LAB SAFETY & CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN

Transcription

1 LAB SAFETY & CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN Updated 3/9/2015

2 EMERGENCY CONTACT INFORMATION Cntact Name Cell Office Hme T get POWER shut dwn Jack Phillips Luke DeVries Dn Winkle T get RETURN AIR r Jack Phillips HVAC shut dwn T get GAS shut ff Campus Safety Envirnmental Health & Safety Dan Slager Jack Phillips Jel Bsma Bb VandenBerg Emergency (Dispatch) Office Supervisr Bill Crner Jim Ptter Heather Chapman Jennifer Ambrse Chemical Hygiene Officer Mike Barbachyn (269) Yung s Envirnmental Primary 24-hur Cleanup, Inc. Emergency Respnse Cntractr C. Stddard & Sns, Inc Back-up Emergency Respnse Cntractr 24-hur HAZMAT cmmunicatins center fr emergency respnders Expert treatment advice and assistance in case f expsure t pisnus, hazardus r txic substances CHEMTREK Pisn Cntrl Center Office: 8:00a 4:00p (269) After hurs: ; secndary:

3 Table f Cntents SECTION PAGE 1.0 Plicy Purpse & Scpe Definitins Respnsibilities Training Expsure Assessments, Medical Cnsultatins Recrdkeeping Standard Operating Prcedures 10 General Safety Prcedures 10 Health & Hygiene 10 Fd & Drink 11 Husekeeping 11 Vacuum Operatins 11 Unattended Operatins 12 Wrking Alne Ventilatin 13 Fume Hd Wrk Practices 13 Bilgical Safety Cabinets Wrk Practices 14 Decmmissining Prcedures Hazardus Material Handling & Strage 15 Transferring Hazardus Materials 15 Bilgical Safety Cabinets 15 Hazards Subject t Prir Apprval 16 Particularly Hazardus Substances 16 Expsure Determinatin 17 Physical Hazard Prvisins 18 Radiactive Material 18 Bilgical Material Cmpressed Gas Safe Handling & Strage Requirements 20 Hazard Identificatin 20 Labeling 21 Waste Cntainers Hazardus Waste Dispsal Emergency Prcedures 22 Chemical Spill 22 Fire 23 Pwer Outage 23 Injury 23 3

4 15.0 Standard Labratry Requirements 24 Signs 24 SDS 24 Restricted Access 24 Strage Areas 24 Cntrl Measures 25 PPE 25 APPENDICES Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I Appendix J Appendix K Appendix L Incmpatibility f Cmmn Labratry Chemicals Cmmn Labratry Flammable and Cmbustible Chemicals Flammable & Cmbustible Liquid Cntainment & Strage Requirements Cmmn Labratry Crrsives Cmmn Labratry Oxidizers Classes f Perxidizable Chemicals Chck Sensitive & Explsive Chemicals Plicy fr Terminatin f Labratry Definitins Lab Safety Inspectin SDS Request Frm Reprt f Expsure 4

5 Calvin Cllege Chemical Hygiene Plan Prepared by: Date: EHS & CHO 1/29/2015 Apprved by: Cabinet Date: Revisin POLICY The Lab Safety and Chemical Hygiene Plan has been prepared in cmpliance with the Michigan Occupatinal Safety and Health Administratin (MIOSHA) Hazardus Wrk in Labratries regulatin (the Labratry Standard Part 431). 2.0 PURPOSE & SCOPE Calvin Cllege is cmmitted t prviding a safe and healthy wrk envirnment fr the entire campus cmmunity. The principle purpse f this Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) is t define wrk plicies and prcedures t help ensure that labratry emplyees at Calvin Cllege will wrk safely with hazardus chemicals. Fr the purpses f this plan, labratry emplyees are thse wh rdinarily wrk full-time in a labratry space. The CHP is als intended t ensure that a safe labratry envirnment is in place fr temprary r visiting persnnel such as students, visiting schlars, and ffice, custdial, maintenance, and repair wrkers wh, as part f their duties, regularly spend a significant amunt f time within a labratry envirnment. The CHP des nt apply t all places where hazardus chemicals are used. Only labratries meeting the fllwing fur criteria are subject t the plan: Chemical manipulatins are carried ut n a labratry scale. That is, the wrk with chemicals is in cntainers f a size that culd be easily and safely manipulated by ne persn, rather than a manufacturing plant scale. Multiple chemical prcedures r chemicals are used. The prcedures invlved are nt part f a prductin prcess whse functin is t prduce cmmercial quantities f materials, nr d the prcedures in any way simulate a prductin prcess. Prtective labratry practices and equipment are available and in cmmn use t minimize the ptential fr emplyee expsure t hazardus chemicals. The wrding f these criteria are specifically intended t differentiate between labratries like the research labs at Calvin Cllege and labratries that are devted t a manufacturing prcess, which are cvered under ther regulatins. 3.0 DEFINITIONS See Appendix I 4.0 RESPONSIBILITIES Labratry emplyees and all ther persnnel wh wrk in labratries have the right t be infrmed abut the ptential health hazards f substances in their wrk areas and t be prperly trained t wrk safely with r in the presence f these chemicals. They als have the right t file a cmplaint with EHS and/r OSHA if they feel they are being expsed t an unsafe r unhealthy wrk envirnment. Envirnmental Health & Safety (EHS) Respnsible fr the develpment and implementatin f institutinal prcedures fr the establishment and maintenance f an envirnmentally healthy and safe wrkplace. EHS and the Chemical Hygiene Officer serve as resurces fr cmpliance with the CHP. Review the plan annually in cnjunctin with the Chemical Hygiene Officer. 5

