Name Class Date. KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.
|
|
- Margery Gardner
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Section 1: Chromosomes and Meiosis KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have. VOCABULARY somatic cell autosome fertilization gamete sex chromosome diploid homologous chromosome sexual reproduction haploid meiosis MAIN IDEA: You have body cells and gametes. Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. The two major groups of cell types in the human body are called and. 2. The gametes are located in the organs. 3. The number of chromosomes in a typical human body cell is. MAIN IDEA: Your cells have autosomes and sex chromosomes. Fill in the Concept Map below to summarize what you know about chromosomes. 46 chromosomes in human body cells half come from 4. include include 5. sex chromosomes 6. include include consist of 22 homologous pairs Holt McDougal Biology 1 Meiosis and Mendel Section 1: Chromosomes and Meiosis
2 continued 9. A person with two X chromosomes is female / male. 10. The X / Y chromosome carries the fewest number of genes. MAIN IDEA: Body cells are diploid; gametes are haploid. Circle the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 11. During fertilization, the nuclei of the egg and sperm fuse / separate. 12. Germ / Somatic cells are haploid. 13. The haploid / diploid chromosome number in humans is Each human gamete has one autosome / sex chromosome. Read the descriptions in the table below and then decide which column should be labeled Mitosis and which column should be labeled Meiosis Makes diploid cells. Makes genetically identical cells. Makes haploid cells. Makes genetically unique cells. Happens throughout an organism s life. Happens at specific times in an organism s life. Involved in asexual reproduction. Vocabulary Check 17. Circle all of the following statements that are true for homologous chromosomes. a. One is from the mother and one is from the father. b. They are a pair of chromosomes. c. They are fertilized gametes. Involved in sexual reproduction. d. They have the same genes, but they differ in length and appearance. e. They have the same genes, length, and overall appearance. Holt McDougal Biology 2 Meiosis and Mendel Section 1: Chromosomes and Meiosis
3 Section 2: Process of Meiosis KEY CONCEPT During meiosis, diploid cells undergo two cell divisions that result in haploid cells. VOCABULARY gametogenesis sperm egg polar body MAIN IDEA: Cells go through two rounds of division in meiosis. 1. After a chromosome is replicated, each half is called a sister chromatid / polar body. 2. Two chromosomes that are very similar and carry the same genes are called somatic / homologous chromosomes. In the space below, sketch the phases of meiosis I and II and write the name of each phase below it. Use Figure 2.3 to help you. Meiosis I Meiosis II Holt McDougal Biology 3 Meiosis and Mendel Section 2: Process of Meiosis
4 continued 11. In the diagram on the previous page, circle the phase in which homologous chromosomes separate, and put a box around the phase in which sister chromatids separate. MAIN IDEA: Haploid cells develop into mature gametes. 12. The sperm cell and the egg both contribute to an embryo. Place a check mark in the appropriate boxes below to indicate what each gamete contributes to the embryo. DNA Organelles Molecular building blocks Sperm cell Egg 13. Where are polar bodies made, in the male or in the female? 14. Complete the diagram of gametogenesis in the boxes below. Use Figure 2.4 to help you. Sperm Formation Egg Formation Vocabulary Check Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 15. Genesis comes from a Greek word that means to be born. Therefore, gametogenesis is the of gametes. 16. Polar bodies are cells produced by in the female body. They contain little more than DNA and are eventually. Holt McDougal Biology 4 Meiosis and Mendel Section 2: Process of Meiosis
5 Section 3: Mendel and Heredity KEY CONCEPT Mendel s research showed that traits are inherited as discrete units. VOCABULARY trait purebred law of segregation genetics cross MAIN IDEA: Mendel laid the groundwork for genetics. Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. Genetics is the study of biological patterns and variation in organisms. 2. A man named Gregor did early work that is the basis for much of our current understanding of genetics. 3. Mendel s views on inheritance differed from the views of many scientists of his time. Mendel recognized that are inherited as discrete units. MAIN IDEA: Mendel s data revealed patterns of inheritance. In designing his experiments, Mendel made three important choices that helped him see patterns of inheritance. The table below describes these choices and gives an example of how he put each choice into action. Match each choice with its example in the table. Mendel s Choices 4. Use of purebred plants 5. Study of either-or traits Example a. He removed the stamens and fertilized the pistil with pollen from a pea plant of his choice. b. He experimented with self-pollinating, purebred pea plants. 6. Control over breeding c. He looked at traits that did not have intermediate characteristics such as pea shape, pea color, flower color, pod shape, pod color, flower position, and plant height. Holt McDougal Biology 5 Meiosis and Mendel Section 3: Mendel and Heredity
