Final City of Colusa STREETS & ROADWAYS MASTER PLAN. October J Street Suite 390 Sacramento, CA 95814

Transcription

1 Final City of Colusa STREETS & ROADWAYS MASTER PLAN October J Street Suite 390 Sacramento, CA 95814

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION... 1 Report Organization...1 II. ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY... 2 III. EXISTING CONDITIONS... 6 Roadway System Description...6 Traffic Operations...6 Other Related Plans...6 IV. TRAVEL DEMAND FORECASTING MODEL DEVELOPMENT...10 Base Year Model Development Base Year Model Validation Results Future Year Land Use Forecast Development Future Year Roadway Network Assumptions V. ROADWAY SYSTEM DEFICIENCIES Conditions Traffic Operations General Plan Buildout Conditions Traffic Operations VI. PROPOSED ROADWAY SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS...24 Improvements Required Under 2030 Conditions Costs of 2030 Improvement Projects Improvements Required Under General Plan Buildout VII. STREETS AND ROADS MASTER PLAN FUNDING...40 State and Federal Roadway Funding Programs What is an Impact Fee? DUE Factors City-wide Impact Fee APPENDICES Appendix A TransCAD Model Existing Land Use Database Appendix B TransCAD Model Trip Generation Rates Appendix C TransCAD Model 2030 TAZ Boundary Map and Land Use Database Appendix D TransCAD Model General Plan Buildout TAZ Boundary Map and Land Use Database

3 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Daily Roadway Segment Capacity and LOS... 3 Table 2 Daily Intersection Capacity from California MUTCD for Rural Areas... 4 Table 2 Base Year Land Use Validation Table 3 Single Family Dwelling Unit Trip Generation Validation Table 4 Base Year TransCAD Model Validation Table Conditions Development Forecast Table 6 General Plan Buildout Conditions Forecast Table Proposed Project Cost Estimates Table 8 Proposed DUE Factors Table 9 Existing Conditions to 2030 Conditions DUE Growth Table 10 Comparison of Northern California Transportation Impact Fees... 42

4 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Functional Classification and Number of Lanes Existing Conditions... 5 Figure 2 Roadway Segment Daily Traffic Volumes and LOS Existing Conditions... 7 Figure 3 Base Year TransCAD Model TAZ Map Figure 4 Planned and Assumed Roadway Improvements 2030 Conditions Figure 5 Roadway Improvements General Plan Buildout Conditions Figure 6 Roadway Segment Daily Traffic Volumes and LOS 2030 Without Improvement Conditions Figure 7 Roadway Segment Daily Traffic Volumes and LOS General Plan Buildout Without Improvement Conditions Figure 8A 2030 Conditions Proposed Improvements - Overview Figure 8B 2030 Conditions Proposed Improvements - State Route 45/Lurline Avenue Figure 8C 2030 Conditions Proposed Improvements - State Route 20/Will S. Green Avenue Figure 8D 2030 Conditions Proposed Improvements 10 th Street Figure 8E 2030 Conditions Proposed Improvements Market Street/Bridge Street Figure 8F 2030 Conditions Proposed Improvements Bridge Street Figure 9 Lane Requirements 2030 With Improvement Conditions Figure 10 Roadway Segment Daily Traffic Volumes and LOS 2030 With Improvement Conditions 34 Figure 11 General Plan Buildout Conditions Proposed Improvements - Overview Figure 12 Lane Requirements General Plan Buildout With Improvement Conditions Figure 13 Roadway Segment Daily Traffic Volumes and LOS General Plan Buildout With Improvement Conditions... 39

5 I. INTRODUCTION The City of Colusa General Plan was adopted by the City Council on October 30, The General Plan is a comprehensive long-term vision for development within the City of Colusa. In addition to providing guidance on how the City s land uses will change over time, the document describes the infrastructure improvements that are considered necessary to accommodate population and employment growth associated with new development. One of the General Plan s key infrastructure components is the Circulation Element, which contains the major roadway improvements that should be constructed under buildout conditions to adequately accommodate projected travel demand on City roadways. The Circulation Element identifies the following Implementing Action: CIR-1.1.a: Streets and Roadways Master Plan The City will prepare, adopt, and periodically update a Streets and Roadways Master Plan that establishes level of service (LOS) C as the minimum acceptable LOS for City streets and intersections, except in the downtown area on SR 20/45 and SR 20 (Market, Bridge, 10th, and Main Streets), where LOS D is established as the minimum acceptable LOS, consistent with Caltrans LOS standards for state highways through urban areas. If conditions of LOS D or worse are already present, future proposed projects may not cause roadway volumes to increase by five percent or more and will be accompanied by other mitigation measures intended to reduce trip generation. This report addresses each objective listed above and contains the technical information used in developing the proposed roadway and intersection improvements. Readers should note that this report focuses mostly on roadways/intersections because the City of Colusa General Plan addresses other components of the transportation system such as travel by public transit, bicycle, and walking in the Circulation Element. This report also provides recommendations on an update to the existing traffic impact fee program for the City of Colusa. REPORT ORGANIZATION The remainder of this report contains the following eight chapters: Chapter II - Analysis Methodology Chapter III - Existing Conditions Chapter IV - Travel Demand Forecasting Model Development Chapter V - Roadway System Deficiencies Chapter VI - Proposed Roadway Improvements Chapter VII 2030 Roadway Improvement Costs Chapter VIII Streets and Roads Master Plan Funding City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page - 1 -

6 II. ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY Roadway segment and intersection operations were analyzed for collectors, arterials, state highways, and key intersections throughout the City of Colusa and its sphere of influence under existing (2009), year 2030, and General Plan Buildout conditions. The results of the operations analysis will be used to develop the recommended roadway and intersection improvements for this Streets and Roadways Master Plan (SRMP). Note that the General Plan Buildout data is provided for informational purposes only and no infrastructure cost or impact fee data will be estimated for this scenario. The basic structure of the analysis methodology followed these six key steps: 1. Collect existing data including roadway segment and intersection geometrics, functional classification, and daily roadway segment and intersection traffic volumes; 2. Develop daily capacity and level of service thresholds for roadway segments and intersections; 3. Analyze existing daily roadway segment/intersection operations and identify deficiencies; 4. Generate year 2030 and General Plan buildout peak hour traffic forecasts for the existing roadway system using the City of Colusa Travel Demand Forecasting (TDF) model (that was constructed for this project see Section IV) and land use projections provided by the City, based on historic growth patterns and buildout of the General Plan; 5. Analyze year 2030 and General Plan buildout daily roadway segment and intersection operations without improvements and identify deficiencies; and 6. Test improvement options until all roadway segments and intersections operate within acceptable service levels. Existing conditions traffic count data was collected for the General Plan and as part of various development project reviews between 2007 and The existing land use inventory was collected by City staff in spring of 2009 and verified using data from the California Department of Finance, the US Census Bureau, and the California Economic Development Department. Roadway Segment Capacities Daily roadway segment capacities and LOS thresholds were developed specifically for the SRMP update based thresholds from Sacramento County, and the City of Colusa General Plan. These capacities and LOS thresholds were used to perform daily roadway segment traffic operations analysis for City roadways. The analysis relies on levels of service (LOS) to qualitatively describe traffic operations, which vary from LOS A (the best) to LOS F (worst). Because of the range in service levels, separate capacity estimates are identified for LOS A through F according to three roadway functional classifications: (1) highways; (2) arterials; and (3) collectors 1. These functional classifications are defined below: State Routes: These roads are part of the state highway system outside of the core area of the City and traffic consists largely of regional trips. State Routes are characterized by high speeds (over 45 miles per hour), fairly limited access, and low intersection density. Because 1 Local roads are not included in the analysis because they carry low volumes of traffic and are not anticipated to need any improvements to maintain acceptable service levels over the life of this plan. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page - 2 -

