Description of faults
|
|
- Stewart Julius Dorsey
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 GLG310 Structural Geology Description of faults Horizontal stretch Crustal thickness Regional elevation Regional character Issues Normal Thrust/reverse Strike-slip >1 <1 >1 in one direction and < 1 in another Thin Thicken No change Usually lower Usually higher No change Rifting, Mid Ocean ridges, gravitational collapse, local accommodation along strike-slip faults Detachments, Listric, rotation, rifted margins Subduction zones/accretionary prisms, continent/continent collision, back arc fold thrust belts, local accommodation along strike-slip faults Layered rocks, reverse versus thrust Transforms, oblique convergence (i.e., Sumatra), continental collision, Transfers in other fault systems Transforms, bends and stepovers 4 November 2013 GLG310 Structural Geology 1
2 Normal faults Put younger over older Often in rifts Normal faults in Iran ( Global Spreading Ridges from 2
3 4 November 2013 GLG310 Structural Geology 3
4 Comparative riftology East African Rift Gulf of California Eastern North America 4
5 Significant variation in fault array geometry along the system T. Rooney Development of extensional systems 5
6 Clay cake on a rubber sheet: analogy for brittle upper crust (clay) over ductile and uniformly extending lower crust graben horst Upper part of system has steep, Andersonian dips, but lower portion has a detachment (salt horizon or other ductile level) into which the faults root The down dip curving or shallowing of dip is listric 6
7 Experimental development of a normal fault system M7.3 Borah Peak Earthquake Classic study by Stein and Barrientos 7
8 8
9 9
10 Borah Peak earthquake Displacements and long term offset Top map showings discontinuous rupture trace and several zones of complex faulting, such as near Arentson Gulch, West Spring, and Elkhorn Creek. Displacement along strike shows greatest vertical offset near Rock Creek (where the highest peak is also found in the footwall), overlapping offsets where decreasing displacement on one fault is compensated for by increasing displacement on another fault (Arentson Gulch to West Splay Junction), and a broadly bow-shaped displacement pattern (dashed line) along this succession of fault traces that is similar to the pattern seen on individual normal. Double arrows depict orientation of striae on the fault plane and indicate oblique dip-slip on this fault. The location of the levelling line survey runs approximately perpendicular to the rupture trace. Modified after Crone and Machette (1984). --Burbank and Anderson 10
11 Normal arrays, their displacement profiles, and relays 4 November 2013 GLG310 Structural Geology 11
12 Burbank and Anderson Burbank and Anderson 12
13 Sedimentary Rift Basins What are rift basins and why are they important? - elongate crustal depressions - variety of tectonic settings - economically important Faunal Evolution Project Focus: Inverse problem extract process from structure and fills Sedimentary fills J. Gurche Depositional environments? Rift basin architecture Process Withjack and Schlische, 2002 DiMaggio 3 Normal faults 26 October 2004 GLG310 Structural Geology 13
14 Rotating faults become less well oriented and a second set forms Rotating faults become less well oriented and a second set forms 14
15 Normal fault geometries Idealized diagram of a metamorphic core complex or detachment system --these are common in Arizona 4 November 2013 GLG310 Structural Geology 15
16 Normal faults Development of extensional systems 26 October 2004 GLG310 Structural Geology Inversion tectonics and fault reactivation 26 October 2004 GLG310 Structural Geology 16
