grm Rxex bvix `i mâq Znwej cwipvjbv g vbyqvj

Transcription

1 d Uv: ejivg gnj`vi Gbn výw& Kv vj wdkvwir Bb evsjv `k (B Kvwdk-evsjv `k) cökí grm Rxex bvix `i mâq Znwej cwipvjbv g vbyqvj Fishers Women Savings Fund Management Guidelines USAID Av gwikvi RbM Yi cÿ _ K

2 d Uv: ejivg gnj`vi

3 grm Rxex bvix `i mâq Znwej cwipvjbv g vbyqvj ev Íevq b: Iqvì wdk evsjv `k I mvd_ Gwkqv Ges grm Awa`ßi gvv ch v q Kg m~wp ev ÍevqbKvixt wmgbavigm/ Kv WK/ Kvó Uªvó Avw_ K mn hvwmzvq: BDGmGAvBwW cökvkkvj: gvp, 2017 cökvkbv I ^Ë : Gbn výw& Kv vj wdkvwir Bb evsjv `k (B Kvwdk-evsjv `k), Iqvì wdk, evsjv `k

4 m~wpcî c ôv bs 1. f wgkv 3 2. KwgDwbwU mâq ` ji e e vcbv 3 3. FY Kg m~wp cwipvjbv 5 4. ms hvrbxmg~n 6 ms hvrbx-1: KwgDwbwU mâq ` ji (wmgmwr) bxwzgvjv/mvbzš 6 ms hvrbx-2: Pzw³cÎ 15 ms hvrbx-3: mâq I FY mn hvwmzvi Rb wbwl (Abychy³) Kvh µ gi ZvwjKv 18 ms hvrbx-4: FY Av e`b dig 19 ms hvrbx-5: GAvBwRG/ e emvwqk cwikíbvi bgybv 20 ms hvrbx-6: wmgmwrõi mâq Ges FY Kg m~wpi Rb LwZqvb eb Gi bgybv 21 ms hvrbx-7: F Yi njdbvgv/a½xkvibvgv 22 ms hvrbx-8: wmgmwrõi mâq Ges FY Kg m~wpi Rb bm`vb ewni bgybv/ Ug cøu 23 ms hvrbx-9: PK Bm y iwr v ii bgybv/ Ug cøu 23 ms hvrbx-10: mâqx ` ji cöwz e`b dig 24

5 1. f wgkv Gbn výw& Kvóvj wdkvwir Bb evsjv `k (B Kvwdk-evsjv `k) cökíwu hy³iv óªi AvšÍR vwzk Dbœqb ms v BDGmGAvBwWÕi A_ vq b, AvšÍR vwzk M elyv cöwzôvb Iqvì wdk Ges grm Awa`ß ii gva g ev ÍevwqZ n Q cökíwu Awf hvrbkxj mn-e e vcbv KŠkj ev Íevq bi gva g cùv- gnbv b`xi cwi ek I Rxe ewpî iÿv Ges wekí Av qi gva g Bwj ki Dci wbf ikxj R j `i RxweKv I Rxebgvb Dbœq bi Rb KvR K i hv Q evsjv `k mikvi NvwlZ Bwj ki 5wU AfqvkÖg msjmœ 9wU Rjvq (ewikvj, cuyqvlvjx, fvjv, ei bv, SvjKvwV, wc ivrcyi, kixqzcyi, Puv`cyi, Ges j²xcyi) cökíwu ev ÍevwqZ n Q G me GjvKvq Bwjk m ú `i Dci wbf ikxj grm Rxex cwiev ii cyiæl m` m i cvkvcvwk bvix m`m `i Av_ -mvgvwrk Ae vi Dbœq bi Rb `ÿzv e w I wekí Kg ms v bi my hvm m wó Kiv n Q G j ÿ cökí GjvKvi cöwzwu MÖv g bvix `i wb q grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz ev KwgDwbwU mâqx `j (wmgmwr) MVb Kiv n q Q G me mâqx ` ji m`m `i gvwmk mâq Ges cökí cö`ë g vwps dv Ûi wfwë Z mâq I FY Znwej MVb Kiv n Q hlvb _ K Zviv ^í mevg~ j (mvwf m PvR ) FY MÖnY Ki Z cvi eb mâqx ` ji m`m iv Zv `i mâq I FY Kvh µg hv Z myôzfv e cwipvjbv Ki Z cv ib m Rb `j MV bi ci Zv `i cöwkÿy cö`v bi gva g `ÿzv e w Kiv n Q GB g vbyqvjwu mâqx ` ji m`m `i mâq I FY Kvh µg myôzfv e cwipvjbv Ki Z mnvqzv Ki eb G Z cö qvrbxq Z_ -DcvË I bgybv/ Ug cøu hy³ Kiv n q Q hv KwgDwbwU mâqx `j, Iqvì wdk Ges Gi mn hvmx ms vi cö qvrb n e 2. KwgDwbwU mâq ` ji e e vcbv m`m `i gvwmk mâ qi nvi 50 UvKv _ K 100 UvKvi g a n e KwgDwbwU mâq `j ev wmgmwrõi mâq 25,000 UvKv niqv mv c ÿ B Kvwdk-evsjv `k cökí _ K Abỳ vb wn m e Zv `i K GK Kvjxb 25,000 UvKv cö`vb Kiv n e GB Abỳ vb ` ji m`m `i N~Y vqgvy Znwej wn m e `Iqv n e Zviv G Znwej GKK ev `jxqfv e wekí Avqea K Kv R e envi Ki eb KwgDwbwU mâqx ` ji GKvD U cökí Abỳ vb cö`v bi c~ e KwgDwbwU mâqx `j, Iqvì wdk Ges Gi ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi (wmgbavigm/ Kv WK/ Kvó Uªvó) mv _ GKwU wî-cÿxq Pzw³ m úv`b Kiv n e Pzw³ Z KwgDwbwU mâqx ` ji e e vcbvi mkj c ÿi `vwqz Ges f~wgkv jv my-wbw` ó Kiv _vk e GKwU wîcÿxq Pzw³i bgybv/ Ug cøu ms hvrbx-2 G Dc vcb Kiv n q Q wmgmwr m`m e ` ÔmÂq I FYÕ Znwej bxwzgvjvi wfwë Z Znwej MVb Ki eb Ges mâq I FY Kvh µg cwipvjbv Ki eb mâq I F Yi bxwzgvjvi bgybv ms hvrbx-1 G Dc vwcz n q Q D³ ms hvrbx Z mâq I FY Kvh µg e e vcbvi g~jbxwz I c wz ey bv Kiv n q Q hv ms kvab ev cwiez b hvm cö qvr b m`m `i Ae v, cöz vkv Ges wm v šíi wfwë Z wmgmwr GB kz I bxwzgvjv ms kvab Ki Z cv i Z e Zv bxwzgvjvq D jøwlz wbqg-kvbyb g b Ges ms hvrbx-3 G D jøwlz Abychy³ Kvh µg e wz i K Ki Z n e wmgmwrõi e vsk GKvD U cwipvjbvi Rb cökí KZ K g bvbxz cöwzwbwa ( hgb: ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi gvv Kg x) GKRb eva Zvg~jK ^vÿi`vbkvix n eb hv wîcÿxq Pzw³ Z (ms hvrbx- 2) D jøwlz gqv` ch ší cö hvr n e we kl Î cök íi Aby gv`b mv c ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi gvv 3

