The Cell Cycle. Chapter 12
|
|
- Ashlynn Jackson
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Cell Cycle Chapter 12
2 Why are cells small? As cells get bigger they don t work as well WHY? Difficulties Larger Cells Have: More demands on its DNA Less efficient in moving nutrients/waste across its cell membrane à Diffusion
3 Function of Cell Division Unicellular organisms reproduction of organism, increase in population Multicellular organisms development, growth, repair Involves distribution of identical genetic material to two daughter cells
4
5 The Cell Cycle Interphase cell grows by producing proteins & organelles, replicates DNA, prepares for cell division. Accounts for 90% of cell cycle G1 phase growth, cell performs it s normal function This phase varies most in length among different types of cells S phase DNA synthesis chromosomes are duplicated G2 phase growth and preparation for cell division Mitotic phase: includes mitosis & cytokinesis Mitosis = the formation of two daughter nuclei Cytokinesis = division of the cytoplasm
6 Replication of DNA during the S phase DNA molecules are packaged into chromosomes Prokaryotes genome is a single circular chromosome Eukaryotes genome consists of several chromosomes Every species has a characteristic number of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell. Human somatic (body) cells have 46 chromosomes or two sets of 23. Human gametes (sperm or egg) have 23 chromosomes
7
8 Learning Check A single gamete can grow into a zygote through the process of mitosis: True False Eggs and sperm are what type of cells? Somatic Cells Gametes Germ Cells
9 Learning Check A zygote grows into an organism through what process? Mitosis Meiosis Gametes are produced from what type of cells? Somatic Cells Gametes Germ Cells
10 Learning Check A skin cell is an example of: Gamete Germ Cell Zygote Somatic Cell A skin cell would divide to make more skin cells using the process of: Mitosis Meiosis Fertilization
11 Learning Check Why must somatic cells be produced through mitosis? Because mitosis produces four genetically distinct daughter cells. Because somatic cells are used for sexual reproduction To ensure that old, damaged, or growing cells are replaced with cells that are different from the parent cell To ensure that old, damaged, or growing cells are replaced with the cells that are the same type and can perform the same function
12 Replication of DNA during the S phase Eukaryotic chromosomes are made of chromatin a complex of DNA & protein. Proteins maintain the structure and help control gene activity In a non-dividing cell, each chromosome is in the form of a long thin chromatin fiber.
13 DNA replication (continued) Before cell division, chromatin condenses Each duplicated chromosome consists of two sister chromatids = identical copies of DNA Centromere = region where chromatids connect During mitosis, the sister chromatids are pulled apart.
14 Chromosomes
15 Subphases of Mitosis Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
16
17
18 Learning Check During the S phase of the cell cycle, DNA is replicated. What form would you expect the DNA to be in? Tightly wound around histone proteins as chromosomes Separate nucleotides just floating around the nucleus In a loose pile During the M phase of the cell cycle, what form would you expect the DNA to be in? Tightly wound around histone proteins as chromosomes Separate nucleotides just floating around the nucleus In a loose pile
19 Learning Check In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place? G1 S G2 M Interphase is the part of the cell cycle when the cell: Grows and duplicates its DNA Undergoes mitosis Ceases to function Divides its cytoplasm
20 Learning Check In which phase of the cell cycle are new daughter cells formed? G1 S G2 M Cytokinesis In which stage of the cell cycle would you expect the growing of the cell to occur? G1 S G2 M Cytokinesis In which stage of the cell cycle would checking for DNA integrity occur? G1 S G2 M Cytokinesis
21 Learning Check In the above diagram, what do the yellow circles represent? Chromosomes Homology Chromatids centromeres
22 Learning Check What do these two chromosomes together represent? Homologous Chromosomes Histones Chromatids centromeres