6 continued 7. Mendel used pea plants, because they reproduce quickly / slowly, and he could control how they grow / mate. 8. Mendel bred flowers resulting in F 1 generation with dominant / recessive phenotype. He then allowed the F 1 generation offspring to self-pollinate. This resulted in an F 2 generation with dominant phenotypes only / both dominant and recessive phenotypes. 9. Mendel concluded that traits are inherited as discrete units. Today, we call these discrete units gametes / genes. 10. Mendel s law of segregation has two conclusions: i. Organisms inherit one copy / two copies of each gene, one from each parent. ii. Genes segregate during gamete formation, so organisms donate one copy / two copies of each gene in their gametes. Vocabulary Check 11. Segregation means separation. In Mendel s law of segregation, it is the gametes / genes that are segregated, or separated. 12. Purebred means a line of organisms that has uniform genetics / phenotype. Holt McDougal Biology 6 Meiosis and Mendel Section 3: Mendel and Heredity
7 Section 4: Traits, Genes, and Alleles KEY CONCEPT Genes encode proteins that produce a diverse range of traits. VOCABULARY gene heterozygous phenotype allele genome dominant homozygous genotype recessive MAIN IDEA: The same gene can have many versions. 1. There is a relationship between genes and proteins: A gene / protein provides instructions for a cell to make a certain gene / protein. 2. An allele is any of the alternative forms of a gene / genome that may occur at a specific locus / trait. 3. If a pair of alleles is the same, they are called heterozygous / homozygous. If a pair of alleles is different, they are called heterozygous / homozygous. 4. Homologous chromosomes are two chromosomes (one from the mother and one from the father) that have the same length, overall appearance, and alleles / genes, although the alleles / genes may differ. 5. In the space below, draw a pair of homologous chromosomes. On the chromosomes, draw and label one set of genes with homozygous alleles (Gene A, Gene A). Draw and label another set of genes with heterozygous alleles (Gene B, Gene b). Holt McDougal Biology 7 Meiosis and Mendel Section 4: Traits, Genes, and Alleles
8 continued MAIN IDEA: Genes influence the development of traits. 6. Genotype and phenotype differ. Use the statements below to fill in the definition and an analogy for each one in the table. a. The observable traits of an organism. b. The underlying genetics of an organism. c. A person s thoughts that you can t read. d. A person s words that tell you what they re thinking about. Genotype Phenotype Definition Analogy Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 7. Alleles are represented on paper by letters. Uppercase letters indicate alleles, and lowercase letters indicate alleles. 8. An organism s phenotype is affected both by alleles and by. Complete the table by filling in the following terms: dominant, recessive, TT, Tt. Genotype Phenotype Alleles homozygous dominant dominant 9. homozygous recessive 10. tt heterozygous Vocabulary Check Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 13. An organism with a QQ genotype has alleles. 14. An alternative form of a gene is called an. 15. The opposite of homozygous is. The opposite of dominant is. Holt McDougal Biology 8 Meiosis and Mendel Section 4: Traits, Genes, and Alleles
9 Section 5: Traits and Probability KEY CONCEPT The inheritance of traits follows the rules of probability. VOCABULARY Punnett square testcross law of independent assortment monohybrid cross dihybrid cross probability MAIN IDEA: Punnett squares illustrate genetic crosses. Identify what each of the numbered parts represents in the Punnett square below. Then draw lines from each of the parents alleles to the corresponding alleles in the offspring. 2. A a A AA Aa a Aa aa 1. Circle the parts of the Punnett square that represent the parents alleles. 2. What are the possible genotypes of the offspring in this cross? Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best complete the following sentence. 3. Each parent contributes only one allele to the offspring, because the alleles segregated during gamete formation, which is called. During this process, the chromosomes separated. Holt McDougal Biology 9 Meiosis and Mendel Section 5: Traits and Probability
