Action Items IHOP_2002 Aircraft Coordination Meeting (5-6 Nov) and IHOP_2002 Workshop (November 7-9, 2001)

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Action Items IHOP_2002 Aircraft Coordination Meeting (5-6 Nov) and IHOP_2002 Workshop (November 7-9, 2001)"

Transcription

1 Action Items IHOP_2002 Aircraft Coordination Meeting (5-6 Nov) and IHOP_2002 Workshop (November 7-9, 2001) Science Issues: A better marriage of components is needed (CI and QPF) or else the project will fall far short of expectations and potential Links to other NASA projects AVIRIS how does it fit in? Funding Issues: Straw-plan on OFAP cuts (Parsons) NWS sondes and resource discussion with NCAR and UCAR (Parsons) Find more money for NWS soundings (Gaynor) Increase DC-8 hours (Arnold) Nelson decision on which proposals will be funded Mobile Systems Define ABL requirements from Mobile Armada during joint CI/ABL missions (5 planned) Arrange for input to decision process from all mobile armada participants, not just FC. Determine if equipment exists for FC to coordinate all mobile groundbased systems. Define who will make the decision on which targets to pick, when to redeploy etc. (Norman Ops Center, mission scientist, FC etc.) Define real-time data needs: o at FC from Ops Center o on NRL P-3 by Aircraft mission scientist from Armada through FC o from FC to rest of the armada via Mobile Digital Network Address data format issues for mobile systems that use Freewave to transmit data to the FC. Agree on communications timetable, schedule, and frequency. Determine which mobile systems have VHF. Determine coordinated rendezvous stop for Mobile Armada outside of Norman, if needed Will MIPS, DOWS and mobile radiometer use Freewave? If not, what s the alternative? CI group defined the number of sondes needed for their missions within the context of the general OFAP allocation (420 GLASS, 115 CLASS)

2 The mission scientist for the CI missions will be located in the FC, for other missions the mission scientist will be either in Norman or on the P-3. Decide on the location of the NSSL repeater: FC vehicle. Real-time data needs at Ops Center from Mobile Armada: FC will create SMART-R image with MM overlay and put on internet in real time. FC systems will be at SMART-R, FC, MM, S-Pol, UWKA and P-3. Research Radar Operations Decide on final location of S-Pol Define S-Pol radar displays needed at Ops Center at various times. Define data products needed at S-Pol site (radar, satellite, forecasts etc). Define necessary coordination between S-Pol and the mobile radars. Distributed operations center with chain of command coming from S-Pol for aircraft microphysics studies. Define the list of IHOP radars. Write proposal for radar data display at Ops Center (done by RDP). Phone line at S-Pol (included in cost estimate). Other Ground-based Systems Define location of ISFF central station. Find alternative for communications/data transfer via radio modems from ISFF towers to central station if flight tracks are too long. Define where FAA permits flights at 100 feet altitude; will determine location of ISFF locations. Determine usefulness of data from these systems back to Norman. Decide which comparison with airborne systems would be useful. Request/confirm that special NWS launches get onto GTS system in realtime. Decide on ARM launching frequency schedule. What is the NWS notification process for IHOP to request supplemental launches? Aircraft Operations Aircraft-Specific Issues: Get DLR Falcon into the country Finalize Falcon contract Is TCAS system a FAA requirement? Falcon doesn t have one. Obtain permission for one-time observers on P-3. Pay attention to lightning avoidance issues on King Air. Bring in lightning network into Ops Center and S-Pol? Second pilot for King Air. Finalize Learjet lease

3 Arrange for air conditioning for P-3 on the ground. No second TDL can be provided to King Ai. King Air will borrow Lyman Alpha from ATD/RAF as a second humidity instrument. FAA and Military Issues: Determine where we are allowed to fly at low level (100 ft) in IHOP domain. Obtain altitude waiver and check into other FAA procedures. Feedback from Trevino about lidar and radar package for waiver Flight tracks: Resolve issues related to real-time aircraft tracks information to the Ops Center. Potential ATD solution? Decide how much flexibility exists regarding flight tracks (Altitude, location, etc.) Davis to review ABL checkerboard pattern suggested by Wulfmeyer. Are the flights too long? Dropsonde Issues: Decide how many dropsondes are needed for various missions. Coordinate frequency allocation for dropsondes and upsondes to prevent interference. Decide how far away from a boundary (perpendicular to the boundary) sondes will be dropped Work out spacing issues depending on parachute size and aircraft speed. Aircraft Communications Issues: Identify correct, dedicated aircraft to aircraft VHF frequencies (NASA frequencies Jennisen) King Air will not have Satcom system but use Freewave to transmit position and in situ data to the ground. P3 and King Air will have air-ground VHF-FM capabilities installed Other: Look at aircraft flight hour efficiencies Decide on realistic distribution of flight hours for all components Decide on Learjet work separation; e.g., dropsondes from leased jet/ Falcon provides lidar operations only.

4 Explore various airports as potential refueling stops for King Air and Falcon. Contacted US State Department reg. Falcon participation Contacted German Embassy reg. Falcon participation Contacted UCAR/Human Resources reg. temporary work visas for DLR staff. No TCAS system on Falcon in time for IHOP. Prepare list of one-time flyers/observers on P-3 Arrange for NP4Training for P3 Mission Scientists Flight track modifications: o Joint ABL-CI P-3 will take off first (correct on slide); o Move P-3 to the northern part of region in moisture mapping flights since it is on station the longest; o LLJ multiple a/c: Falcon and Aeromet Learjet should start at the same time but go in opposite directions. o DC-8 to go first on Moisture Mapping o Change P-3 flight direction on late BL evolution flight track. Lidar needs to look to the right towards S-Pol. o Change DC-8 altitude to 25,000 feet for all flight tracks to operate LASE eyesafe. FAA Aircraft Tracking System limited in scope for IHOP purposes Identify AWACS airplane radio communications coordinators for P-3 for air-to-air communications: NRL personnel. Instrument Intercomparisons Get validation table on web site Conduct pre-project intercomparison between C-130, King Air and P-3 and between air and ground systems (includes gust probe comparison between King Air and P-3) Develop flight plan for intercomparison flight legs either at the beginning of a mission during ferries or during dedicated intercomparison flights (about 2 hours) during the project PIs to check if instrument location and operational period can meet the objectives for planned intercomparisons. Decide on how many hours and dropsondes will be allocated for intercomparison flights. Decide on who will oversee the intercomparison. Establish data formats for intercomparison data sets. Define analysis responsibilities. Publish intercomparison datasets (ground systems versus airborne) before project for analysis. Provide input for Ops Plan Summary.

