Coastal Evolution in Sedimentary Areas in Greenland

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1 Coastal Evolution in Sedimentary Areas in Greenland Mette Bendixen P h D s t u d e n t DANCORE Young Professionals Day Dias 1

2 Outline Motivation State of the art on Arctic coasts Purpose of my Phd Presentation of the two study areas Results Conclusion

3 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Motivation: Climate is changing warming in the Arctic is stronger Dias 3

4 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Motivation: Climate is changing glaciers are retreating Bjørk et al DOI: /NGEO1481 Dias 4

5 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Motivation: Climate is changing sea ice extent is thinning and diminishing Peter Wadhams, Polar Ocean Physics Group, Cambridge Dias 5

6 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Climate is changing and sets off several processes: Increasing pressure on coastal areas Dias 6

7 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Climate is changing and sets off several processes: Increasing pressure on coastal areas Changing depositional patterns Shifting coastal fluxes to the oceans Altering sediment and nutrient pathways Dias 7

8 Arctic coasts: tundra Coastal plain in Alaska and Siberia Dias 8

9 Coastal plain in Alaska and Siberia Dias 9

10 State of art on Arctic coasts Coastal plain Greenland Dias 10

11 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) State of art on Arctic coasts Lantuiet et al DOI /s Dias 11

12 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) State of art on Arctic coasts m/yr m/yr m/yr m/yr?! Lantuiet et al DOI /s Dias 12

13 Aims Quantify rates (m 3 /y) of shoreline changes and fluxes of eroded sediment and nutrient in permafrost-affected areas in Greenland Dias 13

14 Aims Quantify rates (m 3 /y) of shoreline changes and fluxes of eroded sediment and nutrient in permafrost-affected areas in Greenland Specify the parameters responsible for shoreline changes in a warming Arctic climate Dias 14

15 Study areas sedimentary coasts Young Sound Continuous permafrost South-eastern Disko Island Discontinuous permafrost Dias 15

16 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Study area sedimentary coasts, Disko Island, W Gr. Sedimentary coasts ~20 % (10% deltas) Dias 16

17 FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Study area sedimentary coasts, Young Sound, NE Gr. Dias 17

18 Aim 1 Quantify rates of shoreline changes and sediment and nutrient fluxes in permafrost-affected areas Identification of geomorphological features - beach ridges, tombolos, pocket beaches, spits, deltas Identification of coastal changes Methods Aerial photos and satellite images Coastal change detection method Dias 18

19 Results Morphological mapping, Disko Dias 19

20 Results Morphological mapping, Young Sound Dias 20

21 Methods detection of shoreline changes 1932 Dias 21

22 Methods detection of shoreline changes Dias 22

23 Methods detection of shoreline changes 1932 Dias

24 Methods detection of shoreline changes Aerial photos Rectification and georeferencing Shoreline detection Shoreline changes Dias 24

25 Results Detection of shoreline changes Disko Island 1964: aerial photo 1985: orthophoto Skansen 2012: satellite image Dias 25

26 Results Detection of shoreline changes Skansen, Disko Island 1964 Skansen Dias 26

27 Results Detection of coastal changes Zackenberg delta CENTER FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Meters Dias 27

28 Preliminary results Detection of coastal changes Zackenberg delta CENTER FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Meters Dias 28

29 Preliminary results - Detection of coastal changes Zackenberg delta CENTER FOR PERMAFROST (CENPERM) Meters 19 m Dias 29

30 Aim 2 Specify the parameters responsible for shoreline changes in a warming Arctic climate Methods Identification of parameters influencing coastal changes - strengths and stresses Dias 30

31 Aim 2 Specify the parameters responsible for shoreline changes in a warming Arctic climate Methods Identification of parameters influencing coastal changes Dias 31

32 Results strengths stresses Dias 32

33 Results strengths Topographic profiles Cliff height and orientation Active layer depth Ice content Grain size Organic content stresses Bathymetry Wave characteristics Water levels incl. tide Sea ice Dias 33

34 Results Strength of the coast Meters Dias 34

35 Results Strength of the coast, active layer depth Dias 35

36 Take home message Sedimentary coasts in Greenlands response to climate changes erosion, aggredation, or reworking? Dias 36

37 Take home message Sedimentary coasts in Greenlands response to climate changes eroding, accreting, or reworking Dias 37

38 Questions, inputs, and comments are very welcome! Dias 38

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