Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Final Summary

Transcription

1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Final Summary DO NOT MAKE ANY MARKS ON THIS TEST PLACE ALL MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWERS IN SCANTRON WRITTEN ANSWERS TO GO ON LOOSE LEAF Be sure to answer every question. Pick the BEST answer. Good Luck! 1. The of photosynthesis are the of cellular respiration. A. electrons, protons B. reactants, products C. pigments, products D. nucleotides, nitrogen bases E. products, reactants 2. Organisms that manufacture their own food from inorganic substances and energy (photosynthesize and/or chemosythesize) are called... A. protists B. fungi C. tertiary consumers D. autotrophs E. heterotrophs 3. What kinds of organisms perform cellular respiration? A. all organisms B. plants only C. animals only D. animals and bacteria E. animals and crustaceans

2 Use Figure 1 to answer the next 5 questions. Figure 1. An organelle and its surrounding cytoplasm. 4. The process that occurs by which energy is obtained directly from sunlight and stored in organic compounds is called A. transpiration B. respiration C. cellular respiration D. photosynthesis E. accessory pigmentation 5. The initial reactions in photosynthesis are known collectively as, and take place in structure labelled A. the light reactions, C B. the dark reactions, C C. the light reactions, F D. the dark reactions, F E. the Gardiner-Pike freeway, C 6. The chemical labelled is the energy-rich molecule produced by the light-dependent reactions in the process labeled. A. G, F B. D, C C. G, C D. D, F

3 7. The solution surrounding Structure C is called the A. stomata B. cytoplasm C. the visible spectrum D. glucoplasm E. stroma 8. The chemical labeled E is and is converted into the chemical labeled G,, which occurs during the process labeled F,. A. water, oxygen, Calvin Cycle B. water, oxygen, light reactions C. carbon dioxide, glucose, light reactions D. carbon dioxide, glucose, Calvin Cycle 9. During cellular respiration in most organisms, organic compounds are combined with molecular oxygen to produce yielding and. A. water, ATP, NADP B. NAD, phosphate, NADPH C. carbon dioxide, phosphates, glucose D. ATP, carbon dioxide, water 10. An orange carrot A. reflects yellow light B. transmits blue and green light C. reflects all wavelengths except orange D. transmits all wavelengths of light except orange E. absorbs all wavelengths of light except orange

4 Use Figure 2 to answer the next question. Figure 2. The absorption spectrum for a pigment. 11. The pigment in pure solution would appear A. violet or orange, depending on the year because it reflects these colours best. B. green because it does not reflect green light well. C. violet or orange, depending on the year because it absorbs these colours best. D. green because it does not absorb green light well. E. purple because it absorbs both red and blue light. 12. How is the energy released from food molecules stored for later use? A. it is not stored, it is used immediately B. it is used to produce ATP, in the form of glucose C. it is not stored, it is lost as heat D. it is converted to carbon dioxide 13. Which food molecule is used as the primary energy compound for cellular respiration? A. glucose B. triglyceride C. sucrose D. cellulose 14. Which of the following is true of the chemical process of reduction? A. oxygen is often lost. B. electrons are gained. C. hydrogen is often gained. D. electrons are lost.

5 Use Figure 3 to answer the next question. Figure 3. An organelle and its surrounding area. 15. Hydrogen ions are higher in concentration in the location labeled, and active transport moves these ions across the structure labeled. A. C, A B. C, B C. D, A D. D, B 16. Identify the photosynthetic process responsible for the release of oxygen. A. phosphorylation of ADP to ATP B. photolysis of water C. the Calvin cycle D. chemiosmosis 17. In what form does most of the energy used by organisms enter the system? A. chemical energy B. mechanical energy C. geothermal energy D. solar energy 18. How is energy stored by photosynthetic organisms? A. heat energy B. light energy C. kinetic energy D. chemical bond energy

