CIRCUITS AND ELECTRONICS. State and Memory
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1 6.002 RUTS AND ELETRONS State and Memory ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
2 Review Recall v = V for t 0 R v + + v v( 0) v t = + ( () ) R V v 0 V e 1 Reading: Sections 10.3, 10.5, and 10.7 ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
3 This lecture will dwell on the memory property of capacitors. For the R circuit in the previous slide v V v t 0 0 t v v V ( 0) v = + ( () ) V v 0 V e t R 0 t 0 Notice that the capacitor voltage for is independent of the form of the input voltage before t = 0. nstead, it depends only on the capacitor voltage at t = 0, and the input voltage for. t 0 t ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
4 State State : summary of past inputs relevant to predicting the future q = V state variable, actually for linear capacitors, capacitor voltage V is also state variable ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
5 State Back to our simple R circuit 1 v v = V + 0 f ( v ( 0) v ( t) ) =, t R ( v ( ) V ) e Summarizes the past input relevant to predicting future behavior ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
6 State We are often interested in circuit response for zero state v (0) = 0 zero input v (t) = 0 orrespondingly, zero state response or ZSR v = V V e t R 2 zero input response or ZR v = v 0 t ( ) e R 3 ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
7 One application of STATE DGTAL MEMORY Why memory? Or, why is combinational logic insufficient? Examples onsider adding 6 numbers on your calculator M+ Remembering transient inputs ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
8 Memory Abstraction A 1-bit memory element store M The view The NE View $ Remembers input when store goes high. Like a camera that records input ( ) when the user presses the shutter release button. The recorded value is visible at. store dout remembers the 1 ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
9 Building a memory element A First attempt * storage node store ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
10 Building a memory element A store = 1 * v * v store = 0 Stored value leaks away 5V V OH v R L v = 5 e T = R t R L L V 5 ln OH from 2 T t store pulse width >> R ON ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
11 Building a memory element B Second attempt buffer * R N buffer store nput resistance R N T = R N R N >> R L V 5 ln OH Better, but still not perfect. Demo ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
12 Building a memory element Third attempt buffer + refresh store * store Does this work? No. External value can influence storage node. ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
13 Building a memory element D Fourth attempt buffer + decoupled refresh store store * Works! ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
14 A Memory Array 4-bit memory store Address N OUT Decoder 0 0 A S M 0 1 B S M A a 0 a 1 2 Address 1 0 S M B 1 1 D S M N store D OUT ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
15 Truth table for decoder a 0 a 1 A B D ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
16 Agarwal s top 10 list on memory 10 have no recollection, Senator. 9 forgot the homework was due today. 8 Adlibbing ZSR 7 think, therefore am. 6 think that was right. 5 forgot the rest ite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for ircuits and Electronics, Spring MT OpenourseWare ( Massachusetts nstitute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
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