5 What supplemental data are needed to expand the capability of a particular instrument? Do we want to center a cluster of instruments outside the CART site? Publish instrument performance characteristics Define what data from intercomparisons are needed for models Include all PIs in instrumentation mailing list Forecasting Support Define forecasting products needed by each of the components. Define forecasting domain (same as IHOP domain?) Request/finalize HPC involvement: o Which products do we need? o Personnel o What does HPC need in terms of real-time data from IHOP? o How do we get the information to the HPC? Define NESDIS involvement. Which information will go into the IHOP data base/briefing (few products versus broader range)? Define which cloudiness product could be made available for QPF. Define how forecasts will impact IHOP mission priority. Further define mission selection process and details Expand nowcasting to some amount of forecasting in the afternoon. Combine time line of daily project activities and forecasting activities. IHOP will not attempt back-to-back day and night missions for Day1 Modeling Include other real-time efforts (NASA/Marshall, 5 km U Wisc) but not postexperimental modeling efforts Data Ingest and Management Define IHOP domain Real-Time Products vs. Archive Data: Decide which data are needed and which ones are needed in real-time. There is a cost involved (50 cents/phone call). Determine all data/product sources (NCAR, NESDIS, SAA, NASA, Internet, etc.) Set up ftp account with OK Mesonet to get special data to individual PIs for modeling effort. Define WSR-88D NIDS products requirement for archive (individual sites and national composite).

6 Arrange for ingestion of soundings into the GTS from Ops Center Create distributed data access. Create Distributed Archive Decide if any data restrictions are desired Include model output web links on Data Management Page (Koch, Williams) Modifications to data questionnaire: o include sub-box for those categories where no real-time are available anyway. o include skin temperature availability from the 100 sites of OK Mesonet sites. Get responses to questionnaire from PIs. Link to IHOP Data Management page of JOSS ( Prepare Data Questionnaire CRAFT level II data will be composited and then displayed at the Ops Center. Communications: Define who is going to put in all the radios and set up the system. Pieces need to be put together. Set priorities, rapidly. How do you arrange for timing of voice and data transmission without interference? Find radio equipment for S-Pol site. May require a tower. How do we coordinate with MIPS, MGLASS and S-POL: cell phones? Check on cell phone coverage in the area. At least in the crucial areas like Lamont they need to be working. Need scientist/scientist communication from P-3 to Falcon and from P-3 to Learjet. Aircraft that allow scientist/scientist communication: DC-8, P-3. Put FC near S-Pol when not used for CI missions. Freewave available at S-Pol, on King Air and P-3. Operational Support Issues: Determine timing of aircraft mission briefings, morning weather briefing, daily planning meeting etc. Define Project IOP What PI representation is required at daily planning meetings?

7 Modifications to planning/operations schedule o Daylight versus standard time o Terminology: pre-mission briefing versus pre-flight briefing. Operations Center Finalize arrangements with NWS for analysis center. Finalize arrangements at Will Rogers for space and communications Other IHOP Project Office: Create shipping, logistics bulletins Post and distribute updated instrument funding list Finalize logo Conduct extensive IHOP PR to inform public Determine date for next IHOP meeting in Spring 2002 Ops Plan: get round two by 15 February Post OFAP comments on the web Personnel Define forecasting personnel needs for weekends, target when professional volunteers may be needed. Do we need assistant nowcasters? Define what the forecasting roles are before advertising to the NWS for nowcasting. How many are needed? What kind of staffing? Involve the central region as well. Conact local Science Operations Officers in local NWS forecasting offices to see whether they want to volunteer. Advertise for volunteers. Check with NSF reg. REUs and student involvement REU exploration with other universities Project Office will need to coordinate visiting students, scientists etc if they want to help with nowcasting, operations etc Define all position for all instruments

RICO DATA MANAGEMENT

RICO DATA MANAGEMENT RICO DATA MANAGEMENT Steve Williams and Scot Loehrer UCAR/Joint Office for Science Support (JOSS) Boulder, Colorado RICO Workshop Boulder, CO 25-27 February 2004 http://www.joss.ucar.edu/rico/dm RICO DRAFT

More information

Summary of ABL group discussions: IHOP Planning meeting National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, CO April, 2001

Summary of ABL group discussions: IHOP Planning meeting National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, CO April, 2001 Summary of ABL group discussions: IHOP Planning meeting National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, CO 24-25 April, 2001 Scientific objectives: Summary list: It was agreed that the majority of the

More information

Chapter 2: General operations strategy 1. Working group lists (ship, radar, aircraft, sounding, forecast, modeling) 2. mid-term performance review:

Chapter 2: General operations strategy 1. Working group lists (ship, radar, aircraft, sounding, forecast, modeling) 2. mid-term performance review: Chapter 2: General operations strategy 1. Working group lists (ship, radar, aircraft, sounding, forecast, modeling) 2. mid-term performance review: End of SOP and/or after the first major MJO event 3.

