Effect of cadmium supply levels to cadmium accumulation by Salix

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1 Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., 8 (3), 493-5, Summr 211 ISSN IRSEN, CEERS, IAU T. Ling t l. Efft of mium supply lvls to mium umultion y Slix T. Ling; *R. Jun; Y. Fngk 1 Shool of Environmntl n Muniipl Enginring, Institut of Environmntl Eology, Lnzhou Jiotong Univrsity, Lnzhou, Chin n Enginring Rsrh Cntr for Col n Ari Rgions, Wtr Rsour Comprhnsiv Utiliztion, Ministry of Eution, Lnzhou, Chin Riv 6 July 21; rvis 22 Otor 21; pt 24 Mrh 211; vill onlin 1 Jun 211 ABSTRACT: Th prsnt invstigtion rports th rsults of th mium umult y Slix mtsun, S. l vr. Tristis n S. yloni in pot xprimnt t six iffrnt lvls of mium supply (,.5, 2, 6, 25, 6 mg/kg). All tst Slix spis show th iffrnt ilitis to rmov mium, whih pn on spis n onntrtions lvl. Cmium umult y th lvs, twigs n roots linrly inrs with inrsing mium supply lvls. Th highr onntrtion mium trtmnts signifintly promot th mium umultion. S. mtsun lwys prform th strongr ility of mium umultion unr iffrnt mium supply trtmnts, whil S. l vr. Tristis n S. yloni h th poorr umultion ility. Cmium in soil ws mor intnsivly sor in th lvs n twigs for ll thr Slix spis, ws not rtin in roots n ws trnsfrr to ovgroun plnt tissus. Th rsults init tht Slix hs n xllnt potntil for mium phytormition us of its high umultion ility. Kywors: Hvy mtl; Phytormition; Plnt; Uptk INTRODUCTION Inustril pross, griulturl proutions, mining n othr humn tivitis hv rsult in onsirl ontmintion of soils with hvy mtls (Goyl t l., 28; Atfr t l., 21). Soils pollut with mtls my thrtn osystms n humn hlth (Pulfor n Wtson, 23; Dorrn t l., 28; ). Tritionl rmition thnologis of soils ontmint with toxi mtls r gnrlly too ostly, n oftn rsult in ortion of soil proprtis (Mrs t l., 24). Th potntil us of trs s suitl vgttion ovr for hvy mtlontmint ln, with thir lowr ost n nvironmntl frinly ntur, hs ttrt inrsing ttntions (L t l., 27; Prz-Sirvnt t l., 28). Most of stuis on phytormition hv minly fous on mtl hyprumulting plnts (Blylok n Hung, 2; Nouri t l., 29). Hyprumultors n umult svrl hunrs fol rtin mtls ompring norml plnt spis, with no vrs ffts on thir growth (Rvs n Bkr, 2; Lst, 22). Howvr, hyprumultors r usully smll iomsss with low growing rts *Corrsponing Author Emil: rnjun@mil.lzjtu.n Tl: ; Fx: n no onomi vlu. Trs hv n suggst s low-ost, sustinl n ologilly soun solution to th rmition of hvy mtlontmint ln (Dikinson, 2), spilly whn it is unonomi to us othr trtmnt or thr is no tim prssur on th rus of th ln. Bnfits n ris minly from stiliztion of th soil or wst, lthough in som ss phytoxtrtion my suffiint to provi lnup of th soil. Thrfor, som Slix spis might n intrsting ltrntiv with thir high iomss proution n fst-growing vntg (Grgr n Lnrg, 1999; Pulfor n Wtson, 23; Mri t l., 27; Zhini t l., 29). Slix plnt spis tht prou high iomss n propos for us in phytormition thnology. Among th hvy mtls, C is of spil onrn u to its rltivly high moility in soils n potntil toxiity to iot t low onntrtions. Although C is nturlly prsnt in soil t tr mounts, high lvls of C hv n rport in som nvironmnt (Ds t l., 1997). Z mys L. slings umult mor oppr in roots ut grtr ontnts of zin in thir shoots (Mhmoo t l., 25 ). Diffrnt spis show iffrnt lvls of tolrn to Cr 2+ pollution

