IMPAC-T Progress report Variability of Sediment Discharge and Shoreline Change due to Global Warming

Transcription

1 IMPAC-T Progress report Variability of Sediment Discharge and Shoreline Change due to Global Warming SiBUC Research Group Researcher Butsawan Bidorn Water Resources Engineering Dept. Chulalongkorn University Project supervisor Kenji Tanaka DPRI Kyoto University

2 Outline Introduction Objectives Methodology Previous Activities Activities summary Further Activities

3 Introduction In Thailand, coastal land loss due to erosion has been severe for the past decades. The area of upper Gulf of Thailand is an obvious example, with the land loss rates in some area is about 20 m annually.

4 Introduction River sediment supply plays an important role in coastal processes and shoreline change. The increase or decrease in storm rainfall density due to climate change may affect to the quantity of river sediment load to the estuary. Climate change will also affect pattern of wind, wave, and storms which change the way of sediment transport and re-alignment of coastline.

5 Objectives of Study To study variability of Chaophraya River discharge under climate change. To study potential changes in sediment supply to the littoral system from Chaophraya River under climate change. To identify historical changes in the wave and frequency of extreme wave events at the Chaophraya Estuary. To estimate the wind-wave climate change at Chaophraya Estuary in the future due to global warming. To quantify the coastal processes impact of climate change at Chaophraya Estuary especially littoral processes and shoreline changes.

6 Ping river basin, Wang river basin Yom river basin Study area Nan river basin 1) River Study Ping, Wang, Yom, Nan and Chao Phraya 2) Coastal Study Chao Praya Estuary Chaophraya river basin Chaopraya river mouth Source: RID Wave

7 Previous activities : River sedimentary study River field observation -44% River sediment study of 5 rivers in study area 44% Runoff and Sediment discharge study 44% Academic paper 1 abstract submitted

8 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study 4 field observations were carried out in 5 rivers: Ping, Wang, Yom, Nan, and Chao Phraya River. - #1 : Oct 27-24, #2 : Mar 3-8, #3 : Aug 1-6, #4 : Oct 15-20, 2012

9 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study Field observation sites W.4A P.7A P.17 Y.4 Y.41 N.7A N.67 C.38 Source: RID

10 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study Observed parameters for river sediment study River cross section Water level Current Suspended sediment concentration Bed load transport rate

11 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study Flow measurement

12 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study Suspended sediment sampling

13 Previous Activities : river sediment study Bed load sampling

14 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study 1. River flow and sediment transport survey - #1 : Oct 17-24, 2011 During Great flood There were six members of survey team whose houses were flooded during this observation period. Thank you for their professional spirits.

15 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study - River flow and sediment transport survey - #2: March 3-8, 2012 (Ping)

16 Activities in JFY 2012-Now - #2: March 3-8, 2012 (Wang)

17 Activities in JFY 2012-Now - #2: March 3-8, 2012 (Yom)

18 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study - #2: March 3-8, 2012 (Nan)

19 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study - #2: March 3-8, 2012 (Nan)

20 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study - #2: March 3-8, 2012 (Chao Phraya)

21 #3: Aug 1-6, 2012 Activities in JFY 2012-Now c

22 #3: Aug 1-6, 2012 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study

23 #4: Oct 15-20, 2012 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study

24 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study 2. River flow and sediment transport data analysis Station Flow rate Suspended Bed load Total Suspended Bedload Observed RID trans. rate trans. rate load load m3/s ton/day ton/day % % SP01 1,180 1,113 32,266 18,722 50, SP ,398-3, SP SP ,016 2,607 3, SP , , SP SP SW , , SW SW SW SY ,086 3, , SY , SY , SY , SW , ,

25 Activities in JFY 2012: river sediment study 2. Academic paper - The Effects of Thailand Great Flood of 2011 on Sediment Discharge of the Upper Chao Phraya River Basin- IAHR 35th World Congress of the International Association for Hydro- Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), abstract submitted - International Journal of Sediment Research, Impact factor =1.1

26 Previous activities : Coastal sediment study Coastal field observation -60% Historical shoreline changes study 100% Wave statistics study 80% Wave model study 60% Sediment transport study 50% Shoreline change simulation 40%

27 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Oceanographic observation and sediment sampling #1 November 5-6, 2011 #2 December 17-18, 2011 #3 March 1-2, 2012 #4 June 2-3, 2012 #5 Aug 11-12, 2012 #6 Oct Chaophraya river mouth

28 Previous Activities for coastal sediment study Observation equipment and installation

29 Oceanographic parameters 24 hour continuous observation 30 minutes wave characteristic 15 minutes wind speed and direction Hourly water level 10 minutes current speed and direction Hourly Suspended sediment concentration

30 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study The shoreline changes in eastern and western Chao Phraya Estuary were estimated from aerial photograph and satellite data ( ).