7 of the higher speeds and reduced access, these roads have the highest capacity of any functional class. Examples of State Routes include State Route 20/45 east/south of Wescott Road, State Route 20 west of Harris Street, and State Route 45 north of Neva Avenue. These roads also tend to have turn lanes at major intersections or a continuous two-way left-turn lane to maintain throughput and minimize conflicts with turning vehicles. Arterials: These roadways are intended to move traffic through and around the City and to provide access to key activity centers and attractions. Arterials provide greater access than highways, but are still intended to serve as high-capacity corridors. Bridge Street between Wescott Road and Market Street, 10 th Street between Harris Street and Market Street, and Market Street/State Route 45 between Neva Avenue and Bridge Street are examples of arterials in Colusa. Note that the City of Colusa General Plan defines Arterials as the state highways that traverse the City. However, they also define a secondary set of collectors that act as arterials (which include the non-state portions of 10 th Street, and Bridge Street, as well as Main Street). For the purposes of this SRMP, arterials are treated as distinct from collector streets and include high-capacity roadways that are not part of the state highway system. A distinction in capacity is made between arterials with left-turn lanes (or the ability for vehicles to bypass a left-turning vehicle) and those without left-turn lanes, as the presence of a left-turn lane increases the capacity of the roadway. Collectors: These medium-capacity roadways provide a connection between local streets and the arterial network. Collector streets also provide access to minor attractions like small shopping centers, schools, parks, and offices. Key collectors in Colusa include Fremont Street between 13 th Street and Bridge Street, Wescott Road, Main Street, and 5 th Street. Figure 1, located at the end of this chapter, shows a map of the roadway functional classifications in Colusa. Table 1 contains the LOS thresholds according to functional classification. Functional Classification Highway Arterial TABLE 1 DAILY ROADWAY SEGMENT CAPACITY AND LOS Lanes Roadway Segment Capacity LOS A LOS B LOS C LOS D LOS E 2 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20, ,000 28,000 32,000 36,000 40,000 2 without left-turn lane 2 with leftturn lane 4,600 7,000 9,200 11,300 13,300 9,000 10,500 12,000 14,700 17, ,000 21,000 24,000 27,000 30,000 Collector 2 4,000 5,800 7,700 9,200 10,900 Sources: Traffic Impact Analysis Guidelines, County of Sacramento, July General Plan, City of Colusa, October Fehr & Peers, The capacities in Table 1 are used to analyze daily roadway segment traffic operations under existing (2009), 2030, and General Plan Buildout conditions. Deficiencies are identified if the roadway segment LOS exceeds the City s threshold as defined in Implementing Action CIR- 1.1.a, which defines a LOS C threshold for City owned and maintained streets and an LOS D City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page - 3 -

8 threshold for state highway facilities. Intersection Capacities Intersection capacities for the SRMP are based on an average daily traffic signal warrant from Part 4 of the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) (Caltrans, September 26, 2006). The California MUTCD defines two conditions related to daily average traffic flow that it recommends be met before a signal be considered for an intersection 2. Table 2 presents the capacities for the two conditions in rural areas. TABLE 2 DAILY INTERSECTION CAPACITY FROM CALIFORNIA MUTCD FOR RURAL AREAS Condition Condition A Minimum Vehicular Volume Condition B Interruption of Continuous Traffic Major Road Lanes Minor Road Average Daily Volume Capacity Major Road (sum of both approaches) Minor Road (highest volume approach) 1 1 5,600 1, ,600 2, ,720 1, ,720 2, , ,400 1, , ,080 1,120 Note: For the warrant to be satisfied, both Conditions must be met to within 80% of the capacities shown. The satisfaction of a traffic signal warrant shall not in itself require the installation of a traffic control signal. There are several other traffic signal warrants that should also be considered prior to the installation of a traffic signal. Source: California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, Caltrans, September 26, For any intersection that satisfies the daily traffic signal warrant, a roundabout could also be considered as an alternative traffic control device. Roundabouts often require additional right of way, but offer benefits in terms of lower maintenance costs, improved aesthetics, and lower rates of severe auto crashes. Additional studies and approvals may be required for roundabouts on the state highway system. 2 There are several other signal warrants listed in the California MUTCD that should also be performed prior to the installation of a traffic signal. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page - 4 -

9 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave 13th St 10th St 7th St Fremont St 5th St Bridge St E Webster St E Clay St 8th St Colusa Ave 3rd St LEGEND Class Highway Arterial with Left-Turn Lanes Arterial without Left-Turn Lanes Collector Local Existing Traffic Signal Will S Green Ave Wescott Rd All other roadways are 2 lanes unless specified differently on the map. N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig01_func_class.mxd FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION, NUMBER OF LANES AND LOCATION OF TRAFFIC SIGNALS - EXISTING CONDITIONS FIGURE 1

10 III. EXISTING CONDITIONS This chapter presents the results of the existing conditions analysis for roadway segments and intersections in the City of Colusa. The analysis is important to understand current traffic conditions in the City and can assist in developing and prioritizing a set of roadway improvements. ROADWAY SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Figure 1 displays the existing functional classification, number of travel lanes, and location of traffic signals for each roadway in the study area. In general, the City s roadway system is based on a grid of streets; however the newer development in the southern portion of the City has less well-defined eastwest connections. The grid of streets that characterizes the older portion of the City has the tendency to spread traffic around since there are multiple paths to the same destination. The cul-de-sacs and circuitous routing that typifies the southern portion of the City tends to concentrate traffic on fewer streets, but can also make walking and biking a less desirable travel option since routes are often less direct. With the exception of Market Street between 10 th Street and 1 st Street, all the roadways in Colusa have two travel lanes; the segment of Market Street described above has four travel lanes. The majority of the streets within the study area also lack left-turn lanes, which are a design feature that can increase capacity of roadways. The only roadway segments in the study area that have left-turn lanes are Market Street/State Route 45 between Lurline Avenue and Bridge Street and State Route 20/45 (Bridge Street) between Carson Street and the southern edge of the study area (although the Wescott Road/State Route 20/45 intersection lacks left-turn lanes). In addition, the intersection of State Route 20/Will S. Green Avenue includes a westbound left-turn lane. TRAFFIC OPERATIONS Figure 2 presents the results of the existing conditions roadway segment operations and daily signal warrant analyses. As shown in the figure, all roadways in Colusa currently operate at an acceptable LOS. The LOS D conditions that exist on Bridge Street, between Market Street and Westcott Road, meet the General Plan threshold of LOS D on state highways and therefore do not constitute a deficiency. Figure 2 indicates that the daily traffic signal warrant is currently satisfied at the following intersections. The installation of traffic signals at these locations is identified in the current traffic impact fee program. 10 th Street/Market Street State Route 20/45/Wescott Road OTHER RELATED PLANS There are several plans that could impact the SRMP. These plans are described below. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page - 6 -

11 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave th St 10th St 6.6 Fremont St th St 5th St Bridge St 10.6 E Webster St E Clay St Colusa Ave 0.4 8th St rd St Will S Green Ave Wescott Rd LEGEND Level of Service 1.0 A - C D Existing Traffic Signal Intersection Meets Daily Traffic Volume Signal Warrant Average Daily Traffic Volume (x1,000) 10.8 N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig02_existing_LOS.mxd AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUME, LEVEL OF SERVICE AND SIGNAL WARRANT RESULTS - EXISTING CONDITIONS FIGURE 2