2 T. Ling t l. (Shrsth t l., 27; Nulo t l., 28; Jun t l., 29; Ayri t l., 21). Som hvy-mtl ontmint soils my ln up y growing plnts whih umult th pollutnts, thn hrvsting th plnts n isposing of thm in sf r. This kin of thnology, known s phytormition, rprsnts hrmlss n low ost thniqu, lking of istintiv si ffts (Cunninghm n Own, 1996; Lin, 1998). Tritium stivum, Eru stiv n Dumsi villos sling lngth rs in th high onntrtion of hromium trtmnt (Jml t l., 26; Prz-Sirvnt t l., 28). Th il plnts spis to rmit hvy mtl-ontmint soil woul high iomss prouing spis tht n oth tolrt n umult th ontminnts of intrst. For th purpos of phytormition, Punshon n Dikinson (1996) suggst tht th following hrtristis wr nfiil for wooy plnts: 1) ility to grow on nutrint-poor soil; 2) p root systm; 3) fst rt of grow; 4) mtl-rsistn trit Grgr n Lnrg (1999) isuss th potntil of Slix for th ontmintion of C-ontmint soils, rporting tht 12 yrs of growth woul rquir to rmov th C umult in Swish soils uring th lst ntury. Two possil strtgis hv n propos for th us of Slix for phytormition. On is Slix tht surviv in ontmint soil with miniml uptk of mtls into th ril tissus woul most pproprit for us whr istriution of hvy mtls to th wir nvironmnt or trnsfr of mtls into th foo hin is to voi (Eriksson n Lin, 1999; Vyslouzilov t l., 23). Anothr on is Slix tht umult rltivly high mounts of mtl r sirl if soil rmition is to hiv y phytoxtrtion n tr hrvsting. Th im of th prsnt stuy ws to invstigt spis vrition in C uptk n umultion of thr Slix spis grown in soil ontining rng of C onntrtions. Mor spifi, C onntrtion in iffrnt plnt prts unr sris of C ontmintion onitions ws invstigt. Th xprimnt ws rri in Institut of Environmntl Eology, Lnzhou Jiotong Univrsity in April 29. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cultivt xprimnts In April 29, th slings of thr Slix (S. mtsun, S. l vr. Tristis, S. yloni) wr plnt in 18 1-litr plsti pots with 1 kg of sns. Six rplitions for h spis wr m in 6 C trtmnts with,.5, 2, 6, 25, 6 mg/kg. Th pots ontining 3 slings wr pl in grnhous. For 6 months of xprimnt, th night / ylight prio of th grnhous ws 1/14 h n th tmprtur vri twn 15.2 n 32.5 C. Th 18 pots wr pl rnomly in th grnhous n wtr thr tims wk with minrliz wtr in orr to kp th sn s moistur ontnt onstnt n r ws tkn to voi lhing of wtr from th pots, plsti tu ws pl low h pot to ollt th lht. Th ollt lht ws gin rturn to th xprimnt pot. During th 6 months of th stuy, h pot ws givn out 6 mm of wtr. Msurmnts of mtl onntrtions in plnt smpls Aovgroun iomss n root iomss wr hrvst ftr 6 months. Aovgroun iomss ws sprt into lvs n twigs, roots wr thoroughly wsh y ioniz wtr. Lvs, twigs n roots of h smpling wr pl in rying int t 8 C for 48 h until onstnt wight ws rh. Smpls wr wigh, n groun thn pss 2-msh srn. Approximtly.5 (±.1) g of mtril from h smpl ws urtly wigh into 5 ml rmi ruil