10 continued MAIN IDEA: A monohybrid cross involves one trait. 4. You know a ratio is a comparison that tells how two or more things relate. Therefore, a genotypic ratio is a comparison that tells the proportion of offspring that have a particular. A phenotypic ratio is a comparison that tells the proportion of offspring that have a particular. 5. What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring in Figure 5.3? 6. What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring in Figure 5.4? MAIN IDEA: A dihybrid cross involves two traits. 7. A dihybrid cross examines the inheritance of a. two testcrosses. b. four testcrosses. c. two traits. d. four traits. 8. Suppose an organism has the genotype AABb. Two types of gametes could result from this allele combination: and. 9. What is the phenotypic ratio that results from a dihybrid cross between two organisms that are heterozygous for both traits? See Figure 5.5 for help. MAIN IDEA: Heredity patterns can be calculated with probability. 10. Probability predicts the average / exact number of occurrences, not the average / exact number of occurrences. 11. To calculate the probability that two independent events will happen together, divide / multiply the probability of each individual event. Vocabulary Check 12. A testcross is done between an organism with a dominant / recessive phenotype and an organism with a(n) known / unknown genotype. 13. In the law of independent assortment, allele pairs / gene pairs are independent. Holt McDougal Biology 10 Meiosis and Mendel Section 5: Traits and Probability
11 Section 6: Meiosis and Genetic Variation KEY CONCEPT Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis result in genetic diversity. VOCABULARY crossing over genetic linkage MAIN IDEA: Sexual reproduction creates unique gene combinations. 1. Sexual reproduction helps create and maintain genetic diversity by independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis / mitosis and by deliberate / random fertilization of gametes. 2. Sexual reproduction creates new alleles / new combinations of alleles. 3. The production of unique genetic combinations is a(n) advantage / disadvantage to organisms and species, because the resulting organisms have unique phenotypes, which increases / decreases the likelihood that some will survive under changing conditions. MAIN IDEA: Crossing over during meiosis increases genetic diversity. 4. When crossing over occurs, chromosomes are in a(n) duplicated / unduplicated state. 5. Use sketches to illustrate how crossing over contributes to genetic diversity. Use Figure 6.2 for reference. 1. Draw a cell with four chromosomes in the first box. Make one pair of chromosomes large and the other pair small. Color in one large chromosome and one small chromosome. 2. In the next box, draw the cell in prophase I. Have each pair of homologous chromosomes line up together large with large, small with small. 3. In the third box, show crossing over between each pair of homologous chromosomes. 4. In the last box, show what the chromosomes look like as a result of crossing over. Holt McDougal Biology 11 Meiosis and Mendel Section 6: Meiosis and Genetic Variation
12 continued 6. Refer to your cell sketch in the last box on the previous page. Also refer to Figure 2.3 (in Section 2) if necessary. 1. In the first box below, show what your cell would look like at the end of meiosis I. Remember, the result will be two cells that have one duplicated chromosome from each homologous pair. 2. In the second box, show what your cell would look like at the end of meiosis II. Remember, the result will be four cells that have one (unduplicated) chromosome from each homologous pair. In the following table, indicate whether or not genes A and B will follow Mendel s law of independent assortment. Place the letter of each explanation listed below into the appropriate box. a. The chromosomes carrying those genes will line up randomly and separate randomly during meiosis. b. The genes are likely to be linked and to travel together during meiosis. c. The genes will be far enough from each other that crossing over is very likely to occur between them. Location of genes A and B 7. On separate, nonhomologous chromosomes 8. At opposite ends on the same chromosome 9. Very close together on the same chromosome Vocabulary Check Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 10. The exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes is called. 11. The tendency for two genes that are located close together on a chromosome to be inherited together is called. Will they follow Mendel s law of independent assortment? Explanation (Yes or No) (a, b, or c) Holt McDougal Biology 12 Meiosis and Mendel Section 6: Meiosis and Genetic Variation
Reinforcement Unit 3 Resource Book. Meiosis and Mendel KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.
