V. Tramutoli Format EO Erasmus Intensive School Leicester July 2013

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? Exaple 4: Volcanic Lava flow Detection Tradictional Methods (Harris et al.

1995 T ( r, τ ) > 3 T 3µ ( r, τ) [ T ( r, τ) µ ] 3µ σ µ T3 µ T3 Tradictional fixed threshold ethods NO FALSE DETECTIONS!! RST approach NO FALSE DETECTIONS!

Winter T T 3µ - T 11µ > 10K Harris et al.

DETECTIONS!! NO FALSE DETECTIONS!! Main RST applications using Polar satellites (NOAA-AVHRR/AMSU) Forest fires e.g. Fires in Ital February 2005 Volcanic eruptions e.g. 2004-2005 Etna eruption (Ital Floods e.

1 ? Exaple 4: Volcanic Lava flow Detection Tradictional Methods (Harris et al., 1995) NOAA-16, Jul GMT AVHRR Channel 4 Suer Exaple 4: Volcanic Lava flow Detection RST NOAA-16, Jul GMT AVHRR Channel 4 Suer T3µ -T10µ > 10K T T 3µ - T 11µ > 10K Harris et al T ( r, τ ) > 3 T 3µ ( r, τ) [ T ( r, τ) µ ] 3µ σ µ T3 µ T3 Tradictional fixed threshold ethods NO FALSE DETECTIONS!! RST approach NO FALSE DETECTIONS!!? Exaple 4: Volcanic Lava flow Detection Tradictional Methods (Harris et al., 1995) NOAA-12, Januar GMT AVHRR Channel 4 Exaple 4: Volcanic Lava flow Detection RST NOAA-12, Januar GMT AVHRR Channel 4 T3µ -T10µ > 10K January-Februar 1999 Etna eruption Winter T T 3µ - T 11µ > 10K Harris et al Traditional fixed threshold ethods T ( r, τ ) > 3 January-Februar 1999 Etna eruption ( r, τ) T [ T ( r, τ) T 3µ ( r) ] 3µ σ T3µ T 3µ and σ 3µ are coputed as before on 5 years RST approach FALSE DETECTIONS!! NO FALSE DETECTIONS!! Main RST applications using Polar satellites (NOAA-AVHRR/AMSU) Forest fires e.g. Fires in Ital February 2005 Volcanic eruptions e.g Etna eruption (Ital Floods e.g. Ungary flood, April 2002 APPLICATIONS To do ore Erli Casanova Lerrone Carpasio fires Voltri Hot spot SZOLNOK TISZA TISZAVARKONY TISZAJENE VEZSENY TISZASAS TISZA Flooded areas Sea pollution e.g. Oil spill in the Persic Gulf, January 1991 Soil wetness e.g. Carpathian Basin, April 2000 Earthquakes e.g. 7 Septeber 1999 Athens Earthquake 3 days before EQ Raining Clouds Weakly wet Moderately wet Extreely wet Oil spill Theral anoalies

Robust Satellite Techniques for Early Warning Monitoring flooding risk by MW (NOAA-AMSU) (Re. Sens. Env.

(NOAA-AMSU) August 2002 Hungary flood µ σ SWVI > 2 SWVI > 3 SWVI > 4 Raining Clouds y 50 K 18 K x -2 K 0 K 6 Aug 5:45GMT 6 August 16:02 7 August 16:02 8

) effects 10 August 5:48 11 August 15:47 12 August 6:52 GMT 12 August 15:22 13 August 6:19 GMT 68 69 Robust Satellite Techniques for Early Warning

Mapping Monitoring flooded areas (NOAA-AVHRR) SAR Iage 13/04/00 April 2000 Central Europe XIAO & CHEN ρ2 ρ1 < 1 RST ρ 1 2 1 Tisza Tisza 14 August 5:56 14

71 Ungheria Budapest Ex-Jugoslavia Alpi Dinariche Robust Satellite Techniques for Rapid Mapping Monitoring flooded areas (NOAA-AVHRR) (IJRS, 2008) Tisza

Kiskoere TISZA fro polar data (NOAA-AVHRR) Robust Satellite Techniques for Seisic Areas Monitoring Theral Infrared analysis (Phy. Che.

