Zone of largest coseismic slips Rupture length (km) Rupture length (km)

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1 Supplementary Figure S; Perrin et al. Relations between earthquake surface traces and slips, and architecture and, for all earthquakes analyzed in present study. 97 Bogd earthquake (Mw.) Gichgeniyn uruu Thrust orth Baga Bogd Choi et al., longterm of the Bogd Mapping from Tapponnier and Molnar, Borah Peak earthquake (Mw 7.) ormal - Immature km Mackay Lone Pine Crone and Machette, 9; Crone et al., 97 of the Thousand Springs- Warm Spring Mapping from Crone and aller, 99 9 Borrego Mountain earthquake (Mw.) San Andreas Fault km Coseismic surface.... Clark, 97 longterm of the San Jacinto Mapping from Dorsey, 999 ChiChi earthquake (Mw 7.) Reverse and strike slip - Intermediate maturity km of the Chelungpu orizontal net slip -S component E-W component Dominguez et al., 7 9 ~. km/s ~. km/s Mapping from Dominguez et al.,

2 Denali earthquake (Mw 7.) - Strike slip - Mature Supplementary Figure S; Perrin et al. (following) Mapping from Plafker and Berg, 99 initiation Chatham Strait F. of the Denali EKF Togiak-Tikchik F. of the Denali km Susitna Glacier Fault Denali Fault. km/s -. km/s Totschunda Fault aeussler et al., 9 Dixie Valley earthquake (Mw.7) - ormal - Immature Vertical displacement et displacement (dip = ) Caskey et al., 99 of the Dixie Valley of the Dixie Valley km initiation () Mapping from Bell and Katzer, 99 9 El Asnam earthquake (Mw 7.) Reverse (and strike slip) - Immature of the Cheliff and Oued Fossa s km Mapping from Yielding et al., 99 Yielding et al., 9 Cheliff

3 El Mayor Cucapah earthquake (Mw 7.) Supplementary Figure S; Perrin et al. (following) From optical pixel correlation (black) and from inversion model (dotted grey) of Wei et al., San Gabriel Mountains Thrust km km/s? Sierra Juarez s km/s? of the Elsinore Mapping from Dorsey et al., 99 Erzincan earthquake (Mw 7.) Strike slip - Mature of the orth Anatolian orthern branch Southern branch Mapping from Sengör et al., 9 Fairview Peak earthquake (Mw 7.) ormal (and strike slip) - Immature Walker Lane shear zone? km Caskey et al., 99 Fairview strand Louderback strand Gold King strand of the Fairview Peak Barka, 99 East Anatolian Fault Vertical displacement (Fairview and Louderback sections) Vertical displacement (Gold King section) Lateral displacement (Fairview and Louderback sections) et displacement (dip Fairview : ; Louderback : 7 ; Gold King : ) 7 Fort Tejon earthquake (Mw 7.9) Strike slip - Mature Sieh, 97 Zielke et al., Mendocino fracture zone ayward Calaveras San Gregorio Creeping zone San Juan San Gabriel San Jacinto Elsinore? ewport-inglewood- Rose Canyon zone of the San Andreas Mapping from Schwartz and Coppersmith 9; USGS website

4 9 Fuyun earthquake (Mw 7.9) Strike slip - Intermediate maturity renewed of the Fuyun Supplementary Figure S; Perrin et al. (following) Vertical component of slip only Lateral component : Lin and Lin, 99 Jianbang et al., 9 Klinger et al., Barkol Tagh Range of the Fuyun Mapping from Tapponnier and Molnar, ebgen Lake earthquake (Mw 7.) - ormal - Immature () of the ebgen km 999 ector Mine earthquake (Mw 7.) Strike slip - Immature km of the Lavic Lake-Bullion- Mesquite Lake 9 Imperial Valley earthquake (Mw 7.)? km Bullion F. Myers and amilton, 9. km/s Bullion Mtns Blind F..-. km/s Lavic Lake F. Pisgah F. of the Imperial Jónsson et al., Mesquite Lake F. Pinto Mountain Mapping from Jennings et al., 99 in Jachens et al., from J.P. Buwalda in Sharp, 9

5 Supplementary Figure S; Perrin et al. (following) 979 Imperial Valley earthquake (Mw.)? km of the Imperial. Sharp et al., 9 ~ to 7-. km/s.-.9 km/s 999 Izmit earthquake (Mw 7.-7.) - of the orth Anatolian and of its northern branch orthern branch Mapping from Sengör et al., Main orth Anatolian 9 km/s.-. km/s Barka et al., ; Michel and Avouac, Kunlun earthquake (Mw 7.) - Strike slip - Mature of the Kunlun Lasserre et al., Xu et al., Klinger et al., km of the Kunlun.-. km/s -.7 km/s initiation Mapping from Van der Woerd et al., ; Kirby et al., 7 99 Landers earthquake (Mw 7.) - Strike slip - Immature 7 7 Sieh et al., 99 arper Lake km Camp Rock-Emerson ~ km/s omestead Valley ~.-. km/s Johnson Valley of the Camp Rock-Emerson-omestead Valley- Johnson Valley system Mapping from Jennings et al., 99 in Jachens et al.,

6 997 Manyi earthquake (Mw 7.) - Supplementary Figure S; Perrin et al. (following) of the Manyi 7 Peltzer et al.., 999 < km/s -. km/s initiation km of the Manyi 97 Mudurnu earthquake (Mw 7.) - Strike slip - Mature orthern branch Southern branch Mapping modified from Taylor and Yin 9 in Bell et al., 9 of the orth Anatolian Mapping from Sengör et al., East Anatolian Fault Barka, 99 Muzaffarabad earthquake (Mw 7.) Reverse - Immature 7 Kaneda et al., km Balakot-Bagh MBT of the Balakot- Bagh Mapping modified from Kaneda et al., ; ussain et al., 9 Riassi 9 Pleasant Valley earthquake (Mw 7.) ormal - Immature km of the Pleasant Valley Pearce section initiation China Mtn section Wallace, 9 of the Pleasant Valley

7 Supplementary Figure S; Perrin et al. (following) 9 San Francisco earthquake (Mw 7.7) - Strike slip - Mature Mendocino fracture zone.9 km/s ayward Calaveras San Gregorio.9 km/s Lawson, 9; Thatcher et al., 997 Creeping zone San Juan San Gabriel San Jacinto Elsinore? ewport-inglewood- Rose Canyon zone of the San Andreas Mapping from Schwartz and Coppersmith 9; USGS website Sichuan earthquake (Mw 7.9) Reverse (and strike slip) - Intermediate maturity km Beichuan Pengguan -. km/s.- km/s Vertical displacement (Beichuan ) Vertical displacement (Pengguan ) Lateral displacement (Beichuan ) et displacement (dip Beichuan : ; Pengguan : ; Jia et al., ) From Liu Zeng et al., 9; Lin et al., 9, ; Zhang et al., of the Beichuan Mapping from Shen et al., 9 97 Superstition ills earthquake (Mw.) km San Andreas Fault Mapping from Dorsey,... Sharp et al., 99 of the San Jacinto Yushu earthquake (Mw 7.) km of the Garze- Yushu Xianshui e Mapping from Wang et al., Li et al.,.-. km/s - km/s

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