FINAL EXAM REVIEW SNC1P/1D. Ecology. The final exam will consist of: Multiple choice questions True or False Questions Matching Short Answer Diagrams

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1 FINAL EXAM REVIEW SNC1P/1D The final exam will consist of: Multiple choice questions True or False Questions Matching Short Answer Diagrams Equal emphasis will be placed on the 4 units of study. Ecology 1. Ecology 2. Ecosystem 3. Biotic 4. Abiotic 5. Scavenger 6. Decomposer 7. Producer 8. Consumer 9. Herbivore 10. Carnivore 11. Omnivore 12. Sustainability 13. Ecological footprint 14. Ecological pyramid 15. Photosynthesis 16. Cellular respiration 17. Biome 18. Limiting factor 19. Tolerance range 20. Carrying capacity 21. Predation 22. Symbiosis 23. Biodiversity 24. Ecological equilibrium 25. Invasive species 26. Fertilizers 27. Pesticides 28. Bioaccumulation 1. Explain how the Earth s 4 spheres interact with each other. Why is each sphere important to us, as humans? 2. How are ecosystems organized? 3. What are ways that people can live more sustainably? Provide 5 examples that would be easy to apply to your life & 3 that would take more time & effort. 4. Compare photosynthesis & cellular respiration in regards to where it happens, starting reactants, end products, & what organisms use these processes. 5. How is an ecological pyramid organized? Which group is always on the bottom? Which group is always on the top? Provide examples of each level. How is energy lost in an ecological pyramid? 6. What is a food chain? What is a food web? Provide examples in different locations (example: forest, lake, ocean, rainforest, etc.). 7. What would happen to an ecosystem with relatively few species if one of them was removed? How would this differ from an ecosystem with lots of species?

2 8. Name the major components of the biogeochemical cycles. How do humans interfere with each? 9. The biomes of Canada can you identify the locations on a map? Ensure you know the distinguishable features of each (i.e. wettest, driest, warmest, coldest, soil conditions, vegetation, animals, biodiversity). 10. If given data, could you draw a climatograph? Could you read one & answer questions? 11. Can a carrying capacity of an ecosystem change? Explain. 12. Give an example of each of the following species-species interactions: competition, predation, mutualism, commensalism & parasitism. 13. Is predation a good thing? How do predator/prey relationships make species stronger? Explain. 14. Is biodiversity the same everywhere? Why is biodiversity important? What affects biodiversity? Explain. 15. How does the ecological equilibrium vary between large & small ecosystems? 16. What are the different classifications of species at risk? Define & provide examples of each. How do species become at risk? 17. Why are invasive species a problem? How can we control invasive species? Provide examples of invasive species in Canada. 18. What are some benefits of ecosystems to humans? 19. How do humans impact ecosystems (terrestrial & aquatic)? Describe the impacts of fertilizers, pesticides & pollution on ecosystems. Chemistry 1. Matter 2. Mixtures 3. Pure substances 4. Solutions (solute & solvent) 5. physical & chemical property 6. Physical & chemical change 7. Density 8. Atom 9. Molecule 10. Atomic mass 11. Atomic number 12. Ion 13. Ionic compound 14. Molecular compound 15. Isotopes 1. Ensure you know the WHMIS safety symbols. 2. Provide an example of something that is matter & something that is not. 3. What are the 3 states that matter can be found in? What are the changes of state between the 3? 4. What are the 2 groups that we can classify all matter into? 5. How are mixtures & substances divided? Provide examples for each. 6. What is the difference between a physical & a chemical property of matter? Provide examples of each. 7. What is the difference between a physical & a chemical property of change? Provide examples of each. 8. List the 6 ways you can tell a chemical change occurred. 9. What is the formula for density? Can you calculate the density, mass & volume of an object? 10. How do we test for the 3 colorless, odorless gases (carbon dioxide, hydrogen & oxygen)? 11. How are atoms arranged on the modern periodic table? 12. What are the different types of atoms on the periodic tables & describe their properties. 13. What are the different groups of elements on the periodic table & describe their properties. 14. What are the 3 parts of an atom? What is the location & charge of each part?

