Aneta Prijić Poluprovodničke komponente

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Aneta Prijić Poluprovodničke komponente"

Transcription

1 Aneta Prijić Poluprovodničke komponente Modul Elektronske komponente i mikrosistemi (IV semestar) Studijski program: Elektrotehnika i računarstvo Broj ESPB: 6

2 Bipolarni tranzistori BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor) Otkriveni godine Troslojna struktura sastavljena od 2 n i 1 p oblasti (NPN tranzistor) ili 2 p i 1n oblasti (PNP tranzistor). Ekvivalentni su sistemu od 2 međusobno interagujuća p-n spoja U provođenju struje učestvuju obe vrste nosilaca (bipolar) Ima 3 elektrode (E - emitor, B - baza i C kolektor)

3 BJT - osnove Oblast baze znatno uža od oblasti emitora i kolektora (oko 100 puta) Oblast emitora jako dopirana, oblast baze slabije dopirana, a oblast kolektora delom slabo a delom jako dopirana p-n spojevi: emitor-bazni (emitorski) i kolektor-bazni (kolektorski)

4 Struje i režimi rada BJT NPN PNP Struje BJT odgovaraju njegovim elektrodama Strelica pokazuje smer emitorske struje Za struje u svim režimima rada važi relacija Zavisno od polarizacije emitorskog i kolektorskog spoja različiti režimi rada tranzistora

5 Načini polarizacije (konfiguracije) BJT-a NPN tranzistor u tri različite konfiguracije u zavisnosti od zajedničkog (uzemljenog) izvoda Zajednička baza-zb Ulazno emitorsko kolo Izlazno kolektorsko kolo Zajednički emitor-ze Ulazno bazno kolo Izlazno kolektorsko kolo Zajednički kolektor-zc Ulazno bazno kolo Izlazno emitorsko kolo

6 NPN tranzistor u ZE konfiguraciji u aktivnom režimu rada Emitorski spoj direktno polarisan V BE >0 Kolektorski spoj inverzno polarisan V BC <0

7 Direktna polarizacija spoja emitor-baza izaziva injekciju elektrona iz emitora u bazu (I ne ) i šupljina iz baze u emitor (I pe ) Usled znatno veće koncentracije primesa u emitoru u odnosu na bazu struja elektrona je dominantna Elektroni injektovani u bazu postaju manjinski nosioci i kroz nju se kreću difuzijom. Deo elektrona se rekombinuje i čini struju I nr Kada elektroni stignu do granice osiromašene oblasti inverzno polarisanog spoja kolektor-baza, kroz tu oblast prolaze pod dejstvom električnog polja, formirajući struju I nc Kroz spoj kolektor-baza takođe prolaze šupljine kao manjinski nosioci, ali je ova struja (I pc ) zanemariva I E =I ne +I pe I B =I pe +I nr -I pc I pe +I nr I C =I nc +I pc I nc I E =I C +I B

8 PNP tranzistor u ZE konfiguraciji u aktivnom režimu rada Emitorski spoj direktno polarisan V BE <0 Kolektorski spoj inverzno polarisan V BC >0

9 Struje kod NPN tranzistora u ZE konfiguraciji

10 Strujno-naponske karakteristike BJT-a u ZE konfiguraciji Ulazna karakteristika I B =f(v BE ) zavisnost ulazne (bazne) struje od ulaznog (bazno-emitorskog) napona Ekvivalentna karakteristici emitor-baznog p-n spoja Kad tranzistor nije zakočen V BE =0.7 V

11 Prenosna karakteristika I C =f(v BE ) zavisnost izlazne (kolektorske) struje od ulaznog (baznoemitorskog) napona Izrazito temperaturno zavisna Za fiksiranu vrednost struje I napon V BE se smanjuje 2mV pri porastu temperature za 1 C.

12 Izlazna (kolektorska) karakteristika I C =f(v CE ); parametar je struja baze I B NPN PNP azlikuju se 4 oblasti na karakteristici Za primene tranzistora od značaja su oblast zasićenja, normalna aktivna oblast i oblast zakočenja Pri jako velikim naponima V CE dolazi do naglog porasta struje kolektora odn. do proboja inverzno polarisanog bazno-kolektorskog spoja -nepoželjno

13 Strujno pojačanje u ZE konfiguraciji Statičko (DC) strujno pojačanje u radnoj tački Q IC β DC = hfe IB h FE - oznaka koja se upotrebljava u tehničkim specifikacijama, a potiče od hibridnog modela tranzistora Dinamičko (AC) strujno pojačanje u radnoj tački Q IC β AC = hfe I B V β = β DC i β AC se razlikuju za % CE = const

14 Zavisnost strujnog pojačanja od kolektorske struje i temperature

15 Early-jev efekat Osiromašena oblast kolektorskog spoja se sa povećanjem inverzne polarizacije širi i na stranu baze i smanjuje njenu efektivnu širinu Early-jev efekat (efekat modulacije širine baze) U normalnoj aktivnoj oblasti karakteristike blago rastu Sve krive se u produžetku seku u jedinstvenoj tački čija vrednost predstavlja Early-jev napon V A

16 Izlazna otpornost BJT-a Značajna za karakteristike BJT-a kao pojačavača VCE dvce ro = = I di U idealnom slučaju je izlazna otpornost BJT-a u aktivnoj oblasti jer su tada krive na izlaznoj karakteristici ravne Usled Early-jevog efekta izlazna struja se opisuje izrazom koji uključuje struju baze i Early-jev napon V Izlazna otpornost ima konačnu vrednost ron = 1 VA dic β IB dv C V BE I VT βi e (1 + CE ) = βi (1 + CE ) V C S B A CE C V V A

17 Ograničenja napona i struje BJT-a napon zasićenja - V CEsat snaga disipacije P= I C V CE oblast bezbednog rada P P max Maksimalne dozvoljene vrednosti napona i struje, kao i disipirane snage su date u tehničkim specifikacijama I C(max) maksimalna dozvoljena struja V CE(max) maksimalno dozvoljeni napon P max maksimalno dozvoljena snaga disipacije (parabola snage) Da bi se sprečilo pregrevanje tranzistora na njihova kućišta se mogu montirati hladnjaci

18 Faktor degradacije snage Maksimalna dozvoljena snaga se smanjuje sa porastom temperature Proizvođači specificiraju faktor degradacije snage (power derating factor) u mw/ C na osnovu koga se izračunava vrednost P max na temperaturama okoline višim od 25 C Proizvođači takođe daju i krivu degradacije snage

19 Strujno-naponske karakteristike BJT-a u ZB konfiguraciji BV CB0 -probojni napon kolektor-baznog spoja

20 Strujno pojačanje u ZB konfiguraciji Statičko (DC) strujno pojačanje u radnoj tački Q IC α DC = IE Dinamičko (AC) strujno pojačanje u radnoj tački Q IC α AC = I α <1 E V CB = const β α α = β = 1+ β 1 α

21 Ebers-Moll-ov model BJT-a (NPN tranzistor) D E - emitorski p-n spoj; D C - kolektorski p-n spoj F direktna polarizacija (forward); - inverzna polarizacija (reverse) Struje dioda i DE =I SE [exp(v BE /V T ) -1] i DC =I SC [exp(v BC /V T ) -1] I SE, I SC struje zasićenja emitorskog odnosno kolektorskog spoja α F,α koeficijenti strujnog pojačanja α F I SE =α I SC I S

22 Struje kroz izvode BJT-a po Ebers-Moll-ovom modelu i E = i DE α i DC i C = i DC + α F i DE i B = (1 α F ) i DE + (1 α ) i DC β F = α F 1 α F β = α 1 α

23 BC BE T T v v V V S E S F I i exp 1 - I exp 1 α = BC BE T T v v V V S C S I i I exp 1 - exp 1 α = BC BE T T v v V V S S B F I I i exp 1 exp 1 β β = +

24 Model tranzistora za jednosmerne signale u aktivnoj oblasti rada - ZE NPN PNP V BE =0.7V V BE =-0.7V I C =β DC I B I E =I C +I B I C =α DC I E β DC =f(i C,T) DC strujno pojačanje

25 Modeli tranzistora za naizmenične signale u aktivnoj oblasti rada r parametri - dinamičke otpornosti (dv/di) r e unutrašnja otpornost emitora r b unutrašnja otpornost baze r c unutrašnja otpornost kolektora α ac = I c(rms) /I e(rms) β ac = I c(rms) /I b(rms) β DC = I C /I B (u radnoj tački) β ac = I C / I B (u okolini radne tačke)

26 Model tranzistora preko r parametara Opšti model Uprošćeni model r e =kt/qi E r e 25mV/I E r c ~100KΩ r b malo

27 h parametri Tehnička dokumentacija proizvođača specificira h parametre koje je relativno lako izmeriti: h i ulazna impedansa (otpornost) pri kratkospojenom izlazu h r naponska povratna sprega pri otvorenom ulazu h f strujno pojačanje u direktnom režimu - pri kratkospojenom izlazu h o izlazna admitansa (provodnost) - pri otvorenom ulazu Drugi indeks specificira konfiguraciju pojačavača u kojoj se tranzistor nalazi: e zajednički emitor; c zajednički kolektor; b zajednička baza Npr: h ie ; h re ; h fe ; h oe

28 Veza između h i r parametara α ac =h fb β ac =h fe!!!!!! r e =h re /h oe r c =(h re +1)/h oe r b =h ie -h re (1+h fe )/h oe

29 Tehnološka realizacija NPN tranzistora diskretni integrisani

30 Profil primesa diskretnog NPN tranzistora

31 Tehničke specifikacije (Datasheet-ovi) BJT-a NPN primer 2N3904 PNP primer 2N3906 Komplementarni tranzistori uparene karakteristike h FE =β DC

