INDIAN SCHOOL MUSCAT SENIOR SECTION DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCE CLASS: IX : GEOGRAPHY TOPIC/CHAPTER: CHAPTER: 2 PHYSICAL FEATURES

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1 INDIAN SCHOOL MUSCAT SENIOR SECTION DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCE CLASS: IX : GEOGRAPHY TOPIC/CHAPTER: CHAPTER: 2 PHYSICAL FEATURES WORKSHEET NO. 06 Summary:- Tectonic Plate Theory:- This theory is based on continental drift which explains the formation of various continents over millions of years; as we see them today. Plate Boundaries:-Convergent Boundary, Divergent Boundary and Transform Boundary MAJOR PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS:a.The Himalayan Mountains b.the Northern Plains c.the Peninsular Plateau d. The Indian Desert e. The Coastal Plainsf.The Islands The Himalayan Mountain. The Himalayas run along the northern border of India. The Himalayas form an arc which is about 2,00 km long. Himalayan Regions from East to West: a)punjab Himalayas:- This part lies between the Indus and Sutlej. b)kumaon Himalayas: This part lies between Sutlej and Kali rivers. c)nepal Himalayas: This part lies between the Kali and Tista rivers. d)assam Himalayas: This part lies between the Tista and Dihang rivers. The Northern Plain :The northern plain of India is formed by three river systems, viz. the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra; along with their tributaries. This plain is composed of alluvial soil which has been deposited over millions of years. a)bhabar b)terai c)bhangar: d)khadar: The peninsular plateau is a tableland. It is composed of the oldest rocks because it was formed from the drifted part of the Gondwana land. The Western and the Eastern Ghats:- They make the western and eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau. The average elevation of Western Ghats is metres; compared to 600 metres in case of Eastern Ghats. The Eastern Ghats stretch from Mahanadi Valley to the Nilgiris in the south. The Western Ghats cause orographic rains as they face the rain-laden winds from west. The Indian Desert:-The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravali Hills. This region gets scanty rainfall which is less than 50 mm in a year The Coastal Plains. The Konkan,The Kannada Plain the Malabar coast & the Northern Circar. The IslandsThe Lakshadweep Islands and The Andaman and Nicobar Islands S.No. Question What are Lithospheric plates? Name the seven major Tectonic plates. (+) Marks 2. What does the movement of the plates result in? 2 ISM/SENIOR SECTION/ IX/ SOCIAL SCIENCE/ APRIL 207 Page of 6

. Classify the plate movements into three types and explain each briefly with suitable diagrams. (+). Explain the formation of the Himalayas and the mountain system ofwestern Asia. 5.

2 . Classify the plate movements into three types and explain each briefly with suitable diagrams. (+). Explain the formation of the Himalayas and the mountain system ofwestern Asia. 5. Describe the formation of the Northern plains of India. 6. The land of India displays great physical variation. Explain the above statement with examples. 7. Name the major physiographic divisions of India. 8. Ans Explain the Himalayan mountains under the following headings:i) Extent of the range ii) Shape iii) Length iv) Width v) Altitudinal variations. i) Extent of the range: These mountain ranges run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra.ii) Shape : form an arciii) Length:2,00 Km.iv) Width: Their width varies from 00 Km in Kashmir to 50 Km in Arunachal Pradesh.v) Altitudinal variations: The altitudinal variations are greater in the eastern half than those in the western half. 9. Name the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas. 0. Ans Explain Himadri range under the following headings: ) Other name : the Great or Inner Himalayas 2) Location : The northern most range ) Average altitude: an average height of 6,000 metres. ) Prominent peaks : Mt. Everest Nepal 888,Kanchenjunga India 8598,Makalu Nepal 88,Dhaulagiri Nepal 872 5) Folds: asymmetrical in nature. 6) Core of this part: composed of granite.. Explain the characteristics of the Himachal under the following headings: i) Location : lies to the south of the Himadri ii) Other name : Himachal or lesser Himalaya. iii) Rocks: compressed and altered rocks. iv) ISM/SENIOR SECTION/ IX/ SOCIAL SCIENCE/ APRIL 207 Page 2 of 6

3 Altitude: between,700 and,500 metres v) Average width: width is of 50 Km. vi) Important ranges :PirPanjal,DhaulaDhar&Mahabharat vii) Famous valleys: the Kashmir,Kangra&Kullu valley viii) Hill Stations: Mussoori,Nainital&Ranikhet. 2. Explain the Outer Himalayas under the following: a) Other name b) Location c) Average width iv) Altitude v) Sediments. What are Duns? Give examples. 2. Explain the divisions of the Himalayas on the basis of regions from west to east. How have these regions been demarcated? 5. What marks the eastern-most boundary of the Himalayas? 6. What are Purvanchals? Name the hills comprising it. 7. Name the three river systems that have led to the formation of the northern plains. 8. Explain the characteristic features of Northern Plains on the basis of the following:) Formation 2) Area covered ) Extension ) Width 5) Other characteristic features 9. What are the characteristics of the rivers in its lower course? 20. What do you mean by distributaries? 2 2. What is Doab? 22. Describe the three sections into which the northern plains have been divided. 2. Explain the divisions of the northern plains according to the variations in the relief features. 2. Distinguish between Bhangar and Khadar plains on the basis of the following: Basis Bhangar plain* Khadar plain a) New / older alluvium The plain is formed of older alluvium. The plain is formed of newer, younger deposits. ISM/SENIOR SECTION/ IX/ SOCIAL SCIENCE/ APRIL 207 Page of 6