2 Robust Satellite Techniques for Early Warning Monitoring flooding risk by MW (NOAA-AMSU) (Re. Sens. Env., 2005) Soil Wetness Index: T 89GHz T 23G Reference fields for August (4 years) Robust Satellite Techniques for Early Warning Monitoring flooding risk by MW (NOAA-AMSU) August 2002 Hungary flood µ σ SWVI > 2 SWVI > 3 SWVI > 4 Raining Clouds y 50 K 18 K x -2 K 0 K 6 Aug 5:45GMT 6 August 16:02 7 August 16:02 8 August 06:52 9 August 6:13 µ σ t Soil Wetness Variation Index: SWVI µ σ Reducing site (vegetation, roughness, etc.) effects 10 August 5:48 11 August 15:47 12 August 6:52 GMT 12 August 15:22 13 August 6:19 GMT Robust Satellite Techniques for Early Warning Monitoring flooding risk by MW (NOAA-AMSU) August 2002 Ungary flood µ σ SWVI > 2 SWVI > 3 SWVI > 4 Raining Clouds Robust Satellite Techniques for Rapid Mapping Monitoring flooded areas (NOAA-AVHRR) SAR Iage 13/04/00 April 2000 Central Europe XIAO & CHEN ρ2 ρ1 < 1 RST ρ Tisza Tisza 14 August 5:56 14 August 16:16 15 August 16:16 16 August 15:45 Begej Begej Novi Sad Tiis Novi Sad Tiis Danubio Danubio 17 August 6:42 18 August 16:25 AVHRR 14/04/00 13: Ungheria Budapest Ex-Jugoslavia Alpi Dinariche Robust Satellite Techniques for Rapid Mapping Monitoring flooded areas (NOAA-AVHRR) (IJRS, 2008) Tisza KISKOERE Roania Tiis Belgrado April 2000 Central Europe Alpi Transilvaniche Danubio KISKOERE Lake 09/04/00 14:00 Kiskoere TISZA 09/04/00 14:00 KISKOERE Like Kiskoere TISZA fro polar data (NOAA-AVHRR) Robust Satellite Techniques for Seisic Areas Monitoring Theral Infrared analysis (Phy. Che.Earth, 2004) 7 th Septeber 1999 Athens EQ (Ms5.9) (AVHRR LST) 28 August Septeber Septeber 5 Septeber Lago di Scutari XIAO & CHEN, 1987 RST Pixels with S/N > 1.5 Epicentral area S/N>1.5 7 th Septeber 1999 Athens earthquake (overcast days) 10 Septeber 15 Septeber 21 Septeber 72 73

Robust Satellite Techniques for Seisic Areas Monitoring

4) (Reote Sensing Environent, 2005) APPLICATIONS 9 August 1999 10

1999 17 August 1999 18 August 1999 19 August 1999 Iproving

5 S/N > 3 S/N>3.5 S/N > 3.5 20 August 1999 21 August 1999 74 How?

19 2001 Lava flow crossing SP92 road Signal at the sensor

Voragine Bocca Nuova Montagnola Valle del Bove Valle del Leone

Nicolosi July-August 2001 lava flows reports Alice >2 Alice >3

eruption) Pre-eruptive theral anoalies (October, 2002 Etna flank

e. 4 days before the ajor lava vent opening at 2700 ) Cratere di

3 Robust Satellite Techniques for Seisic Areas Monitoring Kocaeli-Izit (Turke 17 th August 1999 (Ms7.4) (Reote Sensing Environent, 2005) APPLICATIONS 9 August August August August 1999 to do better: 13 August August August August 1999 Iproving sensitivity toward low intensity signals S/N> 2 S/N > 2.5 S/N > 3 S/N>3.5 S/N > August August How? Lava flow Monitoring (July-August, 2001 Etna flank eruption) July Lava flow crossing SP92 road Signal at the sensor anoalies? Cratere di N.E. Voragine Bocca Nuova Montagnola Valle del Bove Valle del Leone Zafferana Rifugio Sapienza V ref (r) ±nσ(r) SP 92 Tie or space Nicolosi July-August 2001 lava flows reports Alice >2 Alice >3 Pre-eruptive theral anoalies (July-August, 2001 Etna flank eruption) Pre-eruptive theral anoalies (October, 2002 Etna flank eruption) 20 th October 2002 (i.e. 6 days before eruption onse July (i.e. 4 days before the ajor lava vent opening at 2700 ) Cratere di N.E. Voragine Bocca Nuova Montagnola Rifugio Sapienza Valle del Bove Valle del Leone Zafferana July-August 2001 lava flows reports SP 92 Nicolosi Alice >2 Alice >3

Pre-eruptive theral anoalies (October, 2002 Etna flank eruption) 22 th October 2002 (i.