More information

WWRP RDP COPS Coordination Structure Science Questions Status Outlook

WWRP RDP COPS Coordination Structure Science Questions Status Outlook WWRP RDP COPS Volker Wulfmeyer Institute of Physics and Meteorology University of Hohenheim Stuttgart, Germany, the COPS International Science Steering Committee, and the D-PHASE Steering Committee Coordination

More information

Federal Aviation Administration

Federal Aviation Administration High Ice Water Content Research International Collaboration and Field Campaign Presented to: FPAW By: Tom Bond Date: Statement of Need Over the past 10+ years, it has been recognized that jet engine powerloss

More information

Ocean Observatories Initiative. Oscar Schofield Rutgers University. Ocean Leadership October 2010

Ocean Observatories Initiative. Oscar Schofield Rutgers University. Ocean Leadership October 2010 Ocean Observatories Initiative Oscar Schofield Rutgers University Ocean Leadership October 2010 What is OOI? THE VISION To launch an era of scientific discovery across and within the ocean basins, utilizing

More information

Report of the 3rd COPS & GOP Workshop held on April 10 and 11 at University of Hohenheim

Report of the 3rd COPS & GOP Workshop held on April 10 and 11 at University of Hohenheim Report of the 3rd COPS & GOP Workshop held on April 10 and 11 at University of Hohenheim 62 persons participated in the 3rd COPS & GOP Workshop The list of participants and copies of all presentations

More information

Protocol of the 1 st COPS Meeting

Protocol of the 1 st COPS Meeting Protocol of the 1 st COPS Meeting Meeting Dates: September 13-14, 2004 Preparation date: September 30, 2004 Place: University of Hohenheim Authors: Volker Wulfmeyer and Andreas Behrendt, IPM, UHOH List

More information

OPAG on Integrated Observing Systems. Workshop to Improve the Usefulness of Operational Radiosonde Data. (Submitted by the Secretariat)

OPAG on Integrated Observing Systems. Workshop to Improve the Usefulness of Operational Radiosonde Data. (Submitted by the Secretariat) WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION COMMISSION FOR BASIC SYSTEMS CBS MANAGEMENT GROUP Fourth session Langen, Germany, 13-16 October 2003 Distr.: RESTRICTED CBS/MG-IV/Doc. 3.1(5) (24.IX.2003) ITEM: 3.1 ENGLISH

More information

The Avian Hazard Advisory System

The Avian Hazard Advisory System 101 The Avian Hazard Advisory System T. Adam Kelly a, Ronald Merritt a, Maj Thomas J. Donalds b and Ronald L. White a a 3160 Airport Rd, Suite 22-A, Panama City, FL, 32405 b 4th Wing, Seymour Johnson AFB,

More information

C-130 and instrumentation for RICO

C-130 and instrumentation for RICO C-130 and instrumentation for RICO Flight schedule and staff limitations Hardpoint allocation and cabin layout Time synchronization Flight issues expectation around convection Sensor groups and expected

More information

UK Contribution to YMC Observational Field Campaign

UK Contribution to YMC Observational Field Campaign UK Contribution to YMC Observational Field Campaign Land, air and sea, operational modelling YMC 3 rd Workshop, Malaysia 2017 Paul Barrett paul.barrett@metoffice.gov.uk UK Involvement in YMC HotHouse TerraMaris

More information

MPEX DATA MANAGEMENT

MPEX DATA MANAGEMENT MPEX DATA MANAGEMENT Steve Williams, Linda Cully, Linda Echo-Hawk, and Scot Loehrer NCAR Earth Observing Laboratory (EOL) Computing, Data, and Software Facility (CDS) MPEX Planning Workshop Boulder, CO

More information

Jorg M. Hacker Flinders University Airborne Research Australia - ARA Flinders Centre for Airborne Research - FCAR

Jorg M. Hacker Flinders University Airborne Research Australia - ARA Flinders Centre for Airborne Research - FCAR Airborne measurements of the atmospheric structure, evaporation and heat fluxes over the Arafura Sea and the Northern Australian savannah during the TWP-ICE field experiment Jorg M. Hacker Flinders University

More information

Monitoring Extreme Weather Events. February 8, 2010

Monitoring Extreme Weather Events. February 8, 2010 Monitoring Extreme Weather Events February 8, 2010 Extensive network of over 800 stations across the Prairies Good coverage across entire agriculture production region Network of networks strategy includes

More information

COPS Status. Volker Wulfmeyer and Andreas Behrendt Institute of Physics and Meteorology (IPM) University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany

COPS Status. Volker Wulfmeyer and Andreas Behrendt Institute of Physics and Meteorology (IPM) University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany COPS Status Volker Wulfmeyer and Andreas Behrendt Institute of Physics and Meteorology (IPM) University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany and the COPS ISSC and WG Chairs With updates. AB, 11 October 2006

More information

An accurate prediction of warm-season convective AN OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL H 2 O PROJECT (IHOP_2002) AND SOME PRELIMINARY HIGHLIGHTS

An accurate prediction of warm-season convective AN OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL H 2 O PROJECT (IHOP_2002) AND SOME PRELIMINARY HIGHLIGHTS AN OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL H 2 O PROJECT (IHOP_2002) AND SOME PRELIMINARY HIGHLIGHTS BY TAMMY M. WECKWERTH, DAVID B. PARSONS, STEVEN E. KOCH, JAMES A. MOORE, MARGARET A. LEMONE, BELAY B. DEMOZ, CYRILLE

More information

Request for the use of NSF Facilities for Education. Boundary Structure Experiments with Central Minnesota Profiling II (BaSE CaMP II) submitted by

Request for the use of NSF Facilities for Education. Boundary Structure Experiments with Central Minnesota Profiling II (BaSE CaMP II) submitted by Request for the use of NSF Facilities for Education Boundary Structure Experiments with Central Minnesota Profiling II (BaSE CaMP II) 1. Introduction submitted by Brian Billings and Rodney Kubesh Department

More information

1. Introduction/Goals and expected outcomes

1. Introduction/Goals and expected outcomes Request for use of the NSF Facilities for Education at the University of Colorado Boulder CABL: Characterizing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Julie K. Lundquist Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences

More information

Objectives for meeting

Objectives for meeting Objectives for meeting 1) Summarize planned experiments 2) Discuss resource availability Aircraft Instrumentation Expendables 3) Assign working groups to complete each experiment plan Flight planning and

