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1 Name: Date of Written Final: Scientific Method: Read the following scenarios. Circle the independent variable and underline the dependent variable. Put a square around the control group. After each scenario, write a hypothesis using the correct format. 1. Mary had read that there are alternatives to pesticides for killing aphides that infest roses. She read that some soaps are good at repelling the pest. She had five rose plants. She tried four different types of soap on the plants and left one plant alone. She then recorded the number of aphides remaining on each rose plant. Hypothesis: 2. Bobby worked in a restaurant. He noticed that some of the wait staff wash their hands with soap and water and some used hand sanitizer. He wondered which method would result in the least amount of bacteria left on their hands. He swabbed their hands to collect bacteria before they washed their hands and again after using soap/hand sanitizer. He then measured the amount of bacteria using bacteria growth plates. Hypothesis: 3. Larry went to an amusement park with some of his friends. He noticed that some rides made him and his friends feel more nauseated than others. He wanted to see if there was a reason for this. Larry and his friends put the rides in two categories spinning rides and non-spinning rides. They rode the rides and rated how nauseated they became. Hypothesis: 4. A shopping mall wanted to determine whether the more expensive Tough Stuff floor wax was better then the cheaper Steel Seal floor wax at protecting its floor tiles against scratches. One liter of each brand of floor wax was applied to each of 5 test sections of the main hall of the mall. Five (5) other test sections received no wax. After 3 weeks, the number of scratches in each of the test sections was counted. Hypothesis: 5. Many scientists believe that global temperatures have been increasing over time. Average temperatures were recorded and graphed on the following graph. Write a conclusion paragraph for the experiment. In your conclusion, include the following: Restate the hypothesis State whether or not the hypothesis was supported Provide supporting evidence State what the relationship is between the variables

Cell Division: 1. Make a table and compare and contrast (using at least 4 traits) the two types of cell division. Include example cells. 2. Divide the circle below to illustrate a complete cell cycle.

2 Cell Division: 1. Make a table and compare and contrast (using at least 4 traits) the two types of cell division. Include example cells. 2. Divide the circle below to illustrate a complete cell cycle. Indicate the number of chromosomes (use humans) for each phase. 3. In proper order, list the major players (and each ones job) used to achieve semi-conservative replication. 4. What is the diagram to the right illustrating? Be sure to explain all important details. 5. What is the difference between the products of meiosis for males versus females? 6. Review all steps (in order of mitosis, meiosis, DNA replication and the cell cycle) Genetics: For each of the following genotypes, state whether it is heterozygous (He) or homozygous (Ho): 1. AA 5. Ee 9. Ii 13. Mm 2. Bb 6. ff 10. Jj 14. nn

Complete the following monohybrid crosses: 17. In pea plant, tall (T) is dominant to dwarf (t). Show the cross between a heterozygous tall plant and a dwarf plant. 17 18.

3 Complete the following monohybrid crosses: 17. In pea plant, tall (T) is dominant to dwarf (t). Show the cross between a heterozygous tall plant and a dwarf plant Using the same alleles as in number 17, show the cross between two heterozygous tall plants In baboons, red-baboon butts are dominant to blue-baboon butts. Cross a blue-butted baboon with one that is homozygous red-butted In flamingos, pink feathers are dominant to yellow. Cross a homozygous pink flamingo with a heterozygous flamingo. Protein Synthesis: Identify all the structures (1-5) in the picture below and give the function of each: 20

4 Evolution and Classification: Evidence for Evolution Description of Evidence Explain how this shows evidence for evolution 1. Fossil Dating 2. Embryology 3. Homologous Structures 4. Vestigial Structures 5. DNA Similarities 6. List the levels of the Linnaean classification system from broad to specific:

5 Ecology: Define the following terms and provide examples of each: 1. Biotic: Definition: Examples: 2. Abiotic: Definition: Examples: Relationships between organisms Definition Example 3. Competition 4. Predation 5. Mutualism 6. Commensalism 7. Parasitism Define each of the levels of organization for ecology: 8. Organism: 9. Population: 10. Community: 11. Ecosystem: 12. Biome: Environmental Science: 1) Name the 2 main greenhouse gases and explain how they are connected to global climate change. 2) What specifically causes desertification to occur? What is a solution to this problem? What biogeochemical cycle is impacted? 3) What is the term that is the opposite of over-consumption and over exploitation? 4) What are invasive species? How do they enter a system? (2 ways) 5) What are the 2 types of energy? Give examples of each. 6) What are the 2 types of solid waste? Give examples of each. 7) What is the connection between air pollution and water pollution? 8) What is ocean acidification? What type(s) of organisms are directly affected? Indirectly? 9) What are sticks and carrots in enforcing sustainable practices? 10) Where does 81% of the energy get its energy from? 11) Name 3 specific reasons why transitioning from fossil fuels to alternative energies is complicated and difficult. 12) What is biodiversity? 13) What is CONPTT? How and why is it used? What is HIPPO, what does each letter stand for?

Name Period. 2. Name the 3 parts of interphase AND briefly explain what happens in each:

Name Period. 2. Name the 3 parts of interphase AND briefly explain what happens in each: Name Period GENERAL BIOLOGY Second Semester Study Guide Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AND MEIOSIS 1. The cell cycle consists of a growth stage and a division