evsjv `k mikv ii A_ eq ii ev RU: cöwzwµqv I mycvwik

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1 evsjv `k mikv ii A_ eq ii ev RU: cöwzwµqv I mycvwik evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwzi Kvh wbev nk KwgwUi c ÿ W. Aveyj evikvz mfvcwz I W. ZŠwdK Avng` PŠa~ix mvaviy m úv`k evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwz evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwz Av qvwrz mvsevw`k m jb 24 R ô 1421/7 Ryb 2014 evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwz wgjbvqzb, 4/wm B vub Mv W b ivw, XvKv dvb , d v bea.dhaka@gmail.com, Web:

2 cövk&k_b: ev RU ïay ev RUB bq; Dbœqb `k bi cöwzf~ evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwzi c ÿ Gev ii A_ eq ii ev R Ui gg e m ú K Avgv `i gšíe -we køly-mycvwik DÌvc bi Av M iæz c~y wkqz cövk&k_b cö qvrb ev RU Kv bv Abo-w i (static) cöwµqv bq, Zv Pjgvb- MwZkxj (dynamic) GKwU cöwµqv Avi GB Pjgvb-MwZkxj cöwµqvi PwiÎ-ˆewkó mn weewz Z jÿ wu Abyaveb Acwinvh evsjv `k 1971-Gi gyw³hy AwR Z ^vaxb `k, hlv b RbMY Ges GKgvÎ RbMYB mve fšg gyw³ msmöv g AwR Z GB ` ki gvby li Rb Avgiv Kgc ÿ `yõwu welq wbwðz Ki Z P qwqjvg AvR _ K 43 eqi Av M gnvb gyw³hy AwR Z ^vaxb evsjv ` k Avgv `i AvKv ÿv wq jv: cö_gz, ˆelg nxb GK A_ bxwz-mgvr-ivóª MVb; Avi wøzxqz, Amv cö`vwqk (secular) gvbm KvVv gv wewbg vy G `yõ Uvi Kv bvwub AwR Z nqwb; gyw³hy i AvKv ÿv 43 eq ii ev ÍevwqZ nqwb hy weaÿ Í ` k Avgiv H AvKv ÿvi KvRwU wvk-vvkb ïiæ K iwqjvg gyw³hy ciez x wzb-pvi eq i `k gyw³hy i PZbv ev Íevq bi AvKv ÿx wq jv wkš, 1975 mv j RvwZi wczv e½eüz kl gywreyi ingvb K nz v K i Avgv `i gyw³hy i H `yb AvK ÿvi mvbvi evsjv `k MV bi ^cœ KB nz v Kiv nq G f~wgkvuzkz AšÍZt G R b cö qvrb hb BwZnvm mz K_v e j Avi mz wu GiKg h, hw` e½eüz eu P _vk Zb, hw` cö_g câevwl Kx cwikíbv ev ÍevwqZ n Z cvi Zv, hw` 1972-Gi Pvi g~j Í wfwëk msweavb ev Íe iƒc wb Zv, Ges mb mv _ e½eüzi `~i`wk Zvi Ab Zg welq K wlmn wewfbœ ai bi mgevq e e v Pvjy n Zv Zvn j AvR Ki evsjv `k AvR Ki gvj qwkqvi Zzjbvq gvu `kr Drcv`b I gv_vwcqz Drcv` b A bk ewk GwM q h Zv Ges mbmv _ gvby l-gvby l ˆelg I n«vm c Zv D jøl, 1971 mv j Avgv `i Ges gvj qwkqvi gvu `kr Drcv`b cövq mgch v q wq jv) e½eüzi nz vi gva g ïay h Avgv `i mvbvi evsjv Mo Z `qv nqwb Zv-B bq, mb mv _ me ai bi `wk-we `wk lohš n q Q h wkfv e ^vaxb evsjv `k K cðvrgywl K i GKwU AKvh Ki iv óª (failed state) cwiyz Kiv hvq Avi m Kvi YB ciez x Kv ji mbv kvmb, ˆ ^izš, mbv kvm bi gvo K MYZš, gyw³hy we ivax kw³ ZvlY I cvlyñ G m ei

3 d j m ú~y m PZbfv eb ` ki A_ bxwz I ivrbxwz K `ye ËvwqZ Kiv n q Q AvbyôvwbKfv e `k cwipvjbvi `vwq Z h ev hvivb _v Kb bv K bv Pvj Ki Avm b k³fv e e m c o Qb Zviv hviv wb Riv Kv bv m ú` m wó K ib bvñ hviv A b i m ú` niy, `Lj, e`lj, Rei`Lj, AvZ mvrki Yi gva g AbycvwR Z AvqKvix jy Uiv kªwy (hv `i ejv nq Rent Seeker) wn m e mikvi I ivrbxwze e v K Zv `i Aaxb K i d j Qb GUvB 1975 ciez x Avgv `i BwZnv mi g~j K_v G g~j K_v fz j M j BwZnvm wek wz n e Ges gyw³hy i PZbvq mvg b G bv `yiƒn n e gyw³hy i PZbvq D vwmz evsjv ` ki RvZxq ev RU Avm j Kgb niqv DwPZ? wbtm ` n, H ev RU Ggb niqv DwPZ hv gyw³hy i PZbvi D jøwlz `yõwu welq A_ vr ˆelg nxb A_ bxwz MVb I Amv cö`vwqk gvbm KvVv gv wewbg v Yi mnvqk n e Avi m½z cökœ m ev RU wkfv e, Kvb welq K `vk wbk wfwë wn m e a i cöyxz n Z n e? cö_gz, H ev RU n Z n e Avgv `i ^vaxbzvi NvlYvi (Proclamation of Independence) mv _ m ú~y mvhyr c~y wøzxqz, H ev RU n Z n e Avgv `i 1972-Gi g~j msweav bi mv _ cy ivcywi m½wzc~y Avi Gm ei wfwë ZB cöyxz n Z n e Avgv `i `xn gqvw`- cöwÿz cwikíbv (Perspective Plan) hvi wfwë Z cöyxz n Z n e câevwl Kx cwikíbv (Five Year Plan); Avi H câevwl Kx cwikíbv ev Íevq b cöwz eqi cöyxz n Z n e mswkøó A_ eq ii ev RU myzivs, ev RU `wjj Avgv `i gyw³hy i PZbvi Kvw ÿz Dbœq bi Ab Zg cöavb c_wb ` kk `wjj n e GUvB ^vfvwek hv ev ÍevwqZ bv n j kl ch ší gyw³hy i PZbvwUB wejyß n q hv e A_ev ejv P j Zv n e gyw³- ^vaxbzvi PZbvi mv _ m½wznxb G Ae v Avgv `i Kv bv ev R UB Kvg bq Avgv `i msweavb ej Q ÒRbMYB cörvz š i mkj ÿgzvi gvwjkó msweav b gvby l-gvby l ˆel g i wecix Z mgzvwfwëk mgvr MV bi c ÿ ` p Ae vb NvlYv Kiv n q Q mvsweavwbk A½xKv ii wfwë Z A_ bwzk-mvgvwrk Dbœqb I mswkøó bxwz- KŠkj cöyxz bv n j; mb gvzv ek cwikíbv M nxz bv n j Ges ev RU web Í Kiv bv n j mvsweavwbk eva evakzv _ K wepy wz N U evrvie e v wfwëk h A_ bwzk cöwµqv evsjv ` k Pvjy i q Q Zv we` gvb Av_ mvgvwrk ˆelg K cökuzi Ki Q: evo Q abx-`wi `ªi ˆelg, MÖvg-kn ii 2

4 ˆelg, `ye j-me ji ˆelg Ges bvix-cyiæ li ˆelg cvkvcvwk evo Q mycvi abx RbM Yi wbz cö qvrbxq fvm c Y i g~j e w, Kg ms v bi Afve, A_ bwzk I ivr bwzk `ye Ëvqb, `ybx wz, DMÖ mv cö`vwqkzvñ ci úi m úwk Z GmeB e nëi Rb Mvôxi Rxeb K `ywe ln K i Q AvBb k sljv myw Z bq AvBb-wePvi-miKvi-ivRbxwZ ev ÍeZ ÿgzvevb `i c ÿ `ytkvm bi gvîvwzwi³zv mykvmb K Kv R eywj Z iƒcvšíwiz Ki Q msweav b wea Z mk ji Rb mgmy hv Mi mgvr m wói w` K bv wm q Avgiv P jwq D ëv c _ hw`i ev RU e³ Zvi wk ivbvg Òmg w i bzzb Aa v q evsjv `k: Dbœq bi avivevwnkzvqó cökœñ Kvi Dbœq bi? RbM Yi bvõwk rent seeker- `i? Avgv `i msweav b ˆel g i weiæ Ges mgzvwfwëk mgvr MV bi c ÿ my` p Ae vb NvlYv Kiv n q Q GB g~jbxwzi wfwë Z GKwU mgzvwfwëk mgvr cöwzôv Avgv `i mvsweavwbk A½xKvi GB j ÿ bxwz cöyxz bv n j, cwikíbv M nxz bv n j Ges ev RU web Í Kiv bv n j msweavb jw NZ nq ez gv b evsjv ` k evrvie e v wfwëk h A_ bwzk cöwµqv Pvjy i q Q Zv ` k weivrgvb Av_ -mvgvwrk ˆelg K cökuzi Ki Q abx-`wi`ª `i ˆelg, MÖvgkn ii ˆelg, `ye j me ji ˆelg evo Q `ybx wz Ges A_ bwzk I ivr bwzk `ye Ëvq bi `yó P µi `Šiv Z AvR msl vmwiô mvaviy gvby li RbRxeb AwZô AvBb-k sljvi AebwZ Ae vnz msweav b wea Z mk ji Rb mgmy hv Mi mgvr m wói w` K Zv Avgiv hvw QB bv eis PjwQ wvk D ëv w` KÑ msweav bi H eva evakzv K m ú~y D cÿv K i Mvôx-ag, bvix-cyiæl wbwe k l mk jb AvB bi Pv L mgvb - msweavb ej Q wkš, `Lv hvq AvBb Anin ÿgzvevb `i c ÿ weavb w` Q wewfbœ Rwic ej Q wepvi wefv MI e vck `yb xwz weivrgvb ÔmvgvwRK b vqwepvi wbwðz KivÕÑ G g~j bxwzi gva g GK mgzvwfgylx mgvr cöwzôvi A½xKvi evsjv ` ki msweav b GL bv envj i q Q myzivs, mikv ii mkj Kg Kv Ð ˆelg wbimbgylx Kvh µg AMÖvwaKvi c Z n e Ges `vwi`ª m wói mkj DrmgyL eü Ki Z n e wkš, ev R U hvb jlv _vkzk bv K bv rent seeking-d ~Z `ye Ëvqb-`yb xwzi KvVv gv Z RbM Yi Kv Q mikvwi mev cök Z wepv i KZUzKz cšuqvq Zv cökœ mv cÿ Dr KvP e wz i K mikvwi mev gjv fvi mgvr-a_ bxwz DË ivëi AwaK nv i rent seeker-cyó mš vmx I Acivax Drcv` bi KviLvbvq iƒcvšíwiz n Q A_ bxwz I ivrbxwzi 3

