MALDIVES REPORT FOR THE FORTY-THIRD SESSION OF THE WMO/ESCAP PANEL ON TROPICAL CYCLONES

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1 MALDIVES REPORT FOR THE FORTY-THIRD SESSION OF THE WMO/ESCAP PANEL ON TROPICAL CYCLONES INDIA NEW DELHI MAY 2016 METEOROLOGICAL COMPONENT

2 METEOROLOGICAL COMPONENT UPPER AIR OBSERVATION SURFACE OBSERVATION AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATION RAINFALL STATION SATELLITE RADAR NEUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION TELECOMUNICATION MET INFORMATION

3 UPPER AIR OBSERVATION 246 Radio-Sonde observations done in Gan during No upper air Equipment in Male 43555

4 UPPER AIR OBSERVATION As the location of Maldives in the Indian Ocean happens to be a data sparse area in which shifting of ITCZ and phases of MJO takes place only one GUAN station is not enough. Upper air observations from Male are very important to entire meteorological community in the region and globe. Maldives urge assistance from donors and Panel members for rebuilding upper air observation network.

5 SURFACE OBSERVATION Maldives has 5 meteorological stations all are manned 24 hours. Both synoptic and aviation reports are made in all 5 stations. Only one of them is categorized as upperair station. VRMH (43533) VRMM (43555) (NMC) Hanimaadhoo (43533) Synoptic and Aviation Reports Male (43555) Synoptic and Aviation Reports Kadhdhoo (43577) Synoptic and Aviation Reports Kaadehdhoo (43588) Synoptic and Aviation Reports Gan (43599) Synoptic and Aviation Reports + Radio Sonde VRMK (43577) VRMT (43588) VRMG (43599)

6 AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATION Uligam Makunudhoo Feevak TWENTY THREE Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) were installed so far. Dharavandhoo Male Only 7 AWS are sending out data to NMC at present. Nilundhoo Hulhudheli Fulidhoo Facing financial difficulties to maintain AWS. Hirilandhoo Gan

7 RAINFALL STATION Accumulated rainfall for 24 hours are collected from 7 Rain Gauge Stations for National use. Kela Dharavandhoo HaaAlif Kela Shaviyani Funadhoo Baa Dharavandhoo Meemu Muli Kudahuvadoo Vaymandoo Muli Dhaalu Kudahuvadhoo Thaa Veymandoo Gnaviyani Fuvanmulah Fuvanmulah

8 METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE Digital Meteorological Data Dissemination (DMDD) system donated by IMD is facing a signal loss therefore, no data received during last 4 years. MMS requests IMD for upgrade or an alternative as it helped forecasters to do more precise predictions when it was in operation.

9 METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE The CMACast system donated by China Meteorological Administration in 2012 receives Satellite imageries from FY2E and FY2D series of Chinese geostationary satellites at an interval of 30 minutes. Surface synoptic data, Upper air sounding data, NWPs of ECMWF, T213: NWPs of CMA global model, NWP accumulation preci from Germany model and Japan model. Another component of this system is the application software MICAPS which enables to display satellite pictures, surface & upper air data, NWP products and overlay different products and analysis of various weather phenomena.

10 WEATHER RADAR DOPPLER Weather Radar has been out of service since Repair & Calibration done in July 2013, Radar not operational in 2015.

11 WEATHER RADAR Maldives requires training in Radar Meteorology and Radar Maintenance

12 NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION WRF basic run made daily twice. Computing power upgraded in 2015 with assistance from RIMES. MMS needs training on data assimilation and other areas.

13 NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION Products of various numerical weather prediction (NWP) models and dynamical-statistical models received through internet are used by forecasters

14 RIMES Experimental Forecast RIMES shared its WRF experimental forecast with MMS everyday. It include 6 hourly forecast simulations for wind speed and rainfall. RIMES now shares 10 day forecast simulations for wind speed and rainfall.

15 METEOROLOGICAL TELELCOMMUNICATION The computer based telecommunication system between the local Meteorological Offices and the NMC is functional.

16 METEOROLOGICAL TELELCOMMUNICATION - GTS Maldives receives complains from other countries and GCOS of not receiving our SYNOP, TEMP observations through GTS. Likewise, the monthly CLIMAT report sent via GTS is also reported not received by users. MESSIR-COMM message switching system developed by COROBOR is a TCP/IP based multi-channel communication link that is capable of handling vast amount of data.

17 METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION MMS launched upgraded version of official website during 2013/ Current weather updates, forecasts, warnings, met reports, seismic information and aviation weather charts are available for users. These products can be access through Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.

18 DISASTER PREVENTION & PREPAREDNESS COMPONENT DISASTER PREVENTION and PREPAREDNESS WARNING and ADVISORY

19 DISASTER PREVENTION and PREPAREDNESS Maldives Meteorological Service is mandated for issuing advisories and warnings related to meteorological, hydrological, tectonic and oceanographic disasters. MMS formulated a Project to be complete in 3 phases in establishing a full fledge Early Warning System. Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 -Upgrading of communication system (GTS), -Installation of Doppler Weather Radar, Satellite Receiving System. -Two Automatic Weather Stations were installed at Daravandoo of Baa Atoll and Nilandoo of Faafu Atoll. One short-period seismometer was installed in Gan Island - Addu Atoll. - 2 Broadband Seismometers installed in Internet service 5mbps to 10mbps and a redundant VSAT internet service is in place Automatic Weather Stations to be installed. -Weather Radar System in Gan-Addu Atoll - 10 Automatic Weather Stations in atolls. - Marine AWS

20 DISASTER PREVENTION and PREPAREDNESS To service as National Early Warning Centre, MMS prepared the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) to act upon any likely event of meteorological, hydrological, tectonic and oceanographic disasters.