32 C B E 2N3904 TO-92 MMBT3904 C SOT-23 Mark: 1A B E PZT3904 C C B SOT-223 E 2N3904 / MMBT3904 / PZT3904 NPN General Purpose Amplifier This device is designed as a general purpose amplifier and switch. The useful dynamic range extends to 100 ma as a switch and to 100 MHz as an amplifier. Absolute Maximum atings* T A = 25 C unless otherwise noted Symbol Parameter Value Units V CEO Collector-Emitter Voltage 40 V V CBO Collector-Base Voltage 60 V V EBO Emitter-Base Voltage 6.0 V I C Collector Current - Continuous 200 ma T J, T stg Operating and Storage Junction Temperature ange -55 to +150 C *These ratings are limiting values above which the serviceability of any semiconductor device may be impaired. NOTES: 1) These ratings are based on a maximum junction temperature of 150 degrees C. 2) These are steady state limits. The factory should be consulted on applications involving pulsed or low duty cycle operations. Thermal Characteristics T A = 25 C unless otherwise noted Symbol Characteristic Max Units 2N3904 *MMBT3904 **PZT3904 P D Total Device Dissipation Derate above 25 C , mw mw/ C θjc Thermal esistance, Junction to Case 83.3 C/W θja Thermal esistance, Junction to Ambient C/W *Device mounted on F-4 PCB 1.6" X 1.6" X 0.06." **Device mounted on F-4 PCB 36 mm X 18 mm X 1.5 mm; mounting pad for the collector lead min. 6 cm Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation 2N3904/MMBT3904/PZT3904, ev A

33 Electrical Characteristics T A = 25 C unless otherwise noted Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Max Units OFF CHAACTEISTICS V (B)CEO Collector-Emitter Breakdown I C = 1.0 ma, I B = 0 40 V Voltage V (B)CBO Collector-Base Breakdown Voltage I C = 10 µa, I E = 0 60 V V (B)EBO Emitter-Base Breakdown Voltage I E = 10 µa, I C = V I BL Base Cutoff Current V CE = 30 V, V EB = 3V 50 na I CEX Collector Cutoff Current V CE = 30 V, V EB = 3V 50 na ON CHAACTEISTICS* h FE DC Current Gain I C = 0.1 ma, V CE = 1.0 V I C = 1.0 ma, V CE = 1.0 V I C = 10 ma, V CE = 1.0 V I C = 50 ma, V CE = 1.0 V I C = 100 ma, V CE = 1.0 V V CE(sat) Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage I C = 10 ma, I B = 1.0 ma I C = 50 ma, I B = 5.0 ma V BE(sat) Base-Emitter Saturation Voltage I C = 10 ma, I B = 1.0 ma I C = 50 ma, I B = 5.0 ma NPN General Purpose Amplifier (continued) V V V V 2N3904 / MMBT3904 / PZT3904 SMALL SIGNAL CHAACTEISTICS f T Current Gain - Bandwidth Product I C = 10 ma, V CE = 20 V, f = 100 MHz C obo Output Capacitance V CB = 5.0 V, I E = 0, f = 1.0 MHz C ibo Input Capacitance V EB = 0.5 V, I C = 0, f = 1.0 MHz NF Noise Figure I C = 100 µa, V CE = 5.0 V, S =1.0kΩ,f=10 Hz to 15.7kHz 300 MHz 4.0 pf 8.0 pf 5.0 db SWITCHING CHAACTEISTICS t d Delay Time V CC = 3.0 V, V BE = 0.5 V, 35 ns t r ise Time I C = 10 ma, I B1 = 1.0 ma 35 ns t s Storage Time V CC = 3.0 V, I C = 10mA 200 ns t f Fall Time I B1 = I B2 = 1.0 ma 50 ns *Pulse Test: Pulse Width 300 µs, Duty Cycle 2.0% Spice Model NPN (Is=6.734f Xti=3 Eg=1.11 Vaf=74.03 Bf=416.4 Ne=1.259 Ise=6.734 Ikf=66.78m Xtb=1.5 Br=.7371 Nc=2 Isc=0 Ikr=0 c=1 Cjc=3.638p Mjc=.3085 Vjc=.75 Fc=.5 Cje=4.493p Mje=.2593 Vje=.75 Tr=239.5n Tf=301.2p Itf=.4 Vtf=4 Xtf=2 b=10)

34 Typical Characteristics h - TYPICAL PULSED CUENT GAIN FE Typical Pulsed Current Gain vs Collector Current 125 C - 40 C I - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) C 25 C V CE = 5V V - COLLECTO-EMITTE VOLTAGE (V) CESAT NPN General Purpose Amplifier (continued) Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage vs Collector Current β = I - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) C 25 C 125 C - 40 C 2N3904 / MMBT3904 / PZT3904 V - BASE-EMITTE VOLTAGE (V) BESAT Base-Emitter Saturation Voltage vs Collector Current β = C I - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) C 25 C 125 C V - BASE-EMITTE ON VOLTAGE (V) BE(ON) Base-Emitter ON Voltage vs Collector Current V CE = 5V - 40 C I - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) C 25 C 125 C I - COLLECTO CUENT (na) CBO V Collector-Cutoff Current vs Ambient Temperature CB = 30V T - AMBIENT TEMPEATUE ( C) A CAPACITANCE (pf) Capacitance vs everse Bias Voltage C ibo f = 1.0 MHz C obo EVESE BIAS VOLTAGE (V)

35 Typical Characteristics (continued) NF - NOISE FIGUE (db) Noise Figure vs Frequency I C = 1.0 ma S = 200Ω I C = 50 µa S = 1.0 kω I C = 0.5 ma S = 200Ω V = 5.0V CE I = 100 µa, = 500 Ω C S f - FEQUENCY (khz) NF - NOISE FIGUE (db) NPN General Purpose Amplifier (continued) Noise Figure vs Source esistance I C = 5.0 ma I C = 1.0 ma I = 100 µa C I = 50 µa C S - SOUCE ESISTANCE ( kω ) 2N3904 / MMBT3904 / PZT3904 h fe - CUENT GAIN (db) Current Gain and Phase Angle vs Frequency h fe V CE = 40V I C = 10 ma f - FEQUENCY (MHz) θ θ - DEGEES P - POWE DISSIPATION (W) D TO-92 SOT-23 Power Dissipation vs Ambient Temperature SOT o TEMPEATUE ( C) TIME (ns) Turn-On Time vs Collector Current 2.0V 40V 15V I c I B1= I B2= 10 V = 3.0V CC r 10 t V CB = 0V I C - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) t - ISE TIME (ns) r ise Time vs Collector Current T J = 125 C V CC = 40V T = 25 C J I c I B1= I B2= I C - COLLECTO CUENT (ma)

36 Ω µ f Typical Characteristics (continued) t - STOAGE TIME (ns) S Storage Time vs Collector Current T = 25 C J T J = 125 C I c I B1= I B2= 10 t - FALL TIME (ns) NPN General Purpose Amplifier (continued) Fall Time vs Collector Current T = 25 C J T J = 125 C I c I B1= I B2= 10 V CC = 40V 2N3904 / MMBT3904 / PZT I C - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) I C - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) h - CUENT GAIN fe Current Gain V CE = 10 V f = 1.0 khz o T A = 25 C I - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) C h - OUTPUT ADMITTANCE ( mhos) oe V CE = 10 V f = 1.0 khz o T A = 25 C Output Admittance I - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) C h - INPUT IMPEDANCE (k ) ie Input Impedance V CE = 10 V f = 1.0 khz o T A = 25 C I - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) C h - VOLTAGE FEEDBACK ATIO (x10 ) _ 4 re Voltage Feedback atio V CE = 10 V f = 1.0 khz o T A = 25 C I - COLLECTO CUENT (ma) C

37 Test Circuits Duty Cycle = 2% V 300 ns < 1.0 ns 10.6 V 10 KΩ 3.0 V 275 Ω FIGUE 1: Delay and ise Time Equivalent Test Circuit NPN General Purpose Amplifier (continued) C 1 < 4.0 pf 2N3904 / MMBT3904 / PZT V 10 < t 1 < 500 µs t V 275 Ω Duty Cycle = 2% 0 10 KΩ C 1 < 4.0 pf V < 1.0 ns 1N916 FIGUE 2: Storage and Fall Time Equivalent Test Circuit

38 Osnovno kolo sa BJT-om I I B C = = V V BB CC B C V V BE CE Izvori polarišu tranzistor ežim rada za fiksne vrednosti V BB i V cc određuju otpornosti B i C Za V BE manje od 0,7V tranzistor zakočen Kada tranzistor vodi V BE =0,7V Tranzistor u zasićenju I C βi B Tranzistor u aktivnoj oblasti I C =βi B

39 ežimi rada BJT-a u kolu ežim rada je određen položajem radne tačke na izlaznoj karakteristici adna tačka u preseku izlazne karakteristike i radne prave za date vrednosti B i C Izborom vrednosti B i C podešavamo radni režim B1 < B2 < B3 < B4 < B5 C1 < C2 < C3 < C4 < C5

40 Primene BJT-a Osnovne primene Kao prekidač zamenjuje standardan prekidač u kolu koji je u otvorenom ili zatvorenom stanju Kao pojačavač pojačava amplitudu malih naizmeničnih signala koji se superponiraju na jednosmerne vrednosti napona i struja u radnoj tački

41 BJT kao prekidač ZE konfiguracija Napon na bazi V BE kontroliše prekidač Otvoren prekidač u kolu BJT predstavlja prekid Tranzistor zakočen (V BE <0.7 V; V BC <0.7V); Struje I C,I B,I E =0 V CE određen ostalim elementima kola Zatvoren prekidač u kolu BJT predstavlja kratak spoj Tranzistor u zasićenju V CE =V CE(sat) (reda V) V BE 0.7 V I C,I B,I E određene elementima kola pri čemu važi I C β DC I B Napon na kolektoru V CE je sa suprotnom promenom u odnosu na napon na bazi V BE uloga invertora