5 `ye Ëvqb fqven ch v q DcbxZ n q Q mvaviy RbM Yi Rxeb `ywe ln A_P Avgiv úó RvwbÑ `ybx wz `vwi`ª -ˆelg cybiærcv`b K i Ggwb GKwU mskurbk cöÿvc U AvR Ki GB ev RU-DËi cöm Kbdv iý gyw³hy i PZbvq D vwmz evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwz ` pfv e wek vm K i c bi KvwU gvby li evsjv ` k Ò ` ki gvwu _ K DwÌZ Dbœqb `k bó (home grown development philosophy) A_ vr gvbe Dbœqb `k bb niqv DwPZ A_ bwzk Dbœq bi K `ªxq `k b KviY, Dbœqb n jv ^vaxbzvga ZvKvix GKwU cöwµqv, h cöwµqvq gvby li Rb cvup ai bi ^vaxbzv wbwðz n ZB n e ^vaxbzvi H cuvpwu aib n jv: A_ bwzk my hvm, mvgvwrk myweavw`, ivr bwzk ^vaxbzv, ^ QZvi M vivw U, I myiÿvi wbðqzv gvbe Dbœqb wbwðz Ki Z n j GKw` K Drcv`bkxj wewb qvm e w i gva g e vck Kg ms vb m wó K i A_ bwzk cöe w i MwZ evov Z n e, Avi Ab w` K cöe w i dj e vck Rb Mvôxi g a Qwo q w` Z n e GRb cª qvrb gvbe Dbœqb `k bi cöwz Av v Ges G `k b ev Íevq b ivr bwzk cöwzköæwz h cöwzköæwz ` k gvb n Z n e RvZxq ev R U ` ki A_ bxwz I mgv Ri myôy AMÖMwZi j ÿ UKmB Dbœqb cöwµqv AbymiY evãbxq cöku I µge gvb ˆelg weivrgvb _vk j UKmB Dbœqb m e bq ˆelg wbimb, mk ji Rb b vh fv e mvgwrk myweavw` wbwðzkiy, I myewèz A_ bwzk AMÖMwZ UKmB Dbœqb cöwµqvi gšwjk Dcv`vb mgvr iƒcvší ii mkj cöwµqv ^ Q I RbwfwËK n Z n e Av MB e jwq G ` k Avgiv G ai bi GKwU mvgvwrk weez b KvVv gv ˆZix Ki Z cvwiwb ev R UI ZvB Zvi cªwzdjb N U bv Kv RB UKmB Dbœq bi K_v h Avgiv ewj AvR ch ší Zv K_vi K_vB _ K M Q h Dbœqb cöwµqv ez gv b Pjgvb Zv mgvr wefvrk I Gi d j ` k `xn gqv ` wek sljv I AatcZ bi w` K avwez niqvi mg~n m vebv Ag~jK bq Avgiv g b Kwi evsjv ` k mikvwi ev R U AMÖvwaKvi wbav i Y cök Z wepv i Av Rv Avgv `i msweav bi mv _ mvhyr c~y gvbe Dbœqb K K `ªxq iæz cö`v bi GB `k b cöwzdwjz bq KviY, ev R Ui e q eiv Ïi we køl Y cögvwyz h mvaviy cökvmb, cöwziÿv I Af šíixy wbivcëv Lv Zi gz Abyrcv`bkxj Kvh µ g mikv ii e q AMÖnY hvm fv e ewk cöwziÿv Lv Zi 4

6 Ô` k gvbõ ivr ^ e qi cvkvcvwk h wecyj cwigvy ÔA` k gvbõ Dbœqb e q n q _v K Zv h nzz Avgv `i Rvbvi Dcvq bb ZvB Avgv `i c ÿ cöwziÿv Lv Z gvu mikvwi e q ïay AbygvbB m e Avgiv g b Kwi evsjv ` k cöwziÿv Lv Z mikvwi e qi ùxwz gvbe Dbœqb, `vwi`ª we gvpb I mvgvwrk Kj vy Lv Zi Kvw ÿz AMÖMwZ K cök Z wepv i wewnœz K i mvwe K we epbvq cöwziÿv e qi Bmy wu K Avgiv hfv e `wl ZvÕn jvñ cöwziÿv Lv Z mikvwi e qi mv _ gvbe Dbœqb I ^vaxbzv-ga ZvKvix Dbœqb cöwµqvi m úk wecixzgylx evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwz g b K i e vck gvîvi `vwi`ª -ˆelg -AmgZv, Dbœqb Kg Kv Ð kø_ MwZ Ges mikvwi e q-eiv Ï fvimvg nxbzvi Kvi Y av c av c cöwziÿv e q n«v mi c` ÿc ev Íevq bi cöwµqv wejw ^Z Kivi Kv bv hšw³kzv bb GK_v Avgiv eûeqi a i e j AvmwQ mvaviy cökvmb msµvší mikvwi e qi LvZ jv m ú K I Avgv `i ` p wek vm h, hy Mvc hvmx I Kvh Ki cökvmwbk ms vi K h_vh_ AMÖvwaKvi `qv n j AvaywbK cöhyw³i, we klz: Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³i mnvqzvq G-`y Uv Lv Z mikvwi e q AwZ `ªæZ h _ó gvîvq Kwg q Avbv m e AvgjvZ š i eûgylx Rvj we Ív ii mnrvz cöeyzv evsjv ` k cöej evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwz jvmvzvifv e e j Avm Q h, hîzî AvgjvZ š i ÿgzv we Ív ii cöqvm eü Ki Z n e Zv ïay mikvwi ivr ^ e q n«v mi j ÿ B bq, me MÖvmx `ybx wzi cövwzôvwbkxkiy, `xn m~wîzv, AcÖ qvrbxq c wzmz RwUjZv Ges A_ bxwzi mkj Drcv`bkxj Lv Zi AMÖMwZi c _ evav Acmvi Yi D Ï k I mikvwi ivr ^ e qi eû Y ewk RvZxq Avq I m ú` ez gv b cövwzôvwbk `ybx wzi Kv jv c _ Drcv`bkxj LvZ _ K cvpvi n q hv Q `wkq D ` v³viv wbiærmvwnz n Qb mkj Í ii RbMY `ybx wzi Amnvq wkkv i cwiyz n Qb wkÿvb RvwZi giæ`ð A_P, G ` k wkÿve e vi g~javivmg~n µgvmz AwaKnv i ˆelg, `ybx wz I mš v mi Kv Q wrw gvbe Dbœq bi g~j PvweKvwVi avik wkÿve e v K G nb `y h v Mi AÜKv i wb ÿc K i GKzk kz Ki cöwz hvwmzvc~y we k evsjv ` ki AMÖMwZi ^cœ `Lv bv GK åvší aviyv mv cöwzk evsjv ` ki mikvi jv gy³evrvi A_ bxwzi `k b AbymiY Kivi cöqv m wkÿv K evrv ii c Y cwiyz Kivi ûry M g Z D V Q, Ges wkÿve e vq we` gvb ˆelg K mgvr Rxe b Av iv ` pg~j Kivi AvZœNvZx c _ AMÖm ii wm vší wb q Q ïay ZvB bq, MZ cövq 40 eq i (1975 ciezx 5

7 mg q) Ae v GgbB `uvwo q Q h GLb evsjv ` k cöwz 3 Rb Qv Îi 1 Rb gv`ªvmvmvgxñ GUv iv óªi mvsweavwbk e _ Zvi cöz ÿ dj G nb A eávwbk I ˆelg g~jk wkÿve e v GKw` K hgb `vwi`ª -eâbv-ˆelg cybiærcv`b Ki Q Ab w` K Zv mv cö`vwqkzv K cwicyó Ki Q ^v Lv Z e q eivï K wek ^v ms v hlb Drcv`bkxj wewb qv Mi mv _ Zzjbv Ki Q ZLb G LvZ DË ivëi AwaKnv i evrv ii nv Z mvc` Kivi me bvkv cöeyzv h _ó gvîvq Rvi`vi n q QÑ ivóªxq Av qvr b wksev mnvqzvq mgv Ri weëkvjx Ask Ges ga weëiv mywpwkrmvi Avkvq we ` k QyU Qb wksev e qeûj cövb fu wk wb K Avkªq wb Qb Avi msl vmwiô RbM Yi ^v mev cö`vbkvix mikvwi cöwzôvb jv ^í eivï, `ybx wz, Ae e v, Ae njv, Am`vPviY I RivRxY Zvi cözxk n q Av Q hv evsjv ` ki `wi`ª RbM Yi Rb gviyvnv Zi kvwgj Avgiv GLb wek vq bi AvIZvq mv _ Av Q evrvi A_ bxwz Avi ˆewk K rent seeking e e v ev RU K ej Z n e wek vq bi G hy M Avgiv wkfv e m e v P DcKvi c Z cvwi hv Avgv `i `vwi`ª -ˆelg -eâbv `~imn A_ bwzkmvgvwrk Dbœqb Z ivwš^z Ki e GK_v mz h wek vq bi AvIZvq wek evwyr, ˆewk K m ú `i PjvPj cvi úwik wek -wbf izv K Awbevh K i Zz j Q wkš, wek `vwi`ª - elg n q Q e vck Avi AvšÍR vwzk cwigû j I RvZxq ch v q Av_ -mvgvwrk ˆelg cöku _ K cökuzi n Q GB Ae vq wek kvwší cöwzôv Ges RvZxq ch v q UKmB Av_ -mvgvwrk e e v cöwzôv Am e GK cö Ívebv ïay Zv-B bq, cöpwjz Ab vh GB wek e e vq we k i w` K w` K Rb wb Q Ges e o DV Q cöwzev`x Aven, KÚ ^i, wewfbœ ai bi Av `vjbmn Rw½ ZrciZv be -D`viZvev` hv cöpwjz GB wek e e vi g~j `k b Zv AvR e vckfv e mgv jvwpz Ges cökœwe AvšÍR vwzk cwigð jb gvwk b hy³iv óªi d«vwým dzkzqvgv 1992 mv j wj LwQ jb be -D`viZvev`B wpi vqx ivóªxq e e v e jwq jb Ab Kv bv e e v G K Kv bv w`b wek e e v wn m e nvv Z cvi e bv wzwbi GLb GB e e vi Kov mgv jvpk Avi bv ej werqx A_ bxwzwe` Rv md w MwjR 2013 mv j e jb e m QbÑ wek vqb KvR Ki Q bv; wek vqb m wó Ki Q ˆewk K rent seeking GK Mvôx; wek vqb wek e vwc ˆelg evov Q; wek vq bi AvIZvq gav ^Ë AvBb n jv eyw e wëk RvwjqvwZ BZ vw` 6