17 Description of faults Horizontal stretch Crustal thickness Regional elevation Regional character Issues Normal Thrust/reverse Strike-slip >1 <1 >1 in one direction and < 1 in another Thin Thicken No change Usually lower Usually higher No change Rifting, Mid Ocean ridges, gravitational collapse, local accommodation along strike-slip faults Detachments, Listric, rotation, rifted margins Subduction zones/accretionary prisms, continent/continent collision, back arc fold thrust belts, local accommodation along strike-slip faults Layered rocks, reverse versus thrust Transforms, oblique convergence (i.e., Sumatra), continental collision, Transfers in other fault systems Transforms, bends and stepovers 4 November 2013 GLG310 Structural Geology Description of faults Horizontal stretch Crustal thickness Regional elevation Regional character Issues Normal Thrust/reverse Strike-slip >1 <1 >1 in one direction and < 1 in another Thin Thicken No change Usually lower Usually higher No change Rifting, Mid Ocean ridges, gravitational collapse, local accommodation along strike-slip faults Detachments, Listric, rotation, rifted margins Subduction zones/accretionary prisms, continent/continent collision, back arc fold thrust belts, local accommodation along strike-slip faults Layered rocks, reverse versus thrust Transforms, oblique convergence (i.e., Sumatra), continental collision, Transfers in other fault systems Transforms, bends and stepovers 4 November 2013 GLG310 Structural Geology 17
Description of faults
GLG310 Structural Geology Description of faults Horizontal stretch Crustal thickness Regional elevation Regional character Issues Normal Thrust/reverse Strike-slip >1 1 in one direction and < 1 in
More informationKEY CHAPTER 12 TAKE-HOME QUIZ INTERNAL STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES Score Part B = / 55 PART B
GEOLOGY 12 KEY CHAPTER 12 TAKE-HOME QUIZ INTERNAL STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES Score Part B = / 55 PART B CHAPTER 12 Isostacy and Structural Geology 1. Using the terms below, label the following diagrams and
More informationCrustal Deformation. Earth Systems 3209
Crustal Deformation Earth Systems 3209 Crustal Deformation pg. 415 Refers to all changes in the original form and/or size of a rock body. May also produce changes in the location and orientation of rocks.
More informationDeformation of Rocks. Orientation of Deformed Rocks
Deformation of Rocks Folds and faults are geologic structures caused by deformation. Structural geology is the study of the deformation of rocks and its effects. Fig. 7.1 Orientation of Deformed Rocks
More information11.1 Rock Deformation
Tarbuck Lutgens Mountain Building 11.1 Rock Deformation Factors Affecting Deformation Factors that influence the strength of a rock and how it will deform include temperature, confining pressure, rock
More informationGeologic Structures. Changes in the shape and/or orientation of rocks in response to applied stress
Geologic Structures Changes in the shape and/or orientation of rocks in response to applied stress Figure 15.19 Can be as big as a breadbox Or much bigger than a breadbox Three basic types Fractures >>>
More informationCrags, Cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building
Crags, Cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building Updated by: Rick Oches, Professor of Geology & Environmental Sciences Bentley University Waltham, Massachusetts Based on slides prepared
More informationMountains are then built by deforming crust: Deformation & Mountain Building. Mountains form where stresses are high!
Deformation & Mountain Building Where are mountains located? Deformation and Folding Mountain building Mountains form where stresses are high! Mountains form at all three types of plate boundaries where
More informationChapter 15 Structures
Chapter 15 Structures Plummer/McGeary/Carlson (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. TECTONIC FORCES AT WORK Stress & Strain Stress Strain Compressive stress Shortening strain Tensional stress stretching
More informationLearning Objectives (LO) What we ll learn today:!
Learning Objectives (LO) Lecture 13: Mountain Building Read: Chapter 10 Homework #11 due Tuesday 12pm What we ll learn today:! 1. Define the types of stress that are present in the crust! 2. Define the
More informationEarth Science, (Tarbuck/Lutgens) Chapter 10: Mountain Building
Earth Science, (Tarbuck/Lutgens) Chapter 10: Mountain Building 1) A(n) fault has little or no vertical movements of the two blocks. A) stick slip B) oblique slip C) strike slip D) dip slip 2) In a(n) fault,
More informationGlobal Tectonics. Kearey, Philip. Table of Contents ISBN-13: Historical perspective. 2. The interior of the Earth.
Global Tectonics Kearey, Philip ISBN-13: 9781405107778 Table of Contents Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Historical perspective. 1.1 Continental drift. 1.2 Sea floor spreading and the birth of plate tectonics.
