Introductory Biology I Final Exam. e 1) Not a characteristic of living things: a) reproduction b) evolution c) energy use d) DNA e) intelligence

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1 Introductory Biology I Final Exam Summer, 2016 Name: G-number Instructions: There are 100 questions. Write down the best answer for each one. Please make sure that you fill out your scantron correctly. In case of discrepancy, the answer on the scantron will be considered your answer. When you're finished, please hand in your scantron. You may keep the exam. Good luck! Material covered by exam I: e 1) Not a characteristic of living things: a) reproduction b) evolution c) energy use d) DNA e) intelligence e 2) The taxonomic category (taxon) between Family and species: a) Phylum b) Kingdom c) Domain d) Order e) Genus d 3) The correct scientific name for the polar bear: a) Ursus Maritimus b) Ursus Maritimus c) Ursus maritimus d) Ursus maritimus e) ursus maritimus c 4) A characteristic of sponges (not seen in other groups): a) complete gut b) circulatory system c) choanocytes d) osteocytes e 5) Starfish belong to which phylum? a Porifera b) Cnidaria c) Arthropoda d) Chordata e) Echinoderms a 6) Cnidarians have what kind of symmetry? a) radial b) bilateral c) asymmetry e 7) A human disease caused by a member of the Platyhelminthes: a) Malaria b) Sleeping sickness c) Elephantiasis d) Pin worm e) Shistosomiasis c 8) A member of the segmented worms: a) tape worms b) nematodes c) leeches d) squid e) fish c 9) Mollusks include which of the following? a) spider b) ant c) snail d) starfish e) c & d a 10) Spiders, scorpions and ticks belong to the: a) Chelicerates b) Crustaceans c) Uniramians d) Trilobites b 11) Lampreys belong to which group? a) Echinoderms b) Agnatha c) Chondreichtyes d) Mollusks e 12) Caecilians are: a) reptiles b) mammals c) birds d) segmented worms e) amphibians d 13) A meteor impact is thought to have killed off the: a) reptiles b) mammals c) Echinoderms d) dinosaurs e) Mollusks d 14) Monotremes are mammals that: a) have hair b) have mammary glands c) lay eggs d) all of the above e) a & b only d 15) An example of a marsupial: a) duck billed platypus b) human c) lizard d) opposum

2 c 16) Vascular tissue in plants used to move water mostly upwards: a) tracheids b) vessels c) xylem d) phloem e) veins b 17) The stigma is part of the: a) male reproductive structures b) female reproductive structures b 18) Table salt is composed of chlorine and: a) oxygen b) sodium c) potassium d) boron e) lithium c 19) Which of the following would be basic? a) ph 3 b) ph 7 c) ph 12 b 20) A covalent bond is found in: a) salt b) water c 21) Hydrocarbons have only: a) oxygen and carbon b) hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen c) carbon and hydrogen d) carbon and nitrogen e) nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen c 22) Cellulose is a: a) monosaccharide b) disaccharide c) polysaccharide b 23) Liquid at room temperature: a) saturated fat b) unsaturated fat d 24) Phospholipids a) are hydrophobic b) are hydrophilic c) have hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails d) have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails c 25) Steroids are: a) proteins b) carbohydrate s c) lipids d) nucleic acids e) none of the above Material covered by exam II: d 26) Proteins can be denatured by which of the following? a) high temperatures b) changes in ph c) salt d) all of the above e) none of the above b 27) Uracil is found only in: a) DNA b) RNA c) QNA a 28) Cells are small because they need: a) a larger surface area to volume ratio b) a smaller surface area to volume ratio c) to be able to ventilate carbon d) they just come that way b 29) The nucleolus is used to: a) store chromosomes b) store material for making ribosomes c) store lipids d) ventilate carbon a 30) Important in making lipids: a) smooth ER b) rough ER c) nucleus d) nucleolus d 31) Found in mitochondria, but not in chloroplasts: a) inner membrane b) outer membrane c) thylakoid membrane d) cristae b 32) A charged battery is an example of: a) kinetic energy b) potential energy e 33) Which of the following molecules is an enzyme? a) fructose b) maltose c) sucrose d) glucose e) sucrase