6 Ensure that the CHP is available fr review n the EHS website r by cntacting the CHO. Keeps recrds f emplyee expsures t hazardus chemicals including, but nt limited t, measurements made t mnitr expsures and medical cnsultatins/examinatins. Prvide respiratrs when necessary fr wrking safely with a chemical r, in the case f the spill team, fr being prepared t respnd t a chemical spill. If there is reasn t believe that the actin level, r permissible expsure limit (PEL), has been exceeded fr any chemical fr which a substance-specific standard has been established, Calvin must determine the cncentratin f that chemical in the air. If the level measured is greater than the PEL r actin level, then: Ntify all affected labratry emplyees f the results f the measurement, and Cmply with the OSHA expsure-mnitring prvisins fr that chemical, as stated in 29 CFR thrugh Chemical Hygiene Officer (CHO) Wrk clsely with EHS, and academic units fr verall cmpliance with the CHP. May delegate respnsibility t thers, as necessary, t implement and carry ut the prvisins f the CHP. Shall have sufficient training and experience t prvide technical guidance in the develpment and implementatin f the CHP. The Cllege President has the ultimate respnsibility fr chemical safety. The CHO acts as the representative f the Cllege President in this capacity. Duties include the preparatin, implementatin, and maintenance f the CHP, setting frth the wrk practices, prcedures, persnal prtective equipment, and ther equipment that will prtect emplyees frm harm arising frm the use f hazardus chemicals in the labratries. Help faculty researchers develp precautins and wrk in adequate facilities. Ensure that wrkers knw the chemical hygiene rules and dcument that apprpriate training has been prvided. Assist in determining the required levels f prtective apparel and equipment and insure that this equipment is available and in wrking rder. Mnitr prcurement, use, and dispsal f chemicals in the lab. With the help f the Bilgy and Chemistry Lab Managers, ensure that cpies f all SDSs received are prperly stred and maintained (See Cllege Hazard Cmmunicatins Glbal Harmnizatin System Prgram). Insure that a Departmental Chemical Inventry List is maintained. Prvide regular, frmal chemical hygiene and husekeeping inspectins including rutine inspectins f emergency equipment. See Appendix J. Knw the current legal requirements cncerning regulated substances. Seek ways t imprve the chemical hygiene prgram. The Radiatin Safety Officer (RSO) Cmply with state and federal requirements fr using inizing and nn inizing radiatin including persnnel mnitring. In each labratry where inizing and/r nn-inizing radiatin is used, there will be a Calvin emplyee wh is respnsible fr certain essential functins t assure regulatry cmpliance and the safety f thse using radiatin. Campus Safety Will crdinate respnse activities in the event f an emergency with EHS and the CHO. Lab Wrkers All individuals perfrming wrk with hazardus substances must accept a shared respnsibility fr wrking in a safe manner nce they have been infrmed abut the extent f risk and safe prcedures fr their activities. They als have the respnsibility t infrm their supervisrs f accidents and wrk practices r wrking cnditins that they believe t be hazardus t their health r t the health f thers. Standard reprting prcedures and frms are available frm the lab supervisr r EHS. Be familiar with the CHP and fllwing the plicies and safety rules described in it. 6

7 Plan and cnduct each labratry peratin in accrdance with safe prcedures. Develp and maintain gd persnal chemical hygiene habits. Academic Deans Faculty Respnsible fr the verall safety and well-being f faculty, staff, and students in that they can make available the resurces necessary t carry ut the prvisins f the CHP. Faculty generally serve as labratry supervisrs, either in the teaching r research labratry settings, and, as such, have a special respnsibility t ensure a safe labratry envirnment fr all ccupants (vide infra). Faculty members need t prvide students and visiting schlars r staff with training at the beginning f each curse r research prject in which hazardus materials are used. Specific safety training instructins will be prvided at the beginning f each class perid n an as needed basis. Lab Managers Dcument incming hazardus chemicals by: Requiring that incming hazardus chemicals have adequate labels that are nt easily remved r defaced. Requiring that Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) fr incming hazardus chemicals be n hand prir t, r sn thereafter, f the receipt f hazardus chemicals. Filing all SDSs. Making SDSs easily accessible t emplyees. Maintaining an inventry f all chemicals in Calvin labratries. If select carcingens, reprductive txins, r acute txins are present in cncentratins f 0.01% r greater in the labratry, identify and pst ne r mre areas as "designated area(s)." Ensure that the Envirnmental Health and Occupatinal Safety (EHOS) ffice receive SDS that are utdated r bslete fr the purpses f archiving. Maintain the Vertere sftware and keep the chemical inventry up t date in the system. Ensure that student emplyees r visiting schlars knw and fllw the chemical hygiene rules. Ensure that prtective equipment is available and in wrking rder. Ensure that all cntainers in the wrk area are prperly labeled. Ensure that SDS's are maintained fr each hazardus substance in the labratry and ensuring that they are readily accessible t labratry emplyees. Determine, with help f the CHO, the required levels f prtective apparel and equipment. Ensure that facilities fr use f any material being rdered are adequate. Respnsible fr the safety and well-being f all persns in cntact with any cllege-related activity utilizing radiatin, chemical, r bilgical hazards. Crdinate and wrk clsely with lab supervisrs. Lab supervisrs include any faculty r staff member running a research prject that invlves hazardus materials as well as departmental teaching lab supervisrs. Specifically, the lab supervisr is respnsible fr; 5.0 TRAINING 1. Ensuring that all emplyees under his/her supervisin have received the apprpriate safety training, 2. Prviding all emplyees under his/her supervisin with site-specific training and dcumenting such training, 3. Fllwing apprpriate guidelines prescribed in this dcument, and in department r site-specific prcedures. Fr new faculty and staff, the immediate supervisr r department chair is respnsible fr the new emplyee safety rientatin (NESO) including review f the CHP. The NESO shuld nrmally ccur n the first day f emplyment t emphasize the imprtance f labratry safety at Calvin Cllege. Fr research students participating in a summer research prgram, the CHO and EHS fficer will arrange fr ne r mre NESO sessins. This will nrmally ccur n the first day f summer research prir t the beginning f labratry activities, hwever mre than ne sessin may be required since the start f 7

8 summer research is nt the same fr every student. Research mentrs are required t supplement the general NESO with lab specific safety infrmatin. All summer research students are required t participate in the NESO even if they have previusly participated in summer research, and they will cmplete the NESO frm each time they participate in the safety rientatin. Fr research students participating in research during the academic year, the research mentr is respnsible fr an adequate safety rientatin. 6.0 EXPOSURE ASSESSMENTS, MEDICAL CONSULTATIONS, AND EXAMINATIONS Suspected Expsures t Txic Substances There may be times when emplyees r supervisrs suspect that an emplyee has been expsed t a hazardus chemical t a degree and in a manner that might have caused harm t the emplyee. If circumstances suggest that such an expsure ccurred, the victim is entitled t medical cnsultatin and, if s determined in the cnsultatin, als t a medical examinatin. All medical examinatins and cnsultatins shall be prvided withut cst t the emplyee, withut lss f pay, and at a reasnable time and place. Criteria fr Reasnable Suspicin f Expsure It is the plicy f Calvin Cllege t prmptly investigate all emplyee-reprted incidents in which there is a claim that an emplyee was verexpsed t a hazardus substance. Events r circumstances that might reasnably cnstitute verexpsure include: A hazardus chemical leak, spill, r rapid release in an uncntrlled manner. A labratry emplyee had direct skin r eye cntact with a hazardus chemical. A labratry emplyee manifests symptms, such as headache, rash, nausea, cughing, tearing, irritatin r redness f eyes, irritatin f nse r thrat, dizziness, lss f mtr dexterity r judgment, etc., and sme r all f the symptms disappear when the persn is taken away frm the expsure area and breathes fresh air, and the symptms reappear sn after the emplyee returns t wrk with the same hazardus chemicals. Tw r mre persns in the same labratry wrk area have similar cmplaints. Expsures All expsure cmplaints are t be dcumented by the CHO using the Reprt f Expsure t Hazardus Chemicals Frm. See Appendix L. Cpies f these frms shall be sent t EHS. If n further assessment f the event is deemed necessary, the reasn fr that decisin shall be included n the Reprt f Expsure t Hazardus Chemical Frm. If the decisin is t investigate, a frmal expsure assessment will be initiated by the CHO r EHS. Expsure Assessment In cases f emergency, expsure assessments are cnducted after the victim has been treated. Otherwise, expsure assessments shuld be cmpleted BEFORE medical cnsultatins are undertaken. NOTE: It is nt the purpse f an expsure assessment t determine that a failure n the part f the victim, r thers, t fllw prper prcedures was the cause f an expsure. The purpse f an expsure assessment is t determine whether r nt there was an expsure that might have caused harm t ne r mre emplyees and, if s, t identify the hazardus chemical r chemicals invlved. Unless circumstances suggest additinal steps, these actins cnstitute an expsure assessment: Interview the cmplainant and als the victim, if nt the same persn. Have the expsed individual cmplete a Reprt f Expsure t Hazardus Chemical Frm. See Appendix L. List the essential infrmatin abut the circumstances f the cmplaint, including: The chemical under suspicin. Other chemicals used by the victim. All chemicals being used by thers in the immediate area. 8

