Overview of The CALIPSO Mission

Transcription

1 Overview of The CALIPSO Mission Dave Winker NASA-LaRC LaRC,, PI Jacques Pelon IPSL/CNRS, co-pi

2 Research Themes Improved understanding of the Earth s climate system is a primary goal of the Scientific Community

3 Science Objectives Primary Observationally-based estimates of direct and indirect aerosol radiative forcing Allow improved characterization of surface longwave radiative fluxes and atmospheric heating rates Improved model parameterizations of cloud-climate feedbacks Secondary Complementary measurements to validate and improve EOS Aqua data retrievals Data to improve the representation of aerosols in chemical models Monitoring long-range transport of pollutants Polar stratospheric cloud climatology for chemistry applications

4 MISSION REQUIREMENT The science objectives will be achieved by flying the lidar, the Imaging Infrared Radiometer (IIR) and a wide field camera (WFC) in formation with AQUA for a threeyear mission life. CALIPSO Co-manifested with CloudSat and Parasol

5 Synergies with the A-train The atrain polarization, multi-angle τ, P(θ) Aerosols and cirrus aerosol profiles, cloud tops Cirrus, D e thick clouds cirrus drizzle CERES: TOA fluxes MODIS: cloud r e, τ AMSR: LWP O 2 A- band OMI absorbing aerosol

6 Aerosol Radiative Forcing 1) Direct forcing Scattering and absorption of solar and terrestrial radiation by aerosols 2) Indirect forcing Effects of aerosols on the optical properties and lifetime of clouds

7 One Big Uncertainty: The Effects of Multilayer Clouds 20 LITE data, Western Africa, September1994 Thin Cirrus Ice clouds Altitude, km 10 Aerosols Mixed-phase clouds 0 LITE was able to penetrate cirrus to OD ~ 5-80% of profiles penetrated to top of boundary layer - expect similar from CALIPSO, with some averaging 20 o N, 3 o E 17 o N, 6 o E

8 Mission Concept PARASOL CloudSat CALIPSO Aqua Orbit: 705 km, 98 inclination, in formation with Aqua, CloudSat and Parasol Launch beginning of 2005 Aura Mission duration: 3 years Three co-aligned instruments: 3-channel lidar 532 nm 532 nm 1064 nm Complementary Instruments CloudSat radar (cloud profiles) Aqua CERES (top-of-the-atmosphere radiation) Aqua AIRS / AMSU-A / HSB (atmospheric state) Aqua MODIS (aerosol / cloud properties) PARASOL (aerosol / cloud properties) Aura OMI (aerosol absorption) Vertical distribution of aerosols and clouds Imaging IR radiometer Wide-field camera Aerosol / cloud properties

9 Instrument Characteristics Star Tracker X-Band Antenna Lidar Laser Nd: YAG, 2x110 mj Wavelength 532 nm, 1064 nm Repetition rate Hz Receiver telescope 1.0 m diameter Polarization 532 and Footprint/FOV 100 m / 130 µrad Vertical resolution m Horizontal resolution 333 m Wide Field Camera (WFC) Wavelength Spectral bandwidth IFOV / Swath 645 nm 50 nm 125 m / 60 km Laser/Transmitter Imaging Infrared Radiometer Wide-Field Camera Imaging Infrared Radiometer (IIR) Wavelength 8.7, 10.6, and 12.0 µm Spectral resolution µm IFOV / Swath 1 km / 64 km

10 Imaging Infrared Radiometer Warm Blackbody Cold Deep Space NedT 1 sigma value (83% of pixels) 8.65 µm µm K 0.20 K 0.27 K K 0.09 K 0.14 K 0.11 K 100 Filter transmissions for B1,B2 & B3 80 Global Cycle (40.92 s) Filter Wheel Transmission (%) BB DS DS DS DS Total 8,184 8,184 8,184 8,184 8,184 40,92 20 Earth Wavelength (µm) Filter B1 Filter B2 Filter B3 Detector normalized response Objective+mirror

11 Layer Detection: minimum backscatter 25 Assumptions: z = 60 m sfc albedo = 5% solar zenith = 0 o Altitude (km) km Sv Ci 1 km Cirrus single-shot day night 5 LITE aerosol Stratus 0 1E-4 1E Backscatter Cross-section (532 nm, /km/sr)

12 CALIPSO Detection Performance Simulation 1540 km LITE, Shuttle (260 km) Nighttime CALIPSO, Polar Orbit (705 km) Daytime

13 Layer Detection Simulation

14 Satellite covers a fixed grid every 16 days 16-day repeat cycle produces a grid spaced by 172 km at the equator

15 L3 nighttime LITE data : 1 week 5 x10 First Class : Red Low Level Green Middle Level Blue High Level Black Clear Sky White No data Second Class : 1 Low Level 2 Middle Level 3 High Level 4 Clear Sky * Flag ( Shot Nb < 100) S. Berthier, IPSL

16 Correlative Measurement Strategy Quid Pro Quo (QPQ) measurements (g/b) coordinate with established programs well-calibrated and characterized instrumentation spatial matching requirements dictate the usefulness of the sites Field campaigns (g/b, a/c) (validation and science) provide comprehensive measurement suites required to fully understand the retrieval performance provide spatially and temporally matched data in any location the number of independent samples obtained is usually limited coordinated with other NASA and international activities Other satellites climatological data sets large number of comparisons coverage over regions without suitable ground sites uniqueness of CALIPSO measurement suite

17 Data Level Data Products Production Schedule 1b Calibrated lidar profiles Calibrated IIR radiances Uncalibrated WFC radiances Meteorological profiles Lidar aerosol & cloud browse images Starts after a 90-day onorbit checkout phase (L+135 days). Thereafter, data produced on 2-day lag following receipt of all required ancillary data (e.g., meteorological profiles). 2a Lidar backscatter profiles Aerosol layer height/thickness Cloud height/thickness 2b Aerosol extinction, optical depth Cloud extinction, optical depth Cloud ice/water phase Ice particle size Cloud emissivity Preliminary release after 90-day on-orbit checkout phase (L+135 days). Data produced on 3-day lag thereafter. Archived after 18 month validation period Archived after 18 month validation period

18 Science Team R. Schwiesow, Ball Aero. M. Platt, CSU G. Stephens, CSU S. Ackerman, U.WI A. Heidinger, NOAA R. Hoff, UMBC Y. Kaufman, NASA/GSFC J. Pelon, Co-PI, IPSL P. Flamant, IPSL H. LeTreut, IPSL G. Megie, CNRS F. Breon, Atomic Energy Commission D. Tanré, Univ. of Lille J. Reagan, U.AZ J. Coakley, OSU B. Charlson, U.WA D. Winker, PI, NASA/LaRC T. Charlock, NASA/LaRC C. Hostetler, NASA/LaRC L. Poole, NASA/LaRC C. Trepte, NASA/LaRC B. Wielicki, NASA/LaRC M. P. McCormick, Co-PI, HU N. Loeb, HU A. Omar, HU