More information

Met Office and UK University contribution to YMC Ground instrumentation and modelling

Met Office and UK University contribution to YMC Ground instrumentation and modelling Met Office and UK University contribution to YMC Ground instrumentation and modelling Cathryn Birch 1,2 Adrian Matthews 3, Steve Woolnough 4, John Marsham 2, Douglas Parker 2, Paul Barret 1, Prince Xavier

More information

July 13, 2017 Session #1 In Lieu of the Surface Observation Including EWINS Authority, RTMA, Web Cams, and Remote Observation Systems

July 13, 2017 Session #1 In Lieu of the Surface Observation Including EWINS Authority, RTMA, Web Cams, and Remote Observation Systems July 13, 2017 Session #1 In Lieu of the Surface Observation Including EWINS Authority, RTMA, Web Cams, and Remote Observation Systems Part 121 Operator Perspective: Equivalent Level of Safety Using Remote

More information

EPIC2001 was conceived as an intensive process study along and near 95 o W during September and October 2001 used to make measurements of the atmosphe

EPIC2001 was conceived as an intensive process study along and near 95 o W during September and October 2001 used to make measurements of the atmosphe EPIC2001 was conceived as an intensive process study along and near 95 o W during September and October 2001 used to make measurements of the atmosphere and ocean in this region. Two aircraft, the National

More information

ROLLING RIVER SCHOOL DIVISION POLICY

ROLLING RIVER SCHOOL DIVISION POLICY ROLLING RIVER SCHOOL DIVISION POLICY Transportation Storm EBCD/P The School Division is responsible for the safe transportation of students on school buses. The Division shall exercise due care and caution

More information

DYNAMO/CINDY Sounding Network

DYNAMO/CINDY Sounding Network DYNAMO/CINDY Sounding Network Richard H. Johnson and Paul E. Ciesielski, CSU Masaki Katsumata and Kunio Yoneyama JAMSTEC DYNAMO Workshop, Miami 28 February 2 March 2011 DYNAMO/CINDY Extended Sounding Array

More information

Paine Field Airport Existing and Future Environmental Assessment, Initiation of Commercial Service Noise Analysis

Paine Field Airport Existing and Future Environmental Assessment, Initiation of Commercial Service Noise Analysis Paine Field Airport Existing and Future Environmental Assessment, Initiation of Commercial Service Noise Analysis July 2012 Prepared by: BridgeNet International 3151 Airway Avenue Building I-2 Costa Mesa,

More information

Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore

Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore ALTIMETER altitude meter For the complete encyclopedic entry with

More information

IHOP Surface Data Workshop Discussion Summary

IHOP Surface Data Workshop Discussion Summary IHOP Surface Data Workshop Discussion Summary SYNOPTIC DATA (for model input) Radiosonde data want available at highest vertical resolution possible and at the usual 5-mb interval (JOSS will produce 5-mb

More information

MADIS Airlines for America Briefing

MADIS Airlines for America Briefing MADIS Airlines for America Briefing Meteorological Assimilated Data Ingest System (MADIS) FPAW Briefing Steve Pritchett NWS Aircraft Based Observations Program Manager MADIS Defined MADIS is a meteorological

More information

Preliminary Results from the ATHENA-OAWL Venture Tech Airborne Mission

Preliminary Results from the ATHENA-OAWL Venture Tech Airborne Mission Preliminary Results from the ATHENA-OAWL Venture Tech Airborne Mission Sunil Baidar (a, b), Sara Tucker (c), Mike Hardesty (a, b) (a) Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University

More information

Predicting Contrails Using an Appleman Chart [Student]

Predicting Contrails Using an Appleman Chart [Student] Page 1 of 13 Predicting Contrails Using an Appleman Chart [Student] Background: Military planners have been interested in condensation trail (contrail) forecasts since World War II. Contrails can make

More information

The Green-OAWL (GrOAWL) Airborne Demonstrator for the ATHENA-OAWL Mission Concept: System Progress and Flight Plans

The Green-OAWL (GrOAWL) Airborne Demonstrator for the ATHENA-OAWL Mission Concept: System Progress and Flight Plans The Green-OAWL (GrOAWL) Airborne Demonstrator for the ATHENA-OAWL Mission Concept: System Progress and Flight Plans International Winds Working Group Workshop 27 June 1 July 2016 Monterey, CA Sara Tucker

More information

Recent Examples of NSFfunded Field Campaigns. Jim Moore - Project Manager (NCAR EOL)

Recent Examples of NSFfunded Field Campaigns. Jim Moore - Project Manager (NCAR EOL) Recent Examples of NSFfunded Field Campaigns Jim Moore - Project Manager (NCAR EOL) Field Campaigns: Where Hypotheses & Observations Meet Recent Examples HIPPO - global operations DC3 - US regional operations

More information

T-PARC/TCS-08 Project Summary. Highlights, Accomplishments and Lessons Learned

T-PARC/TCS-08 Project Summary. Highlights, Accomplishments and Lessons Learned T-PARC/TCS-08 Project Summary Highlights, Accomplishments and Lessons Learned Jim Moore and EOL staff Many slides courtesy Pat Harr (NPS) and NPS Staff T-PARC Summary Debriefing 9 December 2008 August-September

More information

We suspect the answer is a little bit of both these explanations. There is likely substantial under-reporting of severe weather in regions with either

We suspect the answer is a little bit of both these explanations. There is likely substantial under-reporting of severe weather in regions with either RELAMPAGO (Remote sensing of Electrification, Lightning, And Meso-scale/micro-scale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations) - Relevance to NASA GPM GV Relampago means lightning in both Spanish and

More information

OWLeS (Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems)

OWLeS (Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems) Request for LOAF Facility Support Wyoming King Air with Cloud Radar & Cloud Lidar Two Dual-Pol DOWs + One Rapid-scan DOW Field Catalog & Data Archive support OWLeS (Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems)

More information

Urban Dispersion Program New York City Mesonet ROOFTOP WEATHER STATION NETWORK

Urban Dispersion Program New York City Mesonet ROOFTOP WEATHER STATION NETWORK Urban Dispersion Program New York City Mesonet ROOFTOP WEATHER STATION NETWORK GENERAL DESCRIPTION Introduction The Department of Homeland Security has established a meteorological research program in

More information

We have processed RO data for climate research and for validation of weather data since 1995 as illustrated in Figure 1.