42 Osnovno prekidačko kolo V1=3 V V2 pravougaoni impulsi amplitude 5V i frekvence 0,5 Hz Kada tranzistor ne vodi (V2=0V) VC=V1 Kada tranzistor vodi (V2=5V) VC=V CEsat Signali na izlazu suprotni od signala na ulazu

43 Prekidačke karakteristike BJT-a t d vreme kašnjenja (od prestanka ulaznog signala do dostizanja 10% vrednosti izlaznog signala) t r vreme porasta (od 10% do 90% vrednosti izlaznog signala) t s vreme skladištenja (od dolaska ulaznog signala do opadanja na 90% vrednosti izlaznog signala) t f vreme opadanja signala (od 90% do 10% vrednosti izlaznog signala) t ON vreme uključenja BJT-a t OFF vreme isključenja BJT-a

44 BJT kao pojačavač - ZE konfiguracija Polarizacija BJT-a takva da je radna tačka (vrednosti I C, V CE ) u normalnoj aktivnoj oblasti V BE 0.7 V I C =β DC I B; Jednosmernom signalu se dodaje naizmenični signal male amplitude čija se vrednost pojačava i c =h fe i b

45 Polarizacija tranzistora Polarizacija tranzistora predstavlja postavljanje radne tačke - DC režim: Preko naponskog razdelnika Preko baze Preko emitora (zahteva negativan izvor napajanja) Preko povratne sprege u emitoru Preko povratne sprege u kolektoru

46 Polarizacija preko naponskog razdelnika NPN Dobra stabilnost sa jednim izvorom napajanja Poželjne što manje vrednosti otpornosti = β IN DC E 10 ; V = V 2 IN 2 B CC < 10 ; V = V 2 IN IN 2 B CC IN VE = VB VBE V = V I I I I C CC C C E C B = = V I E E E I β C DC

47 PNP V B = V EE V = V + V I I I V E B BE E C B = = = V I EE E I β C DC I C C C E V E

48 Polarizacija preko baze Česta u prekidačkim kolima Zavisna od promena β DC V = 0V V I I I E B B BE CC B C DC B E = = = V V β I C I V BE V = V I C CC C C

49 Polarizacija preko povratne sprege u emitoru Smanjena zavisnost od β DC V E E E B E BE E C B I V = V + V I I I = = = I E β V CC BE E B DC V + CC V V + β BE DC E B V = V I C CC C C

50 Polarizacija preko povratne sprege u kolektoru Temperaturno stabilna V = 0V V I I I E B B BE C DC B E = = = V C V CC V BE (1 + β ) + β I C DC B I V = V ( β + 1) I C CC DC C B

51 Pojačavači sa BJT-om Polarizacijom tranzistora određeni su DC uslovi rada (radna tačka) Varijacije struje i napona oko DC radne tačke nastaju kao posledica ulaznog AC signala Amplituda ulaznog signala je pojačana Ukoliko su amplitude ulaznog signala male u poređenju sa vrednostima DC polarizacije radi se o pojačavaču malih signala (small-signal amplifier)

52 Linearni pojačavač Izlazni signal je linearno proporcionalan ulaznom signalu bez izobličenja C 1 i C 2 coupling (decoupling) kondenzatori spajaju (razdvajaju) jednosmerni i naizmenični signal Struja kolektora prati promene struje baze Napon na bazi i napon na kolektoru su u protivfazi

53 Trenutne vrednosti napona i struja se kreću po radnoj pravoj i B -raste i C -raste v CE -opada

54 Izobličenje izlaznog signala Nastaje usled izlaska trenutnih vrednosti napona i struja iz normalne aktivne oblasti. BJT ulazi u zakočenje ili zasićenje Uzroci: prevelika amplituda ulaznog AC signala i/ili loše postavljena DC radna tačka

55 Izobličenje izlaznog signala usled ulaska BJT-a u zasićenje prevelika amplituda AC signala

56 Izobličenje izlaznog signala usled ulaska BJT-a u zasićenje loše postavljena DC radna tačka

57 Izobličenje izlaznog signala usled ulaska BJT-a u zakočenje loše postavljena DC radna tačka

58 Izobličenje izlaznog signala usled ulaska BJT-a i u zasićenje i u zakočenje prevelika amplituda AC signala

59 Pojačavač sa zajedničkim emitorom CE pojačavač

60 Napajanje preko naponskog razdelnika Ulaz na bazi, izlaz na kolektoru tranzistora Svi kondenzatori moraju imati zanemarljivu otpornost na radnoj učestanosti kako bi predstavljali kratak spoj za AC signale C 1, C 3 - coupling kondenzatori (C 1 povezuje ulazni signal sa DC naponom na bazi, C 3 razdvaja izlazni signal od DC napona na kolektoru) C 2 bypass kondenzator (vezuje emitor na uzemljenje za AC signale) izlazni i ulazni signali su u protiv-fazi (fazni pomeraj 180 )

61 DC analiza Ekvivalentno kolo svi kondenzatori prekidi za DC signale = β IN DC E 10 ; V = V 2 IN 2 B CC < 10 ; V = V 2 IN IN 2 B CC IN VE = VB VBE V = V I I I I C CC C C E C B = = V I E E E I β C DC

62 AC analiza Svi kondenzatori kratki spojevi za AC signale DC izvor je zamenjen uzemljenjem Crveno AC uzemljenje AC i stvarno uzemljenje se u električnom smislu posmatraju kao jedinstvena tačka Emitor je uzemljen preko kondenzatora C 2

63 AC ulazni signal s otpornost izvora otpornost polarizacije in(base) ulazna otpornost BJT-a sa strane baze in(tot) = 1 2 in(base) - ulazna otpornost CE pojačavača Poželjno što veće in(tot) da se ne bi remetio ulazni signal v in = in(tot) v s /( s + in(tot) ) za s «in(tot) v in v s

64 Ulazna otpornost BJT-a sa strane baze - in(base) Na osnovu r parametarskog modela tranzistora Vin v in( base ) = = I i v i i e b c e e b e ac = i i ir in( base ) β = i e in ir e e β ac b b in( base ) = β r ac e

65 Izlazna otpornost CE pojačavača Otpornost posmatrana sa strane kolektora = r out C c C «r c out C

66 Naponsko pojačanje CE pojačavača v out c C out ac e C e C in v = i v = α i i v A = ir e e v = = v out e C in i ir Znak ukazuje da dolazi do okretanja faze izlaznog signala u odnosu na ulazni Ukupno pojačanje uključuje i slabljenje usled konačne otpornosti izvora ' vout vout vin C in(tot ) Av = = = v v v r + s in s e in(tot ) s A v = r C e e e

67 Uticaj bypass kondenzatora na naponsko pojačanje CE pojačavača Bypass kondenzator je kratak spoj za AC signale i efektivno vezuje emitor za uzemljenje Njegova vrednost mora da je dovoljno velika tako da mu je reaktansa u radnom opsegu učestanosti veoma mala u odnosu na E (obično10x C < E ) Bez bypass kondenzatora A v C = r + e E

68 Uticaj opterećenja na naponsko pojačanje CE pojačavača Opterećenje L je vezano preko coupling kondenzatora C 3 = = c C L C C + L L A v = r c e Za malo L c < C pojačanje je smanjeno Za L» C c C opterećenje nema uticaja na pojačanje

69 Stabilnost naponskog pojačanja CE pojačavača Mera promene vrednosti naponskog pojačanja pri promeni temperature i za različite vrednosti β Bypass kondenzator obezbeđuje maksimalno pojačanje, zavisno od r e A v =- C /r e ; r e =f(t, I E ) A v =f(t) Bez bypass kondenzatora je smanjeno pojačanje, manje zavisno od r e A v =- C /( E +r e ); Za E»r e A v - C / E ; A v f(t) Kompromis prevladavanje uticaja r e bez smanjenja vrednosti naponskog pojačanja - delimično premošćavanje otpornosti E bypass kondenzatorom

70 Oba otpornika utiču na DC napajanje ( E1 + E2 ) Na naponsko pojačanje utiče samo E1 : A v =- C /(r e + E1 ) Za E1 10r e A v - C / E1 Delimičnim premošćavanjem E ulazna AC otpornost BJT-a je: in(base) =β ac (r e + E1 )

71 Strujno pojačanje CE pojačavača Zavisi od strujnog pojačanja i ulazne otpornosti BJT-a ( L ) A β i ac i i i = = i i i = c c b in b in i i c b i = i + b 1 2 in 1 2 in( base) i in = + v s s in(tot ) A i = β ac in( base )

72 Pojačanje snage CE pojačavača Proizvod ukupnog naponskog i strujnog pojačanja A p =A v A i A v v v = = = ' out out in C in(tot ) v vs vin vs re in(tot ) + s A i = β ac in( base )

73 Pojačavač sa zajedničkim kolektorom CC pojačavač (emitter-follower EF) Napajanje preko naponskog razdelnika

74 Osnovne karakteristike CC pojačavača Kolektor je na AC uzemljenju Ulaz je na bazi, izlaz je na emitoru Nema promene faze između ulaza i izlaza Maksimalno naponsko pojačanje je 1 Ulazna otpornost je velika; izlazna otpornost je mala Coupling kondenzatori moraju imati zanemarljivu otpornost na radnoj učestanosti kako bi predstavljali kratak spoj za AC signale. Koristi se kao interfejs između kola sa velikom izlaznom otpornošću i niskootpornog opterećenja naponski bafer

75 DC analiza Ekvivalentno kolo = β IN DC E 10 ; V = V 2 IN 2 B CC < 10 ; V = V 2 IN IN 2 B CC IN V = V V V I I I E B BE C E C B = = = V V I CC E E I β E C DC

76 AC analiza r e = 25mV I E = β (r + ) in( base ) ac e E L = in(tot ) 1 2 in( base ) s out = E ( 1,2 S ) βac E L Av = 1 re + E L = A i ( βac 1) in( base ) Ap = AA v i Ai