12 The Colusa County RTP lists several road rehabilitation projects in the area and a new signal at the 10 th Street/Market Street intersection, which is scheduled to be operational in There are several unfunded projects listed in the RTP (e.g., Market Street south/east extension to State Route 20/45, Market Street extension east to Moon Bend Road, North-South Collector from Market Street Extension to Moon Bend Road, and the Colusa Avenue extension between 8 th Street and 3 rd Street). The unfunded projects listed in the RTP are consistent with the planned circulation system shown in the City s General Plan. Major Development Plans As part of the General Plan process, several major development proposals were included as special planning areas. Based on discussions with City staff, it is anticipated that these special planning areas will accommodate much of the City s future growth and will be instrumental in constructing and funding the City s SRMP. The key development plans are described below. Brookins Ranch (General Plan Special Plan Area 2) The Brookins Ranch property consists of a 161 acre vacant site located on unincorporated land adjacent to the southwest boundary of the City limit. It is bounded on the west by Will S. Green Avenue, on the north by Colusa High School, on the east by the Tennant Estates subdivision (approximately one-quarter mile west of Wescott Road), and on the south by the old railroad right-ofway. The project proposes to construct approximately 600 single-family homes, several parks, and a fire station. Brookins Ranch is proposed to construct a modified grid street system, which would provide two access points at the north by extending 5th and 8th Streets, three connections to Will S. Green Avenue, and a connection to Tennant Drive. Colusa Crossings (General Plan Special Plan Area 3) Colusa Crossings proposes a mix of uses including low-, medium, and high-density residential units; an elementary school site; a neighborhood or community park and other open space to serve the residents; and a mix of commercial uses to serve local residents and travelers along State Route 20. While more detailed plans for this project have not been developed, it is anticipated that the project would construct or fund an extension of Will S. Green Avenue north of State Route 20, potentially connecting with Wilson Avenue. In addition, a new collector/arterial road that is planned on the old railroad right of way passes through the Colusa Crossings site. Ultimately, this new collector/arterial is planned to extend between Lurline Avenue and Wescott Road; however, this road may not be required until a considerable amount of new development is present in the southern portion of the City. Colusa Riverbend (General Plan Special Plan Area 4) Colusa Riverbend encompasses approximately 442 acres in the northeast and eastern portion of Colusa s Planning Area. The Colusa Riverbend planning area is roughly bounded by the Sacramento River to the north and east, Highway 20/45 to the west, and Moon Bend Road to the south. The General Plan indicates that the 76 acre portion of the project that is located within the existing City limits be developed initially as Phase 1 of the project, and that the remainder be developed subsequently. This SPA is comprised mostly of unincorporated County land with multiple owners; the exception is the northern 80-acre parcel (formerly known as Riverbend), which is located within the City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page - 8 -

13 City limits and designated as low density and medium density residential in the City of Colusa General Plan. The remaining unincorporated land is designated as a mix of residential densities (which are lower approaching the Sacramento River and higher approaching State Route 20) and office professional/light industrial along State Route 20. The key roadways planned in Colusa Riverbend are consistent with those shown in the General Plan and include the Market Street extension, the extension of East Carson Street (Darling Lane), and the extension of D Street. Colusa Industrial Park (General Plan Special Plan Area 5) The proposed Colusa Industrial Park development is located at the northern end of the Colusa Industrial Properties complex, just south of the existing golf course. The County of Colusa Planning Department is currently processing a proposal to develop the site with a mix of residential, commercial, and recreation uses. The project, if approved, would result in an urbanized development outside of the city limits, consisting of approximately 50 acres of residential land to be developed with 200 single-family homes; a high-density residential complex; approximately 28 acres of commercial uses (e.g., motel, restaurant, and other highway commercial services); approximately 56 acres of open space to be developed as a nine-hole golf course facility, and a separate wastewater treatment plant. As the Colusa Industrial Park project more fully develops, it is anticipated that the project would construct part of and/or fund an extension of Farinon Road between Wescott Road and State Route 20/45. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page - 9 -

14 IV. TRAVEL DEMAND FORECASTING MODEL DEVELOPMENT The previous chapter described the results of the existing conditions traffic operations analysis. To analyze future traffic operations, Fehr & Peers developed a new travel demand forecasting (TDF) model for the City. This chapter describes the base year TDF model development process, summarizes the calibration and validation process, and discusses the assumptions related to the future year land use forecasts. BASE YEAR MODEL DEVELOPMENT When developing a new travel model, an existing conditions or base year travel model is developed first. While this model is not directly used for the SRMP traffic analysis, this version of the model is important for establishing basic model settings. The model settings are calibrated to match observed land use and traffic counts, a process which is described in the following section. To develop the base year model inputs, Fehr & Peers used street GIS centerline files from a nationwide database provided with the TransCAD TDF model development software. The number of lanes, functional classifications, and speed limits were verified by reviewing the General Plan and through site visits. In addition, the location of traffic control devices (stop signs, traffic signals) were documented through field visits. Land use data were developed by City of Colusa staff based on assessors parcel data, aerial photos, and field visits. These land use data were aggregated into 196 traffic analysis zones (TAZs), which are shown on Figure 3. The land use data are summarized by TAZ in Appendix A. Traffic counts at two residential cul-de-sacs were also collected to establish a basic residential trip generation rate. Information related to traffic generated by the Colusa Casino was gathered from an environmental impact report for the Casino s proposed expansion (Colusa Casino Expansion - Environmental Evaluation, Analytical Environmental Services, April 2007) and external travel data were gathered from the 2000 US Census (journey to work information) and the Census Transportation Planning Package. BASE YEAR MODEL VALIDATION RESULTS With the base year roadway and land use data entered into TransCAD, several model input variables were validated against external data sources. Also model settings (trip lengths, intersection delays, speed limits, etc.) were calibrated such that model output matched observed traffic counts. This section documents the results of the model validation. Land Use Validation As described above, the City of Colusa performed a detailed survey of land uses for input to the TransCAD model. As an initial validation check, Fehr & Peers compared the data entered into the TransCAD model to data from state sources compiled by CSU Chico. Table 2 presents the results of the comparison. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

15 Colusa Princeton Rd Wilson Ave Lurline Ave Will S Green Ave Colus Ave 186 8th St Market St 7th St Fremont St 3rd St Wescott Rd Butte Slough Rd E Clay St LEGEND 190 Traffic Analysis Zone 10 N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig03_taz_baseyr.mxd BASE YEAR TRANSCAD MODEL TAZ FIGURE 3

16 TABLE 2 BASE YEAR LAND USE VALIDATION Land Use Category TransCAD Model State Data Sources 1 Households 2,025 2,123 Employment 2,617 2,900 Source: 1 Colusa County 2008 Economic & Demographic Profile, Center for Economic Development, CSU Chico, As shown in Table 2, the land use data collected by the City and input into the TransCAD model closely matches data from state sources. Trip Generation Validation The data collection effort for developing the TransCAD model included collection of two-day traffic counts at two locations in Colusa. One location was on Palm Avenue just north of Lurline Avenue and the other was on 3 rd Street just south of Yosemite Way. These locations were chosen because they are at the entrance to a residential cul-de-sac and the average single family household trip generation rate can be measured. The results of the trip generation measurement is summarized in Table 3 and compared against the TransCAD model output and a national average trip generation rate from Trip Generation (Institute of Transportation Engineers, 8 th Edition, 2008) TABLE 3 SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING UNIT TRIP GENERATION VALIDATION Land Use Category Observed Data TransCAD Model National Average Single Family Dwelling Unit 12.4 trips per day 12.3 trips per day 9.5 trips per day Source: Fehr & Peers, 2009 Table 3 shows that the TransCAD model closely matched the observed trip generation rate per single family dwelling unit, which is significantly higher than the national average trip generation rate. Appendix B summarizes the trip generation rates per unit for all the land use categories in the TransCAD model. Traffic Volume Validation With the land use and trip generation rates validated against external sources, the TransCAD model was run and the results were compared to daily traffic counts collected at various locations around the City. Caltrans has a set of model validation guidelines that provide recommended levels of correspondence between model volumes and traffic counts. These guidelines are shown in Table 4, below. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