6 Kg x QvovI e vsk GKvD U cwipvjbv Kiv h Z cv i m Î ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi cöwzwbwai mz vwqz cöz qb c Îi gva g e vsk GKvD U cwipvwjz n e cö qvr b G wel q cök íi wb ` kbv AbymiY hvm n e cök íi gqv` k l vbxq mikvi/grm Awa`ß ii cöwzwbwai Kv Q cök íi Kvh vejx n ÍvšÍi Kiv mv c Zv `i gzvgz I civg k i wfwë Z e vsk GKvD U cwipvwjz n e ms hvrbx-1 G wb ` wkz KwgDwbwU mâq ` ji bxwzgvjv wb Pi bxwzmg~ ni Dci wfwë K i MwVZ- Znwej e e vcbv Ges wnmve msiÿy cöwµqv: KwgDwbwU mâqx ` ji bv g wbku ivóªvqz e vs Ki gva g GB Znwej e e vcbv Kiv n e Ges wmgmwrõi wbe vnx KwgwUi Øviv Zv cwipvwjz n e cvkvcvwk wmgmwrõi m` m i jb- `b I w wzi wnmve ivlvi D Ï k wmgmwrõi e vsk GKvD Ui Rb GKwU LwZqvb eb e envi Ki Z n e wmgmwrõi Avw_ K jb ` bi ^ QZv Ges k Ljvi Rb 2 Rb e w³i hš_ ^v ii gva g e vsk wnmve cwipvwjz n e h_vt K) cö_g ^v ikvix: ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi GKRb cöwzwbwa L) wøzxq ^v ikvix: wmgmwrõi mfvcwz ev mvaviy m úv`k ev wmgmwrõi K vwkqvi FY eivï cöwµqv: wmgmwrõi wbe vnx KwgwU gvwmk ev we kl mfvi gva g FY eiv Ïi bxwz Abyhvqx cö ÍvweZ Avqea K Kg m~wpi cwi ek I KŠkjMZ Ae v Ges m ve jv fi cwigvy, Av e`bkvixi Av_ -mvgvwrk Ae v I mÿgzv hvpvb Ki e mb mv _ Kvh wbe vnx KwgwUi Kgc ÿ 2 Rb m` m i mycvwik I Znwej w wzi cwigvy we epbv K i FY eiv Ïi wm vší MÖnY Ki e h me wekí RxweKv Kvh µg ms hvrbx-3 G D jøwlz Abychy³ ZvwjKvf~³, mme Kvh µ gi Rb GB FY cö`vb Kiv hv ebv ev Av e`bcî MÖnY hvm n ebv FY Av e` bi mv _ Ave`bKvixi wmgmwrõi 2 Rb m`m Rvwgb`vi wnmv e FY Av e`bkvixi `ilv Í mycvwikmn ^vÿi Ki eb Ges Av e`b c Î Av e`bkvix h KvR Ki eb Zvi cwikíbv, m ve LiP, Avq Ges FY di Zi mgq D jøl Ki eb Ab w` K hme wekí Av qi ÿî n Z `ªæZ Avq n e I `ªæZ FY cwi kva Kiv hv e m mkj ÿî K cövavb `qv n e hv Z wba vwiz ^í cwigvy Znwej c~yt c~yt e envi K i ewkifvm m`m K mn hvwmzv Kiv hvq F Yi cwigvy: Znwej Gi cwigvy, FY Av e`bkvixi GKK mâq, FY Av e`bkvixi msl v Ges wekí RxweKv Kvh µg cwipvjbvi Rb cö qvrbxq UvKvi cwigvy we epbv K i wmgmwr F Yi cwigvy wba viy Ki e G ÿ Î m` m i mvwe K Kj vy I gzvg Zi Dci kö vkxj _ K Kvh wbe vnx KwgwU wm vší MÖnY Ki e Z e 1g av c ÿz`ª e emvi ( hgb Miæ cvjb, QvMj cvjb, nuvm-gyiwm cvjb, gyw` e emv, mewrpvl BZ vw`) Rb 3,000 _ K 5,000 UvKv wba viy Kiv h Z cv i wøzxq av c, F Yi A_ Av`vq I Znwej w wzi Dci wfwë K i AvbycvwZKnv i F Yi cwigvy evov bv h Z cv i, hgb ÿz`ª e emv I `jxq e emvi Rb 10,000 _ K 20,000 UvKv ch ší FY cö`vb Kiv h Z cv i FY diz/wkw Í Av`vq I mvwf m PvR wba viyt FY MÖnxZv K cvwÿk ev gvwmk wfwë Z 20 ev 10 wkw Í Z FY cwi kva Ki Z n e G ÿ Î F Yi mev gyj n e 5-10% mij nv i hv Avm ji (cök Z FY) mv _ hvm n q 20 ev 10 wkw Í Z Av`vq n e hgb Kv bv m`m 1000 UvKv FY MÖnY Ki j 10% mevgyj mn gvu cwi kva hvm F Yi cwigvy n e = 1100 UvKv myzivs cvwÿk ev gvwmk Av`vq hvm wkw Íi cwigvy n e h_vµ g 1100/20=55 UvKv A_ev 1100/10=110 UvKv 4

7 3. FY Kg m~wp cwipvjbv Kg m~wp cwikíbv, Z_ mieivn I F Yi Rb Av e`bt wmgmwrõi wbe vnx KwgwU Znwe ji Dci wfwë K i ` ji m`m `i Rb evwl K ev lv vwmk FY weziy cwikíbv cöyqb Ges m`m `i wbku `ilv Í AvnŸvb Ki eb hme m`m KwgwU wba vwiz mg qi g a F Yi Rb Av e`b Ki Z B QzK, Zviv ` ji gvwmk ev we kl mfvq wdì d vwmwj UU ii KvQ _ K FY MÖnY cöwµqv, Av e` bi wbqgvejx, FY cviqvi my hvm BZ vw` m ú K we ÍvwiZ R b h_vh_ wbq g wbw` ó dig G (ms hvrbx-4) F Yi Rb Av e`b Ki eb FY Av e` bi mv _ GKwU e emvwqk cwikíbv (ms hvrbx-5) mshy³ Ki Z n e FY Av e`b evqvbkiy t wmgmwrõi wbe vnx KwgwU bxwzgvjv Abymv i Av e`b cî hvpvb evqvb Ki e Ges wmgmwrõi gvwmk mfvq FY `qvi e vcv i wm vší b e FY weziy t wbe vwpz m`m ev m`m `i gv S wmgmwrõi `vwqz cövß e w³ bm` ev P Ki gva g iwk`cövwß mv c ÿ FY weziy Ki eb Ges LwZqvb (ms hvrbx-6) I FY MÖnxZvi cvk eb G wjwce Ki eb FY MÖnxZv FY MÖn Yi c~ e `j K FY diz cö`vb I FY e env ii kz vejx m ^wjz GKwU wjwlz Pzw³bvgv (ms hvrbx-7) m úv`b Ki eb FY Av`vq t ` ji mvaviy m úv`k ev K vwkqvi ev Rvwgb`vi wbw` ó FY cwi kvam~wp Abyhvqx gvwmk ev cvwÿk iwm `i gva g FY Av`vq Ki eb Ges FY cwi kvakvixi cvk eb G wjwce Ki eb Iqvì wdk, grm Awa`ßi Ges ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi `vwqz I KZ e t Iqvì wdk/ grm Awa`ßi Gi mn hvwmzvq Kg m~wp ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi `vwqz cövß Kg x/kg xe ` wmgmwr K KwgDwbwU mâqx ` ji bxwzgvjv cöyq b mvnvh Ki eb GQvov wmgmwrõi e e vcbv wel q bzv `i `ÿzv Dbœq bi ÿî hvpvb Ki eb Ges cö qvrbxq cöwkÿy, we kl mn hvwmzv Ges AwfÁZv wewbgq md ii Av qvrb Ki eb grm Awa`ßi wmgmwr K m g K i M o Zvjvi Rb cö qvrbxq civgk, mn hvwmzv Ges m e vcwi wmgmwrõi Kvh µg ZË veavb Ki eb Iqvì wdk Ges Gi mn hvmx ms vi Kg x/kg xe ` wmgmwri FY MÖnxZv K Zv `i FY myôzfv e wewb qv Mi gva g Dchy³, wbivc` Ges jvfrbkfv e wekí Kg ms vb m wó Z civgk cö`vbmn mvwe K mn hvwmzv Ki eb Iqvì wdk I ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi cöwzwbwa wmgmwrõi F Yi Ae v, jb `b BZ vw` ch eÿy/gwbuwis Ki eb GB ÿ Î wmgmwrõi `vwqz cövß e w³/e w³em cöwz wzb gvm k l ciez x gv mi cö_g mßv ni g a mieivnk Z dig (ms hvrbx-10) G cöwz e`b cö`vb Ki eb mn hvmx ms vi Kg x wbweofv e GB Kvh µg ch eÿy/gwbuwis Ki eb Ges wmgmwr K mvwe K mn hvwmzv Ki eb hv Z mâq I F Yi mwvk e e vcbv wbwðz nq Ges wbe vwpz GAvBwRG jv mvgvwrkfv e MÖnY hvm I cwi ek-evüe nq wmgmwrõi mvsmvwbk Dbœqb, Kvh µg Ges e vs K ^vaxbfv e jb ` bi ÿ Î ch vß hvm Zv I `ÿzv AR b bv Kiv ch ší mn hvmx ms vi Kg x wmgmwrõi e vsk wnmve cwipvjbvq GKRb eva Zvg~jK ^vÿi`vzv wn m e _vk eb 5

