGHTS IN PARCE ^5 ' i T ENTED PRIOR TO MA VESTED IN ORIGiNi. 'ifentee BY THE PL,a'- LANDS ACT RSO 1970 l - J.' 180 SEC 63 SUBSEC SCALE 1 INCH = 40CHAI\S fiooo O 1200 METRES 1000 ;1 KM' JOOO (2 KM l TOWNSHIP COLTER Li AMJ M.N.R. ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT GERALDTON MINING DIVISION THUNDER BAY LAND TITLES/ REGISTRY DIVISION THUNDER BAY 42EiiNwaeia COLTER VIVIAN TWR G " Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Land Management Branch Dili L N umhtr OCTOBER 18fi 1 G-477

18 PREMIER EXPLORATIONS INC. LEGEND Terrain Clearance Line Spacing... AIRBORNE MAGNETIC SURVEY 100 meters 100 meters TOTAL M AGNETIC FIELD TOTAL MAGNETIC FIELD 1000 gammas 250 gammas 50 gammas 10 gam mas COLTER TOWNSHIP ONTARIO N.T.S. NO. SCALE: 42E/11 1: DRAWING NO. DATE: A August 1987 TERRAQUEST LTD. TORONTO. CANADA 42E11NWMia 2.10S99 C OLTER 210

19 1002 PREMIER EXPLORATIONS INC. LEGEND Terrain Clearance Line Spacing meters 100 meters AIRBORNE MAGNETIC SURVEY VERTICAL MAGNETIC GRADIENT Calculated F rom Total F ield VERTICAL MAGNETIC GRADIENT gammas/meter.500 gammas/meter.100 gammas/meter.025 gammas/meter COLTER TOWNSHIP ONTARIO N.T.S. NO. SCALE: 42E/11 DRAWING NO. DATE: 1:10,000 A August 1987 TERRAQUEST LTD. TORONTO. 42EI1NW COLTER 220

20 1002 PREMIER EXPLORATIONS INC. LEGEND Terrain Clearance... Line Spacing meters 100 meters AIRBORNE VLF-EM SURVEY TOTAL FIELD STRENGTH (Contours) 50H CONTOURS OF TOTAL FIELD STRENGTH PROFILES OF QUADRATURE 2tt QUADRATURE (Profiles) Normal Stope COLTER TOWNSHIP Reverse Slope V M ONTARIO N.T.S. NO. SCALE: VLF Transmitter NAA Cutler, 24.0 khz Azimuth E1INW S99 COLTER H +10H -10% 4 2 E/11 1:10,000 DRAWING NO. DATE: A-689~3 August TEKRAQUEST LTD. TORONTO. CANADA

21 PREMIER EXPLORATIONS INC. LITHOLOGY LEGEND Terrain Clearance... Line Spacing meters 100 meters INTERPRETATION Contact ~ Fault Property Boundary VLF-EM Conductor Axos ai a) normal quadrature M M reverse quadrature l l l l l total flekj only VLF transmitter NAA Cutler, 24.0 khz Azimuth E11NW0012 S C OLTER 240 See text for classification of VLF-EM conductor axes INTERPRETATION Diabase Dyke Gabbro 1m COLTER TOWNSHIP Magnetic unit within 1 ONTARIO Metase diments N.T.S. NO. 42E/11 SCALE: 1:10,000 DRAWING NO. DATE: August 1987 TERRAQUEST ffi). TORONTO, CANADA A-689~4