C5 Histology / MC3. What are the four primary tissue types? All tissue consist of cells and stuff between the cells.

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1 C5 Histology / MC3 What are the four primary tissue types? All tissue consist of cells and stuff between the cells. What is the stuff between the cells called? What are the components of this stuff? Why is this stuff important? Epithelial Tissue: Why is epithelial tissue avascular? What type of tissue always supports epithelial tissue? What is the basement membrane? Epithelial Tissue: What is the relative ratio between the matrix and cell in epithelial tissue? Epithelial cells form sheets that cover surfaces. What is important about these structures?

2 Epithelial Tissue: Why is epithelial tissue arranged either as simple or stratified? What are the two kinds of stratified spuamous epithelia? Epithelial Tissue: How are epithelial cells shaped? How are epithelial cells arranged? What does exfoliation mean? What is the most adundant, widely distributed, and histologically variable of the primary tissues? Even though C.T. is variable, what do all C.T. have in common? What are some of the funcitons of C.T.?

3 What type of cells are found in the different type of C.T.? Because of it s surface charge (negative), what is the primary role of the glycosaminoglycan molecule? Explain Areolar C.T. - Type of C.T. - Relationship to epithelial cells - Relationship to leukocytes - Orientation of fibers What type of fibers are found in the different type of C.T.? What is the most abundant protein found in the body? What fiber types are white or yellow?

4 In the intersticial spaces, betweent the cell and extracelluar fibers, what do we call the material that fills in these spaces? What three type of proteins fill in this space? What type of fibrous C.T. has its collagen fibers very closely packed together and aligned parallel to each other? What structures are formed by this tissue? Why might you say that proteoglycan molecules slow down the spread of pathogens? Explain How do adhesive glycoproteins hold cells together? What is the general difference between loose and dense connective tissue?

5 Reticular C.T. - Type of C.T. - Function - What fills space between cells? What tissue can be demonstrated by folding and releasing the external ear or by palpating the tip of your nose? What is the difference between a chondroblast and chondrocyte? What are the characteristics of the three different forms of cartilage? What are reference structures for this tissue? - hyaline cartilage - elastic cartilage - fibrocarilage What are the two forms of osseous t issue?

6 What type of fibrous C.T. has its collagen fibers bundles running in seemingly random directions? What structures are formed by this tissue? What is the difference between bones and bone (osseous tissue)? Osseous tissue is both hard and flexible. Explain What type of cell store triglycerides? What type of fibrous connective tissue support these cells? What are the two colors of fat? Explain What is the periosteum? What is the perichondrium?

7 What does blood have in common with most C.T.? What does blood not have in common with most C.T.? For most cells to grow normally, they must be achored to each other and to the matrix. The connections are call cell junctions. What are the three type of cell junctions? Explain Where would you expect to see these junctions? What are the three formed elements of blood? Muscle Tissue: What is muscle tissue specialized to do? Nervous Tissue: What type of signaling does nervous tissue use for communication?

8 Nervous Tissue: What two cell types are found in nervous tissue? Where do we find nervous tissue in the body? All cells have a membrane potential, however. What two tissue types use their membrane in unique ways and therefore are described as excitable tissues? Muscle Tissue: What are the three type of muscle tissue? Define the three muscle types using these terms: - voluntary or involuntary - striated or non-striated - one nucleus or multi-nucleated. What is a gland? What is the difference between a secretion and an excretion?

9 What is an endocrine gland? What is an exocrine gland? Where would you expect to see a unicellular gland? What are the two type of secretions produced by glands? Where would you expect to find each type of secretion? How do holocrine glands release their secretions? How do merocrine glands release their secretions? What are the two type of internal membranes? Where would you find these membranes?

10 What type of gland is an apocrine gland? Where do you find apocrne glands? When do they start to produce their secretions? What is the structure of a mucus membrane? (see fig 5.33) What is the largest membrane of the body? What is the structure of a serous membrane? - necrosis - apoptosis - ischemia - infarction

11 - hypertrophy - atrophy - hyperplasia - neoplasia - metaplasia What is a stem cell? What is the difference between an embryonic stem cell and an adult stem cell? After tissue is damaged, what are the two possible mechanisms for tissue repaired?

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