Investigating the practical relationship between GIS and BIM; then relating that to a 3D cadastre. J. Gabriel van Wyk, Johan Nel

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1 Investigating the practical relationship between GIS and BIM; then relating that to a 3D cadastre. J. Gabriel van Wyk, Johan Nel

2 Overview So exactly what is BIM? Available BIM offerings in the market Traditional CAD / GIS How does BIM relate to CAD How does BIM relate to GIS Does it replace them xxx What does it do for spatial practitioners? 3D scanners -> BIM & GIS 3D Photography Should BIM tools also become a standard part of the repertoire of tools used by the Spatial Practitioners? Finally can we leverage a combination of these tools to deliver a better service and understanding of 3D cadastres? BIM better for 3D cadastre

3 BIM a definition the Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. A building information model is a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle; defined as existing from earliest conception to demolition. The National Building Information Model Standard Project Committee These are the people who develop the standards for BIM

4 Standards for BIM-Geospatial integration Several standardization initiatives are ongoing ISO BIM-GIS Ad Hoc Group OGC-buildingSMART alliance partnership InfraBIM project to extend Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) for infrastructure Roads / Railways / Bridges / Tunnels / Dams There is a joint project to develop conceptual schema of alignments of InfraGML and IFC There is also an initiative to generate CityGML and IndoorGML from IFC. The V-Con project is designed to enable Dutch and Swedish traffic authorities to use BIM for the whole life cycle of roads and railways.

5 Building Information Management (BIM) Planning Renovation Conceptual Design Operation & Maintenance Reporting & Documentation Detailed Design Construction Logistics & Fabrication Analysis

6 Some History Autodesk Alliance Formation changed invites of STEP USA its (Standards name industry to the for players International the Exchange to discuss Alliance of integration Product for Model Interoperability classes Data) to improve Effort Early Formation Publication First time Concepts the of Industry term IFC in scientific 2.0 Building Alliance discussions Information Interoperability Model (BIM) with appears open membership in a publication software Publication driven by interoperability ISO of to Industry facilitate Foundation cross industry Classes interoperability IFC 1.0 & 1.5

7 More History Release The Release International of ifcxml2x3 IFC2x2 IFC2x3 of IFC4 Alliance Addendum for Interoperability 1 changes its name to buildingsmart.

8 BIM <-> GIS relationship BIM Full 3D Geometry Data Accessible Object Attribution Attributes relate to Model Default 3D Views Inflexible Data Model Standards Body: buildingsmart Narrowly Focused (Buildings) SILO centric GIS 2D or 2.5 D Geometry Data Accessible Object Attribution Attributes relate to real world Default 2D Views Highly flexible Data Model Standards Body: OGC Generic Spatial Focus Centralised Database

9 Industry Foundation Classes BIM Interoperability BIM is about Interoperability Generic Design GIS Generic Visualisation Project Management City Models Specialisation Tools Asset Management Systems Virtual Analysis Facilities Management Systems

BIM in Practice More about PROCESS than MODEL

round-trip integration Allows Integrated models

10 BIM in Practice More about PROCESS than MODEL Modular Software Generic Design Best of Breed Modules Focus on Contained Models / Groups of models / Highly Detailed IFC out more common than round-trip integration Allows Integrated models (X-Ref) Integrated Silo models 1 Model = 1 Data schema IFC?

11 Standards for the convergence of BIM, 3D and geospatial GEOFF ZEISS BIM is a process, uses technology BIM starts with design, drives construction and then facilitates maintenance BIM includes graphics, because appearance is important. BIM incorporates building objects containing geometry and properties in the form of structured information. There are different types of objects describing buildings including functional (doors and windows), physical (beams), logical (90 degree angles), and abstract objects (rooms). BIM also includes objects describing process including schedules, resources, costs, quality assurance, tasks, work, approvals, RFI's and submittals. Perhaps the simplest way to summarize BIM is that it is about sharing. BIM is open, structured, semantic, and standard information.

12 Where is the Single Source of Truth Most available BIM software is Database centric. However, also Project centric each model is a Silo of data. Object ID s are unique within models NOT across different BIM models

13 Where is the Single Source of Truth Need to provide wider contextual identification FM or GIS offers possibilities to take absolute control of the Single Source of Truth. Soften the discord with an Integrated Silo model.

14 BIM and the Geospatial Practitioner BIM allows Geospatial Practitioner to include more tools seamlessly into their repertoire Some examples

BIM and Work-as-Executed Some of the BIGGEST examples of wasted effort in the Geo-Spatial industry: BIM models are created with minute detail After construction As-Built drawings are updated and

15 BIM and Work-as-Executed Some of the BIGGEST examples of wasted effort in the Geo-Spatial industry: BIM models are created with minute detail After construction As-Built drawings are updated and generally submitted to councils or other authorities as paper or PDF GIS operators then interprets and recaptures the data in GIS centric format / structures BIM advantage Update the BIM models, then update GIS using controlled automation. (Depends on two-way integration) No Double handling Less Operator error

IFC Working with Point Clouds Untapped Point Cloud

handle point clouds with billions of points Some

16 IFC Working with Point Clouds Untapped Point Cloud potential Few traditional GIS platforms can truly handle point clouds with billions of points Some BIM compliant tools offer advanced classification and model automation. Integration with BIM enables transfer of salient data. Specialisation Tools GIS

17 3D Photography Photo Models Stitching photos together and generating small models These can be linked into the BIM or GIS Identify Details of Assets, & Asset attribution Model Confined spaces Link in GIS Review before sending humans in Confined Spaces Concreted Spaces Source: YouTube ID = nbmzlrpr4lu

18 3D Cadastres

19 3D Cadastres BIM is NOT for a seamless cadastre. (Remember Database centric Silos ) BIM can be a useful tool for Strata plan designs Strata plan clash detection Cadastral data best handled in a Spatial Database With Dimensioning or not Resource for Cadastral Surveyors

of Common Property Strata Plan Subterranean Strata

20 3D Cadastres 3D cadastral elements requires accuracy relative to boundaries Easy visualisation of Common Property Strata Plan Subterranean Strata Lots Lots for future upwards expansion Vertical easements

21 Conclusion BIM is an important tool for Geospatial professionals BIM will not replace GIS (Not Yet) The Industry Foundation Classes enables practical integration

22 Credits Ian Harper Geodata Australia Peter Swan Spatial Information Group

Coordinate systems, measured surveys for BIM, total station for BIM, as-built surveys, setting-out

Coordinate systems, measured surveys for BIM, total station for BIM, as-built surveys, setting-out What is a BIM What does a BIM do Why use a BIM BIM Software BIM and the Surveyor How do they relate to