8 GB e e vq we k i bz Z I mkj ÿgzv I wek m ú `i wmsnfvm _vk Q DbœZ we k i nv Z Avi RvZxq ch v q GKwU ÿz`ª ÿgzvai (ivr bwzk, A_ bwzk, mvgwik- emvgwik AvgjvZvwš K, I mvgvwrk) kªwyi nv Z _vk Q iv óªi Ges A_ bxwzi me gq KZ Ë evsjv `ki wek vqb i_hvîvi mnhvîx evsjv `k Px bi gz `ªæZ A_ bwzk cöe w AR b Ki Z cv iwb, Z e ` k weivrgvb Av_ -mvgvwrk ˆelg AZ ší DuPzgvÎvq cuš Q M Q Ges `ªæZ evo Q GB c_ UKmB bq weivrgvb ˆelg ea K cöwµqv Pj Z _vk j msnvz evo e eb Kg e bv ZvB Dbœqb `k b ïay e³ Zvq bq Kvh Ki ms vi Riæwi Avi Zvi g~j gš n e weivrgvb I wekvkgvb A- UKmB ev ÍeZvi wecix Z mvgvwrk b vqwepvi wbwðz Kivi j ÿ mikv ii `vq-`vwqz wbav iyc~e K bxwz I Kg m~wp cöyqb Ges Zvi Kvh Ki ev Íevqb G ÿ Î mikv ii mkj Kg Kv Ð ˆelg -wbimbgylx Kvh µg AMÖvwaKvi cövß n Z n e `ybx wz-`ye Ëvq bi Aemvb NwU q mikvwi mev mvaviy gvby li Kv Q h_vh_fv e cšuqv bvi e e v Ki Z n e A_ bwzk, mvgvwrk I ivr bwzk cöwµqvq Z_v mvgvwrk weez bi mkj cöwµqvq Rb- Askx`vwiZ cöwzwôz Kivi MYZvwš K wewae e vi cöez b Ki Z n e A_v r Dbœq bi K `ªwe `y Z gvbyl K emv Z n e hlv b ^ `krvz Avi gvbe DbœqbB n e Dbœq bi K `ªxq welq be D`viZvev `i wbiskyk Abymi Yi Kvi Y ivóªe e vi Abyiƒc RbKj vykvgx n Z mÿg nq bv GUv be D`viev `i AšÍwb wnz ˆewkó mikvwi bxwz I e³ e `vwi`ª wbimb I RbKj vy ^xk Z n ji mikvwi Kg KvÐ g~jz: rent seeking Mvôxi Av `k-wb ` k ÿgzvkvvv gvi ^v_ iÿvq wb qvwrz ` k AvB bi kvm bi Afve ` k gvb GQvov ^ QZv I Revew`wnZviI Afve me Î vbxq mikvie e v Kvh Z AKvh Ki K `ªxf~Z mikvi Pvq bv vbxq mikvi Kvh Ki nvk, kw³kvjx nvk A_P evsjv ` ki msweav bb my úó cöwzköæwz `qv n q Q h, MYZvwš K vbxq mikvib n e Dbœq bi K `ªwe `y ( `Lyb: msweavb, Aby Q` 11,59,60) GmeB wkš msnvzgq cwiw wz m wói cövk-jÿy mvgwmök cwi ek hv D jølwe køly Kiv n jv m Ae vq cök Z gvbe DbœqbKvgx, ˆelg n«vmkvix RbKj vygylx ev RU cöyqb `yiƒn KvR wkqy wkqy eivï wcwq qcov wewfbœ 7

9 Mvôxi D Ï k wbav iy Kiv n ji Zvi wmsnfvm ga ^Ë fvmxiv nvwz q bq DwÏó gvby li Kv Q cuš Q mvgvb B AwaKvsk mg q Zviv Rv bbb bv Zv `i Rb ev R U wk eivï Av Q, Kvb Lv Z Ges K bv RbKj vyag x RbAskx`vwiZ wfwëk ev RU cöyqb Z_v gvbe Dbœqb cöwµqv cöez b Ges ivóªe e v cöwzôvi j ÿ ZvB Dchy ³ Av jvpbvi Av jv K Dbœqb`k b I ivóªe e v X j mvrv bv cö qvrb welqwu f e `Lv Riæwi hzw`b bv Zv N U ZZw`b MZvbyMwZK ev RU ˆZix n Z _vk e Ges MZvbyMwZKfv e Zv LwÛZ AvKv i Ges g~jz wkqy ÿgzvai gvby li ^v _ ev ÍevwqZ n e Avi wekvj wcwq qcov Rb Mvôx D cwÿz _ K hv e A_ eq ii ev RU wb q Av iv wkqz K_v: åvwší; ab ev`; ev RU wb q gvbyl wk fve Q gvbbxq A_ gš x KZ K ckk Z A_ eq ii ev RU e³ Zvi wk ivbvg Òmg w i bzzb Aa v q evsjv `k: Dbœq bi avivewnkzvó gvbbxq A_ gš x h ev RU DÌvcb Ki jb Zv Z cö Q` c ôvq ZvwiL D jøl Kiv n q Q 21 ˆR ô 1421/5 Ryb 2014 Avm j h Kvi YB nvk ev RU e³ Zvq cö Q ` D jøwlz evsjv ZvwiLwU mwvk bq, Zv n e 22 ˆR ô (21 ˆR ô bq) Avgiv g b Kwi G Kv bv mvaviy åvwší bq G åvwší AgvR bxq! gvbbxq A_ gš x g nv`q g~j ev RU ck Kivi cvkvcvwk RvZxq msm` m`m `i Uwe j ek wkqz iæz c~y `wjj cö`vb K i Qb hvi g a ek K qkwu Av M KLbI `qv nqwb g~j ev RU e³ Zvi cvkvcvwk RvZxq msm` m`m `i mvg b ev RU I Dbœqb mswkøó Gme iæz c~y cökvkbv cö`v bi Rb A_ gš x g nv`q K ab ev` G me `wjj-` Ív e Ri g a cöpwjz avivi cvkvcvwk ev RU I Dbœqb mswkøó hme cökvkbv Dc vwcz n q Q m jv n jv: (1) m ú~ik Avw_ K wee wz ; (2) evrmwik ev RU ; (3) evwl K Avw_ K wee wz; (4) evrmwik ev RU : ev R Ui mswÿßmvi; (5) evrmwik ev RU : gäyix I eiv Ïi `vwemg~n (Dbœqb); (6) evrmwik ev RU : mshy³ ZnwejÑ cövwß; (7) evrmwik ev RU : gäyix I eiv Ïi `vwemg~n (Abybœqb I Dbœqb); (8) RÛvi cöwz e`b 8

10 (40wU gš Yvjq/wefvM); (9) we`y r I R vjvbxlvz Dbœqb: mvd j i AMÖhvÎv (Ryb 2014); (10) wwwruvj evsjv ` ki c _ AMÖhvÎv: nvjwpî 2014 (Ryb 2014); (11) ij hvmv hvm e e v Dbœq bi c _ AwfhvÎv (Ryb 2014); (12) RjvwfwËK ev RU eivï (Lyjbv, PÆMÖvg, Uv½vBj, ewikvj, ivrkvnx, iscyi, wm ju); (13) ga gqvw` ev RU KvVv gv: n Z ; (14) evsjv ` ki A_ bwzk mgxÿv 2014; (15) e vsk, exgv I Avw_ K cöwzôvbmg~ ni Kvh µg ; (16) ms kvwaz evwl K Dbœqb Dbœqb Kg m~wp (cwikíbv Kwgkb); (17) evwl K Dbœqb Kg m~wp (cwikíbv Kwgkb) GmKj gvu 17wU cökvkbvi g a 14wU A_ wefvm (A_ gš Yvjq), 1wU e vsk I Avw_ K cöwzôvb wefvm (A_ gš Yvjq), Ges 2wU cwikíbv Kwgkb cöyxz iæz c~y Gme `wjj cöyq bi Rb Avev iv ab ev` Avgiv PvB Gme cökvwkz `wj ji Z_ vw` e nëi RbMY K AewnZ Kiv nvk Ges RbM Yi gzvgz bevi my hvm m wó Kiv nvk G eq ii ev RU cöyq bi Av M cövk-ev RU Av jvpbvq 27 gvp 2014/13 ˆPÎ 1420 Zvwi L gvbbxq A_ gš xi Avgš Y Avgiv evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwzi c ÿ Zvi mv _ Av jvpbv Kwi Ges mywbw` ó wkqz mycvwik `B (hv c ii Aby Q ` Av Q) G QvovI Rb ^v i Rb ÿwzki ÒZvgv Ki A_ bxwz I ZvgvK KiÓ mswkøó welqvw` Gev ii ev R U AšÍf zw³i Rb Avgiv RvZxq msm ` gvbbxq WcywU w úkv ii mfvcwz Z RvZxq msm` m`m `i Dcw wz Z evsjv `k RvZxq msm ` Ges mb mv _ GKB wel q RvZxq ivr ^ ev W Avgv `i M ewlz e³e mywbw` ó mycvwikmn Dc vcb Kwi Rb ^v i Ab Zg welq gvz ^v wel qi ev RU eivï e w i j ÿ Avgiv gvbbxq w úkv ii mfvcwz Z RvZxq msm` m`m `i Dcw wz Z RvZxq msm ` Avgv `i M elyv djvdjmn mywbw` ó mycvwikmg~n Dc vcb Kwi Rb ^v i Av iv GKwU iæz c~y welqñ my cq Lvevi cvwb, ^v m Z m vwb Ukb I ^v cwiph v (safe/clean/potable drinking water, hygienic sanitation, personal hygiene) wel q Avgiv GLv Z ev RU eivï e w I eiv Ïi Kvh Ki ev Íevq bi j ÿ ev RUc~e M elyvwfwëk cöm Kbdv iý Av qvrb 9

11 Kwi Ges mswkøó mycvwikmg~n A_ gš Yvjq eivei cöiy Kwi cvkvcvwk f~wg ms vi wel qi Avgiv Avgv `i M ewlz mycwikmg~n A_ gš Yvjq eivei cöiy Kwi wkqzuv Avkvi K_v n jv Gme D P ch v qi Avjvc-Av jvpbv-mywbw` ó mycvwikmg~n G eq ii ev R U wkqzuv n ji iæz c q Q Z e ewki fvm ÿ Î ev R U AšÍf zw³i gvîv Kv bv Kv bv ÿ Î Kg, Kv bv Kv bv ÿ Î Abycw Z Avgv `i cö ÍvweZ PviwU mywbw` ó welq ev R U ZzjbvgyjK ewk iæz c q Q welq PviwU n jv: 1. MZ ev R U gvbbxq A_ gš x g nv`q KZ K Dc vwcz wewfbœ iæz c~y wel qi ev Íevqb Ae v G eq ii ev R U Dc vc bi cö qvrbxqzv, 2. MZ eqi ev R U wqj bv A_P ÔiƒcKí 2021Õ ev Íevq b Riæwi Ggb wkqz wel q mywbw` ó wkqz mycvwikmn c_wb ` k `qv, 3. RjvwfwËK ev RU mkj Rjvi Rb cöyqb Kiv; Ges 4. RÛviwfwËK ev RU cöwz e`bmn bvixi Rb mywbw` ó ev RU cöyqb Kiv Gm ei A_ n jv ev R U ^ QZv I Revew`wnZvi bzzb iƒc ` k gvbñ hvi cö qvrbxqzv Avgiv MZ K qk eqi a i jvmvzvi mycvwik K i AvmwQ D jøl, Avgv `i DwjøwLZ cö Ívebv-mycvwikmg~ ni g a h welqwu Av `Š Kv bv iæz cvqwb Zv n jv f~wg ms viñ f~wgnxb-cövwšík K lk `i `vwi`ª wbim b Lvm Rwgi eèb Ges f~wg ms vi Kwgkb MVb Avi h welqwu ^í iæz c q Q Zvi g a Av Q gvz ^v i AcÖZzj eivï Ges my cq Lvevi cvwb, ^v m Z m vwb Ukb BZ vw` (Gme ciez x mswkøó Aby Q ` ejv n q Q) Gev ii ev RU m ú K ` ki gvbyl wk fve Qb Zv ejv `y i Z e ˆ`wbK RvZxq ˆ`wbK cî-cwîkvi wk ivbvgmg~n K hw` ev RU wb q gvbyy li fvebvi gvckvwv wn m e we epbv Kiv nq (hw`i cî-cwîkvi wbr ^ ivr bwzk m úv`kxq cwjwm Av Q) m ÿ Î ev RU wb q gvby li wpšív-fvebvi iƒc-ˆewkó eys Z ev RU ciez x w` bi cwîkvi wk ivbvgmg~n iæz c~y G Kvi YB ev RU 10