17 Based on the results of the model volume and traffic count comparison, model network and land use parameters were adjusted to better match counts. Examples of model modifications include changing intersection delays, changing roadway link speeds, changing driveway (centroid connector) locations, and adjusting land use quantities between adjacent TAZs. The process of running the model, comparing the model volume results to the traffic counts, and modifying model parameters was repeated until the Colusa TransCAD model met the Caltrans model validation guidelines. Table 4 compares the results of the final model run against the Caltrans validation guidelines. The results indicate that the model met the guidelines for all the criteria. Based on these results, Fehr & Peers considers the base year model to be validated. TABLE 4 BASE YEAR TRANSCAD MODEL VALIDATION Validation Criterion Caltrans Guideline Colusa TransCAD Model Percentage of roadway links within deviation standard Sum of two-way traffic volumes (model versus traffic count) Greater than 75% 79% ±10% -8% Root mean squared error Less than 40% 26% Correlation coefficient Greater than Source: Fehr & Peers, FUTURE YEAR LAND USE FORECAST DEVELOPMENT Validating the base year model is an important step because the future year model is developed from the base year model by updating the land use file, the roadway network file, and some factors related to external travel. This section describes how the following two future year land use forecasts were developed Conditions General Plan Buildout Conditions 2030 Conditions Development Forecast The 2030 Conditions development forecast was developed by reviewing the historic growth trends in Colusa over the last 20 years. Extending the historic growth rate forward to 2030 would yield approximately 700 new dwelling units and 1,000 new jobs. Assuming that the existing proportion of employment by sector (e.g., retail, service, industrial) stays the same in the future, the job growth translates into approximately 560,000 square feet of new non-residential space 3. Table 5 presents the land use growth assumptions under 2030 conditions. 3 The City of Colusa TransCAD model uses 1,000 square feet of building space as the unit of analysis for non-residential uses. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

18 TABLE CONDITIONS DEVELOPMENT FORECAST Residential Growth Non Residential Growth Growth Area Dwelling Units Share of Growth Square Feet Share of Growth Colusa Riverbend % 0 0% Colusa Crossings % 196,000 35% Brookins Ranch 40 6% 0 0% Colusa Industrial Park (northern part of Airport Influence Area) % 116,580 21% Airport Influence Area 0 0% 0 0% Infill Areas (redevelopment of existing/vacant properties) Southwest Area (south of SR 20, west of Will S. Green Avenue) 40 6% 64,150 11% 0 0% 183,000 33% Total % 560, % Source: Fehr & Peers, The residential land use totals shown in Table 5 assume that growth is fairly well spread across the City s major development areas. Much of the growth is anticipated to occur in the Colusa Riverbend and Colusa Crossings project areas. However, based on a discussion with City and County staff, a significant quantity of multi-family residential is also expected to develop in the Colusa Industrial Park area, adjacent to the golf course. The Brookins Ranch area is not anticipated to develop as quickly because of challenges related to annexing the unincorporated properties north of the project site. However, some growth in this area is reasonable to expect, along with some redevelopment of the large parcels located north of Brookins Ranch (represented in the Infill Areas row of Table 5). The non-residential land use totals shown in Table 5 indicate that non-residential portion of the project currently proposed in the Colusa Industrial Park area builds out. In addition, it is assumed that the Pirelli plant along Will S. Green Avenue is reoccupied. Per the discussions with City and Colusa County Staff, the remainder of the non-residential development is allocated to the Colusa Crossings development area and infill areas along Market and Bridge Streets. See Appendix C for an updated TAZ map and a detailed land use table by TAZ under 2030 conditions. General Plan Buildout Conditions Forecast Assuming buildout of the General Plan, the City of Colusa will have approximately 7,300 new dwelling units and 5.9 million square feet of non-residential space 4. This growth translates into a 335 percent increase in the number of dwelling units and a 533 percent increase in the amount of non-residential space. 4 Based on an average density buildout of the land uses allowed in the City and Sphere of Influence areas. Source: Colusa General Plan Draft Master Environmental Impact Report, City of Colusa, July City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

19 While it is not explicitly defined in the General Plan EIR, the document notes that the majority of the residential growth will occur in the City s major development areas, with the remainder occurring in vacant areas within the City s Sphere of Influence. The General Plan EIR is also not specific about the location of new non-residential development. However, based on the descriptions of the major development areas and the proposed land use map in the General Plan, Fehr & Peers assumed that much of the non-residential growth will take place along the State Route 20/45 corridor near the airport and on the west side of the City along State Route 20 and Will S. Green Avenue. Table 6 presents the residential and non-residential allocation, by area, for the General Plan Buildout Forecast. See Appendix D for an updated TAZ map and a detailed land use table by TAZ for General Plan Buildout conditions. Appendix D also contains a detailed land use assumptions memo that was reviewed and approved by City and County staff. TABLE 6 GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT CONDITIONS FORECAST Residential Growth Non Residential Growth Growth Area Dwelling Units Share of Growth Square Feet Share of Growth Colusa Riverbend (Phases 1 and 2) 2,530 36% 480,000 8% Colusa Crossings 1,380 19% 275,000 5% Brookins Ranch 600 8% 0 0% Colusa Industrial Park 253 4% 547,000 9% Airport Influence Area 0 0% 1,350,000 23% Infill Areas (redevelopment of existing/vacant properties) 100 1% 84,000 1% Northwest Area (north of Wilson Avenue, west of 14th Avenue/SR 45) Southwest Area (south of SR 20, west of Will S. Green Avenue) South Area (along Wescott Road, south of existing development) Southeast Area (south of Moon Bend Road, east of SR 20) Annexation (growth in City related to annexation of existing development) 1,124 16% 800,000 14% 0 0% 1,500,000 25% 600 8% 0 0% 500 7% 814,000 14% 335 5% 50,000 1% Total 7, % 5,900, % Source: Fehr & Peers, City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

20 FUTURE YEAR ROADWAY NETWORK ASSUMPTIONS Based on a review of various roadway planning documents (Colusa County Regional Transportation Plan, Caltrans Transportation Concept Reports), the only planned and funded roadway project is the signalization of the 10 th Street/Market Street intersection (with the exception of maintenance projects). Given the limited set of planned and funded improvements, there were very few modifications made to the roadway network under 2030 Conditions. The only changes were related to adding new centroid connectors to accommodate the growth shown in Table 5. In addition, it was assumed that Will S. Green would be extended northerly to provide access to development in the Colusa Crossings area. Figure 4 shows the roadway improvements assumed under 2030 Conditions. Under General Plan Buildout Conditions, additional local roads and collectors were added to accommodate the large amount of growth anticipated under that scenario. For the most part, the new roads are internal to, or along the frontage of the major development areas and would be required to provide access to the built-out developments. The new collector roads were assumed to be constructed per the circulation map shown in the General Plan. Aside from the new roads described above, no additional capacity expanding projects were assumed. Figure 5 shows the roadway improvements assumed under General Plan Buildout conditions. A summary of the major new roadway improvements is described below. Market Street Extension (east of Bridge Street) North-South Collector (Market Street Extension to Moon Bend Road) East Carson Street Extension (D Street to North-South Collector) Colusa Avenue Extension (8 th Street to 3 rd Street) Colusa Industrial Property East-West Collector (Farinon Road extension between SR 20/45 and Westcott Road) 3 rd Street Extension 5 th Street Extension (south to Old Railroad collector) 8 th Street Extension (south to Old Railroad collector) Will S. Green Extension (SR 20 to Wilson Avenue) Old Railroad right-of-way collector City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

