BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

Transcription

1 BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions 1. Refer to Figure 1.1 or Figure 1.2 and answer the following: A. Name the heavy bottom part labeled A. B. Name the circular part indicated by the arrow B. C. Name the part indicated by the arrow C (It may be located on the back of the microscope). D. Name the part indicated by the arrow D. E. Name the black rectangle part labeled E. F. Name the moveable metal parts indicated by the arrow F. G. Name the circular parts indicated by the arrow G. H. Name the circular part indicated by the arrow H. I. Name the flat tab-like part indicated by the arrow I. J. Name the circular part indicated by the arrow J. K. Name the larger circular part labeled K. L. Name the smaller circular part labeled L. M. Name the part labeled M. N. Name the part labeled N. O. Name the tubular part labeled O. P. Name the part indicated by the arrow P. Q. Name the tubular part labeled Q. 2. For each of the following parts of the microscope, state the function. A. Base B. Substage light C. Power/light switch D. Light voltage control dial/knob E. Stage (mechanical clamp style) F. Mechanical stage slide clamp G. Mechanical stage control knobs H. Condenser I. Iris diaphragm lever J. Condenser height adjustment knob K. Course focus adjustment knob L. Fine focus adjustment knob M. Head N. Arm O. Ocular lens P. Nosepiece Q. Objective lens Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 1 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

2 3. Answer the following questions about the microscope. A. When transporting the microscope, how should you hold it? B. When beginning work with the microscope or before adding or removing a slide from the stage, which objective should be in place and why? C. What two ocular adjustments should you make to the microscope to insure that it is best set for your eyes? D. The light intensity can be adjusted two ways. Name the parts or explain the two methods to adjust the light. E. Of the three objective lenses we use on the microscope which one, the scanning, the low power, or the high power, has the smallest working distance? F. Assume you place a slide of three threads stacked on top of each other on the stage and bring the stage all the way up. As you turn the focus adjustments and the stage descends with the slide moving down and away from the objective lens (the working distance is increasing), which thread in the stack will be the first to come into focus: the one on the top, the one in the middle, or the one on the bottom of the stack? G. Define what it means that the microscope is parfocal. 4. Answer the following questions about microscopic total magnification, field diameters and metric conversions. A. What is the magnification of the ocular lenses by themselves? B. What is the total magnification when looking at a specimen with the 4x objective lens in place? C. What is the total magnification when looking at a specimen with the 10x objective lens in place? D. What is the total magnification when looking at a specimen with the 40x objective lens in place? E. If the field diameter of your 40x objective lens is measured to be 0.455mm, what is the field diameter of the 4x objective lens in mm? F. If the field diameter of the 10x objective lens is 1.79 mm, what is this distance in µm? 5. Refer to Figure 5 and answer the following questions about microscopic measurements. A. Calculate the width in mm of the red cross-shaped thing in the panel labeled A. Assume the field diameter to be 4.65 mm. B. Calculate the length in µm of the long purple thing from tip to tip of the long extensions on each end in the panel labeled B. Assume the field diameter to be 1.86 mm. C. Calculate the width in µm of the larger of the blue things in the panel labeled C. Assume the field diameter to be mm. D. Calculate the width in µm of the tiny pink dots in the panel labeled D. Assume the field diameter to be 465 µm. Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 2 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

3 6. Refer to Figure 6 and give the anatomical term for the body landmark on the anterior as labeled: A. front below ribs above waist B. shoulder C. forearm D. elbow pit E. armpit F. arm G. cheek H. wrist I. head J. neck K. hip L. shin M. fingers or toes N. thigh O. lateral side of leg P. forehead Q. big toe R. leg-pit S. breast T. hand U. chin V. nose W. mouth X. eye socket Y. ear Z. palm AA. kneecap BB. foot CC. pelvis DD. thumb EE. genitals FF. breastbone GG. ankle HH. chest II. belly button Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 3 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