23 Learning Check How many chromatids are shown in the diagram above? Centromeres connect how many chromatids?
24 Role of mitotic spindle Mitotic spindle - originates from centrosomes, composed of microtubules and associated proteins (tubulin) In animal cells each centrosome has a pair of centrioles at the center. As mitosis starts, the two centrosomes are located near the nucleus As the spindle fibers grow from them the centrioles are pushed apart towards opposite ends of the cell
25 Role of spindle fibers (cont.) Each sister chromatid has a kinetochore a region of proteins and DNA at the centromere. During prometaphase, some spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores. the chromosome will move toward the pole from which the microtubules come. Eventually the chromosomes settle along the metaphase plate. Nonkinetochore microtubules from opposite poles overlap and interact with each other
26 Role of spindle fibers (cont.) During anaphase the proteins that have held the sister chromatids together are inactivated and each chromatid becomes a full fledged chromosome Chromosomes move toward opposite poles of the cell Hypothesis: motor proteins on the kinetochore walk the attached chromosome along the microtubule. Excess microtubule sections depolymerize at the end of the kinetochore
27 Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm; typically follows mitosis Animal cells the process involves cleavage First sign of cleavage = cleavage furrow Cleavage furrow is formed by a ring of contractile actin microfilaments + molecules of the motor protein myosin Contraction of the ring pinches the cell in two.
28 Cytokinesis in Plant Cells Plant cells cell wall necessitates a different mechanism cell plate During telophase, vesicles from the Golgi apparatus organize at the metaphase plate forming the cell plate The plate enlarges until its membranes fuse with the plasma membrane The contents of the vesicles form new cell wall material between the daughter cells
29 Cell Division in Prokaryotes Mitosis in eukaryotes may have evolved from binary fission in prokaryotes Bacterial chromosome is a circular DNA molecule with associated proteins. In binary fission, chromosome replication begins at one point (the origin of replication) and proceeds in both directions around the circle
30 The Evolution of Mitosis Since prokaryotes preceded eukaryotes by billions of years It is likely that mitosis evolved from bacterial cell division Certain protists Exhibit types of cell division that seem intermediate between binary fission and mitosis carried out by most eukaryotic cells
31 Prokaryotes. During binary fission, the origins of the daughter chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell. The mechanism is not fully understood, but proteins may anchor A hypothetical daughter chromosomes sequence to specific for the sites evolution on the of plasma membrane. mitosis Dinoflagellates. In unicellular protists called dinoflagellates, the nuclear envelope remains intact during cell division, and the chromosomes attach to the nuclear envelope. Microtubules pass through the nucleus inside cytoplasmic tunnels, reinforcing the spatial orientation of the nucleus, which then divides in a fission process reminiscent of bacterial division. Diatoms. In another group of unicellular protists, the diatoms, the nuclear envelope also remains intact during cell division. But in these organisms, the microtubules form a spindle within the nucleus. Microtubules separate the chromosomes, and the nucleus splits into two daughter nuclei. Most eukaryotes. In most other eukaryotes, including plants and animals, the spindle forms outside the nucleus, and the nuclear envelope breaks down during mitosis. Microtubules separate the chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope then re-forms. Bacterial chromosome Chromosomes Microtubules Intact nuclear envelope Kinetochore microtubules Intact nuclear envelope Kinetochore microtubules Centrosome Fragments of nuclear envelope
THE CELL CYCLE & MITOSIS. Asexual Reproduction: Production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent.
THE CELL CYCLE & MITOSIS Asexual Reproduction: Production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent. Sexual Reproduction: The fusion of two separate parent cells that produce offspring with
More informationThe Process of Cell Division. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview The Process of Cell Division
Lesson Overview 10.2 The Process of Cell Division Chromosomes genetic information passed from parent to offspring is carried by chromosomes. Chromosomes enable precise DNA separation during cell division.
More informationCHAPTER 12 - THE CELL CYCLE (pgs )
CHAPTER 12 - THE CELL CYCLE (pgs. 228-245) CHAPTER SEVEN TARGETS I. Describe the importance of mitosis in single-celled and multi-cellular organisms. II. Explain the organization of DNA molecules and their
More informationCell Division. Binary Fission, Mitosis & Meiosis 2/9/2016. Dr. Saud Alamri
Cell Division Binary Fission, Mitosis & Meiosis 1 Prokaryotic cells reproduce asexually by a type of cell division called binary fission 2 Prokaryotic chromosome Division into two daughter cells Plasma
More informationMitosis and Meiosis Cell growth and division
LIMITS TO CELL GROWTH Mitosis and Meiosis Cell growth and division The larger the cell, the more trouble the cell has moving nutrients and waste across the cell membrane. LIMITS TO CELL GROWTH 1. DNA/information
More informationFertilization of sperm and egg produces offspring
In sexual reproduction Fertilization of sperm and egg produces offspring In asexual reproduction Offspring are produced by a single parent, without the participation of sperm and egg CONNECTIONS BETWEEN
More informationThe division of a unicellular organism reproduces an entire organism, increasing the population. Here s one amoeba dividing into 2.