3 15. How do you determine the atomic number & atomic mass of an element? 16. What was the contribution to science by the following scientists: John Dalton, JJ Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, Niels Bohr, Dmitri Mendelev? 17. What is the difference between anions & cations? 18. What is the difference between an element, diatomic element, ionic compound & a molecular compound? 19. How do both types of compounds (ionic & molecular) form (between metals, non-metals, metalloids)? What is the bond called that bonds each? 20. Can you draw Bohr-Rutherford diagrams & ions for elements? (i.e. magnesium, fluorine, oxygen) 21. If given a compound, can you decipher how many atoms of each element are present & the type of compound? (i.e. MgF 2, PO 4 ) 22. Can you draw hook & ball diagrams to combine elements? (i.e. aluminum & oxygen, calcium & sulfur) Electricity 1. Electrostatics 2. Static & current electricity 3. Electrostatics series 4. Electroscope & pith ball 5. Induction 6. Insulators 7. Conductors 8. Source, control device, load & connectors 9. Open & closed circuit 10. Current 11. Voltage 12. Resistance 13. Ohm s law 14. Series circuit 15. Parallel circuit 16. Wet & dry cell 17. Primary & secondary cell 18. Fuel cells 19. Renewable & non-renewable energy source 20. Phantom load 21. Efficiency 1. Where might you experience static electricity? 2. How do materials become positively or negatively charged? 3. What are the law of electrostatic charges? 4. What are the 3 ways to charge an object? How do you charge an item by these methods? 5. Using diagrams, describe the movement of charges in an electroscope or pith ball when charging an object by contact. 6. List some dangers of static electricity. 7. Why do you discharge an electrical object? How do you do this? 8. Using diagrams show how to induce a temporary & a permanent charge on an object by induction. 9. What is the difference between insulators & conductors? Provide examples of each. 10. What is the difference between static & current electricity? 11. What is the function of the following devices source, load, connector, control device? Provide an example for each. Draw the corresponding circuit symbols. 12. Define current. What unit is it measured in? How is it measured? Can you read an ammeter? 13. Define voltage. What unit is it measured in? How is it measured? Can you read a voltmeter? 14. What was the contribution to science by the following scientists: Georg Ohm, Allesandro Volta? 15. What is the difference between a series & a parallel circuit? 16. Why are resistors used in many electrical devices? List the factors that affect resistance. 17. What is the formula for Ohm s Law? Can you use it to calculate voltage, current & resistance?

4 18. How does current & voltage vary in a series & parallel circuit? 19. What is the difference between a wet & a dry cell? Provide examples of each. 20. What is the difference between a primary & a secondary cell? Provide examples of each. 21. How do fuel cells work? 22. Name 6 safety devices in your home that make circuits safe. 23. How does a fuse & circuit breaker work? What happens when a fuse blows or breaker trips? 24. What is the purpose of a ground wire? 25. What is a GFI outlet? Where are they required to be in your home? 26. What sources of energy are used to generate electrical energy in Ontario? 27. What is the difference between renewable & non-renewable energy sources? Provide examples of each. 28. How are smart meters different than older style meters? What does time-of-use mean? 29. What is the difference between EnerGuide & Energy Star labels? 30. How can we lessen the effects of phantom loads? 31. What is efficiency a measure of? What is the formula used to measure it? 32. How do we calculate power? 33. What is the formula used to calculate the total cost to run an electrical device? Astronomy 1. Cosmology 2. Big bang theory 3. Constellation 4. Circumpolar stars 5. Universe 6. Solar system 7. Galaxy 8. Astronomical unit 9. Light year 10. Sunspots 11. Solar flares 12. Solar wind 13. Aurora 14. Nebula 15. Luminosity 16. Absolute magnitude 17. Apparent magnitude 18. Satellite 19. Eclipse 20. Tide 21. Seasons 22. Revolution 23. Rotation 24. Equinox 25. Asteroid 26. Meteor 27. Comet 28. Planet 1. Explain the theory of how the universe was created including when & how. Why would someone oppose this idea? 2. Describe our solar system when & how it originated, what is in it? 3. Name the ways that astronomers measure distances in space. Why do they use these methods? 4. Describe the make-up of the sun including the layers & what occurs on the surface & how the sun impacts Earth.

5 5. How does a star form? What is the life cycle of stars? What does the life cycle depend on? What type of star is our sun? 6. What are the characteristics that we study in stars? How are they connected? 7. What is the temperature range for stars? Which are the hottest? Which are the coolest? What else can the color of a star represent? Explain. 8. Name the circumpolar stars. Provide examples of constellations visible in the 4 seasons (be able to identify them by diagram). 9. Why do auroras happen? Where do they occur mostly? 10. List & describe the noticeable features on the lunar surface. Why is the moon covered in craters? 11. Is the moon luminous? What is moonlight? How do we see the moon? 12. How do the moon & the sun together Impact the Earth? 13. List the phases of the moon & know the order & be able to draw/identify pictures of the different phases. 14. Why do eclipses occur? What are the 2 types? Know the difference between them. 15. Describe the Earth s rotation including the direction, length of rotation, tilt of the axis, daylight & nighttime. 16. Why do we have time zones? Can you use information to figure out the different times in Canada? Which way do you travel to gain time? 17. What does Earth s revolution around the sun determine? What path does it take? Can you distinguish which season is occurring from a diagram? 18. Can you name the planets in our solar system in order? What are the inner planets called? What are the outer planets called? What do they have in common? Name 2 important & distinguishable features for each other the planets. 19. What was the contribution to science by the following scientists: Hertzspurg-Russell, Galileo? 20. Describe how living in space is so much different than here on Earth use eating, sleeping & going to the washroom as examples.