More informationChapter. Mountain Building
Chapter Mountain Building 11.1 Rock Deformation Factors Affecting Deformation Factors that influence the strength of a rock and how it will deform include temperature, confining pressure, rock type, and
More informationChapter 10: Deformation and Mountain Building. Fig. 10.1
Chapter 10: Deformation and Mountain Building Fig. 10.1 OBJECTIVES Describe the processes of rock deformation and compare and contrast ductile and brittle behavior in rocks. Explain how strike and dip
More informationStrike-Slip Faults. ! Fault motion is parallel to the strike of the fault.
Strike-Slip Faults! Fault motion is parallel to the strike of the fault.! Usually vertical, no hanging-wall/footwall blocks.! Classified by the relative sense of motion. " Right lateral opposite block
More informationEssentials of Geology, 11e
Essentials of Geology, 11e Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building Chapter 17 Instructor Jennifer Barson Spokane Falls Community College Geology 101 Stanley Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Jennifer
More informationWhat Causes Rock to Deform?
Crustal Deformation Earth, Chapter 10 Chapter 10 Crustal Deformation What Causes Rock to Deform? Deformation is a general term that refers to all changes in the shape or position of a rock body in response
More informationGeology 300, Physical Geology Spring 2019 Quiz Ch 19, Plate Tectonics Name
Geology 300, Physical Geology Spring 2019 Quiz Ch 19, Plate Tectonics Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The portion of a fracture
More informationStudy the architecture and processes responsible for deformation of Earth s crust. Folding and Faulting
Crustal Deformation AKA Structural geology (adapted from Brunkel, 2012) Study the architecture and processes responsible for deformation of Earth s crust. Folding and Faulting How Rocks Deform: 4 Controls
More informationCrustal Deformation Earth - Chapter Pearson Education, Inc.
Crustal Deformation Earth - Chapter 10 Structural Geology Structural geologists study the architecture and processes responsible for deformation of Earth s crust. A working knowledge of rock structures
More informationDecember 21, Chapter 11 mountain building E.notebook. Feb 19 8:19 AM. Feb 19 9:28 AM
Mountains form along convergent plate boundaries. Typically (usually) if you look at a mountain range, you know that it is at a plate boundary (active continental margin) or has been some time in the past
More informationChapter 16. Mountain Building. Mountain Building. Mountains and Plate Tectonics. what s the connection?
Chapter 16 Mountains and Plate Tectonics what s the connection? Mountain Building Most crustal deformation occurs along plate margins. S.2 Active Margin Passive Margin Mountain Building Factors Affecting
More informationGEOL104: Exploring the Planets LAB 5: PLANETARY TECTONICS
GEOL104: Exploring the Planets LAB 5: PLANETARY TECTONICS OBJECTIVES: I. Understand the three basic types of tectonic interactions that can occur II. Identify tectonic interactions on other planets MATERIALS:
More informationContractional Tectonics: Convergence and Collision
Contractional Tectonics: Convergence and Collision Processes in Structural Geology & Tectonics Ben van der Pluijm WW Norton+Authors, unless noted otherwise 4/12/2017 5:21 PM We Discuss Contractional Tectonics
More informationCaptain s Tryouts 2017
Captain s Tryouts 2017 Dynamic Planet Test Written by: Araneesh Pratap (Chattahoochee High School) Name: Date: Answer all questions on the answer sheet. Point values are given next to each question or
More informationTYPES OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS, MECHANISM OF BASIN FORMATION & PETROLEUM HABITAT BY S. K.BISWAS
TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS, MECHANISM OF BASIN FORMATION & PETROLEUM HABITAT BY S. K.BISWAS BASIN DEFINITION, CHARACTERISTICS & CLASSIFICATION A sedimentary basin is a structurally morphotectonic depression
More informationPlate Tectonics - Demonstration
Name: Reference: Prof. Larry Braile - Educational Resources Copyright 2000. L. Braile. Permission granted for reproduction for non-commercial uses. http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~braile/indexlinks/educ.htm
More informationGEOL 321 Structural Geology and Tectonics
GEOL 321 Structural Geology and Tectonics Geology 321 Structure and Tectonics will be given in Spring 2017. The course provides a general coverage of the structures produced by brittle and ductile rock
More informationGLY 155 Introduction to Physical Geology, W. Altermann. Press & Siever, compressive forces. Compressive forces cause folding and faulting.