January 2002, fro suital craters; A Strobolian activity Etna January 2002, fro suital craters; B B Strobolian Strobolian activity activity Etna Etna July July 2002, 2002, fro fro suital

October-Deceber 2002 2002 (started (started on on 26 26 th th October) October) D C A B 09/01/2002 19/01/2002 29/01/2002 08/02/2002 18/02/2002 28/02/2002 10/03/2002 20/03/2002 30/03/2002

17/08/2002 27/08/2002 DAY OF THE YEAR 06/09/2002 16/09/2002 26/09/2002 06/10/2002 16/10/2002 26/10/2002 05/11/2002 15/11/2002 25/11/2002 05/12/2002 15/12/2002 25/12/2002 Iproving RST

Minutes Spatial resolution: 11 channels: 3 k HRV: 1 k higher ALICE sensitivity Iproving RST sensitivity oving fro polar to geostationary satellites (forest fires) Polar (NOAA-AVHRR) 15 th

4 Pre-eruptive theral anoalies (October, 2002 Etna flank eruption) 22 th October 2002 (i.e( 4 days before eruption onse NUMBER OF ANOMALOUS PIXELS WITH 3 (x, > 3 DETECTED OVER MOUNT ETNA /01/2002 RST Robustness vs False Alars A Strobolian activity Etna January 2002, fro suital craters; A Strobolian activity Etna January 2002, fro suital craters; B B Strobolian Strobolian activity activity Etna Etna July July 2002, 2002, fro fro suital suital craters; craters; C C Strobolian Strobolian activity activity Septeber Septeber 2002, 2002, fro fro suital suital craters craters D D Flank Flank eruption eruption October-Deceber October-Deceber (started (started on on th th October) October) D C A B 09/01/ /01/ /01/ /02/ /02/ /02/ /03/ /03/ /03/ /04/ /04/ /04/ /05/ /05/ /05/2002 Pre-eruptive theral anoalies (Etna, 2002) 08/06/ /06/ /06/ /07/ /07/ /07/ /08/ /08/ /08/2002 DAY OF THE YEAR 06/09/ /09/ /09/ /10/ /10/ /10/ /11/ /11/ /11/ /12/ /12/ /12/2002 Iproving RST sensitivity by reducing observational noise: oving fro polar to geostationary satellite y 0 ( ) [ V ( r, VREF ] V r, t σ t V x Costant view-angles Natural and precise iagery co-location NOISE reduction Constant obs. tie Iproving RST sensitivity by reducing observational noise: oving fro polar to geostationary satellite SEVIRI (Spinning Enhanced Vis and IR Iager) 12 channels Teporal resolution: 15 Minutes Spatial resolution: 11 channels: 3 k HRV: 1 k higher ALICE sensitivity Iproving RST sensitivity oving fro polar to geostationary satellites (forest fires) Polar (NOAA-AVHRR) 15 th February 2005 h05 GMT NOAA-AVHRR channel 3 Sanda, Varazze, Stella 44d22'18.5" N 8d31'13.11" E ch3 (x,>2 Detection forest fires in the Ligurian Region during February 2005 Iproving RST sensitivity oving fro polar to geostationary satellites (e.g. forest fires) Geostationary (MSG-SEVIRI) 15 th February :00 GMT MSG-SEVIRI Channel 3.9 µ 3.9µ (x,>12 3.9µ (x,>11 3.9µ (x,>10 3.9µ (x,>9 3.9µ (x,>8 3.9µ (x,>7 3.9µ (x,>6 3.9µ (x,>5 3.9µ (x,>4 3.9µ (x,>3 N Sanda, Varazze, Stella