We have processed RO data for climate research and for validation of weather data since 1995 as illustrated in Figure 1. Real-time Analysis of COSMIC Data Christian Rocken, Doug Hunt, Bill Schreiner University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) COSMIC Project Office Boulder, CO Abstract UCAR has analyzed GPS radio

More information

REQUEST FOR C-130 and WCR SUPPORT DYCOMS II ADDENDUM NCAR/ATD - October 2000 OFAP Meeting

REQUEST FOR C-130 and WCR SUPPORT DYCOMS II ADDENDUM NCAR/ATD - October 2000 OFAP Meeting REQUEST FOR C-130 and WCR SUPPORT DYCOMS II ADDENDUM NCAR/ATD - October 2000 OFAP Meeting Submitted July 6, 2000. Corresponding Principal Investigator Name: Gabor Vali Institution: University of Wyoming

More information

1 Introduction. Station Type No. Synoptic/GTS 17 Principal 172 Ordinary 546 Precipitation

1 Introduction. Station Type No. Synoptic/GTS 17 Principal 172 Ordinary 546 Precipitation Use of Automatic Weather Stations in Ethiopia Dula Shanko National Meteorological Agency(NMA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Phone: +251116639662, Mob +251911208024 Fax +251116625292, Email: Du_shanko@yahoo.com

More information

1.5 WATER VAPOR VARIATIONS IN ECHO PLUMES IN THE CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER

1.5 WATER VAPOR VARIATIONS IN ECHO PLUMES IN THE CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER 1.5 WATER VAPOR VARIATIONS IN ECHO PLUMES IN THE CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER 1. INTRODUCTION Bart Geerts 1 and Qun Miao University of Wyoming The Wyoming Cloud Radar (WCR), a 95 GHz Doppler radar aboard

More information

5.1 Use of the Consensus Reference Concept for Testing Radiosondes. Joe Facundo and Jim Fitzgibbon, Office of Operational Systems,

5.1 Use of the Consensus Reference Concept for Testing Radiosondes. Joe Facundo and Jim Fitzgibbon, Office of Operational Systems, 5. Use of the Consensus Reference Concept for Testing Radiosondes Joe Facundo and Jim Fitzgibbon, Office of Operational Systems, Silver Spring, Maryland and Sterling, Virginia. INTRODUCTION The U. S. has

More information

EUMETNET Statement for the EASA Workshop Volcanic Ash Cloud: Detection, Observation, Measurement, Modelling The Way Forward

EUMETNET Statement for the EASA Workshop Volcanic Ash Cloud: Detection, Observation, Measurement, Modelling The Way Forward EUMETNET Statement for the EASA Workshop Volcanic Ash Cloud: Detection, Observation, Measurement, Modelling The Way Forward Cologne, 21 st June 2010 Background GIE EUMETNET (the network of European Meteorological

More information

The NOAA Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS)

The NOAA Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS) The NOAA Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS) Patricia A. Miller, Michael F. Barth, Leon A. Benjamin, Randall S. Collander, Thomas B. Kent, and Gopa Padmanabhan (OAR/ESRL/GSD) Steven

More information

Working Group Initiation of Convection

Working Group Initiation of Convection Working Group Initiation of Convection Ulrich Corsmeier Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK) Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe/Universität Karlsruhe 2 nd COPS Workshop June 27 June 28, 2005 University

More information

CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION BY MEANS OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TO ESTABLISH EARLY WARNING SYSTEM

CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION BY MEANS OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TO ESTABLISH EARLY WARNING SYSTEM CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION BY MEANS OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TO ESTABLISH EARLY WARNING SYSTEM By: Dr Mamadou Lamine BAH, National Director Direction Nationale de la Meteorologie (DNM), Guinea President,

More information

DLR Falcon Dropsonde Operation in T-PARC and Analysis of the Environment Surrounding Typhoons

DLR Falcon Dropsonde Operation in T-PARC and Analysis of the Environment Surrounding Typhoons DLR Falcon Dropsonde Operation in T-PARC and Analysis of the Environment Surrounding Typhoons Kotaro Bessho 1, Tetsuo Nakazawa 1 and Martin Weissmann 2 1 Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological

More information

Use of radar to detect weather

Use of radar to detect weather 2 April 2007 Welcome to the RAP Advisory Panel Meeting Use of radar to detect weather G. Brant Foote Brant Director Foote Rita Roberts Roelof Bruintjes Research Applications Program Radar principles Radio

More information

The Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX)

The Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) The Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) J.D. Doyle 1 and V. Grubišić 2 1 Marine Meteorology Division 2 Desert Research Institute Introduction: The Terrain-induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) is a coordinated

More information

Water Vapor Sensing System, Version Two (WVSS-II)

Water Vapor Sensing System, Version Two (WVSS-II) Water Vapor Sensing System, Version Two (WVSS-II) June 28, 2012 1.0 WVSS-II, Water Vapor Sensing System, Version Two This paper briefly describes the Water Vapor Sensing System version two, WVSS-II, how

More information

Name Class Date. What two models do scientists use to describe light? What is the electromagnetic spectrum? How can electromagnetic waves be used?