n roniz on th hting furn until th smok issipt. Thn th rmi ruil wr trnsfrr to th muffl furn t 5 C for 8 h. Th rsulting sh ws issolv in 1 ml HNO 3 (1:1) n ilut to finl volum of 5 ml with ioniz wtr n stor in polythn ontinrs. Dpning on ttion limits, th C ontnts of th solutions wr msur using th inutivly oupl plsm optil mission sptromtry (ICP-AES). Sttistil nlysis Sttistil nlysis ws prform s on STATISTICA (Sttsoft, 1993). Th t wr nlyz through two-wy n on-wy nlysis of vrin (ANOVA) to trmin th fft of trtmnts, spis n prts of plnts, n Dunn s multipl omprison tsts wr prform to trmin th sttistil signifin of th iffrns mong 494

3 Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., T. Ling 8 t (3), l , Summr 211 mns of iffrnt C trtmnts,willow spis n prts of plnts. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Aumultion of C in twig, lf n root of Slix unr iffrnt C supply lvls Th C umultion in twig, lf n root in thr Slix spis trt with C (.5 mg/kg to 6 mg/kg) is shown in Fig. 1 n 2. A two-wy ANOVA show tht th mounts of C umultion in th twig lf n root wr signifintly fft y iffrnt spis (P<.1), C trtmnt (P<.1) n intrtion (P<.1) twn spis n C trtmnt (Tl 1). Th ontnts of th C in th twigs (on-wy ANOVA: F , p <.1 for S. mtsun; F , p <.1 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. yloni), lvs (F , p <.1 for S. mtsun; F , p <.1 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. yloni) n roots (F , p <.1 for S. mtsun; F , p <.1 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. yloni) wr signifintly iffrnt mong iffrnt C trtmnts in ll thr Slix spis. For ll Slix spis, th lowst C umultion in twig, lf n root lwys ourr in lowst C onntrtion trtmnts. Compr with th ontrol, highr onntrtion C trtmnts (6, 25, 6 mg/kg) signifintly promot C uptk of th twig, lf n root for ll spis (Fig. 1). For S. mtsun, th mounts of C umultion in twig n lf rmtilly n signifintly inrs with th ition of C onntrtion, howvr, unr th highst C onntrtion (6 mg/ kg), th mount of C umultion in root ws signifintly lowr thn tht of 25 mg/kg C trtmnt, n highr thn othr C trtmnts. Th mounts of C umultion in twig, lf n root of S. l vr. Tristis n in twig of S. yloni unr th highst C onntrtion (6 mg/kg) wr signifintly lowr thn tht of 25 mg / kg C trtmnt n highr thn tht of th othr C trtmnts. Th mount of C umultion in ll thr prts of S. l vr. Tristis unr th 6 mg/kg C trtmnt ws signifintly highr thn tht of othr lowr C onntrtion trtmnts n th ontrol. Th highr C onntrtion trtmnts (25, 6 mg/ kg) signifintly promot th C umultion in root n lf of yloni, thr ws no signifint iffrn for th mounts of C umultion twn th 25 mg/kg n 6 mg/kg C trtmnts, mong th ontrol n th lowr onntrtion trtmnts (.5, 2 mg/kg). Th mounts of C umultion in root n lf of S. yloni unr th 6 mg/kg C trtmnt wr signifintly highr thn tht of othr lowr C onntrtion trtmnts n th ontrol n lowr thn tht of th 25 n 6 mg/kg C trtmnts (Fig. 1). Thr wr th signifint orrltions twn th mounts of C umultion in twig, lf n root n C onntrtion for ll thr Slix spis (Tl 2). Diffrn of C umultion in twig, lf n root mong Slix spis Th ontnts