Brightness teperature (K) 330,00 310,00 290,00 270,00 Varazze (14 February 2005) P80 L66 fire position 14th february 2005 - fire start First alar 330,00 310,00 290,00 270,00 Iproving perforances by

5 Brightness teperature (K) 330,00 310,00 290,00 270,00 Varazze (14 February 2005) P80 L66 fire position 14th february fire start First alar 330,00 310,00 290,00 270,00 Iproving perforances by continuity: oving fro polar to geostationary satellite Geostationary Satellites, Meteosat, GOES, MetSat, etc. Fire Start/end 13:30/17:00 (GMT) SEVIRI 13 February ,00 230,00 250,00 230, :30 12:45 13:00 13:15 24 h_0000 h_0100 h_0200 h_0300 h_0400 h_0500 h_0600 h_0700 h_0800 h_0900 h_1000 h_1100 h_1200 h_1300 h_1400 h_1500 h_1600 h_1700 h_1800 h_1900 h_2000 h_2100 h_2200 h_2300 tie (GMT) Curtatone (Mantova) 13 Febbraio First alar :15 h 13:30 GMT Brightness teperature (K) : APPLICATIONS to do fast: µ±2σ Iproving tiely detection events :00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 tie (GMT) Teperatura di brillanza del pixel interessato dall incendio Media teporale e deviazione standard slot per slot per lo stesso pixel Soe exaples fro the pre-operational test in Lobardia Region ( ) FORation Multi-disciplinary Approaches to Training in Earth Observation Erasus Intensive Prograes Gazzaniga (BG) event on 19/2/2008 (2 h before alar) AVVISA

FORation Multi-disciplinary Approaches to Training in Earth Observation Erasus Intensive Prograes Bione (BS) event 4/4/2008 (30 in before VIS/IR

20-21/12/07 Tepo (GMT) AVVISA Aereal report and photographs collected 8 days after CAVARGNA 290 285 CAVARGNA 20 and 21 DICEMBRE 2007: MIR signal

GRAFICO_CAVARGNA_20_21_DIC 280 16:30 19:00 01:30 Teperatura di Brillanza 275 270 265 260 255 250 AVHRR SE

DOPO 19 ORE DALLA AFTER (ON DECEMBER PRIMA DETECTION 21) CON AT SEVIRI.

200712201815 200712201900 200712201945 200712202030 200712202115 200712202200 200712202245 200712202330 200712210015 200712210100 200712210145

6 FORation Multi-disciplinary Approaches to Training in Earth Observation Erasus Intensive Prograes Bione (BS) event 4/4/2008 (30 in before VIS/IR ground caera) RST- SEVIRI 15:00 LT Pria segnalazione CFS da telecaera fissa 15:30 LT Teperatura di Brillanza Radianza The Cavargna event on 20-21/12/07 Tepo (GMT) AVVISA Aereal report and photographs collected 8 days after CAVARGNA CAVARGNA 20 and 21 DICEMBRE 2007: MIR signal evolution RST detection 20 hours before! GRAFICO_CAVARGNA_20_21_DIC :30 19:00 01:30 Teperatura di Brillanza AVHRR SEGNALAZIONE INCENDIO C.F.S. DI FIRE ALERT GIVEN CURNO ALLE ONLY ORE 12:30 THE (LT) DEL DAY 21 DICEMBRE. DOPO 19 ORE DALLA AFTER (ON DECEMBER PRIMA DETECTION 21) CON AT SEVIRI. 12: MIR (Ch4) Media Ch4 ± 2 σ Tepo (GMT) WINTER COLLEGE ON OPTICS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Trieste 2 13 February 2009 RST application to Real-tie onitoring infrastructures APPLICATIONS to do ore & better: More than 300 sabotage since the Iraq war start by courtesy A. De La Cruz Oil Pipeline Explosion al-barjisiya, Iraq

Sabotage to pipelines in Iraq (4 July 2004) OIL FIRE OIL SMOKE

identification and onitoring Between 12:45 and 13:00 GMT a

9 µ 12:45 GMT 13:00 GMT Oil fire Euetsat 2005 Fro: http://www.iags.

9 µ) July 4, 2004 h 12:00 GMT identification and onitoring 12:45

Monitoring AFTER (each THE 15 PIPELINE in) SABOTAGE.