6.1 CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have. Your body is made of two basic cell types. One basic type are somatic cells, also called body cells,
More informationHeredity and Genetics WKSH
Chapter 6, Section 3 Heredity and Genetics WKSH KEY CONCEPT Mendel s research showed that traits are inherited as discrete units. Vocabulary trait purebred law of segregation genetics cross MAIN IDEA:
More informationMeiosis and Mendel. Chapter 6
Meiosis and Mendel Chapter 6 6.1 CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS Key Concept Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have. Body Cells vs. Gametes You have body cells and gametes body cells
More informationVOCABULARY somatic cell autosome fertilization gamete sex chromosome diploid homologous chromosome sexual reproduction meiosis
6.1 CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS Study Guide KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have. VOCABULARY somatic cell autosome fertilization gamete sex chromosome diploid homologous
More informationChapter 6 Meiosis and Mendel
UNIT 3 GENETICS Chapter 6 Meiosis and Mendel 1 hairy ears (hypertrichosis)- due to holandric gene. (Y chromosome)-only occurs in males. Appears in all sons. 2 Polydactyly- having extra fingers Wendy the
More information1. CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS
Meiosis and Mendel Answer Key SECTION 1. CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS 1. somatic/body cells; germ cells/gametes 2. in the reproductive organs; ovaries and testes 3. 46 4. mother 5. father 6. autosomes 7. X
More informationgenome a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another gene the passing of traits from one generation to the next
genetics the study of heredity heredity sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait genome a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another gene trait the passing
More informationCh. 10 Sexual Reproduction and Genetics. p
Ch. 10 Sexual Reproduction and Genetics p. 270 - 10.1 Meiosis p. 270-276 Essential Question Main Idea! Meiosis produces haploid gametes Where are the instructions for each trait located in a cell?! On
More informationName Class Date. Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. 33
Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics Chapter Vocabulary Review Matching On the lines provided, write the letter of the definition of each term. 1. genetics a. likelihood that something will happen 2. trait
More informationUNIT 8 BIOLOGY: Meiosis and Heredity Page 148
UNIT 8 BIOLOGY: Meiosis and Heredity Page 148 CP: CHAPTER 6, Sections 1-6; CHAPTER 7, Sections 1-4; HN: CHAPTER 11, Section 1-5 Standard B-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the molecular
More informationSection 11 1 The Work of Gregor Mendel
Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics Section 11 1 The Work of Gregor Mendel (pages 263 266) What is the principle of dominance? What happens during segregation? Gregor Mendel s Peas (pages 263 264) 1. The
More informationEssential Questions. Meiosis. Copyright McGraw-Hill Education
Essential Questions How does the reduction in chromosome number occur during meiosis? What are the stages of meiosis? What is the importance of meiosis in providing genetic variation? Meiosis Vocabulary
More informationIntroduction to Genetics
Chapter 11 Introduction to Genetics Section 11 1 The Work of Gregor Mendel (pages 263 266) This section describes how Gregor Mendel studied the inheritance of traits in garden peas and what his conclusions
More informationChapter 11 INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS
Chapter 11 INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS 11-1 The Work of Gregor Mendel I. Gregor Mendel A. Studied pea plants 1. Reproduce sexually (have two sex cells = gametes) 2. Uniting of male and female gametes = Fertilization
More informationGuided Notes Unit 6: Classical Genetics
Name: Date: Block: Chapter 6: Meiosis and Mendel I. Concept 6.1: Chromosomes and Meiosis Guided Notes Unit 6: Classical Genetics a. Meiosis: i. (In animals, meiosis occurs in the sex organs the testes
More informationChapter 10 Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics Section 1: Meiosis Section 2: Mendelian Genetics Section 3: Gene Linkage and Polyploidy Click on a lesson name to select. Chromosomes and Chromosome Number! Human body
More informationCh 11.Introduction to Genetics.Biology.Landis
Nom Section 11 1 The Work of Gregor Mendel (pages 263 266) This section describes how Gregor Mendel studied the inheritance of traits in garden peas and what his conclusions were. Introduction (page 263)
More informationGETTING READY TO LEARN Preview Key Concepts 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.
CHAPTER 6 Meiosis and Mendel GETTING READY TO LEARN Preview Key Concepts 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis Gametes have hal the number o chromosomes that body cells have. 6.2 Process o Meiosis During meiosis,
More informationName Date Class. Meiosis I and Meiosis II
Concept Mapping Meiosis I and Meiosis II Complete the events chains about meiosis I and meiosis II. These terms may be used more than once: chromosomes, condense, cytokinesis, equator, line up, nuclei,
More informationUnit 8 Meiosis and Mendel. Genetics and Inheritance Quiz Date: Jan 14 Test Date: Jan. 22/23
Unit 8 Meiosis and Mendel Genetics and Inheritance Quiz Date: Jan 14 Test Date: Jan. 22/23 UNIT 8 - INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS Although the resemblance between generations of organisms had been noted for
More informationIntroduction to Genetics
Introduction to Genetics The Work of Gregor Mendel B.1.21, B.1.22, B.1.29 Genetic Inheritance Heredity: the transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring The study of heredity in biology is
More informationis the scientific study of. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk. He is considered the of genetics. Mendel carried out his work with ordinary garden.
