Status of COPS. From Scientific Preparation Towards Operation

Transcription

1 Status of COPS From Scientific Preparation Towards Operation Andreas Behrendt, Volker Wulfmeyer, Christoph Kottmeier, Ulrich Corsmeier, George Craig, Martin Hagen, Susanne Crewell, Hans-Stefan Bauer + ISSC + Participants of 1st and 2nd COPS Workshop Updated version, 10 May 2006

2 COPS A field experiment within the German QPF Program PQP Goal: Advance the quality of forecasts of orographically-induced convective precipitation by 4D observations and modeling of its life cycle Region: Southwestern Germany, eastern France Duration: 3 months Date: Summer 2007 Features: Severe thunderstorm activity but low QPF skill Information: COPS Natural convection laboratory Suggested area (270 x 150 km 2 ) Supersite

3 International Collaboration: European Summer Experiments 2007 EUMETSAT special satellite operation modes and data THORPEX Regional Campaign (ETReC07) General Observations Period (GOP) region, duration: 1 year in 2007 Transport and Chemistry in Convective Systems (TRACKS) region COPS region (WWRP RDP) SFB 641 Tropospheric Ice Phase Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP) Forecast Demonstration Project (FDP) region, D-PHASE (WWRP RDP) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Mobile Facility (AMF)

4 Phase 1 Timeline Phase 2 Phase 3: COPS, GOP data exploitation Model evaluation Phase 3 Process studies Data assimilation studies Re-analyses Predictability studies April 2004 April 2005 April 2006 April 2007 April 2008 April 2009 April 2010 COPS project office at 1st COPS workshop MAP DPHASE DFG proposal submission 2nd COPS workshop 3rd COPS & GOP workshop PRINCE TRACKS COPS GOP ETReC07 MAP D- PHASE AMF

5 PQP field programs organizational structure COPS ISSC Science Overview Document Operations Plan Convection Initiation (CI) Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics (ACM) Precipitation and its Life Cycle (PPL) Data Assimilation and Predictability (DAP) COPS Coordinator: Operations Logistics Mission planning Model preparation Data archiving General Observations Period (GOP) Education at Universities and Schools

6 Upper tropospheric features play a significant but not decisive role for convectivescale QPF in moderate orographic terrain. ETReC07, CI, GOP, DAP Accurate modeling of the orographic controls of convection is essential and only possible with advanced mesoscale models having a resolution of the order of a few kilometers D-PHASE, CI, ACM, PPL, DAP Location and timing of CI depends critically on the structure of the humidity field in the planetary boundary layer Continental and maritime aerosol type clouds develop differently over mountainous terrain leading to different intensities and distributions of precipitation TRACKS, SFB 641, ACM, PPL Novel instrumentation during COPS can be designed so that parameterizations of sub-grid scale processes in complex terrain can be improved (ALL) Real-time data assimilation of key prognostic variables such as water vapor and dynamics is routinely possible and leads to a significant better short-range QPF (CI, DAP, GOP) COPS science hypotheses This shall be achieved by combining: 1) A synergy of unique in-situ and remote sensing instruments, 2) Advanced high-resolution models optimized for operation in complex terrain, 3) Data assimilation and 3rd ensemble COPS & GOP prediction Workshop, systems. 10 April 2006

7 Transect with supersites Observation strategy Optimization of radar coverage Large-scale and mesoscale observations provided by DLR Falcon aircraft. POLDIRAD S-POLKa Regional observations between supersites performed by Do-128, Safire F20, S4 S2 S1 S3 and UK Cessna aircrafts. Cloud microphysics with UK BAE 146. Montancy (F)

8 Radar Coverage Radar coverage considering orographic shielding. Bright colors: Doppler radar coverage; blue colors multiple-doppler analysis is possible at 1000 m and 5000 m MSL

9 S1 AMF WV DIAL RR Lidar WindTracer MWL & WiLi HATPRO FZK Cloud Radar UHOH X Radiosondes Rhine valley RS Station (mobile) DOW S4 CNRS Raman lidar CNRS Doppler lidar ASMUWARA Cloud radar S4 2 FZK Sodars UF Sodar Supersites S2 Hartheim S1 Black-Forrest valley entrances S3 Tuttlingen S3 UNIBAS Raman lidar S2 UK Doppler lidar UK Ozone an Aerosol Lidar MICCY TARA Lidars Cloud radars Precip. radars Radiometers CNR Raman Lidar CNR Radiometer UHH Cloud Radar WTR Sodar/RASS Between S1 and S3 RS Station (mobile) DOW

10 Zoom in view in Northern Black Forest S2 Rhine Valley Hornisgrinde Rench Valley Murg Valley S1 AMF FZK Enz Valley Nagold Valley Energy balance stations Flux stations (turb. towers) Radiation turbulence clusters Soil moisture sensors Mesonet Radiosonde stations (RS) Sodars MRRs GPS S1 UHOH WV DIAL UHOH RRL Windtracer UHOH X-band FZK cloud radar Kinzig Valley 10 km AMF AMF HATPRO + 90/150 GHz MWL & WiLi (incl. RS)

11 The Black Forest AMF Site AMF Core instruments SKY Rads SKY IRT GRD Rads GRD IRT MFRSR SMET WD SMET T/RH SMET BAR SMETORG(815) PWD TSI ECOR BBSS Digi/Ant CEIL MPL MWR MWRP NFOV AERI WACR (94Ghz) CIMEL RWP (1290Mhz) CIMEL Radiometer IR Therm Radiometer IR Therm Radiometer Anemometer Temp/humid Barometer Rain gage Present Weather Detector Camera Eddy Correlation Up air sonde Lidar Lidar Radiometer Radiometer Radiometer Interferometer Radar Photometer Radar Wind Profiler AOS Core Instruments TSI neph x 2 Dry TSI neph + humidograph RR PSAP CPC (or CNC?) CPC=CNC CCNC Sun Photometer Aerosols TSI 3563 Nephelometer at low RH Nephelometer + humidograph system for scanning RH Radiance Research 3 wavelength Particle soot absorption photometer TSI 3010 Condensation nuclei counter DMT Cloud condensation nuclei counter