12 ciez x w` bi ˆ`wbK cwîkvmg~n ev RU wb q wk wk ivbvg K i QÑ Zv wb gœ D jøl Kiv n jv: AvZ Zzwói KŠkjx ev RU (Avgv `i A_ bxwz), e Kqv cöwzköæwz c~i Yi ev RU (Avgv `i mgq), cöwzköæwzi dzjszwi (Av jvwkz evsjv `k), wecyj NvUwZ eo Avkvev` (Kv ji KÉ), G hb wbe vpbx ev RU (bqv w`mší), wekvj ev RU, eo P v jä ( fv ii KvMR), wekvj NvUwZi mva nxb mv ai ev RU ( fv ii WvK), cöz vkv I cövwß Z wekvj e eavb: D cwÿz 30 jvl wewb qvmkvixi cyuwrevrvi ( kqvi wer), `vwi`ª we jv ci ev RU ( `wbk RbKÉ), mvnmx jÿ, boe o wfz (cö_g Av jv), ivrbxwz mvgjv bvi ev RU (evsjv `k cöwzw`b), cöz vkvi eo ev RU (evsjv `k mgq), mg w i evzvei Y A_ bwzk Pvc (ewyk evz v), Avkvev `i wekvj ev RU (gvbe KÉ), gmv ev RU: wekvj NvUwZ, F Yi evsv AviI evo e (gvberwgb), PgKnxb MZvbyMwZK ev RU (hvqhvqw`b), ev R U Ki f v Ui Rvj (hymvšíi), wfwë `ye j AvKv ÿv cöej (mgkvj), eo Avkvi wekvj ev RU (mkv ji Lei), mv o 67 nvrvi KvwU UvKvi NvUwZ ev RU (msev`), P v jwäs Uv M U: 2 jvl 50 nvrvi 506 KvwU UvKvi ev RU: wewb qvm e w i cöz vkv (ˆ`wbK B ËdvK), iƒck íi ev RU (ˆ`wbK BbwKjve), wekvj ev R U evo e K ii evsv ( `wbk RbZv), jÿ ^cœ c~iy (ˆ`wbK AvRKv ji Lei), AvovB jvl KvwU UvKvi ev RU NvlYv: NvUwZ 67 nvrvi KvwU (ˆ`wbK w`bkvj), cö ÍvweZ ev RU 2 jvl 50 nvrvi 506 KvwU UvKv (ˆ`wbK beivr), m vebvgq AvMvgxi c_wb ` k (ˆ`wbK ez gvb), FYwbf i 67 nvrvi 552 KvwU UvKvi NvUwZ ev RU(ˆ`wbK msmövg), Tk 2,50,506cr ambitious budget Daily Sun), Plans massive, paths obscured (Dhaka Tribune), Muhith banks on hope (Independent), Tk 2,50,506cr budget proposed (New Nation), Muhith widens taxes in high-deficit budget (NEWAGE), Muhith 11

13 unveils Tk 2,50,506 crore budget (The Bangladesh Today), Goal higher, route unclear (The Daily Star), Muhith unveils mega budget for fiscal 2015: Ambiguity, populism mark a pro-growth approach (The Financial Express), Tk 2,50,506cr investmentfriendly budget (The News Today), Hefty budget targets high growth (Observer). G ZvwjKv Avm j iæz nxb Kv bv ZvwjKv g b Ki j fzj Kiv n e mvaviy gvbyl Zv `i cwiev ii ev RU wvkb ev Sb wkš ` ki ev RU ev Sb bv mvaviy gvby li Kv Q ev RU gv bb bzzb GK fxwzi c~e vfvm Avi fxwzuv `ªe g~j e w i fxwz, Rxeb avi Yi DcKi Yi g~j e w i fxwz, Kg ms vb K g hvevi fxwz, cök Z Avq K g hvevi fxwz cwievi cwipvj b wngwmg LvIqvi fxwz Avi Zvi mv _ hw` Rxe bi wbivcëvnxbzv ev o Zv n j Zv K_vB bbñ fxwz wyzk nv i ev o gvbyl g b g b Pvq ev R Ui Kvi Y h bv Zv `i Gme fxwz bv ev o AvgivI muvb cöz vkv Kwi Avm j MZ K qk eqi a ib Avcbv `i Dcw wz Z Avgv `i mwgwzi cövkev RU cöm-kbdv i Ý Avgiv e j AvmwQ Òw`b e` ji mb` ev Íevq b cö qvrb w`b e` ji ms wzó Avgiv e jwq G iƒcvšíi GK ev R Ui welq bqñ wkš ev RU wbtm ` n Òe` ji wb `k KvixÓ `wjj G K_v we epbvq i LB Avgiv e jwq ev RU n Z n e Ò ` ki gvwu _ K DwÌZ Dbœqb `k b D ~Z `wjjó Avgiv ` pwp Ë e jwq iƒckí 2021 mn ` ki `xn gqv`x Kj vy-ae v hviv ev Íevqb Ki eb Zv `i g bi Mfx i wek vm _vk Z n e h ivr ^, Ki, mikvwi e q, Avw_ K bxwzgvjv, hv-b ejv nvk bv Kb Zv ` ki e nëi `wi`ª-ewâz Rb Mvôxi ^v_ vbyk~ j n ZB n e Avgiv AZ ší Rvi w` qb e jwq ` ki Dbœqb cöwµqvwu n Z n e cöe w i mv _ mv _ eèb b vh Zv wbwðzki Yi ev RU m ú K Avgiv G K_vI evi evi e jwq h Òfv jv A_ bwzk bxwz n jv Zv hvi mvgvwrk AwfNvZ abvz KÓ Avi G eqi Avgiv Avgv `i cövk-ev RU Av jvpbvq e jwqjvg ÒmiKv ii NvwlZ jÿ Ñ ` k GKwU A_ bwzkfv e mpj, kvlygy³, ˆelg nxb, Amv cö`vwqk, MYZvwš K 12

14 Kj vy ivóª, MYZvwš K vbxq mikvi e e vmn wwwruvj evsjv `k ivóª cöwzôv GB j ÿ c` ÿc jvi g a ev RU GKwU mgvr weez bi GB cöwµqvq H jÿ K mvg b i L mgwš^z Kvh µg MÖnY evãyxqó RvZxq Dbœqb I ev RU we epbvq i LB GLb _ K `yb eqi Av M (19 RyjvB 2012) evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwzi RvZxq mwgbv i h _ó wn me-cëimn hyw³ Dc vcb K i ÒwbR ^ A_ vq b cùv mzy: RvZxq HK m wói kªô my hvmó Gi K_v AvgivB cö_g e jwqjvg Avgiv evi evi GK_vI e jwq h, evsjv ` ki AvR Ki A_ bxwz h _ó k³; Zv µgvmz Av iv kw³kvjx n Q; Ges G wfwë cömvi Yi gva g Avgiv eû`~i G Z mÿg A_ eq ii RvZxq ev R U AšÍf yw³i Rb Avgiv wk mycvwik K iwqjvg MZ 13 ˆPÎ 1420/27 gvp, 2014 Zvwi L evsjv `k mwpevjq-gi A_ wefv Mi mfvk ÿ gvbbxq A_ gš x Rbve Aveyj gvj Ave`yj gywnz-gi mv _ ev RU cöyq bi bxwzmz welqmg~ ni Dci gzwewbgqkv j evsjv `k A_ bxwz mwgwzi cöwzwbwa `j A_ eq ii RvZxq ev R U AšÍf yw³i Rb wbgœwjwlz mycvwikmg~n ck K ib: A_ eq ii ev RU ckkv j ez gvb mikv ii MZ gqv `i ( ) ev RU AwfÁZv Z_v A_ bxwzi mvdj -e _ Zvi GKwU c~y v½ weeiy cökvk ^ QZvi wbwðzki Y _vkv DwPZ 2. MZ `yõwu A_ eqi ( Ges ) we ivax `jmg~ ni nizvj- Ae iva- bivr m wókvix Kg m~wpi Kvi Y ^vfvwekfv e RvZxq cöe w ÿwzmö Í n q Q Zv cywl q bqvi Rb AvMvgx A_ eq ii ev RU n Z n e D P cöe w gylx I hšw³k 3. ez gvb mikv ii MZ gqv ` A_ bwzk I mvgvwrk Lv Zi AR b Kg bqñgme AR b mvg bi ev R U a i ivl Z n e Ges m ve mkj LvZ- ÿ Î AwaKZi AR b m Pó n Z n e Gme AR bi g a Av Q: A cÿvk Z `xn mgq 6 kzvsk cöe w a i ivlv; g~j ùxwzi Pvc n«vm; ewn: m± ii Pvc n«vm; cöevwm `i cöwiz A _ i cöevn; ivr ^ Avq e w ; evwl K Dbœqb Kg m~wpi ev Íevqb AMÖMwZ; mikvwi wewb qvm; gy`ªvlv Zi 13

15 AR b Ges UvKvi Zzjbvg~jK kw³kvjx Ae vb; wkÿv we klz: bvix wkÿvi cömvi; wkï-gvz g Zz i nvi n«vm; bvixi ÿgzvqb mswkøó w`kmg~n; AwbðqZvi g a wu K _vkvi mÿgzv BZ vw` Avmbœ ev R U G me mÿgzv DË ivëi e w i w` K bri w` Z n e 4. D P cöe w i mv _ msmwz i L RvZxq wewb qvm nvi evov Z n e ivr bwzk biv R i Kvi Y MZ `yb A_ eq i emikvwi wewb qv Mi kø_mwz emevb Kivi mÿ vz K e e v bqv DwPr 5. emikvwi wewb qvm DrmvwnZ Kivi cvkvcvwk we `wk wewb qvm I wcwcwc wewb qvm evov bvi Kvh Ki e e v wb Z n e 6. MZ gqv ` ez gvb mikv ii AsMxKviK Z A_P MZ gqv ` Aev ÍevwqZ mkj e nr cök íi KvR hz `ªæZ m e ïiæ I mgvß Kiv DwPr 7. cöe w i cöwzd j eèb-b vh Zv wbwðz Kiv `vwi`ª iv ai Ab Zg nvwzqvi b vh Zv wbwðz Kiv Ges elg n«v mi j ÿ G w` K we kl bri `qv Riæwi cöe w i Drm kw³kvjx Ki ZI G w` K ` wó w` Z n e 8. Lv` g~j ùxwzmn Lv` -ewn f~z g~j ùxwzi iwk U b ai Z cvi j mvwe K g~j ùxwz 7%-Gi bx P bvwg q Avbv m e 9. MZ 2/3 eqi `ªe g~j wbqš Y evsjv `k e vsk g~jz ms KvPbg~jK e e v MÖnY K i Q ms KvPbg~jK e e v A_ bxwzi MwZ n«vm Ki Z cv i mikvi K Ggb c` ÿc wb Z n e, hv Z cöe w n«vm bv cvq, eiâ e w cvq; Avevi g~j ùxwz n«vm Kiv hvq G ÿ Î Kvh Ki gy`ªv bxwzi cvkvcvwk h _vchy³ fvimvg c~y ivr ^ bxwz I evrvi n Í ÿc Kvg mbmv _ jÿ AR b mikv ii wbqš Yg~jK Kg KvÐ X j mvrv bv cö qvrb Avgiv me mgq e jwq, Ògy³ evrvi A_ bxwz `wi`ª evüe bqó 10. g~j ùxwz wbqš Y mikv ii nv Z GKwU nvwzqvi n jv wuwmwei gva g wbz cö qvrbxq fvmcy Avg`vwb K i Zv b vh g~ j weziy Kiv `ªæZ e e v MÖn Y mÿg n e Ggbfv e cyb web vm K i wuwmwe K DË ivëi Kvh Ki Kiv DwPZ Av ikwu c` ÿc n Q evrvi Z`viwK Ges mb Avw½ K h_vh_ e e v MÖnY cö_g gqv ` mikv ii wbe vpbx AsMxKvi: g~j wbqš YKvix cöwzôvb I fv³v ^v_ iÿvkvix c` ÿc m ú K ev R U mywbw` ó c` ÿc _vk Z n e 14

