Unit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle

Transcription

1 Name Date Class Mrs. Knight Biology EHS Unit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle 1. What are the four main stages of the cell cycle (correct order)? A. G 1, S, G 0, M C. G 2, S, G 1, M B. G 1, S, G 2, M D. M, G 2, S, G 1 2. During what stage of the cell cycle is DNA copied? A. G 1 Phase C. G 2 Phase B. S Phase D. M phase 3. Proper DNA Replication is checked during the A. Cell Growth (G 1 ) Checkpoint B. DNA Synthesis (G 2 ) Checkpoint C. Cytokinesis Checkpoint D. Mitosis Checkpoint 4. Cells that might never divide or rarely divide include which of the following? A. skin cells B. nerve cells C. hair cells 5. Interphase consists of A. G 1, S, G 2 B. G 1, S, G 2, M C. C, M, G 1 D. M, S, C 6. What is the number of chromosomes found in the human body? A. 23 B. 46 C. 48 D The sex of a human offspring is determined by A. the male B. the female C. both the male and female D. neither the male nor the female 8. Bacteria reproduce through an asexual process called A. meiosis B. cytokinesis C. interphase D. binary fission 9. As a cell prepares to divide, a DNA and its associated proteins coil to form a A. chromatid C. chromosome B. gene D. centromere 1

2 10. Sister chromatids are A. dense patches within the nucleus B. bacterial chromosomes C. joined strands of duplicated genetic material D. prokaryotic nuclei 11. Sister chromatids are attached together at the A. cytokinesis B. centromere C. gamete D. centriole 12. Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have A. the same length C. the same appearance B. the same copies of genes 13. The X and Y chromosomes are called the A. sex chromosomes C. extra chromosomes B. autosomes D. phenotypes 14. Female: XX:: A. female: gametes C. male: YY B. female: eggs D. male: XY 15. How many chromosomes are in the body cells if the haploid number is 8? A. 4 C. 12 B. 16 D Diploid: somatic::haploid: A. body cell C. gamete B. chromosome D. zygote 17. If nondisjunction occurs A. there will be too many gametes produced B. no gametes will be produced C. a gamete will receive too many or too few chromosomes D. mitosis cannot take place 18. Trisomy is a mutation that results in cells having an extra A. chromosome B. codon C. nitrogen base D. gene 19. What is mitosis? A. division of the cell B. division of the nucleus C. division of the cytoplasm D. division of the mitochondria 2

3 20. What phase of the cell cycle is the longest (Hint: cells spend the majority of their life in this phase)? A. interphase B. mitosis C. cytokinesis D anaphase 21. What types of cells carry out mitosis? A. plant cells ONLY B. animal cells ONLY C. bacterial cells D. eukaryotic cells 22. What phase of mitosis is represented in the picture? A. prophase B. metaphase C. anaphase D. telophase 23. Daughter cells formed during mitosis have number of chromosomes as each other and as the parent cell from which they were formed. A. half B. double C. the same D. one fourth 24. What structure is responsible for moving the chromosomes during mitosis? A. spindles C. nucleolus B. nuclear membrane D. cytoplasm 25. Examine the picture of the cell. What phase of mitosis is the cell in? A. prophase B. metaphase C. telophase D. anaphase 26. The cell cycle is monitored as each cell passes through A. cellular respiration C. checkpoints B. photosynthesis D. homeostasis 27. Normal cells become cancer cells when A. regulation of the cell growth and division is lost B. cells do not respond normally to the control mechanisms C. cells continue to divide 3

4 Matching: Processes 28. meiosis A. two gametes fuse and produce offspring that are a genetic mixture of both parents 29. asexual B. offspring are produce by a single parent; genetically identical 30. sexual C. produces genetically unique cells with a haploid (n) number of chromosomes Matching: Chromosomes 31. Karyotype A. contains genes that determine the sex of an individual (Humans = #23) 32. Autosomes B. chromosomes not directly involved in determining sex (gender) of an individual (Humans = #1-22) 33. Sex Chromosomes C. picture of chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size 34. Cytokinesis in plant cells involves the formation of A. a cell plate C. centrioles B. spindle fibers D. replicated chromosomes 35. When crossing-over takes place, chromosomes A. mutate in the first division B. produce new genes C. decrease in number D. exchange corresponding segments of DNA 36. When does crossing-over take place during meiosis? A. Prophase I B. Prophase II C. Telophase I D. Telophase II 37. In humans, gametes join during the process called to form a diploid zygote. A. crossing-over B. fertilization C. asexual reproduction D. meiosis 38. What phase of meiosis is represented in the picture? A. metaphase I B. metaphase II C. anaphase II D. telophase I 4

5 39. The cell shown in #38 is A. haploid (n) B. diploid (2n) C. tetrapod (3n) D. octoploid(8n) 40. Dogs have 78 chromosomes in their somatic cells. How many are in their gametes? A. 78 B. 39 C D Homologous pairs of chromosomes move to opposite poles during A. metaphase I B. anaphase I C. anaphase II D. metaphase II 42. The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis is that A. the chromosomes line up at the equator in anaphase I B. centromeres do not exist in anaphase I. C. sister chromatids do not separate in anaphase I D. crossing-over occurs only in anaphase of mitosis 43. During cytokinesis of a female (egg cell), what is divided unequally? A. the cytoplasm B. the sperm cell C. the chromosomes 44. The random distribution of homologous chromosomes during meiosis is called A. budding B. fission C. crossing-over D. independent assortment 45. Spermatogenesis produces A. four haploid cells B. four diploid cells C. four polar bodies D. two haploid cells 5