Press & Siever, 1995 compressive forces Compressive forces cause folding and faulting. faults 1 Uplift is followed by erosion, which creates new horizontal surface. lava flows Volcanic eruptions cover
More informationUSU 1360 TECTONICS / PROCESSES
USU 1360 TECTONICS / PROCESSES Observe the world map and each enlargement Pacific Northwest Tibet South America Japan 03.00.a1 South Atlantic Arabian Peninsula Observe features near the Pacific Northwest
More informationExam Deformatie en Metamorfose van de Korst Educatorium zaal ALFA
Naam Studentnummer... Exam Deformatie en Metamorfose van de Korst Educatorium zaal ALFA Do not forget to put your name and student number on each of the question and answer sheets and to return both of
More informationLab 1: Plate Tectonics April 2, 2009
Name: Lab 1: Plate Tectonics April 2, 2009 Objective: Students will be introduced to the theory of plate tectonics and different styles of plate margins and interactions. Introduction The planet can be
More informationDistribution of Continents Mid-ocean Ridges Trenches. Deformation Metamorphism Volcanism Earthquakes
Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics Global Problems in Geology Distribution of Continents Mid-ocean Ridges Trenches Orogenic Belts Deformation Metamorphism Volcanism Earthquakes Development of Continental
More informationLab 7: STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY FOLDS AND FAULTS
Lab 7: STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY FOLDS AND FAULTS This set of labs will focus on the structures that result from deformation in earth s crust, namely folds and faults. By the end of these labs you should be able
More informationStress and Strain. Stress is a force per unit area. Strain is a change in size or shape in response to stress
Geologic Structures Geologic structures are dynamically-produced patterns or arrangements of rock or sediment that result from, and give information about, forces within the Earth Produced as rocks change
More informationPlate Tectonics. entirely rock both and rock
Plate Tectonics I. Tectonics A. Tectonic Forces are forces generated from within Earth causing rock to become. B. 1. The study of the origin and arrangement of Earth surface including mountain belts, continents,
More informationSection 10.1 The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions This section discusses volcanic eruptions, types of volcanoes, and other volcanic landforms.
Chapter 10 Section 10.1 The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions This section discusses volcanic eruptions, types of volcanoes, and other volcanic landforms. Reading Strategy Previewing Before you read the section,
More informationChapter 4 Section 3, 4. Deforming the Earth s Crust
Chapter 4 Section 3, 4 Deforming the Earth s Crust Deformation The process by which the shape of a rock changes because of stress Stress The amount of force per unit area on a given material Compression
More informationMountains and Mountain Building: Chapter 11
Mountains and Mountain Building: Chapter 11 Objectives: 1)Explain how some of Earth s major mountain belts formed 2) Compare and contrast active and passive continental margins 3) Explain how compression,
More informationConvergent plate boundary.