16 11. ez gvb mikv ii MZ gqv ` K wl Drcv`b fv jv n q Q Ges cvkvcvwk mikv ii IGgGm Kvh µgi Rvi`vi Kiv n qwqj IGgGmmn Ab vb e e v Pvjy ivl Z n e, hv Z Pv ji g~j mvaviy gvby li Kv Q mnbxq chv q _v K 12. av bi evrvig~j n«vm c j K lk ÿwzmö Í nq K lk hv Z b vh g~j cvq, Drcv`b LiP cywl q wb Z cv i, mw` KI mikvi K jÿ ivl Z n e K lk `i K wl c Y i b vh g~j cövwß wbwðz Kivi Rb mikvi hšw³kg~ j km msmön QvovI K lk K ve MVb, MÖvqvm gv K U, cvbkvix evrvi vcb, Lv` `v gi aviy ÿgzv e w BZ vw` Kg m~wp nv Z wb qwqj Gmg Í Kvh µg MZ gqv ` KZUzKy Kvh Ki I mdj n q Q, Zv Avmbœ ev RU NvlYvq AšÍ fy³ niqv DwPZ 13. `vwi`ª Ñevsjv ` ki Ab Zg Awfkvc `vwi`ª nv ii wbgœgylx cöebzv wb q AvZ Zzwói AeKvk bb, KviY `vwi`ª eûgylx eûgylx `vwi`ª `~ixki Y wewfbœ ai Yi `wi`ª gvbyl wb q RvZxq Z_ fvûvi (WvUv ebm) M o Zvjv Riæwi `vwi `ª i wewfbœ aib wfwëk `wi`ª gvby li bvg wvkvbvi mv _ hlv b AšÍ fz³ n e ÿzavi `vwi`ª, Av qi `vwi`ª, Avevm bi `vwi`ª, ekviz D ~Z `vwi`ª, Amy Zv-D yz `vwi`ª, wkÿvi Afve-D yz `vwi`ª, fšmwjk Ae vb RwbZ `vwi`ª `vwi `ª i G ai bi Z_ fvûvi M o Zvjvi j ÿ mywbw` ó ev RU eivï w` Z n e Ges Zv Kvh Kix Kivi ev Íevqb c` ÿcmg~n mywbwðz Ki Z n e 14. NvUwZ A_ vqb ÑGKwU we kl D Ø Mi welq mikvi A½xKvi K iwqj, GUv hb wrwwwc-i 5 kzvs ki ewk bv nq evwl K Dbœqb Kg m~wp Kwg q bq, eis mikv ii Avq evwo q I Abybœqbg~jK e q Kwg q ev RU NvUwZ Kgv bv DwPZ 15. NvUwZ ev RU A_v q b ˆe `wkk wbf ikxjzv hgb Kgv Z n e, Zgwb Kgv Z n e `wkq e vsk e e vi Dci wbf ikxjzv NvUwZ A_ vq b `wkq e vsk-ewnf ~Z Drmmg~ ni Kvh Kix m ú ³Zv wb q ev R U c` ÿc wb Z n e 16. B`vbxsKv j e vsk ewnf~ Z Drm _ K FY cövwß wkqzuv e w c ji A_ Qvomn Ab vb e q guv Z mikvi K e vsk Drm _ K cövqb cöpzi FY 15

17 MÖnY Ki Z n q Q Gi d j `yb ai Yi mgm v ˆZix nqñ GKw` K g~j ùxwzi Dci cöfve c o, Ab w` K emikvwi Lv Zi wewb qv Mi A_ cövwßi my hvm K g hvq mikvi hv Z cwiwgz cwigv Y e vswks LvZ _ K FY bq, mw` K bri `qv `ikvi 17. e vsk ewnf~ Z LvZ _ K NvUwZ A_ vqbña_ bxwzi mvwe K Kj v Y Ae`vb iv L G j ÿ GKwU Kvh Ki eû gv K U ( m KÛvix gv K U myweavmn) cöwzôv Riæwi Gi d j mikvix eû Kbv- epvq RwoZ cövbgvix wwjvi(e vsk)õiv hgb GKw` K Zvij mgm v _ K DËi Yi Dcvq Luy R cv e Avi Ab w` K Avw_ K evrv i price discovery (my `i nvi wba viy) I m e n e 18. cöe w i jÿ gvîv AR b emikvwi wewb qvm Gi iæz mikvwi wewb qv Mi P q ekx Ab w` K evsjv ` k emikvwi wewb qvm A bkvs k e vsk wbf i mrb e vswks Z_v Avw_ K Lv Zi w wzkxjzv ervq ivlv AZ ší Riæwi B`vbxsKv j msnwuz e vswks RvwjqvwZmg~n mwµq we epbvq wb q mikv ii DwPr GKw` K ivóªvqë e vsk jvi Af šíixy wbqš Y Rvi`vi Kiv Avi Ab w` K evsjv `k e vs Ki Z`viwK mymsnz Kiv emikvwi wewb qvm wbgœgylx niqvi wcq b e vswks Lv Zi Aw izvi GKwU Ab Zg KviY welqwu ev R U iæz mn we epbv Ki Z n e 19. vbxq wej µq (AvBwewc) wb q h e vswks RvwjqvwZ n q Q, Zv weivu AvKv ii Gi mgvavb ev myivnv Avï cö qvrb G welqwumn ivóªvqvë e vskmg~ ni emikvwilv Z FY cö`vb mÿgzv evov bvi Rb ev R U cª qvrbxq eivï ivlv cö qvrb 20. A_ bwzk Dbœq b ^wb qvwrz Kg KvÐ A_ vq bi cvkvcvwk D ` v³v Dbœqb A_ vq bi e vsk jv K GwM q Avm Z n e Gi Rb cö qvrb n j GKwU D ` v³v Dbœqb dvû MVb Kiv h Z cv i 21. mikv ii Avw_ K e e vcbv Dbœq b mkj gš Yvjq I mikvwi cöwzôvbmg~ ni Avq-e qi wnmv ei cvkvcvwk e v jý kxui _vkv DwPr ciezx Z G jvi mvgwmök hvmdjb n e mikv ii e v jý kxu welqwu Gev ii ev R U iæ Z i mv _ we epbv Ki Z n e 16

18 22. Ki n«vm A_ev e w i ÿ Î mikv ii we ep welq n Z n e A_ bwzk Dbœqb, `kr wkívqb Z ivš^qb, `vwi`ª wbimb, ˆelg n«vm, I RbKj vy wbwðz Kiv 23. mkj weëevb/m Qj e w³ K AvqK ii AvIZvq Avb Z n e G ÿ Î RvZxq cwipq c Îi Z _ i Av jv K Rwic Pvjv Z n e Ges mswkøó Z_ fvûvi M o Zzj Z n e D jøl, ` k 10 jvl Ki `vzvi Kvb nw`m bb Ki Avq evov bvi Rb GbweAvi-Gi gvbe I cöwzôvwbk mÿgzv e w mn m ú` Ki (m ú` g~j wba vi bi Dchy³ e e vmn), withholding U v -BZ vw` Kvh µg mikvi ïiæ Ki Z cv i 24. ez gvb A_ eq i mikv ii ivr ^ Avq Kvw LZ ch v q DcbxZ n e bv wkš Ab w` K e q Kg Q bv mikvwi e q Kgv bvi meÿv Z K cö Póv wb Z n e G cöm ½ RbcÖkvmb ms v ii KvRwU iæ Z i mv _ GwM q bqv Riæwi ev R U Gi cöwzdjb _vkv DwPZ 25. MZ gqv ` ez gvb mikv ii GKwU D jøl hvm mvdj n jv mikv ii ivr ^ AvniY MZ cuvp eq i ivr ^ Avq e w c q Q K qk Y AwaK _ K AwaKZi ivr ^ Avni Yi mÿgzv Ae vnz ivl Z n e 26. wemz K qk A_ eq ii ivr ^ Av qi MwZaviv _ K jÿ Kiv hv Q h, cöz ÿ K ii Ae`vb µgk: e w cv Q ` k Avq elg wbim b GUv ^vfvwekfv eb Kvg, Gaviv Ae vnz ivl Z n e 27. wbgœ Av qi gvby li Ae v we epbvq G b AvqKi iwnz mxgv 2 jvl 50 nvrvi UvKv Kiv h Z cv i GQvovI cöexy Rb Mvwô I bvixi ÿ Î AvqKi iwnz mxgv 3 jvl UvKv cö Íve Kiv h Z cv i cöwzeüx gvby li ÿ Î G mxgv Av iv evov bv h Z cv i 28. Kv úvwb AvBb, 1994 Abyhvqx Kv úvwb wbeü bi mgq cwipvjk `i TIN _vkv Avek K Kv úvwbi TIN cöwzeqi wbw` ó As Ki wd cö`v bi gva g bevqb Kivi cö_v Pvjy Ki j mikv ii ivr ^ Avq evo e Ges wbewüz Kv úvwbmg~n e emv cwipvj b DrmvwnZ n e 29. mkj TIN avixi wiuvb Rgv `qvi eva evakzv _vkv DwPZ Ges cöwzeqi GKwU wbw` ó wd cö`v bi gva g TIN bevqb Kiv h Z cv i 17

19 30. kzfvm ev RU ev Íevqb-miKv ii A½xKvi A½xKvi Pjgvb _vk Z n e Av iv Riæwi n jv ev Íevq bi YMZ gvb eq ii ïiæ _ KB Dbœqb ev RU ev Íevq b h_vh_ Kvh Ki c` ÿc wb Z n e mb j ÿ Kvh Ki KŠkj MÖnY/kw³kvjx Kivi w`kwb ` kbv ev R U _vk Z n e 31. D P cöe w i Rb cö qvrb D P nv i wewb qvm hv wbf i K i AeKvVv gvmz myweav I mykvmb-gi Dci e nr cwienbmz AeKvVv gv, hgb: cùv mzz ev Íevqb I Ab vb cökí wj ev Íevq bi e vcv i mikvi K Kvj ÿcy bv K i Kvh Kix c` ÿc MÖnY Ki Z n e wbr ^ A_ vq b cùv mzz wbg v Yi j ÿ ev R U ch vß eivï ivl Z n e 32. iji qi ev RU wfbœ fv e `Lv Z n e Ges iji qi ev RU n Z n e m cömviykxj Ges `xn gqvw` 33. b`x c _i bve Zv wbwðzkiy-dwïó Kg KvÐ wb q gšwjk fvebv Riæwi G ÿ Î Ab v b i g a ` k 300-i AwaK giv b`x Lbb-Gi cwikíbv cöyqb I Z`vbyhvwq Avw_ K eivï w` Z n e 34. ^í gqv`x i Uvj I KzBK i Uvj we`y r K `ª vc bi AwfÁZvi Av jv K gvsvwi I eo ÿgzv m úbœ we`y r K `ª vc bi cöwz bri `qv DwPZ wbr ^ R vjvwbe e v e envikvix wkí cöwzôvb K Ki myweav cö`vb Kiv h Z cv i vbxq wfwë Z bevqb hvm R vjvwb n Z cwi ekevüe we`y r Drcv` bi ÿ ÎI wewfbœ ivr ^ myweav cö`vb Kiv h Z cv i 35. abx-`wi`ª fzz wk ˆelg n«vm Ki Z n e K wl fzz wk I mvgvwrk wbivcëv eóbx Aÿzbœ i LB fzz wk Kgv Z n e awbk kªwygylx fzy wk Zz j `qv DwPZ 36. Avgv `i Dbœqb ev R U me P q AMÖvwaKvi cviqv DwPZ K wl I MÖvgxY A_ bxwz LvZ MÖvgxY A_ bxwz Z wewb qvm evov bv I fzz wkmn AeKvVv gv Dbœqb Ae vnz ivl Z n e cvkvcvwk MÖvgxYK wl ewnf ~Z LvZ jvi Dci we kl bri w` Z n e mikvix Kg m~wp hgb: GKwU evox-gkwu Lvgvi, Kg m Rb BZ vw`i ev Íevqb MwZ evov Z n e 37. MZ gqv `i b vq GeviI Rjevqy cwiez bi AwfNvZ gvkv ejvi wel q iæz w` Z n e K wli eûgylxkiy (gvq, Mevw` cï cvjb BZ vw`) Gi Dci iæz w` Z n e wbqš Ynxb K wlf~wg e envi eü Ki Z n e GKB 18