8 1 mâq ` ji gšwjk Z_ KwgDwbwU mâqx ` ji D Ïk n Q- 4. ms hvrbxmg~n ms hvrbx-1 KwgDwbwU mâq ` ji (wmgmwr) bxwzgvjv/mvbzš Bwjk m ú `i Dci wbf ikxj `wi`ª R j cwiev ii bvix `i wb q AvZœwbf ikxj `j M o Zvjv Ges `ÿzv e w i gva g RxweKvi gvb Dbœq b wekí Avq I Kg ms v bi my hvm m wó Kiv K) `j/mwgwzi bvgt grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz MÖvg: BDwbqb: Dc Rjv: Rjv: L) wmgmwr ev mâqx `j MVb Kivi ZvwiL: M) wmgmwr ev mâqx ` ji gvu m`m msl v: 2 m`m c` K) mâqx ` ji AvKvi: mâqx ` j Bwj ki Dci wbf ikxj `wi`ª grm Rxex cwiev ii Kgc 30 _ K 40 Rb bvix m`m _vk e cöwzwu cwievi/lvbv _ K 1 Rb K i bvix m`m _vk e ` ji m`m MY GKB GjvKvi vqx evwm `v n eb Ges Zv `i eqm eq ii g a n e `j MV b AwZ`wi`ª cwiev ii bvix `i AMÖvwaKvi w` Z n e L) bzbz m`m AšfÍ w ³KiY: m`m n Z AvMnÖ x e w³ K c_ö g ` ji MVbZš m ú K aviyv w` Z n e Zvici MVbZš gvb Z m Z n j m`m wn m e AšfÍ w z ³i welqwu evwlk mvaviy mfvq Ab y gv`b wb Z n e M) m`m c` evwzj: cici 3wU gvwmk wgwus G Abby gvw`zfv e Abycw Z _vk j ` ji m`m c` evwzj n q hv e GQvov ` ji wbqgf½ Ki j mb m`m K `j Z vm Ki Z n e ev hw` Kv bv m`m `j Z vm Ki Z Pvb Zv n j Zvi e Kqv FY KZ b I mgš^q K i cvibv UvKv jf vsk Qvov diz `Iqv n e N) m` m i g Z y: hw` Kv bv m`m g Z yeiy K ib Zvn j Zvi RgvK Z mgỳ q UvKv evwl K wnmv ei ci jf vskmn Zvi ˆea bwgwb A_ev wbku AvZœxq K diz w` Z n e g Z m` m i M nxz F Yi e Kqv Ges g vwps dvû/m cyik Znwej _ K M wnz FYmg~n gikz di welqwu Kvh Kix KwgwU we epbv Ki Z cv i cwiev i Kv bv bvix m`m _vk j m g Z m` m i cwie Z ` j AšÍf ³ n Z cvi e O) m`m ewn vi: wb Pi KviY jvi Rb h Kv bv m`m K `j _ K ewn vi Kiv h Z cv i- hšw³k KviY Qvov ci ci 3wU gvwmk mfvq Abycw Z _vk j Ges ci ci wzb gvm mâq Rgv Ki Z e _ n j Ab m`m `i mv _ Lvivc AvPiY Ki j ev Ab h Kvb Kvi Y ` ji wzb fv Mi `yb fvm m`m Zvi weiæ Abv v Avb j ` ji wbqgbxwz bv gvb j ev avivevwnkfv e f½ Ki j 6

9 3 wbe vnx/cwipvjbv KwgwU K) KwgwUi AvKvi (5-7 m`m wewkó) mfvcwz -1 Rb m cv`k-1 Rb K vwkqvi-1 Rb Kvh Kix m`m -2 Rb 4 wbe vnx/cwipvjbv KwgwUi Kvh cwiwa wbe vnx/cwipvjbv KwgwU - GK eqi `vwqz cvjb Ki Z cvi e wba vwiz mgq k l KwgwUi Kvh gzv jvc cv e Z e ` ji wm vší Abyhvqx G gqv`kvj evov bv h Z cv i ` ji AskMÖnYg~jK mgvr Dbœqb cwikíbv, mâq MÖnY, FY cö`vb, FY Av`vq I wewfbœ Kvh µg cöyqb, ev Íevqb I ZË veavb Ki e `jxq Av qi Drm m wó I ` ji wnmve wbkvk cwipvjbv Ki e eqi k l Avq-e qi wnmve wbkvk mvaviy mfvq Dc vcb Ki e Zv `i Kv Ri Rb ` ji wbku cöwzáve _vk e cö qvr b Riæwi mfv W K iæz c~y wm vší wb Z cvi e cwipvjbv KwgwUi Kv bv c` k~b n j ` ji m`m `i mv _ civgk µ g `jxq mfvi gva g Zv c~iy Ki e 5 wbe vnx/cwipvjbv KwgwUi wbe vpb cöwµqv mâq `j wbe vnx/cwipvjbv KwgwU m`m `i cöz fv Ui gva g wbe vpb Kiv n e G Z ` ji g a MYZvwš K PP vi g bvfve _vk e Ges wbe vwpz KwgwUi Dci mkj m` m i Av v I wek vm _vk e KwgwUi Kv bv c ` GKvwaK cöv_ x AvMÖnx n j m ÎI fv Ui e e v Ki Z n e wbe vnx/cwipvjbv KwgwU MV bi Î wb Pi welq jv we epbv Ki Z n et cwipvjbv KwgwU MV b cöwzeqi wbe vpb Kiv fv jv bzzb bz Z m wói Rb cöwzeqi KwgwU MV bi mgq ` ji bzzb m`m hv Z my hvm cvq mw` K Lqvj ivl Z n e KwgwUi gqv` kl niqvi cöv v j evwl K mvaviy mfvq bzzb KwgwU MVb Ki Z n e cwipvjbv KwgwU wbe vp bi mgq Aek B mâq ` ji mkj mvaviy m`m K Dcw Z _vk Z n e MvcbxqZv i v K i fvu MÖnY cöwµqv m cbœ Ki Z n e K) KwgwUi m`m c` evwzj/acmviy: mâqx ` ji cwipvjbv KwgwUi Kv bv m`m Zvi `vq-`vwqz cvjb Ki Z e _ n j ` ji m`m `i gzvg Zi wfwë Z Zv K c` _ K AcmviY Kiv hv e ` ji h Kvb m`m cwipvjbv KwgwUi h Kv bv `vwq Z wb qvwrz m` m i m`m c` evwz ji Av e`b Ki Z cv ib G Î fvu MÖnY Ki Z n e Ges 7

10 Kgc wzb fv Mi `yb fvm m` m i fv Ui cö qvrb n e fv Ui Rb MvcbxqZv i v Ki Z n e Ges fvu MÖnY cöwµqvwu ` ji mkj m` m i gva g MÖnY hvm n Z n e L) KwgwU evwzj wbe vnx/cwipvjbv KwgwU hw` `j cwipvjbv I bz Z w` Z e _ n q Q e j cözxqgvb nq, Zvn j D³ KwgwU gqv` DËxY niqvi Av MB ` ji m`m `i gzvg Zi wfwë Z evwzj Kiv hv e KwgwU evwzj Kivi ci cib wbe vpb K i bzzb KwgwU MVb Ki Z n e KwgwU evwzj I bzzb KwgwU MVb cöwµqvi mgq ` ji mkj m` m i ˆah kxj I Av vkxj n Z n e hv Z ` ji g a Kv bv ikg wek Ljv m wó bv nq ev ` ji Kvh µg e nz bv nq M) wbe vnx/cwipvjbv KwgwUi `vwqz I KZ e cwipvjbv KwgwUi wewfbœ c `i `vwqz I KZ e wb P D jøl Kiv n jvt mfvcwzi `vwqz I KZ e wbqwgz mfvq Dcw Z n q ` ji bxwzgvjv Abmy iyce~ K Av jvp mw~ P wbav iy K i mfv cwipvjbv Kiv mfvi Av jvpbvq ` ji m`m `i AskMÖnY wbwðz Kiv I wm vší MÖn Y ` ji gzvgz K iæz `Iqv ` ji wbqg k Ljv ervq ivlv I cö Z K m`m K `vwqz m c K m PZb Kiv, SMov weev` n j wggvsmv Kiv ` ji/msmv bi ^v_ mswkøó wel q vbxq wewfbœ mikvwi, emikvwi I e w³gvwjkvbvaxb mev`vbkvix cöwzôv bi mv _ hvmv hvm i v Kiv FY MÖnxZv FY mwvkfv e Kv R jvmv Z cvi Q wkbv Zv ch e Y Kiv Ges cö qvr b civgk `Iqv ` ji bw_cî I wnmve i Y mvaviy m cv`k I K vwkqvi K mnvqzv cö`vb Kiv mvaviy m cv` Ki `vwqz I KZ e mfvcwzi AbygwZµ g mfv Avnevb Kiv mfvi wm vší I Kg cwikíbv Kvh weeiwy LvZvq wjwce K i mfvi k l mkj K Zv AewnZ Kiv ` ji m`m `i Kv bv mgm v _vk j Zv Av jvpbvq G b mgvavb Kiv h Kv Ri Rb FY `Iqv n q Q, FY MÖnxZv mb Kv R Zv e envi Ki Q wk bv ch e Y Kiv K vwkqvi Gi Kvh µg ch e Y Ges wnmve msi Y mnvqzv Kiv evwl K mvaviy mfvq mevb K wemz eq i Kv Ri AMÖMwZ I cwikíbv m c K AewnZ Kiv AvMvgx eq ii KiYxq m ú K Lmov cwikíbv Dc vcb Kiv K vwkqv ii `vwqz I KZ e mkj cökvi jb `b hgb mâq msmön, g vwps dvû Ges FY Av`vb-cÖ`vb cöf wz KvR wbqg-bxwz Abymv i m cv`b Kiv mâq msmön Ges F Yi Z_ mevi cvk eb Z mwvkfv e wj L `Iqv Ges wba vwiz v b Abȳ ^vÿi cö`vb Kiv cöwz mfvq ` ji Avw_ K Ae vi weeiy gšwlkfv e Dc vcb Kiv 8