21 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave 13th St 10th St 7th St Fremont St 5th St Bridge St E Webster St E Clay St 8th St Colusa Ave 3rd St Will S Green Ave Wescott Rd LEGEND New Roadway N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig04_rd_improv_2030.mxd ASSUMED BASELINE ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS CONDITIONS FIGURE 4

22 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave 13th St 10th St 7th St Fremont St 5th St Bridge St E Webster St E Clay St 8th St Colusa Ave 3rd St Will S Green Ave Wescott Rd Moon Bend Rd Sunrise Bl LEGEND New Roadway Farinon Rd N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig05_rd_improv_bo.mxd ASSUMED BASELINE ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS - GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT CONDITIONS FIGURE 5

23 V. ROADWAY SYSTEM DEFICIENCIES Using the future year TDF models described in the previous chapter, traffic forecasts for 2030 and General Plan Buildout conditions were developed. This chapter describes how the additional traffic under future conditions will impact roadway segment and intersection operations. Roadway segment LOS deficiencies and locations where the average daily traffic signal warrant is satisfied are also identified CONDITIONS TRAFFIC OPERATIONS Based on the results of the 2030 Conditions TransCAD model run, all the roadways in the City are expected to operate at an acceptable LOS with the exception of the following: Bridge Street between Market Street and Fremont Street LOS F Bridge Street between Fremont Street and Wescott Road LOS E Note that while Bridge Street between Fremont Street and Wescott Road does not meet the City s LOS standard, it does meet the LOS E standard defined in the State Route 20 Transportation Concept Report, published by Caltrans. This analysis addresses the need to widen roads to provide additional capacity. It does not identify enhancements of existing roadways where improvements are needed to bring them up to current city standards to serve new development. These improvements (e.g., to streets such as D Street, Will S. Green Avenue, etc.) will be addressed separately through individual entitlement actions for new development areas. These improvements may be added to the fee program in the future. The results of the signal warrant analysis indicate that the following intersections will meet the daily traffic signal warrant under 2030 conditions: State Route 45/Lurline Avenue 10 th Street/Fremont Street 10 th Street/Sioc Street State Route 20/45/Wescott Road* Note that the State Route 20/45/Wescott Road intersection satisfied the traffic signal warrant under existing conditions. However, because the traffic volumes increased by more than 5 percent, this intersection is considered to be deficient under 2030 conditions as well. The 2030 traffic operations analysis indicated that service levels along State Route 20 near the Will S. Green Avenue intersection are expected to be acceptable despite the additional development assumed in the Colusa Crossings development area 5. A closer review of the analysis results indicate that one of the two daily traffic signal warrants is met for the State Route 20/Will S. Green intersection, which indicates that the intersection is on the threshold of requiring a traffic signal or roundabout to maintain adequate operations. Additionally, since State Route 20 does not have turn lanes in the 5 Fehr & Peers assumed that the access to the Colusa Crossings project would be consolidated at a new northbound extension of Will S. Green Avenue. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

24 vicinity of the Colusa Crossings project (except at Will S. Green Avenue) any new driveways or streets could deteriorate the service levels quickly unless new turn lanes are constructed. Similarly, the results of the signal warrant analysis at the Market Street/Bridge Street intersection indicate that the intersection is on the verge of meeting the daily traffic signal warrant. In addition, a more detailed traffic study of Phase 1 of Colusa Riverbend project indicated that a traffic signal is required at this intersection to provide adequate intersection operations and access to the project. Figure 6 presents the results of the 2030 conditions daily traffic operations and signal warrant analyses. Proposed improvements are presented in Chapter VI. GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT CONDITIONS TRAFFIC OPERATIONS As expected, the results of the General Plan Buildout TransCAD model run indicate significantly more traffic congestion than was forecast under 2030 conditions. This result is reasonable given the magnitude of growth forecast under General Plan Buildout conditions, even though there were collector streets assumed to be constructed to serve the major growth areas. The results of the daily roadway segment LOS analysis are presented in Figure 7, and indicate that the following roadway segments are expected to operate at an unacceptable LOS: Lurline Avenue between Grover Avenue and State Route 45 LOS D Market Street between 10th Street and 11th Street LOS F Bridge Street between Market Street and Wescott Road LOS F 10th Street between Harris Street and Fremont Street LOS E State Route 20 between Will S. Green Avenue and Harris Street LOS E State Route 20 between western edge of study area to Will S. Green Avenue LOS F Will S. Green Avenue between State Route 20 and the Pirelli Plant LOS D State Route 20/45 between Wescott Road and southeast edge of study area LOS F Market Street Extension between Carson Street and Moon Bend Road LOS D Mood Bend Road between State Route 20 and Market Street Extension LOS D Farinon Road Extension between Wescott Road and State Route 20/45 LOS D Note that while 10 th Street between Harris Street and Fremont Street does not meet the City s LOS standard, it does meet the Caltrans LOS standard. The results of the signal warrant analysis indicate that the following intersections will meet the daily traffic signal warrant under General Plan Buildout conditions: State Route 45/Lurline Avenue 10 th Street/Fremont Street 10 th Street/Sioc Street Bridge Street/Market Street Bridge Street/Webster Street Bridge Street/Carson Street Bridge Street/Fremont Street State Route 20/45/Wescott Road* City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

25 State Route 20/45/Moon Bend Road State Route 20/Will S. Green Avenue Similar to the 2030 conditions analysis, the intersection marked with an asterisk (*) satisfied the traffic signal warrant under existing conditions. However, because the traffic volumes increased by more than 5 percent between existing conditions and General Plan Buildout conditions, this intersection is considered to be deficient. Figure 7 presents the results of the General Plan Buildout conditions daily traffic operations and signal warrant analyses. Proposed improvements are presented in Chapter VI. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

26 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave th St 10th St Colusa Ave 8th St Fremont St th St 5th St rd St Bridge St E Webster St 1.5 E Clay St LEGEND 12.1 Will S Green Ave 0.8 Wescott Rd Level of Service 13.9 A - C 0.9 D E 2.0 F Existing or Planned Traffic Signal Intersection Meets Daily Traffic Volume Signal Warrant Average Daily Traffic Volume (x1,000) N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig06_2030_LOS.mxd AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUME, LEVEL OF SERVICE AND SIGNAL WARRANT RESULTS WITHOUT IMPROVEMENT CONDITIONS FIGURE 6

27 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave Will S Green Ave th St 10th St Colusa Ave 8th St Fremont St th St 5th St rd St Wescott Rd Bridge St E Webster St 7.1 E Clay St LEGEND 27.5 Level of Service A - C D E F Existing or Planned Traffic Signal Intersection Meets Daily Traffic Volume Signal Warrant 1.0 Average Daily Traffic Volume (x1,000) N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig07_buildout_LOS.mxd AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUME, LEVEL OF SERVICE AND SIGNAL WARRANT RESULTS - GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT WITHOUT IMPROVEMENT CONDITIONS FIGURE 7

