WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES MONITORING BASED ON SATELLITE OBSERVATION : INDONESIA PERSPECTIVE RIRIS ADRIYANTO

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1 WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES MONITORING BASED ON SATELLITE OBSERVATION : INDONESIA PERSPECTIVE RIRIS ADRIYANTO INDONESIA AGENCY FOR METEOROLOGY, CLIMATOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS (BM KG)

2 1. INTRODUCTION - BMKG is the Indonesia s national weather service. It is responsible for weather forecasts, climatic prognoses as well as monitoring and warning of natural hazards efforts include earthquake and tsunami. - BMKG operates in five regional offices and more than 178 observatories nationwide.

3 2. EXISTING SURFACE-BASED OBSERVATION SYSTEMS Rawinsonde stations : 22 Synoptic stations Lightning detector : 61 sites Automatic Weather Station : 361 Doppler Weather Radar : 40 sites AWOS : 39 airports 7th Asia/Oceania Meteorological Satellite Users Conference (AOMSUC-7) Songdo city, Republic of Korea / October 2016

4 3. SATELLITE DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING CAPABILITIES Data sources : - Himawari-8 data is obtained from HimawariCloud provided by JMA ( regularly every 10 minutes (since July 2015). Every NHMS, include us (BMKG), has granted user and password which the latest is changed periodically. - A back up for HimawariCloud access, as of October 2016 a HimawariCast reception has been installed in BMKG s Meteorological College. - Other GEO satellite data received : FY-2E/G, - Ground-system for several Polar Orbiters: NASA s Aqua/Terra, NOAA s Suomi-NPP.

5 4. SATELLITE DATA RECEIVED BY BMKG Satellites Receiption System : - Himawari-8 - FY2-F/G - NPP - NOAA Satellite Products Local Offices Others Institutions Public

6 APPLICATIONS OF SATELLITE PRODUCTS Nowcasting - short-range weather forecasts Precipitation monitoring Forest fire and smoke detection Volcanic-ash monitoring Atmospheric humidity monitoring (MJO)

7 SOME CASE STUDIES : MONITORING OF WEATHER & CLIMATE PHENOMENA

8 HEAVY RAINFALL MONITORING-1 Flood at Jakarta 20 Maret 2015

9 HEAVY RAINFALL MONITORING-2 Flash Flood : Meulaboh, Aceh - 11 Dec 2015

10 HEAVY RAINFALL MONITORING-3 Flash Flood during night time (Garut, 20 September 2016) Radar and Local Observation can not effectively used as warning information in remote area 34 deaths, 19 people still missing and over than 150 billions rupiah losed (Kompas, 5 Oct 2016)

11 RAPID DEVELOPING CUMULUS AREA Image courtesy by JMA

12 RAPID DEVELOPING CUMULUS AREA Preliminary result of RDCA for Indonesia region RDCA Detection Lightning 1 hour ahead

13 EARLY WARNING DISSEMINATION Himawari Cloud Server Evaluate every detected warning points to 514 disctricts in Indonesia If one or more points are included then the district is warned Extraction of HSD Format Converts to SATAID Format Public BMKG Satellite Database Server RDCA detection Find warning location Automatically creating and disseminating warning

14 MJO MONITORING-1 Water Vapor and Precipitation Hovmoller diagrams are used to predict heavy rainfall for next few days caused by MJO propagation

15 MJO MONITORING-2 2 days average of water vapor show MJO propagation eastward Phase 2 Phase 2 Phase 3-4 Phase 4

16 DROUGHT MONITORING, HOTSPOT AND SMOKE/HAZE DETECTION Severe Drought in August 2015

17 CONCLUSION Weather-related hazard become one of the most frequent disasters which brought economic impacts to the country; Satellite-based observation offers gap-filling data source over ocean and remote land areas of Indonesia to monitor weather and climate; Combination between Satellite, Radar, NWP, LD and forecaster capability improve the quality of weather forecast and warning information; Future satellite data and products are expected to be more easily reprocessed by the users with higher accuracy in some aspects to complement in-situ observations for short-range and long-range weather forecasts.

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