11 `jxq iwróvi I jrvi eb G Z_ msi Y Kiv KwgwUi m`m `i mnvqzvq e vswks Kvh µg m cv`b Kiv ` ji evwl K Avq-e q I jf vsk wnmve Kiv Ges m`m `i jf vsk cö`v bi e e v Kiv Kvh Kix m` m i `vwqz I KZ e mfvi wba vwiz w` bi c~ e mkj m`m `i mv _ hvmv hvm K i mfvi K_v iy Kwi q `Iqv mfvi vb I cö qvrbxq e e v wvk Av Q wk bv Zv wbwðz Kiv mfvcwz I mvaviy m cv`k K Kv R mnvqzv Kiv I Zv `i wb ` wkz KvR m cv`b Kiv Kv bv m`m mgm vq co j Zv mgvav bi Póv Kiv mvaviy m`m `i `vwqz I KZ e ` ji mfvq wbqwgz Dcw Z n q mfvi Kvh µ g AskMÖnY Kiv wbqwgz mâq, F Yi wkw Í I mevg~j cö`vb Kiv KwgwUi civgk Abyhvqx Drcv`bkxj Kvh µg MÖnY I ev Íevqb Kiv mâq/f Yi wkw Íi wnmve e w³mz cvk eb q wjwce KiY m c K wbwðz niqv cwipvjbv KwgwU K mnvqzv Kiv Ges Zv `i Kv Ri g~j vqb Kiv 6 ` ji mfv K) wbe vnx KwgwUi we epbv mv c cvw K ev gvwmk mfv Av qvrb Kiv n e L) mfvi aib: wzb ai bi mfv h_v- wbqwgz mfv, we kl mfv I evwl K mvaviy mfv AbywôZ n e 7 e vsk wnmve msµvší Kvh µg cwipvjbv ` ji Znwej h Kv bv Zdwmjx e vs K ` ji/mwgwzi bv g mâq wnmve Ly j Rgv ivl Z cvi eb cvkvcvwk wmgmwrõi m`m `i jb- `b I w wzi wnmve ivlvi D Ï k wmgmwrõi e vsk GKvD U Gi Rb GKwU LwZqvb eb e envi Ki Z n e wmgmwrõi Avw_ K jb ` bi ^ QZv Ges k sljvi Rb 2 Rb e w³i hš_ ^v ii gva g e vsk wnmve cwipvwjz n e h_vt K) cö_g ^v ikvix: Kg m~wp ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi GKRb cöwzwbwa, L) wøzxq ^v ikvix: wmgmwrõi mfvcwz ev mvaviy m úv`k ev wmgmwrõi K vwkqvi UvKv D Ëvj bi mgq ` ji/mwgwzi `yb-z Zxqvsk m` m i ^v i m ^wjz mfvi Kvh weeiyx Qvov GB wnmve _ K Kv bv A_ D Ëvjb Kiv hv e bv e vsk cvk eb me mgq nvjbvmv` ivl Z n e e vsk msµvší bw_cî ( PKeB, Rgv iwk`, cvkeb) wbivc` v b msi Y Ki Z n e Kv bv Ae v ZB Lvwj P K ^v i K i ivlv hv e bv KwgwU cwiez b n j ev e vsk ^v ikvix cwiez b Kivi cö qvrb n j ` ji mfvq iry jkb K i wba vwiz e vsk ^v ikvix Kv W bzzb ^v ikvixi bgybv ^v i w` q e vs K Rgv w` Z n e wbw` ó mgq AšÍi AšÍi (cöwz eqi Rvbyqvwi Ges Ryb gv m) ` ji e vsk GKvD Ui weeiyx msmön I msi Y Ki Z n e Ges evwl K mvaviy mfvq Zv Dc vcb Ki Z n e ` ji Znwej e vs K Rgv I D Ëvjb Ges wbqg-kvbyb cwipvjbv KwgwUmn mkj m`m `i AewnZ Ki Z n e 9

12 8 mâq K) mâ qi cwigvb wba viyt m`m `i mvg_ Abyhvqx `j gvwmk mâ qi cwigvy wba viy Ki e ` ji cö Z K m` m i wbqwgz mâ qi cwigvy GKB n e hgb- cö Z K m`m gvwmk mfvq 50 _ K 100 UvKv K i mâq Ki Z cv ib L) mâq MÖnYt mâq Rgv MÖnY Kivi ci K vwkqvi Rgvi cwigvy mswkøó m` m i cvk eb Z wjwce Ki eb, Zvici ZvwiLmn cvk eb Z ^v i Ki eb K vwkqvi D³ RgvK Z UvKvi cwigvy jrvi/lwzqvb eb Ges K vk/bm`vb eb Z Aek B wjwce Ki eb cö Z K m`m Zv `i ` ji K vwkqv ii KvQ _ K GKwU cvk eb msmön Ki eb K vwkqvi cvk eb Z RgvK Z mâ qi cwigvy wjwce K i ^v i Ki eb, Av`vq kx U Ges Av`vq iwróv i RgvKvix `i ^v i msmön Ki eb Ges RgvK Z mâ qi cwigvy I ZvwiL jrvi eb Z msi Y Ki eb mâq Av`v qi ciez x m e v P 3 (wzb) Kg w`e mi g a K vwkqvi Zv e vsk GKvD U Rgv Ki eb, e vs K UvKv Rgv `qvi iwk` msiÿy Ki eb Ges jrvi/lwzqvb eb G wjwce Ki eb cöwz eqi Qq gvm AšÍi AšÍi Rvbyqvwi Ges Ryb gv m mswkøó wmgmwrõi K vwkqvi m`m `i ikw ( iwróvi) Abymv i cvk eb wbixÿv Ki eb Ges ^v i Ki eb Iq vìwdkõgi mn hvmx ms vi gvv mnvqk GB cöwµqv cwiex Y Ki eb Ges mswkøó Ab vb Z_ vw` hvpvb Ki eb I cvkeb mz vwqz Ki eb cwipvjbv KwgwUi wm vší Abymv i m`m `i mâqk Z UvKv wmgmwrõi FY Kg m~wp Z Ab vb gybvdv AR bkvix Kvh µ g wewb qvm Ki Z n e cª Z K eq ii 30 k Ryb m`m `i mâ qi Dci wmgmwr e vsk cö`ë jf vsk cö`vb Ki e RyjvB gv mi g a m`m `i cvk eb q Zv `i jf vs ki UvKv wjwce Ki Z n e FY Kvh µg _ K AwR Z Avq A_ev e vs K Mw QZ UvKvi Av qi Dci wfwë K i m`m `i mâqk Z UvKvi Dci evwl K jf vs ki nvi wba viy Kiv h Z cv i M) mâq D Ëvjb h Kv bv m`m cwiev ii Riæwi Pvwn`v wguv bvi Rb Zvi mâqk Z UvKv D Ëvjb Ki Z cvi eb G Î F Yi mvwf m PvR Ges g vwps dv Ûi Aewkó (hw` _v K) cwigvy UvKv mgš^q K i KejgvÎ mâqk Z evkx UvKv D Ëvjb Ki Z cvi eb mâqk Z UvKv D Ëvj bi Rb m`m K mswkøó ` ji mfvcwz eivei GKwU Av e`bcî Rgv w` Z n e mvaviy m cv`k Ges K vwkqv ii Dcw wz Z wmgmwrõi mfvcwz Av e`bcî ch v jvpbv Ki eb mfvcwz KZ K Av e`bcî Aby gv` bi ciez x mvz w` bi g a K vwkqvi Av e`bkvix m`m K bm` ev P Ki gva g ikx`mn UvKv cö`vb Ki eb Ab w` K, hw` Kv bv m`m Zvi m`m c` _ K B Ídv `b ev c`z vm K ib, Zvn j c`z vmcî Rgv`v bi GKgvm ci wzwb Zvi mâ qi UvKv diz cv eb 10