20 mv _ cövk wzk `y h v M ÿwzmö Í K lk `i Rb ÒK wl exgvó Pvjyi mikvwi A½xKvi ev Íevq b c` ÿc wb Z n e 38. evsjv `k e vs Ki AšÍf yw³g~jk A_ vqb (eva Zvg~jKfv e mkj mikvwi I emikvwi e vsk jv KZ K MÖvgxY A_ vqb, em vpvlx A_ vqb BZ vw`) Pvjy ivl Z n e I AviI emevb Ki Z n e 39. AvBjv-wmWi-g½v-Pi-nvIi-evIi GjvKvq f~wgnxb I cövwšík K lk `i g a my`nxb ^í gqvw` (6 gvm) FY cö`v bi welqwu we kl we epbvi `vwe iv L (GwU cixwÿz Kg m~wp) G FY cö`vb n e g~jz: K wlr DcKiY (mvi, mp, exr BZ vw`) µq mnvqzvi gva g ^qsfi K wl A_ bxwz M o Zvjv Ges MÖvgxY `vwi`ª wbim bi j ÿ 40. K wl I MÖvgxY A_ bxwzi cvkvcvwk gvbe m ú` Dbœq bi j ÿ wkÿv I ^v LvZ K AMÖvwaKvi w` Z n e ez gv b Avgiv RvZxq Av qi gvî 2.3 kzvsk wkÿvlv Z e q Kwi G mikv ii Ab Zg AR b bzyb wkÿvbxwz ev Íevq b A_ -eivï hšw³kfv e evov Z n e MZ gqv ` mikv ii A½xKvi wqj wkÿv I weávblv Z m e v P ivr ^ eivï ZvQvov, wkÿk `i Rb GKwU vqx c-kwgkb I c _K mvwf m Kwgkb niqvi K_v wqj G m ú K Avmbœ ev R U mikv ii úó w`k wb ` kbv _vkv DwPr 41. MÖvgxY ^v mevq wewb qvm AviI evov Z n e bmi `wi`ª gvby li Rb ^v eivï evov Z n e ez gvb mikv ii A½xKvi mevi Rb ^v wbwðz Kivi j ÿ MZ gqv ` cöwzköæz KwgDwbwU wk wbk jvi Kvh µg m cömviy, mymsnz I Ab vb mswkøó e e v MÖnY evâbxq MÖvgxY ^v exgv Pvjy Kiv h Z cv i 42. mvgvwrk wbivcëv eóbx Kg m~wpmg~n `wi`ª Rb Mvôx K wbivcëv cö`vbmn ÿgzvwqz K i G j ÿ cöyxz Kg m~wp jvi g a mgš^q Rvi`vi Ki Z n e Ges G jv hv Z mwvkfv e cök Z `wi`ª gvby li Kv Q cušqvq, Zv wbwðz Ki Z n e AvMvgx A_ eq i mvgvwrk wbivcëv eóbx Kg m~wpi AvËZv evov bv cö qvrb KviY, Gg~û Z gvî 25 fvm Lvbv G myweav c q _v K mvgvwrk wbivcëv eóbx cwipvwjz n Z n e `vb-wfwëk bq AwaKvi wfwëk G cövp-gi ` wó Z 19

21 43. ez gvb mikv ii MZ mekwu ev R U f~wgnxb cwiev ii g a Lvm Rwg wezi Yi welqwu AšÍfy ³ wqj AMÖMwZi wpî e vl vmn AvMvgx ev R U G ÿ Î AMÖMwZ Zivwš^Z Kivi e e v _vkv evâbxq 44. evsjv ` k cövq 2 KvwU wenv Lvm Rwg I Rjv Av Q Ab w` K wbi¼zzk f~wgnxb cwiev ii msl v cövq 1 KvwU myzivs, `vwi`ª wbimb, K wl Drcv`b e w I Lv` wbivcëv AR bi j ÿ f~wgnxb-cövwšík K lk `i g a Lvm Rwg cö`vb Ges cök Z R j `i Lvm Rjv cö`vb Riæwi 45. mikvi GKwU f~wg ms vi Kwgkb MV bi gva g f~wg mswkøó welqvw` wpwýzkiy I cö qvrbxq e e v wb Z cv ib G Kwgkb MV bi cöwzköæwz MZ gqv `i wbe vpbx Bk Znv i wqj 46. Rb ^v M elkiv Rvbvb, mikv ii D`vi KibxwZi Rb evsjv ` k ZvgvK mexi msl v w`b w`b e w cv Q ez gv b wmmv i Ui ÿ Î gvu 4wU m ú~ik Ki ø ve Av Q G ø ve Ki duvwk DØy K i ø ve c wz DwV q GKK (unified) ø ve K i Mo LyPiv g~ j i 70 kzvsk Kiv ivc (AveMvix ïé/m úyik Ki) Ki j mikv ii AwZwi³ ivr ^ Avq n e 2,000 KvwU UvKv Ges Ab w` K wmmv iu mexi msl vi K g hv e Ges n«vm cv e mswkøó Amy Zv I AKvj g Zz GKB fv e wewomn Ab vb ZvgvKRvZ `ª e i Dci Ki evov Z n e 47. f~mf cvwbi Av m wbk `~ly GKwU bxie NvZK Ges eo ^v wech qg~jk Bmy wkš, m Zzjbvq Av m wbkgy³ my cq cvwb mieiv ni Kg m~wp h _ó iæz cvqwb Av m wbkgy³ cvwb mieiv ni j ÿ Av m wbk AvµvšÍ GjvKvmg~ n m bvwdëv ii mnrjf Zvmn cö qvrbxq e e v MÖnY Riæwi 48. my cq Lvevi cvwb, ^v m Z m vwb Ukb I ^v cwiph v (clear/safe water, hygienic sanitation, person hygiene) Lv Z ev RU eivï cöwzköæz AMÖvwaKv ii Zzjbvq ^í Avi G Lv Zi eivï cöavbz: eo knigylx G Lv Z GKw` K eivï A bk evov Z n e, Avi Ab w` K MÖvgmn cövwšík-myweav ewâz GjvKvq (Pi, nvii, evii, DcK~jxq AÂj, cvez GjvKv, kn ii ew Í) eivï A bk evov Z n e mswkøó Rb ^v elg n«vm Ki Z n e 20

22 49. cwi ekevüe ev RU ev Íevq bi Rb ïay A_ gš xi mw` Qv I Avw_ K eivïb h _ó bq myôz cwikíbv cöbqb I mwvk ev Íevq bi Rb `ikvi cöfvekvjx ^v_ Mvôxi cwi ek we ivax Ab vq Kvh Kjvc cöwz iv a ivr bwzk A½xKvi 50. RÛvi ev RU MZ gqv `i GKwU eo AR b ZvQvov, bvix Dbœqb bxwz 2011 cöyxz n q Q Avgiv `LwQ eq ii ïiæ Z ev R U bvixi Rb cök íi GKwU eo Ask eivï Kiv nq wkš, Avgv `i Rvbv nqbv ev Í e Gi KZLvwb Kvh Ki n q Q GwU wb g vn cwiexÿ Yi cª qvrb GB cwiexÿ Yi `vwqz `qv hvq GKwU RvZxq ch v qi gwbuwis Kvl K hlv b _vk eb RÛvi ev RU wel q we klá e w³, bvix AwaKvi Av `vj bi cöwzwbwa, mikv ii mswkøó D P ch v qi cöwzwbwa 51. MÖv g A_ev kn i bvixi Rxeb hš YvgqÑevj we q, hšb nqivwb, hšzzk I cvwievwik wbh vzb GmeB bvix GKKfv e mn K i Gme cöwz iv a wbe vwpz vbxq cöwzwbwa, mikv ii vbxq Kg KZ v Ges wbe vwpz bvix cöwzwbwa mevb K GwM q Avm Z n e B Zvg a wmwi mb `i Abymi Y ÒcvwievwiK mwnsmzv (cöwz iva I myiÿv) AvBb 2010Ó RvZxq msm ` cvk n q Q Z e GwU e env ii Rb wewa cöyq bi KvRwU AviI `ªæZ MwZ Z m úbœ Kiv `ikvi 52. bvixi mvsmvwik Kv Ri d j h g~j ms hvrb nq, Zvi A_ bwzk ^xk wz `v bi D ` vmwu mikvi K MÖnY Ki Z n e UKmB A_ bxwzmn bvixi ÿgzvqb Z ivwš^z Kivi ^v _ we k i ek K qkwu `k G Kv R AMÖmi n q Q bvixi A ^xk Z Kv Ri A_ bwzk ^xk wz bvix K ÿgzvwqz Ki e, mgv R m vwbz Ki e Ges N i-evb i bvix wbh vz bi gz KwVb mgm vmg~n ^vfvwekfv eb we Z n e 53. Rjv ev RU cöyqb G mikv ii GKwU AR b GKwU Rjvq Aew Z wewfbœ gš Yvj qi `ßimg~ ni Rb hv eivï Zv wb q Rjv ev RU bv K i GKwU Rjvi mg Í vbxq mikvi I K `ªxq Rjv cökvm bi ev RU GKxf~Z K i Rjv ev RU ˆZix Kiv DwPr MZ 22 k R ô, 1421/5B Ryb, 2014 Zvwi L gvbbxq A_ gš x ev RU e³ Zvq ÒweMZ w` bi mdjzvi Av jv K AvMvgxi c_ ipbvó wk ivbvgk Z wøzxq 21

23 Aa v q MZ gqv ` ez gvb mikv ii gvuv `v Mi AR bmg~ ni ey bv w` q Qb GQvovI, ev RU e³ Zvi cwiwkó-k Z wemz cuvp eq i ez gvb mikv ii m úvw`z Kg m~wpmg~n, cwiwkó-l Z ev Íevqbvaxb Kg m~wpmg~n Ges cwiwkó-m Z cöwzköæz Kg m~wp h jv ev Íevqb ïiæ Ki Z mikvi e _ n q Q, Zv Zz j a i Revew`wnZvi cwipq w` q Qb, we kølk `i g a ez gvb mikv ii mdjzv-e _ Zvi gvîv wb q wøgz _vk Z cv i, wkš ZviciI G K_v Ab ^xkvh h, AKc U e _ Zv ^xkvi Kiv ev RU cöyq b mikv ii `vqe Zv I cöny hvm Zv e w Ki e A_ eq ii Rb mikv ii ev RU NvlYvi ch v jvpbv I mycvwik ciezx Aa vqmg~ n mwbœ ewkz n q Q Avgv `i cö Íve I mikv ii ev RU NvlYvi g a `yiz Av Q, Z e m `yiz MÖnY hvm mxgvi g a B Av Q AKc U mikvwi e _ Zv ^xkvi Kiv, ivr ^ Avni Yi cöe w i nvi, GwWwci ev Íevqb nvi evov bvi c` ÿc, NvUwZ A_ vqb n«vm Kiv Z_v e vsk e e v _ K FY MÖnY Kwg q Avbv, m cömviykxj ev RU AvKvi, `ªe g~j w wzkxj ivlvi Kvh µg, mvgvwrk wbivcëv eóbx m úwk Z cö Ívebvmg~n úófv e g b Pj Z n e Zvi A_ GB bq h, ev R Ui Kvb `ye jzv ev downside SzuwK bb P~ovšÍ ev RU cöyq b m jv Aek B we epbvq G b Kvh Ki AviI wkqy c` ÿc AšÍfy ³ K i ev RU K Gi ^í gqvw` I `xn gqvw` jÿ AR b mwvkfv e ev Íevqb Ki Z n e ev R Ui Abygvb wfwë A_ eq ii ev RU cöyq b h mkj eo gv ci welq K ev R Ui Abygvb wfwë wn m e aiv n q Q Zv n jv wek A_ bxwzi MwZaviv, Af šíixy A_ bwzk cwiw wz, cöe w i jÿ gvîv I Abygvb, g~j ùxwz, gy`ªv I FY, Avg`vwb I ißvwb, cöevm Avq I Rbkw³ ißvwb, Ges ˆe `wkk gy`ªvi wirvf I gy`ªv wewbgq nvi cök Z A _ Gev ii ev RU cöyq b ga gqvw` mvgwók A_ bwzk KvVv gvi AšÍM Z K qkwu Abygvbmn Pjgvb Af šíixy I ˆewk K A_ bxwzi cöÿvcumg~n K wfwë wn m e aiv n q Q Gev ii ev R Ui cö ÿcy wfwëmg~n wb q wkqy ejv Riæwi ev R U hme wfwë a i A_ eq ii m ve Kvw ÿz dj wn me Kiv n q Q m wj wbgœiƒc: 22