9 Other chemicals stred in that area. Symptms exhibited r claimed by the victim. Were cntrl measures, such as persnal prtective equipment and hds, used prperly? Were any air sampling r mnitring devices in place? If s, are the measurements btained frm these devices cnsistent with ther infrmatin? If apprpriate, mnitr r sample the air in the area fr suspect chemicals. Determine whether the victim's symptms cmpare t the symptms described in the SDS r ther pertinent scientific literature. Ntificatin f Results f Mnitring The emplyee will be ntified f the mnitring results within 15 days after receipt f results. Medical Cnsultatin and Examinatin If emplyees believe that they have been ver-expsed t hazardus chemicals, emplyees are required t cntact the CHO wh will assist them in arranging fr an Expsure Assessment if necessary. The Expsure Assessment will be utilized by the cnsulting physician t determine if further medical cnsultatins and examinatins are warranted. The medical prfessinal shuld als be knwledgeable abut which tests r prcedures are apprpriate t determine if there has been an verexpsure. All emplyees wh wrk with hazardus chemicals must be prvided an pprtunity t receive medical cnsultatin and examinatin when: The emplyee develps signs r symptms assciated with a hazardus chemical t which the emplyee may have been expsed in the labratry. Mnitring, rutine r therwise, suggests that there culd have been an expsure abve the actin level, r OSHA PEL if there is n actin level, fr a chemical fr which an OSHA substance-specific standard has been established. There is a spill, leak, r ther uncntrlled release f a hazardus chemical. Emplyer must prvide the physician with: The identity f the hazardus chemical r chemicals t which the emplyee may have been expsed (Frmal Expsure Assessment if available). The expsure cnditins. The expsure symptms the victim is experiencing. Ordinarily, physicians will prvide EHS with the fllwing written infrmatin: Recmmendatins fr fllw-up, if necessary. A recrd f the results f the cnsultatin and, if applicable, f the examinatin and any tests that were cnducted. Cnclusins cncerning any ther medical cnditin nted that culd put the emplyee at increased risk. A statement that the emplyee has been infrmed bth f the results f the cnsultatin r examinatin and f any medical cnditin that may require further examinatin r treatment. These written statements and recrds shuld nt reveal specific findings that are nt related t an ccupatinal expsure. 9

10 Dcumentatin: All mems, ntes, messages, and reprts related t a cmplaint f actual r pssible expsure t hazardus chemicals are t be maintained as part f the recrd. 7.0 RECORDKEEPING OSHA regulatin 29 CFR , Access t Emplyee Expsure and Medical Recrds, addresses the strage and access t emplyee expsure and medical recrds pertaining t txic substances r harmful physical agents. The fllwing is a summary f this regulatin: The medical recrd fr each emplyee is t be preserved and maintained fr at least the duratin f emplyment plus thirty years. Sme recrd f the identity (chemical name if knwn) f the substance r agent, where it was used, and when it was used is retained fr 30 years. SDSs are t be archived thrugh the EHS department. If an emplyee r their designated representative, requests a cpy f the emplyee's health recrd, the Cllege is t prvide a cpy within 15 days f the request, r prvide facilities t make cpies at n cst, r lan the recrds t the emplyee r designated representative s that cpies can be made. 8.0 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES This CHP prvides certain prcedures fr health and safety standard perating prcedures (SOPs) that apply t labratry wrk invlving the use f chemicals, bilgical materials, and/r peratins with a high degree f risk. SOPs have been prepared t standardize the nrmal perating cnditins. Additinal prcedures may be necessary fr labs with health and safety hazards greater than thse presented in the CHP. General Safety Prcedures The fllwing guidelines have been established t assist lab faculty and staff t manage ptential hazards and t maintain a basic level f safety. Shwn belw are guidelines that establish minimum requirements fr thse wh may use and/r wrk in labs. 1. Understand the knwn hazards assciated with the materials being used. Never assume all hazards have been identified. Carefully read labels befre using an unfamiliar chemical. When apprpriate, review the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) fr special handling infrmatin. Determine the ptential hazards and use apprpriate safety precautins befre beginning any new peratin. 2. When mving chemicals in glass cntainers between labs r strerms, they must be transprted in breakresistant secndary cntainers. See p. 17 fr mre details. 3. Label all cntainers with chemical cntents. See p.23 fr mre details. 4. Be familiar with the lcatin f emergency equipment such as fire alarms, fire extinguishers, emergency eyewash, and shwer statins and knw the apprpriate emergency respnse prcedures. 5. Avid distracting r startling ther wrkers when they are handling hazardus materials. 6. Use equipment and hazardus materials nly fr their intended purpses. 7. Always be alert t unsafe cnditins and actins and call attentin t them s that crrective actin can be taken as quickly as pssible. 8. Wear apprpriate skin, eye and face prtectin. 9. Always inspect equipment fr leaks, tears r ther damage befre handling a hazardus material. This includes fume hds, glves, gggles, etc. 10. Avid tasting r smelling chemicals. 11. All building electrical repairs, splices, and wiring shall be crdinated thrugh Physical Plant. 12. Extensin crds are nt t be used as a substitute fr permanent wiring. Health & Hygiene The fllwing practices have been established t prtect labratry emplyees frm health risks assciated with the use f hazardus chemicals: 10