31 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Studied shoreline changes at Chao Phraya river mouth and vicinity from aerial photograph and satellite data. -Eastern part of Chaophraya Estuary ( ) -Western part of Chaophraya Estuary ( ) 2011

32 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study -Eastern part of Chao Phraya Estuary ( )

33 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Western part of Chaophraya Estuary ( )

34 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Short term wave characteristics in study area were analyzed using CEDAS model.

35 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Short term wave characteristics in study area were analyzed using CEDAS model. Chao Phraya SIM-01 Wave Height (m) Event: Incident Cond T: 2.5 Hbc: 0.5 THbc: Y X

36 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Short term wave characteristics in study area were analyzed using CEDAS model. Chao Phraya SIM-01 Wave Height (m) Event: Incident Cond T: 2.5 Hbc: 0.7 THbc: Y X

37 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Long-term historical wave data (ERA-40, ) were compared to observed wave data.

38 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Coastal sediment data analysis for NE monsoon condition

39 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Coastal sediment data analysis during NE monsoon condition

40 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Coastal sediment data analysis Sediment transport rates in Chao Phraya Estuary for moderate sea condition were highly correlated with 1. Depth average current velocities, 2. Significant wave height, 3.Water level gradient However, wind speed and wave direction play insignificant role in suspended movement in this area. Sta.1 Sta.2 2 ln SS 0.857C ave 3.899Hs 0.110WL grad (R 0.72) 2 ln SS 1.046C ave 2.647Hs 0.143WL grad (R 0.82)

41 Activities in JFY 2012: coastal sediment study Coastal sediment data analysis Academic paper Bidorn B., Thamasiriroj T.and Chanyotha S., Characteristics of Coastal and Estuarine Sediment in the Upper Gulf of Thailand. The 10th Int. Conf. on Hydroscience and Engineering (ICHE- 2012), Nov. 4 Nov. 7, Orlando, USA.

42 Previous works Summary Sediment discharge study = 60% Shoreline change study = 60%

43 Sub-project outcome Academic papers : Bidorn B.and Vathananukij H., The Discrepancy of Overland Wind and Overwater Wind, Journal of Research in Engineering Technology. Vol 7 No.3, Jul Sep, 2010, ISSN , p Bidorn B., Chanyotha S., Siraphojanakul S., Mama V., Wind Wave Hindcasting in Northwest Upper Gulf of Thailand, The Proc.1st EIT International Conference on Water Resources Engineering, August 18-19,2011, Petchaburi,Thailand Bidorn B., Thamasiriroj T.and Chanyotha S., Characteristics of Coastal and Esturine Sediment in the Upper Gulf of Thailand. The 10th Int. Conf. on Hydroscience and Engineering (ICHE-2012), Nov. 4 Nov. 7, Orlando, USA. Bidorn B., Chanyotha S., Bidorn K., Siraphojanakul S., Mama V., The Effects of Thailand Great Flood 2011 on Sediment Discharge of Upper Chao Phraya River Basin. The 35th World Congress of the International Association for Hydro- Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), Sep. 8-13, Chengdu, Chaina. abstract submitted

44 Activities plan for JFY 2013 Study variability of Chao Phraya River discharge under climate change Study potential changes in sediment supply to the littoral system from Chao Phraya River under climate change. Identify historical changes in the wave and frequency of extreme wave events at the Chao Phraya Estuary. Estimate the wind-wave climate change at Chao Phraya Estuary in the future due to global warming. Quantify the coastal processes impact of climate change at Chao Phraya Estuary especially littoral processes and shoreline changes.

45 Thank you for your attention