Name Class Date. What two models do scientists use to describe light? What is the electromagnetic spectrum? How can electromagnetic waves be used? CHAPTER 16 12 SECTION Sound and Light The Nature of Light KEY IDEAS As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: What two models do scientists use to describe light? What is the electromagnetic

More information

WSI Pilotbrief Optima - for ipad

WSI Pilotbrief Optima - for ipad WSI Pilotbrief Optima - for ipad Anticipate, Visualize & Avoid Hazardous Weather In A Whole New Way The Weather Company, an IBM Business, delivers an ipad-based version of WSI Pilotbrief Optima. This ipad

More information

Observing Weather: Making the Invisible Visible. Dr. Michael J. Passow

Observing Weather: Making the Invisible Visible. Dr. Michael J. Passow Observing Weather: Making the Invisible Visible Dr. Michael J. Passow What Is Weather? Weather refers to the conditions of the atmosphere at a certain place and time. Weather differs from Climate, which

More information

Turbulence Avoidance Technologies

Turbulence Avoidance Technologies Turbulence Avoidance Technologies The information contained herein is advisory only in nature. Modification Date: 01NOV2016 Revision: 0.0 Operations Scope: ALL AIRCRACT Briefing Owners: Tenille Cromwell

More information

Key Stage 4 - Volcano Eruption! Task sheet: phase 1

Key Stage 4 - Volcano Eruption! Task sheet: phase 1 Task sheet: phase 1 Rotimon is an imaginary island. La Soufriere is its youngest volcano. It last erupted in the 1970s. It is not monitored at the moment. Recently the volcano has shown some strange signs.

More information

Second International IHOP_2002 Science Workshop. Program

Second International IHOP_2002 Science Workshop. Program Second International IHOP_2002 Science Workshop Program Monday 14 June 2004 9:30 AM-9:45 AM Welcome to participants 9:45 AM-10:00 AM Opening remarks 10:00 AM-10:30 AM Introductory talk Météo France / CNRM

More information

American-German Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) Science Mission Operations Briefing

American-German Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) Science Mission Operations Briefing American-German Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) Science Mission Operations Briefing Prof. Dr. Hans-Peter Röser and Helen Hall June 20, 2009 www.irs.uni-stuttgart.de 1 Agenda Who

More information

WWRP Implementation Plan Reporting AvRDP

WWRP Implementation Plan Reporting AvRDP WWRP Implementation Plan Reporting AvRDP Please send you report to Paolo Ruti (pruti@wmo.int) and Sarah Jones (sarah.jones@dwd.de). High Impact Weather and its socio economic effects in the context of

More information

AOPA. Mitigating Turbulence Impacts in Aviation Operations. General Aviation Perspective

AOPA. Mitigating Turbulence Impacts in Aviation Operations. General Aviation Perspective AOPA Mitigating Turbulence Impacts in Aviation Operations General Aviation Perspective Rune Duke Senior Director, Airspace & Air Traffic Services Aircraft Owners & Pilots Association AOPA Air Safety Institute

More information

Welcome to PolarConnect. With Kelly McCarthy and NASA s Operation IceBridge

Welcome to PolarConnect. With Kelly McCarthy and NASA s Operation IceBridge Welcome to PolarConnect With Kelly McCarthy and NASA s Operation IceBridge 5 May 2016 If you are joining by phone, please mute your phone. Press *6 to mute and *6 to unmute. Participant Introductions In

More information

RIVAL Field Campaign at the ENA, NSA, & SGP ARM Sites

RIVAL Field Campaign at the ENA, NSA, & SGP ARM Sites RIVAL Field Campaign at the ENA, NSA, & SGP ARM Sites Radiosonde Intercomparison & VALidation 24 April 2018 Lori Borg lori.borg@ssec.wisc.edu RIVAL Overview What is RIVAL? RIVAL is an ARM field campaign

More information

Model enhancement & delivery plans, RAI

Model enhancement & delivery plans, RAI Model enhancement & delivery plans, RAI Karen McCourt, UK VCP Manager 12 th June 2013 Outline Current model outputs & dissemination Future model outputs & dissemination New website for dissemination to

More information

International Civil Aviation Organization

International Civil Aviation Organization CNS/MET SG/14 IP/19 International Civil Aviation Organization FOURTEENTH MEETING OF THE COMMUNICATIONS/NAVIGATION/SURVEILL ANCE AND METEOROLOGY SUB-GROUP OF APANPIRG (CNS/MET SG/14) Jakarta, Indonesia,

More information

Unidata Policy Committee NOAA/NWS Update

Unidata Policy Committee NOAA/NWS Update Unidata Policy Committee NOAA/NWS Update October 27, 2011 LeRoy Spayd Chief Training Division Office of Climate, Water, and Weather Services NOAA s National Weather Service 1 2 Outline NOAA Budget NOAA

More information

Successes in NEXRAD Algorithm Technology Transfer*

Successes in NEXRAD Algorithm Technology Transfer* Successes in NEXRAD Algorithm Technology Transfer* Gabe Elkin 26 Aug 2015 *This work was sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration under Air Force Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations,

More information

LLNL DATA COLLECTION DURING NOAAETL COPE EXPERIMENT

LLNL DATA COLLECTION DURING NOAAETL COPE EXPERIMENT UCRL-ID-121682 LLNL DATA COLLECTION DURING NOAAETL COPE EXPERIMENT Test Plan David D. Manfrom Imaging & Detection Program September 6,1995 This is an informal report intended primarily for internal or

More information

Maximizing the effectiveness and socio-economic benefits of weather products and services the Hong Kong Experience

Maximizing the effectiveness and socio-economic benefits of weather products and services the Hong Kong Experience Maximizing the effectiveness and socio-economic benefits of weather products and services the Hong Kong Experience Queenie C.C. Lam Scientific Officer Hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong, China Meeting of

More information

Scanning Raman Lidar Measurements During IHOP

Scanning Raman Lidar Measurements During IHOP Scanning Raman Lidar Measurements During IHOP David N. Whiteman/NASA-GSFC, Belay Demoz/UMBC Paolo Di Girolamo/Univ. of Basilicata, Igor Veselovskii/General Physics Institute, Keith Evans/UMBC, Zhien Wang/UMBC,

More information

The 1930s. Sound Mirrors After World War I, the threat 11/20/2012

The 1930s. Sound Mirrors After World War I, the threat 11/20/2012 8 Decades of Weather Radar History: The Technology in Operational Use at the KMA By 2025 Ken Crawford, Vice Administrator Korea Meteorological Administration International Weather Radar Workshop Daegu,