3 a 34) Water will always move from a solution that is: a) hypotonic to one that is hypertonic b) hypertonic to one that is hypotonic c) isotonic to another one that is isotonic b 35) Moving from a low concentration to a high concentration is described by (caution, not the same question as on the previous exam): a) diffusion b) active transport c) reverse percolation c 36) Each molecule of NADH can make about how many molecules of ATP? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 6 e 37) Yeast uses glycolysis to make carbon dioxide and: a) lactic acid b) carbonic acid c) oxygen d) glucose e) alcohol b 38) A dog is a/an: a) autotroph b) heterotroph b 39) Which system actually releases oxygen? a) photosystem I b) photosystem II c) photosystem III a 40) Oxygen is released during the: a) Light reactions b) Calvin cycle c) Krebs cycle d) glycolysis c 41) After duplication, humans have how many chromosomes (careful)? a) 1 b) 2 c) 46 d) 92 e) 186 a 42) Chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell during: a) Anaphase b) Telophase c) Metaphase d) Prophase e) Interphase a 43) A cell that will never divide again is said to be in which phase? a) G 0 b) G 1 c) G 2 d) G 3 e) S a 44) An unfertilized egg is: a) haploid b) diploid c) triploid d) tetraploid a 45) Reproduction in which all genetic information comes from a single parent:: a) asexual b) sexual c) hypersexual d) hyposexual b 46) True or false: crossing over normally happens between non-homologous chromosomes a 47) Individuals with three X chromosomes (XXX) are: a) completely normal b) mentally normal, but have some distinct characteristics c) do not survive into adulthood d) are actually male e 48) By profession, Mendel was a: a) mathematician b) biologist c) teacher d) statistician e) monk e 49) An individual that is heterozygous for flower color would have what genotype? a) PP b) pp c) PPpp d) PPPP e) Pp b 50) True or false: the phenotype of an individual is determined only by the genotype:

4 New material: b 51) Assuming black coat color is dominant to brown. We take a homozygous black dog and a brown dog as parents. The offspring should be: a) all brown b) all black c) all mixed d) 3/4 black, 1/4 brown b 52) Mendel's law of independent assortment is only true if the traits being studied are: a) on the same chromosome b) on different chromosomes c) triploid d) haploid b 53) True or false: a trait that is recessive is always less common: b 54) True or false: Huntington's disease is caused by a recessive allele: b 55) True or false: Sickle cell anemia is caused by a recessive allele (careful, the text is wrong here): a 56) Many genetic diseases are often more common: a) within families b) between different families d 57) The allele for human blood type O is : a) co-dominant b) incompletely dominant c) dominant d) recessive c 58) The universal recipient has blood type: a) A b) B c) AB d) O e) R a 59) When one allele has multiple effects, this is termed: a) pleiotropy b) polytropy c) epistasis d) co-dominance e) corssing over c 60) When one gene controls another (for example, turns on or off another gene), this is an example of: a) pleiotropy b) polytropy c) epistasis d) co-dominance e) corssing over a 61) True or false: many genes of fruit flies have been mapped by studying crossing over: b 62) True or false: in humans the mother determines the sex of the offspring: a 63) True or false: in many reptiles sex is determined by temperature: a 64) Sex linked recessive traits show up more often in: a) men b) women c) neither - both are equally affected c 65) A sex linked recessive disease that is found in many parts of the royal families of Europe: a) red-green color blindness b) Duchenne muscular dystrophy c) hemophilia e 66) In DNA, T always pairs with: a) C b) G c) T d) U e) A e 67) Used to duplicate DNA: a) RNA polymerase b) irna c) mrna d) ribosomes e) DNA polymerase c 68) The structure of DNA was discovered by: a) Linus Pauling b) Charles Darwin c) Francis Crick and James Watson d) Gregor Mendel