11 1. Avid direct cntact with any hazardus material. Knw the types f prtective equipment required while using any chemical. If in dubt, review the apprpriate sectin f the SDS. 2. Cnfine lng hair and lse clthing and always wear ftwear that fully cvers the feet. 3. D nt muth-pipette. 4. Use apprpriate safety equipment whenever there is a ptential fr expsure t hazardus gases, vaprs, r aersls. Check t ensure that lcal exhaust ventilatin equipment is wrking prperly befre use. In the event that general r lcal exhaust ventilatin is nt functining prperly, immediately stp wrk, ntify Physical Plant, and place a sign t ntify thers that wrk with hazardus materials is suspended until the equipment is wrking prperly. 5. Wash thrughly with sap and water after handling chemicals r bilgical materials, befre leaving the labratry and befre eating r drinking. 6. If there is a hazardus splash ptential, splash gggles shall be wrn as eye prtectin. 7. Clean and stre persnal prtective equipment as apprpriate. 8. Labratry emplyees shall be familiar with the signs and symptms f expsure fr the materials with which they wrk and the precautins necessary t prevent expsure. Fd and Drink in the Labratry 1. Prhibit eating, drinking, smking, r applying f cmmercial prducts in any labratry area where hazardus chemicals r bilgical hazards are in use. 2. Glassware r utensils that have been used fr labratry peratins shuld never be used t prepare r cnsume fd r beverages. 3. Refrigeratrs and micrwave vens used fr chemical r bilgical strage r ther labratry use shall nt be used fr fd strage r preparatin. 4. Refrigeratrs used fr chemical strage must be labeled as such and indicate that n fd r beverages shall be stred in it. Husekeeping Safety fllws gd husekeeping practices. The fllwing guidelines can be used t maintain an rderly labratry: Custdians are nt t clean up chemicals r bihazards. 1. Keep wrk areas (including flrs) clean and uncluttered. Clean up wrk areas after the wrk is finished r at the end f each lab r wrkday. 2. Dispse f waste fllwing dispsal plicies described in Sectin 12 (p.23). A separate receptacle must be designated fr nn-cntaminated glass. Cntaminated glass is cnsidered hazardus waste and shuld be dispsed f accrdingly. 3. Clean spills immediately and thrughly (if trained), as per the guidelines in this dcument and the prduct SDS. Ensure a chemical spill kit is available. Faculty, staff, and students shuld receive training n the prper prcedures f cleaning a spill and a designated emplyee shall assure that the spill kits are prperly stcked. 4. D nt blck exits, emergency equipment r cntrls. D nt use hallways and stairwells fr strage. 5. Assure hazardus chemicals are prperly segregated int cmpatible categries (Appendix A). 6. Custdial respnsibilities are limited t emptying the trash and sweeping the flrs. 7. Stairways and hallways must nt be used as strage areas. 8. Reagents and equipment items shuld be returned t their prper place after use. 9. Cntaminated r dirty glassware shuld be placed in specific cleaning areas and nt allwed t accumulate. 10. Chemicals, especially liquids, shuld never be stred n the flr, except in clsed-dr cabinets suitable fr the material. 11. Large bttles (2.5L r larger) shuld nt be stred abve the bench tp. 12. Reagents, slutins, glassware, r ther apparatus shall nt be stred in hds. Vacuum Operatins A mderate vacuum (i.e., dwn t 10 mm Hg), which can be achieved using a water aspiratr, may seem safe cmpared with a high vacuum (i.e., less that 10 mm Hg). Hwever, even mderate vacuum can have a large pressure difference between the utside and inside. Therefre, any evacuated cntainer must be regarded as an implsin hazard. 11

12 Apply vacuum nly t glassware specifically designed fr this purpse, i.e., heavy wall filter flasks, desiccatrs, etc. Never evacuate scratched, cracked, r etched glassware. Vacuum glassware that has been cled t liquid nitrgen temperature r belw shuld be annealed prir t reuse under vacuum. Rtary evapratr cndensers, receiving flasks, and traps shuld be taped r kept behind safety shields when used under vacuum. All cndensers cnnected t rtary evapratrs shuld at least be cled with circulating ice water. The use f a vacuum fr the distillatin f the mre vlatile slvents, e.g. ether, lw biling petrleum ether and cmpnents, methylene chlride, etc., shuld be avided whenever pssible. In situatins requiring reduced pressure, tw alternatives shuld be cnsidered; I. Utilizatin f a rtary evapratr system, r II. Slvent recvery via atmspheric pressure distillatin (preferred methd). Water, slvents, r crrsive gases shuld nt be drawn int a building vacuum system. When a vacuum pump is used t distill vlatile slvents, a cld trap shuld be used t cntain slvent vaprs. Cld traps shuld be f sufficient size and lw enugh in temperature t cllect all cndensable vaprs present in a vacuum system. After cmpletin f an peratin in which a cld trap has been used, the system shuld be vented. This venting is imprtant because vlatile substances that have been cllected in the trap will vaprize when the clant has evaprated and cause a pressure buildup that culd blw the apparatus apart. If such a trap is nt used, the pump r cmpressin exhaust must be vented t the utside using explsin prf methds. After vacuum distillatins, the pt residue must be cled t rm temperature befre air is admitted t the apparatus. All desiccatrs under vacuum shuld be cmpletely enclsed in a shield r wrapped with frictin tape in a grid pattern that leaves the cntents visible and, at the same time, guards against flying glass shuld the vessel cllapse. Unattended Operatins At times, it may be necessary t leave a labratry peratin unattended. Fllw these basic guidelines in the design f an experiment r prject t be left unattended: 1. Always check with yur labratry supervisr t determine if a labratry peratin can be left safely unattended. 2. If the peratin is t be left unattended fr extended perids and invlves hazardus materials r ptentially hazardus cnditins, develp a prtcl. It shuld be reviewed by the labratry supervisr and CHO. The prtcl shuld include respnses t ptential interruptins in electric, water, inert gas and ther services and prvide cntainment fr hazardus materials. 3. A warning ntice must be psted near the experiment if hazardus cnditins are present. This ntice must cntain infrmatin cncerning the hazard such as indicatrs f prblems and wh t cntact if such evidence is present. Wrking Alne Avid wrking alne whenever pssible. D nt wrk alne in a labratry if the prcedures being cnducted are hazardus r invlve the use f hazardus materials. If ne must wrk alne, let anther Calvin emplyee r Campus Safety knw the expected times yu will be in the lab. 12