1. Cell division functions in 3 things : reproduction, growth, and repair The division of a unicellular organism reproduces an entire organism, increasing the population. Here s one amoeba dividing into
More informationTopic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome
Topic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13 The Eukaryotic Genome pp. 244-245,268-269 Genome All of the genes in a cell. Eukaryotic cells contain their DNA in long linear pieces. In prokaryotic cells, there is
More information3.2.2 All cells arise from other cells
alevelbiology.co.uk SPECIFICATION Within multicellular organisms, not all cells retain the ability to divide. Eukaryotic cells that do retain the ability to divide show a cell cycle. DNA replication occurs
More informationCell Cycle and Mitosis
Cell Cycle and Mitosis THE CELL CYCLE The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a eukaryotic cell between its formation and the moment it replicates itself. These
More informationMitosis and Meiosis Cell growth and division
Mitosis and Meiosis Cell growth and division The larger the cell, the more trouble the cell has moving nutrients and waste across the cell membrane. 1. DNA/information overload As a cell increases in size,
More informationBiology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis
Biology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis 6:1 Chromosomes DNA GENES CHROMATIN/CHROMOSOMES CHROMOSOMES/CHROMATIN are made of units called GENES. GENES are made of a compound called deoxyribonucleic acid or
More informationMeiosis. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Meiosis Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Sexual reproduction requires fertilization, a union of two cells from two individual organisms. If those two cells each contain one set of chromosomes, then the resulting cell
More informationKey Concepts. n Cell Cycle. n Interphase. n Mitosis. n Cytokinesis
The Cell Cycle B-2.6: Summarize the characteristics of the cell cycle: interphase (G 1, S, G 2 ); the phases of mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase); and plant and animal cytokinesis. Key
More informationCell Reproduction Review
Name Date Period Cell Reproduction Review Explain what is occurring in each part of the cell cycle --- G 0, G1, S, G2, and M. 1 CELL DIVISION Label all parts of each cell in the cell cycle and explain
More informationCell Growth, Division, and Reproduction
Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction Human Development: Mitosis and Meiosis Division of the Cell Before a cell grows too large, it divides into two new daughter cells in a process called cell division.
More informationCellular Division. copyright cmassengale
Cellular Division 1 Cell Division All cells are derived from pre- existing cells New cells are produced for growth and to replace damaged or old cells Differs in prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (protists,
More informationBenchmark Clarification for SC.912.L.16.17
Benchmark Clarification for SC.912.L.16.17 Students will: Differentiate the process of meiosis and meiosis Describe the role of mitosis in asexual reproduction, and/or the role of meiosis in sexual reproduction,
More informationCell Division (Outline)
Cell Division (Outline) 1. Overview of purpose and roles. Comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes and relation between organelles and cell division. 2. Eukaryotic cell reproduction: asexual
More information2:1 Chromosomes DNA Genes Chromatin Chromosomes CHROMATIN: nuclear material in non-dividing cell, composed of DNA/protein in thin uncoiled strands
Human Heredity Chapter 2 Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis 2:1 Chromosomes DNA Genes Chromatin Chromosomes CHROMATIN: nuclear material in non-dividing cell, composed of DNA/protein in thin uncoiled strands
More informationCell Division. Mitosis
Cell division consists of two phases, nuclear division followed by cytokinesis. Nuclear division divides the genetic material in the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm. There are two kinds
More informationThe Cell Cycle & Cell Division
The Cell Cycle & Cell Division http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/2001/press.html The Cell Cycle Animated Cycle http://www.cellsalive.com/cell_cycle.htm MITOSIS Mitosis The process of cell division
More informationChapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction. What is Cellular Reproduction?
Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction What is Cellular Reproduction? Answer: The division of a parent cell into two daughter cells Requirements of Each Daughter Cell: 1) Necessary genomic
More informationCELL GROWTH AND DIVISION. Chapter 10
CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION Chapter 10 Cell division = The formation of 2 daughter cells from a single parent cell Increases ratio of surface area to volume for each cell Allows for more efficient exchange
More informationKEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions.