28 VI. PROPOSED ROADWAY SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS In the previous chapter, roadway segment and intersection deficiencies were identified for 2030 and General Plan Buildout conditions. This chapter presents improvements to address these deficiencies. The cost of the improvement under 2030 conditions are also estimated at a programmatic level. General Plan Buildout conditions cost estimates are not provided because of the long time horizon of this scenario. The proposed improvements were identified by reviewing the results of the TransCAD model run and comparing the model output volume to the roadway segment and intersection capacities identified in Chapter II. Since additional roadway capacity can lead to shifts in travel patterns and increases in traffic on the expanded roadways, the TransCAD models for 2030 and General Plan Buildout conditions were updated to reflect the proposed improvements. If the results of the updated model run led to any secondary impacts, the project list was modified to address any new roadway segment or intersection deficiencies and the model was run again. This process was repeated until all the deficiencies identified in the previous chapter were addressed. Ponticello Enterprises estimated the cost of the 2030 improvements based on the latest engineering estimates and project bids. IMPROVEMENTS REQUIRED UNDER 2030 CONDITIONS To address the roadway segment and intersection deficiencies identified under 2030 conditions, the following improvements are proposed: Roadways: Widen Bridge Street between Market Street and Fremont Street to provide a third lane for leftturn movements. Widen Bridge Street between Fremont Street and Wescott Road to four lanes with a two-way left-turn lane or dedicated left-turn lanes at major intersections; or Adopt a less stringent LOS threshold on this segment of Bridge Street. Examples include adoption of Caltrans LOS E threshold defined in the State Route 20 Transportation Concept Report or eliminating a LOS threshold altogether given the significant right-of-way impacts related to widening the roadway. Intersections: Install a traffic signal or roundabout at the following intersections: o State Route 45/Lurline Avenue 6 o 10 th Street/Fremont Street o 10 th Street/Sioc Street o Bridge Street/Market Street o State Route 20/45/Wescott Road As described in Chapter V, the segment of State Route 20 in front of the proposed Colusa Crossings development lacks turn lanes, which can lead to significant service level degradation if new driveways or intersections are constructed as part of the project. To maintain high throughput on State Route 20, it is recommended that the majority of the access to the Colusa Crossings development be consolidated at a northern extension of Will S. Green Avenue. As described earlier, this intersection is 6 Because of the close spacing between Lurline Avenue and 13th Street, access at 13th Street may have to be restricted to right-in/right-out only to accommodate queues from the Lurline Avenue intersection. See Figure 8B. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

29 near the threshold of meeting a daily traffic signal warrant, and depending on the final site plan, a signal or roundabout may be required to ensure adequate operations at this intersection. Therefore, as part of the SRMP, a traffic signal or roundabout is recommended at the State Route 20/Will S. Green intersection. In conjunction with the improvement project, construction of a two-way left-turn lane 1,000 feet east and west of the Will S. Green Avenue intersection is also recommended to maintain a high level of mobility on State Route 20. In addition, it is recommended that left-turn lanes be provided at major intersections along 10th Street between Market Street and Harris Street. In general, it appears that there is sufficient pavement width along 10th Street to add these turn lanes by removing on-street parking and restriping the roadway. This improvement is not necessarily triggered by a LOS deficiency on 10th Street, but is needed for safety and operational reasons. Figures 8A through 8E show the proposed roadway and intersection improvements. Figure 9 shows the ultimate 2030 with improvement conditions lane requirements, and Figure 10 shows the average daily traffic volumes, locations of traffic signals/roundabouts, and roadway segment LOS under 2030 with improvement conditions. COSTS OF 2030 IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS Ponticello Enterprises estimated the cost of the proposed 2030 improvement projects based on the latest engineering estimates and project bids. The costs for each project are presented in Table 7 on the following page. Note that the cost estimates do not include right of way acquisition or utility relocation costs, which can add significantly to the cost of a project. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

30 TABLE PROPOSED PROJECT COST ESTIMATES Project Bridge Street widening to four lanes between Fremont Street and Wescott Road Approximately 1,200 linear feet and will involve right of way acquisition and utility relocation. Widening and construction of a two-way left-turn lane on State Route 20 1,000 feet east and 1,000 feet west of Will S. Green Avenue. Add left-turn lanes at major intersections on 10 th Street between Market Street and Harris Street No widening required. Widening and construction of a two-way left-turn lane on Bridge Street between Market Street and Fremont Street Approximately 2,300 linear feet and will involve right of way and utility relocation costs. Install traffic signal or roundabout at State Route 45/Lurline Avenue Cost assumes that intersection widening will be required. May require right of way acquisition. Cost $2.1 million $1.0 million $130,000 $1.5 million $1.0 million Install traffic signal at 10 th Street/Fremont Street $500,000 Install traffic signal at 10 th Street/Sioc Street $500,000 Install traffic signal or roundabout at State Route 20/Will S. Green Avenue Assumes that intersection widening will be required. Install traffic signal or roundabout at Bridge Street/Market Street Assumes that intersection widening and a new east leg will be required. May require right of way acquisition. Install traffic signal or roundabout at State Route 20/45/Wescott Road Assumes that intersection widening will be required. $1.2 million $1.4 million $1.4 million TOTAL COST $9.83 million NOTES: Project Cost Estimates do not include right of way acquisition costs. Project Cost Estimates assume 25% Engineering and 20% Contingency costs. Traffic Signal/Roundabout costs are based on costs for installation of a traffic signal includes all necessary pavement rehab and widening at the intersection. Roundabouts may have higher costs. Source: Ponticello Enterprises, City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

31 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave 13th St 10th St 7th St Fremont St 5th St Bridge St E Webster St E Clay St Colusa Ave 8th St 3rd St Will S Green Ave Wescott Rd LEGEND New Traffic Signal Existing or Planned Traffic Signal Widen to 4 Lanes Add Left-Turn Lanes Construct Collector Road N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig08_rd_improv_2030.mxd OVERVIEW OF PROPOSED ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS CONDITIONS FIGURE 8A

32 SR 45 Lurline Ave G I G I 12th St Market St 13th St LEGEND Traffic Signal N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig08B_rd_improv.mxd PROPOSED ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS CONDITIONS STATE ROUTE 45 / LURLINE AVENUE FIGURE 8B

33 Access to Future Colusa Crossings State Highway 20 N G H G I I H G G N State Highway 20 Access to Future Brookins Ranch Will S. Green Ave Colusa Ave LEGEND Traffic Signal Roundabout Footprint N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig08C_rd_improv.mxd PROPOSED ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS CONDITIONS STATE ROUTE 20 / WILL S. GREEN AVENUE FIGURE 8C

34 11th St 10th St Fremont St G N G N GN GN G 9th St Carson St 8th St 10th St H I Sioc St Harris St LEGEND Traffic Signal N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig08D_rd_improv.mxd PROPOSED ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS CONDITIONS 10th STREET FIGURE 8D

35 G N G G H I N G G N N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig08E_rd_improv.mxd PROPOSED ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS CONDITIONS BRIDGE STREET / MARKET STREET FIGURE 8E

36 Webster St E Webster St Bridge St Lafayette St 1st St Fremont St Carson St E Carson St Sioc St Bridge St G G I I G Louis Ln LEGEND Traffic Signal Roundabout Footprint N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig08F_rd_improv.mxd PROPOSED ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS CONDITIONS BRIDGE STREET FIGURE 8F

37 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave 13th St 10th St 7th St Fremont St 5th St Bridge St E Webster St E Clay St 8th St Colusa Ave 3rd St Will S Green Ave Wescott Rd LEGEND 2 Lanes Without Left-Turn Lanes 2 Lanes With Left-Turn Lanes 4 Lanes With Left-Turn Lanes New Collector N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig09_lanereq_2030w.mxd LANE REQUIREMENTS WITH IMPROVEMENT CONDITIONS FIGURE 9