13 hw` Kv bv m`m Zvi m`m c` _ K B Ídv `b ev c`z vm K ib, Zvn j wzwb mkj mâqk Z UvKv vqxfv e Zz j wb Z cvi eb Ges g vwps dv Ûi UvKv Kvbfv eb `vex Ki Z cvi eb bv G Î Zvi mgỳ q F Yi UvKv (hw` _v K) mâq D Ëvj bi mgq mgš^q Kiv n e hw` GKRb m`m hšw³k KviY Qvov 3 (wzb) gvm ev Zvi P q ewk mgq mâ qi UvKv Rgv bv `b Ges ` ji mfvq Abycw Z _v Kb, Zvn j wzwb S i cov m`m wn m e we ewpz n eb S i cov m` m i mâqk Z UvKv mfvq mkj m` m i gzvg Zi wfwë Z diz `qv h Z cv i hw` GKRb m`m wbqwgzfv e ` ji gvwmk mfvq AskMÖnY K ib wkš GKBfv e 3 (wzb) gvm ev Zvi P q ewk mgq a i gvwmk mâ qi UvKv Rgv bv K ib, Zvn j wzwbi S i cov m`m wn m e MY n eb hw` Kv bv m` m i g Zz nq, Zvn j wmgmwrõi wbqg Abymv i mswkøó m` m i bwgwb ev ea DËivwaKvix g Z m`m 'i mâqk Z Rgvi gvwjkvbv I Ab vb myweav fvm Ki Z cvi eb Ges mb cwiev i eq ii g a Kv bv bvix m`m _vk j wzwb g Z m`m 'i cwie Z bzzb m`m wn m e we ewpz n Z cvi eb 9 g vwps dvû/m c~ik Znwej m`m `i gvu mâq 25,000 UvKv Rgv niqvi ci cökí Abỳ vb wn m e D³ KwgDwbwU mâqx `j K GKKvjxb 25,000 UvKv cö`vb Kiv n e GB Abỳ vb ` ji m`m `i m c~ik Znwej/g vwps dvû wn m e `Iqv n e hv Zuviv GKK ev `jxqfv e wekí Avqea K Kvh µg cwipvjbvi Kv R wewb qvm Ki Z cvi eb KwgDwbwU mâqx ` ji GKvD U cökí Abỳ vb cö`v bi c~ e KwgDwbwU mâqx `j, Iqvì wdk Ges Gi ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi mv _ GKwU wî-cÿxq Pzw³ m úv`b Kiv n e Pzw³ Z GB Znwej e e vcbvi mkj c ÿi `vwqz Ges f~wgkv jv my-wbw` ó Kiv _vk e vbxq mikvi I grm Awa`ß ii cöwzwbwai Dcw wz Z wmgmwrõ Z Aby gvw`z g vwps dvû/m ú~ik Znwej cö`vb wbwðz Ki Z n e GKwU wîcÿxq Pzw³i bgybv ms hvrbx-2 G Dc vcb Kiv n q Q 10 mâqx ` ji FY Kg m~wp K) FY cö`vb m`m `i mâq Ges g vwps dv Ûi RgvK Z UvKvi wfwë Z wmgmwr m`m `i Rb Dchy³ wekí Avqea K Kvh µg (GAvBwRG) Gi Rb FY Kvh µg cwipvjbv Ki e FY c Z n j FY cöv_ x K Aek B ` ji m`m n Z n e Ges gvwmk mfvq Kgc 80% Dcw wz Ges 100% mâ qi wkw Í cwi kva _vk Z n e Ges cö ÍvweZ wewb qv Mi/e emvwqk cwikíbv Aek B KŠkjMZfv e Dchy³, Avw_ Kfv e ev Íem Z, mvgvwrkfv e MÖnY hvm Ges cwi ek m Z n Z n e FY MÖnxZvi FY cvk eb Ges mâq eb Aek B nvjbvmv` ivl Z n e Aek B wmgmwrõi wbqg Kvby bi mv _ m c ³ n Z n e Ges c~e ez x FY Ljvcx niqv hv ebv FY e U bi Î me v cÿv `wi`ª m`m `i AwaK iæz `qv n e Ges F Yi ÿ Î Ab vb gšwjk ˆewkó c~iy Kivi Rb Aek B mâqx ` ji (wmgmwrõi) m`m n Z n e Ges FYcÖvß UvKv Ab KvD K n ÍvšÍi bv K i wb R wewb qvm Ki Z n e hw` Znwej Ach vß nq m Î ^í gqv`x Avqea K Kvh µg (GAvBwRG) Gi Ici iæz `qv n e hv Z wba vwiz ^í Znwej e envi K i ekx msl K m`m K ^í mg q diz`vb cöwµqvq FY 11

14 `qv hvq mvaviyfv e wekí Avqea K Kvh µ gi Î hlv b Aí g~jab, Kg SzuwK Ges ewk gybvdvi my hvm Av Q mme ÿ Îi Ici iæz `qv n e hviv c~ e FY MÖnY K i bvb, ch vqµ g mme m`m `i cövavb `qv n e mv _ mv _ ciez x F Yi ÿ Î hviv c~e ez x FY mgqgz Ges m c~y fv e cwi kva K i Q Zv `i K cövavb `qv n e wmgmwrõi mkj m`m FY mn hvwmzv cviqvi ci Znwej _vkv mv c ÿ mvaviy mfvq m`m `i AbygwZ wb q wmgmwrõi AvIZvaxb MÖv gi Ab vb Bwjk msiÿy ` ji m`m `i K Znwej n Z wba vwiz mvwf m Pv R i wfwë Z FY `qv hv e F Yi m e v P gqv` n e 10 gvm Ges ^í gqv `i F Yi Ici cövavb `qv n e F Yi m e v P cwigvy KZ n e Zv wbf i Ki e wekí Avqea bkvix Kvh µ gi Ici Znwej Gi cwigvy, FY Av e`bkvixi GKK mâq, FY Av e`bkvixi msl v Ges wekí RxweKv Kvh µg cwipvjbvi Rb cö qvrbxq UvKvi cwigvy we epbv K i wmgmwr F Yi cwigvy wba viy Ki e G ÿ Î m` m i mvwe K Kj vy I gzvg Zi Dci kö vkxj _ K Kvh wbe vnx KwgwU wm vší MÖnY Ki e Z e m e v P msl K Av e`bkvix K mnvqzv cö`v bi ^v _ Aí wewb qvm hvm Kvh µg K AMÖvwaKvi `qv n e 1g av c ÿz`ª e emvi ( hgb Miæ cvjb, QvMj cvjb, nuvm-gyiwm cvjb, gyw` e emv, mewrpvl BZ vw`) Rb 3,000 _ K 5,000 UvKv wba viy Kiv h Z cv i wøzxq av c, F Yi A_ Av`vq I Znwej w wzi Dci wfwë K i AvbycvwZKnv i F Yi cwigvy evov bv h Z cv i, hgb ÿz`ª e emv I `jxq e emvi Rb 10,000 _ K 20,000 UvKv ch ší FY cö`vb Kiv h Z cv i FY MÖnxZviv Zv `i M nxz F Yi Rb 5-10% mvwf m PvR cö`vb Ki eb hv wmgmwrõi FY Kvh µg cwipvjbv I e e vcbv LiP enb Ges m`m `i mâ qi Dci 5% jf vsk cö`v b mnvqk n e wmgmwrõi evwl K mvaviy mfvi wm v šíi wfwë Z cö qvr b mvwf m Pv R i nvi c~ytwba viy Kiv n e L) FY Kvh µg e e vcbv wmgmwrõi cwipvjbv/wbe vnx KwgwU FY Kg m~wpi FY cö`vb I Av`vq Kvh µg m cv`b Ges FY my hvm e w i Rb 3 ev 5 m`m wewkó wb èiƒc FY g~j vqb KwgwU MVb Ki e - wmgmwrõi K vwkqvi (Kb fbi) - wmgmwrõi wbe vnx KwgwUi m`m (2 Rb) - GKRb wmgmwrõi AwfÁ mvaviy m`m - mswkøó cökí Kgx cwipvjbv KwgwU cö qvr b AwfÁ m`m `i wb q c _K FY g~j vqb KwgwUI MVb Ki Z cvi eb FY g~j vqb KwgwU wb œewy Z welqmg~n we epbv K i FY cö Íve cix v wbix v Ki e: - Pvwn`v/Drcvw`Z `ª e i evrvi - KvuPvgv ji AvÂwjK mnr cövc Zv/AvBwRGÕi g~ja bi wewb qvm - AvBwRG cixwÿz wkbv ev Gi Rb KvwiMwi mev MÖn Yi mnrjf Zv - FYMÖnxZvi cö qvrbxq ` Zv I AwfÁZv - AvBwRG cök íi D Ï k i m ½ m½wzc~y wkbv - FY MÖwnZvi we` gvb m ú` I A_ AvBwRGi Rb mvnvh Kvix Aej ^b wkbv 12

