8 th grade science spring semester exam review- 2013

Transcription

1 8 th grade science spring semester exam review Name: Teacher: Due Date: Final Exam Date: This review is only one resource that can be used to prepare for your test. Other study tools include old tests and reviews. Friday :30-8:15 2nd Period 8:20-9:05 2nd Period 9:10-9:55 EXAM 10:00-10:45 6th Period 10:50-11:35 7th Period 11:40-12:25 1st Period 12:30-1:00 Lunch 1:05-1:50 1st Period 1:55-2:35 EXAM Monday 6-3 7:30-8:15 7th Period 8:20-9:05 7th Period 9:10-9:55 EXAM 10:00-10:45 4th Period 10:50-11:35 5th Period 11:40-12:25 6th Period 12:30-1:00 Lunch 1:05-1:50 6th Period 1:55-2:35 EXAM Tuesday 6-4 7:30-8:15 5th Period 8:20-9:05 5th Period 9:10-9:55 EXAM 10:00-10:45 3rd Period 10:50-11:35 4th Period 11:40-12:25 **8th Period 12:30-1:00 Lunch 1:05-1:50 4th Period 1:55-2:35 EXAM Wednesday 6-5 7:30-8:00 3rd Period 8:00-9:35 3rd Period EXAM 9:40-11:35 8th Period Extended

2 Part 1 A. Be familiar with the following vocabulary terms, concepts, diagrams, and questions from pgs in your spiral, or pgs , 492 in your textbook. Concepts: WEATHER Vocabulary Terms: Low pressure High pressure Cold Front Warm front Convection Sea breeze Land breeze Radiation Conduction Warm water current Cold water current Land/Sea Breezes: 1. Complete the chart below LAND BREEZE DETAILED PICTURE (COLOR CODED) SEA BREEZE DAY OR NIGHT EFFECT CAUSE Heat Transfer: 1. Identify which form of heat transfer is represented in the diagram to the right. s 2. In the sun s rays warm the Earth. E 3. In the Earth warms the air.

3 4. Describe the movement of fluids during convection. 5. Sea breezes and land breezes are examples of which type of heat transfer? 6. Give two examples of each type of heat transfer. RADIATION CONDUCTION CONVECTION Ocean Currents: A B C D 1. Complete the following chart based on the map above. Current California Gulf Stream East Australia Kuroshio Peru Location of origin (equator or poles) Temperature of Current (warm or cold)

4 2. How do warm ocean currents affect coastal climates? 3. How do cold ocean currents affect coastal climates? 4. City A and City B are similar in latitude. Describe how City A s climate is different than City B. Explain WHY! 5. City C and City D are similar in latitude. Describe how City C s climate is different than City D. Explain WHY! Air Masses 1. Label the air masses above. 2. Define air mass: 3. A gets its properties from warm areas near the equator. 4. A gets its properties from cold areas near the poles 5. A gets its properties from over land. 6. A gets its properties from over oceans. 7. How do warm air masses affect weather? 8. How do cold air masses affect weather??

5 Fronts/ Pressure Systems 1. Air tends to move from areas of pressure to areas of pressure. HIGH 2. Winds in a high pressure area flow in which direction? (clockwise or counterclockwise). Draw a picture of this. LOW 3. Winds in a low pressure are flow in which direction? (clockwise or counterclockwise). Draw a picture of this. 4. Low pressure areas are associated with what kind of temperatures and humidity? 5. High pressure areas are associated with what kind of temperatures and humidity? 6. Complete the content frame below. Front Symbol on a weather map Detailed picture of front Type of weather associated Warm Cold Weather map 1. What kind of weather can we expect for city A today (hint--think temperature, humidity, and precipitation)? D A C 2. Why kind of weather can we expect for city B today? B 3. City C is most likely experiencing what kind of weather? 4. Describe the direction of motion of the air next to city

