: g (2001) : T G334; TH 133 : A. B laha. gencke [ 1 ] ,,,,,,,

Transcription

1 : g (2001) :, : ; ; ; : T G334; TH 133 : A,, ( ),,,,, 1,, 1955, B laha L an2 gencke [ 1 ] [ 2 4, ],, : : (971037),, :, 1982: 62 63, [ 4 ] Ho lm R. E lectrical Contactṡ N ew Yo rk: Sp ringer, 1967: [ 5 ] A.,W. A... :, 1993: [6 ]., 1970, 62: [ 6 ], - - ( ), - - : [1 ],., 1993, 8: 41 43, B laha, :,, 1964 ( ) 6, 30,, 1964 ( ) [2 ],., 1997, 28 (2): ,, 1962,, 1935 [ 3 ].. 594

2 B laha 1g3 1g2, [ 2, 5, 6 ],, 1g3 1g2,, 1g2, 1g3,, [ 10,, ] : (15, 80kH z) ( 500 ), 3 [ 3, 7 9 ] 20 80,, [1 ], H z,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : ,,, 2 10, 10% 40%, 30% 50%,,,, 2 ( ),,,, ( 4 ) ( ) ;, (, ) ( 30Λm ),, 50%,,, 595

3 ,,,,,,,,, :, 20% 30%, ;, 20% 30%, ;, ; 50%,,,, ;,,, [ 12 ],,,,, [ 13, 14 ] D aw son [ 6 ],,, 5,,, [ 15, 16 ] :,, B laha L angenecker [ 1 ] ;,,,,,,, D aw son [ 6 ],,, (vo lum e effect) (su rface ef2 6 fect),,, ,, 596

4 , :, [1 ] B laha F,L angenecker B, E longation of Zinc M ono2 crystals U nder U ltrasonic A ction, D ie N atur W is2 sen schafen, 1955, 42 (20), 556 [2 ] Siegert K,M ock A. W ire D raw ing w ith U ltrasoni2, cally O scillation D ieṡ M aterials P rocessing T ech2 no logy, 1996, 60, ,,, [ 3 ] M arop is N, U ltrasonic Energy A pp lied to M etal, D raw ing. Part IgIIgIII, W ire indu stry, 1991, 58 (5), g1991, 58 (6), g1991, 58, (7), , [ 4 ] L iansh i L, X iaop ing L. W ire D raw ing w ith U ltra2 sonic V ibration. W ire Industry, 1994, 61 (1): 31 39, [5 ] H ansen N, T reis H, M etallum fo rm ung U nter A n2, w endung V on Schw ingungen, Bander B leche Ro2 ; her, 1968, 9 (10), [ 6 ] D aw son G R,W insper C E, Sansom e D H. A pp lica2, tion of H igh - and low - frequency O scillation s to ; the P lastic D efo rm ation of M etal, M etal Fo rm ing, 1970, 8, g1970, 9, ; [ 7 ] A tanasiu N. M etal Fo rm ing in the U ltrasonic F ield. A dvanced T echno logy of P lasticity, 1984 (2): 799 ;, 804 [8 ],., 1995, 3 (30), 39 44,, [ 9 ].., 1980, 8 (1), 34 41, [ 10 ]..,, 1988 (8): 8 9, [11 ]. : [ ]. B laha, :, 1994., [ 12 ]., : [ ]. :, 1999., [13 ] O skar Paw elsk i.., 1987 (10): 66 70,, [14 ],,.,., 1995 (4): 8 13, [ 15 ] Petruzelka J, Sarm an J. T he effect of ultrasound, on tube draw ing. Journal of M aterials P rocessing T ech., 1996, 60: [16 ].. M etal Fo rm ing T echno l., 1994, 3 (12): ,,, ( ) :,, 1969 ( ) 30,, 1973,,

