About this book. O LEVEL Topical BIOLOGY provides a thorough revision for students taking the GCE O-Level Biology Examination. This book contains:

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1 bout this book LEVEL Topical ILGY provides a thorough revision for students taking the GE -Level iology Examination. This book contains: ast Examination Questions Questions from past examinations provide the best practice. They also provide insight into the type and style of questions often asked in an examination. Latest Examination apers The latest examination papers are included for timed practice, providing students with an idea of what is expected of them in the actual examination. omprehensive nswers (Separate booklet) Thought process This feature provides guidance to each question so as to assist students through their thought processes for effective learning and revision. omprehensive with explanatory notes for aper 1, and comprehensive answers to aper 2 are provided for reference and self-study purposes. The Editorial Team

2 NTENTS THEME I: RINILES F ILGY UNIT 1.1 ell Structure and rganisation... (1.1)1-8 lant and nimal ells Specialised ells, Tissues and rgans UNIT 1.2 Movement of Substances... (1.2)1-7 iffusion smosis ctive Transport UNIT 1.3 iological Molecules I... (1.3)1-6 Water and Living rganisms arbohydrates, Fats and roteins UNIT 1.3 iological Molecules II... (1.3)1-11 Enzymes THEME II: MINTENNE N REGULTIN F LIFE RESSES UNIT 2.1 nimal Nutrition... (2.1)1-11 Human limentary anal hemical igestion bsorption and ssimilation UNIT 2.2 lant Nutrition... (2.2)1-16 Leaf Structure hotosynthesis UNIT 2.3 Transport in Flowering lants... (2.3)1-20 Water and Ion Uptake Transpiration and Translocation UNIT 2.4 Transport in Humans... (2.4)1-20 irculatory System UNIT 2.5 Respiration I... (2.5)1-14 Human Gaseous Exchange UNIT 2.5 Respiration II... (2.5)1-8 erobic Respiration naerobic Respiration UNIT 2.6 Excretion... (2.6)1-13 Structure and Function of Kidneys Kidney ialysis UNIT 2.7 Homeostasis... (2.7)1-13 rinciples of Homeostasis Skin

3 UNIT 2.8 o-ordination and Response I... (2.8)1-7 Receptors Eyes UNIT 2.8 o-ordination and Response II... (2.8)1-5 Nervous System Neurones (Reflex ction) UNIT 2.8 o-ordination and Response III... (2.8)1-5 Effectors Endocrine Glands THEME III: NTINUITY F LIFE UNIT 3.1 Reproduction I... (3.1)1-10 sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction in lants UNIT 3.1 Reproduction II... (3.1)1-8 Sexual Reproduction in Humans Sexually Transmitted iseases UNIT 3.2 ell ivision... (3.2)1-10 Mitosis Meiosis UNIT 3.3 Molecular Genetics... (3.3)1-6 The Structure of N The Role of N in rotein Synthesis Genes Genetic Engineering and Medical iotechnology UNIT 3.4 Inheritance... (3.4)1-15 The assage of Information from arent to ffspring The Nature of Genes and lleles, and their Role in etermining the henotype Monohybrid rosses Variation Natural and rtificial Selection THEME IV: MN N HIS ENVIRNMENT UNIT 4.1 rganisms and their Environment I... (4.1)1-9 Energy Flow Food hains and Webs UNIT 4.2 rganisms and their Environment II... (4.2)1-4 arbon ycle UNIT 4.3 rganisms and their Environment III... (4.3)1-2 Effects of Man on the Ecosystem Environmental iotechnology Level iology Examination YER 2015 apers 1 N 2... (2015)1-39 NSWERS (separate booklet) Units Latest Examination apers

4 THEME I UNIT 1.1 RINILES F ILGY ell Structure and rganisation lant and nimal ells Specialised ells, Tissues and rgans ER 1 Each question below is provided with four answers. Select the correct answer and write,, or in the brackets provided. 1. The table shows some characteristics of four types of cell. Which cell could be a root hair cell? ( Q1) nucleus chloroplast key = present = absent 2. Which line in the table correctly identifies these body components? ( Q1) 1 brain, spinal cord and nerves 2 blood 3 neurone 4 stomach cell tissue organ organ system The diagram shows four types of cell, not drawn to scale. Which cell does not contain cytoplasm? ( Q1) (1.1)1

5 4. The diagram shows an animal cell. What is the functional relationship between the labelled structures? ( Q2) 1 is synthesised by 4. 2 develops into 6. 3 contains products synthesised by 5. 4 controls the contents of The diagrams show two cells as seen using a light microscope. Which label is correct for both cells? ( Q1) cell sap chloroplast cytoplasm membrane (1.1)2

6 6. The diagram shows an animal cell that has some organelles and membrane systems labelled. Their functions are: 1 aerobic respiration 2 formation of polypeptides 3 transport of s 4 synthesis of fats Which row in the table gives the correct match between label and function? ( Q2) W X Y Z The diagram shows part of a xylem vessel. What is the function of the spiral structure X? ( Q1) absorption photosynthesis support transport (1.1)3

7 8. Which features of a red blood cell would make it an efficient transporter of oxygen to all cells of the body? ( Q2) biconcave disc shape to hold extra oxygen molecules lack of nucleus increases the volume available for oxygen carrying molecules low surface area to volume ratio to increase diffusion rate of oxygen Key = correct = incorrect 9. When viewed through an electron microscope, which structure is surrounded by a double membrane? ( Q1) endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion Golgi body ribosome 10. Which row describes the features of a mature human red blood cell? ( Q2) nucleus large surface area of cell membrane rigid shape key = feature present = feature absent 11. The diagram shows the structure of a typical animal cell as seen using an electron microscope. Which cell components are needed to synthesise and build s within the cell? ( Q1) 1 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 2 only 1, 2 and 3 (1.1)4

8 12. Which structures are found in a human sperm cell? ( Q2) diploid nucleus haploid nucleus mitochondria nuclear membrane key = structure present = structure absent 13. The diagram shows a plant cell. Which features are also found in an animal cell? ( Q1) 1 and 3 2 and 3 1 and 4 2 and Which row identifies the functions of the membrane systems and organelles listed? ( Q2) endoplasmic reticulum Golgi body mitochondrion ribosome energy release synthesis transport in cell transport in cell collect and sort molecules transport in cell collect and sort molecules energy release transport in cell collect and sort molecules energy release synthesis synthesis energy release synthesis collect and sort molecules (1.1)5