5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. 5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle Why must cells divide? Growth and Repair -
More information10.1 Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction
10.1 Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction Lesson Objectives Explain the problems that growth causes for cells. Compare asexual and sexual reproduction. Lesson Summary Limits to Cell Size There are two
More informationName Chapter 10: Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis Mrs. Laux Take home test #7 DUE: MONDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2009 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. A bacterial chromosome consists of: A. a linear DNA molecule many times larger than the cell. B. a circular DNA molecule many times larger than the cell. C. a circular DNA
More informationReading Assignments. A. Systems of Cell Division. Lecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division
Lecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division Reading Assignments Read Chapter 18 Cell Cycle & Cell Death Read Chapter 19 Cell Division Read Chapter 20 pages 659-672 672 only (Benefits of Sex & Meiosis sections)
More informationLecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division
Lecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division Reading Assignments Read Chapter 18 Cell Cycle & Cell Death Read Chapter 19 Cell Division Read Chapter 20 pages 659-672 672 only (Benefits of Sex & Meiosis sections)
More informationCellular Reproduction = Cell Division. Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms
Cellular Reproduction = Cell Division Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms Genes DNA Chromatin fiber Chromosomes Fig. 9.6 Genes, the segments of DNA, are part of chromatin fiber
More informationAP Biology. Biology is the only subject in which multiplication is the same thing as division. The Cell Cycle: Cell Growth, Cell Division
QuickTime and and a TIFF TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are are needed needed to to see see this this picture. picture. Biology is the only subject in which multiplication is the same thing as division
More informationBio 10: 10.1 Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction
Bio 10: 10.1 Cell Growth, Division, and Reproduction Lesson Objectives Explain the problems that growth causes for cells. Compare asexual and sexual reproduction. Lesson Summary Limits to Cell Size There
More informationChapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction
Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction Chapter 11: Cellular Reproduction What is Cellular Reproduction? Answer: The division of a parent cell into two daughter cells Requirements of
More informationCell Growth and Division
Cell Growth and Division Growth, Development, and Reproduction Q: How does a cell produce a new cell? 10.1 Why do cells divide? WHAT I KNOW SAMPLE ANSWER: Cells divide to produce more cells. WHAT I LEARNED
More informationCell Cycle and Cell Division
Cell Cycle and Cell Division The Cell Cycle is the series of events that take place in the cell from one cell division to another. Cell Cycle includes: 1-Interphase 2-Mitosis 3-Cytokinesis Phases of the
More informationCell Division. Genetic info must be copied. Each cell gets a complete copy of that info. It occurs in two main stages:
10-2 Cell Division Key Questions: 1)What is the role of chromosomes in cell division? 2) What are the main events of the cell cycle? 3) What events occur during each of the four phases of mitosis? 4) How
More informationThe Cell Cycle and Cell Division
The Cell Cycle and Cell Division «The cell cycle is a regular pattern of growth, DNA replication, and cell division. The cell cycle has four main stages. «The main stages of the cell cycle are G1 (gap
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION. Mitotic M phase Mitosis. Chromosomes divide. Cytokinesis. Cytoplasm and cell membrane divide. Chromosomes as Packaged Genes
CELL REPRODUCTION Kimberly Lozano Biology 490 Spring 2010 CELL CYCLE Interphase G1: Growth (1) New organelles form within the cell. S: Synthesis Cell duplicates its DNA. G2: Growth (2) Cell prepares for
More informationCell Reproduction. Objectives
Cell Reproduction Lecture 10 Objectives At the end of this series of lectures you should be able to: Define terms. Describe the functions of cellular reproduction. Compare the parent offspring relationship
More informationMitosis and Meiosis for AP Biology
Mitosis and Meiosis for AP Biology by Mark Anestis Practice problems for these concepts can be found at : Cell Division Review Questions for AP Biology Mitosis During mitosis, the fourth stage of the cell
More informationMeiosis * OpenStax. This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0.
OpenStax-CNX module: m45466 1 Meiosis * OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section, you will be able to: Abstract
More informationMitosis and. Meiosis. Presented by Kesler Science
Mitosis and Meiosis Presented by Kesler Science Essential Questions: 1. What are mitosis and meiosis? 2. What occurs at different phases in cell division? 3. How are mitosis and meiosis similar and different?
More informationChapter 8 Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida
Chapter 8 The Continuity of Life: How Cells Reproduce Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 8.1 Why Do Cells Divide? Cells reproduce by cell division.