11-1 The 11-1 Work of Gregor Mendel The Work of Gregor Mendel is the scientific study of. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk. He is considered the of genetics. Mendel carried out his work with ordinary
More informationUnit 6 Reading Guide: PART I Biology Part I Due: Monday/Tuesday, February 5 th /6 th
Name: Date: Block: Chapter 6 Meiosis and Mendel Section 6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis 1. How do gametes differ from somatic cells? Unit 6 Reading Guide: PART I Biology Part I Due: Monday/Tuesday, February
More informationUNIT 3: GENETICS 1. Inheritance and Reproduction Genetics inheritance Heredity parent to offspring chemical code genes specific order traits allele
UNIT 3: GENETICS 1. Inheritance and Reproduction Genetics the study of the inheritance of biological traits Heredity- the passing of traits from parent to offspring = Inheritance - heredity is controlled
More informationAdvance Organizer. Topic: Mendelian Genetics and Meiosis
Name: Row Unit 8 - Chapter 11 - Mendelian Genetics and Meiosis Advance Organizer Topic: Mendelian Genetics and Meiosis 1. Objectives (What should I be able to do?) a. Summarize the outcomes of Gregor Mendel's
More informationName Date Class CHAPTER 10. Section 1: Meiosis
Name Date Class Study Guide CHAPTER 10 Section 1: Meiosis In your textbook, read about meiosis I and meiosis II. Label the diagrams below. Use these choices: anaphase I anaphase II interphase metaphase
More informationSexual Reproduction and Genetics
Chapter Test A CHAPTER 10 Sexual Reproduction and Genetics Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term, number, or phrase that best answers each question. 1. How many
More informationMendelian Genetics. Introduction to the principles of Mendelian Genetics
+ Mendelian Genetics Introduction to the principles of Mendelian Genetics + What is Genetics? n It is the study of patterns of inheritance and variations in organisms. n Genes control each trait of a living
More informationI. GREGOR MENDEL - father of heredity
GENETICS: Mendel Background: Students know that Meiosis produces 4 haploid sex cells that are not identical, allowing for genetic variation. Essential Question: What are two characteristics about Mendel's
More informationTHE WORK OF GREGOR MENDEL
GENETICS NOTES THE WORK OF GREGOR MENDEL Genetics-. - Austrian monk- the father of genetics- carried out his work on. Pea flowers are naturally, which means that sperm cells fertilize the egg cells in
More informationWhat is a sex cell? How are sex cells made? How does meiosis help explain Mendel s results?
CHAPTER 6 3 Meiosis SECTION Heredity BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a sex cell? How are sex cells made? How does meiosis help explain
More informationMeiosis. ~ fragmentation - pieces split off and each piece becomes a new organism - starfish
** We are starting with section 3 because in order to understand Genetics, we must first understand how the cells and chromosomes divide to form the gametes! Meiosis 5 3 Just know the ones that are highlighted!
More informationGenetics (patterns of inheritance)
MENDELIAN GENETICS branch of biology that studies how genetic characteristics are inherited MENDELIAN GENETICS Gregory Mendel, an Augustinian monk (1822-1884), was the first who systematically studied
More informationCELL BIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: BASICS OF MEIOTIC GENETICS Sexual reproduction involves mixing DNA from individuals to produce genetically distinct offspring Beneficial because it allows for genetic diversity
More information-Genetics- Guided Notes
-Genetics- Guided Notes Chromosome Number The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance genes are located in specific on chromosomes. Homologous Chromosomes chromosomes come in, one from the male parent and one
More informationBiol. 303 EXAM I 9/22/08 Name
Biol. 303 EXAM I 9/22/08 Name -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This exam consists of 40 multiple choice questions worth 2.5
More informationBiology Chapter 11: Introduction to Genetics
Biology Chapter 11: Introduction to Genetics Meiosis - The mechanism that halves the number of chromosomes in cells is a form of cell division called meiosis - Meiosis consists of two successive nuclear
More informationInterest Grabber. Analyzing Inheritance
Interest Grabber Section 11-1 Analyzing Inheritance Offspring resemble their parents. Offspring inherit genes for characteristics from their parents. To learn about inheritance, scientists have experimented
More informationChapter 5. Heredity. Table of Contents. Section 1 Mendel and His Peas. Section 2 Traits and Inheritance. Section 3 Meiosis
Heredity Table of Contents Section 1 Mendel and His Peas Section 2 Traits and Inheritance Section 3 Meiosis Section 1 Mendel and His Peas Objectives Explain the relationship between traits and heredity.