Crustal Deformation Convergent plate boundary http://my.execpc.com/~acmelasr/mountains/geogramsnf.html Plate Tectonic Settings and Magma Where plates CONVERGE, water is driven off the subducting plate,
More informationEarthquakes. Earthquakes are caused by a sudden release of energy
Earthquakes Earthquakes are caused by a sudden release of energy The amount of energy released determines the magnitude of the earthquake Seismic waves carry the energy away from its origin Fig. 18.1 Origin
More informationGEOLOGY MEDIA SUITE Chapter 13
UNDERSTANDING EARTH, SIXTH EDITION GROTZINGER JORDAN GEOLOGY MEDIA SUITE Chapter 13 Earthquakes 2010 W.H. Freeman and Company Three different types of seismic waves are recorded by seismographs Key Figure
More informationLecture Outlines PowerPoint. Chapter 10 Earth Science, 12e Tarbuck/Lutgens
Lecture Outlines PowerPoint Chapter 10 Earth Science, 12e Tarbuck/Lutgens 2009 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors
More informationCRUSTAL DEFORMATION. Chapter 10
CRUSTAL DEFORMATION and dgeologic Structures t Chapter 10 Deformation Df Deformation involves: Stress the amount of force applied to a given area. Types of Stress: Confining Stress stress applied equally
More informationGEOLOGIC MAPS PART II
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENT THROUGH TIME LABORATORY - EES 1005 LABORATORY FIVE GEOLOGIC MAPS PART II Introduction Geologic maps of orogenic belts are much more complex than maps of the stable interior. Just
More informationAnswers: Internal Processes and Structures (Isostasy)
Answers: Internal Processes and Structures (Isostasy) 1. Analyse the adjustment of the crust to changes in loads associated with volcanism, mountain building, erosion, and glaciation by using the concept
More informationIntroduction To Plate Tectonics Evolution. (Continents, Ocean Basins, Mountains and Continental Margins)
Introduction To Plate Tectonics Evolution (Continents, Ocean Basins, Mountains and Continental Margins) Geo 386 (Arabian Shield Course) Dr. Bassam A. A. Abuamarah Mohanna G E O 3 8 6 A R A B I A N G E
More informationFINAL EXAM Crustal Deformation CONVERGE DIVERGENT PLATES MANTLE PLUMES FLUX BASALTIC GRANITIC
Crustal Deformation Reading: Chapter 10 Pages 283-304 Review Questions 4, 6, 7, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20 FINAL EXAM NOON TO 2 PM, TUESDAY DEC. 5 HERE: Natural Science 101 BRING A SCAN TRON TURN IN YOUR REVIEW
More informationIsan deformation, magmatism and extensional kinematics in the Western Fold Belt of the Mount Isa Inlier
Isan deformation, magmatism and extensional kinematics in the Western Fold Belt of the Mount Isa Inlier Rick Gordon Department of Earth Sciences University of Queensland A thesis submitted for examination
More informationBasin Analysis. Stra-graphy
Basin Analysis Stra-graphy Basin Analysis Basin analysis integrates program sedimentological, stra-graphic, and tectonic principals to develop a full understanding of the rocks that fill sedimentary basins.
More informationUNIT 10 MOUNTAIN BUILDING AND EVOLUTION OF CONTINENTS
UNIT 10 MOUNTAIN BUILDING AND EVOLUTION OF CONTINENTS ROCK DEFORMATION Tectonic forces exert different types of stress on rocks in different geologic environments. STRESS The first, called confining stress
More informationHow mountains are made. We will talk about valleys (erosion and weathering later)
How mountains are made We will talk about valleys (erosion and weathering later) http://www.ilike2learn.com/ilike2learn/mountainmaps/mountainranges.html Continent-continent plate convergence Less dense,
More informationLecture 6 Folds, Faults and Deformation Dr. Shwan Omar
Fold: A fold is a bend or wrinkle of rock layers or foliation; folds form as a sequence of ductile deformation. Folding is the processes by which crustal forces deform an area of crust so that layers of
More informationFaults. Strike-slip fault. Normal fault. Thrust fault
Faults Strike-slip fault Normal fault Thrust fault Fault any surface or narrow zone with visible shear displacement along the zone Normal fault Strike-slip fault Reverse fault Thrust fault
More informationIntroduction Faults blind attitude strike dip
Chapter 5 Faults by G.H. Girty, Department of Geological Sciences, San Diego State University Page 1 Introduction Faults are surfaces across which Earth material has lost cohesion and across which there
More informationChapter 10: Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity Section 1: The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions I. Factors Affecting Eruptions Group # Main Idea:
Chapter 10: Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity Section 1: The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions I. Factors Affecting Eruptions Group # A. Viscosity Group # B. Dissolved Gases Group # II. Volcanic Material
More information1. What is Wegener s theory of continental drift? 2. What were the 4 evidences supporting his theory? 3. Why wasn t Wegener s theory excepted?