48 clearly N, Long43 32 visible over SEVIRI 23 E) fire and soke

13:15 GMT 13:30 GMT 13:45 GMT MSG-SEVIRI - Channel 3.

9 µ RST results and integration: soe exaples High teporal

High spatial resolution Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (18 October

(µ) Reference fields Month: October Tie-slot: 23:00 GMT SEVIRI

7 Sabotage to pipelines in Iraq (4 July 2004) OIL FIRE OIL SMOKE Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (22 June 2005) Real tie identification and onitoring Between 12:45 and 13:00 GMT a pipeline explosion, due to a sabotage along a known ( ) pipeline, is clearly visible over SEVIRI iages. MAP OF KNOWN OIL PIPELINES MSG-SEVIRI - Ch 3.9 µ 12:45 GMT 13:00 GMT Oil fire Euetsat 2005 Fro: Shortly before the pipeline sabotage. Iediately after the pipeline sabotage. Euetsat 2005 MSG-SEVIRI: Channel 4 (3.9 µ) July 4, 2004 h 12:00 GMT Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (22 June 2005) Real tie identification and onitoring 12:45 GMT: SHORTLY BEFORE THE PIPELINE SABOTAGE 13:00 GMT: IMMEDIATELY Monitoring AFTER (each THE 15 PIPELINE in) SABOTAGE. Oil fire ( (22 ) nd along June a 2005, known Lat35 4 pipeline is 48 clearly N, Long43 32 visible over SEVIRI 23 E) fire and soke evolution iage. 13:15 GMT 13:30 GMT 13:45 GMT MSG-SEVIRI - Channel 3.9 µ MAP OF KNOWN OIL PIPELINE MSG-SEVIRI - Ch 3.9 µ RST results and integration: soe exaples High teporal resolution Oil fire Soke oil Oil fire 14:00 GMT Euetsat Fro: :15 GMT 14:30 GMT Euetsat 2005 explosions Euetsat 2005 High spatial resolution Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (18 October 2005) Identification for sure (false alars eliination) by RST Mean (µ) Reference fields Month: October Tie-slot: 23:00 GMT SEVIRI Channel: 3.9 µ Peranent heat sources (e.g. refineries or power plants) Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (18 October 2005) Identification for sure (false alars eliination) by RST Peranent heat sources (e.g. refineries or power plants) Brightness teperature (Tb) St. dev. (σ) Dataglobe 2 August 2004

Identification for sure (false alars eliination) by RST October 18th 2005 pipeline blast

9 µ Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (18 October 2005) Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (18

66 281.58 2.60 1.56 Long 43.91) ALICE >1.5 ALICE >1.5 Refinery (Lat 30.215N Long 47.

37 Dataglobe 22 January 2006 Pipeline blast detection: tie and place the event Pipeline

23, 2005 - attack on pipeline carrying crude fro Kirkuk to Bayji, near al-fathah.

h Detected by RST since 13:00 GMT 22 June (the day before!

pipeline to Bayji near Al-Safra 30 iles west Kirkuk caused the shutdown two the Bayji

) 22-06-2005 13:00 9 µ 02-03-2005 18:30 9 µ MIR (r, >2 MIR (r, >4 Monitoring populations

(and borders) Attack to Ceuta e Melilla enclaves in Morocco (Morocco, 29 Septeber 2005) (3