77 Darlingtonov par Koristi se za povećanje ulazne otpornosti β = β β ac ac1 ac 2 = β β in ac1 ac 2 E e1 e2 E (r,r )

78 Sziklai-jev par (komplementarni Darlingtonov par) Kombinacija npn i pnp tranzistora β = β β ac ac1 ac 2 = β β in ac1 ac 2 E e1 e2 E (r,r ) Zahteva manji napon uključenja Koristi se u kombinaciji sa Darlingtonovim parom u izlaznim stepenima pojačavača snage

79 Pojačavač sa zajedničkom bazom CB pojačavač Napajanje preko naponskog razdelnika.

80 Osnovne karakteristike CB pojačavača Baza je na AC uzemljenju Ulaz je na emitoru, izlaz je na kolektoru Nema promene faze između ulaza i izlaza Maksimalno strujno pojačanje je 1 Ulazna otpornost je mala; izlazna otpornost je velika Coupling kondenzatori moraju imati zanemarljivu otpornost na radnoj učestanosti kako bi predstavljali kratak spoj za AC signale Koristi se u kolima gde izvori imaju izrazito malu unutrašnju otpornost

81 DC analiza Ekvivalentno kolo = β IN DC E 10 ; V = V 2 IN 2 B CC < 10 ; V = V 2 IN IN 2 B CC IN V = V V E B BE V = V I I I I C CC C C E C B = = V I E E I β E C DC

82 AC analiza r e = 25mV I = r ( r ) in( emitter ) e E e = ( r ) out C C c E A v i = A 1 C r e A = AA A L p v i v ( r ) E e

83 Višestepeni pojačavači Više kaskadno povezanih pojačavača Svaki pojačavač predstavlja jedan stepen Povećava se ukupno naponsko pojačanje A v =A v1 A v2 A vn Kapacitivno povezani stepeni nema međusobnog uticaja DC polarizacije prolaz AC signala bez slabljenja Direktno povezani stepeni dobar odziv pri niskim učestanostima osetljivost na promene vrednosti DC napajanja (usled promene temperature ili varijacija napona izvora)

84 Dvostepeni kapacitivno spregnuti pojačavač sprega preko C 3 β ac =225

85 DC analiza Oba stepena identična = β = β = 225kΩ IN DC 4 DC 8 10 ;10 IN VB = VCC = VCC = 1.75V V = V V = 1.05V E B BE VE VE IE = = = 1.05mA I C I E 4 8 V = V I = V I = 5.07V C CC 3 C CC 7 C

86 AC analiza Drugi stepen standardan CE pojačavač 25mV re = = 23.8Ω I in( base2) E = β r = 5.355kΩ ac e = = = 3.25kΩ in(tot 2) L1 5 6 in( base2) 7 Av2 = = 197 (8 r e) r e

87 Prvi stepen njegovo opterećenje je drugi stepen 25mV re = = 23.8Ω I in( base1) E = β r = 5.355kΩ ac e = = 3.25kΩ in( tot 1) 1 2 in( base1) Ukupno naponsko pojačanje out v v1 v2 vin 3 in(tot 2) Av1 = = 80.7 re v A = = A A = = 15898

88 Signali A v1 =85

89 A v2 =174

90 A v =v out /v in A v =14730 A v =A v1 A v2 =14790

91 Dvostepeni kapacitivno spregnuti pojačavač sa komplementarnim tranzistorima (audio predpojačavač)

92 Signali A v =v out /v in A v =20

93 Pojačavači snage Pojačavači velikih signala Cilj je prenos maksimalne snage opterećenju (reda 1W i više) - komponente moraju da podnesu veliku disipaciju tj. da se obezbedi odvođenje toplote Pojačanje snage: A p =P L /P in =A v2 ( in / L ) 4 klase zavisno od dela ulaznog signala za koji pojačavač radi u linearnoj oblasti (klasa A, klasa B, klasa AB i klasa C) Svaka klasa ima jedinstvenu konfiguraciju kola Koriste se kao izlazni stepeni komunikacionih prijemnika i predajnika kako bi se obezbedila dovoljna snaga signala zvučnika ili antene

94 Pojačavači snage klase A Celokupan rad u linearnoj oblasti izlazni signal je uvećana kopija ulaznog signala (uz postojanje inverzije) Maksimalna vrednost izlaznog signala - kada je radna tačka na sredini radne prave azmatrani pojačavački stepeni sa BJT (ZE, ZC, ZB) se odnose na klasu A

95

96 Snaga mirne radne tačke (kada nema AC signala) maksimalna snaga koju pojačavač klase A treba da izdrži P DQ =I CQ V CEQ Maksimalna izlazna snaga signala P out(max) =0.5I CQ V CEQ Efikasnost pojačavača - odnos izlazne snage signala predate opterećenju i ukupne snage DC izvora Maksimalna efikasnost pojačavača klase A (sa kapacitivnom spregom) η max = P out(max) /P DC = 0.5I CQ V CEQ /2I CQ V CEQ =0.25

97 Pojačavači klase B Polarisani na granici isključenja (V CEQ =V CE(cutoff) ; I CQ =0) u jednoj poluperiodi rade u linearnoj oblasti, u drugoj poluperiodi su u zakočenju Efikasniji od pojačavača klase A daju veći izlaznu snagu za istu vrednost ulazne snage Nedostatak je teža realizacija kola koja daju linearnu kopiju ulaznog signala

98 Push-pull pojačavač klase B Za pojačanje cele periode koriste se 2 pojačavača komplementarni simetrični tranzistori (upareni npn i pnp BJT) u CC konfiguraciji (emitter-follower-i) Napajanje dvostruko-simetrično, nema coupling kondenzatora jer je DC vrednost signala na bazi i izlazu 0 Ulazni signal pobuđuje tranzistore, npn vodi u pozitivnoj poluperiodi, pnp u negativnoj poluperiodi Tranzistori ne vode dok se ne dostigne napon na njihovim bazama V BE (-V BE ). Vremenski interval kada oba tranzistora ne vode dovodi do tzv. izobličenja prelaza izlaznog signala

99 Push-pull pojačavač klase B

100

101 Push-pull pojačavač klase AB Izobličenje prelaza izlaznog signala izbegnuto modifikovanom realizacijom napajanja (pomoću naponskog razdelnika i dioda) tako da je radna tačka malo iznad tačke zakočenja Tranzistori vode i za nultu vrednost ulaznog signala Kada su karakteristike dioda i bazno-emitorskih spojeva tranzistora uparene struje su im jednake formira se tzv. strujno ogledalo Problem termičke nestabilnosti ukoliko karakteristike dioda i bazno-emitorskih spojeva tranzistora nisu uparene ili kada su komponente na različitim temperaturama

102 Push-pull pojačavač klase AB sa dvostrukim napajanjem

103

104 Push-pull pojačavač klase AB sa jednim napajanjem

105

106 AC karakteristike Struja zasićenja maksimalna struja koja može da protiče kroz BJT I c(sat) =(V CC -V CEsat )/ L V CC / L Maksimalna srednja izlazna snaga P out(max) =0.25I c(sat) V CC Maksimalna efikasnost η max =0.79 Ulazna otpornost in =β ac ( L +r e ) 1 2

107 Push-pull pojačavač klase AB sa Darlingtonovim parom (povećanje ulazne otpornosti)

108

109 Push-pull pojačavač klase AB sa Darlingtonovim/komplementarnim Darlingtonovim parom

110 Pojačavači klase C Provođenje postoji u intervalu kraćem od jedne poluperiode Amplituda izlaznog signala je nelinearna funkcija ulaznog signala Efikasniji su od pojačavača klase A i push-pull pojačavača klase B i AB Generalno se koriste u F primenama poput oscilatora i modulatora

111 Audio pojačavač sprega predpojačavača i pojačavača snage sa dvostrukim napajanjem

112 Audio pojačavač-signali

113

General Purpose Transistors

General Purpose Transistors General Purpose Transistors NPN and PNP Silicon These transistors are designed for general purpose amplifier applications. They are housed in the SOT 33/SC which is designed for low power surface mount

More information

SOT-23 Mark: 1A. = 25 C unless otherwise noted T A. Symbol Parameter Value Units

SOT-23 Mark: 1A. = 25 C unless otherwise noted T A. Symbol Parameter Value Units B E N39 TO-9 MMBT39 SOT-3 Mark: A B E PZT39 B SOT-3 E N39 / MMBT39 / PZT39 This device is designed as a general purpse amplifier and switch. The useful dynamic range extends t ma as a switch and t MHz

More information

BFR93A. NPN Silicon RF Transistor. For low-noise, high-gain broadband amplifiers at collector currents from 2 ma to 30 ma

BFR93A. NPN Silicon RF Transistor. For low-noise, high-gain broadband amplifiers at collector currents from 2 ma to 30 ma NPN Silicon RF Transistor For lownoise, highgain broadband amplifiers at collector currents from ma to ma VPS5 ESD: Electrostatic discharge sensitive device, observe handling precaution! Type Marking Pin

More information

DATA SHEET. PRF957 UHF wideband transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Mar 01.

DATA SHEET. PRF957 UHF wideband transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Mar 01. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET book, halfpage M3D1 Supersedes data of 1999 Mar 1 1999 Jul 3 FEATURES PINNING Small size Low noise Low distortion High gain Gold metallization ensures excellent reliability.

More information

PNP SILICON SWITCHING TRANSISTOR Qualified per MIL-PRF-19500/357

PNP SILICON SWITCHING TRANSISTOR Qualified per MIL-PRF-19500/357 DEVICES PNP SILICON SITCHING TRANSISTOR Qualified per MIL-PRF-19500/357 LEVELS 2N3634 2N3635 2N3636 2N3637 JAN 2N3634L 2N3635L 2N3636L 2N3637L JANTX 2N3634UB 2N3635UB 2N3636UB 2N3637UB JANTXV JANS ABSOLUTE

More information

DATA SHEET. BC556; BC557 PNP general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1997 Mar 27.

DATA SHEET. BC556; BC557 PNP general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1997 Mar 27. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET book, halfpage M3D186 Supersedes data of 1997 Mar 27 FEATURES Low current (max. 100 ma) Low voltage (max. 65 V). APPLICATIONS General purpose switching and amplification.

More information

Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BFR92P GFs 1=B 2=E 3=C SOT23

Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BFR92P GFs 1=B 2=E 3=C SOT23 NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For broadband amplifiers up to GHz and fast nonsaturated switches at collector currents from 0.5 ma to 0 ma Complementary type: BFT9 (PNP) * Short term description ESD (Electrostatic

More information

COMPLEMENTARY NPN/PNP TRANSISTOR

COMPLEMENTARY NPN/PNP TRANSISTOR SEMICONDUCTOR DATA SHEET COMPLEMENTARY NPN/PNP TRANSISTOR FEATURES Complementary Pair One 3904-Type NPN, One 3906-Type PNP Epitaxial Planar Die Construction Ideal for Low Power Amplification and Switching

More information

BFP193. NPN Silicon RF Transistor*

BFP193. NPN Silicon RF Transistor* NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For low noise, highgain amplifiers up to GHz For linear broadband amplifiers f T = 8 GHz, F = db at 900 MHz * Short term description ESD (Electrostatic discharge) sensitive device,

More information

ESD (Electrostatic discharge) sensitive device, observe handling precaution! Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BFR181 RFs 1=B 2=E 3=C SOT23

ESD (Electrostatic discharge) sensitive device, observe handling precaution! Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BFR181 RFs 1=B 2=E 3=C SOT23 NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For low noise, highgain broadband amplifiers at collector currents from 0.5 ma to ma f T = 8 GHz, F = 0.9 db at 900 MHz Pbfree (RoHS compliant) package ) Qualified according

More information

ESD (Electrostatic discharge) sensitive device, observe handling precaution! Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BFR183W RHs 1=B 2=E 3=C SOT323

ESD (Electrostatic discharge) sensitive device, observe handling precaution! Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BFR183W RHs 1=B 2=E 3=C SOT323 NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For low noise, highgain broadband amplifiers at collector currents from ma to 0 ma f T = 8 GHz, F = 0.9 db at 900 MHz Pbfree (RoHS compliant) package ) Qualified according AEC

More information

PN2222, PN2222A. General Purpose Transistors. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features MAXIMUM RATINGS MARKING DIAGRAM

PN2222, PN2222A. General Purpose Transistors. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available*   Features MAXIMUM RATINGS MARKING DIAGRAM , is a Preferred Device General Purpose Transistors NPN Silicon Features PbFree Packages are Available* COLLECTOR 3 MAXIMUM RATINGS Collector-Emitter Voltage Collector-Base Voltage Rating Symbol Value

More information

BFP196W. NPN Silicon RF Transistor*

BFP196W. NPN Silicon RF Transistor* NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For low noise, low distortion broadband amplifiers in antenna and telecommunications systems up to 1.5 GHz at collector currents from 20 ma to 80 ma Power amplifier for DECT

More information

Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) - Introduction

Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) - Introduction Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) - Introduction It was found in 1948 at the Bell Telephone Laboratories. It is a three terminal device and has three semiconductor regions. It can be used in signal amplification

More information

BFP193. NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For low noise, high-gain amplifiers up to 2 GHz For linear broadband amplifiers f T = 8 GHz, F = 1 db at 900 MHz

BFP193. NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For low noise, high-gain amplifiers up to 2 GHz For linear broadband amplifiers f T = 8 GHz, F = 1 db at 900 MHz NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For low noise, highgain amplifiers up to GHz For linear broadband amplifiers f T = 8 GHz, F = db at 900 MHz Pbfree (RoHS compliant) package ) Qualified according AEC Q * Short

More information

MP6901 MP6901. High Power Switching Applications. Hammer Drive, Pulse Motor Drive and Inductive Load Switching. Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25 C)

MP6901 MP6901. High Power Switching Applications. Hammer Drive, Pulse Motor Drive and Inductive Load Switching. Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25 C) TOSHIBA Power Transistor Module Silicon Epitaxial Type (Darlington power transistor in ) High Power Switching Applications. Hammer Drive, Pulse Motor Drive and Inductive Load Switching. Industrial Applications

More information

2N4401 TO - 92 BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS TRANSISTOR(NPN) (TO-92) FEATURES

2N4401 TO - 92 BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS TRANSISTOR(NPN) (TO-92) FEATURES 2N441 TO 92 BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS TRANSISTOR(NPN) FEATURES * Power dissipation PCM:.6 W(Tamb=25 O C) * Collector current ICM:.6 A * Collectorbase voltage V (BR)CBO : 6 V * Operating and storage junction

More information

MMBT3906L, SMMBT3906L. General Purpose Transistor. PNP Silicon

MMBT3906L, SMMBT3906L. General Purpose Transistor. PNP Silicon General Purpose Transistor PNP Silicon Features S Prefix for Automotive and Other Applications Requiring Unique Site and Control Change Requirements; AECQ Qualified and PPAP Capable These Devices are PbFree,

More information

2N4123, 2N4124. General Purpose Transistors. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features MAXIMUM RATINGS

2N4123, 2N4124. General Purpose Transistors. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available*  Features MAXIMUM RATINGS N413, General Purpose Transistors NPN Silicon Features PbFree Packages are Available* MAXIMUM RATINGS CollectorEmitter Voltage CollectorBase Voltage Rating Symbol Value Unit N413 N413 V CEO 5 V CBO 4 EmitterBase

More information

2N3904 SMALL SIGNAL NPN TRANSISTOR

2N3904 SMALL SIGNAL NPN TRANSISTOR SMALL SIGNAL NPN TRANSISTOR PRELIMINARY DATA Ordering Code Marking Package / Shipment TO-92 / Bulk -AP TO-92 / Ammopack SILICON EPITAXIAL PLANAR NPN TRANSISTOR TO-92 PACKAGE SUITABLE FOR THROUGH-HOLE PCB

More information

Junction Bipolar Transistor. Characteristics Models Datasheet

Junction Bipolar Transistor. Characteristics Models Datasheet Junction Bipolar Transistor Characteristics Models Datasheet Characteristics (1) The BJT is a threeterminal device, terminals are named emitter, base and collector. Small signals, applied to the base,

More information

BFP196W. NPN Silicon RF Transistor*

BFP196W. NPN Silicon RF Transistor* NPN Silicon RF Transistor* For low noise, low distortion broadband amplifiers in antenna and telecommunications systems up to 1.5 GHz at collector currents from 20 ma to 80 ma Power amplifier for DECT

More information

NPN/PNP low V CEsat Breakthrough in Small Signal (BISS) transistor pair in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface Mounted Device (SMD) plastic package.

NPN/PNP low V CEsat Breakthrough in Small Signal (BISS) transistor pair in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface Mounted Device (SMD) plastic package. Rev. 02 14 July 2005 Product data sheet 1. Product profile 1.1 General description NPN/PNP low V CEsat Breakthrough in Small Signal (BISS) transistor pair in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface Mounted Device (SMD)

More information

PN2222A TO - 92 BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS TRANSISTOR(NPN) (TO-92) FEATURES

PN2222A TO - 92 BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS TRANSISTOR(NPN) (TO-92) FEATURES PN2222A TO 92 BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS TRANSISTOR(NPN) FEATURES * Power dissipation PCM: 625mW(Tamb=25 O C) * Collector current ICM:.6 A * Collectorbase voltage V (BR)CBO : 75 V * Operating and storage junction

More information

2N3903, 2N3904. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features. MAXIMUM RATINGS. THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS (Note 1)

2N3903, 2N3904. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features.   MAXIMUM RATINGS. THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS (Note 1) N393, N393 is a Preferred Device General Purpose Transistors NPN Silicon Features PbFree Packages are Available* MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit Collector Emitter Voltage V CEO 4 Vdc Collector

More information

NPN/PNP transistor pair connected as push-pull driver in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface-Mounted Device (SMD) plastic package.

NPN/PNP transistor pair connected as push-pull driver in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface-Mounted Device (SMD) plastic package. Rev. 0 26 September 2006 Product data sheet. Product profile. General description NPN/PNP transistor pair connected as push-pull driver in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface-Mounted Device (SMD) plastic package..2

More information

BC556B, BC557A, B, C, BC558B. Amplifier Transistors. PNP Silicon BC556B PNP AUDIO 100MA 65V 500MW TO92.

BC556B, BC557A, B, C, BC558B. Amplifier Transistors. PNP Silicon BC556B PNP AUDIO 100MA 65V 500MW TO92. B, A, B, C, B Amplifier Transistors PNP Silicon Features PbFree Packages are Available* B PNP AUDIO 1MA 65 5MW TO92 COLLECTOR 1 MAXIMUM RATINGS Collector - Emitter oltage Collector - Base oltage Rating

More information

Characteristic Symbol Value Unit Output Current I out 150 ma

Characteristic Symbol Value Unit Output Current I out 150 ma LBNB ma LOAD SWITH FEATURING OMPLEMENTARY BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS NEW PRODUT General Description LMNB is best suited for applications where the load needs to be turned on and off using control circuits like

More information

P2N2907ARL1G. Amplifier Transistor. PNP Silicon. These are Pb -Free Devices* Features. MAXIMUM RATINGS THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS

P2N2907ARL1G. Amplifier Transistor. PNP Silicon. These are Pb -Free Devices* Features.   MAXIMUM RATINGS THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Amplifier Transistor PNP Silicon Features These are Pb -Free Devices* MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit CollectorEmitter Voltage V CEO 6 CollectorBase Voltage V CBO 6 EmitterBase Voltage V EBO Collector

More information

350mW, PNP Small Signal Transistor

350mW, PNP Small Signal Transistor 35mW, PNP Small Signal Traistor FEATURES - Epitaxial planar die cotruction - Surface device type mounting - Moisture seitivity level - Matte Tin (Sn) lead finish with Nickel (Ni) underplate - Pb free version

More information

Homework Assignment 08

Homework Assignment 08 Homework Assignment 08 Question 1 (Short Takes) Two points each unless otherwise indicated. 1. Give one phrase/sentence that describes the primary advantage of an active load. Answer: Large effective resistance

More information

In data sheets and application notes which still contain NXP or Philips Semiconductors references, use the references to Nexperia, as shown below.