4 b) Location They lie above the flood plains of the rivers. They lie near the river banks. c) Fertility They are less fertile. They are more fertile * The soil in the Bhangar region contains calcareous deposits locally known as kankar. 25. Explain the characteristics of the Peninsular plateau under the following: ) Shape 2) Rocks ) Formation ) Topographic features 5) Slope 6) Main divisions. 26. What are Central Highlands? 27. What lies to the south, north-west and west of the Vindhyan range? Name the plateau that forms the eastward extensions of the Central Highlands. 29. Explain the features of the Deccan plateau under the following: a) Location and Shape b) Northern and eastern extensions c) Slope d) Extension of the plateau in the north-east 0. What separates the Deccan plateau from the Chotanagpur plateau?. Distinguish between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats under the following points: Basis Western Ghats Eastern Ghats ) Location Mark the western edge of the Deccan Plateau, located parallel to the western coast. 2) Altitude Average elevation is metres. ) Continuity They are continuous and can be crossed through passes. Mark the eastern edge of the Deccan Plateau, located parallel to the eastern coast. Average elevation is 600meters. They are discontinuous. ) Highest peaks 5) Local names AnaiMudiand DodaBetta are the highest peak. Nilgiri, Cardamom, Anaimalai. Mahendragiri is the highest peak. Shevaroy Hills and Javadi Hills. 2. Name the type of rainfall in the Western Ghats. ISM/SENIOR SECTION/ IX/ SOCIAL SCIENCE/ APRIL 207 Page of 6

5 . Where is the Deccan Trap located? Write a short account on the type of rocks found here.. Write a note on the Aravallis covering the following points: i) Location ii) How are they found as? iii) Extension 5. Describe the Indian Desert (Thar) under the following headings: ) Location 2) Topography ) Rainfall ) Climate and vegetation 5) Stream formation 6) Sand dunes 6. Ans Distinguish between the Western coastal plains and the Eastern coastal plains under the following points: Basis Western Coastal Plains Eastern Coastal Plains i) Extension They extend from Gujarat to Kerala. They extend from West Bengal to Tamilnadu. ii) Location They are located in between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea They are located in between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. (contd.) iii) Main divisions or different names The northern part of the coast called the Konkan (Mumbai to Goa). The central stretch is called the Kannad Plain The southern stretch is referred to as the Malabar coast. a) The northern part is referred to as the Northern Circar. b) The southern part is known as the Coromandal Coast. iv) Width They are narrow. They are broad. v) Rivers Narmada and Tapi Mahanadi, Krishna, Godavari and Kavari i) Features formed Known for lagoons and Estuaries. Lake Chilika important feature along the east coast. 7. Distinguish between Lakshadweep islands and Andaman and Nicobar islands under the following: Basis Lakshadweep islands Andaman and Nicobar Island a) Location They are located in the Arabian Sea near the coast. b) Origin This island group is composed of small They are located in the Bay of Bengal far away from the coast. This island group are an elevated portion of submarine ISM/SENIOR SECTION/ IX/ SOCIAL SCIENCE/ APRIL 207 Page 5 of 6

6 coral islands. c) Size They are smaller in size. mountains. They are bigger in size. d) Number (less / more) They are less in number. They are numerous and scattered. e) Capital Kavaratti Port Blair 8. The physiographic divisions of India are complementary to one another. Explain giving four examples 5 PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS: Q Q2 Q Q Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q0 Name any one feature formed by deposition of river?202 Name three longitudinal divisions of Himalayas.State one characteristic feature of each.202 Describe the name and one feature each of any three parts of the Northern Plains.20 Explain which two forces are responsible for shaping the present geographic features of India? Which continents od today were part of Gondwanaland?20 Name the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas.write three features of the Northernmost range of the Himalayas.20 Name the three types of plate boundaries.explain one characteristic of each.205 Differentiate between Tributaries and Distributaries.206 Classify the Himalayas on the basis of regions from west east.write any three regions.206 How did India s contact with the outside world contribute in the exchange of ideas and commodities?206 The physiographic divisions are complementary to each other.give five examples to support your answer. 206 m 5m 5m ISM/SENIOR SECTION/ IX/ SOCIAL SCIENCE/ APRIL 207 Page 6 of 6

2. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF INDIA

2. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF INDIA Question 1: Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below. (i) A landmass bound by sea on three sides is referred to as (a) Coast (c) Peninsula (b) Island