Aerosol, Cloud, Precipitation, and Radiation Interactions and Dynamics of Convective Cloud Systems (ACRIDICON)
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1 Aerosol, Cloud, Precipitation, and Radiation Interactions and Dynamics of Convective Cloud Systems (ACRIDICON) Project Outline for a HALO Demo Mission Coordinated by M. Wendisch (Uni Leipzig) and U. Pöschl (MPIC Mainz) Universities Berlin (FU) Darmstadt Frankfurt Heidelberg Köln Leipzig Mainz München (LMU) Research Institutes DLR Oberpfaffenhofen FZ Jülich IfT Leipzig KIT Karlsruhe MPIC Mainz MPIM Hamburg International Partners U Cambridge HU Jerusalem U Stockholm
2 Outline - General Objectives - Mission Types - Why do we need HALO? - Measurement Region and Season - Measurement Parameters and Techniques - Related SPP Proposals (Ongoing, Planned)
3 General Objectives Natural and Anthropogenic - Aerosol Particles - Trace Gases Outflow Radiative Budget Extratropical Deep Convective Clouds Processing Evolution Precipitation Inflow Precipitation Radiative Budget
4 Mission Types 1. Cloud Vertical Evolution (Cloud Profiling) 2. Aerosol Processing (Inflow, Outflow) 3. Satellite Validation (Cloud Products) 4. Vertical Transport & Mixing (Artificial Tracer) Contrast of pristine and highly polluted conditions (in comparable thermodynamic environments) Different thermodynamic conditions y (cloud base temperatures, humidity fields, wind shear)
5 Mission Type 1: Cloud Vertical Evolution Objectives Document and understand: - the vertical distribution of microphysical cloud properties in relation to inflow and outflow aerosol properties, - their temporal evolution, - phase transformations, and - warm and cold precipitation formation. CloudSat: Summer over Northern Spain
6 Mission Type 1: Cloud Vertical Evolution Strategy Fly and sample: - below cloud, - cloud base at early stage, - growing upshear parts (in and out of cloud), - anvil region, - above cloud top. Techniques Combine: - remote sensing, and - in situ measurements. Isolated Cloud Study
7 Mission Type 2: Aerosol Processing Objectives Document and understand: - aerosol and gas properties in the inflow and outflow, - the vertical redistribution of aerosols by cloud processing, - particle formation processes and the evolution of aerosol properties in the fresh and aged outflow, and - the cloud processing of aerosol of particles, in particular black carbon containing particles. Photo: Dan Rosenfeld
8 Mission Type 2: Aerosol Processing Strategy (a) Isolated Cloud Study 8-13 km 2-8 km 0-2 km
9 Mission Type 2: Aerosol Processing Strategy (b) Long Range Outflow Survey - Characterize aged particle outflow of several cloud systems. Compare with upper - Compare with upper troposphere background.
10 Mission Type 3: Satellite Validation Prim mary Pro oduct Objectives: Validate satellite products (clouds) of A-Train: MODIS (1), AMSR (2), AMSU (3), CloudSat (4), CALIPSO (5), POLDER (6), CERES (7) Quantity MSG: SEVIRI (8) Spectral Solar Radiance (1,6,7,8) Radar Reflectivity (4) Microwave Radiation (2,3) Polarized Spectral Solar Radiance (6) Lidar Attenuated Backscatter (5) Cloud Top Alt./Pressure/Temp. (1,2,3,4,5,6,8) Cloud Optical Thickness (1,6,8) Cloud Particle Diameter (1,6,8) Cloud Liquid Water Path (2,3,4) Cloud Ice Water Path (4) Cloud Phase (1,5,6,8) Vertical Distribution (2,3,4) Aerosol Properties (1,5,6) Energy Budget (7) Airborne Instrument In Situ SMART MWR Cloud Radar POLIS AMSSP Additional: Mini-DOAS (LWP, IWP) 5
11 Mission Type 3: Satellite Validation Strategy: Fast cloud development requires adequate methods! Stochastic approch Random flight tracks A-Train, UTC, Spain MODIS Total duration = 4-6 h 1 0
12 Mission Type 4: Vertical Transport & Mixing Objectives Document and understand - vertical mass transport, t - mixing of trace gases and aerosol particles via - scavenging and - wet removal.
13 Mission Type 4: Vertical Transport & Mixing Strategy - Tagging of inflow air by inert artificial tracer (e.g., PFC, CO) - Wait (half an hour)... - Characterize inflow - Vertical profiling (entrainment) - Penetrate anvil - Characterize outflow downwind the anvil Scavenging and wet removal: Concentration ratio of - trace gas or aerosol and - inert tracer (PFC, CO)
14 Why do we need HALO? High Ceiling We are dealing with DEEP convective clouds and crucially need to reach the: Outflow region Cloud top (anvil) Above cloud km altitude are required. Long Endurance Most of the missions take 4-6 hours. Cloud vertical evolution be followed, requires consecutive profiling. Long-range outflow. Statistics is crucial for satellite validation. Tracer needs time to distribute. Large Payload Combination of in-situ with remote sensing methods. Combination of aerosol and gas phase (tracer) measurements. Parallel measurements of cloud residual and interstitial aerosol properties.
15 Measurement Region and Season Region Northern Spain: Clean air and regional pollution expected. Season Summer 2011 (2 + 4 weeks) Valladolid Flight Hours = 70
16 Measurement Parameters and Techniques Aerosol particles: Cloud particles/nuclei: Radiation: SD, BC, CCN, IN, backscatter, depolarisation, mixing state, hygroscopicity SD, LWC, IWC spectral radiometers, lidar, DOAS, LWP, IWP, RWP, SWP, GWP, humidity and temperature profiles, vertical hydrometeor classification. Precipitation/dynamics: radar Trace gases: CO, O 3 3, SO 2 2, NO x x, NO y y,, PFC, CH 2O NO 2 2, HONO, BrO, IO, OIO, O 2 und O 4, H 2 O (Gas) Inlets: Wing station probes: CVI, MAI, HASI (submicrometer and micrometer) CAPS, CAS-DPOL, CCP, MTP, SID-3, UHSAS-A (size range & configuration: next page)
17 Measurement Parameters and Techniques Wing station probes
18 Related SPP Proposals Institution, PI Subject/Title U Berlin, Preusker/Ruhtz AMSSP (cont.) U Darmstadt, Ebert Single particle analysis UF Frankfurt, Bundke IN (cont.) U Hamburg, MPIM Stevens/Klepp HAMP (NARVAL+ACRIDICON) U Heidelberg, Pfeilsticker Photochemistry and cloud physics U Köln, Crewell HAMP: Microwave radiometry U Leipzig, Jäkel Spectral radiance cloud profiler U Leipzig, Ehrlich Satellite validition: Cloud phase and anvil properties U Leipzig, MPIC, Wendisch/Pöschl Cooordination & certification U Mainz, Borrmann PIP instrument (DMT) & certification U München, Wiegner Aerosol lidar (U Stockholm, Ekman Cloud modeling, not DFG) DLR, Minikin Aerosol microphysics and particle formation DLR, Schlager PERTRAS (cont.) DLR, Dörnbrack Mission planning tool IfT, Hermann Hygroscopicity and mixing state of aerosol particles IfT, Mertes HALO-CVI development and application MPIC, Pöschl CCN/Optics (cont.) MPIC, Schneider ALABAMA+AMS (cont.)
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