15 - evrmwik Avq I e q - cök íi g a hw` FY `vqe Zv _v K Zvn j wmgmwr FY g~j vqb, eivï weziy Ges F Yi cwigvy wba viy c~e K Av e`bkvix K cö`vb Ki e wmgmwrõi wbe vnx /cwipvjbv KwgwU FY Kvh µg myôfv e ev Íevq bi Rb 3-5 m`m wewkó Dc `óv KwgwU MVb Ki e hvi D Ïk n e FY Kg m~wpi mvwe K `Lvïbv Kiv Ges Ø Ø wbimb Kiv Dc `óv KwgwUi MVb n e wb èiƒc: K) mswkøó MÖv gi Bwjk msiÿy ` ji mfvcwz (2-4 Rb) L) Iqvì wdk Gi mn hvmx ms vi GjvKv mgš^qkvix wbku evwywr K e vsk wnmv ei gva g FY Kvh µg (weziy Ges Av`vq) cwipvjbv Kiv n e wmgmwrõi mvsmvwbk kw³, A_ e e vcbvi mvg_ Ges ` ji mykvmb BZ vw` we epbvq ^v i`vbkvix cöz vnvi Kivi civgk bv `qv ch ší wmgmwrõi mfvcwz Ges K vwkqvi/m úv`k Gi cvkvcvwk Iqvì wdkõgi mn hvmx ms vi GKRb `vwqz cövß Kg x K wmgmwr GKvD U Gi ^v i`vbkvix (eva Zvg~jK) Kiv n e Ges eva Zvg~jK ^v i`vbkvixi ^v i Qvov Kv bv e vsk jb- `b cwipvjbv Kiv hv e bv M) FY Aby gv`b cöwµqv FY MÖnY Ki Z AvMÖnx wmgmwrõi m`m K wba vwiz di g (ms hvrbx-4) e emvwqk cwikíbv mshy³ K i wmgmwr mfvcwz eivei Av e`b Ki Z n e FY cöv_ x K wmgmwrõi Kv Q M vivw Ui Rb Kv bv UvKv Rgv `qvi cö qvrb n ebv Z e ` ji Ab `ybrb m`m K mswkó m`m F Yi UvKv h_v mg q cwi kva Ki eb G g g wjwlz (FY Av e`b c Îi wbw` ó v b ^v i) wr v`vi n Z n e cöv_ xi mâq Ges FY cvk eb nvjbvmv` _vk Z n e Ges c~e ez x FY Gi wkw Ímn (hw` _v K) me evwk UvKv wmgmwrõi Kv Q cwi kva _vk Z n e wmgmwrõi gvwmk/we kl mfvq mfvcwz F Yi Rb Av e`bcî Dc vcb Ki eb Zvici mfvi wm vší Abymv i wmgmwrõi wbev nx KwgwU FY g~j vqb KwgwUi AvnŸvqK Gi Kv Q Av e`bcî (e emvi cwikíbvmn) cvwv q w` e FY g~j vqb KwgwU 3 (wzb) w` bi g a Av e`bcî Ges e emvi cwikíbv hvpvb Ki e I FY cö`v bi Rb mycvwik K i Av e`bcî wbev nx KwgwUi wbku Rgv w` e FY g~j vqb KwgwUi mycvwik Abyhvqx wmgmwrõi wbe vnx KwgwU Aby gv`bk Z FY Aby gv`b ciez x 05 Kg w`e mi g a P Ki gva g cö`vb Ki e vbxq mikvi I grm Awa`ß ii cöwzwbwai Dcw wz Z Aby gv`bk Z FY weziy wbwðz Kiv h Z cv i FY MÖnxZv ev Zvi g bvbxz cöwzwbwa iwk ` mb ev e vs wji Qvc w` q wmgmwrõi K vwkqv ii KvQ _ K PK MÖnY Ki eb Ges njdbvgv ev A½xKvibvgv Z (mshyw³-7) ^vÿi ev e vs wji Qvc _vk e hlv b F Yi cwigvy, cwi kv ai m~wp (wmwwdj), kz Ges FY MÖnxZv I wr v`vi `i bvg I wvkvbv _vk e 13

16 K vwkqvi F Yi Rb Av e`bcî Ges Aby gv`bk Z Av e`bc Îi mv _ m ú ³ me ai bi Z_ vw` wbivcëvi mv _ cö Z K FY Av e`bkvixi bv g c _K c _K bw_ msiÿy Ki eb ZvQvovI mkj FY Av`vb cö`vb, wkw Í cwi kva BZ vw`i ikw cî mgqgz I wbqwgz msiÿy Ki Z n e (Aby gv`bk Z F Yi cögvy, njdbvgv/a½xkvibvgv, LwZqvb eb, PK Bmÿ iwr vi BZ vw`) N) FY Av`vq cöwµqv FY Av`v qi mgqm~wp wbf i Ki e h ai bi wekí Avqea K Kv Ri Rb FY `qv n q Q Zvi Dci mvaviyfv e, F Yi wkw Í gvwmk/cvw K wfwë Z Av`vq Kiv n e Z e cö_g wkw Íi Av M Avqea K Kv Ri aib Abyhvqx wkqz mgq `qv n e m Î Fb wezi bi 1 gvm ci 1g wkw Í ïiæ n e Z e cökí Abyhvqx F Yi MÖm wcwiqw wewfbœ ikg n Z cv i hgb mvßvwnk/ cvw K/ gvwmk/ lvb vwmk F Yi Pzw³ Z D jwlz mgqm~wp gvzv ek FYMÖnxZv FY cwi kva Ki e FY MÖnxZv mswkøó ` ji K vwkqv ii Kv Q wkw Í cwi kva Ki eb Ges K vwkqvi Zvi cvk eb q UvKvi cwigvy wjwce Ki eb I ^vÿi Ki eb hw` FY myweav MÖnYKvix F Yi UvKv e envi Ki Z AcviM nq ev e emvwqk cwikíbvq D jøwlz Kvh µ g UvKv wewb qvm Ki Z AcviM nq, m Î mswkøó m`m Ges Zvi mv xmy Revew`wn Ki eb hw` FY myweav MÖnYKvix wba vwiz gqv `i g a F Yi wkw Í cwi kva Ki Z bv cv i ZLb Zv K mywbw` ófv e wkw Í cwi kv ai ZvwiL D jøl K i F Yi wkw Í cwi kv ai mgq evov bvi Rb wmgmwrõi mfvcwzi eive i Aby ivac~e K Av e`b Ki Z n e hw` Av e`bcî wmgmwrõi mfvcwz KZ K Aby gv`b bv cvq Ges FY MÖnYKvix F Yi wkw Í wba vwiz mg qi g a cwi kva Ki Z bv cv i Z e D³ m`m FY Ljvcx wn m e wpwýz n e wmgmwrõi K vwkqvi Av`vqK Z wkw Í (cwi kvak Z FY) GKvD U (e vs K) Av`v qi 3 (wzb) Kvh w`e mi g a Rgv Ki eb Ges FY Av`v qi mkj bw_cî nvjbvmv` Ki eb ` ji Kv bv m`m hw` FY cwi kva Ki Z bv cv ib ev 3 gvm hver gvwmk mâq Rgv bv K ib, Zvn j GK gvm mgq w` q mkj e Kqv FY I mâ qi UvKv GKmv _ cwi kva Kivi Rb bvwuk `qv n e whwb D³ mg qi g a mkj e Kqv UvKv cwi kva Ki Z Aÿg n eb Zvi mâq _ K e Kqv UvKv mgš^q Kiv n e hw` Zvi mâ qi UvKv e Kqv UvKvi P q Kg nq Zvn j D³ FYMÖnxZvi wr v`vi `i mâq _ K Zvi e Kqv UvKv mgš^q Kiv n e O) Ø Ø wbimb cöwµqv wmgmwrõi Kv bv m`m Zvi mâq ev F Yi wkw Í cwi kv ai e vcv i Kv bv iƒc Awf hvm DÌvcb Ki j wzwb wbe vnx KwgwU eivei Awf hvm `v qi Ki Z cvi eb Ges wbe vnx KwgwU GB wel q D³ m`m Ges Ab vb mswkøó e vw³e M i mv _ Av jvpbv Ki e Ges wmgmwrõi bxwzgvjv I wbqg-kvbyb Abymv i D³ Ø Ø wbimb Ki e hw` wmgmwrõi wbe vnx KwgwU Kv bv m`m i Kv bv Ø Øi MÖnY hvm mgvavb Ki Z AcviM nq, Zvn j welqwu mgvav bi Rb wmgmwrõi Dc `ôv KwgwU eivei ck Ki Z n e Ges D³ Ø Ø wel q Dc `ôv KwgwUi wm vší PzovšÍ e j MY n e 14

