Applications of Space Technology and GIS for Disaster Risk Reduction and Sustainable Development in Myanmar

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1 Applications of Space Technology and GIS for Disaster Risk Reduction and Sustainable Development in Myanmar Ms. Tin Yi Deputy Director Department of Meteorology and Hydrology MYANMAR Natural hazards Meteorological Hydrological Geological 2006 Apr Cyclone Mala 2008 May Cyclone Nargis 2010 Oct Cyclone GIRI 2011 Mar Tarlay Strong Earthquake 2011 JJA Heavy Rain & Floods 2011 Oct Pakokku Flash Flood 2012 JJA Lower/NE Myanmar Floods 2012 Nov Thabeikkyin Strong Earthquake 2013 May Cyclone Mahasen 2013 J-O J O Heavy rain triggered secondary hazards & Floods Mala, 2006 Akash, 2007 Nargis, 2008 Bijli, 2009 Giri, 2010 Mahasen, 2013

2 Natural Disaster (Vulnerable) Area in Myanmar Cyclone/Tsunami Landslide Drought Flood Meteorological/Hydrological Hazard Calendar Hazards J F M A M J J A S O N D Cyclone High Temperature Low Temperature Drought Squalls& Thunderstorm Flood Heavy Rain Monsoon Depression Hail

3 The Roles and Responsibilities of DMH Meteorological Services in 1937 Agro meteorological Services in 1970 Hydrological Services in 1964 Seismological and Earthquake activities in 1961 Member of IMO (International Meteorological Organization) in 1938 Acid Deposition Monitoring in 2003 Member of of EANET (Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in Asia ) in 2006 Issued Information, Forecasts and Warning Disseminate to decision makers, policy makers, Depts & public Early Warning System is main responsibility of DMH in case of Disaster Risk Reduction Meteorological and Hydrological Observation Network (DMH) (37) WMO Register (3)hourly Synoptic Observation Stations (1) Upper Air Observation Global Meteorological Observation System Meteorological/Hydrological Stations - 39 Observatory Observatory Meteorological Stations - 63 Hydrological stations - 25 Agro meteorological Stations - 17 Upper Air Station - 1 Aviation Weather Station - 8 SSB Telephone - Main Center (NayPyiTaw) GT S Bangkok & New Delhi Observatory SSB IP/VPN(Internet) Observatory Telephone Backup Center (Yangon) GT S Bangkok & New Delhi

4 Warning, Bulletin, Forecast and News Cyclone Warning Storm Surge Warning Flood Warning Untimely Rainfall Warning Fog Warning Heavy Rain Warning Aviation Weather Warning Low flow water level Tsunami Warning Port Warning Agro-meteorological Bulletin Bay Bulletin Flood Bulletin Special Weather Bulletin Responsibilities of DMH Daily Weather/Water Level 10 Days Weather/Flood Monthly Weather/Flood Seasonal Weather/River Flood Forecast Aviation Weather Forecast Marine Weather Forecast Special Forecast Earthquake News Rainfall / Temperature Records Cyclone News In Meteorological Services MTSAT Data Receiving System installed on 25 th January, 2011 at Multi-Hazard Early Warning Center, Nay Pyi Taw (donated by JICA) FY-Cast geostationary meteorological satellite installed at Nay Pyi Taw. (2011) (donated by CMA)

5 In order to issue early warning. By using Dvorak Technique in SATAID software Analyze Cloud Pattern Calculate Wind Vector, Vortex Calculate Cloud Top Temperature Analyze Tropical Cyclone Analyze Rain forecast Upper air Products from GTS (Global Telecommunication System)

6 We can issue good outlook of Short And Medium Range Forecast by using Global Climate model. IMD/NOAA/ IRI/TMD/ ARL/ RIMES /ECMWF/ BCC/JTWC/JMA/KMA DMH set up WRF Model Since 2012 Nov. Now Updated in our website For our users. In Hydrological Services For Daily Water Level Forecast River Stage Correlation Method Empirical Model (based on single and multiple regression analysis) Integrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS) (not for operational use) For Seasonal Water Level Forecast Based on flood characteristic occurred in Analogue years Based on seasonal weather forecast Based on comparison of current flow with the individual hydrograph for the last (10) years Based on the average flow of the last (10) years Based on the Flood frequency analysis Not Yet Flood Forecasting Method using Space Technology and GIS (for operational use)

7 Flood Forecasting by using (IFAS) (Space Technology and GIS )

8 Flood Hazard Map for Zalun and Seiktha of Ayeyarwady Region

9 In Seismological Services Waveform captured by VBB Epicenter location map from VBB VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) Sensor and server Installed at Nay Pyi Taw on (donated by CEA) ESCAP/RIMES installed one broadband station at Sittwe in 2009 for the earthquake monitoring system and DMH also use that station for global earthquake observation.

10 Two Sea Level Gauges (for Tsunami Warning) installed on 2006 (donated by UNESCO IOC) GPS Stations under DMH (with EOS) GPS installed on 2012 Hakha Kani Shwebo Sint Gu GPS installed on 2011 Gyophyu Ingale Waow Kyaikhteeyo

11 Key challenges and difficulties in promoting the applications of space technology and GIS Limitation of. Satellite images receiving ground station High and very high resolution satellite images Own weather news channel (or) communication channel to broadcast weather news and early warning in case of disaster risk reduction Modernized infrastructures Establishment of geo-portal based on GIS technologies integrated with national and regional agencies National wide risk assessment based on space and GIS technology Capacity building on space technology and GIS applications in disaster risk reduction Needs and Gaps Software Licening for RS and GIS Modernized infrastructure such as, High Performance Computers, Scanner, GPS with camera, Photo Copy Machine, etc; Very High & High Resolution Satellite Images Satellite Technology and Knowledge Facilitate Technical and Financial assistance Short Term and Long Term fellowship for Space Technology and RS & GIS Training specialized for Remote Sensing and satellite data handling and processing

12 Future Plans Map of Radar Monitoring (3) stations Map of (AWS) Network (30)stations Putao Hkamty Myitkyina Bhamo Kalaymyo Lashio Hakha Monywa Mandalay Kyineton Meikhtila Taunggyi Nansam Sittwe Magway Nay P yi Taw Loikaw Mandalay Kyaukpyu Thandwe Taungoo Kyaukpyu Gwa Pathei Hmawbi Bago Yangon Hpaa n Laputta Mawlamyin Yangon Dawei Kawthuang Future plans: To promote the Numerical weather Prediction System To upgrade the RegCM Model To Substitute conventional instruments to advanced instruments. To install modernize weather radars to cover the coastal regions. To upgrade DMH s Data collection and processing system with automation. To enhance Climate Services, Application and Modeling Dense Meteorological and Hydrological observational networks Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) Upper air observation facilities (Pilot balloon, wind, moisture, etc) More instruments to observe radiation, evaporation, sun shine, ozone, upper air, wind and temperature High gust anemometer for coastal station To promote the Early Warning System

13 Future plans: Install flood monitoring system (CCTV for surveillance) Install the automatic telemetry system Upgrade the water level gauging network Install the siren at flash flood area Upgrade the communication and dissemination systems Upgrade the flood forecasting center Develop the flood hazard map and flood risk map Develop the appropriate the flood simulated model Automatic data exchange system To promote the Capacity Building To promote using Space Technology and GIS for the Disaster Risk Reduction in Myanmar, cooperating and coordinating with International Organizations