24 1. DbœZ `kmg~ ni A_ bxwz Z BwZevPK cwiez b n Q d j Hme ` k mvgwmök Pvwn`v e w i Kvi Y Zv `i ekviz Kg Q Ges fv³v I wewb qvmkvix `i Av v evo Q 2. AvšÍR vwzk evrv i Lv` I R vjvwb g~j n«vm cv e 3. wek A_ bxwzi cöe w 2014 mv j n e 3.6% Avi 2015 mv j 3.9% Dbœqbkxj Gkxq `kmg~ n H cöe w n e h_vµ g 6.7% I 6.8% 4. MZ A_ eq ii wøzxq fv M nizvj Ae iva I ivr bwzk Aw izv m Ë I Avgv `i GDP cöe w n q Q 6.01% ( wfwë eqi a i) wkílv Z 10% cöe w n q Q; K wl Z wkqz K g Q; mevlv Z Avkvbyiƒc nqwb cöevm Av qi Kvi Y e w³lv Z fvm e q evo ji wewb qvm ewk ev owb G Zzjbvq mikvwi Lv Z wewb qvm D jøl hvm e o Q 5. ißvwb evo ji Avg`vwb ZZUv ev owb 6. nizv ji ÿwz cywl q wb Z mikv ii cwic~ik bxwz mnvqzvi d j wewb qvm I ißvwb Drmvn evo e wkí I mev LvZ D¾xweZ n e 7. AvDk I ev iv av bi djb K wl cöe w evov e 8. nizvj I Ae iv ai Kvi Y cy mieivn wewnœz niqvq g~j ùxwz e o Q; mvg b K g Avm e 9. e vswks Lv Z `ÿzv e w i d j AvgvbZ I my `i e eavb K g Q (5%- Gi KvQvKvwQ) 10. K wl, ÿz`ª I gvsvwi wkí LvZmn cöe w -evüe LvZmg~ n cö qvrbxq FYcÖevn Ae vnz _vk e 11. ewntlv Zi DbœwZi mv _ mv _ gy`ªv I FY mieiv ni wba vwiz jÿ gvîv AwR Z n e 12. ißvwb e o Q (PjwZ Gwcªj ch ší) MZ eqi cy I mevi Avg`vwb e q n«vm c ji PjwZ gvp ch ší Zv e o Q (17.5%) 13. cöevm Avq K g Q (MZ A_ eq i 12.6% cöe w i wecix Z PjwZ GwcÖj ch ší 4.8% K g Q) Z e Rbkw³ ißvwb evov Z c` ÿc bqv n Q hme c` ÿ ci g a Av Q KzU bwzk ZrciZv, 23

25 Avw_ K mnvqzv cö`vb, `ÿ Rbkw³ M o Zvjv, wr Uz wr c wz Z Rbkw³ ißvwb, emikvwi P v bj K DrmvwnZ Kiv 14. ˆe `wkk gy`ªvi wirvf e o Q (27 g 2014 Z MÖm wirvf wqj 20.2 wewjqb gvwk b Wjvi) 15. gvwk b Wjv ii wecix Z UvKvi g~j gvb w wzkxj i q Q A_ eq ii ev R Ui cö ÿcy wfwëi d j A_ bxwzi wewfbœ LvZ- ÿ Î m ve Kvw ÿz dj hv n Z cv i m m ú K ev RU msl vevpk hv ej Q Zv wbgœiƒc: 1. wrwwwc-i cöe w n e 7.3% 2. mvaviy g~j ùxwz Ryb 2014 bvmv` n e 7%; AvMvgx A_ eq i Zv Av iv K g Avm e 3. cöe w I g~j ùxwz jÿ gvîvi mv _ msmwz i L e vck gy`ªv I Af šíixy F Yi cömvi n e 4. ißvwb Avq I Avg`vwb e q DfqB 15% evo Z cv i 5. cöevm Avq ^vfvwek cöe w i avivq wd i Avm e 6. ˆe `wkk gy`ªvi wirvf evo e (evwyr NvUwZ evo ji cövevm Avq, FYmnvqZv I we `wk wewb qv M BwZevPK cwiez bi Kvi Y) 7. e `wkk gy`ªvi wewbgq nvi gvuvgywu w wzkxj _vk e Gev ii ev R U mvg bi A_ eq ii cöe w i c~e vfvm wb q ejv n q Q: mvg bi eq i wek A_ bwzk cöe w Av iv MwZkxj niqvi mv _ mv _ Avgv `i ißvwb, wewb qvm I iwgu vý cöevn evo e Abygvb Kiv n Q mvg bi eq i AvšÍR vwzk evrv i Lv` km I R vjvwbi g~j wkqzuv Kg e Drcv`bkxj Lv Z F Yi cöevn wbwe Nœ ivlv n e Ges wewb qvm mnvqk gy`ªvbxwz AbymiY Kiv n e we`y r, R vjvwb, e `i I hvmv hvm Lv Z ˆfŠZ AeKvVv gv Dbœq b mikvwi cö Póv Ae vnz _vk e gvbe m ú` I `ÿzv Dbœq b bvbvgylx D ` vm _vk e ivr ^, Avw_ K LvZ I cyuwr evrv i ms vi Kvh µg Pj e we `wk wewb qvm I mnvqzv evo e K wl Z FY I DcKiY mnvqzv ervq _vk e Gici gvbbxq A_ gš x 24

26 me PÕ iæz en h K_vwU e j Qb Zvn jvñ Òm e vcwi, Avwg AbyK~j AvenvIqv I ivr bwzk w wzkxjzv cöz vkv KiwQÓ gvbbxq A_ gš xi my-avkv ÿv I cöz vkv A bk Avgv `ii Zvi P q Kg bq Z e G ÿ Î Avgv `i `yõ Uv cökœ: cö_gz, wk mb k³ wfwë hvi Dci `uvwo q wzwb ej jb A_ev fve jb A_ev cö ÿcy Ki jb h AvMvwg eq i AvšÍ RvwZK evrv i Lv` km I R vjvwbi g~j Kg e; wewb qvm mnvqk gy`ªvbxwz (?) AbymiY Kiv n e (wewb qvm mnvqk gy`ªvbxwzuv Avm j wk); gvbe m ú` Dbœq b bvbvgylx D ` vm bqv n e (Gm ei Avm j mywbw` ó gv b wk, wk Kiv n e, wk Kiv n e bv); cyuwrevrvi ms vi Kvh µg Pj e (Gi Acv ikbvj gv buv wk Avi H ms v ii m ve dj wk Ges Zv K e bvmv` djcömy dj cöme Ki e); we `wk wewb qvm I mnvqzv evo e (GiB ev Avm j A_ wk; wkfv e Zv djcömy n e; hlv b `wkq wewb qvmkvixiv wewb qv M Zgb Drmvn cvb bv mlv b we `wkiv wk R b Avm eb; we `wk `i wk Ggb mnvqzv `qv n e hvi d j Zviv Avm eb h mnvqzv `kxq wewb qvmkvix `i `qv hvq bv?) Gme wb q ev R U Zgb Kv bv c_wb ` kbv bb wøzxqz, ev R U wrwwwc-i 7.3% cöe w i cö ÿc Y gvbbxq A_ gš x me P iæz c~y h ev Íe mz wu D jøl K i Qb e j Avgiv g b Kwi muv n j Zvi Dw³ Òm e vcwi...ivr bwzk w wzkxjzv cöz vkv KiwQÓ Zvi H GK Dw³B ` ki ez gvb Ae vq me PÕ cöwyavb hvm hv AvMvgx w` b mvg b nq Zv ev Av iv mz Dw³ Z iƒcvšíwiz n e ZvB hw` nq Zvn j ïay 7.3% cöe w bq gvbbxq A_ gš xi ev RU e³ Zvi A bk AvKv ÿvb Ac~Y _ K hv e Avgiv g b Kwi Gev ii ev R U ÒivR bwzk w wzkxjzv cöz vkv KiwQÓ welqwu wb q Av iv Lvjv gjv wkqz K_vevZ v ej Z cvi Zb gvbbxq A_ gš x KviY cöpwjz A _ ev RU GK A_ bwzk `wjj (Avm j Avq-e qi wn me) GK_v mz wkš, evsjv ` ki Pjgvb cöwÿ Z ev RU K n Z n e wbtm ` n ivr bwzk-a_ bxwzi c_wb ` kkvix `wjj 25

27 A_ bxwz kv i A bk iæi g Z cö ÿc Yi (c~e vfv mi) Abygvb wfwë ewki fvm mgqb KvR K i bv h Kvi Y ejv nq ÒA_ bxwzwe` `i KvR n jv MZ Kvj Abygv bi wfwë Z h cö ÿcy Kiv n qwq jv Zv Kb AvR KvR Ki jv bv m wel q fwel Z wepvi-we køly KivÓÑ Gme K_v mz n Z cv i hlb cö ÿc Yi Abygvb wfwë nq ev ÍeZv weewr Z evsjv ` ki A_ bxwzi kw³kvjx I `ye j w`kmg~nmn Af šíixy I ewnt wewfbœ mgxki Yi wfwë Z ejv m e h mâq nvi hlb µgeaÿ gvb (Ggb wk wewb qvm nv ii P q ewk), hlb wewb qvm weizv `~i nevi jÿymg~n úó, hlb ißvwb I Avg`vwb evwy R i fvimvg c~y cöe w jÿ Yxq, hlb iwg UÝ cöevn evovi jÿyi úó, hlb K wli MwZ evo Q, hlb gqvw` wkí FY evo Q, hlb ÿz`ª I gvsvwi wk í MwZ mâvwiz n Q, hlb AeKvVv gv Dbœqb mswkøó bxwz KŠkj wewbwg Z n Q, hlb ewn: -Pvc Gov bvi mÿgzv evo Q, hlb g~jabx hš cvwz I wk íi KvuPvgvj Avg`vwbi cöe w evo Q, hlb wewb qv M m ve ÒfxwZ d v±ió Kg Q Ges mbmv _ hlb evo Q Dbœqb cöwzköæwz iÿv I myiÿvi Dcv`vbÑG Ae vq ev R Ui Abygvb wfwëmg~n Avgv `i g Z Kvw LZ gvîvq hyw³msmz Ges ev Íem Z Z e Avgiv g b Kwi h, hme d v±i K Abygvb-wfwË wn m e `Lv n q Q Ges/A_ev nqwb Zvi g a AwaKZi iæz c~y n jv ivr bwzk w wzkxjzv, ivr bwzk mwnsmzv, mvwe K AvBb-k sljv cwiw wz, wbivcëv mswkøó welqvw`, `ybx wz, mykvmb, MYZvwš K vbxq mikvie e v kw³kvjxkiy Ges m ev cwi rent seeking D ~Z A_ bwzk I ivr bwzk ` e Ëvqb (hlb ivrbxwz I mikvi rent seeker- `i Aaxb më vq iƒcvšíwiz nb) Gme d v± i eo ai bi wecwë bv n j cöwzköæz AR b Am e bq Z e Kvw ÿz/cö ÿwcz AR bi ÿ Î gvbbxq A_ gš xi Òm e vcwi...ivr bwzk w wzkxjzv cöz vkv KiwQÓ Dw³wU we kl we epbvqñ fvebviñ D `ª Ki KviY n Z cv i ev R Ui Avq I e q Ñ Avgv `i mswÿß we køly A_ eq ii ev RU cöyqb Kiv n q Q GKwU ga gqvw` ev RU KvVv gvi ( n Z ) AvIZvq ga gqv`x ev RU KvVv gvi AvIZvq cö Z K gš Yvjq/wefvM I Ab vb cöwzôvb ^ ^ ga gqvw` ev RU 26

