CELL THEORY & CELL TYPES. Honors Biology, Arizona College Prep, Mrs. Glassmeyer Textbook Reference: 4.1, , The Living World 7 th edition
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1 CELL THEORY & CELL TYPES Honors Biology, Arizona College Prep, Mrs. Glassmeyer Textbook Reference: 4.1, , The Living World 7 th edition
2 Learning Goals: Unit Learning Goal: Student will be able to compare structure & analyze transport of materials into and out of prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells by accurately explaining the role of proteins & ATP. Presentation Learning Goals: 1. Student will be able to defend the importance of the development of the cell theory. 2. Student will be able to describe similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 3. Student will be able to describe similarities and differences between plant & animal cells.
3 How was the Cell Theory Developed? Science stands on the shoulders of Giants. Many scientists and great thinkers enable those later to see even further than their predecessors did. Robert Hooke Anton van Leeuwenhoek Matthias Schleiden Theodor Schwann Rudolph Virchow
4 Who was Robert Hooke? A Englishman who decided used an early compound microscope. He viewed a crosssection of cork (nonliving plant tissue). He was the first person to use the term cellulae because what he was seeing looked like small rooms.
5 Who was Anton van Leeuwenhoek? Used a single-lens microscope to observe pond water and other things. In the small world he observed, living things seemed to be everywhere.
6 Who was Matthias Schleiden? German botanist, who in 1838, concluded that all plants were made up of cells
7 Who was Theodor Schwann? German biologist, who in 1839, stated that all animals were made of cells
8 Who was Rudolph Virchow? German physician, who in 1855, concluded that new cells could be produced only from the division of existing cells.
9 What are the tenets of Cell Theory? 1. All cells come from pre-existing cells. 2. Cells are the most basic unit of living organisms. (Cells are the basic units of life) 3. All living organisms are made up of one or more cells.
10 How to Remember Cell Theory? What significant information has been covered so far? Revisit your notes and discuss with your neighbor. Let s share some of the key information. Summarize this new knowledge using a strategy: Mneumonic Devices Non-linguistic representations (timelines) Write out a paragraph underlining key words
11 What are the two types of cells? Create a double bubble comparing/contrasting the two cell types.
12 Characteristics of prokaryotic cells Cell characteristics: No nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Has cell membrane, cell wall, ribosomes, DNA Age: more ancient than eukaryotic cells Size: tend to be smaller than eukaryotic cells Characteristics of organisms made up of prokaryotic cells: unicellular organisms Organisms are found in kingdoms Archae & Bacteria
13 Characteristics of eukaryotic cells Cell characteristics: Has nucleus & membrane-bound organelles Organelles serve as compartments for specific metabolic functions Age: younger than prokaryotic cells Size: tend to be larger than prokaryotic cells Characteristics of organisms made up of eukaryotic cells: Make up unicellular and multicellular organisms Organisms are found in kingdoms plantae, animalia, fungi, & protista
14 What are the two eukaryotic cells? Create a double bubble comparing/contrasting the two cells.
15 Characteristics of Animal Cells *Nucleus present *Membrane-bound organelles present Cell wall not present Chloroplasts not present Can have vacuoles but does not have a central vacuole Can have flagella *characteristics of eukaryotic cells
16 Characteristics of Plant Cells *Nucleus present *Membrane-bound organelles present Cell wall present made up of cellulose Central vacuole present Chloroplasts present *characteristics of eukaryotic cells
17 How did organelles come to be? The Endosymbiotic Theory concerns the mitochondria, plastids, (Chloroplasts) and possibly other organelles of eukaryotic cells. According to this theory, certain organelles originated as free-living bacteria that were taken inside another cells as endosymbionts. Mitochondria developed from proteobacteria and chloroplasts from cyanobacteria.
18 How are the Kingdoms related?
19 Reflection of Learning Goals What are the three parts of the cell theory? What are the structural similarities and differences between the two types of cells? What are the structural similarities and differences between the two types of eukaryotic cells? Presentation Learning Goals: 1. Student will be able to defend the importance of the development of the cell theory. 2. Student will be able to describe similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 3. Student will be able to describe similarities and differences between plant & animal cells.
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