More informationHuman biology Laboratory. Cell division. Lecturer Maysam A Mezher
Human biology Laboratory Cell division Lecturer Maysam A Mezher CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE 1. During nuclear division, the DNA (as chromatin) in a Eukaryotic cell's nucleus is coiled into very tight compact
More informationDr. Mahmood S. Choudhery, PhD, Postdoc (USA) Assistant Professor Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine King Edward Medical University
CELL DIVISION Dr. Mahmood S. Choudhery, PhD, Postdoc (USA) Assistant Professor Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine King Edward Medical University Cell Division The key roles of cell division Unicellular
More informationLearning Objectives Chapter 8
Learning Objectives Chapter 8 Brief overview of prokaryotic cell replication The three main phases of eukaryotic cell division: Interphase, M phase, C phase Interphase is broken down into three sub-phases
More informationCell Division: the process of copying and dividing entire cells The cell grows, prepares for division, and then divides to form new daughter cells.
Mitosis & Meiosis SC.912.L.16.17 Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation. 1. Students will describe
More informationCELL CYCLE, MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS NOTES
CELL CYCLE, MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS NOTES DNA - Genetic information is stored in the DNA strand in the form of genes. DNA stands for deoxyribose nucleic acid Genes located on the DNA strand 2 Types of DNA
More informationCellular Reproduction
Cellular Reproduction Ratio of Surface Area to Volume As the cell grows, its volume increases much more rapidly than the surface area. The cell might have difficulty supplying nutrients and expelling enough
More informationBiology: Life on Earth
Biology: Life on Earth Eighth Edition Lecture for Chapter 11 The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction Cellular Reproduction Intracellular activity between one cell division to the next is the cell
More informationRoles of Cell Division. Reproduction - Like begets like, more or less. Examples of Cell Numbers. Outline Cell Reproduction
Outline Cell Reproduction 1. Overview of Cell Reproduction 2. Cell Reproduction in Prokaryotes 3. Cell Reproduction in Eukaryotes 1. Chromosomes 2. Cell Cycle 3. Mitosis and Cytokinesis 4. Sexual Life
More informationBiology. Chapter 10 Cell Reproduction. I. Chromosomes
Biology Chapter 10 Cell Reproduction I. Chromosomes Long thin molecules that store genetic information. A. Chromosome Structure 1. Rod shaped structure composed of DNA and protein. 2. DNA is wrapped around
More informationTypical Life Cycle of Algae and Fungi. 5 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Module 3B Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles In this module, we will examine a second type of cell division used by eukaryotic cells called meiosis. In addition, we will see how the 2 types of eukaryotic cell
More informationCell Cycle (mitosis and meiosis) Test Review
Cell Cycle (mitosis and meiosis) Test Review Name: Chapter 10 1. What problems are caused when a cell becomes too large? When a cell becomes too large the cell is strained and has a hard time moving enough
More informationHuman Biology Chapter 13.4: Meiosis and Genetic Variation
OpenStax-CNX module: m58013 1 Human Biology Chapter 13.4: Meiosis and Genetic Variation Willy Cushwa Based on Meiosis by OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons
More information2. is the period of growth and development for a cell. 3. During interphase, most cells go through three stages rapid growth and
Chapter 5 Lesson 1- General Lesson Outline Directions: Use the words below to fill in the outline of the text from lesson one. If the word is used more than once, it is followed by the number of times
More informationSexual Reproduction. The two parent cells needed for sexual reproduction are called gametes. They are formed during a process known as meiosis.
Sexual Reproduction Recall that asexual reproduction involves only one parent cell. This parent cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual reproduction,
More informationChapter 12: The Cell Cycle. 2. What is the meaning of genome? Compare your genome to that of a prokaryotic cell.
Name: AP Bio Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle 12.1 Cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells 1. What is meant by the cell cycle? 2. What is the meaning of genome? Compare your genome to that
More informationCHAPTER 12 THE CELL CYCLE. Section A: The Key Roles of Cell Division
CHAPTER 12 THE CELL CYCLE Section A: The Key Roles of Cell Division 1. Cell division functions in reproduction, growth, and repair 2. Cell division distributes identical sets of chromosomes to daughter
More informationMitosis. Meiosis MP3. Why do cells divide? Why Do Cells Need To Divide? Vocab List Chapter 10 & 11. What has to happen before a cell divides? divides?
