Tuesday, September 05, 2017 Planet Earth

Transcription

1 Tuesday, September 05, 2017 Planet Earth Objective: Describe the solar system and Earth s location in it. Identify Earth s shape. Discuss Earth s structure. List Earth s landforms Do Now: What is a compass rose? Draw a compass rose. What are the two types of geography? Earthquake- a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action. Tsunami A giant wave in the ocean usually caused by a shift in tectonic plates

2 Planet Earth Our Solar System Earth is part of a large physical system containing countless objects, all of which revolve around the sun. Eight spheres, called planets, are the largest objects in the solar system. Terrestrial planets have solid, rocky crusts; these four inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. Gas giant planets are more gaseous and less dense then the other planets; these four outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

3 Jupiter s Surface

4 Interactive #1

5 Planet Earth Getting to Know Earth The atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere form the biosphere, the part of Earth that supports life for all people, animals, and plants. Atmosphere is a thin layer of gases that surround Earth and contains the air we breathe. Hydrosphere includes the liquid and frozen surface water, groundwater, and water vapor in and around oceans, lakes, and rivers on Earth. Lithosphere is the land or surface areas on Earth, including the continents, islands, and ocean basins.

6 Interactive #2

7 Planet Earth Example

8 Planet Earth Under the Sea Underwater landforms are as diverse as those found on dry land. The continental shelf is an underwater extension of the coastal plain. Continental shelves slope out from land for as far as 800 miles. They descend gradually to a depth of about 660 feet (200 m), where a sharp drop marks the beginning of the continental slope. Earth s deepest known depression lies under the Pacific Ocean, southwest of Guam in the Mariana Trench, a narrow, underwater canyon about 36,198 feet deep.

9 Interactive #3

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11 Forces of Change Earth s Structure For millions of years, the surface of the Earth has been moving. The Earth is composed of three layers the core at Earth s center, the mantle layer of dense rock on the outer core, and the crust forming Earth s surface. Many scientists believe Earth was once a single land mass called Pangaea, but then continental drift slowly spread the continents apart. Plate tectonics describes the activities of continental drift and magma flow; referring to the physical processes that create and shape continents, islands, oceans, and mountain ranges.

12 Forces of Change Internal Forces of Change

13 Forces of Change Internal Forces of Change Mountains are formed when Earth s giant continental and oceanic plates collide. Moving plates sometimes cause Earth s surface to buckle forming folds; in other cases the moving plates form cracks called faults. Violent movements of Earth s crust along fault lines are called earthquakes, which dramatically change the surface of the land and the floor of the ocean.

14 Interactive #4

15 Forces of Change External Forces of Change Wind and water break down the Earth s surface through weathering and erosion. Physical weathering happens when large masses of rock are broken down into smaller pieces. Glaciers are large bodies of ice that move across the Earth s surface, changing the landscape as they flow. Soil building takes thousands of years of weathering, erosion, and biological activity and is influenced by five factors; climate, topography, geology, biology, and time.

16 Wind Erosion

17 Glacial Erosion

18 Water Erosion

19 Venn Diagram activity Find a partner and work on diagrams 4 characteristics MINIMUM