4 7. Refer to Figure 7 and give the anatomical term for the body landmark on the posterior as labeled: A. shoulder B. forearm C. armpit D. arm E. heel F. wrist G. head H. neck I. hip J. fingers or toes K. back L. thigh M. buttocks N. lower back O. hand P. back of skull Q. point of elbow R. ear S. foot T. between anus and genitalia U. sole V. thumb W. knee pit X. base of spine Y. shoulder blade Z. calf AA. ankle BB. chest CC. spine Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 4 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

5 8. Complete each of the statements using the proper body orientation or directional term: A. The head is located to the chest. B. The navel is located to the chest. C. The breasts are located to the spine. D. The buttocks are located to the genitalia. E. The nose is located to the ear. F. The shoulder is located to the neck. G. The occipital region of the skull is located to the sacral region of the spine. H. The coccyx (tail bone) is located to the cervical region of the spine. I. The spine is located on the surface. J. The belly is located on the surface. K. The knee is to the ankle. L. The fingers are to the elbow. M. The skin is located to the muscles. N. The visceral organs are located to the skin. 9. Refer to Figure 9 and name the plane of section indicated: A. longitudinal axis, left and right parts B. longitudinal axis, anterior and posterior parts C. cross section, superior and inferior parts 10. Refer to Figure 10 and name the indicated body cavity: A. B. C. contains both A and B D. E. F. contains both D and E G. H. I. the membranous sac indicated by the pink lines inside G J. contains G, H, and I K. contains both F and J 11. Refer to Figure 11 and name the serous membranes indicated: A. In general, the layer that covers the organ B. In general, the layer that lines the cavity C. The specific membrane of this organ and cavity D. The specific membrane of this organ and cavity E. The specific membrane that creates this cavity Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 5 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

6 12. Answer the following questions about the language of anatomy: A. When a body is in anatomical position, how are the hands oriented? B. Give the term that means relating to the head, neck and trunk of the body. C. Give the term that means relating to the limbs and their attachments to the axis. 13. Refer to Figure 13 and the descriptions and name the indicated cell parts: A. the yellow tubes B. loose form of DNA in the nucleus C. material contained inside the plasma membrane D. the fluid part of C E. the pink membranes F. sac containing digestive enzymes G. the orange ovals H. the white skin I. the holes in the white skin J. spherical dense spot K. whole round structure at center of cell L. collectively A, E, F, G, M, O, P, Q, R M. sac containing oxidase N. the green skin around the whole cell O. tiny white dots P. green membrane covered in white dots Q. blue membrane with no dots Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 6 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

7 14. Refer to Figure 14 and the descriptions and name the indicated cell parts: A. direct the formation of the mitotic spindle B. loose form of DNA in the nucleus C. condensed form of DNA for cell division D. cell extensions that beat rhythmically to move materials across the cell surface E. internal scaffolding of filamentous proteins to provide support F. very long cell extension that moves in a wave-like motion to propel the cell G. stack of flattened sacs of membranes that packages proteins for secretion, for lysosomes, or for incorporation into the membrane H. sacs of digestive enzymes to recycle old organelles and things that are endocytosed, pinocytosed, or phagocytosed I. folds of membrane to increase surface area J. oxides food molecules to produce ATP K. double membrane that encloses the nucleus L. protein complexes that allow passage of molecules into/out of the nucleus M. sites of rrna/ribosome synthesis N. large spherical structure that houses the DNA O. sacs of oxidases to neutralize free radicals P. the skin around the cell, composed of a phospholipid bilayer Q. tiny organelles composed of rrna and protein, site of protein synthesis R. membranes covered in ribosomes, function to produce proteins that will be sent to the Golgi S. transport proteins from the Golgi to be exocytosed T. membrane tubes and sacs that function in lipid synthesis Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 7 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