More information

THE IMPACT OF WEATHER

THE IMPACT OF WEATHER The United States is the most severe weather prone country in the world. Each year, people in this country cope with an average of 10,000 thunderstorms, 5,000 floods, 1,200 tornadoes and two landfalling

More information

GIS at UCAR. The evolution of NCAR s GIS Initiative. Olga Wilhelmi ESIG-NCAR Unidata Workshop 24 June, 2003

GIS at UCAR. The evolution of NCAR s GIS Initiative. Olga Wilhelmi ESIG-NCAR Unidata Workshop 24 June, 2003 GIS at UCAR The evolution of NCAR s GIS Initiative Olga Wilhelmi ESIG-NCAR Unidata Workshop 24 June, 2003 Why GIS? z z z z More questions about various climatological, meteorological, hydrological and

More information

Unique Vaisala Global Lightning Dataset GLD360 TM

Unique Vaisala Global Lightning Dataset GLD360 TM Unique Vaisala Global Lightning Dataset GLD360 TM / THE ONLY LIGHTNING DETECTION NETWORK CAPABLE OF DELIVERING HIGH-QUALITY DATA ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD GLD360 provides high-quality lightning data anywhere

More information

P5.11 TACKLING THE CHALLENGE OF NOWCASTING ELEVATED CONVECTION

P5.11 TACKLING THE CHALLENGE OF NOWCASTING ELEVATED CONVECTION P5.11 TACKLING THE CHALLENGE OF NOWCASTING ELEVATED CONVECTION Huaqing Cai*, Rita Roberts, Dan Megenhardt, Eric Nelson and Matthias Steiner National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 80307,

More information

Advanced Weather Technology

Advanced Weather Technology Advanced Weather Technology Tuesday, October 16, 2018, 1:00 PM 2:00 PM PRESENTED BY: Gary Pokodner, FAA WTIC Program Manager Agenda Overview Augmented reality mobile application Crowd Sourcing Visibility

More information

AWOS Level Descriptions

AWOS Level Descriptions AWOS Level Descriptions AWOS System Configurations. The AWOS is a modular system utilizing a central processor which may receive input from several sensors. Eight standard groups of sensors are defined

More information

Symbology Modification for Climate Studies. Rich Baldwin (NCDC/NOAA) Glen Reid (IMSG)

Symbology Modification for Climate Studies. Rich Baldwin (NCDC/NOAA) Glen Reid (IMSG) Symbology Modification for Climate Studies Rich Baldwin (NCDC/NOAA) Glen Reid (IMSG) June 3, 2005 Abstract The National Climatic Data Center archives worldwide weather data from the present date back to

More information

REVISION OF THE STATEMENT OF GUIDANCE FOR GLOBAL NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION. (Submitted by Dr. J. Eyre)

REVISION OF THE STATEMENT OF GUIDANCE FOR GLOBAL NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION. (Submitted by Dr. J. Eyre) WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION Distr.: RESTRICTED CBS/OPAG-IOS (ODRRGOS-5)/Doc.5, Add.5 (11.VI.2002) COMMISSION FOR BASIC SYSTEMS OPEN PROGRAMME AREA GROUP ON INTEGRATED OBSERVING SYSTEMS ITEM: 4 EXPERT

More information

AWOS. Automated Weather Observing Systems COASTAL

AWOS. Automated Weather Observing Systems COASTAL AWOS Automated Weather Observing Systems COASTAL Environmental Systems Monitor Monitor Your Your World World Coastal s Experience & Expertise Since 1981, Coastal Environmental Systems, Inc. (Coastal) has

More information

Weather Needs for UAS Operations

Weather Needs for UAS Operations Minneapolis - Denver - Washington, D.C. Weather Needs for UAS Operations Brian Haynes - President November 2016 1 Sensurion Background: 10-year company history UAS Weather Needs Sensurion Perspective Extensive

More information

How does NASA study hurricanes? 17 August 2015, by Max Gleber

How does NASA study hurricanes? 17 August 2015, by Max Gleber How does NASA study hurricanes? 17 August 2015, by Max Gleber Hurricanes are the most powerful weather event on Earth. NASA's expertise in space and scientific exploration contributes to essential services

More information

Lake-Effect Research At SUNY Oswego And How We Use it to Prepare Others

Lake-Effect Research At SUNY Oswego And How We Use it to Prepare Others Lake-Effect Research At SUNY Oswego And How We Use it to Prepare Others Presented by: Matthew Seymour, Nicholas Rodick, and Dr. Scott Steiger SUNY Os we go Image: Nicholas Rodick What is Lake -effect Snow?

More information

Orbital Debris Mitigation

Orbital Debris Mitigation Orbital Debris Mitigation R. L. Kelley 1, D. R. Jarkey 2, G. Stansbery 3 1. Jacobs, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA 2. HX5 - Jacobs JETS Contract, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston,

More information

Speakers: NWS Buffalo Dan Kelly and Sarah Jamison, NERFC Jeane Wallace. NWS Flood Services for the Black River Basin

Speakers: NWS Buffalo Dan Kelly and Sarah Jamison, NERFC Jeane Wallace. NWS Flood Services for the Black River Basin Speakers: NWS Buffalo Dan Kelly and Sarah Jamison, NERFC Jeane Wallace NWS Flood Services for the Black River Basin National Weather Service Who We Are The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

More information

7.26 THE NWS/NCAR MAN-IN-THE-LOOP (MITL) NOWCASTING DEMONSTRATION: FORECASTER INPUT INTO A THUNDERSTORM NOWCASTING SYSTEM

7.26 THE NWS/NCAR MAN-IN-THE-LOOP (MITL) NOWCASTING DEMONSTRATION: FORECASTER INPUT INTO A THUNDERSTORM NOWCASTING SYSTEM 7.26 THE NWS/NCAR MAN-IN-THE-LOOP (MITL) NOWCASTING DEMONSTRATION: FORECASTER INPUT INTO A THUNDERSTORM NOWCASTING SYSTEM Rita Roberts 1, Steven Fano 2, William Bunting 2, Thomas Saxen 1, Eric Nelson 1,