28 cö Z K i, hvi gva g mikv ii bxwz KŠk ji mv _ ev RU eivï Ges eivïk Z ev R Ui mv _ Kg K wzi hvmm~î cöwzôv Kiv hvq ez gvb mikv ii MZ gqv `i b vq G gqv `i A_ eq ii ev R Ui g~j jÿ iƒckí 2021 Ges cöwÿz cwikíbv 2021-G mikvi h welq jvi Dci AMÖvwaKvi cö`vb K i Q, Zv ev Íevqb Kiv A_ gš xi fvlvq, ÒiƒcKí 2021 (evsjv `k K 2021 mv ji g a ÁvbwfwËK I cöhyw³ wbf i ga g Av qi ` k iƒcvšíwiz Kiv) K mvg b i L 2009 mv j Dbœq bi h AwfhvÎv Avgiv ïiæ K iwqjvg G gqv `I Zv Ae vnz _vk eó ^ QZvi ^v _ A_ eq ii Dbœqb ev R Ui mv _ ^vqëkvwmz cöwzôv bi Aax b ev Íevqbvaxb Dbœqb cök íi eivï NvlYv Kiv n q Q RvZxq ev R U bvixi wnm v wby q Kivi Rb c~e ez x 3wU A_ eq ii b vq A_ eq ii RÛvi ev RU cöyqb Kiv n q Q ZvQvov, A_ eqi _ K cixÿvg~jkfv e ïiæ niqv Rjv (UvsMvBj) ev RU, A_ eq i gvu 7wU Rjvi Rb we Í Z Kiv n q Q Abybœqb ev RU eivï Dbœqb ev R Ui cövq wø Y, hw`i A_ eq ii Zzjbvq A_ eq ii Dbœqb ev R Ui AvKvi 30% ekx G eqi ev R U gvu e q aiv n q Q 2 jÿ 50 nvrvi 506 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwc-i 18.7%) hv MZ A_ eq ii ms kvwaz eiv Ïi P q cövq 16% ewk hlv b Abybœqbmn mswkøó Lv Zi gvu eivï 1 jÿ 60 nvrvi 271 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwc-i 11.96%), Dbœqb ev RU eivï 86 nvrvi 345 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwc-i 6.4%) Ges evwl K Dbœqb Kg m~wpi eivï 80 nvrvi 315 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwc-i 6.0%) cöwÿz cwikíbv 2021 Gi cö ÿcy, ev R Ui AvKv ii mvaviy MwZaviv Ges g~j ùxwzi wbwi L cö ÍvweZ ev R Ui AvKvi mvgäm c~y GLv b D jøl Kiv cö qvrb h, Abybœqb e qi GKwU eo Ask hgb GKw` K ezb-fvzv Lv Z e q n e Zgwb Abybœqb e qi 15 kzvsk Avm j `vwi`ª `~ixkiy DwÏó Dbœqb e q (cöavbz: AwZ `wi`ª `i Rb wewfbœ wbivcëv eóbxg~jk Kg m~wpi e q) G eqi ev R U Abybœqb e q e w i cöavb KviYmg~n nj my` cwi kva e q evo e, K wl fzzwk mn we`y r Drcv` b fzzwk w` Z n e, mâqcî wewµ evovi Kvi Y ew Z my` cwi kva Ki Z n e G eqi ev R U cöv wjz gvu Avq 1 jÿ 89 nvrvi 760 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwci 14.12%) hvi g a gvu ivr ^ Avq cöv jb Kiv n q Q 1 jÿ 82 nvrvi 954 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwcõi 13.7%) gvu ivr ^ Av qi 1 jÿ 55 nvrvi 27

29 292 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwcõi 11.59%) Avm e Ki-ivR ^ wn m e hvi g a GbweAvi Ki ivr ^ 149,720 KvwU UvKv A_v r wrwwwc-i 11.17%, Avi Kiewnf~ Z LvZ _ K ivr ^ Avq n e 27 nvrvi 662 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwcõi 2.06%) A_ vr ivr ^ Av qi 84.88% Avm e Ki ivr ^ _ K Avgv `i ev RUÑGKwU NvUwZ ev RU, Av qi P q e q ewk gvu cöv wjz NvUwZi cwigvy 67 nvrvi 552 KvwU UvKv (wrwwwc-i 5.0%) NvUwZ c~i Y ˆe `wkk m~î _ K AvniY Kiv n e 24 nvrvi 275 KvwU UvKv Ges Af šíixy Drm _ K 43 nvrvi 277 KvwU UvKv A_ vr ev RU NvUwZ c~i Y 56% wbf i Ki Z n e Af šíixy Dr mi Dci Af šíixy Dr mi g a e vsk e e v _ K bqv n e 31 nvrvi 221 KvwU UvKv Ges e vsk ewnf ~Z LvZ _ K bqv n e 12 nvrvi 056 KvwU UvKv (hvi ewki fvm Avm e RvZxq mâqcî _ K) G ÿ Î Avgv `i my úó e³e n jv NvUwZ ev R Ui mv _ g~j dxwz Zgb mnm ú wkz bvi n Z cv i hw` NvUwZ ev R Ui A_ vq b Drcv`bkxj LvZmg~n K AMÖvwaKvi `qv hvq G w` K we kl bri ivl Z n e hw`i Ggyn~ Z e vsk e e vq cöpzi AwZwi³ Zvij we` gvb, Z_vwc Lqvj ivl Z n e h e vsk e e v _ K 31 nvrvi KvwU UvKv wb j (hvi cövq 63% `xn gqv `i)ñ m ÿ Î e vs Ki Zvi j i Dci Pvc evo e hv wbtm ` n my `i nvi evov e; Ges djköæwz Z cöe w i cöavb mnvqk LvZ wkí Lv Zi wekvk ÿwzmö Í n Z cv i, Avi mb mv _ Kg ms vb e w mn cöe w i MwZ n«vm c Z cv i ev RU RbKj vykvgx Ges fvimvg c~y wkõbv-g we køly iæz c~y weavq Avgiv gvu ev R Ui (Dbœqb I Abybœqb) Ges m mv _ evwl K Dbœqb Kg m~wpi (GwWwc) eivï web vm m ú K wkqy K_v ej Z PvB GUv Ab ^xkvh h, ev RU K n Z n e Dbœq bi w`k wb `k bvi `wjj Dbœqb I Abybœqb wb q h gvu ev RU Zvi e q-eivï KvVv gv m ú K Avgiv my úó e³e w` Z PvB cö ÍvweZ ev R U gvu eiv Ï AMÖvwaKviµg A_ev cövavb µg wbgœiƒc: m eÿ vp eivï cövß LvZ n jv fšz AeKvVv gv hvi AšÍfy ³ mvwe K K wl, cjøx Dbœqb, e nëi hvmv hvm, we`y r I R vjvwbñg Lv Z eivï gvu eiv Ïi 30.15% wøzxq m eÿv P eivï cövß LvZ n jv mvgvwrk AeKvVv gv hvi AšÍ fy³ wkÿv, ^v I mswkøóñg Lv Z eivï gvu eiv Ïi 25.16% Z Zxq m eÿv P eivï cövß LvZ n jv mvaviy mevlvz-g Lv Z eivï gvu eiv Ïi 23.58% PZz_ m eÿv P eivï cövß LvZ n jv my` cwi kva-g Lv Z 28

30 eivï gvu eiv Ïi 12.39% câg v b Av Q bxu FY`vb I Ab vb e q- gvu eiv Ïi 5.34% Ges me kl lô v b Av Q wcwcwc fzz wk I `vq- gvu eiv Ïi 3.37% Avgv `i g Z gvu eiv Ïi G AMÖvwaKviµg A hšw³k bq D jøl h, MZ A_ eq ii ( ) Zzjbvq, ez gvb A_ eq i mvgvwrk AeKvVv gv Lv Z 2% e q eivï e o Q Ges K g Q bxu FY`vb I Ab vb Lv Z, hv ev RU e q eiv Ï fvimvg evov e gvu ev RU eiv Ïi LvZ wfwëk AMÖvwaKviµg ev cövavb µg Ab fv e Av iv GKUy we ÍvwiZ `Lv h Z cv i G we køl Y eivïµg wbgœiƒc : m e v P eivï cövß LvZ, RbcÖkvmb ( gvu eiv Ïi 15.26%); Gi c i Av Q h_vµ g wkÿv I cöhyw³ (13.08%),mỳ (12.39%), cwienb I hvmv hvm (9.75%), K wl (7.62%), vbxq mikvi I cjøx Dbœqb (7.07%), cöwziÿv (6.57%), mvgvwrk wbivcëv I Kj vy (6.06%), Rbk sljv I wbivcëv (5.01%), R vjvbx I we`y r (4.60%), ^v (4.4%), wkí I A_ bwzk mvwf m (1.1%), M nvqb (0.8%), we bv`b, ms wz I ag (0.8%) Ges wewea e q (5.3%) MZ A_ eq ii Zzjbvq ez gvb A_ eq i ( ) cwienb I hvmv hvm Ges K wl Lv Zi eivï A bk e o Q my` Li Pi P q wkÿv I cöhyw³ Lv Z e q eivï e o Q MZ A_ eq i wkÿv I cöhyw³ Lv Zi Ae vb Z Zxq n ji G A_ eq i AvbycvwZK eivï e w i Kvi Y wkÿv I cöhyw³ LvZ wøzxq Ae v b G m Q eive ii gz Rb cökvmb LvZ m e v P e q eivï cv Q Ges ^v Lv Zi Ae vb A bk wcq b G Ae v Kvg bq Avevi ïay gvî Abybœqb ev R Ui e q-eivï web v m `Lv hv Q h m e v P eivï cv Q my` cwi kva LvZ ( gvu Abybœqb ev R Ui 18.4%); Zvi c i h_vµ g Av Q RbcÖkvmb (15.7%), wkÿv I cöhyw³ (10.9%), fzzwk I cö bv`bv (9.9%), cöwziÿv (8.5%), mvgvwrk wbivcëv I Kj vy (6.1%), Rbk sljv I wbivcëv (5.9%) cbkb (5.0%), cwienb I hvmv hvm (2.6%), K wl (2.4%), vbxq mikvi I cjøx Dbœqb (1.5%), we bv`bms wz-ag (0.7%), M nvqy (0.5%), wkí I A_ bwzk mvwf m (0.3%), Ges wewea (8.0%) Abybœqb ev R Ui LvZIqvwi G eivï we køly iæz c~y KviY Abybœqb ev RU eivï gvu ev RU eiv Ïi cövq 68% ZvQvov, MZ A_ eq ii Zzjbvq ezg vb A_ eq i LvZIqvwi Abybœqb e q eivï gvuvgywu GKB ikg 29