8 Identification for sure (false alars eliination) by RST October 18th 2005 pipeline blast due to a sabotage in Iraq 18-Oct :00 GMT SEVIRI ch 3.9 µ Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (18 October 2005) Sabotages to pipelines in Iraq (18 October 2005) Identification for sure (false alars eliination) by RST 18-Oct :00 GMT SEVIRI ch 3.9 µ ALICE Hot spot Tb (K) µ (K) σ (K) (Tb µ)/σ Pipeline attack (detected) (Lat Long 43.91) ALICE >1.5 ALICE >1.5 Refinery (Lat N Long ) Dataglobe 22 January 2006 Pipeline blast detection: tie and place the event Pipeline blast detection: tie and place the event The case 22 June 2005 explosion: RST results June 23, attack on pipeline carrying crude fro Kirkuk to Bayji, near al-fathah... ( Detected by RST since 13:00 GMT 22 June (the day before!) The case 2 March 2005 explosion: RST results March 2, p (19:00 GMT) attack on gas pipeline to Bayji near Al-Safra 30 iles west Kirkuk caused the shutdown two the Bayji power station's four turbines... ( Detected since 18:30 GMT (1/2 hour before!) :00 GMT SEVIRI ch 3.9 µ :30 GMT SEVIRI ch 3.9 µ MIR (r, >2 MIR (r, >4 Monitoring populations (and borders) 29 Septeber 2005; 00:00 GMT MSG-SEVIRI channel 3,9 µ Monitoring population (and borders) Attack to Ceuta e Melilla enclaves in Morocco (Morocco, 29 Septeber 2005) (3 hour before fences crossing) Ceuta Ceuta, Septeber 29, 2005 [...At three o'clock in the orning a group twenty Congoleses and soe Costaarfileños crossed the two fences that separates Morocco fro Ceuta. With the there have been other iigrants fro different origins ] SEVIRI hot spot Capi rifugiati noti

305 300 295 290 285 280 Other security issues Explosion at the Hotel Hilton (Taba, Egypt, 7

9 µ brightness teperature (K) 284 283,5 283 282,5 282 281,5 281 280,5 Taba's SEVIRI 3.

channel: 3.9 µ Red Sea just before explosion 18.00 18.15 18.30 18.45 19.00 19.15 19.30 19.

00 tie slot (GMT) 3 2,5 2 Explosion 7 th October 2004, 19:15 GMT SEVIRI channel: 3.

18:45-18:30 19:00-18:45 19:15-19:00 19:30-19:15 19:45-19:30 20:00-19:45 20:15-20:00

Attack to the Lebanon International Airport Beirut 13-14 Luglio 2006 Lesson learnt?

49274 E ALICE + RAT/RST SEVIRI detection attacks to Beirut airport (18:15 GMT) Tb (K) To

Carrol Alice's adventures in Wonderland 2006/07/13_0000 2006/07/13_0030 2006/07/13_0100

2006/07/13_0400 2006/07/13_0430 2006/07/13_0500 2006/07/13_0530 2006/07/13_0600

2006/07/13_0900 2006/07/13_0930 2006/07/13_1000 2006/07/13_1030 2006/07/13_1100

2006/07/13_1400 2006/07/13_1430 2006/07/13_1500 2006/07/13_1530 2006/07/13_1600 tie slot

9 Other security issues Explosion at the Hotel Hilton (Taba, Egypt, 7 October 2004) Other security issues SEVIRI 3.9 µ brightness teperature (K) , , , ,5 Taba's SEVIRI 3.9µ brightness teperature 7th October 2004 Explosion 7 th October 2004, 19:00 GMT SEVIRI channel: 3.9 µ Red Sea just before explosion tie slot (GMT) 3 2,5 2 Explosion 7 th October 2004, 19:15 GMT SEVIRI channel: 3.9 µ ALICE index 1,5 1 0,5 0 after explosion Taba -0,5-1 -1,5 18:15-18:00 18:30-18:15 18:45-18:30 19:00-18:45 19:15-19:00 19:30-19:15 19:45-19:30 20:00-19:45 20:15-20:00 20:30-20:15 20:45-20:30 21:00-20:45 Red Sea delta tie slot (GMT) Other security issues Attack to the Lebanon International Airport Beirut Luglio 2006 Lesson learnt? SEVIRI channel 3.9 µ :45 GMT lat N, long E ALICE + RAT/RST SEVIRI detection attacks to Beirut airport (18:15 GMT) Tb (K) To face disasters! L. Carrol Alice's adventures in Wonderland 2006/07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_1600 tie slot 2006/07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_ /07/13_2330 Where we are RST People DIFA University Basilicata - Potenza Matera IMAA-CNR - Tito -(Potenza) V. Trautoli Abdus Sala International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) - Trieste 5 February 2009

The new challenge of community-based environmental monitoring and information systems: the Citizens Obsrevatories Tito Scalo (PZ) 13 July 2016

The new challenge of community-based environmental monitoring and information systems: the Citizens Obsrevatories Tito Scalo (PZ) 13 July 2016 Involving citizens in environmental monitoring and awareness: