NGSS High School Physics Domain Model

Transcription

1 NGSS High Schl Physics Dmain Mdel Mtin and Stability: Frces and Interactins HS-PS2-1: Students will be able t analyze data t supprt the claim that Newtn s secnd law f mtin describes the mathematical relatinship amng the net frce n a macrscpic bject, its mass, and its acceleratin PS2.A: Newtn s secnd law accurately predicts changes in the mtin f macrscpic bjects. Cnceptual Physics : Mtin and Frces Subject: Physics Chapter 4 Sectin Curriculum Map Linear Mtin Speed Velcity Acceleratin Describe hw the mtin is a descriptin f hw fast an bject is mving Describe that mtin f an bject by its psitin, speed, directin and acceleratin. Subject: Physics Chapter 4 Sectin Curriculum Map Free-Fall Gravity Describe freely falling bjects Explain the relatinship between hw fast and hw far an bject falls. Determine the time an bject falls in free-fall Calculate the distance an speed f an bject in free-fall Subject: Physics Chapter 4 Sectin Curriculum Map Graphing Mtin Speed vs. Time Graph Distance vs. Time Graph Interpret and cnstruct mtin graphs. Explain n a speed vs. time graph the slpe represents the acceleratin Explain n a distance vs. time graph the slpe represents speed

2 Subject: Physics Chapter 6 Sectin Curriculum Map Changes in Mtin Frce Frce Diagrams Describe hw frce affects the mtin f an bject Interpret and cnstruct free-bdy diagrams Subject: Physics Chapter 2 Sectin Curriculum Map Newtn s First Law Inertia Equilibrium Explain the relatinship between the mtin f an bject and the net external frce acting n the bject Determine the net external frce n an bject Calculate the frce required t bring an bject int equilibrium Subject: Physics Chapter 6 Sectin Curriculum Map Newtn s Secnd and Third Laws Newtn s Secnd Law Newtn s Third Law Describe an bject s acceleratin in terms f its mass and the net frce acting n it Predict the directin and magnitude f the acceleratin caused by a knwn net frce Identify actin-reactin pairs Subject: Physics Chapter 3 Sectin Curriculum Map Everyday Frces Weight The Nrmal Frce The Frce f Frictin Explain the difference between mass and weight Determine the directin and magnitude f nrmal frces Describe air resistance as a frm f frictin Utilize cefficients f frictin t calculate frictinal frce HS-PS2-2: Students will be able t use mathematical representatins t supprt the claim that the ttal mmentum f a system f bjects is cnserved when there is n net frce n the system. PS2.A: Mmentum is defined fr a particular frame f reference; it is the mass times the velcity f the bject PS2.A: If a system interacts with bjects utside itself, the ttal mmentum f the system can change; hwever, any such change is balanced by changes in the mmentum f bjects utside the system.

3 Cnceptual Physics Mmentum and Cllisins Subject: Physics Chapter 8 Sectin Curriculum Map Mmentum and Impulse Linear Mmentum Cmpare the mmentum f different mving bjects Cmpare the mmentum f the same bject mving with different velcities Identify examples f change in the mmentum f an bject Describe changes in mmentum in terms f frce and time Subject: Physics Chapter 8 Sectin Curriculum Map Cnservatin f Mmentum Mmentum is Cnserved Describe the interactin between tw bjects in terms f the change in mmentum f each bject Cmpare the ttal mmentum f tw bjects befre and after they interact State the law f cnservatin f mmentum

4 HS-PS2-3: Students will be able t apply scientific and engineering ideas t design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the frce n a macrscpic bject during a cllisin. PS2.A: If a system interacts with bjects utside itself, the ttal mmentum f the system can change; hwever, any such change is balanced by changes in the mmentum f bjects utside the system ETS1.A: Criteria and cnstraints als include satisfying any requirements set by sciety, such as taking issues f risk mitigatin int accunt, and they shuld be quantified t the extent pssible and stated in such a way that ne can tell if a given design meets them. ETS1.C: Criteria may need t be brken dwn int simpler nes that can be apprached systematically, and decisins abut the pririty f certain criteria ver thers (Tradeffs) may be needed Clarificatin Statement: Examples f evaluatin and refinement culd include determining the success f the device at prtecting an bject frm damage and mdifying the design t imprve it. Examples f a device culd include a ftball helmet r a parachute. Subject: Physics Chapter 8 Sectin Curriculum Map Elastic and Inelastic Cllisins Cllisins Elastic Cllisins Predict the final velcities f bjects after cllisins, given the initial velcities (Sectin 6.2) Identify different types f cllisins Determine the changes in kinetic energy during perfectly inelastic cllisins Cmpare cnservatin f mmentum and cnservatin f kinetic energy in perfectly inelastic and elastic cllisins Determine the final velcity f an bject in perfectly inelastic and elastic cllisins

5 HS-PS2-4: Students will be able t use mathematical representatins f Newtn s Law f Gravitatin and Culmb s Law t describe and predict the gravitatinal and electrstatic frces between bjects. PS2.B: Newtn s law f universal gravitatin and Culmb s law prvide the mathematical mdels t describe and predict the effects f gravitatinal and electrstatic frces between distant bjects PS2.B: Frces at a distance are explained by fields (gravitatinal, electric, and magnetic) permeating space that can transfer energy thrugh space. Magnets r electric currents cause magnetic fields; electric charges r changing magnetic fields cause electric fields. Cnceptual Physics: Law f Gravitatin / Electricity and Magnetism Subject: Physics Chapter 13 Sectin Curriculum Map Newtn s Law f Universal Gravitatin Gravitatinal Frce Applying the Law f Gravitatin Explain hw Newtn s law f universal gravitatin accunts fr varius phenmena, including satellite and planetary rbits, falling bjects, and the tides Apply Newtn s law f universal gravitatin t slve prblems Subject: Physics Chapter 13 Sectin Curriculum Map Mtin in Space Kepler s Laws Weight and Weightlessness Describe Kepler s laws f planetary mtin Relate Newtn s mathematical analysis f gravitatinal frce t the elliptical planetary rbits prpsed by Kepler Slve prblems invlving rbital speed and perid Subject: Physics Chapter 32 Sectin Curriculum Map Electric Charge Prperties f Electric Charge Transfer f Electric Charge Explain the basic prperties f electric charge Differentiate between cnductrs and insulatrs Distinguish between charging by cntact, charging by inductin, and charging by plarizatin Subject: Physics Chapter 32 Sectin Curriculum Map Electric Frce Culmb s Law Calculate electric frce using Culmb s Law Cmpare electric frce with gravitatinal frce Apply the superpsitin principle t find the resultant frce n a charge and t find the psitin at which the net frce n a charge is zer

6 Subject: Physics Chapter 33 Sectin 3 Curriculum Map The Electric Field Electric Field Strength Electric Field Lines Cnductrs in Electrstatic Equilibrium Calculate electric field strength Draw and interpret electric field lines Identify the fur prperties assciated with a cnductr in electrstatic equilibrium HS-PS2-5: Students will be able t plan and cnduct an investigatin t prvide evidence that an electric current can prduce a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field can prduce an electric current [Assessment Bundary: Assessment is limited t designing and cnducting investigatins with prvided materials and tls.] PS2.B: Frces at a distance are explained by fields (gravitatinal, electric, and magnetic) permeating space that can transfer energy thrugh space. Magnets r electric currents cause magnetic fields; electric charges r changing magnetic fields cause electric fields. PS3.A: Electric energy may mean energy stred in a battery r energy transmitted by electric currents. Cnceptual Physics (Current and Resistance), Sectin 17.4 (Electric Pwer), Chapter 19: Magnetism Subject: Physics Chapter 34 Sectin Curriculum Map Current and Resistance Current and Charge Mvement Resistance t Current Describe the basic prperties f electric current, and slve prblems relating current, charge and time Distinguish between the drift speed f a charge carrier and the average speed f the charge carrier between cllisins Calculate resistance, current, and ptential difference by using the definitin f resistance Distinguish between hmic and nn-hmic materials Subject: Physics Chapter 34 Sectin Curriculum Map Electric Pwer Surce and Types f Current Energy Transfer Differentiate between direct current and alternating current Relate electric pwer t the rate at which electrical energy is cnverted t ther frms f energy Calculate electric pwer and the cst f running electrical appliances Subject: Physics Chapter 36 Sectin Curriculum Map Magnets and Magnetic Fields Magnets Magnetic Dmains and Fileds

7 Predict whether magnets will repel r attract each ther fr given situatins Describe the magnetic field arund a permanent magnet Describe the rientatin f Earth s magnetic field Subject: Physics Chapter 36 Sectin Curriculum Map Magnetism frm Electricity Magnetic Field f a Current-Carrying Wire Magnetic Field f a Current Lp Describe the magnetic field prduced by current in a straight cnductr and in a slenid Utilize the right-hand rule t determine the directin f the magnetic field in a current-carrying wire Subject: Physics Chapter 36 Sectin Curriculum Map Magnetic Frce Charge Particles in a Magnetic Field Magnetic Frce n a Current-Carrying Cnductr Galvanmeters Determine the strength f the magnetic field given the frce n a charge in a magnetic field Utilize the right-hand rule t find the directin f the frce n a charge mving thrugh a magnetic field Determine the magnitude and directin f the frce n a wire carrying current in a magnetic field Energy HS-PS3-2: Students will be able t develp and use mdels t illustrate that energy at the macrscpic scale can be accunted fr as a cmbinatin f energy assciated with the mtins f particles (bjects) and energy assciated with the relative psitin f particles [Clarificatin Emphasis: Examples f phenmena at the macrscpic scale culd include the cnversin f kinetic energy t thermal energy, the energy stred due t psitin f an bject abve the Earth, and the energy stred between tw electrically charged plates. Examples f mdels culd include diagrams, drawings, descriptins, and cmputer simulatins.] PS3.A: Energy is quantitative prperty f a system that depends n the mtin and interactins f matter and radiatin within that system. That there is a single quantity called energy is due t the fact that system s ttal energy is cnserved, even as, within the system, energy is cntinually transferred frm ne bject t anther and between its varius pssible frms. PS3.A: At the macrscpic scale, energy manifests itself in multiple ways, such as in mtin, sund, light, and thermal energy PS3.A: These relatinships are better understd at the micrscpic scale, at which all f the different manifestatins f energy can be mdeled as a cmbinatin f energy assciated with the mtin f particles and energy assciated with the cnfiguratin (relative psitin f the particles). In sme cases the relative psitin energy can be thught f as stred in fields (which mediate interactins between particles). This last cncept includes radiatin, a phenmenn in which energy stred in fields mves acrss space.

8 Cnceptual Physics: (Wrk & Energy) Subject: Physics Chapter 9 Sectin Curriculum Map Wrk Definitin f Wrk Recgnize the difference between the scientific and rdinary definitins f wrk Define wrk by relating it t frce and displacement Identify where wrk is being perfrmed in a variety f situatins Calculate the net wrk dne when many frces are applied t an bject Subject: Physics Chapter Sectin Curriculum Map Energy Kinetic Energy Ptential Energy Identify several frms f energy Calculate kinetic energy f an bject Apply the wrk-kinetic energy therem t slve prblems Distinguish between kinetic and ptential energy Classify different types f ptential energy Calculate the ptential energy assciated with an bject s psitin Subject: Physics Chapter 5 Sectin 3 Curriculum Map Cnservatin f Energy Cnserved Quantities Mechanical Energy Identify situatins in which cnservatin f mechanical energy is valid Recgnize the frms that cnserved energy can take Slve prblems using cnservatin f mechanical energy Subject: Physics Chapter 5 Sectin 4 Curriculum Map Pwer Rate f Energy Transfer Relate the cncepts f energy, time, and pwer Calculate pwer in tw different ways Explain the effect f machines n wrk and pwer