5 c 69) Which sugar is used in the structure of RNA? a) glucose b) sucrose c) ribose d) deoxyribose e) fructose a 70) The process of going from RNA to a protein is called: a) translation b) transposition c) transfer d) transcription c 71) Each codon has how many bases? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 5 e) 10 b 72) True or false: each codon codes for several different amino acids: a 73) Which subunit of the ribosome first attaches to mrna? a) small b) large c) medium d) none of the above a 74) True or false: many ribosomes can attach to a strand of mrna at a time: e 75) Viruses contain: a) DNA or RNA b) a protein coat c) a nucleus d) all of the above e) a & b a 76) Smallpox was caused by a virus containing: a) DNA b) RNA c) neither b 77) HIV contains: a) DNA b) RNA c) neither a 78) True or false: HIV can merge with your own DNA a 79) True or false: some viruses can be used to treat bacterial diseases in livestock: c 80) Bacteria can pass genetic information to each other using: a) sexual reproduction b) XY chromosomes c) plasmids d) reverse transcriptase c 81) Evolution is defined as: a) the change in the fossil record b) homologous adaptations c) a change in the genetic makeup of a population over time d) natural selection c 82) Proposed a theory of evolution using acquired characteristics. Also coined the word biology. a) Linnaeus b) Cuvier c) Lamarck d) Hutton e) Darwin b 83) Developed the idea of gradualism, but couldn't write very well: a) Cuvier b) Hutton c) Darwin d) Malthus e) Lyell b 84) The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection was published by: a) Wallace b) Darwin c) Malthus d) Mendel e) Lyell c 85) Insecticide resistance is due to: a) genetically modified bacteria b) spontaneous generation c) evolution d) transmogrification c 86) Dolphins and sharks are both streamlined and have fins. They are not related. This is a result of: a) parallel evolution b) divergent evolution c) convergent evolution b 87) Birds and bats can both fly. Their wings are considered: a) homologous structures b) analogous structures

6 a 88) True or false: two organisms that are more closely related will have DNA that matches more closely: b 89) A dalmatian (a type of dog) is a result of: a) natural selection b) artificial selection c) sexual selection d) convergent evolution a 90) A fox is a result of: a) natural selection b) artificial selection c) sexual selection d) convergent evolution a 91) In England, as a result of air pollution controls (i.e., the air got cleaned up), moths became: a) lighter b) darker b 92) If the frequency of a recessive allele is 4%, what is the frequency of the dominant allele (you do NOT need a calculator to do this (really!))? a) 100% b) 96% c) 16% d) 4% e) 2% e 93) Not a part of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium: a) large population size b) random mating c) no net mutations d) no natural selection e) there are no exceptions on this list c 94) The big heavy colorful tail of a peacock is due to: a) natural selection b) artificial selection c) sexual selection d) convergent evolution b 95) Most speciation is: a) sympatric b) allopatric c) mesopatric d) patric b 96) True or false: humans evolved from apes: d 97) Not a characteristic of primates: a) well developed clavicle b) nails c) excellent vision d) excellent smell e) opposable thumb d 98) The first human ancestor to be found outside of Africa: a) Sahelanthropus tchadensis b) Ardipithecus ramidus c) Homo sapiens d) Homo erectus e) Australopithecus afarensis d 99) The first human for which we have good evidence of the use of fire: a) Sahelanthropus tchadensis b) Ardipithecus ramidus c) Homo sapiens d) Homo erectus e) Australopithecus afarensis a 100) True or false: modern humans share genes with Neanderthals: Reminders: Please put your name and G-number on the scantron before you hand it in. You may keep your exam. Your score on the final should be available on blackboard by tomorrow. Final grades will be available only through the patriotweb system (hopefully by Friday). I hope you didn't find today too horrible. Have a great remaining summer!