MP3 Vocab List Chapter 10 & 11 Mitosis Anaphase Mitosis Cell Cycle Telophase Cytokinesis Cell Division Metaphase 4 Daughter Cells Prophase Meiosis Diploid Somatic Cells Interphase Haploid Parent Cell Gametes
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION NOTES
CELL REPRODUCTION NOTES CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION The adult human body produces roughly cells every day. WHY DO CELLS REPRODUCE? So that the organism can and As multicellular organisms grow larger, its
More informationCell Division. Mitosis 11/8/2016
Cell division consists of two phases, nuclear division followed by cytokinesis. Nuclear division divides the genetic material in the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm. There are two kinds
More informationE. Incorrect! At telophase II, cells are nearly completed with meiosis, with no cross-over.
OAT Biology - Problem Drill 06: Mitosis and Meiosis Question No. 1 of 10 1. During meiosis, cross-over between homologous chromosomes occurs at the end of. Question #01 (A) Anaphase II (B) Metaphase I
More informationGENERAL SAFETY: Follow your teacher s directions. Do not work in the laboratory without your teacher s supervision.
Name: Bio AP Lab: Cell Division B: Mitosis & Meiosis (Modified from AP Biology Investigative Labs) BACKGROUND: One of the characteristics of living things is the ability to replicate and pass on genetic
More informationLecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division
Lecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division Reading Assignments Read Chapter 18 Cell Cycle & Cell Division Read Chapter 19 pages 651-663 663 only (Benefits of Sex & Meiosis sections these are in Chapter
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION VOCABULARY- CHAPTER 8 (33 words)
CELL REPRODUCTION- CHAPTER 8 CELL REPRODUCTION VOCABULARY- CHAPTER 8 (33 words) 1. Chromosome 2. histone 3. chromatid 4. Centromere 5. chromatin 6. autosome 7. Sex chromosome 8. homologous chromosome 9.
More informationWhy mitosis?
Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotes. Prokaryotes (i.e., archaea and bacteria) divide via binary fission. Mitosis is the process by which the somatic cells of all multicellular organisms multiply. Somatic
More informationUnit 2: Characteristics of Living Things Lesson 25: Mitosis
Name Unit 2: Characteristics of Living Things Lesson 25: Mitosis Objective: Students will be able to explain the phases of Mitosis. Date Essential Questions: 1. What are the phases of the eukaryotic cell
More informationThe Cell Cycles Mitosis and Meiosis. Essential question: How do cells reproduce and why?
The Cell Cycles Mitosis and Meiosis Essential question: How do cells reproduce and why? Objectives Section 10.1 Explain why cells divide in terms of growth and cell size Review - Types of Cell Division
More informationChapter 6: Cell Growth and Reproduction Lesson 6.1: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis
Chapter 6: Cell Growth and Reproduction Lesson 6.1: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis No matter the type of cell, all cells come from preexisting cells through the process of cell division. The cell may be the
More informationCELL DIVISION IN EUKARYOTES. Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 11 Illustrations 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
CELL DIVISION IN EUKARYOTES Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 11 Illustrations 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. PURPOSE: Reproduction of new cells from previously existing cells 2 of Genetically Identical
More informationChapter 12: The Cell Cycle
Name Period Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle Overview: 1. What are the three key roles of cell division? State each role, and give an example. Key Role Example 2. What is meant by the cell cycle? Concept 12.1
More informationEssential Knowledge: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis OR
Essential Knowledge: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis OR meiosis plus fertilization Objective: You will be able
More informationCell division / Asexual reproduction
Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produces cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA same number of chromosomes same genetic information Asexual
More informationACCELERATE ITS BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES WHICH WERE SLOWED DOWN BY MITOSIS. THE LENGTH OF THE G1 PHASE CREATES THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FAST DIVIDING
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE CELL CYCLE THE THREE STAGES OF INTERPHASE: INTERPHASE BEFORE A CELL CAN ENTER CELL DIVISION, IT NEEDS TO PREPARE ITSELF BY REPLICATING ITS GENETIC INFORMATION AND ALL OF THE
More informationCELL CYCLE. How Cells Divide
CELL CYCLE How Cells Divide Catalyst: Describe what happened after the last time you scraped or cut yourself? How did your wound heal itself? Cell Cycle Notes 12/2/16 Reflection: 26L 26R Cell cycle
More informationMEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU
MEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU Meiosis is a special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes such as animals, plants and fungi The number of sets of chromosomes
More informationMeiosis produces haploid gametes.
Section 1: produces haploid gametes. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions How does the reduction in chromosome number occur during meiosis? What are the stages of
More informationName 8 Cell Cycle and Meiosis Test Date Study Guide You must know: The structure of the replicated chromosome. The stages of mitosis.
