Chapter 11 Meiosis and Genetics

Transcription

1 Chapter 11 Meiosis and Genetics Chapter 11 Meiosis and Genetics Grade:«grade» Subject:Biology Date:«date» 1 What are homologous chromosomes? A two tetrads, both from mom or both from dad B a matching pair of chromosomes, one from mom and one from dad C two identical copies of each chromosome attached by a centromere 2 What are sister chromatids? A a matching pair of chromosomes, one from the father and one from the mother B two genetically different chromosomes C two identical copies of each chromosome attached by a centromere 3 When during meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate? A prophase I B metaphase I C anaphase I D telophase I and cytokinesis 4 When during meiosis do sister chromatids separate? A prophase II B metaphase II C anaphase II D telophase I and cytokinesis 5 Which are more similar, two sister chromatids or two homologous chromosomes? A sister chromatids (before crossing over) B sister chromatids (after crossing over) C homologous chromosomes 1

2 6 Explain the difference between a diploid cell and a haploid cell. A haploid is two of each type of chromosome and diploid is one of each type. B A diploid cell contains two of each type of chromosome and haploid contains one of each type. C Diploid and haploid are the same thing. 7 A haploid gorilla cell contains 24 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would a diploid gorilla cell contain? A 12 B 36 C 48 8 A diploid pea plant cell contains 14 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would a haploid pea plant cell contain? A 7 B 14 C 28 9 Are eggs and sperm haploid or diploid? A haploid B diploid C one is diploid and the other is haploid D neither 10 Are your liver cells haploid or diploid? A haploid B diploid C both haploid and diploid D neither 11 Offspring that result from crosses between true breeding parents with different traits A are true breeding B make up the parental generation C are called hybrids 12 Mendel concluded that traits are A not inherited by offspring B inherited through the passing of factors from parents to offspring C determined by dominant factors only D determined by recessive factors only 2

3 13 When Mendel crossed true breeding tall plants with truebreeding short plants, all the offspring were tall because A the allele for tall plants is recessive B the allele for short plants is dominant C the allele for tall plants is dominant D they were true breeding like their parents 14 The principles of probability can be used to A determine the actual outcomes of genetic crosses B predict the traits of the parents used in genetic crosses C decide which organisms are best to use in genetic crosses D predict the traits of the offspring produced by genetic crosses 15 A Punnett square shows all the following EXCEPT A all possible results of a genetic cross B the genotypes of the offspring C the alleles in the gametes of each parent D the actual results of a genetic cross 16 How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose genotype was RrGg? A 1 B 2 C 4 D none of the above 17 A cross of a red flowered snapdragon with a white flowered snapdragon produces pink flowered offspring. This type of inheritance is known as A incomplete dominance B polygenic inheritance C codominance D multiple alleles 18 A white chicken crossed with a black chicken produces white and black speckled offspring. This type of inheritance is A incomplete dominance B polygenic inheritance C codominance D multiple alleles 19 Human skin colro is an example of what type of inheritance? A incomplete dominance B polygenic inheritance C codominance D multiple alleles 3

4 20 Rabbits have at least 4 different alleles that code for the trait of fur color. This is an example of A incomplete dominance B polygenic inheritance C codominance D multiple alleles 21 If an organism's diploid number is 10, its haploid number is A 10 B 1 C 5 D When does crossing over occur during meiosis? A prophase I B prophase II C anaphase I D anaphase II 23 Chromosomes form tetrads during A prophase of meiosis I B metaphase of meiosis I C prophase of meiosis II D metaphase of meiosis II 24 What 2 ways listed below increase genetic variation in populations? A mitosis B tetrad formation C crossing over D formation of gametes by the laws of segregation and independent assortment E sister chromatids (before crossing over) 25 Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of A two genetically identical diploid cells B four genetically different haploid cells C four genetically identical haploid cells D two genetically different diploid cells 26 A pea plant that has two different alleles for the same trait is said to be A homozygous dominant B homozygous recessive C heterozygous 4

5 27 TT, Tt, and tt are all A genotypes B phenotypes C tetrads 28 How many recessive alleles for a trait must an organism inherit in order to show that trait? A 1 B 2 C 0 29 What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring if both parents are heterozygous for both traits being crossed? A 1:2:2:4:4:2:2:1 B 9:3:3:1 C 1:1:1:1 30 Chemical factors that determine traits are A genes B phenotypes C tetrads D sister chromatids 31 What are different forms of a gene called? A genotypes B alleles C gametes D chromosomes 32 If big eyes (E) is dominant to little eyes (e) and crooked teeth (C) are dominant to straight teeth (c). What is the genotype of a little eyed, straight teeth ed person? A EECC B EEcc C eecc D eecc 33 If big eyes (E) is dominant to little eyes (e) and crooked teeth (C) are dominant to straight teeth (c). What would be the genotype of someone who is heterozygous for both traits? A EECc B EeCc C eecc D EECC 5

6 34 What process has to happen to create the parent gametes on the outside of all Punnett squares? A homologous chromosomes line up B crossing over C mitosis D meiosis 35 The dominant letter, K, and the recessive letter, k, represent A different alleles of the same trait B the same alleles of two different traits C different alleles of two different traits 36 Tasting PTC is a dominant trait in humans and lacking to ability to test PTC is recessive. Could two parents able to taste PTC have children who cannot taste PTC? A Yes, if only one of the parents had a recessive allele B Yes, if both of the parents each had a recessive allele C No, because tasting PTC is a dominant trait and mask the recessive trait 37 What separates during anaphase II? A haploids B diploids C sister chromatids D homologous chromosomes 38 When does interphase happen in respect to meiosis I and meiosis II? A before meiosis I only B before meiosis I and before meiosis II C after meiosis I only D after meiosis II only 39 How many times does meiosis go through PMAT? A 0 B 1 C 2 40 The process of meiosis creates A sperm B eggs C gametes D all of the above 6

7 Chapter 11 Meiosis and Genetics Part 2 Chapter 11 Meiosis and Genetics Part 2 Grade:«grade» Subject:Biology Date:«date» 1 Gregor mendel used pea plants to study A flowering B gamete formation C the inheritance of traits D cross pollination 2 The principle of dominance states A all alleles are dominant B all alleles are recessive C some alleles are dominant and others are recessive D alleles are neither dominant nor recessive 3 Two plants with the genotypes TT and Tt A would have the same phenotype B would have the same genotype C have all dominant alleles D have all recessive alleles 4 Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are staid to be A hybrid B homozygous C heterozygous D dominant 6

8 5 What principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing each other's inheritance? A principle of dominance B principle of independent assortment C principle of segregation D principle of Curtis High School 6 Any Punnett square shows that 2 different genes A assort independently B are linked C have the same alleles D are always homozygous 7 Mendel's principles of genetics apply to A plants only B animals only C pea plants only D all organisms 8 The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the symbol A 2N B N C X D Y 9 Traits that are produced by the interaction of several genes are said to be A polygenic B codominant C multiple alleles D incomplete dominance 10 is the likelihood that a particular event will occur. A Expected outcome B Fate C Probability 11 Meiosis could also be called what? A reduction division B multiplication of genetic material C mitosis 7

9 12 What are tetrads? A pairs of sister chromatids B pairs of homologous chromosomes C pairs of haploid cells D pairs of diploid cells 13 How many sister chromatids are present in a tetrad? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 14 If you flip a coin five times and it comes up heads each time, the probability that it will come up heads the next time is A 0 B 25 C 50 D The last question about flipping a coin demonstrates what law of genetics? A law of segregation B law of independent assortment C law of dominance D law of Mendel 8