21 WARNING and ADVISORY MMS s Alert Level Weather, Earthquake & Tsunami Alert Level 1 White Alert Level 2 Yellow Alert Level 3 Red

22 WARNING and ADVISORY Alert Level Description Action 1 WHITE - Mean wind speed is expected or prevailed between mph. - Rainfall of more than 50 mm is expected to occur within 24 hours. - High tidal waves are expected. Significant weather changes expected or occurred. Lookout for update information. 2 YELLOW - Mean wind speed is expected or prevailed between mph. - Torrential rain is expected and or heavy rain occurred for more than 2 hours. - A severe thunderstorm is occurring or expected. - Tropical Cyclone is formed or passing through effective area of Maldives. - Significant tidal or swell waves occurring or approaching. Concerned authorities and people are advised to be on watch or alert. Be ready to take preventive measures. 3 RED - Flash flood is expected. - Tropical Cyclone is tracked towards or to cross Maldives. - Destructive tidal, swell waves or storm surge is expected. People at risk to be evacuated from danger zones. 4 GREEN Condition improved (Cancelation Message) Cancel Watch or Warning.

23 WARNING and ADVISORY During 2015 Cyclone Season, the severe weather was monitored locally through 5 Met. Stations, 7 out of 23 Automatic Weather Stations and SATELLITE images received by in-house CMACast and on Internet. WRF model run by MMS with outputs from various NWP models and dynamical-statistical models received through internet were utilized to predict the variations in local atmosphere. Experimental forecast from RIMES and Bulletins from RSMC New Delhi were used to predict the intensity and track of the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea Systems.

24 WARNING and ADVISORY MMS issued 216 WHITE Alerts and 15 YELLOW Alerts during 2015 Cyclone Season. Briefing to sea travelers, fisherman, national defense, police, NDMC and interviews to various media were conducted. Warnings were additionally dispatched through cooperate SMS and Hotlines to designated authorities as per SOP.

25 WARNING and ADVISORY Tropical Cyclone an d Severe Weather information were received from RSMC-New Delhi and RIMES. Earthquake or tsunami warnings dispatched by Regional Tsunami Service Providers India, Indonesia, Australia received at MMS. All the advisories and warnings were disseminated to public satisfactorily in time. As National Tsunami Warning Centre (NTWC) MMS also participated in IOC/ IOTWS Communications Exercises during 2015.

26 WARNING and ADVISORY Forums & Workshops MMS in collaboration with RIMES, WMO convened Monsoon / climate outlook forums. These forum forums served as a national platform for its dialogue process between forecast providers and users.

27 Forums & Workshops - Objectives The national training of forecast translation intended to build the capacity of key sectoral decision-makers in translating forecasts/warning into potential impacts outlook and response options, for enhanced management of risks. Ensure that forecasts/ warning information products, including their uncertainties and limitations, are communicated to and understood by users. Encourage the use of forecasts to mitigate risks in climate-sensitive sectors, including, but not limited to agriculture, water resources, disaster management, and health. Receive user feedback for improving usability of forecast products. Provide a platform for inter-agency coordination of policies, and sectoral plans and programs for dealing with potential impacts of hydro-meteorological hazards. Provide a platform for long-term process of understanding risks posed/opportunities brought about by past, current, and future climate.

28 WARNING and ADVISORY Forums & Workshops MMS in collaboration with TC/ PTC convened consultation mission on SSOP in 2014 and the out put Manual on Synergized Standard Operating Procedures for coastal hazards is ready now.

29 WARNING and ADVISORY Emergency Operation Center Supported by the UNESCAP and facilitated by the RIMES. Maldives Met Service partnered with NDMC and Fuvahmulah Atoll Council to establish the EOC. Connects Fuvahmulah Atoll and its communities to MMS and NDMC for ensuring last mile connectivity and warning for preparedness in a multi-hazard context.

30

31 TRAINING COMPONENT TRAINING REQUIREMENT

32 Overall Priority Funds Confirmed Estimated Costs per Trainee (US$) Local Overseas TRAINING REQUIREMENT YEAR No. Training Required COURSE NAME LEVEL Trained and in Service Meteorology Degree , Climatology Degree Software Engineering Degree Information Technology Degree Electric Engineering Degree Seismology Diploma Human Resource Management Advanced Diploma , Meteorology PHD Climatology Masters , Seismology Degree Air pollution / Environmental Science Degree Oceanography Degree

33 RESEARCH Learn more about DYNAMO: Act on your findings!

34 RESEARCH Act on your findings!

35 PUBLICATION Panel News Maldives contributed information on significant weather and new developments in the meteorological service to Panel s News Letters. SMRC News Letter MMS shares weather and related activities information with SAARC Meteorological Research Center s News Letter. Annual Climate Report Maldives Meteorological Service publishes Annual Climate Report every year. Act on your findings!

36 Fenfushi in central Maldives - 20 April 2016 Thank you

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