Name 8 Cell Cycle and Meiosis Test Date Study Guide You must know: The structure of the replicated chromosome. The stages of mitosis. The role of kinases and cyclin in the regulation of the cell cycle.
More informationcycle & cell the division
the cycle & celldivision the cell cycle Most cells in an organism go through a cycle of growth, development, and division called the cell cycle. The cell cycle makes it possible for organisms to grow and
More informationChapter 2: Chromosomes and cellular reproduction
Chapter 2: Chromosomes and cellular reproduction I. Contrast between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. See Figure 2.1 Nucleus absent Small diameter 1 to 10 µm Genome usually 1 circular molecule Small genome;
More informationIntroduction: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis
Contents 1 Introduction: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis 2 Mitosis Review Introduction: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis The cell cycle refers to the a series of events that describe the metabolic processes of growth
More informationChapter 9 Active Reading Guide The Cell Cycle
Name: AP Biology Mr. Croft Chapter 9 Active Reading Guide The Cell Cycle 1. Give an example of the three key roles of cell division. Key Role Reproduction Example Growth and Development Tissue Renewal
More informationUnit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle
Name Date Class Mrs. Knight Biology EHS Unit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle 1. What are the four main stages of the cell cycle (correct order)? A. G 1, S, G 0, M C. G 2, S, G 1, M B. G 1, S, G 2, M D. M, G 2,
More informationMitosis & Meiosis. PPT Questions. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete copy of the original cell s DNA?
1. From where do new cells arise? Mitosis & Meiosis PPT Questions 2. Why does the body constantly make new cells? 3. Is cell division the same in all cells? Explain. 4. Why must each new cell get a complete
More informationChapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Chapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual S Section 1: S Gamete: Haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote. S Zygote: The cell that results from the fusion of gametes
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Variations on a Theme Living
More informationPurposes of Cell Division
Purposes of Cell Division Increase the number of cells for growth and repair of worn out tissues What examples in the human body can you think of? Transmit genetic information to later generations Why
More informationName: Date: Period: Cell Cycles and DNA Study Guide
Name: Date: Period: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the chemical inside the nucleus of cells that contains hereditary information. DNA is shaped like a double helix/twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder
More informationLearning Objectives LO 3.7 The student can make predictions about natural phenomena occurring during the cell cycle. [See SP 6.4]
Big Ideas 3.A.2: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis or meiosis plus fertilization. CHAPTER 13 MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from
More informationDescribe the process of cell division in prokaryotic cells. The Cell Cycle
The Cell Cycle Objective # 1 In this topic we will examine the cell cycle, the series of changes that a cell goes through from one division to the next. We will pay particular attention to how the genetic
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS URRY CAIN WASSERMAN MINORSKY REECE 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge, Simon Fraser University SECOND EDITION
More informationWhy do we have to cut our hair, nails, and lawn all the time?
Chapter 5 Cell Reproduction Mitosis Think about this Why do we have to cut our hair, nails, and lawn all the time? EQ: Why is cell division necessary for the growth & development of living organisms? Section
More informationChapter 5: Mitosis is the Basis of Asexual Reproduction
Chapter 5: Mitosis is the Basis of Asexual Reproduction Section 5.1: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis Living things must be able to reproduce. For unicellular organisms, cell reproduction is necessary to maintain
More informationCELL DIVISION: MEIOSIS
CELL DIVISION: MEIOSIS How do Organisms Reproduce? Option 1: Asexual Reproduction Can be done by a single organism without the involvement of gametes (sperm or egg) Offspring are clones of the parent,
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Chapter 9
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 9 9.1 Genes and Alleles Genes Sequences of DNA that encode heritable traits Alleles Slightly different forms of the same gene Each specifies a different version
More informationCell cycle, mitosis & meiosis. Chapter 6
Cell cycle, mitosis & meiosis Chapter 6 Why do cells divide? Asexual reproduction Growth Replacement / repair Cell division: The big picture Two steps Before cells can divide, DNA needs to replicate DNA
More informationHonors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis
Honors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis 1. In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? a. 64 b. 32 c. 16 d. 8 e. 4 2. Chromatids that are
More informationChapter 8. The Continuity of Life: How Cells Reproduce. Gregory Ahearn. Lectures by. Ammended by John Crocker. University of North Florida
Chapter 8 The Continuity of Life: How Cells Reproduce Lectures by Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida Ammended by John Crocker Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Review Questions for Chapters
More information