12 The Black Forest AMF Site + 14 channel scanning microwave radiometer HATPRO (LMU) + 90/150 GHz radiometer (LMU) + Online implementation for Integrated Profiling Technique (IPT) Löhnert et al & COST 720: - Profiles for T and q, LWP, IWV, r eff - Online model evaluation for AMF and Cloudnet stations + Micro rain radar (UHH) + Multi-wavelength lidar (IfT) + Doppler lidar (IfT) + Scanning water vapor DIAL (UHOH) + Scanning rotational Raman lidar (UHOH) + Scanning Doppler lidar (FZK) + 36-GHz scanning cloud radar (FZK)

13 DFG Budget and its distribution COPS/GOP: 2 Mio, separate from general PQP budget Allocated for transportation, operation, staff for operation (largely internal funding!), data archiving, workshops, coordination, logistics, data management, educational component >2 Mio additional internal funding of COPS participants Data exploitation in phase 3 of PQP

14 German Research Observation Systems Funded for COPS (part 1) Radiation-turbulence-stations & towers (energy balance stations, scintillometers,...) Soil moisture sensors Weather stations Rain gauges, disdrometer, tipping buckets GPS receivers Radiosonde stations, drop-up sondes Continuously operating, fixed-mode remote sensing instruments Karlsruhe Radar Ceilometers FTIR & MW Radiometers Micro-rain-radars Additional satellite products for COPS (e.g., MSG rapid scans)

15 German Research Observation Systems Funded for COPS (Part 2)... mobile, adaptive-mode-scanning, and partly not operated continuously DLR Falcon with H2O DIAL, Doppler Lidar, dropsondes DO 128 Scanning H2O DIAL Scanning RR Temperature Lidar Scanning Doppler Lidars WindTracer & WiLi Multi-Wavelength Raman Lidar IfT FZK Cloud Radar UHH Cloud Radar POLDIRAD 2 FZK Sodars, 1 UF Sodar UB Sodar/RASS FZK WTR Scanning MW Radiometers HATPRO & MICCY The German instruments form the basis for additional international participation...

16 Foreign Research Observation Systems Requested for COPS France Falcon 20 aircraft with WV DIAL, dropsondes, turbulence instr. Polarization-Doppler Radar Raman lidar UK: CATICT X-band radar Cessna aircraft UHF BL radar BAE 146 aircraft GPS Receivers 3 Doppler lidars Ozone & Aerosol lidar Wind profiler 3 sodars US 3 radiosonde stations ARM Mobile Facility Tether balloon with sondes SPolKa New flux masts DOWs Italy 5 Energy balance st....? UNIBAS Lidar Aerosol instruments CNR Lidars Gas Chromatographs CNR Radiometer The Netherlands TARA Austria Switzerland U. Vienna instruments TROWARA

17 Envisioned airborne platforms during COPS MPIC Learjet (max. 13 km): Chemistry +? DLR Falcon (6 10 km AGL): WV DIAL, Doppler lidar (conical scanning), dropsondes, turb. fluxes SAFIRE F20 (6 10 km AGL): VW DIAL/RaLi?, dropsondes, p, T, q, u, v, w BAE 146 (max. 4 km), aerosol + cloud mircophysics instrumentation Do128 (0.3 3 km AGL): T surface, upwelling & downwelling radiation and turb. fluxes UK Cessna (PBL) T, WV, wind, aerosols FZJ Zeppelin NT (max. 2 km): Chemistry +? Flight coordination & communication with Air Safety Control: Heinz Finkenzeller, DLR

18 June 2007 July 2007 August 2007 DLR Falcon 30 allocation days (weekends do not count unless IOP) 45 flight hours + additional operation by EUFAR? Reservation: 11 June: implementation of instruments 18 June - 29 July: COPS deployment DO allocation days 100 flight hours + additional operation by EUFAR?

19 Guidance COPS Operations Center (OC) Operate webbased data management system as fast and user-fiendly interface to Visualize and discuss all forecasts and operational data available Select missions of the day Guide operations of the instruments Visualize and discuss COPS measurement data Real-time Quicklooks COPS Instruments Data & Quicklooks Quicklooks NINJO Fast and user-friendly interface for visualizing DWD forecasts operational data of DWD DWD EUMETSAT Data & Quicklooks COPS/GOP Data Archive Operate data bank for COPS data GOP data Operational forecasts and analyses Reseach forecasts and analyses Data & Quicklooks MAP-FDP/D-PHASE ETReC07 GTS Real-time Data... Assimilation

20 Operations Plan Descriptions of the COPS missions with typical meteorological situations, Description of all instruments with measured parameters, operation modes, logistical requirements (for the proposed German instruments, this information has already been collected), Briefing and debriefing procedures, Communication plan for sites, operation center, airbase, aircraft, and scientists, Communication plan for data flow (operational and COPS-specific data), Forecasting system, responsible forecasters, Air traffic control issues, Alerting procedures for the investigators in the field, Names and responsibilities of operation manager, missions leaders, supersite managers, Details of the Operation Center Data Management System, Procedures for decision making.

21 Aims of this workshop: Which setup for ground-based instrumentation? Missions for airplanes & flexible instruments? Data and information flow? Responsibilities?