8 15. Define each of the following cell parts: A. centrioles/centrosome B. chromatin C. chromosomes D. cilia E. cytoplasm F. cytoskeleton G. cytosol H. flagella I. Golgi apparatus J. lysosomes K. microvilli L. mitochondria M. nuclear envelope N. nuclear pores O. nucleolus P. nucleus Q. organelles R. peroxisomes S. plasma membrane T. ribosomes U. rough endoplasmic reticulum V. secretory vesicles W. smooth endoplasmic reticulum 16. Refer to Figure 16 and answer the following questions: A. Name the specific stage of the cell cycle demonstrated by the cell model labeled A. B. Name the specific stage of the cell cycle demonstrated by the cell models labeled B. C. Name the specific stage of the cell cycle demonstrated by the cell model labeled C. D. Name the specific stage of the cell cycle demonstrated by the cell models labeled D. E. Name the specific stage of the cell cycle demonstrated by the cell models labeled E and F. F. Name the specific event in the cell cycle demonstrated by the cell model labeled F. G. Name the stage of the cell cycle that is demonstrated collectively by the cell models labeled B through F. Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 8 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

9 17. Refer to Figure 17 and answer the following questions: A. Name the thread-like form of this material labeled A. B. Name the compact X-shaped form of this material labeled B. C. Name the two bar-shaped pieces that are held together by the parts labeled D to form the thing labeled B. D. Name these structures that join the parts labeled C to form the thing labeled B. E. Name the tubular structures labeled E. F. Name the long filamentous structures labeled F. 18. Refer to Figure 18 and name the indicated cell parts: A. the pink line labeled A B. the pink circle labeled B C. the pink line labeled C D. the dotted line labeled D E. the pink lines labeled E F. the dark purple thing labeled F 19. Refer to Figure 19 and indicate the correct order of events for Mitosis using the letters assigned to each photo of the models. 20. Refer to Figure 20 and answer the following questions: A. What active process is being depicted in this figure? B. Name the cell extensions labeled B. 21. In the diffusion of dye through an agar gel experiment, methylene blue (molecular weight 320) was placed in one well and potassium permanganate (molecular weight 158) was placed in the other (see Figure 21). After an hour, the methylene blue had traveled 3 mm and the potassium permanganate had traveled 18 mm. A. Which dye diffused more rapidly in the gel? B. What is the relationship between molecular weight and the rate of molecular diffusion? C. Why did the dye molecules move? D. Compute the rate of diffusion for the methylene blue in mm/min in the gel. E. Compute the rate of diffusion for the potassium permanganate in mm/min in the gel. Potassium permanganate was also placed in a dish of water and allowed to diffuse (see Figure 21). After 5 minutes it had traveled 12 mm. F. Compute the rate of diffusion for the potassium permanganate in mm/min in the water. G. Does the potassium permanganate dye diffuse more rapidly through water or the gel? H. Explain your answer to G. Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 9 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

10 22. In the experiment investigating diffusion and osmosis through nonliving membranes (see Figure 22), dialysis sacs were filled with solutions, weighed and placed in beakers. Sac 1 contained a 40% glucose solution and was placed in a beaker of distilled water. Sac 2 contained a 40% glucose solution and was placed in a beaker containing a 40% glucose solution. Sac 3 contained a 10% NaCl solution and was placed in a beaker containing distilled water. Sac 4 contained a solution of 40% sucrose and Congo red dye and was placed in a beaker containing distilled water. After an hour, the sacs were weighed again, and some of the solutions were tested with either Benedict s solution or silver nitrate. A. What is the purpose of Benedict s reagent in this experiment? B. What is the purpose of silver nitrate in this experiment? C. What cellular structure does the dialysis tube represent in this experiment? D. Which sacs are predicted to have gained weight after an hour? E. Why would the sacs gain weight? F. After an hour, beaker 1 was found to contain glucose. Why? G. After an hour, beaker 3 was found to contain NaCl. Why? H. After an hour there was no evidence of Congo red dye in beaker 4. Why? I. After an hour, Sac 4 was found to have gained more weight than any of the other sacs. Why was this so? J. What was expected to happen with Sac 2 with regard to weight change? 23. In the osmometer experiment (see Figure 23), the dialysis sac attached to the thistle tube contained a 40% corn syrup with food dye solution and was immersed in a beaker of distilled water. Over time, the meniscus in the tube moved up steadily as the amount of fluid in the tube was increasing. A. Why was the meniscus rising? B. What would you predict would happen if the osmometer were immersed in beaker containing a solution of 60% corn syrup and food dye instead of the distilled water? Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 10 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

