Name Hour. Section 7-1 Life Is Cellular (pages )
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1 Name Hour Section 7-1 Life Is Cellular (pages ) Introduction (page 169) 1. What is the structure that makes up every living thing? The Discovery of the Cell (pages ) 2. What was Anton van Leeuwenhoek one of the first to see in the 1600s? 3. What did a thin slice of cork seem like to Robert Hooke when he observed it through a microscope? 4. What did the German botanist Matthias Schleiden conclude? 5. What did the German biologist Theodor Schwann conclude? 6. How did Rudolph Virchow summarize his years of work? 7. What are the three concepts that make up the cell theory? a. b. c. Exploring the Cell (pages ) 8. Why are electron microscopes capable of revealing details much smaller than those seen through light microscopes?
2 Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes (pages ) 9. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about prokaryotes. a. They grow and reproduce. b. Many are large, multicellular organisms. c. They are more complex than cells of eukaryotes. d. They have cell membranes and cytoplasm. 10. Are all eukaryotes large, multicellular organisms? 11. Complete the table about the two categories of cells. TWO CATEGORIES OF CELLS Category Definition Examples Organisms whose cells lack nuclei Organisms whose cells contain nuclei
3 Name Hour Section 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure (pages ) Comparing a Cell to a Factory (pa g e 174) 1. What is an organelle? 2. Label the structures on the illustration of the plant cell. 3. Circle the letter of each structure that animal cells contain. a. chloroplasts b. lysosomes c. mitochondria d. ER 4. Circle the letter of each structure that plant cells contain. a. cell wall b. ER c. lysosomes d. chloroplast Nucleus (page 176) 5. What is the function of the nucleus? 6. What important molecules does the nucleus contain? 7. The granular material visible within the nucleus is called 8. What does chromatin consist of?
4 9. What are chromosomes? 10. Most nuclei contain a small, dense region known as the 11. What occurs in the nucleolus? 12. What is the nuclear envelope? Ribosomes (page 177) 13. What are ribosomes? Endoplasmic Reticulum (pages ) 14. What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER? Golgi Apparatus (page 178) 15. Using the cell as a factory analogy, describe the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell. Lysosomes (page 179) 16. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about lysosomes. a. They contain enzymes that help synthesize lipids. b. They break down organelles that have outlived their usefulness. c. They produce proteins that are modified by the ER. d. They contain enzymes that break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
5 Vacuoles (page 179) 17. What are vacuoles? 18. What is the role of the central vacuole in plants? 19. How does the contractile vacuole in a paramecium help maintain homeostasis? Mitochondria and Chloroplasts (pages ) 20. Is the following sentence true or false? Both Chloroplasts and mitochondria are enclosed by two membranes. 21. Chloroplasts and mitochondria contain their own genetic information in the form of 22. What are mitochondria? 23. Are mitochondria found in plant cells, animal cells, or both? 24. Where are chloroplasts found? 25. Biologist Lynn Margulis has suggested that mitochondria and chloroplasts are descendants of what kind of organisms? Cytoskeleton (page 181) 23. What is the cytoskeleton?
6 24. Complete the table about structures that make up the cytoskeleton. STRUCTURES OF THE CYTOSKELETON Structure Description Functions Maintain cell shape, help build cilia and flagella, form centrioles in cell division Support the cell, help cells move Match the organelle with its description. Organelle 25. Ribosome 26. Endoplasmic reticulum 27. Golgi apparatus 28. Lysosome 29. Vacuole 30. Chloroplast 31. Mitochondrion Description a. Uses energy from sunlight to make energy rich food b. Stack of membranes in which enzymes attach carbohydrates and lipids to proteins c. Uses energy from food to make high energy compounds d. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed e. Saclike structure that stores materials f. Small particles of RNA and protein that produces protein following instructions from nucleus g. Filled with enzymes used to break down food into particles that can be used
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