Notebook 7a and 7b Objective (left-side): Students will be able to explain the theory of plate tectonics and be able to make predictions about plate interactions. Mapping Reflection 1. What is Wegener
More informationCopyright McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education
Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education Tibetan Plateau and Himalaya -southern Asia 11.00.a VE 10X
More informationDo NOT open the test until instructed to do so.
Raw Score: Rank: School: Team Number: Names: Boyceville Invitational, December 2, 2017 Dynamic Planet Plate Tectonics and Geographical Impacts Do NOT open the test until instructed to do so. 2011 Tohoku
More informationStructural Style and Tectonic Evolution of the Nakhon Basin, Gulf of Thailand
Structural Style and Tectonic Evolution of the Nakhon Basin, Gulf of Thailand Piyaphong Chenrai Petroleum Geoscience Program, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok
More informationFault growth & linkage
Fault growth & linkage Important to understand fault growth, interaction & linkage Continental extension and basin formation Controls on subsurface fluid flow Hydrocarbon exploration & production Minerals
More informationBefore Plate Tectonics: Theory of Continental Drift
Before Plate Tectonics: Theory of Continental Drift Predecessor to modern plate tectonics Shape and fit of the continents was the initial evidence Snider-Pelligrini (1858) Taylor (1908) Wegner (1915) Fig.
More informationComposition of the earth, Geologic Time, and Plate Tectonics
Composition of the earth, Geologic Time, and Plate Tectonics Layers of the earth Chemical vs. Mechanical Chemical : Mechanical: 1) Core: Ni and Fe 2) Mantle: Mostly Peridotite 3) Crust: Many different
More informationTopics Laramide Orogeny: Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene Reading: GSA DNAG volume 3, Ch. 6
Topics Laramide Orogeny: Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene Reading: GSA DNAG volume 3, Ch. 6 Late Cretaceous to early Eocene New patterns developed 5 main regions Tectonic interpretations Post-Laramide events
More informationNAME HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #4 MATERIAL COVERS CHAPTERS 19, 20, 21, & 2
NAME HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #4 MATERIAL COVERS CHAPTERS 19, 20, 21, & 2 Assignment is due the beginning of the class period on December 14, 2004. Mark answers on a scantron sheet, which will be provided.
More informationSedimentary Basin Analysis http://eqsun.geo.arizona.edu/geo5xx/geos517/ Sedimentary basins can be classified based on the type of plate motions (divergent, convergent), type of the lithosphere, distance
More informationUse a highlighter to mark the most important parts, or the parts. you want to remember in the background information.
P a g e 1 Name A Fault Model Purpose: To explore the types of faults and how they affect the geosphere Background Information: A fault is an area of stress in the earth where broken rocks slide past each
More informationFINAL EXAM Crustal Deformation CONVERGE DIVERGENT PLATES MANTLE PLUMES FLUX BASALTIC GRANITIC
Crustal Deformation Reading: Chapter 10 Pages 283-294 FINAL EXAM 8 to 10 AM, THURSDAY DEC. 6 HERE: Natural Science 101 BRING A SCAN TRON TURN IN YOUR REVIEW QUESTIONS BEFORE THE TEST, PICK UP WHEN YOU
More informationGeologic Mapping Invitational Trial Event
Geologic Mapping Invitational Trial Event A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 Team Name AVAILABLE TIME: 50 min Required Materials: Each team MUST have a protractor, ruler, non-programmable calculator, colored pencils,
More informationName: Date: Use the following to answer question 2.
Name: Date: 1. Which of the following statements regarding the scientific method is false? A) A hypothesis must be agreed upon by more than one scientist. B) A theory is a hypothesis that has withstood
More informationPlate Tectonics. The Grand Unifying Theory of Geology. Earth s lithosphere is divided into a number of pieces, called plates
Plate Tectonics The Grand Unifying Theory of Geology Earth s lithosphere is divided into a number of pieces, called plates These plates of rigid lithosphere ride over the softer, ductile asthenosphere
More information10. Paleomagnetism and Polar Wandering Curves.