In data sheets and application notes which still contain NXP or Philips Semiconductors references, use the references to Nexperia, as shown below. Important notice Dear Customer, On 7 February 2017 the former NXP Standard Product business became a new company with the tradename Nexperia. Nexperia is an industry leading supplier of Discrete, Logic

More information

BC546 / 547 / 548. Small Signal Transistors (NPN) Vishay Semiconductors

BC546 / 547 / 548. Small Signal Transistors (NPN) Vishay Semiconductors Small Signal Transistors (NPN) Features NPN Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors These transistors are subdivided into three groups A, B, and C according to their current gain. The type BC546 is available

More information

BCR191.../SEMB1 BCR191/F/L3 BCR191T/W BCR191S SEMB1. Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCR191 BCR191F BCR191L3 2=E 2=E 2=E =C 3=C 3=C

BCR191.../SEMB1 BCR191/F/L3 BCR191T/W BCR191S SEMB1. Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCR191 BCR191F BCR191L3 2=E 2=E 2=E =C 3=C 3=C PNP Silicon Digital Transistor Switching circuit, inverter, interface circuit, driver circuit Built in bias resistor (R = kω, R = kω ) For 6PIN packages: two (galvanic) internal isolated transistors with

More information

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. PMBT3906 PNP switching transistor. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 27.

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. PMBT3906 PNP switching transistor. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 27. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 27 2004 Jan 21 FEATURES Collector current capability I C = 200 ma Collector-emitter voltage V CEO = 40 V. APPLICATIONS General amplification

More information

B C E. absolute maximum ratings at 25 C ambient temperature (unless otherwise noted )

B C E. absolute maximum ratings at 25 C ambient temperature (unless otherwise noted ) Designed Specifically for High Frequency Electronic Ballasts up to 5 W h FE 6 to at = V, = A Low Power Losses (On-state and Switching) Key Parameters Characterised at High Temperature Tight and Reproducible

More information

Symbolic SPICE TM Circuit Analyzer and Approximator

Symbolic SPICE TM Circuit Analyzer and Approximator Symbolic SPICE Symbolic SPICE TM Circuit Analyzer and Approximator Application Note AN-006: Magnetic Microphone Amplifier by Gregory M. Wierzba Rev 072010 A) Introduction The schematic shown below in Fig.

More information

Electronic Circuits. Bipolar Junction Transistors. Manar Mohaisen Office: F208 Department of EECE

Electronic Circuits. Bipolar Junction Transistors. Manar Mohaisen Office: F208   Department of EECE Electronic Circuits Bipolar Junction Transistors Manar Mohaisen Office: F208 Email: manar.subhi@kut.ac.kr Department of EECE Review of Precedent Class Explain the Operation of the Zener Diode Explain Applications

More information

BD245, BD245A, BD245B, BD245C NPN SILICON POWER TRANSISTORS

BD245, BD245A, BD245B, BD245C NPN SILICON POWER TRANSISTORS , A, B, C Designed for Complementary Use with the BD26 Series W at 25 C Case Temperature 0 A Continuous Collector Current 5 A Peak Collector Current Customer-Specified Selections Available B C E SOT-9

More information

NPN/PNP low V CEsat Breakthrough in Small Signal (BISS) transistor pair in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface Mounted Device (SMD) plastic package.

NPN/PNP low V CEsat Breakthrough in Small Signal (BISS) transistor pair in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface Mounted Device (SMD) plastic package. Rev. 03 11 December 2009 Product data sheet 1. Product profile 1.1 General description NPN/PNP low V CEsat Breakthrough in Small Signal (BISS) transistor pair in a SOT457 (SC-74) Surface Mounted Device

More information

absolute maximum ratings at 25 C case temperature (unless otherwise noted)

absolute maximum ratings at 25 C case temperature (unless otherwise noted) ,, B, C, D Designed for Complementary Use with BDW84, BDW84A, BDW84B, BDW84C and BDW84D W at C Case Temperature A Continuous Collector Current Minimum h FE of 70 at 3, 6 A B C E SOT-93 PACKAGE (TOP IEW)

More information

2SC3457. isc Silicon NPN Power Transistor. isc Product Specification. INCHANGE Semiconductor. isc Website:

2SC3457. isc Silicon NPN Power Transistor. isc Product Specification. INCHANGE Semiconductor. isc Website: INCHANGE Semiconductor isc Silicon NPN Power Transistor isc Product Specification DESCRIPTION High Breakdown oltage- : (BR)CBO = 1100(Min) Fast Switching Speed Wide Area of Safe Operation APPLICATIONS

More information

DATA SHEET. BC856; BC857; BC858 PNP general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2003 Apr 09

DATA SHEET. BC856; BC857; BC858 PNP general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2003 Apr 09 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET Supersedes data of 23 Apr 9 24 Jan 16 FEATURES Low current (max. 1 ma) Low voltage (max. 65 V). APPLICATIONS General purpose switching and amplification. PINNING PIN

More information

PN2907 / MMBT2907 PNP General-Purpose Transistor

PN2907 / MMBT2907 PNP General-Purpose Transistor PN2907 / MMBT2907 PNP General-Purpose Transistor Description This device is designed for use with general-purpose amplifiers and switches requiring collector currents to 500 ma. Sourced from process 63.

More information

BC847BPDXV6T5G. SBC847BPDXV6 NPN/PNP Dual General Purpose Transistor

BC847BPDXV6T5G. SBC847BPDXV6 NPN/PNP Dual General Purpose Transistor BC847BPDX6, SBC847BPDX6 NPN/PNP Dual General Purpose Transistor This transistor is designed for general purpose amplifier applications. It is housed in the SOT563 which is designed for low power surface

More information

DATA SHEET. BC846; BC847; BC848 NPN general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2002 Feb 04

DATA SHEET. BC846; BC847; BC848 NPN general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2002 Feb 04 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET Supersedes data of 22 Feb 4 24 Feb 6 FEATURES Low current (max. 1 ma) Low voltage (max. 65 V). APPLICATIONS General purpose switching and amplification. PINNING PIN 1

More information

DATA SHEET. BC856; BC857; BC858 PNP general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 12

DATA SHEET. BC856; BC857; BC858 PNP general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 12 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET book, halfpage M3D88 Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 12 22 Feb 4 FEATURES Low current (max. 1 ma) Low voltage (max. 65 V). APPLICATIONS General purpose switching and amplification.

More information

HARDENED PNP SILICON SWITCHING TRANSISTOR

HARDENED PNP SILICON SWITCHING TRANSISTOR 6 Lake Street, Lawrence, MA 01841 RADIATION HARDENED PNP SILICON SWITCHING TRANSISTOR Qualified per MIL-PRF-19500/291 DEVICES LEVELS 2N2906A 2N2907A JANSM 3K Rads (Si) 2N2906AL 2N2907AL JANSD 10K Rads

More information

150 V, 2 A NPN high-voltage low V CEsat (BISS) transistor

150 V, 2 A NPN high-voltage low V CEsat (BISS) transistor Rev. 0 November 2009 Product data sheet. Product profile. General description NPN high-voltage low V CEsat Breakthrough In Small Signal (BISS) transistor in a medium power SOT223 (SC-73) Surface-Mounted

More information

2SC3074 2SC3074. High Current Switching Applications. Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25 C)

2SC3074 2SC3074. High Current Switching Applications. Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25 C) SC7 TOSHIBA Transistor Silicon NPN Epitaxial Type (PCT process) SC7 High Current Switching Applications Unit: mm Low collector saturation voltage: VCE (sat) =. V (max) (IC = A) High speed switching time:

More information

65 V, 100 ma NPN/PNP general-purpose transistor. Table 1. Product overview Type number Package NPN/NPN PNP/PNP Nexperia JEITA

65 V, 100 ma NPN/PNP general-purpose transistor. Table 1. Product overview Type number Package NPN/NPN PNP/PNP Nexperia JEITA Rev. 1 17 July 29 Product data sheet 1. Product profile 1.1 General description NPN/PNP general-purpose transistor pair in a very small Surface-Mounted Device (SMD) plastic package. Table 1. Product overview

More information

C1 (2) C2 (1) E1 (3) E2 (4) Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCV61B BCV61C 2 = C1 2 = C1 1 = C2 1 = C2

C1 (2) C2 (1) E1 (3) E2 (4) Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCV61B BCV61C 2 = C1 2 = C1 1 = C2 1 = C2 NPN Silicon Double Transistor To be used as a current mirror Good thermal coupling and V BE matching High current gain Low collectoremitter saturation voltage C1 (2) C2 (1) 2 Tr.1 Tr.2 1 VPS05178 E1 ()

More information

2N4401. General Purpose Transistors. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features. MAXIMUM RATINGS MARKING DIAGRAM

2N4401. General Purpose Transistors. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features.  MAXIMUM RATINGS MARKING DIAGRAM Preferred Device General Purpose Transistors NPN Silicon Features PbFree Packages are Available* COLLECTOR 3 MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit Collector Emitter Voltage V CEO 4 Vdc Collector Base

More information

55:041 Electronic Circuits The University of Iowa Fall Exam 2

55:041 Electronic Circuits The University of Iowa Fall Exam 2 Exam 2 Name: Score /60 Question 1 One point unless indicated otherwise. 1. An engineer measures the (step response) rise time of an amplifier as t r = 0.35 μs. Estimate the 3 db bandwidth of the amplifier.