6 B. Be familiar with the following vocabulary terms, concepts, diagrams, and questions from pgs in your spiral, or pg 498 in your textbook. Concepts: FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE, SEASONS Vocabulary Terms: Equator Poles (North or South) Latitude Solstice Axis Reason for Earth s seasons Equinox Answer the questions below using your knowledge of science. 1. What is the reason that the earth s has 4 seasons? 2. Finish the pictures in the space below of the Earth experiencing its 4 seasons around the Sun. Include the Earth s axis & equator, arrows showing the orbital path, labels for both the Northern and Southern hemisphere, and labels of which season is occurring for each hemisphere. Make sure you pay attention to the way the axis should point in each diagram!!! Axis points to the left Axis points to the right C. Be familiar with the following vocabulary terms and concepts. Concepts: MOON PHASES, TIDES Vocabulary Terms: Waxing 3 rd Quarter Waning New Moon Gibbous Full Moon Crescent Rotation 1 st Quarter Revolution Spring tide Neap tide High tide Low tide

7 Answer the questions below using your knowledge of science. 1. Label each phase of the moon below in the spaces provided and also draw each phase for the earth view: Space view Earth view 2. Complete the diagram below by filling in either spring tide or neap tide for each: SUN

8 Part 2 ABe familiar with the following vocabulary terms, concepts, diagrams, and questions from your spiral, and textbook. Concepts: PLATE TECTONICS, TOPOGRAPHY Vocabulary Terms: Weathering Erosion Deposition Continental drift Divergent boundary Convergent boundary Transform boundary Convergent subduction Convergent mountain building Sea floor spreading Mid ocean ridge Oceanic crust Continental crust Crust, lithosphere Mantle Inner core, outer core Shearing Compression Convection current Tension Law of conservation of mass 1. Describe subduction and give two examples of boundaries that experience subduction. 2. What is the driving force behind plate tectonics?? (Hint: It happens in the mantle) 3. Compare continental and oceanic crust in terms of thickness and density. 4. How does the difference in the two types of crust influence what happens at the boundaries? 5. The asthenosphere has the ability to flow like a liquid. This property is known as what? 6. What is the theory of continental drift? 7. What is the theory of plate tectonics? 8. What pieces of evidence support the theory of plate tectonics?

9 9. Complete the following content frame with the missing information about plate boundaries. Force: Force: Force: Boundary type: Boundary type: Boundary type: Landforms created: Landforms created: Landforms created: Crust created or destroyed?: Crust created or destroyed?: Crust created or destroyed?: Force: Force: Force: Boundary type: Boundary type: Boundary type: Landforms created: Landforms created: Landforms created: Crust created or destroyed?: Crust created or destroyed?: Crust created or destroyed?:

10 B. Be familiar with the following vocabulary terms, concepts, diagrams, and questions from your spiral, and textbook. Concepts: WEATHERING, EROSION, DEPOSITION/ PREDICTING CHANGES IN LANDFORMS 1. Complete the chart below: Weathering: Description Erosion: Examples: 2. For each of the landforms in number 2, draw a picture of the landform before and after, then describe how the landform changes over time. Before After Describe the changes Sand dunes River delta Barrier island Canyon

11 3. Determine if each of the following landforms is created from weathering, erosion, or deposition. a. Sand dunes c. Barrier island b. River delta d. Canyon C. Be familiar with the following vocabulary terms, questions, diagrams and concepts from your spiral and textbook Concepts: TOPOGRAPHY Vocabulary Terms: Contour line Index contour Depression 1. What is a contour line? Hachure Steep slope Gradual slope Contour interval 2. What is an index contour? 3. Draw the symbol that represents a depression in the box below. 4. Describe what is wrong with each set of contour lines below.

12 5. Using the survey data show, construct contour lines with a 10m contour interval. 6. Draw a side view of this topographic map. 7. This topographic map represents what landform? 8. What is the contour interval of this map? 9. What is the highest elevation of this map? 10. Highlight the area that is steepest in yellow.

13 Part 3 A. FOOD WEBS: Be familiar with the following vocabulary terms, concepts, diagrams, and questions from your spiral or textbook. Concepts: Food webs, food chains, environmental changes, cells 1. Which of the following is a top consumer in the food web to the right? a. Owl b. Frog c. Rabbit d. Plant 2. In the food web to the right, give an example of an abiotic factor that the organisms compete for. 3. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Consumers: List one Primary Organism: List two Secondary Organisms: List two Tertiary Organisms: 4. Which of the following correctly shows how energy flows through a food chain? a. Producers owl rat rabbit b. Producers cricket frog owl c. Producers rabbit fox snake d. Snake squirrel rat producers 5. Give one example of a predator-prey relationship in the food web. 6. How would the fox population be affected is the mouse population decreased? 7. Which of the following lists abiotic factors that most likely influence the ecosystem shown above? a. Grass, wind, soil b. Rain, temperature, humans c. Temperature, rain, wind d. Humans, rocks, insects