17 ms hvrbx-2 Gbn výw& Kv vj wdkvwir Bb evsjv `k (B Kvwdk-evsjv `k) cök íi Bwjk-wbf i ` ji grm Rxex cwiev ii m`m `i wb q MwVZ grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwzi N~Yv qgvb mâq I FY Znwej e e vcbvi Rb cökí KZ K cö`ë g vwps dv Û A_ vq bi wîc xq Pyw³ Pyw³cÎ A`... Zvwi L... ( v b) wb P D jøwlz wzb c i g a g vwps dv Ûi A_ vqb Pzw³ ^v wiz nj: 1 Iqvì wdk-evsjv `k, evox bs-22 we, ivw bs-7, eøk-gd, ebvbx, XvKv-1213 (1g c ) grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz, BDwbqb , Dc Rjv , Rjv (2q c ) 3 B Kvwdk ev ÍevqbKvix ms v (wmgbavigm/ Kv WK/ Kvó Uªvó) (3q c ) MYcÖRvZš x evsjv `k mikv ii grm I cövwym ú` gš Yvj qi AvIZvaxb grm Awa`ßi ÒGbn výw& Kv vj wdkvwir Bb evsjv `k (B Kvwdk-evsjv `k)ó cökíwu ev Íevq bi D ` vm wb q Q cökíwui A_ vqb Ki Q BDGmGAvBwW Ges ev Íevq b wb qvwrz Av Q Iqvì wdk Ges grm Awa`ßi gvv ch v q cökíwui ev Íevqb Ki Q RvZxq ch v qi emikvwi ms v wmgbavigm, Kv WK I Kvó Uªvó cök íi bvbv Kg Kv Ûi g a Ab Zg GKwU n Q Bwjk m ú `i Dci wbf ikxj grm Rxex cwiev ii Rb wekí Kg ms v bi my hvm m wó Kiv Ges grm Rxex cwiev ii bvix m` m i Av_- mvgvwrk Ae vi Dbœqb NUv bv G j ÿ B Kvwdk-evsjv `k cökíwu `wi`ª grm Rxex cwiev ii gwnjv `i wb q cökíf~³ cöwzwu MÖv g KwgDwbwU mâqx `j (wmgmwr) MVb K i Q GZØviv, 1g c ÿi m wzµ g 3q cÿ, 2q c K Abỳ vb ^iƒc ÒGbn vý&w Kvóvj wdkvwir Bb evsjv `k (B Kvwdk- evsjv `k) cökíó n Z KwgDwbwU mâqx `j (wmgmwr) Gi RgvK Z mâ qi cwigvy 25000/= UvKv (K_vqt cuwpk nvrvi UvKv gvî) niqv mv c ÿ g vwps dvû wnmv e 25000/= UvKv (K_vqt cuwpk nvrvi UvKv gvî) cö`v b m wz Ávcb Ki Q Ges 2q c mb Abỳ vb wb gœv³ kz vejx Abymv i e envi I cwipvjbvq m wz Ávcb Ki Q t 1 1g cÿ mnvqzv wn m e 2q cÿ K 3q c ÿi gva g N~Y vqgvy mâq I FY Znwej eve` GB Abỳ vb w` e wb œwjwlz wbqgvejx I kz vw` mv c ÿ, 2q cÿ D³ Znwe ji mgỳ q A _ i (1g cÿ n Z cövß Abỳ vbmn) wbi¼zk I vqx gvwjkvbv cövß n e 2 2q c, 1g c n Z cªvß Abỳ vb 1g cÿ Øviv Aby gvw`z bxwzgvjv Abymv i e envi I cwipvjbv Ki e 3 cövß Abỳ vb, 2q c K bxwzgvjvq D jøwlz wbwl Kg Kv Ûi ZvwjKv ewnf~ Z KejgvÎ wekí Avqea K Kvh µ gi D Ï k `qv n e 15

18 4 D³ Abỳ vb 2q c i evsjv `k mikvi KZ K Aby gvw`z GKwU wbw` ó Ôe vsk wnmveõ _ K cwipvjbv Ki Z n e Abỳ v bi 25,000/= UvKv (K_vqt cuwpk nvrvi UvKv gvî) 1g cÿ 3q c ÿi gva g 2q c ÿi e vsk wnmv e cö`vb Ki e 5 3q c i (B Kvwdk-evsjv `k cökí, Iqvì wdk evsjv ` ki Askx`vi ms v wmgbavigm/ Kv WK/ Kvó Uªvó) 1Rb g bvbxz cöwzwbwa 2q c i e vsk wnmv ei eva Zvg~jK ^v ikvix wn m e KvR Ki eb 6 1g c 2q cÿ I 3q c ÿi gva g g vwps dvû/m ú~ik Znwej Ges FY cö`v bi ÿ Î Aek B vbxq mikvi I grm Awa`ß ii cöwzwbwai Dcw wz Z Znwej I FY cö`vb wbwðz Ki e 7 2q c, 3q c ÿi mnvqzvq h_vh_fv e mkj cªkvi Avw_ K jb ` bi wnmve msi Y Ki e Ges Gi wnmve GKwU wbeübfz³ AwWU ms v Øviv cöwzeqi wbix v Kiv e A_ev 3q c K cªwz A_ eq ii k l Abyiƒc wbix vi AbygwZ w` e 8 2q c cök íi c~y gqv`kv j 1g cÿ I 3q cÿ Ges ciez x Z vbxq grm Awa`ß ii wbku cªwz wzb gv mi k l ciez x 15 w` bi g a mâq I FY msµvší ˆÎgvwmK Avw_ K cªwz e`b Rgv w` e 9 1g c I 3q cÿ grm Awa`ß ii mvwe K mn hvwmzvq, 2q c i Awdm Ges Ab vb Kvh µg wbqwgzfv e cwi`k b Ki e mb mv _ Gi Abỳ v b cwipvwjz wekí Avqe w g~jk Kg KvÛ cwi`k b, mâq wnmve I Gi mv _ RwoZ Ab vb `wjjcî wbqwgzfv e cwiex Y Ki e cök íi gqv` k l grm Awa`ßi GB msµvší Kvh vejx Ae vnz ivl e 10 1g c I 3q cÿ, 2q c i mâq I FY wnmv ei Dci h Kv bv mgq we kl cwiex Y Kivi AwaKvi iv L Ges GB AwaKvi cökí PjvKvjxb ch ší Kvh Ki _vk e 11 Kv bvµ g wbix vi mgq hw` Kvb ai bi Avw_ K Am½wZ kbv³ nq, Z e 1g c I 3q cÿ 2q c i mv _ Kiv Pzw³i gqv` c~y nevi c~ e B Pzw³ evwzj Kivi AwaKvi iv L Ges G Î 2q c 1g cÿ A_ev 3q c K cªkí Abỳ v bi mg Í A_ diz w` Z eva _vk e 12 2q c I Pyw³i gqv` c~y nevi c~ e, 1g I 3q c i mv _ mn hvwmzv I Pzw³ evwz ji AwaKvi iv L GB ÿ Î Pzw³ evwz ji 2 gv mi g a Zviv (2q c ) 1g c K Pzw³ gvzv ek Znwej _ K M nxz cökí Abỳ v bi mgỳ q A_ diz w` Z eva _vk e 13 GB Pzw³ mkj c i cªwzwbwa `i ^v ii w`b _ K Kvh Ki n e Ges cªkíkvjxb mgq ch ší ˆea _vk e 16

19 Iqvì wdk-evsjv `k Gi grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy ev ÍevqbKvix ms v c : mwgwzi c : wmgbavigm/ Kv WK/ Kvó Uªvó c : ^v i : ^v i : ^v i : bvg : bvg : bvg : c`ex : mfvcwz c`ex : cö R± Kv-AwW bui/ wdì c`ex: nw Ae wdb vý GÛ Kv-AwW bui Acv ikb/wug wjwvi/ RÛvi ckvwjó/ wimvp G mvwm qu ZvwiL : ZvwiL : ZvwiL: mvÿx-1: (grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwzi c )t mvÿx-2:( vbxq mikvi cöwzwbwa)t ^v i : ^v i : bvg : bvg : c`ex : m úv`k/ K vwkqvi c`ex: BDwbqb cwil` Pqvig vb/ g ^vi ZvwiL : ZvwiL: cöwz ^v ikvix: (grm Awa`ßi cöwzwbwa) ^v i : bvg : c`ex: Rjv grm Kg KZ v / D Zb Dc Rjv grm Kg KZ v /Dc Rjv grm Kg KZ v ZvwiL : 17

20 ms hvrbx-3 mâq I FY mn hvwmzvi Rb wbwl (Abychy³) Kvh µ gi ZvwjKv 1. `j ewn fzz Kv bv e w³ K FY `qv hv e bv 2. bkv `ª e i e emv ev me bi Rb FY `qv hv e bv 3. Ryqv Ljv ev AmvgvwRK Kv Ri Rb FY `qv hv e bv 4. Kv i U ev wbwl Rvj µq ev ˆZixi Rb FY `qv hv e bv 5. b`x _ K RvUKv a i wewµ Kivi e emvi Rb FY `qv hv e bv 6. hšzzk `qvi Rb FY `qv hv e bv 7. cöpwjz AvB b Ab vb wbwl Kv bv Kv R FY `qv hv e bv 8. Ab h Kv bv Kvh µg hv evsjv ` ki AvBbvbymv i wbwl ev evsjv `k mikvi KZ K Abyt ^vÿwiz AvšÍR vwzk Kb fkb Abymv i wbwl 18