More information

RADIATION HARDENED NPN SILICON SWITCHING TRANSISTOR Qualified per MIL-PRF-19500/255

RADIATION HARDENED NPN SILICON SWITCHING TRANSISTOR Qualified per MIL-PRF-19500/255 RADIATION HARDENED NPN SILICON SWITCHING TRANSISTOR Qualified per MIL-PRF-19500/255 DEVICES LEVELS 2N2221A 2N2222A JANSM 3K Rads (Si) 2N2221AL 2N2222AL JANSD K Rads (Si) 2N2221AUA 2N2222AUA JANSP 30K Rads

More information

Pb-free (RoHS compliant) package Qualified according AEC Q101 C1 (2) Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCV62A BCV62B BCV62C 2 = C1 2 = C1 2 = C1

Pb-free (RoHS compliant) package Qualified according AEC Q101 C1 (2) Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCV62A BCV62B BCV62C 2 = C1 2 = C1 2 = C1 PNP Silicon Double Transistor To be used as a current mirror Good thermal coupling and V BE matching High current gain Low collector-emitter saturation voltage 1 2 Pb-free (RoHS compliant) package Qualified

More information

DATA SHEET. PBSS4480X 80 V, 4 A NPN low V CEsat (BISS) transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2004 Aug 5

DATA SHEET. PBSS4480X 80 V, 4 A NPN low V CEsat (BISS) transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2004 Aug 5 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET ook, halfpage M3D09 Supersedes data of 2004 Aug 5 2004 Oct 25 FEATURES High h FE and low V CEsat at high current operation High collector current capability: I C maximum

More information

DATA SHEET. BC846W; BC847W; BC848W NPN general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 23

DATA SHEET. BC846W; BC847W; BC848W NPN general purpose transistors DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 23 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET book, halfpage M3D12 Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 23 22 Feb 4 FEATURES Low current (max. 1 ma) Low voltage (max. 65 V). APPLICATIONS General purpose switching and amplification.

More information

Silicon Diffused Power Transistor

Silicon Diffused Power Transistor GENERAL DESCRIPTION High voltage, high-speed switching npn transistors in a fully isolated SOT99 envelope, primarily for use in horizontal deflection circuits of colour television receivers. QUICK REFERENCE

More information

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. book, halfpage M3D302. PBSS4240DPN 40 V low V CEsat NPN/PNP transistor. Product specification 2003 Feb 20

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. book, halfpage M3D302. PBSS4240DPN 40 V low V CEsat NPN/PNP transistor. Product specification 2003 Feb 20 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET book, halfpage M3D32 PBSS424DPN 4 V low V CEsat NPN/PNP transistor 23 Feb 2 FEATURES Low collector-emitter saturation voltage V CEsat High collector current capability

More information

4N25/ 4N26/ 4N27/ 4N28. Optocoupler with Phototransistor Output. Vishay Telefunken. Description. Applications. Features.

4N25/ 4N26/ 4N27/ 4N28. Optocoupler with Phototransistor Output. Vishay Telefunken. Description. Applications. Features. Optocoupler with Phototransistor Output Description The 4N25/ 4N26/ 4N27/ 4N28 consist of a phototransistor optically coupled to a gallium arsenide infrared-emitting diode in a 6-lead plastic dual-inline

More information

DATA SHEET. PH2369 NPN switching transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Apr Oct 11.

DATA SHEET. PH2369 NPN switching transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 1999 Apr Oct 11. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET book, halfpage M3D186 Supersedes data of 1999 Apr 27 2004 Oct 11 FEATURES Low current (max. 200 ma) Low voltage (max. 15 V). APPLICATIONS High-speed switching. PINNING

More information

DATA SHEET. PMEM4010ND NPN transistor/schottky diode module DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product data sheet Supersedes data of 2002 Oct 28.

DATA SHEET. PMEM4010ND NPN transistor/schottky diode module DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product data sheet Supersedes data of 2002 Oct 28. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET book, halfpage M3D302 NPN transistor/schottky diode module Supersedes data of 2002 Oct 28 2003 Jul 04 FEATURES 600 mw total power dissipation High current capability

More information

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. ok, halfpage M3D302. PMEM4020ND NPN transistor/schottky-diode module. Product data sheet 2003 Nov 10

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. ok, halfpage M3D302. PMEM4020ND NPN transistor/schottky-diode module. Product data sheet 2003 Nov 10 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET ok, halfpage M3D302 NPN transistor/schottky-diode module 2003 Nov 0 FEATURES 600 mw total power dissipation High current capability Reduces required PCB area Reduced

More information

CHAPTER.4: Transistor at low frequencies

CHAPTER.4: Transistor at low frequencies CHAPTER.4: Transistor at low frequencies Introduction Amplification in the AC domain BJT transistor modeling The re Transistor Model The Hybrid equivalent Model Introduction There are three models commonly

More information

DC Biasing. Dr. U. Sezen & Dr. D. Gökçen (Hacettepe Uni.) ELE230 Electronics I 15-Mar / 59

DC Biasing. Dr. U. Sezen & Dr. D. Gökçen (Hacettepe Uni.) ELE230 Electronics I 15-Mar / 59 Contents Three States of Operation BJT DC Analysis Fixed-Bias Circuit Emitter-Stabilized Bias Circuit Voltage Divider Bias Circuit DC Bias with Voltage Feedback Various Dierent Bias Circuits pnp Transistors

More information

Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCX42 BSS63 1 = B 1 = B 2 = E 2 = E

Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCX42 BSS63 1 = B 1 = B 2 = E 2 = E , PNP Silicon AF an Swiching Transistors For general AF applications High breakdown voltage Low collectoremitter saturation voltage Complementary types: BCX4, BSS64 (NPN) VPS6 Type Marking Pin Configuration

More information

MMBT3904-G (NPN) General Purpose Transistor. RoHS Device. Features. Maximum Ratings (at TA=25 C unless otherwise noted) Thermal Characteristics SOT-23

MMBT3904-G (NPN) General Purpose Transistor. RoHS Device. Features. Maximum Ratings (at TA=25 C unless otherwise noted) Thermal Characteristics SOT-23 MMBT904-G (NPN) RoHS Device Features -Epitaxial planar die construction -s complementary type, the PNP transistor MMBT904-G is recommended 0.0 (.) 0.047 (.0) SOT- 0.0 (.04) 0. (.80) 0.080 (.04) 0.070 (.78)

More information

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) BUK856-8A GENERAL DESCRIPTION QUICK REFERENCE DATA Fast-switching N-channel insulated SYMBOL PARAMETER MAX. UNIT gate bipolar power transistor in a plastic envelope. V CE Collector-emitter voltage 8 V

More information

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. BFR106 NPN 5 GHz wideband transistor. Product specification File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. BFR106 NPN 5 GHz wideband transistor. Product specification File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14 September 1995 DESCRIPTION PINNING NPN silicon planar epitaxial transistor in a plastic SOT3 envelope. It is primarily intended

More information

DATA SHEET. BFG31 PNP 5 GHz wideband transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS Sep 12

DATA SHEET. BFG31 PNP 5 GHz wideband transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS Sep 12 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET Supersedes data of November 199 File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14 1995 Sep 1 FEATURES High output voltage capability High gain bandwidth product Good thermal stability

More information

In data sheets and application notes which still contain NXP or Philips Semiconductors references, use the references to Nexperia, as shown below.

In data sheets and application notes which still contain NXP or Philips Semiconductors references, use the references to Nexperia, as shown below. Important notice Dear Customer, On 7 February 2017 the former NXP Standard Product business became a new company with the tradename Nexperia. Nexperia is an industry leading supplier of Discrete, Logic

More information

DATA SHEET. BC368 NPN medium power transistor; 20 V, 1 A DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2003 Dec 01.

DATA SHEET. BC368 NPN medium power transistor; 20 V, 1 A DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2003 Dec 01. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET book, halfpage M3D86 Supersedes data of 2003 Dec 0 2004 Nov 05 FEATURES High current. APPLICATIONS Linear voltage regulators Low side switch Supply line switch for negative

More information

Transistors E ITT INTERMETALL

Transistors E ITT INTERMETALL Transistors 6--E ITT INTERMETALL All information and data contained in this data book are without any commitment, are not to be considered as an offer for conclusion of a contract nor shall they be construed

More information

BCW61..., BCX71... PNP Silicon AF Transistors. For AF input stages and driver applications High current gain Low collector-emitter saturation voltage

BCW61..., BCX71... PNP Silicon AF Transistors. For AF input stages and driver applications High current gain Low collector-emitter saturation voltage PNP Silicon AF Transistors For AF input stages and driver applications High current gain Low collectoremitter saturation voltage Low noise between Hz and khz Complementary types: BCW6, BCX7 (NPN) Pbfree

More information

4N35/ 4N36/ 4N37. Optocoupler with Phototransistor Output. Vishay Telefunken. Description. Applications. Features.

4N35/ 4N36/ 4N37. Optocoupler with Phototransistor Output. Vishay Telefunken. Description. Applications. Features. Optocoupler with Phototransistor Output Description The 4N35/ 4N36/ 4N37 consist of a phototransistor optically coupled to a gallium arsenide infraredemitting diode in a 6-lead plastic dual inline package.

More information

DATA SHEET. PBSS4540Z 40 V low V CEsat NPN transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2001 Jul Nov 14.