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name: AP Biology Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Define the following terms: gene locus gamete male gamete female gamete
More informationBinary fission occurs in prokaryotes. parent cell. DNA duplicates. cell begins to divide. daughter cells
Chapter 11 Chapter 11 Some eukaryotes reproduce through mitosis. Binary fission is similar in function to mitosis. Asexual reproduction is the creation of offspring from a single parent. Binary fission
More informationName Class Date. Term Definition How I m Going to Remember the Meaning
11.4 Meiosis Lesson Objectives Contrast the number of chromosomes in body cells and in gametes. Summarize the events of meiosis. Contrast meiosis and mitosis. Describe how alleles from different genes
More informationGuided Reading Chapter 1: The Science of Heredity
Name Number Date Guided Reading Chapter 1: The Science of Heredity Section 1-1: Mendel s Work 1. Gregor Mendel experimented with hundreds of pea plants to understand the process of _. Match the term with
More informationParents can produce many types of offspring. Families will have resemblances, but no two are exactly alike. Why is that?
Parents can produce many types of offspring Families will have resemblances, but no two are exactly alike. Why is that? Meiosis and Genetic Linkage Objectives Recognize the significance of meiosis to sexual
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Note-taking Workbook Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Section: Reproduction ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Key Idea: An individual formed by asexual reproduction is to its parent. Additional notes about Asexual Reproduction:
More informationChapter 11 Meiosis and Genetics
Chapter 11 Meiosis and Genetics Chapter 11 Meiosis and Genetics Grade:«grade» Subject:Biology Date:«date» 1 What are homologous chromosomes? A two tetrads, both from mom or both from dad B a matching pair
More informationBENCHMARK 1 STUDY GUIDE SPRING 2017
BENCHMARK 1 STUDY GUIDE SPRING 2017 Name: There will be semester one content on this benchmark as well. Study your final exam review guide from last semester. New Semester Material: (Chapter 10 Cell Growth
More informationMGC New Life Christian Academy
A. Meiosis Main Idea: Meiosis produces haploid gametes. Key Concept: Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. Sexual
More informationFamily resemblance can be striking!
Family resemblance can be striking! 1 Chapter 14. Mendel & Genetics 2 Gregor Mendel! Modern genetics began in mid-1800s in an abbey garden, where a monk named Gregor Mendel documented inheritance in peas
More informationGenetics Review Sheet Learning Target 11: Explain where and how an organism inherits its genetic information and this influences their
Genetics Review Sheet Learning Target 11: Explain where and how an organism inherits its genetic information and this influences their characteristics. 1. Define the following terms: Name Block a. Heredity
More informationInteractive Biology Multimedia Courseware Mendel's Principles of Heredity. Copyright 1998 CyberEd Inc.
Interactive Biology Multimedia Courseware Mendel's Principles of Heredity Copyright 1998 CyberEd Inc. Mendel's Principles of Heredity TEACHING OBJECTIVES The following subject areas are illustrated throughout
More informationCHAPTER 3 VOCABULARY (for now)
3.1 Meiosis CHAPTER 3 VOCABULARY (for now) VOCABULARY WORD VOCABULARY WORD diploid number Independent assortment haploid number gametes homologous chromosomes zygote genetic diversity Crossing over Sexual
More information9-1 The Work of Gregor
9-1 The Work of Gregor 11-1 The Work of Gregor Mendel Mendel 1 of 32 11-1 The Work of Gregor Mendel Gregor Mendel s Peas Gregor Mendel s Peas Genetics is the scientific study of heredity. Gregor Mendel
More informationOverview. Overview: Variations on a Theme. Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes. Inheritance of Genes
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview I. Cell Types II. Meiosis I. Meiosis I II. Meiosis II III. Genetic Variation IV. Reproduction Overview: Variations on a Theme Figure 13.1 Living organisms
More informationUnit 7 Genetics. Meiosis
NAME: 1 Unit 7 Genetics 1. Gregor Mendel- was responsible for our 2. What organism did Mendel study? 3. Mendel stated that physical traits were inherited as 4. Today we know that particles are actually
More informationChapter 4 Lesson 1 Heredity Notes
Chapter 4 Lesson 1 Heredity Notes Phases of Meiosis I Prophase I Nuclear membrane breaks apart and chromosomes condense. 3.1 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis Metaphase I Sister chromatids line up along
More informationBiology 211 (1) Exam 4! Chapter 12!
Biology 211 (1) Exam 4 Chapter 12 1. Why does replication occurs in an uncondensed state? 1. 2. A is a single strand of DNA. When DNA is added to associated protein molecules, it is referred to as. 3.