21 eivei, mfvcwz ms hvrbx-4 FY Av e`b dig grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz MÖvg : BDwbqb : Dc Rjv : Rjv : Rbve, Avwg wb è ^v ikvix Rbvev , ^vgx/wczv: , m`m bs lvbv bs aî Av e` bi mv _ mshy³ Avqea K Kvh µg/e emvq wewb qv Mi wbwg Ë UvKv (K_vq: ) F Yi Rb Av e`b KiwQ Avwg wmgmwrõi bxwz Ges e emvwqk cwikíbvq h m~wp `qv Av Q mb Abymv i FY cwi kv ai Rb kc_ KiwQ wmgmwri bxwz Abymv i wekí RxweKvqb Kg Kv Û Avgvi F Yi UvKvi mwvk e envi Ki ev ^vÿit ZvwiLt wr v`vbkvixm Yi kc_bvgv Avgiv, wb è ^v ikvixøq grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwzi m`m Rbvev Gi cö ÍvweZ FY Aby gv` bi Rb mycvwik KiwQ Ges hw` D³ m`m FY cwi kva Ki Z Aÿg nq Zvn j D³ m`m i Abv`vqx UvKvi mgcwigvy A_ ` j Avgv `i wbr ^ RgvK Z mâq n Z mgš^q Kivi Rb wmgmwr K AbygwZ cö`vb KiwQ wr v`vbkvix-1 ^v i bvg m`m bs c`ex wvkvbv wr v`vbkvix-2 ^v i bvg m`m bs c`ex wvkvbv FY g~j vqb KwgwUi Avnevq Ki ^v imn gšíe wmgmwrõi mvaviy m cv` Ki ^v imn gšíe wmgmwrõi mfvcwzi ^v imn gšíe mn hvmx ms vi gvv Kg xi ^v imn gšíe 19

22 ms hvrbx -5 GAvBwRG/e emvwqk cwikíbvi bgybv Rbve: m`m bs lvbv bs wvkvbv: ïiæi g~jab (UvKv) AbygvbK Z cök Z Avq GAvBwRG/e emvi ey bv wbr ^ AviGmGjGd (UvKv) g~jab GAvBwRG/e emvi bvg/aib e emvi j/cwigvc (GjvKv, Drcv`b j gvîv BZ vw`) cö qvrbxq DcKiY - Rwg - DcKiY K) L) M) N) O) - UvKv gqv`kvj/aekvkkvjxb mgq gvm 1: gvm 2: gvm 3: gvm 4: gvm 5: gvm 6: gvm 7: gvm 8: gvm 9: gvm 10: gvm 11: gvm 12: gvu: m ve cwi kva m~wp AvbygvwbK Drcv`b/ diz K) L) M) (cwigvy g~j ) ^v i/wucmb: gšíe /mycvwik: 20 ZvwiL:

23 ms hvrbx-6 wmgmwrõi mâq Ges FY Kg m~wpi Rb LwZqvb eb Gi bg~bv wmgmwrõi bvg: grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz MÖvg: BDwbqb: Dc Rjv: Rjv: LwZqvb eb wnmv ei bvg: wnmv ei bvg: ZvwiL weeiy cîvsk LiP Rgv Aewkó UvKv c. UvKv c. UvKv c. ZvwiL weeiy cîvsk LiP Rgv Aewkó UvKv c. UvKv c. UvKv c. gvu gvu 21

24 ms hvrbx -7 F Yi njdbvgv/ A½xKvibvgv GB GKc xq Pzw³cÎwU / / Bs Zvwi L ^v wiz nq A½xKviKvix, Rbvev: , Gi x/kb v, MÖvg: , WvKNi: , BDwbqb: , Dc Rjv: , Rjv: , RvZxq cwipqcî bs: (1g c ) cöwz, 1g c i mfvcwz, grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz, MÖvg: , WvKNi: , BDwbqb: , Dc Rjv: , Rjv: (2q c ) hlv b 1. Avwg (1g c ) GKRb grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwzi m`m ; Ges 2. Avwg 2q c i AskMÖnYg~jK N~Y vqgvb mâq I FY Znwej _ K Avgvi FY Av e` b cö ÍvweZ wekí Avqea K Kvh µ g wewb qv Mi Rb UvKv (As K) (K_vq: UvKv gvî) FY wb qwq; Ges 3. Avwg 1g c, mâq Ges FY bxwzgvjv Abymv i wmgmwrõi FY `qvi wb èv³ kz Ges wbqgmg~n Avgv K hfv e e vl v Kiv n q Q Zv eys Z c iwq I Zv Z m Z n qwq AZGe, GB Pzw³ I mv xe ` wb èiƒc: Avwg Rbve/Rbvev wb èv³ mvÿx I Avgvi wr v`vi `i m y L AÎ njdbvgvq/ A½xKvibvgvq Avgvi bvgmn ^vÿi /wucmwn w` q wb Pi kz mg~n g b Pjvi Iqv`v KiwQ 1. Avwg Avgvi F Yi UvKv ïaygvî FY Av e` bi mv _ mshy³ e emvwqk cwikíbvq D jøwlz wekí Avqea K Kvh µ g ev e emvi Rb e envi Kie 2. Avwg FY MÖn Yi w`b/gvm AwZevwnZ niqvi ci _ K M nxz FY ev g~j UvKvi Dci ---- (%) mvwf m PvR mn gvwmk (As K) UvKv (K_vq ) UvKv nv i m e v P gv mi g a me gvu (As K) UvKv (K_vq ) UvKv cwi kva Kie 3. hw` Kvb Î Avwg wbw` ó mg qi g a FY cwi kva Ki Z bv cvwi Z e 2q c Avgvi Ges Avgvi wr v`vbkvixi gva g 2q c i Kv Q iwÿz mâ qi UvKv n Z Avgvi F Yi UvKv Av`vq Kivi gzv iv L 4. hw` Kvb Î Avwg F Yi UvKv FY Avv e` bi mv _ mshy³ e emvwqk cwikíbvq D jøwlz Kv R e envi bv Kwi A_ev Ab Kvb Kv R e envi Kwi Zvn j F Yi UvKvi mgỳ q mỳ mn m ú~y UvKv 2q c ÿi `qv GKgv mi g a diz w` Z eva _vwke FY MÖnxZvi ^vÿi/wucmb: mfvcwzi ^vÿi t mv x-1 mv x-2 ^vÿi : ^vÿi : bvg : bvg : wczv/ ^vgxi bvg : wczv/ ^vgxi bvg : MÖvg : MÖvg : BDwbqb : BDwbqb : Dc Rjv : Dc Rjv : Rjv : Rjv : RvZxq cwipqcî bs RvZxq cwipqcî bs

25 ms hvrbx-8 wmgmwrõi mâq Ges FY Kg m~wpi Rb bm`vb ewni bgybv/ Ug cøu bm`vb ewn Rgv gvm e q ZvwiL iwk` bs weeib cîvsk bm` e vsk gvu UvKv ZvwiL iwk` bs weeib cîvsk bm` e vsk gvu UvKv UvKv ct UvKv ct UvKv ct UvKv ct UvKv ct UvKv ct ms hvrbx-9 PK Bm y iwr v ii bgybv/ Ug cøu wmgmwrõi bvg: grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz MÖvg: BDwbqb: Dc Rjv: Rjv: µwgk cö wzi PK P Ki MÖnbKvixi bvg P Ki UvKvi mb PK Rgvi gšíe bs ZvwiL bs weeiy aib cwigvy ZvwiL/ vb ev ÍevqbKvix ms vi mfvcwz/ mvaviy (wmgbavigm/ Kv WK/ Kvó m úv`k/ K vwkqvi Uªvó) cöwzwbwa 23

26 ms hvrbx - 10 mâqx ` ji cöwz e`b dig wmgmwrõi bvg: grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz MÖvg: BDwbqb: Dc Rjv: Rjv: cöwz e`b Rgv`v bi mgqt AskMÖnYg~jK mâq/g vwps dvû ïiæi ZvwiL ZvwiL ch ší mâq / g vwps dvû Gi cwigvy (UvKv) K) AskMÖnYKvixi mâq L) cökí _ K Abỳ vb M) mvwf m PvR /mỳ (e vsk mỳ mn) _ K Avq cökí AskMÖnbKvixi msl v (cwievi) FY MÖnYKvix AskMÖnYKvixi msl v 31 ww m ^i 2016 ch ší weziyk Z gvu F Yi cwigvy (UvKv) mvwf m PvR (nvi)... ch ší e Kqv F bi cwigvb 31 ww m ^i 2016 ch ší Av`v qi nvi K) m~wp Abymv i FY MÖnbKvixi F Yi wkw Í cwi kva Gi kzkiv nvi (%) L) AvswkK FYx (wwdëvi) (%) M) m c~y FYx (wwdëvi) (%) 31 ww m ^i 2016 ch ší gvu F Yi cwigvy (UvKv) e vs K Rgvi cwigvy (cökí Abỳ vb I AskMÖnYKvixi mâq) (UvKv) nv Z bm` hgb - wbe vnx KwgwUi nv Z bm` (UvKv) g vwps dvû/znwej _ K vqx e q/lip AR b (cwipvjbv e q) cö ZKvixi ^v i hvpvbkvixi ^v i Aby gv`bkvixi ^v i K vwkqvi gvv Kg x mfvcwz grm Rxex B Kvwdk grm Rxex gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz ZvwiL: gwnjv Kj vy mwgwz ZvwiL: ZvwiL: 24

27 d Uv: gvnv ` mvnive nv mb

28 d Uv: gv: gvnveyeyi ingvb USAID Disclaimer : "This Book is made through support provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents and opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Agency for International Development or the United States Government." dvb : , d v : (+880-2) USAID Av gwikvi RbM Yi cÿ _ K