11 24. Refer to Figure 24 and answer the following questions: A. Which panel (X, Y, or Z) is demonstrating the sheep red blood cell in isotonic saline? B. Which panel (X, Y, or Z) is demonstrating the sheep red blood cell in a hypertonic solution? C. Which panel (X, Y, or Z) is demonstrating the sheep red blood cell in a hypotonic solution? D. If a human or animal cell is placed in a solution that causes the water to leave the cell by osmosis, the cell shrivels up. Give the term for this shriveling. E. If a human or animal cell is placed in a solution that causes water to move into the cell by osmosis, the cell will swell up and then can burst. Give the term for the bursting. 25. In the fermentation experiment to investigate cellular production of ATP, yeast was incubated in solutions containing various ingredients to assess how different conditions would affect the enzymatic reactions to convert glucose into carbon dioxide and ethanol. Refer to Figure 25 and answer the following questions: A. Assume the respirometer labeled X represents the starting size of the bubble and the respirometer labeled Z represents the final size of the bubble 90 minutes later. Calculate the rate of CO 2 production in ml/hr. B. Based on the contents and incubation temperature of the tubes, which tube would you expect to have a greater reaction rate, tube 3 or tube 4? Why? C. Based on the contents and incubation temperature of the tubes do you expect tube 6 to produce as much CO 2 as tube 3? Why or why not? D. Based on the contents and incubation temperature of the tubes why would you predict tube 1 to show little to no reaction occurring? E. Based on the contents and incubation temperature of the tubes would you expect the reaction rate to be faster in tube 2 or tube 3? Why? F. How do you expect an acidic environment, like the one in tube 5, to impact enzyme activity and thus the reaction rate? 26. Refer to Figure 26 and name the specific tissue type. 27. Refer to Figure 27 and name the specific tissue type. 28. Refer to Figure 28 and name the specific tissue type. 29. Refer to Figure 29 and name the specific tissue type. 30. Refer to Figure 30 and name the specific tissue type. Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 11 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

12 31. Refer to Figure 31 and name the specific tissue type. 32. Refer to Figure 32 and name the specific tissue type. 33. Refer to Figure 33 and name the specific tissue type. 34. Refer to Figure 34 and name the specific tissue type. 35. Refer to Figure 35 and name the specific tissue type. 36. Refer to Figure 36 and name the specific tissue type. 37. Refer to Figure 37 and name the specific tissue type. 38. Refer to Figure 38 and name the specific tissue type. 39. Refer to Figure 39 and name the specific tissue type. 40. Refer to Figure 40 and name the specific tissue type. 41. Refer to Figure 41 and name the specific tissue type. 42. Refer to Figure 42 and name the specific tissue type. 43. Refer to Figure 43 and name the specific tissue type. 44. Refer to Figure 44 and name the specific tissue type. 45. Refer to Figure 45 and name the specific tissue type. 46. Refer to Figure 46 and name the specific tissue type. 47. Refer to Figure 47 and name the specific tissue type. Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 12 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

13 48. Refer to Figure 48 and name the following features of the integument: A. Name the whole tan layer labeled A. B. Name the whole pink layer labeled B. C. Name the bump labeled C. D. Name the bump labeled D. E. Name the pink thing labeled E. F. Name the coiled tube thing labeled F. G. Name the whole big structure labeled G. H. Name the bumpy looking thing labeled H. I. Name the onion looking thing labeled I. J. Name the small yellow thing indicated by the arrow J. K. Name the dark bump indicated by the arrow K. L. Name the embedded part of the elongated structure labeled L. M. Name the free end of the elongated structure labeled M. 49. Refer to Figure 49 and answer the following: A. Name the specific layer labeled A. B. Name the specific layer labeled B. C. Name the specific layer labeled C. D. Name the specific layer labeled D. E. Name the specific cell labeled E. F. Name the specific cell labeled F. G. Name the specific cell labeled G. H. Name the specific cell labeled H. I. Name the specific layer labeled I. J. Name the specific layer labeled J. K. Name the specific layer labeled K. L. Name the specific layer labeled L. M. Name the specific layer labeled M. N. Name the specific layer labeled N. O. Name the nipple shaped structure labeled O. P. Name the whole structure in the box labeled P. Q. Name the single layer of cells labeled Q. Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 13 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