38 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave th St 10th St Colusa Ave 8th St Fremont St th St 5th St rd St Bridge St E Webster St 1.5 E Clay St 12.1 Will S Green Ave 0.8 Wescott Rd LEGEND 2.0 Level of Service 15.0 A - C D Average Daily Traffic Volume (x1,000) 15.0 N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig10_2030w_LOS.mxd AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUME, LEVEL OF SERVICE AND SIGNAL WARRANT RESULTS WITH IMPROVEMENT CONDITIONS FIGURE 10

39 IMPROVEMENTS REQUIRED UNDER GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT This section identifies improvements required to address roadway segment and intersection deficiencies under General Plan Buildout conditions. The proposed improvements are provided for informational purposes only and no cost estimates are provided. It is anticipated that the SRMP will be updated several times before General Plan Buildout conditions are realized and more detailed information will be presented regarding these improvements in subsequent revisions. To address the roadway segment and intersection deficiencies identified under General Plan Buildout conditions, the following improvements are proposed: Roadways: Upgrade Lurline Avenue (Colusa County) between Grover Avenue and State Route 45 to arterial street standards. Widen Market Street between Lurline Avenue and 10th Street to four lanes with left turn lanes at major intersections. Widen Market Street between 1st Street and Bridge Street to four lanes with left turn lanes at major intersections. Widen Bridge Street between Market Street and Wescott Road to four lanes with left turn lanes at major intersections. Add left turn lanes to 10th Street between Market Street and Fremont Street Widen 10th Street between Harris Street and Fremont Street to four lanes with left turn lanes at major intersections. Widen State Route 20 between the western edge of the study area and Harris Street to four lanes with left turn lanes at major intersections. Upgrade Will S. Green Avenue between 1,000 feet north of State Route 20 and 1,000 feet south of State Route 20 to arterial street standards. Widen State Route 20/45 between Wescott Road and southeast edge of study area to four lanes with left turn lanes at major intersections. Construct the Market Street Extension between Carson Street and Moon Bend Road as a two lane arterial with left-turn lanes at major intersections. Upgrade Mood Bend Road between State Route 20 and the Market Street Extension to arterial street standards and construct left-turn lanes at major intersections. Widen Farinon Road (private road) between the terminus of the new westward extension and State Route 20/45 to four lanes. Intersections: Install a traffic signal or roundabout at the following intersections: o State Route 45/Lurline Avenue o 10 th Street/Fremont Street o 10 th Street/Sioc Street o Bridge Street/Market Street o Bridge Street/Webster Street o Bridge Street/Carson Street o Bridge Street/Fremont Street o State Route 20/45/Wescott Road o State Route 20/45/Moon Bend Road o State Route 20/Will S. Green Avenue City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

40 In addition to the traffic signals or roundabouts identified above, additional intersections may need enhancements to serve the traffic demands of specific development projects. These additional intersection enhancements will be identified though the environmental studies performed for future development projects. Figure 11 shows an overview of the roadway segment and intersection improvements proposed under General Plan buildout. Detailed figures of the improvements are not provided because of the long time horizon of General Plan buildout. Figure 12 shows the ultimate lane requirements under General Plan buildout with improvement conditions, and Figure 13 shows average daily traffic volumes, locations of traffic signals and roundabouts, and roadway segment LOS under General Plan Buildout with improvement conditions. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

41 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave 13th St 10th St Colusa Ave 8th St 7th St Fremont St 5th St 3rd St Bridge St E Webster St E Clay St Will S Green Ave Wescott Rd LEGEND Construct Traffic Signal or Roundabout Add Left-Turn Lanes Existing or Planned Traffic Signal Existing Collector - Designate as Arterial and Construct Improvements Construct Collector Road Future Collector - Designate as Arterial Widen to 4 Lanes with Left-Turn Lane and Construct Improvements N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig11_rd_improv_overview.mxd OVERVIEW OF PROPOSED ROADWAY IMPROVEMENTS - GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT CONDITIONS FIGURE 11

42 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave 13th St 10th St 7th St Fremont St 5th St Bridge St E Webster St E Clay St 8th St Colusa Ave 3rd St Will S Green Ave Wescott Rd LEGEND 2 Lanes Without Left-Turn Lanes 2 Lanes With Left-Turn Lanes 4 Lanes With Left-Turn Lanes New Collector N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig01_func_class.mxd LANE REQUIREMENTS - GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT WITH IMPROVEMENT CONDITIONS FIGURE 12

43 Colusa Princeton Rd Lurline Ave Market St Wilson Ave th St th St 8th St Fremont St th St 5th St Bridge St E Webster St E Clay St Will S Green Ave 10.4 Colusa Ave rd St Wescott Rd LEGEND Level of Service A - C D Average Daily Traffic Volume (x1,000) 27.6 N NOT TO SCALE N:\Projects\SA_Projects\SA08_0136\GIS\MXD\August09\fig13_buildoutw_LOS.mxd AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUME, LEVEL OF SERVICE AND SIGNAL WARRANT RESULTS - GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT WITH IMPROVEMENT CONDITIONS FIGURE 13

44 VII. STREETS AND ROADS MASTER PLAN FUNDING The previous chapter identified a cost of $9.83 million to implement the improvement projects proposed under 2030 conditions. However, as noted in Chapter VI, the City could choose to adopt a less stringent LOS standard for the segment of Bridge Street between Fremont Street and Wescott Road. A less stringent LOS requirement would eliminate the need to widen Bridge Street to four lanes and would reduce the overall cost of the SRMP by $2.1 million, to a total of $7.73 million. This chapter describes the overall transportation finance climate and proposes an impact fee to generate the revenues to pay for the projects in the SRMP. STATE AND FEDERAL ROADWAY FUNDING PROGRAMS Over the past several decades, there has been a steady erosion in the level of funds available for transportation at the state and federal level. For smaller jurisdictions like Colusa, this funding decline translates into very little external funding being available for maintenance, let alone new capacity projects. As described earlier, the only capacity expanding roadway project in the City with external funding sources is a new traffic signal at the 10th Street/Market Street intersection, which is being funded by the State Transportation Improvement Program. A review of the Colusa County Regional Transportation Plan (which is the document which defines how the jurisdictions within the county will allocate state, federal, and local funds to implement transportation projects) indicates that there is $40 million in unfunded maintenance projects and $19 million in unfunded capacity expansion projects in the County of Colusa. Given the existing shortfall of funding available for transportation projects, it is a reasonable to assume that the proposed projects in the SRMP will have to be fully funded through a local development impact fee program. This consumption is conservative in nature, but it will ensure that adequate levels of funds are raised to implement the SRMP. The City can still pursue state and federal funding sources and adjust the level of impact fees in the future. WHAT IS AN IMPACT FEE? A development impact fee is fee that is collected (usually at the time of building permit approval) to fund development of infrastructure that is required as a result of new development. In the City of Colusa, only two deficiencies were identified under existing conditions. Both are included in the existing traffic impact fee program. 10 th Street/Market Street State Route 20/45/Wescott Road As described earlier, there is a fully funded project to construct a traffic signal at 10 th Street/Market Street, so this deficiency is not relevant for future conditions. While the State Route 20/45/Wescott Road intersection met the daily traffic volume signal warrant, the General Plan Environmental Impact Report noted that the intersection did not meet a recent peak hour signal warrant. Since the peak hour signal warrant was not met under existing conditions, a signal is currently not being considered at this location despite some delays present during the peak hours. City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