More information

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. SERVED: June 12, 1998 NTSB Order No. EA-4667 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. Adopted by the NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD at its office in Washington,

More information

Title: Storm of the Century: Documenting the 1993 Superstorm

Title: Storm of the Century: Documenting the 1993 Superstorm A. PAIIF 2011 Cover Page Title: Storm of the Century: Documenting the 1993 Superstorm Point of Contact: Name: Alex Granger Email: alex.granger@noaa.gov Phone Number: 571-555-9278 Mailing Address: Research

More information

ON LINE ARCHIVE OF STORM PENETRATING DATA

ON LINE ARCHIVE OF STORM PENETRATING DATA ON LINE ARCHIVE OF STORM PENETRATING DATA Matthew Beals, Donna V. Kliche, and Andrew G. Detwiler Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD Steve Williams

More information

Nowcasting and Urban Interactive Modeling Using Robotic and Remotely Sensed Data James Cogan, Robert Dumais, and Yansen Wang

Nowcasting and Urban Interactive Modeling Using Robotic and Remotely Sensed Data James Cogan, Robert Dumais, and Yansen Wang Nowcasting and Urban Interactive Modeling Using Robotic and Remotely Sensed Data James Cogan, Robert Dumais, and Yansen Wang Meteorological Modeling Branch Battlefield Environment Division Computational

More information

Tornado Drill Exercise Plan (EXPLAN)

Tornado Drill Exercise Plan (EXPLAN) Tornado Drill Exercise Plan (EXPLAN) As part of the National Weather Service s (NWS) Severe Weather Preparedness Week in Indiana Purdue University March 19, 2019 As of Feb 19, 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction...

More information

Synthetic Weather Radar: Offshore Precipitation Capability

Synthetic Weather Radar: Offshore Precipitation Capability Synthetic Weather Radar: Offshore Precipitation Capability Mark S. Veillette 5 December 2017 Sponsors: Randy Bass, FAA ANG-C6 and Rogan Flowers, FAA AJM-33 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public

More information

COVERAGE-Sargasso Sea

COVERAGE-Sargasso Sea COVERAGE-Sargasso Sea A Collaborative Project between NASA and the Sargasso Sea Commission Dr. Vardis Tsontos Dr. Jorge Vazquez NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology UN-HQ

More information

RELAMPAGO (working closely with CACTI) is an international project...

RELAMPAGO (working closely with CACTI) is an international project... RELAMPAGO Remote sensing of Electrification, Lightning, And Meso-scale/micro-scale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations (translates to lightning flash in Spanish and Portuguese) June 2014 South

More information

NSF Facilities for Education: TOM: Teaching flow Over Mountains. Final report: 10 October 2011

NSF Facilities for Education: TOM: Teaching flow Over Mountains. Final report: 10 October 2011 NSF Facilities for Education: TOM: Teaching flow Over Mountains Final report: 10 October 2011 Drs. Katja Friedrich & Julie Lundquist, Dept. of Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences (ATOC), University of Colorado

More information

Yi Chao Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology & Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering (JIFRESSE)

Yi Chao Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology & Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering (JIFRESSE) Strategy to Develop a 3D Ocean Circulation Forecasting System for Cook Inlet Yi Chao Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology & Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and

More information

PAM-Station Land-Owner Information Guide Project: CuPIDO, Tucson AZ, Jul/Aug 2006

PAM-Station Land-Owner Information Guide Project: CuPIDO, Tucson AZ, Jul/Aug 2006 PAM-Station Land-Owner Information Guide Project: CuPIDO, Tucson AZ, Jul/Aug 2006 PropVane Anemometer mounted at 10-m Lightning Spike Two-Way radio antenna Sonic Anemometer Solar and Net Radiation sensors.

More information

NCAR UCAR. 50 th Anniversary Lecture

NCAR UCAR. 50 th Anniversary Lecture NCAR & UCAR 50 th Anniversary Lecture Turbulence, Wind Shear, Toxin Attacks, and Other Things That Go Bump In the Night: Applied Research for Real-Life Problems Bill Mahoney National Center for Atmospheric

More information

Air Force Research Laboratory

Air Force Research Laboratory Air Force Research Laboratory Lidar Wind Sensing for Improved Precision Airdrop and Gunship Wind Sensing 27 Jun 2016 Integrity Service Excellence Wesley Jones InfoSciTex AFRL RQQD 1 AFRL PAD FCC and MS&A

More information

Weather Technology in the Cockpit (WTIC) Program Program Update. Friends/Partners of Aviation Weather (FPAW) November 2, 2016

Weather Technology in the Cockpit (WTIC) Program Program Update. Friends/Partners of Aviation Weather (FPAW) November 2, 2016 Weather Technology in the Cockpit (WTIC) Program Program Update Friends/Partners of Aviation Weather (FPAW) November 2, 2016 Presented by Gary Pokodner, WTIC Program Manager Phone: 202.267.2786 Email:

More information

Transitioning NCAR s Aviation Algorithms into NCEP s Operations

Transitioning NCAR s Aviation Algorithms into NCEP s Operations Transitioning NCAR s Aviation Algorithms into NCEP s Operations Hui-Ya Chuang 1, Yali Mao 1,2, and Binbin Zhou 1,2 1. EMC/NCEP/NOAA, College Park MD 2. I.M. System Group, Inc. AMS 18th Conference on Aviation,

More information

AT LAST, A USE FOR COMPUTERS: WEATHER FORECASTS AT THE BED LEVEL

AT LAST, A USE FOR COMPUTERS: WEATHER FORECASTS AT THE BED LEVEL 46 AT LAST, A USE FOR COMPUTERS: WEATHER FORECASTS AT THE BED LEVEL Bill Bland Extension Agricultural Climatologist Department of Soil Science, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison Computer-based communications are

More information