of th C in th twigs (on-wy ANOVA: F 2 4.9, p.383 for th ontrol; F , p<.1 for th.5 mg/kg C trtmnt; F , p<.1 for th 2 mg/kg C trtmnt; F , p<.1 for th 6 mg/kg C trtmnt; F , p<.1 for th 25 mg/kg C trtmnt; F , p<.1 for th 6 mg/kg C trtmnt) n lvs (F , p.19 for th ontrol; F , Tl 1: Anlysis of vrin for th ffts of iffrnt spis, C trtmnts, n thir intrtion on umultion of th lvs, twigs n roots for thr Slix spis Prt of plnt Sour of vrition f F-vlu P C trtmnt <.1 Lvs spis C trtmnt spis <.1 Twigs Roots C trtmnt <.1 spis C trtmnt spis <.1 C trtmnt <.1 spis C trtmnt spis <.1 495

4 Cmium T. umultion Ling t l. y Slix p.4 for th.5mg/kg C trtmnt; F , p.8 for th 2 mg/kg C trtmnt; F , p<.1 for th 6 mg/kg C trtmnt; F , p<.1 for th 25 mg/kg C trtmnt; F , p<.1 for th 6 mg/kg C trtmnt) wr signifintly iffrnt mong thr Slix spis unr ll C trtmnts. Thr wr signifintly iffrn for th mount of C umultion in th roots mong thr Slix spis unr.5 mg/kg (F , p<.1), 2 mg/kg (F , p.238), 6 mg/ kg (F , p<.1) n 25 mg/kg (F , p<.1), ut not for th ontrol n th 6 mg/kg C trtmnt. S. mtsun n S. l vr. Tristis i not prform signifint iffrn in th mounts of C umultion in th twigs n lvs t.5 mg/kg trtmnt, in th roots t 6 mg/kg trtmnt, in th lvs t 2 n 25 mg/kg trtmnt, wr signifintly highr thn S. yloni. S. mtsun lwys prform th iggst mounts of C umultion in twig th 2, 6 n 25 mg/kg trtmnts, in root t 25 mg/kg trtmnt, n S. yloni prform th poorst umultion ility signifintly. Th lvs t th 6 n 6 mg/kg n th twigs t 6 mg/kg C trtmnts of S. mtsun lwys umult th most mount of C thn th othr two spis whih i not prform signifint iffrn in th mounts of C umultion (Fig. 2). Aumultion of C in iffrnt prt of thr Slix spis Th mounts of C umultion unr th ontrol (F , p <.1 for S. mtsun; F , p <.1 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. ylonis ), th.5 mg/kg (on-wy ANOVA: F , p.34 for S. mtsun; F , p.24 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. ylonis), 2 mg/kg (F , p <.1 for S. mtsun; F , p <.1 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. ylonis), 6 mg/kg (F , p <.1 for S. mtsun; F , p.984 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. ylonis), 25 mg/kg (F , p <.1 for S. mtsun; F , p <.1 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. ylonis) n 6 mg/kg (F , p <.1 for S. mtsun; F , p <.1 for S. l vr. Tristis; F , p <.1 for S. ylonis) C trtmnt wr signifintly iffrnt mong thr prts of Slix spis, ut no for S. l vr. Tristis t th 6 mg/kg C trtmnt. At th ontrol, th mounts of C umultion in th twigs n lvs for ll thr spis wr not signifintly iffrnt, ut signifintly highr thn th root. At th.5 mg/kg C trtmnt, thr r not signifintly iffrn in th mounts of C umultion twn th twigs n lvs for S. mtsun n S. l vr. Tristis, n th mounts of C umultion in ovroun prts wr signifintly highr thn unrgroun prt for ths two spis, for S. ylonis, th mounts of C umultion in th lvs wr signifintly highr thn th twigs n roots whih i not prform signifint iffrn h othr. At th 2, 6 n 25 mg/ kg C trtmnts, th mounts of C umultion in th twigs n lvs for S. mtsun wr not signifintly iffrnt, ut signifintly