More information11-1 The Work of Gregor Mendel. The Work of Gregor Mendel
11-1 The Work of Gregor Mendel The Work of Gregor Mendel Gregor Mendel s Peas! Gregor Mendel s Peas Genetics is the scientific study of heredity. " Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk. His work was important
More informationLabs 7 and 8: Mitosis, Meiosis, Gametes and Genetics
Biology 107 General Biology Labs 7 and 8: Mitosis, Meiosis, Gametes and Genetics In Biology 107, our discussion of the cell has focused on the structure and function of subcellular organelles. The next
More informationNatural Selection. Population Dynamics. The Origins of Genetic Variation. The Origins of Genetic Variation. Intergenerational Mutation Rate
Natural Selection Population Dynamics Humans, Sickle-cell Disease, and Malaria How does a population of humans become resistant to malaria? Overproduction Environmental pressure/competition Pre-existing
More informationIntroduction to Genetics
Introduction to Genetics We ve all heard of it, but What is genetics? Genetics: the study of gene structure and action and the patterns of inheritance of traits from parent to offspring. Ancient ideas
More informationName: Period: EOC Review Part F Outline
Name: Period: EOC Review Part F Outline Mitosis and Meiosis SC.912.L.16.17 Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences
More informationDivision of sex cells
Division of sex cells MEIOSIS VOCABULARY: Diploid = a cell containing TWO sets of chromosomes. one set inherited from each parent 2n (number of chromosomes) body b d cells (somatic cells) MEIOSIS VOCABULARY:
More informationCell Division: the process of copying and dividing entire cells The cell grows, prepares for division, and then divides to form new daughter cells.
Mitosis & Meiosis SC.912.L.16.17 Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation. 1. Students will describe
More informationMeiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II
Meiosis A process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes to form gametes, or sex cells Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and
More informationDropping Your Genes. A Simulation of Meiosis and Fertilization and An Introduction to Probability
Dropping Your Genes A Simulation of Meiosis and Fertilization and An Introduction to To fully understand Mendelian genetics (and, eventually, population genetics), you need to understand certain aspects
More informationSexual Reproduction and Genetics
Sexual Reproduction and Genetics Mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction This means that it only requires 1 organism (ex. Skin cells dividing) For growth and repair in somatic (body) cells! Results
More information1 Mendel and His Peas
CHAPTER 3 1 Mendel and His Peas SECTION Heredity BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is heredity? How did Gregor Mendel study heredity? National
More informationAlmost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes
Almost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes (2n), when they combine during fertilization, how many chromosomes
More informationMitosis and Genetics Study Guide Answer Key
Mitosis and Genetics Study Guide Answer Key 1. Which of the following is true of Interphase? a. It is part of Meiosis b. It occurs before Meiosis c. The cell does normal cell activities during interphase
More informationT TT Tt. T TT Tt. T = Tall t = Short. Figure 11 1
Chapt 11 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The principles of probability can be used to a. predict the traits of the offspring of genetic
More informationMitosis & Meiosis. PPT Questions. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete copy of the original cell s DNA?
1. From where do new cells arise? Mitosis & Meiosis PPT Questions 2. Why does the body constantly make new cells? 3. Is cell division the same in all cells? Explain. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete
More informationRemind yourself: what happens during mitosis? Write your thoughts on the lines below. What is sexual reproduction?
Meiosis Textbook pages 188 203 Section 6.1 Summary Before You Read Remind yourself: what happens during mitosis? Write your thoughts on the lines below. State the Main Ideas As you read this section, stop
More informationIntroduction to Meiosis Many organisms pass their genes to their offspring through.
MEIOSIS NAME DATE 1 Introduction to Meiosis http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/meiosis/movie-flash.htm Many organisms pass their genes to their offspring through. This begins when two gametes unite
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11. Reproduction Section 1
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11 Reproduction Section 1 Reproduction Key Idea: An individual formed by asexual reproduction is genetically identical to its parent. Asexual Reproduction In asexual
More informationBiology Chapter 10 Test: Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
Class: Date: Biology Chapter 10 Test: Sexual Reproduction and Genetics True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. A gamete has one-half the number of chromosomes of a regular body cell.
More informationMEIOSIS, THE BASIS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
MEIOSIS, THE BASIS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Why do kids look different from the parents? How are they similar to their parents? Why aren t brothers or sisters more alike? Meiosis A process where the number
More informationChapter 11 - Concept Mapping
Chapter 11 - Concept Mapping Using the terms and phrases provided below, complete the concept map showing the process of meiosis. chromatids crossing-over haploid sperm and ovum homologous chromosomes
More informationGenetics_2011.notebook. May 13, Aim: What is heredity? Homework. Rd pp p.270 # 2,3,4. Feb 8 11:46 PM. Mar 25 1:15 PM.