13 9.0 VENTILATION Ventilatin cntrls are thse cntrls intended t minimize emplyee expsure t hazardus chemicals by remving air cntaminants frm the wrk site. There are tw main types f ventilatin cntrls: 1. General (Dilutin) Exhaust: a rm r building-wide system that brings in air frm utside and ventilates within. Labratry air must be cntinually replaced, preventing the increase f air cncentratin f txic substances during the wrkday. General exhaust systems are nt recmmended fr the use f mst hazardus chemicals. 2. Lcal Exhaust: a ventilated, enclsed wrkspace intended t capture, cntain, and exhaust harmful r dangerus fumes, vaprs, and particulate matter generated by prcedures cnducted with hazardus chemicals. These may include fume hds and bilgical safety cabinets. T determine ventilatin requirements, review the SDS. Once a lcal ventilatin system is installed in a wrk area, it must be used prperly t be effective. Fr use f hazardus chemicals warranting lcal ventilatin cntrls, the fllwing guidelines shuld be bserved: Fume Hd Safe Wrk Practices Cnduct all peratins that may generate air cntaminants at r abve the apprpriate PEL r TLV inside a fume hd. D nt put yur head r upper bdy int the hd, except during initial setup and befre hazardus materials are present. Hds shuld nt be used fr permanent strage f hazardus materials r equipment. With the exceptin f certain hazardus waste cntainers, all chemicals shuld be stred in an apprpriate lcatin utside f the hd. Hazardus materials and equipment shuld be placed > 6 inside the hd fr prper cntainment f chemical vaprs. Place heat-generating equipment t the rear f the hd. Hd ventilatin systems are best designed t have an airflw f nt less than 60 ft/min (linear) and nt mre than 120 ft/min (linear) acrss the face f the hd. Flw rates f higher than 125 ft/min can cause turbulence prblems and are nt recmmended. Equipment inside the hd shuld be placed s as t nt blck airflw thrugh slts in the baffle. Blcks may be necessary under large equipment t allw air t flw t the rear baffle. The fume hd safety-glass sash shuld be kept belw the stpper at apprximately 18. The hd sash shuld be set at this pint fr prcedures which culd generate txic aersls, gases, r vaprs. In general, the sash height shuld be set at a level where the peratr is shielded t sme degree frm any explsins r vilent reactins which culd ccur and where ptimum airflw dynamics are achieved. If a fume hd has n markings regarding sash height r inspectin dates, please cntact the CHO t arrange fr an inspectin. Alarms: Mst hds are equipped with flw sensrs. They will generally alarm if flw is t lw r t high. Typically the prblem crrects itself, pssibly after adjusting sash height. If an alarm cntinues, stp using the hd and cntact a lab supervisr r Physical Plant. The alarm can be muted, hwever the hd shuld nt be used until the prper flw rate is shwn n the mnitr. Emergency Purge: In the event r a spill, smke, r ther unintended vaprs, press the emergency buttn n the sensr t increase t maximum fan speed. When nt in use, the hd shuld be cmpletely clsed in rder t reduce energy cnsumptin. Minimize ft traffic and ther frms f ptential air disturbances past the face f the hd. D nt have surces f ignitin inside the hd when flammable liquids r gases are present. Never wrk with hazardus chemicals if the required ventilatin system is nt wrking. D nt blck air supply vents r exhausts in the rm. Always use prper persnal prtective equipment when wrking with chemicals in a hd. Hds are used when a chemical r a prcedure as a greater than usual ptential is especially dangerus, s eye prtectin, glves, and lab cats shuld be wrn. DO NOT ADJUST BAFFLES unless yu have been instructed t d s by the CHO. D nt remve baffles. ONLY ITEMS NECESSARY TO PERFORM THE PRESENT EXPERIMENT SHOULD BE IN THE HOOD. The mre equipment in the hd, the greater the air turbulence and the chance fr gaseus escape int the lab. 13

14 When instrumentatin is utilized fr a prcess inside a hd, all instruments shuld be elevated a minimum f tw inches frm the hd base t facilitate prper air mvement. Elevatin platfrms shuld nt be slid but have legs. Use f perchlric acid requires specialized hds. Never use perchlric acid in a hd nt designed fr that use. Perchlric acid hds have a wash-dwn feature which shuld be used after each use f the hd and at least every tw weeks when the hd is nt in use. Always make sure that the fan mtr pwer switch is in the "n" psitin befre initiating experiment. Nte: Sme hds d nt have individual "n/ff" switches and remain "n" cntinuusly. Radiactive materials may nt be used in the hds withut prir apprval f the Radiatin Safety Officer. An emergency plan shuld be prepared in the event f ventilatin failure r ther unexpected ccurrence such as fire r explsin in the hd. Hds shall nt be used as a means f dispsing f txic r irritating chemicals, but nly as a means f remving small quantities f vapr which might escape during labratry peratins. If vaprizatin f large quantities f such materials is a necessary part f the peratin, a means f cllecting the vapr by distillatin r scrubbing shuld be cnsidered, rather than allwing it t escape thrugh the hd vent. The cllected liquid can then be dispsed f as a liquid waste. Bilgical Safety Cabinet Safe Wrk Practices The Bilgical Safety Cabinets are used t prvide cntainment f infectius splashes r aersls generated by many micrbilgical prcedures. BSC s use High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters t prtect persnnel and prducts inside the BSC frm cntaminatin frm aersls and particulates. They als prtect the labratry by islating and cntaining the wrk in prgress within the BSC. Prperly maintained Bilgical Safety Cabinets are used whenever: Prcedures with a ptential fr creating infectius aersls r splashes are cnducted. These may include centrifuging, grinding, blending, vigrus shaking r mixing, snic disruptin, pening cntainers f infectius materials whse internal pressures may be different frm ambient pressures, inculating animals intranasally, and harvesting infected tissues frm animals r eggs. High cncentratins r large vlumes f infectius agents Guidance fr safe use f bilgical safety cabinet (BSC)s: Never use chemicals with the ptential t generate hazardus vaprs. The HEPA filters are intended nly t remve particulates and bilgical agents. Never wrk in r near the hd with the ultravilet light turned n. UV light can damage eyes and expsed skin very quickly. Only use the light fr the minimum perid f time necessary fr disinfectin, never mre than 15 minutes. Nte: NIH, CDC, and ABSA all discurage the use f UV as the primary means fr disinfectin. Wrk surfaces shuld be decntaminated with an apprpriate disinfectant n a rutine basis, after wrk with infectius materials is finished, and especially after spills, splashes, r ther cntaminatin by infectius materials. If the unit is nt left running cntinuusly, turn the blwer n and air purge fr at least five minutes t remve airbrne cntaminatin befre the next use. Each labratry shuld develp prcedures which identify the hazards that will r may be encuntered, and which specifies practices and prcedures designed t minimize r eliminate risks. Labratry persnnel must receive apprpriate training n the ptential hazards assciated with the wrk invlved, including the necessary precautins t prevent expsures, and the expsure evaluatin prcedures. Standards fr Inspectin: Each user is respnsible fr ensuring that fume hds and bilgical safety cabinets are perating prperly prir t use. Calvin arranges fr annual inspectins f fume hds and BSCs t evaluate the airflw, sash, and verall cnditin f each hd. Hds and BSC s will be psted with date f certificatin. Ntify the Physical Plant if there are peratin r maintenance cncerns. Standard repair r decmmissining prcedures When a request fr equipment repair r transfer t anther lcatin is initiated, the fllwing steps must be undertaken t ensure the safety f the emplyees respnsible fr repair r transfer if the equipment has been cntaminated by hazardus chemicals: 1. Infrm EHS and Physical Plant f the repairs and/r decmmissining f a hd r cabinet. 14

15 2. Remve chemical cntaminants with an apprpriate slvent r cleaning slutin if it s safe t d s. If nt, then tag the unit with cautin and pst a sign indicating that it is cntaminated and nt available fr use. 3. Once cntaminants have been eliminated, place sign indicating decntaminatin status in a prminent psitin n the equipment t be repaired r transferred HAZARDOUS MATERIAL HANDLING & STORAGE The decisin t use a hazardus material shuld be a cmmitment t handle and use the material prperly frm initial receipt t dispsal. Infrmatin n prper handling, strage, and dispsal f hazardus materials are available t all emplyees at r by cntacting EHS r the CHO. Always purchase the minimum amunt necessary t maintain peratins. 1. Chemical cntainers with missing r defaced labels shuld nt be accepted. 2. Chemicals utilized in the labratry r hd must be apprpriate fr the type and capacity f the ventilatin system. 3. Hazardus bilgical materials shuld be manipulated using safety equipment and techniques apprpriate t the risk grup and the evaluated bisafety level f the specific experimental cnditins. Bisafety cabinets used t prtect researchers frm bilgical hazards must be functining prperly, certified annually and apprpriate t the bilgical and chemical hazards in use. 4. Hazardus materials shuld be stred in apprpriate safety cabinets, clsed cabinets r nt mre than five feet abve the flr. 5. Chemicals shall be segregated by cmpatibility. 6. Hazardus material strage areas must be labeled as t their cntents 7. Strage f hazardus materials at the lab bench r wrk area shall be kept t a minimum. 8. A hazardus material mixture shall be assumed t be as txic as its mst txic cmpnent. 9. Substances f unknwn txicity shall be assumed t be txic. Transferring hazardus materials When transprting hazardus materials utside the labratry r research strerm, precautins shuld be taken t avid drpping r spilling them. 1. Carry glass cntainers in cmmercially available bttle carriers r ther leak resistant, unbreakable secndary cntainers made f rubber r plastic, with a carrying handle. 2. When mving hazardus materials n a cart, use a cart suitable fr the lad and with raised edges t cntain leaks/spills. 3. Use the ne-glve methd when in public spaces: the glved hand will hld the chemical/material that yu are transprting and the un-glved hand will be used t tuch cmmn public tuch pints (dr handles, elevatr buttns, etc) Bilgical Safety Cabinets Bilgical Safety cabinets are amng the mst effective, as well as the mst cmmnly used, primary cntainment devices in labratries wrking with infectius agents. Class I and II bilgical safety cabinets, when used in cnjunctin with gd micrbilgical techniques, prvide an effective partial cntainment system fr safe manipulatin f mderate and sme high-risk micrrganisms. It is imperative that Class I and II bilgical safety cabinets are tested and certified after installatin, any time the cabinet is mved, and at least annually thereafter. Certificatin at lcatins ther than the final site may attest t the perfrmance capability f the individual cabinet r mdel but des nt supersede the critical certificatin prir t use in the labratry. Bilgical fume hds are certified annually by Quality Air Services. As with any ther piece f labratry equipment, persnnel must be trained in the prper use f the bilgical safety cabinets. Of particular nte are thse activities which may disrupt the inward directinal airflw thrugh the 15

16 pening f Class I and II cabinets. Aersl particles can escape the cabinet in varius ways. Amng these are repeated insertin and withdrawal f wrkers' arms in and frm the wrk chamber, pening and clsing drs t the labratry r islatin cubicle, imprper placement r peratin f materials r equipment within the wrk chamber, r brisk walking past the cabinet while it is in use. Strict adherence t recmmended practices fr the use f bilgical safety cabinets is as imprtant in attaining the maximum cntainment capability f the equipment as is the mechanical perfrmance f the equipment itself. Always decntaminate the hd using prcedures adpted by the labratry after each use r at the end f the wrk day. Hazards Subject t Prir Apprval It is the respnsibility f the faculty/staff t evaluate hazards and identify lab activities that are sufficiently hazardus as t cause r have a significant ptential t cause injury t emplyees and/r students. As a guide (and as a minimum), the activities discussed in the MIOSHA lab standard shall be reviewed and assessed fr persnnel expsure. Be sure t check Calvin s plicies and regulatry guidance n the use f animals and bilgical materials in teaching r research. These activities require Cmmittee review prir t beginning any wrk. Prvisins fr Particularly Hazardus Substances Permissible Expsure Limits. The Labratry Standard requires that emplyers, fr labratry uses f substances regulated by OSHA/MIOSHA, assure that emplyees' expsures d nt exceed the Permissible expsure Limits (PELs). The PELs represent Time Weighted Averages (TWAs) in parts per millin (ppm) r milligrams f substance per cubic meter f air (mg/m3). The TWA represents the rati between expsure and wrk shift. PELs can be fund in the Occupatinal Health Standard Part 301 f Michigan s Department f Labr and Ecnmic Grwth. An additinal reference is the American Cnference f Gvernmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has established Threshld Limit Values (TLVs), which are TWA values similar t the PELs. Refer t the SDS r MIOSHA s web site fr expsure limits and related infrmatin. Emplyee Expsure Determinatin. Emplyees must cntact the EHS t perfrm expsure mnitring under the fllwing circumstances: 1. Initial mnitring must be perfrmed if there is reasn t believe emplyee expsure levels rutinely exceed the actin level, r PEL. 2. Peridic mnitring must be perfrmed when initial mnitring reveals an expsure. The emplyer must cmply with expsure mnitring prvisins f the relevant standard. 3. Emplyers must ntify the emplyee f the mnitring results within 15 wrking days after receipt f mnitring results. Recrds f expsure mnitring data shuld be retained with the EHS department indefinitely. Special Cnsideratins. The MIOSHA Labratry Standard requires that special precautins fr additinal emplyee prtectin be fllwed fr the labratry use f select carcingens, reprductive txins, and chemicals with a high degree f acute and chrnic txicity. Prtectin frm these hazards is prvided by assuring expsure t such hazards is minimized r eliminated. T minimize expsure, it is necessary t determine the rute by which expsure may ccur, whether by inhalatin, absrptin, injectin, ingestin r a cmbinatin f expsure rutes. T ensure emplyees d nt receive expsures in excess f the PEL, hygienic standards have been established fr many txic materials. The fllwing general hygiene standards shuld be bserved when using select carcingens, reprductive txins, and chemicals with a high degree f acute and chrnic txicity. 1. Establish a designated area. a. Use and stre materials nly in designated areas such as a restricted access hd, glve bx, r prtin f a lab designated fr use f highly txic substances. Assure that all persnnel with access are aware f necessary safety precautins and engineering cntrls are adequate. 16