Map of ocean floor Evidence in Support of the Theory of Plate Tectonics 10. Paleomagnetism and Polar Wandering Curves. The Earth's magnetic field behaves as if there were a bar magnet in the center of
More informationPlate Tectonics. Structure of the Earth
Plate Tectonics Structure of the Earth The Earth can be considered as being made up of a series of concentric spheres, each made up of materials that differ in terms of composition and mechanical properties.
More informationContinental Landscapes
Continental Landscapes Landscape influenced by tectonics, climate & differential weathering Most landforms developed within the last 2 million years System moves toward an equilibrium Continental Landscapes
More informationPlate Tectonics. Theory of Plate Tectonics. What is Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries Causes of Plate Tectonics
Theory of Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries Causes of Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics What is Plate Tectonics The Earth s crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates Plates
More informationCrustal Deformation. (Building Earth s Surface, Part 1) Science 330 Summer Mapping geologic structures
Crustal Deformation (Building Earth s Surface, Part 1) Science 330 Summer 2005 Mapping geologic structures When conducting a study of a region, a geologist identifies and describes the dominant rock structures
More informationLecture 24: Convergent boundaries November 22, 2006
Lecture 24: Convergent boundaries November 22, 2006 Convergent boundaries are characterized by consumption of oceaninc crust in subduction zones, with attendant arc volcanism, metamorphism and uplift.
More informationEarth s Continents and Seafloors. GEOL100 Physical Geology Ray Rector - Instructor
Earth s Continents and Seafloors GEOL100 Physical Geology Ray Rector - Instructor OCEAN BASINS and CONTINENTAL PLATFORMS Key Concepts I. Earth s rocky surface covered by of two types of crust Dense, thin,
More informationPlate Tectonics Notes
Plate Tectonics Notes Last 30 Days Earthquakes Physical Features Last 30 Days Earthquakes with Plate Boundaries Earth s Structure Earth s Layers Core: Inner Core: Center of the earth, solid ball of metal
More information* If occurs, fossils that formed in shallow water may be found in water. Subsidence mean the crust is.
Name Notes: Topic 5B Topic 5B: The Dynamic Crust A. What evidence exists that proves the Earth s Crust is and has moved? Earth Science 1. Tilted, folded or faulted strata Strata is a term that refers to.
More informationUNIT 6 PLATE TECTONICS
UNIT 6 PLATE TECTONICS CONTINENTAL DRIFT Alfred Wegner proposed the theory that the crustal plates are moving over the mantle. He argued that today s continents once formed a single landmass, called Pangaea
More informationNon-ideal Subduction
Subduction zone cross sections Earthquake locations : black = teleseismic est. gray = local-array est. red line = top of slab seismicity blue line = center of slab seismicity Non-ideal Subduction Oblique
More informationGeology 101 Lab Worksheet: Geologic Structures
Name: Geology 101 Lab Worksheet: Geologic Structures Refer to the Geologic Structures Lab for the information you need to complete this worksheet (http://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/g101ocl/labs/structurelab.html).
More informationWhole Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics
Whole Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics Processes in Structural Geology & Tectonics Ben van der Pluijm WW Norton+Authors, unless noted otherwise 4/5/2017 14:45 We Discuss Whole Earth Structure and Plate
More informationLecture 15. Fold-Thrust Belts, and the NJ Ridge and Valley Thrust System
Lecture 15 Fold-Thrust Belts, and the NJ Ridge and Valley Thrust System Earth Structure (2 nd Edition), 2004 W.W. Norton & Co, New York Slide show by Ben van der Pluijm WW Norton; unless noted otherwise
More informationCan t t wait to take Exam 4!