Aim: What is heredity? LE1 3/25/11 Do Now: 1.Make a T Chart comparing and contrasting mitosis & meiosis. 2. Have your lab out to be collected Homework for Tuesday 3/29 Read pp. 267 270 p.270 # 1,3 Vocabulary:
More informationUnit 5: Chapter 11 Test Review
Name: Date: Period: Unit 5: Chapter 11 Test Review 1. Vocabulary you should know. Recommendation (optional): make flashcards, or write the definition down. Make sure you understand the meanings of all
More informationLesson Overview Meiosis
11.4 THINK ABOUT IT As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. They expected genes to be carried on structures inside the cell, but which structures?
More informationCh. 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
Introduction Ch. 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles 2004-05 Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. -Offspring resemble their parents more than they do less closely
More informationThe Work of Gregor Mendel
11-1 The 11-1 Work of Gregor Mendel The Work of Gregor Mendel Who was Gregor Mendel? Define genetics. Define heredity. In Mendel s time there were primarily two hypotheses concerning the mechanism of heredity.
More informationIntroduction to Genetics
Introduction to Genetics We ve all heard of it, but What is genetics? Genetics: the study of gene structure and action and the patterns of inheritance of traits from parent to offspring. Ancient ideas
More informationBiology. Chapter 12. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015
Biology Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr Chapter 12 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction 12.1 Why Sex? In asexual reproduction, a single individual gives rise to offspring that are identical to
More informationbiology Slide 1 of 35 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
biology 1 of 35 Do Now: Turn in mitosis worksheet Write down your homework http://www.richannel.org/collection s/2013/chromosome#/chromosome -2 http://www.richannel.org/collection s/2013/chromosome#/chromosome
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Single parent produces offspring All offspring are genetically identical to one another and to parent Produces identical somatic (body) cells Sexual
More informationLife Cycles, Meiosis and Genetic Variability24/02/2015 2:26 PM
Life Cycles, Meiosis and Genetic Variability iclicker: 1. A chromosome just before mitosis contains two double stranded DNA molecules. 2. This replicated chromosome contains DNA from only one of your parents
More informationMeiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II
Meiosis A process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes to form gametes, or sex cells Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation
Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation Living organisms Are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind Biology, 7 th Edition Neil Campbell
More informationOutline for today s lecture (Ch. 14, Part I)
Outline for today s lecture (Ch. 14, Part I) Ploidy vs. DNA content The basis of heredity ca. 1850s Mendel s Experiments and Theory Law of Segregation Law of Independent Assortment Introduction to Probability
More informationMendel and the Gene Idea. Biology Exploring Life Section Modern Biology Section 9-1
Mendel and the Gene Idea Biology Exploring Life Section 10.0-10.2 Modern Biology Section 9-1 Objectives Summarize the Blending Hypothesis and the problems associated with it. Describe the methods used
More information9-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35
9-4 Meiosis 11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 11-4 Meiosis Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that
More informationLesson 1 Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis
Lesson 1 Name Date Class A. What is sexual reproduction? 1. produces an offspring when genetic materials from two different sex cells combine. a. The female sex cell, a(n), forms in an ovary. b. The male
More information2. What is meiosis? The process of forming gametes (sperm and egg) 4. Where does meiosis take place? Ovaries- eggs and testicles- sperm
Name KEY Period Biology Review Standard 3 Main Idea Explain the significance of meiosis and fertilization in genetic variation. How I can demonstrate what a smart. Person I am 1. What is fertilization?
More informationMeiosis B-4.5. Summarize the characteristics of the phases of meiosis I and meiosis II.
Meiosis B-4.5 Summarize the characteristics of the phases of meiosis I and meiosis II. Key Concepts Daughter cells Diploid Haploid Zygote Gamete Meiosis I vs. Meiosis II What You Already Know This concept
More informationMeiosis -> Inheritance. How do the events of Meiosis predict patterns of heritable variation?
Meiosis -> Inheritance How do the events of Meiosis predict patterns of heritable variation? Mendel s peas 1. Genes determine appearance (phenotype) 2. Genes vary and they are inherited 3. Their behavior
More informationOutline for today s lecture (Ch. 13)
Outline for today s lecture (Ch. 13) Sexual and asexual life cycles Meiosis Origins of Genetic Variation Independent assortment Crossing over ( recombination ) Heredity Transmission of traits between generations
More informationFor a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis. Genetics Terminology: Homologous chromosomes
For a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis Genetics Terminology: Autosomes Somatic cell Gamete Karyotype Homologous chromosomes Meiosis Sex chromosomes Diploid Haploid Zygote Synapsis
More information11-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with
More information