1. Which of the cellular components listed above are part of the endomembrane system and surrounded by a double membrane?

Transcription

1 Anatomy and Physiology 141 Fall 2014: Exam IA Name: Use the following list to answer Question 1. 1 Golgi apparatus 2 Nuclear membrane 3 Mitochondria 4 Rough ER 5 Smooth ER 1. Which of the cellular components listed above are part of the endomembrane system and surrounded by a double membrane? a. 1, 4 & 5 b. 4 & 5 c. 1, 2 & 4 d. All but 3 e. All of the above 2. Genetically abnormal cells that appear similar to the connective tissue from which they are derived are classified as which of the following? a. Malignant carcinoma b. Malignant sarcoma c. Benign carcinoma d. Benign sarcoma e. Hypertrophic tumor 3. In regards to bone homeostasis, which of the following is TRUE? a. Calcitonin facilitates the formation of Vitamin D b. PTH activates osteocytes c. PTH increases the amount of Ca 2+ secreted by the kidney tubules d. Calcitonin activates osteoblasts e. PTH is a thyroid hormone 4. All of the following are characteristics of homeostatic mechanisms EXCEPT: a. Positive feedback mechanisms return body variables to their set points by increasing the body variable b. Effector systems are controlled by central processors c. Receptors detect changes in body variables d. Central processors send efferent signals

2 5. In regards to the cranial vault, which of the following is TRUE? a. The parietal bone does not articulate with the sphenoid bone b. The temporal bone articulates with sphenoid bone c. The frontal bone articulates with the occipital bone d. The lamboid suture connects the temporal and occipital bones e. A & B 6. All the following are characteristics of mitosis EXCEPT: a. Kinetochores connect spindles to the centriole b. Following anaphase, two spindles attach to each centromere c. Dividing cells have at least two copies of the DNA during all phases of mitosis d. A & B e. A, B & C 7. All of the following may be found in the stratum basale EXCEPT: a. Dendritic cells b. Meisner corpuscles c. Melanocytes d. Langerhans cells e. B & D 8. Assuming the body is in the correct anatomical position, which of the following are dorsal body cavities and divided by a mid-sagittal plane? a. Cranial cavity b. Pericardial cavity c. Pleural cavity d. Mediastinum 9. In regards to the microscopic anatomy of bone, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Trabeculae are surrounded by the endosteal membrane b. Lacunae are connected by canaliculi c. Blood vessels are found within Volksman canals d. Haversian canals are perpendicular to the long axis of the osteon e. C & D 10. Which of the following sequences are arranged from latest to earliest? a. Anaphase, telophase, metaphase, prophase, G2, s-phase b. Anaphase, telophase, metaphase, prophase, s-phase, G2 c. Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase, G1, s-phase d. Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase, G2, s-phase e. Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase, s-phase, G2

3 Use the following list to answer Question Scapular 5 Sural 2 Popliteal 6 Mental 3 Brachial 7 Pectoral 4 Umbilical 8 Acromial 11. The body is first sectioned by a horizontal plane that passes through the inguinal region. The superior section is then sectioned by a para-sagittal plane that passes through the axillary region on the right side of the body. Which of the regions listed above can be found on only the lateral section created by the para-sagittal plane? a. 3 & 8 b. 1, 3, 7 & 8 c. 3, 7 & 8 d. 3, 6 & 8 e. 1, 3, & In regards to the layers that comprise the epidermis, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. When present, the stratum lucedum is the thickest layer of the epidermis b. The stratum granulosum contains cells that lack organelles c. The stratum corneum is comprised of mostly fragments of plasma membrane that include keratin d. The stratum basale contains fewer layers than any other epidermal layer e. A & B 13. In regards to the characteristic of the four basic tissue types, which of the following is TRUE? a. The cells of the nervous system are immersed aqueous fluid and connected by desmosomes b. Smooth muscle lack striations and can be activated voluntarily c. All connective tissue types include fibers in their matrix d. Most epithelial tissue is vascular e. All of the above are TRUE 14. Of the following terms, which is used to describe the genetic material that undergoes synapsis? a. Chromatin b. Homologous chromosome pairs c. Chromosomes d. Chromatids e. Sister chromatids 15. In regard to the general characteristics of connective tissue, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. All types of connective tissue have fibers embedded in an extracellular matrix b. Some types of connective tissue are vascular c. All types of cartilage lack nervous tissue d. All types of connective tissue arise from the embryological mesoderm e. Components of the ground substance is acquired through dietary intake