Can t t wait to take Exam 4! Really can t wait to study for the final exam! 1 2 Housekeeping Exam 4: study glossaries, chapter questions TA lab closed after Tues. How to study for exam 4 Make lists for
More informationHow to Build a Mountain and other Geologic Structures. But first a short review
How to Build a Mountain and other Geologic Structures But first a short review Where do we see deep earthquakes? What is happening there? What can happen at a plate boundary? 1. Plates can move apart
More informationCrustal Boundaries. As they move across the asthenosphere and form plate boundaries they interact in various ways. Convergent Transform Divergent
Name: Date: Period: Plate Tectonics The Physical Setting: Earth Science CLASS NOTES Tectonic plates are constantly moving and interacting As they move across the asthenosphere and form plate boundaries
More informationWorld Geography 3202 Unit 1. Ch. 1: Landform Patterns and Processes
World Geography 3202 Unit 1 Ch. 1: Landform Patterns and Processes - Planet Earth is dynamic - behaves as if it s a living organism - some changes are rapid enough for us to see and record - exs. Tidal
More informationComparison of the ancient Keweenaw Mid-Continent Rift System and the active East. African Rift System
Neier 1 Emily Neier Mentor: Steve Mattox GEO 485 28 April 2016 Comparison of the ancient Keweenaw Mid-Continent Rift System and the active East African Rift System Abstract The active East African Rift
More informationChapter Review USING KEY TERMS. asthenosphere uplift continental drift. known as. tectonic plates move. object. UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS
Skills Worksheet Chapter Review USING KEY TERMS 1. Use the following terms in the same sentence: crust, mantle, and core. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the
More informationJohn Shaw CRUSTAL DEFORMATION MODEL: OBLIQUE CONVERGENCE IN THE INNER CALIFORNIA BORDERLANDS ACCOMMODATED BY ACTIVE STRIKE-SLIP AND REVERSE FAULTS
CRUSTAL DEFORMATION MODEL: OBLIQUE CONVERGENCE IN THE INNER CALIFORNIA BORDERLANDS ACCOMMODATED BY ACTIVE STRIKE-SLIP AND REVERSE FAULTS August 2013 SONGS SSC SSHAC Workshop # 2 (August 12-14, 2013) Crustal
More informationCHAPTER 2 THE WAY THE EARTH WORKS: EXAMINING PLATE TECTONICS
CHAPTER 2 THE WAY THE EARTH WORKS: EXAMINING PLATE TECTONICS Coverage of plate tectonics is required early in introductory Geology as context for the mineralogy, petrology, structure, internal processes,
More informationPlate Boundaries & Resulting Landforms
Plate Boundaries & Resulting Landforms Divergent Plate Boundaries (plates being pulled apart) Type: oceanic plates Description: rising magma gently lifts the crust creating a ridge. The flow of convection
More information4 Deforming the Earth s Crust
CHAPTER 7 4 Deforming the Earth s Crust SECTION Plate Tectonics BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What happens when rock is placed under stress?
More informationGeo736: Seismicity along mid-ocean ridges
Geo736: Seismicity along mid-ocean ridges Course Notes: S. G. Wesnousky Spring 2018 Bathymetric maps show the ocean basins of the world are characteristically divided by a bathymetric ridge. The bathymetric
More informationContinental Drift. & Plate Tectonics
Continental Drift & Plate Tectonics Alfred Wegener, a German scientist, proposed the hypothesis of CONTINENTAL DRIFT, in 1912. Hypothesis stated: All Earth s continents were once a single landmass (Pangaea)
More informationOverview of the Seismic Source Characterization for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station
Overview of the Seismic Source Characterization for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Scott Lindvall SSC TI Team Lead Palo Verde SSC SSHAC Level 3 Project Tuesday, March 19, 2013 1 Questions from
More informationEvolution of Continents Chapter 20
Evolution of Continents Chapter 20 Does not contain complete lecture notes. Mountain belts Orogenesis the processes that collectively produce a mountain belt Includes folding, thrust faulting, metamorphism,
More information(1) Identify 5 major principles of relative dating? For each principle, describe how you tell what is younger and what is older.
Things to Know - Third GLG101Exam Page 1 Important Note: This is not everything you need to know or study. However, it provides you with a relatively comprehensive list of questions to help you study.
More information