5 CH INA M ECHAN ICAL EN G IN EER IN G V o l. 12,N o. 5, 2001 the results p ropo sed above, the adap tive and robust con2 tro l schem es of coo rdinated mo tion fo r bo th the base atti2 tude and itsarm s jo in ts to trace the desired trajecto ry w ere developed. A tw o - link p lanar space m anipulato r system s w as sim ulated to verify the p ropo sed tw o contro l schem e. Key words: space m anipulato r system s augm enta2 tion app roach adap tive contro l robust contro l GE A nlin (J ilin U niversity, Changchun, Ch ina) J IN H ui ZHAN G Hongkun FAN Juxin Y IN H uabing p Abstract: Intelligent sh ift is a develop ing trend of the au tom ob ile au tom atic tran sm ission. A fter analyzing the driver2veh icle2environm en t clo sed- loop system, the rela2 tion sh ip betw een driving style, driving in ten tion, driving environm ent and driver operating characteristics, au tom o2 b ile state param eters is studied. Fu rtherm o re, an au to2 mobile intelligent sh ift arch itecture based on driver oper2 ating reason ing is p ropo sed. T he experim en ts show the po int of view is reasonable. Key w o rds: intelligent sh ift strategy driving style driving intention driving environm en t Theoretical M odeling of Steady State Tire Cam ber Properties GU O Konghu i (J ilin U n iversity, Changchun, Ch ina) LU D ang p Abstract: In th is paper, based on the m echan ism of tire cam ber modeling, the steady state exp ressions of tire cam ber p roperty fo r the side fo rce, self - align ing m o2 m ent, longitudinal resistance fo rce and overturning mo2 m ent are derived. T he m atch ing betw een cam ber and toe angle of front w heel is also analyzed and the rational ex2 p lanation of side fo rce of radial tire being less than that of bias tire is p resented by introducing a concep t of the effec2 tive cam beṙ Key words: tire cam ber steady effective cam ber Inf luence of Curren td en sity on the Con tactd rop of Carbon F iber- Copper- Graph ite Com posite FEN G Y i (H efei U niversity of T echno logy, H efei, Ch ina) TAO N ing WAN G W enfang WAN G Chengfu p Abstract: U nder different current density (from 4A g cm 2 to 16A gcm 2 ) conditions, the influence of current den2 sity on the con tact drop of CF - Cu - G com po site are studied. T he resu lts are as fo llow s: the lub rication film betw een brush and comm utato r m akes the contact drop steady and imp roves comm utation ability of brush, the to2 tal con tact drop per b ru sh pair doesn t increase linearly w ith the increase of current density o r the to tal contact drop per brush pair doesn t vary w ith the current density th roughout the current density range from 8A gcm 2 to 16A gcm 2. Key words: carbon fiber - copper - graph ite 2 com po site electrical w ear cu rren t den sity b ru sh con tact drop On Utilization of V ibration in M etal D eformation Processes HAN Q ingkai ( N o rtheast U niversity, Shenyang, Ch ina) HAO J ianshan W EN Bangchun p Abstract: In th is paper, a syn thetical review is draw n based on the theo retical and experim ental results of the u2 tilization of vibration in the m etal defo rm ation p rocesseṡ Experim en tal conclu sion s and their indu strial app lication are emphasized fo r vibration w iredraw ing, vibration cut2 Study on Autom obile In telligen t Sh if t Arch itecture ting, vib ration clipp ing and vib ration ro lling etc.. T he m echanism of m etal vibrating p rocess is also discussed. Som e imperative research task s are p ropo sed in o rder to ach ieve mo re industrial utilization of vibration in m etal defo rm ation p rocesseṡ Key words: m etal defo rm ation p rocess vib ration utilization experim ental research m echan ism dis2 cu ssion Effect of M n on Austen ite Cool ing Tran sforma tion of H igh Cr Cast Iron DUAN H anqiao (H uazhong U ni2 versity of Science & T echno logy, W uhan, Ch ina) p Abstract: Effect of M anganese on au sten ite coo ling tran sfo rm ation of h igh Ch rom ium cast iron is investigat2 ed. T he results show that: M anganese increases the equi2 lib rium con ten t of Carbon and o ther alloy elem en ts at au sten itizing tem peratu re, so greatly enhances au sten itic stab ility; du ring quench ing tran sfo rm ation, M anganese increases the hardenab ility of the alloy, im p rove quench2 ing hardness of large size castings, bu t raise retained austenitic content also; D uring annealing transfo rm ation, M anganese m akes annealing p rocess difficu lt, and in2 creases the annealing hardness; M anganese is very effec2 tive fo r enhancing the hardenab ility of h igh Ch rom ium cast iron, but its content should be m atched w ith the size of castingṡ Key words: h igh Ch rom ium cast iron heat treat2 m ent; M anganese m icro structure and p roperty Analysis of Quality L evel on Comm erc ial Product J IN G B ingbin (T ianjin U niversity, T ianjin, Ch ina ) Q I E rsh i p Abstract: Q uality is clo sely connected w ith co st, so the p roper quality level either is satisfied w ith custom ers o r creates better econom ic benefits fo r enterp rise. T h is paper describes the essen tials of quality of the comm ercial p roduct, defines the quality level to be as the adap tation degree of quality specification and requ irem en t of en ter2 p rises and custom ers acco rding to analysis of the cognition and requirem ent of enterp rises and custom ers on quality. In o rder to overcom e the unreasoning quality requirem ent in the p roduction design, a m ethod to analysis of op tim al quality level on comm ercial p roduct is also estab lished based on such p rocedu re as quality distinction. F inally, the m ethod is confirm ed th rough the examp le of A utomo2 b ile cleaneṙ Key words: comm ercial p roduct quality grade quality level automobile cleaner XL