14 50. Refer to Figure 50 and answer the following: A. Name the specific layer labeled A. B. Name the specific layer labeled B. C. Name the specific layer labeled C. D. Name the specific layer labeled D. E. Name the specific layer labeled E. F. Name the specific layer labeled F. G. Name the specific layer labeled G. H. Name the round thing labeled H. I. Name the round thing labeled I. J. Name the tube like thing labeled J. K. Name the sac like thing labeled K. L. Name the red thing labeled L. M. Name the wide bottom part labeled M. N. Name the whole structure labeled N. 51. Refer to Figure 51 and name the following parts: A. the nipple shaped thing B. the single layer of cells C. the center D. the layer around the center E. the thin title-like layer over layer D (visible as the outer brown covering where the J is) F. the layer under H G. the layer outside E but under F H. the outer layer I. the portion of the brown thing that is imbedded J. the portion of the brown thing that sticks out K. the wide bottom portion of L L. the whole tubular thing M. the sac like structure N. the red thing O. the big oval shaped thing P. the small oval shaped thing 52. Refer to Figure 52 and name the indicated parts of the finger nail: A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 14 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

15 53. Refer to Figure 53 and answer the following: A. Which panel, the one on the left or the one on the right, is a picture of skin that could have hair? B. Which panel, the one on the left or the one on the right, is a picture of skin that could have fingerprints? C. Which panel, the one on the left or the one on the right, is a picture of skin that could have sebaceous glands? D. Which panel, the one on the left or the one on the right, is a picture of skin that has five layers in the epidermis? 54. Refer to Figure 54 and answer the following questions: A. Name the specific layer labeled A. B. Name the specific layer labeled B. C. Name the specific layer labeled C. D. Name the specific layer labeled D. E. Name the specific layer labeled E. F. Name the whole bump labeled F. G. Name the whole bump labeled G. H. Name the specific layer labeled H. I. Name the specific layer labeled I. J. Name the whole layer that consists of A-F. K. Name the whole layer that consists of G-I. 55. Refer to Figure 55 and answer the following: A. Name the specific layer labeled A. B. Name the specific layer labeled B. C. Name the specific layer labeled C. D. Name the specific layer labeled D. E. Name the specific layer labeled E. F. Name the whole layer that consists of A-D. 56. Refer to Figure 56 and answer the following: A. Name the whole long tubular structure in the center of the photo. B. Name the end of this tubular structure in the circle labeled B. C. Name the structure labeled C. D. Name the single layer of cells labeled D. E. Name the middle portion labeled E. F. Name the outer portion labeled F. G. Name the thin tile-like covering layer labeled with the arrow G. H. Name the layer labeled H. I. Name the layer labeled I. J. Name the outer layer labeled with the arrow J. Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 15 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions

16 57. Refer to Figure 57 and answer the following: A. Name the round structures labeled with the letter A. B. Name the structures labeled with the letter B. C. Name the structure labeled with the letter C. D. Name the bump labeled with the arrow D. E. Name the bump labeled with the arrow E. F. Name the whole layer labeled with the letter F. G. Name the whole layer labeled with the letter G. 58. Refer to Figure 58 and name the indicated gland. A. B. 59. Refer to Figure 59 and answer the following: A. Name the center-most layer of keratinized cells making up a hair, labeled A. B. Name the second layer of keratinized cells making up a hair, labeled B. C. Name the outer-most layer of keratinized cells making up a hair, the scale-like layer labeled C. D. Name the inner layer of epithelial cells making of the wall of the hair follicle. It comes in contact with the hair and is labeled D. E. Name the outer layer of epithelial cells making up the wall of the hair follicle, labeled E. F. Name the thick basement membrane that surrounds the hair follicle, labeled F. 60. Refer to Figure 60 and name the indicated type of fingerprint dermography pattern. A. a B. b C. c D. d E. e F. f Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. 16 SCCC BIO130 Lab Practice Exam 1 Questions