highr thn tht of th root, for S. ylonis, th mounts of C umultion in th twigs wr signifintly highr thn tht of th roots n lowr thn tht of th lvs. Th mounts of C umultion in th twigs unr 2 n 25 mg/kg C trtmnts for S. l vr. Tristis, n 6 mg/kg C trtmnt for S. ylonis Tl 2: Corrltions of C onntrtion to th mount of C umultion in lvs, twigs n roots Prt of plnt Spis Linr mol R 2 F-vlu P S. mtsun y x <.1 Lvs S. l vr. Tristis y x <.1 S. yloni y x <.1 S. mtsun y x <.1 Twigs S. l vr. Tristis y x <.1 S. yloni y x <.1 S. mtsun y x <.1 Roots S. l vr. Tristis y x <.1 S. yloni y x <.1 496

5 Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., T. Ling 8 t (3), l , Summr 211 n S. mtsun, wr signifintly highr thn tht of th roots n lowr thn tht of th lvs. Th mount of C umultion in th lvs unr 6 mg/ kg C trtmnt ws signifintly highr thn tht of th twigs n roots whih i not prform signifint iffrn h othr (Fig. 3). C umultion in th lvs (mg/kg) S. mtsun S. l vr. Tris tis S. yloni C umultion in th lvs (mg/kg) mg/kg.5 mg/kg 2 mg/kg 6 mg/kg 25 mg/kg 6 mg/kg mg/kg.5 mg /kg 2 mg/kg 6 mg/kg 25 mg /kg 6 mg/kg S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni C umultion in th twigs (mg/kg) S. mtsun S. l vr. Tris tis S. yloni C umultion in th twigs (mg/kg) mg /kg.5 mg /kg 2 mg /kg 6 mg /kg 25 mg /kg 6 mg /kg mg/kg.5 mg/kg 2 mg/kg 6 mg/kg 25 mg/kg 6 mg/kg S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni C umultion in th roots (mg/kg) S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni C umultion in th roots (mg/kg) mg/kg.5 mg/kg 2 mg/kg 6 mg/kg 25 mg/kg 6 mg/kg mg/kg.5 mg/kg 2 mg/kg S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni 6 mg/kg 25 mg/kg 6 mg/kg Fig. 1: Aumultion iffrn of six iffrnt C trtmnts in twig, lf n root mong thr Slix spis. Vlus with th sm lttrs r not signifintly iffrnt mong trtmnts Fig. 2: Aumultion iffrn of thr Slix spis in twig, lf n root mong six iffrnt C trtmnts. Vlus with th sm lttrs r not signifintly iffrnt mong trtmnts 497

6 T. Ling t l. C umultion unr th mg/kg (mg/kg) S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni C umultion unr th.5 mg/kg (mg/kg) S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni lvs twigs roots lvs twigs roots C umultion unr th 25 mg/kg (mg/kg) C umultion unr th 2 mg/kg (mg/kg) S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni lvs twigs ro o ts S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni lvs twigs roots Fig. 3: Aumultion iffrn of thr prts for thr Slix unr six iffrnt C trtmnts. Vlus with th sm lttrs r not signifintly iffrnt mong trtmnts C umultion unr th 6 mg/kg (mg/kg) C umultion unr th 6 mg/kg (mg/kg) S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni lvs twigs roots S. mtsun S. l vr. Tristis S. yloni lvs twigs roots 498