17 b. Label all cntainers, strage and use areas apprpriately. See sectin 12 fr mre detail. 2. Use prper cntainment devices fr the prtcl and chemical(s) being used. a. Use a hd r ther cntainment device fr prcedures which may result in the generatin f aersls r vaprs. b. It is recmmended that breakable cntainers be stred in chemical-resistant trays. Wrk and munt apparatus abve such trays r cver wrk and strage surfaces with remvable, absrbent, plastic backed paper. 3. Remve cntaminated waste in accrdance with Calvin waste dispsal guidelines (see p. 22 fr details) 4. Fllw decntaminatin prcedures prir t leaving the designated area. a. Befre leaving the designated area, remve prtective apparel. Place it in an apprpriate, labeled cntainer. Thrughly wash hands, frearms, face, and neck. b. Thrughly decntaminate r dispse f cntaminated clthing r shes. If pssible, chemically decntaminate by chemical cnversin t a less txic prduct. c. Decntaminate vacuum pumps r ther cntaminated equipment, including glassware, befre remving them frm the designated area. Decntaminate the designated area befre nrmal wrk is resumed. d. Use a wet mp r a vacuum cleaner equipped with a HEPA filter t decntaminate surfaces cntaminated with particulates. DO NOT DRY SWEEP. e. Prtect vacuum pumps against cntaminatin with scrubbers r HEPA filters and vent effluent int the hd. 5. Always take extra precautins when wrking with particularly hazardus substances. a. Cnsult the SDS fr txic prperties and fllw the specific precautins and prcedures. b. Guard against spills and splashes. Apprpriate safety apparel, especially glves, shuld be wrn. All hds, glve bxes, r ther essential engineering cntrls shuld be perating prperly befre wrk is started. c. Ntify the lab manager immediately f all incidents f expsure r spills. Physical Hazard Prvisins Physical hazards f chemicals are prvided belw. User must take certain precautins t avid persnal injury r prperty damage. Additinally, users shuld understand chemical incmpatibilities and avid strage r mixing practices that may cause a vilent reactin r a txic gas. Flammable/Cmbustible Material: The Natinal Fire Prtectin Agency (NFPA) places flammable and cmbustible liquids in the fllwing classes: Flash Pint* Biling Pint Flammable Class IA < 73 F (22.8 C) < 100 F (37.8 C) Class IB < 73 F (22.8 C) >100 F (37.8 C) Class IC >73 F (22.8 C) <100 F (37.8 C) Cmbustible Class II >100 F (37.8 C)&< 140 F (60 C) Class IIA >140 F (60 C)&< 200 F (93 C) Class IIIB >200 F (93 C) *Flash Pint is defined as the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives ff vapr in sufficient cncentratin t frm an ignitable mixture with air near the surface f the liquid. Fr handling flammable/cmbustible materials, bserve the fllwing guidelines: 17

18 1. Eliminate ignitin surces such as pen flames, ht surfaces, sparks frm welding r cutting, peratin f electrical equipment, and static electricity. 2. Stre in NFPA apprved flammable liquid cntainers r strage cabinets, in an area islated frm ignitin surces r in a special strage rm designed fr flammable materials. 3. Ensure there is prper bnding and grunding when it is required, such as when transferring r dispensing a flammable liquid frm a large cntainer r drum. Assure bnding and grunding is checked peridically. 4. Assure apprpriate fire extinguishers and/r sprinkler systems are in the area. Crrsives are materials which can react with the skin causing burns similar t thermal burns, and/r which can react with metal causing deteriratin f the metal surface. 1. Cntainers and equipment used fr strage and prcessing f crrsive materials shuld be crrsin resistant. 2. Eye prtectin and rubber glves shuld always be used when handling crrsive materials. A face shield, rubber aprn, and rubber bts may als be apprpriate, depending n the wrk being perfrmed. 3. Never add water t acid. When mixing cncentrated acids with water, add the acid slwly t water. 4. An eyewash and safety shwer must be readily accessible t areas where crrsives are used and stred. In the event f skin r eye cntact with crrsives, immediately flush the area f cntact with cl water fr 15 minutes. Remve all affected clthing. Obtain medical help. Oxidizers are materials that react with ther substances by giving ff electrns and underging reductin. This reactin may result in fire r explsin. The intensity f the reactin depends n the xidizingreducing ptential f the materials invlved. Knw the reactivity f the materials invlved in the experiment r prcess. Ensure there are n extraneus materials in the area that culd becme invlved in a reactin. If the reactin is anticipated t be vilent r explsive, use shields r ther methds fr islating the materials r the prcess. Water Reactive Materials are materials that react with water t prduce a flammable r txic gas and heat r ther hazardus cnditin. Often a fire r explsin results. Safe handling f water reactive materials will depend n the specific material and the cnditins f use and strage. Examples f water reactive chemicals include alkali metals such as lithium, sdium, and ptassium, acid anhydrides, and acid chlrides. Pyrphric Materials are materials that ignite spntaneusly upn cntact with air. Often the flame is invisible. Examples f pyrphric materials are silane, silicn tetrachlride, and white r yellw phsphrus. Pyrphric chemicals shuld be used and stred in inert envirnments, and dated when received and pened. Perxidizable Chemicals (Organic Perxides) are materials which underg aut-xidatin (a reactin with xygen in the air) t frm perxides which can explde with impact, heat, r frictin. Since these chemicals may be packaged in an air atmsphere, perxides can frm even thugh the cntainer has nt been pened, necessitating careful handling. Date all perxidizables upn receipt and upn pening. Dispse f r check fr perxide frmatin after the recmmended time depending n the chemical. See Appendix Cmmn Perxide Frming Chemicals and Prtcl fr Detectin and Inhibitin f Perxides. D nt pen any cntainer that is defrmed r has bvius slid frmatin arund the lid. Light-Sensitive Materials are materials that degrade in the presence f light, frming new cmpunds that can be hazardus, r resulting in cnditins such as pressure build-up inside a cntainer that may be hazardus. Examples f light sensitive materials include chlrfrm, tetrahydrfuran, ketnes, and anhydrides. Stre light-sensitive materials in a cl, dark place in amber clred bttles r ther cntainers that reduce r eliminate penetratin f light. Unstable Materials are cmpunds that can spntaneusly release large amunts f energy under nrmal cnditins, r when struck, vibrated, r therwise agitated. Sme chemicals becme increasingly shcksensitive with age. Of great cncern in the labratry is the inadvertent frmatin f explsive r shcksensitive materials such as perxides, perchlrates (frm perchlric acid), picric acid, and azides. 18