4 16. The maintenance of life depends on all of the following EXCEPT: a. Boundaries separating the internal environment from the outside world b. Mechanisms that permit cells to ingest food c. Biochemical pathways that permit energy stored in complex molecules to be released d. The capacity to reproduce e. Ability to respond to stimuli in the natural world 17. In regards to the gross anatomy of bone, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Epiphysis may include more than one epiphyseal plates b. In adults, red marrow is primarily located in the diploe of short bones c. Most bones have a disc of fibrocartilage that covers the surface of the epiphysis d. The medulary cavity is surrounded by the endosteal membrane e. Yellow marrow is present in the medullary cavity of mature bone 18. In regards to synapsis, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Synapsis occurs at chiasmata b. Chromosomes that undergo synapsis have more genes than they did prior to synapsis c. Synapsis can only occur during prophase of meiosis I d. Synapsis can only occur between a maternal and a paternal chromosome e. B & D 19. In regards to cartilage, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Hyaline cartilage is the most widely distributed type of cartilage b. Lacunae are not found in fibrocartilage c. Collagen is the most fiber found in the matrix of fibrocartilage d. All types of cartilage are surrounded by a perichondral membrane e. C & D 20. All of the following are characteristics of the cytoskeleton EXCEPT: a. Microfilaments are connected to the centriole and inner surface of the plasma membrane b. Microfilaments are contractile proteins that allow the cell to change shape c. Spindles are formed from intermediate fibers d. A & B e. A & C 21. In regards to the contribution of that the sphenoid bone makes to the skull, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. The sphenoid bone articulates with all the other cranial bones b. The sphenoid bone contributes to the lateral surface of the skull c. The greater wing of the sphenoid bone forms the anterior cranial fossa d. The sphenoid bone contributes to the posterior aspect of the eye orbit e. A & C

5 22. In regards to the cell cycle, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Chromatids are replicated during the S phase b. For non-dividing cells, G0 is the longest stage of the life cycle c. Gene expression may occur during G2 of the cell cycle d. S phase must occur for cells to divide e. A & B 23. In regard to the temporal bone, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. The external auditory meatus is superior to the styloid process b. The petrous region houses the middle and inner ear c. The two temporal bones connect to form the middle cranial fossa d. The mastoid portion of the temporal bone is closest to the occipital bone e. The styloid process is the site for muscle attachment 24. In regards to the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Peripheral proteins are usually associated with regions of the membrane that are hydrophilic b. Hydrophobic regions of phospholipids are located in the center of the membrane c. Integral proteins may act as membrane channels d. Phosphate functional groups attached to phospholipids are only in contact with the fluid surrounding the outside of the cell e. C & D 25. All of the following are properties of epithelial cells EXCEPT: a. Apical cell layers that undergo mitosis frequently b. Receive oxygen and nutrients by diffusion c. May be classified based on the shape of the most superficial cell layer d. Located in areas within the body that are in contact with fluid 26. In regards to meiosis, which of the following is TRUE? a. Synapsis exchanges genetic information between sister chromatids b. Sister chromatids separate during Prophase II c. Cells at the beginning of Metaphase II are haploid d. A & C e. A, B & C 27. In regard to sweat glands, which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Sebum mau limit the growth of some basteria b. Apocrine glands are localized to only axillary body regions c. Eccrine glands are activated by the sympathetic nervous system d. Sebaceous glands are holocrine grands e. Ceruminous glands are only found in the auditory canal

6 28. In regards to membrane transport, which of the following is NOT TRUE? the a. Cellular energy is not required during non-selective movement of materials across cell membrane b. Receptors present on the coated pit selectively bind extra-cellular materials during receptor mediated endocytosis c. Osmosis moves water from areas with lower solute concentration to areas with higher solute concentration d. Pinocytosis is the selective movement of fluid and dissolved materials into cells 29. In regards to the function and location of the different types of tissue, which of the following is NOT TRUE? tissue a. Respiratory membrane of the lungs is comprised mainly of simple columnar epithelial b. Collecting duct of the kidney is comprised mainly of simple cuboidal epithelial tissue c. Articulations between two long bones is likely to include a type of connective tissue that is vascular d. Mucosal layer of the trachea is likely to include a type of epithelial tissue that has cilia e. A & C Use the following table to answer Question Simple squamous epithelium 5 Pseudostratified columnar epithelium 2 Stratified squamous epithelium 6 Simple cuboidal epithelium 3 Simple columnar epithelium 7 Stratified cuboidal epithelium 4 Stratified columnar epithelium 8 Transitional epithelium 30. Of the tissue types listed above, which are commonly present in areas of the body where damage to the apical surface of the tissue is likely? a. 1 & 2 b. 1, 2, 4 & 7 c. 2, 4, 5 & 7 d. 2, 4 & 7 e. 2, 4, 7 & 8