14 8. Matching the words & definitions: Producer Primary consumer Niche Scavenger Carnivore a. Organism that creates its own food through photosynthesis b. The way of life of an organism c. Organism also known as a predator, eats only meat d. An organism that eats dead animals e. Organism that eats only producers 9. Which organism receives the least amount of energy? Explain why. Killer Whale 10. What does it mean that the zooplankton is an herbivore? Tuna 11. Give an example of producer-consumer in the food chain to the right. SkipJack 12. Define ecosystem in your own words. 13. Define population and give an example.

15 B. Environmental changes: Fill out the chart below with the correctly matched change and impact. Environmental change Short or Long term? Potential impact Overfishing in marine ecosystems by humans An earthquake causes a nuclear reactor to become instable An ice age ends and the glaciers begin to melt, causing sea level to rise Many species of fish could become extinct, effecting the local ecosystems The economy of the area will suffer and people will need to rebuild and replant The area has to be evacuated and specialists are called in to control the situation Humans have learned more about the human body and how it fights bacteria/viruses A series of tornados devastate a farming community Animals that live in areas close to sea level must relocate to higher elevations or go extinct Average life expectancy has increased

16 C. Impact on oceans: Use the word bank below to fill in the blanks in the sentences. Then in the box next to each definition, write if it is (P) Positive or (N) Negative. Marine debris Overfishing Sound impact Artificial reefs Runoff Oil Spills 1. Human activity that consequently dumps chemicals and pollutants into marine and freshwater ecosystems is called. 2. is generated from such sources as boat propellers and engines and can negatively impact marine wildlife. 3. An accidental or intentional discharge of oil which reaches bodies of water. Can be controlled by chemical dispersion, combustion, mechanical containment, and/or absorption. 4. Various waste debris such as medical waste, plastic, sewage, and other waste forms polluting the oceans are collectively called. 5. Man-made structures that are sunk into the ocean to provide a platform for coral reef growth are. 6. Human developments in technology have led to the ability to harvest more organisms from the sea. This can have a negative impact on ecosystems and is known as. Directions: Answer the following multiple choice questions.

17 1. The diagram above could probably BEST be used to illustrate an article with which title? A How Pollutants Get into Groundwater B How Lakes Are Formed by Rivers C Land Pollution in Rural America D Problems with the Groundwater Table 2. Research suggests that sound may affect marine animals. Sound may impact a marine animal in a negative way by: A Communicating with other animals B Locating food sources C Helping the animal protect itself under water D Becoming stranded 3. In the case of overfishing, the loss of a large number of small fish can pose a threat to other marine animals. Which of the following is NOT a threat to marine animals due to overfishing? A Number of offspring B Oxygen levels in the water C Availability of food D Migration patterns 4. Sewage waste in a town is being pumped into a lake. As well as containing waste, the sewage also contains a large amount of bacteria. What negative impact would this have on the surrounding environment? A The bacteria would cause disease in animals that drink the water. B The bacteria would encourage plant growth in the water. C The bacteria would cause the water to evaporate more quickly. D The bacteria would cause the water to become more acidic. D. cell parts and function: Match the following terms with the correct definition. 1. Cell Membrane 2. Cell Wall 3. Nucleus 4. Vacuoles 5. Mitochondria 6. Endoplasmic Reticulum 7. Ribosome 8. Golgi Bodies 9. Chloroplast 10. Cytoplasm A. Outer barrier that provides shape, support & protection for the cell. B. The powerhouse of the cell that uses oxygen to transform food into energy. C. Package products from the endoplasmic reticulum & distribute them around the cell. D. A gel-like fluid that takes up most of the space inside the cell. E. Fluid-filled structure that stores materials needed by the cell. This organelle is larger in plant cells. F. Food-making organelles found within plant cells; where chlorophyll is produced. G. The control center of the cell that directs the cell s main functions. H. Serves as an internal transportation system for the cell; moving materials to & from organelles. I. Encloses the cell and acts like a gatekeeper; allowing materials to enter & exit the cell. J. Produce important products for the cell, including proteins & lipids.

18 GREAT JOB!!! IT S ALMOST SUMMER!