7 Int. J. Environ. Si. T. Th., Ling 8 t (3), l , Summr 211 CONCLUSION Th C umultion in th lv, twigs n root of th tst Slix spis lwys inrs with th ition of C supply, only t th highst C supply onitions, th C umultion in th twigs n root for S. l vr. Tristis n S. ylonis, in th lvs for S. l vr. Tristis prform signifint rs. For ll tst Slix spis, C umult y th lvs, twigs n roots linrly inrs with inrsing C supply lvls, pk t th C lvl of 6 mg/kg in twigs n lvs of S. mtsun n 25 mg/kg for S. l vr. Tristis whih thn rs with furthr inrsing xtrnl C lvl. For S. yloni, th mximum mount of C tkn up y th twigs n roots wr s high s n mg/kg, rsptivly, grown t th C lvl of 25 mg/ kg, n th highst mount of C umultion in th lvs prform t th trtmnt of 6 mg/kg. Th rsult of this stuy init tht Slix hs n xllnt potntil for C phytormition us of its high umultion ility. By omprison of iniviul ovgroun prts of plnts, C ws intnsivly umult in lvs thn in twigs. C ws not rtin in roots n ws trnsfrr to ovgroun plnt tissus in ll tst spis. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This rsrh ws support y Progrm for Chngjing Sholrs n Innovtiv Rsrh Tm in Univrsity (IRT966) n y th Ntionl Nturl Sin Fountion (No ). REFERENCES Atfr, Z.; Msghini, A.; Nouri, J.; Hom, M.; Yunsin, M., (21). Efft of frtilizr pplition on soil hvy mtl onntrtion. Environ. Monitor. Assss., 16 (1-4), (7 pgs). Ayri, F.; Hmi, H.; Jii, N.; Ghri, N.; Kossi, R., (21). Hvy mtl istriution in soil n plnt in muniipl soli wst ompost mn plots. Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., 7 (3), (8 pgs). Blylok, M. J.; Hung, J. W., (2). Phytoxtrtion of mtls. In: Rskin, I. n Ensly, B. D. (Es.), Phytormition of toxi mtls: using plnts to lnup th nvironmnt. Nw York, John Wily n Sons, In. Cunninghm, S. D.; Own, D. W., (1996). Promiss n prospts of phytormition. Plnt Physiol., 11 (3), (5 pgs). Ds, P.; Smntry, S.; Rout, G. R., (1997). Stuis on mium toxiity in plnts: A rviw. Environ. Pollut., 98 (1), (8 pgs). Dikinson, N. M., (2). Strtgis for sustinl wooln on ontmint soils. Chmosphr, 41(1-2), (5 pgs). Dorrn, S.; Mhvi, A. H.; Dhshti, S., (28). Fluori ontnt of ottl rinking wtr vill in Irn. Fluori, 41 (1), (2 pgs). Dorrn, S.; Mhvi, A. H.; Dhshti, S.; Ai, D. R. V.; Thrn, I., (28). Drinking wtr fluori n hil ntl ris in Dshtstn, Irn. Fluori, 41 (3), (7 pgs). Eriksson, J.; Lin, S., (1999). Chngs in phytovilility n onntrtion of mium in soil following long trm Slix ropping. Wtr, Air Soil Pollut., 15 (1-2), (14 pgs). Goyl, P.; Shrm, P.; Srivstv, S.; Srivstv, M. M., (28). Sr ini lf powr for ontmintion of P: rmovl, rovry, sornt hrtriztion n quilirium moling. Int. J. Environ. Si. Th. 5 (1), (8 pgs). Grgr, M.; Lnrg, T., (1999). Us of willow in phytoxtrtion. Int. J. Phytormit., 1 (2), (9 pgs). Jml, S. N.; Iql, M. Z.; Athr, M., (26). Phytotoxi fft of luminum n hromium on th grmintion n rly growth of wht (Tritium stivum) vritis Anmol n Kirn. Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., 3 (4), (6 pgs). Jun, R.; Ling, T.; Gunghu, Z., (29). Effts of hromium on s grmintion, root longtion n oloptil growth in six pulss. Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., 6 (4), (8 pgs). Lst, M. M., (22). Phytoxtrtion of toxi mtls: A rviw of iologil mhnisms. J. Environ. Qul., 31 (1), (12 pgs). Lin, S., (1998). Environmntl onsquns whn growing short rottion forst in Swn. Biomss n Bionrgy, 15 (1), (7 pgs). L, I.; Bk, K.; Kim, H.; Kim, S.; Kim, J.; Kwon, Y.; Chng, Y.; B, B., (27). Phytormition of soil oontmint with hvy mtls n TNT using four plnt spis. J. Environ. Si. Hlth Prt A., 42 (13), (7 pgs). Mhmoo, S.; Hussin, A.; S, Z.; Athr, M., (25). Grmintion n sling growth of orn (Z mys l.) unr vrying lvls of oppr n zin. Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., 2 (3), (6 pgs). Mri, N.; Utmzin, D. S.; Wnzl, W. W., (27). Cmium n zin umultion in willow n poplr spis grown on pollut soils. J. Plnt Nutr. Soil Si., 17 (2), (8 pgs). Mrs, E.; Hopgoo, M.; Lsg, E.; Vrvk, P.; Tk, F. M. G.; Vrloo, M. G., (24). Enhn phytoxtrtion: In srh of EDTA ltrntivs. Int. J. Phytormit., 6 (2), (15 pgs). Nulo, G.; Orym Orig, H.; Nsinym, G. W.; Col, D., (28). Assssmnt of Zn, Cu, P n Ni ontmintion in wtln soils n plnts in th lk sin. Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., 5 (1), (1 pgs). Nouri, J.; Khorsni, N.; Lorstni, B.;Yousfi, N.; Hssni, A.H.; Krmi, M., (29). Aumultion of hvy mtls in soil n uptk y plnt spis with phytormition potntil. Environ. Erth Si. 59 (2), (9 pgs). 499

8 Cmium T. Ling umultion t l. y Slix Prz-Sirvnt, C.; Mrtinz-Snhz, M. J.; Gri-Lornzo, M. L.; Bh, J., (28). Uptk of C n P y nturl vgttion in soils pollut y mining tivitis. Frsnius Environ. Bull., 17 (1), (6 pgs). Pulfor, I. D.; Wtson, C., (23). Phytormition of hvy mtl-ontmint ln y trs - A rviw. Environ. Int., 29 (4), (12 pgs). Punshon, T.; Dikinson, N. M., (1996). Th potntil of Slix lons for iormiting mtl pollut soil. Glimmrvn, I., (E.). Hvy mtls n trs. Proings of isussion mting, Glsgow, Einurgh: Institut of Chrtr Forstrs. Rvs, R. D.; Bkr, A. J. M., (2). Mtl umultion in plnts. Ensly B. D.; Rskin, I., (Es.). Phytormition of toxi mtls: Using plnts to ln up th nvironmnt. John Wily n Sons, Nw York, USA. Shrsth, R.; Fishr, R.; Sillnp, M., (27). Invstigtions on iffrnt positions of ltros n thir ffts on th istriution of Cr t th wtr simnt intrf. Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., 4 (4), (8 pgs). Sttsoft, In., (1993). STATISTICA for Winows Rls 4.5 Vyslouzilov, M.; Tlustos, P.; Szkov, J., (23). Cmium n zin phytoxtrtion potntil of svn lons of Slix spp. Plnts on hvy mtl ontmint soil. Plnt, Soil Environ., 49 (12), (6 pgs). Zhini, M.; Pitrini, F.; Mugnozz, G. S.; Pitrosnti, V. L.; Mssi, A., (29). Mtl tolrn, umultion n trnslotion in poplr n willow lons trt with mium in hyroponis. Wtr Air Soil Pollut., 197 (1-4), (12 pgs). AUTHOR (S) BIOSKETCHES Ling, T., Ph.D., Profssor, Shool of Environmntl n Muniipl Enginring n Institut of Environmntl Eology, Lnzhou Jiotong Univrsity, Lnzhou, Chin. Emil: toling@mil.lzjtu.n Jun, R., Ph.D., Profssor, Shool of Environmntl n Muniipl Enginring n Institut of Environmntl Eology, Lnzhou Jiotong Univrsity, Lnzhou, Chin. Emil: rnjun@mil.lzjtu.n Fngk, Y., M.S., Shool of Environmntl n Muniipl Enginring n Institut of Environmntl Eology, Lnzhou Jiotong Univrsity, Lnzhou, Chin. Emil: yngliu@mil.lzjtu.n How to it this rtil: (Hrvr styl) Ling, T.; Jun, R.; Fngk, Y., (211). Efft of mium supply lvls to mium umultion y Slix. Int. J. Environ. Si. Th., 8 (3),