6 19. Which of the equations shows the reaction that releases energy? (P represents phosphate) A. B. C. D. 20. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the release of CO 2 in cellular respiration? A. For each molecule of glucose, four molecules of CO 2 are released during the Kreb s Cycle B. For each molecule of glucose, two molecules of CO 2 are released during the Kreb s Cycle C. For each molecule of glucose, four molecules of CO 2 are released during pyruvate oxidation. D. There are no molecules of CO 2 released during pyruvate oxidation. 21. How do alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation differ? A. Alcoholic fermentation uses ATP and lactic acid fermentation creates ATP. B. Alcoholic fermentation requires water and lactic acid fermentation does not. C. Alcoholic fermentation does not release CO 2 and lactic acid fermentation does release CO 2. D. Alcoholic fermentation releases CO 2 and lactic acid fermentation does not release CO As protons pass through the electrochemical gradient across the thylakoid membrane, they lose energy. This energy is used to A. produce ATP B. produce NADH C. release heat D. trap sunlight 23. In the process of chemiosmosis, what passes through the inner mitochondrial membrane? A. ATP B. electrons C. protons D. NAD The major advantage to humans of aerobic respiration over anaerobic respiration is that we A. cannot obtain more usable energy from food by aerobic respiration B. must always use anaerobic respiration for movement C. obtain more usable energy by aerobic respiration D. must always use aerobic respiration for movement

7 25. If sufficient oxygen is not available for aerobic respiration to occur in a muscle cell, what is produced in the cell's fermentation reaction? A. carbon dioxide B. lactic acid C. alcohol D. all of these can be produced. 26. When glucose undergoes combustion in the presence of air, it releases heat rapidly. In cellular respiration A. all of the energy is converted to ATP B. water prevents uncontrolled combustion C. the reaction take place in a series of small steps D. no heat is released 27. In which of the following forms is energy immediately made available for use by living cells? A. ATP B. glucose C. ADP D. starch For the next set of questions, MATCH the example below (letter) with the BEST corresponding statement (question number). Place all answers on SCANTRON. A. photosystems B. carbon fixation C. Calvin cycle D. absorption spectrum E. photons 28. Cycle occurring in the stroma. 29. Photosynthetic pigments gathering light energy. 30. Incorporating carbon dioxide into carbohydrates. 31. Effectiveness of different wavelengths being absorbed. 32. Small packets of electromagnetic radiation.

8 For the next set of questions, MATCH the example below (letter) with the BEST corresponding statement (question number). Place all answers on SCANTRON. A. releases two molecules of ATP/ glucose and energy is wasted as a gas is released B. releases thirty-six molecules of ATP/glucose C. stores energy D. releases two molecules of ATP/glucose E. releases one ATP worth of energy 33. Photosynthesis 34. Aerobic respiration 35. Alcoholic Fermentation 36. Removal of phosphate from ATP 37. Lactic acid fermentation BONUS 38. Hydrogen sulfide gas, commonly known as sewer gas has a distinctive odour, described as a rotten egg smell. It has the same effect as cyanide on cellular respiration. Hydrogen sulfide A. reacts with oxygen, preventing its use B. blocks glycolysis C. interferes with Krebs Cycle D. stops oxygen use by the electron transport chain 39. As of 2010, how many species of beautiful photosynthesizing plants are there though to be? A. About 300 B. About 3000 C. About 30,000 D. About 300,000 E. About 3,000,000 Numerical Response Please write all answers on LOOSE LEAF PAPER. 1. There are four major stages in Cellular Respiration. Alphabetically, they are: 1-Electron Transport Chain (and Chemiosmosis) 2-Glycolysis 3-Krebs Cycle 4-Pyruvate oxidation Place the numbers of these stages in the order that they occur.

9 Written: Please write answers on LOOSE LEAF paper. 1. Summarize your understanding of the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration by completing a table to compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration. (8) Create a table comparing the following features of aerobic and anaerobic respiration: Molecular oxygen needed Energy efficiency (relative) Where the process takes place Products (other than ATP) 2. The mighty Amazon Rain forest in Brazil is known for having plants that grow incredibly quickly, largely due to precipitation and the high temperatures. By contrast, tundra environments, which are dry and cold, have a very short growing season and few plants grow in this environment. Design an experiment to test one variable that impacts the rate of plant growth. You must include the following components in your design lab: Problem / Question statement (2) Hypothesis (2) Variables identified (Fixed, Manipulated, Responding) (3) Procedure (4) Results Create a table with two sets of data (5) 1) your set of data that supports your hypothesis 2) your friend s set of data that does not support your hypothesis Analysis Create one graph of both sets of data (5)