DATA SHEET. PBSS4540Z 40 V low V CEsat NPN transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2001 Jul Nov 14. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET age M3D087 PBSS4540Z 40 V low V CEsat NPN transistor Supersedes data of 2001 Jul 24 2001 Nov 14 FEATURES Low collector-emitter saturation voltage High current capabilities

More information

Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCM846S 1Ms 1=E1 2=B1 3=C2 4=E2 5=B2 6=C1 SOT363

Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCM846S 1Ms 1=E1 2=B1 3=C2 4=E2 5=B2 6=C1 SOT363 NPN Silicon AF Transistor Array Precision matched transistor pair: I C % For current mirror applications Low collectoremitter saturation voltage Two (galvanic) internal isolated Transistors Complementary

More information

DATA SHEET. PBSS5350D 50 V low V CEsat PNP transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2001 Jul Nov 13.

DATA SHEET. PBSS5350D 50 V low V CEsat PNP transistor DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2001 Jul Nov 13. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET age M3D302 PBSS5350D 50 V low V CEsat PNP transistor Supersedes data of 2001 Jul 13 2001 Nov 13 FEATURES Low collector-emitter saturation voltage High current capability

More information

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. BFQ149 PNP 5 GHz wideband transistor. Product specification File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. BFQ149 PNP 5 GHz wideband transistor. Product specification File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14 September 1995 DESCRIPTION PINNING PNP transistor in a SOT89 envelope. It is intended for use in UHF applications such as broadband

More information

=25 C Avalanche Energy, single pulse 65 I C. C Soldering Temperature, for 10 seconds 300, (0.063 in. (1.6mm) from case)

=25 C Avalanche Energy, single pulse 65 I C. C Soldering Temperature, for 10 seconds 300, (0.063 in. (1.6mm) from case) PD- 94117 IRGP2B12U-E INSULATED GATE BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR Features UltraFast IGBT UltraFast Non Punch Through (NPT) Technology 1 µs Short Circuit capability Square RBSOA Positive V CE (on) Temperature Coefficient

More information

DATA SHEET. BCP69 PNP medium power transistor; 20 V, 1 A DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2002 Nov 15.

DATA SHEET. BCP69 PNP medium power transistor; 20 V, 1 A DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS. Product specification Supersedes data of 2002 Nov 15. DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET dbook, halfpage M3D087 Supersedes data of 2002 Nov 15 2003 Nov 25 FEATURES High current Three current gain selections 1.4 W total power dissipation. APPLICATIONS Linear

More information

2N2904A-2N2905A 2N2906A-2N2907A

2N2904A-2N2905A 2N2906A-2N2907A 2N2904A-2N2905A 2N2906A-2N2907A GENERAL PURPOSE AMPLIFIERS AND SITCHES DESCRIPTION The 2N2904A, 2N2905A, 2N2906A and 2N2907A are silicon planar epitaxial PNP transistors in Jedec TO-39 (for 2N2904A and

More information

2N4403. PNP Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features MAXIMUM RATINGS THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS MARKING DIAGRAM

2N4403. PNP Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available*  Features MAXIMUM RATINGS THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS MARKING DIAGRAM N443 Preferred Device General Purpose Transistors PNP Silicon Features PbFree Packages are Available* COLLECTOR 3 MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit BASE Collector Emitter Voltage V CEO 4 Vdc Collector

More information

IRGPS40B120UP INSULATED GATE BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR UltraFast IGBT

IRGPS40B120UP INSULATED GATE BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR UltraFast IGBT PD- 95899A IRGPS4B12UP INSULATED GATE BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR UltraFast IGBT Features Non Punch Through IGBT Technology. 1µs Short Circuit Capability. Square RBSOA. Positive VCE (on) Temperature Coefficient.

More information

Figure 1 Basic epitaxial planar structure of NPN. Figure 2 The 3 regions of NPN (left) and PNP (right) type of transistors

Figure 1 Basic epitaxial planar structure of NPN. Figure 2 The 3 regions of NPN (left) and PNP (right) type of transistors Figure 1 Basic epitaxial planar structure of NPN Figure 2 The 3 regions of NPN (left) and PNP (right) type of transistors Lecture Notes: 2304154 Physics and Electronics Lecture 6 (2 nd Half), Year: 2007

More information

IRGB8B60KPbF IRGS8B60KPbF IRGSL8B60KPbF C

IRGB8B60KPbF IRGS8B60KPbF IRGSL8B60KPbF C INSULATED GATE BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR Features Low VCE (on) Non Punch Through IGBT Technology. 1µs Short Circuit Capability. Square RBSOA. Positive VCE (on) Temperature Coefficient. Lead-Free. Benefits Benchmark

More information

Chapter 2 - DC Biasing - BJTs

Chapter 2 - DC Biasing - BJTs Objectives Chapter 2 - DC Biasing - BJTs To Understand: Concept of Operating point and stability Analyzing Various biasing circuits and their comparison with respect to stability BJT A Review Invented

More information

BCM857BV; BCM857BS; BCM857DS

BCM857BV; BCM857BS; BCM857DS BCM857BV; BCM857BS; BCM857DS Rev. 05 27 June 2006 Product data sheet 1. Product profile 1.1 General description in small Surface-Mounted Device (SMD) plastic packages. The transistors are fully isolated

More information

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. BFQ19 NPN 5 GHz wideband transistor. Product specification File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14

DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET. BFQ19 NPN 5 GHz wideband transistor. Product specification File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14 DISCRETE SEMICONDUCTORS DATA SHEET File under Discrete Semiconductors, SC14 September 1995 DESCRIPTION PINNING NPN transistor in a SOT89 plastic envelope intended for application in thick and thin-film

More information

2SC5748 2SC5748. Horizontal Deflection Output for HDTV&Digital TV. Maximum Ratings (Tc 25 C) Electrical Characteristics (Tc 25 C)

2SC5748 2SC5748. Horizontal Deflection Output for HDTV&Digital TV. Maximum Ratings (Tc 25 C) Electrical Characteristics (Tc 25 C) TOSHIBA Transistor Silicon NPN Triple Diffused Mesa Type Horizontal Deflection Output for HDTV&Digital TV. Unit: mm High voltage: VCBO = V Low saturation voltage: VCE (sat) = V (max) High speed: tf =.

More information

BC546B, BC547A, B, C, BC548B, C. Amplifier Transistors. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features. MAXIMUM RATINGS

BC546B, BC547A, B, C, BC548B, C. Amplifier Transistors. NPN Silicon. Pb Free Packages are Available* Features.   MAXIMUM RATINGS B, A, B, C, B, C Amplifier Transistors NPN Silicon Features PbFree Packages are Available* COLLECTOR 1 MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol alue Unit 2 BASE Collector - Emitter oltage CEO 65 45 dc 3 EMITTER Collector

More information

2N4921, 2N4922, 2N4923. Medium Power Plastic NPN Silicon Transistors 1.0 AMPERE GENERAL PURPOSE POWER TRANSISTORS VOLTS, 30 WATTS

2N4921, 2N4922, 2N4923. Medium Power Plastic NPN Silicon Transistors 1.0 AMPERE GENERAL PURPOSE POWER TRANSISTORS VOLTS, 30 WATTS 2N4923 is a Preferred Device MediumPower Plastic NPN Silicon Transistors These highperformance plastic devices are designed for driver circuits, switching, and amplifier applications. Features Low Saturation

More information

Switching Regulators MC33063A SOP

Switching Regulators MC33063A SOP MC0A Features Operation from.0 to 0 Input Low Standby Current Current Limiting Output oltage Adjustable Frequency Operation to 00 khz Pb Free Packages are Available Output Current to. A SOP- 0. 0.0-0.0.0

More information

IRGP30B60KD-EP V CES = 600V I C = 30A, T C =100 C. t sc > 10µs, T J =150 C. V CE(on) typ. = 1.95V. Absolute Maximum Ratings. Thermal Resistance

IRGP30B60KD-EP V CES = 600V I C = 30A, T C =100 C. t sc > 10µs, T J =150 C. V CE(on) typ. = 1.95V. Absolute Maximum Ratings. Thermal Resistance INSULATED GATE BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR WITH ULTRAFAST SOFT RECOVERY DIODE Features Low V CE (on) Non Punch Through IGBT Technology. Low Diode V F. 1µs Short Circuit Capability. Square RBSOA. Ultrasoft Diode

More information

2N5401. PNP Silicon. These are Pb Free Devices* Features. MAXIMUM RATINGS THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS MARKING DIAGRAM

2N5401. PNP Silicon. These are Pb Free Devices* Features.   MAXIMUM RATINGS THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS MARKING DIAGRAM Preferred Device Amplifier Transistors PNP Silicon Features These are PbFree Devices* MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol alue Unit Collector Emitter oltage CEO 1 Collector Base oltage CBO 16 Emitter Base oltage

More information

CA3086. General Purpose NPN Transistor Array. Applications. Pinout. Ordering Information. Data Sheet August 2003 FN483.5

CA3086. General Purpose NPN Transistor Array. Applications. Pinout. Ordering Information. Data Sheet August 2003 FN483.5 Data Sheet August FN8. General Purpose NPN Transistor Array The consists of five general-purpose silicon NPN transistors on a common monolithic substrate. Two of the transistors are internally connected

More information

MMIX4B22N300 V CES. = 3000V = 22A V CE(sat) 2.7V I C90

MMIX4B22N300 V CES. = 3000V = 22A V CE(sat) 2.7V I C90 Advance Technical Information High Voltage, High Gain BIMOSFET TM Monolithic Bipolar MOS Transistor (Electrically Isolated Tab) C G EC3 Symbol Test Conditions Maximum Ratings G3 C2 G2 E2C V CES = 25 C

More information

PZT2222A. NPN Silicon Planar Epitaxial Transistor SOT 223 PACKAGE NPN SILICON TRANSISTOR SURFACE MOUNT

PZT2222A. NPN Silicon Planar Epitaxial Transistor SOT 223 PACKAGE NPN SILICON TRANSISTOR SURFACE MOUNT NPN Silicon Planar Epitaxial Transistor This NPN Silicon Epitaxial transistor is designed for use in linear and switching applications. The device is housed in the SOT223 package which is designed for

More information