19 1. Cntact the CHO when it is suspected that the inadvertent frmatin f shck-sensitive materials in ductwrk, piping, r chemicals being stred has ccurred. 2. Date all cntainers f explsive r shck-sensitive materials upn receipt and when pened. 3. Stre cntainers f shck sensitive r explsive materials in unbreakable secndary cntainers, away frm heat and direct sunlight. 4. If there is a chance f explsin, use barriers r ther islatin methds. Crygens are liquefied gases that can cndense xygen frm the air t create an xygen rich atmsphere in the nitrgen slutin; increasing the ptential fr fire if flammable r cmbustible materials are present. Asphyxiatin and cntainer ver-pressurizatin are significant hazards due t the large expansin rati frm liquid t gas (700 t 1). Many materials becme brittle at extremely lw temperatures. Brief cntact with materials at extremely lw temperatures can cause burns similar t thermal burns. Sme f the hazards assciated with crygens are fire, pressure, weakening f materials, and skin r eye burns upn cntact with the liquid. Equipment shuld be kept clean, especially when wrking with liquid r gaseus xygen. Gases r fluids shuld be cntrlled t prevent frmatin f flammable r explsive mixtures. Always wear safety glasses with side shields r gggles when handling. If there is a chance f a splash r spray, a full-face prtectin shield, an impervius aprn r cat, cuffless trusers, and high-tpped shes shuld be wrn. Watches, rings, and ther jewelry shuld nt be wrn. Glves shuld be impervius and sufficiently large t be readily thrwn ff shuld a crygen spill. Pthlders culd als be used. Cntainers and systems cntaining crygens shuld have pressure relief mechanisms. Cntainers and systems shuld be capable f withstanding extreme cld withut becming brittle. Since glass ampules can explde when remved frm crygenic strage if nt sealed prperly, strage f radiactive, txic, r infectius agents shuld be placed in plastic crygenic strage ampules. Reheat cld sample cntainers slwly. Radiactive Material The use f radiactive materials and equipment that prduces inizing and nn inizing radiatin is strictly cntrlled. Faculty and staff wrking with radiactive materials are required t fllw the safety practices dcumented in the respective Plans and Calvin s Radiatin Safety Plan. In rder t wrk in the area, persnnel mnitring devices may be required t mnitr fr expsure. If there are any questins regarding the infrmatin r requirements f wrking in the area, review the Radiatin Safety Prgram r cntact the Radiatin Safety Officer (RSO). Bilgical Material Hazards Use f bilgical materials requires a review by the BSO, Lri Keen. In sme cases, yur wrk may need t be reviewed by the Institutinal Bisafety Cmmittee. Refer t Calvin s Bisafety Manual. NIH Guidelines fr Research invlving Recmbinant DNA Mlecules The 2013 NIH Guidelines fr Research Invlving Recmbinant r Synthetic Nucleic Acid Mlecules defines levels f review necessary fr this type f research, respnsibilities f institutins, and investigatrs, physical and bilgical cntainment fr research. These guidelines apply t all institutins receiving NIH funding fr any research COMPRESSED GASES Special systems are needed fr handling materials under pressure. Cylinders pse mechanical, physical and/r health hazards, depending n the cmpressed gas in the cylinder. 1. Cylinders with regulatrs must be individually secured. Only cylinders with valve prtectin caps securely in place may be safely gang-chained (chained in grups). 2. When string r mving a cylinder, have the valve prtectin cap securely in place t prtect the stem. 3. Cylinders must be secured in an upright psitin at all times. Use suitable racks, straps, chains, r stands t supprt cylinders against an immvable bject, such as a bench r a wall, during use and strage. D nt allw cylinders t fall r lean against ne anther. 19

20 4. Use an apprpriate cart t mve cylinders. 5. Never bleed a cylinder cmpletely empty. Leave a slight pressure t keep cntaminants ut. 6. Oil r grease n the high-pressure side f an xygen cylinder can cause an explsin. D nt lubricate an xygen regulatr r use a fuel gas regulatr n an xygen cylinder. Use an xygen apprved regulatr. 7. Always wear gggles r safety glasses with side shields when handling cmpressed gases. 8. Always use apprpriate gauges, fittings, and materials cmpatible with the particular gas being handled. 9. When wrk with a txic, crrsive, r reactive gas is planned, the CHO shuld be cntacted fr infrmatin cncerning specific handling requirements. Generally, these gases will need t be used and stred with lcal exhaust ventilatin such as a lab hd r a gas cabinet designed fr that purpse. 10. Outside cntractrs/suppliers have been hired t exchange empty cylinders with full nes. Faculty and staff shuld limit mving cylinders, but when necessary, use the cylinder restraint cart STANDARD LABORATORY SAFE HANDLING / STORAGE REQUIREMENTS Hazard Identificatin At a minimum, hazardus material cntainers must have the chemical name(s) and hazard identificatin(s). With respect t identifying cntainers, strage areas and labratry entranceways, the fllwing guidelines shuld be fllwed. These respnsibilities can be delegated t smene wh has received adequate training but the ultimate respnsibility lies with the lab supervisr and faculty/staff wh are using r directing the use f the material. 1. Labels n incming cntainers f hazardus materials fr labratry use may nt be remved r defaced. Labels cntain infrmatin n the identity and the hazards assciated with the material. It is recmmended that incming cntainers be labeled with the department r user name and date received. 2. Labratry cntainers must be labeled (i.e.: bttles filled frm the riginal cntainer). 3. Hazardus material strage areas must be labeled per the guidelines established in sectin. Labeling As a rule, all cntainers must be labeled with the name f the cntents and the hazard(s), if nt prvided by the manufacturer. If a material has mre than ne hazard, it must be labeled with bth hazards. Additinally, the subsequent guidelines shall be fllwed: N hazardus chemicals and/r substances will be accepted fr use at Calvin Cllege, r shipped t any ther lcatin unless they are clearly labeled with the fllwing infrmatin: 1. The identity f the hazardus material and prper safety precautins a. Fr cntainers labeled by the manufacturer: i. Inspect the labeling n incming cntainers. ii. Replace damaged r semi-attached labels. b. Fr transferred prducts r prepared slutins labeled by the user: i. Label each chemical cntainer with the chemical name and hazard warning ii. Refer t the SDS fr hazard warning c. Fr labeling multiple small cntainers using the bx r tray methd: i. Put cntainers in bx r tray. ii. Label tray with chemical name and hazard warning iii. If cntainers are remved frm the bx/tray, they must be prperly labeled r returned t the bx r tray within the wrk-shift. d. Perxide Frming Chemicals must be labeled with: Date received, pened, tested, and results. 2. The apprpriate hazard warnings as utlined in the Federal Right t Knw Standard. a. All hazardus chemical labels must be clearly legible and prminently displayed n the cntainer b. If the chemical in questin is subject t any special regulatry prvisins - such as Michigan class "A" carcingen, then said chemical must be labeled in accrdance with the prvisin. c. In wrk situatins invlving statinary prcess cntainers r any prcess that might create a health hazard during the nrmal cmpletin f a given task (welding, fr instance) the label can be replaced 20

21 by a sign, placard r batch ticket indicating the identity and nature f the hazard. These warnings must be readily visible t emplyees. d. Any prtable vessel cntaining hazardus chemicals that will nt be used n the wrk shift during which the cntainer was filled, must be labeled with the apprpriate hazard infrmatin. e. N label may be remved r defaced unless a substitute is immediately prvided. Emplyees must nt remve r deface any label withut express cnsent frm a supervisr r appinted Chemical Hygiene Officer. The OSHA Cmpliance Directive states that, befre any prduct can be used, the prper label must be present. Any cntainer withut a label shuld be reprted by the emplyee t his/her supervisr. f. The identity n the cntainer label must read exactly as it des n the Safety Data Sheet. If a trade name is used n the SDS, then a trade name shuld be n the label. If the chemical name is used n the SDS, then the cntainer shuld be labeled accrdingly. g. Anything available ver the cunter as a cnsumer prduct t the public is exempt frm labeling requirements if it has already been labeled by the manufacturer and the label is intact. A summary f the new Hazard Cmmunicatin GHS pictgram and hazard warnings are belw: Waste Cntainers. All hazardus chemical waste shuld be segregated and labeled accrding t Calvin waste dispsal guidelines. Special attentin shuld be given t the fllwing areas: 1. Glass cntaining n hazardus material must be kept in receptacles labeled Brken Glass. 21