45 Since existing deficiencies are already accounted for with planned and funded projects, the full cost of the proposed 2030 project list is included in the proposed impact fee. DUE FACTORS Development comes in many forms, from single family homes to warehouse space. To simplify the administration of impact fee programs, most jurisdictions assess fees in terms of dwelling unit equivalents or DUEs. The use of DUEs provides a common basis for comparing the allocation of fee program costs across various land uses. Costs are normalized by expressing all land uses in terms of their relationship to a common unit of measurement based on the traffic generation and travel pattern characteristics of a single family home. As is typical in fee programs, Fehr & Peers proposes using DUE factors based on the PM peak hour trip generation characteristics listed in Trip Generation (8th Edition, Institute of Transportation Engineers, 2008). Table 8 presents the DUE factors for single family homes, multi-family/mobile homes, retail uses, office/service uses, and industrial uses. DUEs can be developed for other land use types based on the PM peak hour trip generation rate. Table 8 has a column for New Trips that is relevant only for retail land uses. New Trips are important since some of the trips that are generated by these uses occur only because the retail store is along the route between an origin and destination (e.g., a grocery store between work and home). Trips that enter a retail facility because of its location in between a primary origin and destination are known as pass-by trips. The Trip Generation Handbook (2nd Edition, Institute of Transportation Engineers, 2004) presents pass-by trip data for a variety of land use types. These trip reductions were taken into account when developing the DUE factors. TABLE 8 PROPOSED DUE FACTORS Land Use Category Unit ITE Code PM Peak Hour Trip Generation Rate New Trips DUE Single Family Residential Dwelling Unit N/A 1.00 Multiple Family Residential/Mobile Homes Dwelling Unit N/A 0.61 Retail 1,000 square feet % 2.44 Office / Service 1 1,000 square feet N/A 1.48 Industrial 1,000 square feet N/A 0.96 Note: 1 Includes lower trip generation uses like medical services and legal services. High trip generating services like dry cleaning and auto services shall be included in the retail category. Source: Fehr & Peers, The DUE factors presented above were applied to the existing conditions and 2030 conditions land use data from the TransCAD model to estimate the growth in DUEs. This calculation is presented in Table 9, which indicates that over 1,300 new DUEs are expected to be developed by City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

46 TABLE 9 EXISTING CONDITIONS TO 2030 CONDITIONS DUE GROWTH Land Use Category Existing Conditions Total 2030 Conditions Total Growth DUE Factor DUE Growth Single Family Residential 1,879 2, Multiple Family Residential Retail Office / Service Industrial TOTAL ,340 Note: 1 Includes lower trip generation uses like medical services and legal services. High trip generating services like dry cleaning and auto services shall be included in the retail category. Source: Fehr & Peers, CITY-WIDE IMPACT FEE The total City-wide impact fee is based on the total costs of the proposed roadway and intersection projects divided by the total growth in DUEs. The result of this calculation is a fee of $7,336 per DUE assuming the Bridge Street widening to four lanes between Fremont Street and Wescott Road is included, and $5,768 per DUE without the Bridge Street widening. As shown in Table 10, the proposed fee is higher than the fees in the Northern Sacramento Valley, but lower than the fees in nearby cities like Yuba City and Winters. TABLE 10 COMPARISON OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA TRANSPORTATION IMPACT FEES Jurisdiction Fee per DUE City of Red Bluff 1 $4,652 City of Corning 1 $4,819 City of Woodland 2 $6,028 City of Winters 3 $8,178 Yuba City 4 $9,098 Proposed City of Colusa Fee $7,336 / $5,768 Sources: Statewide Survey of Traffic Impact Mitigation Fee Programs, Caltrans. 2 Master Public Facilities Program, City of Woodland, City of Winters Development Impact Fees, City of Winters, Effective July 1, Update of the AB 1600 Fee Justification Study, Yuba City, October 10, City of Colusa Streets and Roadways Master Plan Page

47 APPENDIX A TRANSCAD MODEL EXISTING LAND USE DATABASE

48 Colusa TransCAD Model Existing Conditions Land Use Database TAZ ATYPE ATYPE_STRSF_DU MF_DU RET_KSF OFF_KSFMED_KSF OTHER_KK-12_STUCASINO_TRPCASINO_PRDRRET_KSLU_SPARELU_SPARELU_SPARELU_SPARELU_SPARE19 LU_SPARE18LU_SPARE17 LU_SPARLU_SPARLU_SPARLU_SPLU_SPARE12LU_SPARE11LU_SPARE10LU_SPARE09LU_SPARE08LU_SPARE07LU_SPARE06LU_SPARE05LU_SPARE04LU_SPARE03LU_SPARE02LU_SPARE01IX_P IX_A XI_P XI_A 1 1 Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu

49 Colusa TransCAD Model Existing Conditions Land Use Database Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra

50 Colusa TransCAD Model Existing Conditions Land Use Database Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra External External External External External

51 APPENDIX B TRANSCAD MODEL TRIP GENERATION RATES

52 Colusa TransCAD Model Trip Generation Rates Land Use Category Unit Trip Generation per Unit Single Family Households Dwelling Unit Multi-Family Households Dwelling Unit 8.46 Retail/Regional Retail 1,000 Square Feet Office 1,000 Square Feet Medical Office/Hospital 1,000 Square Feet Manufacturing/Other 1,000 Square Feet 6.97 K-12 School Enrolled Students 1.62 Casino Trips/Productions Trips 1.00 Source: Fehr & Peers, 2009.

53 APPENDIX C TRANSCAD MODEL 2030 TAZ BOUNDARY MAP AND LAND USE DATABASE

54 Colusa Princeton Rd }þ Lurline Ave Wilson Ave }þ Will S Green Ave 13th St 29 Colus Ave 10th St Fremont St 8th St 17 Market St 7th St 187 3rd St 5th St Wescott Rd 13 Bridge St E Webster St 5 7 Butte Slough Rd E Clay St Wescott Rd }þ 45 }þ LEGEND 100 TAZ Boundary N NOT TO SCALE N:\2008Projects\SA_Projects\0136_Colusa\Graphics\GIS\MXD\fig0X_TAZ_w_2030Growth.mxd TRAFFIC ANALYSIS ZONES (TAZ) HISTORIC GROWTH RATE

55 Colusa TransCAD Model 2030 Land Use Database TAZ ATYPE ATYPE_STR SF_DU MF_DU RET_KSF OFF_KSF MED_KSF OTHER_KSF K-12_STU CASINO_TRP CASINO_PRD RRET_KSF LU_SPARE23 LU_SPARE22 LU_SPARE21 LU_SPARE20 LU_SPARE19 LU_SPARE18 LU_SPARE17 LU_SPARE16 LU_SPARE15 LU_SPARE14 LU_SPARE13 LU_SPARE12 LU_SPARE11 LU_SPARE10 LU_SPARE09 LU_SPARE08 LU_SPARE07 LU_SPARE06 LU_SPARE05 LU_SPARE04 LU_SPARE03 LU_SPARE02 LU_SPARE01 IX_P IX_A XI_P XI_A 1 1 Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu

56 Colusa TransCAD Model 2030 Land Use Database Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Colu Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra

57 Colusa TransCAD Model 2030 Land Use Database Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra Extra External External External External External

58 APPENDIX D TRANSCAD MODEL GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT TAZ BOUNDARY MAP AND LAND USE DATABASE

59 Colusa Princeton Rd }þ Lurline Ave Wilson Ave }þ Will S Green Ave 13th St 29 Colus Ave 10th St Fremont St 8th St 17 Market St 7th St 187 3rd St 5th St Wescott Rd 13 Bridge St E Webster St Butte Slough Rd E Clay St Wescott Rd }þ 45 }þ LEGEND 100 TAZ Boundary N NOT TO SCALE N:\2008Projects\SA_Projects\0136_Colusa\Graphics\GIS\MXD\fig0X_TAZ_w_2030Buildout.mxd TRAFFIC ANALYSIS ZONES (TAZ) BUILDOUT